内容正文:
新仁爱八上 Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 单元知识梳理(背诵+讲解版)
Preparing for the Topic
Listening & Speaking
1. I just took my temperature. 我刚量了体温。 (教材P38 Activity 1 B)
temperature,名词,意为“体温”。 take one’s temperature 意为“量体温”。
E. g. He is in bed with a temperature of 40℃. 他卧病在床,高烧40摄氏度。
Let me take your temperature. 让我来量一下你的体温。
注意: have a temperature=have a fever,意为“发烧”。
拓展: temperature还可意为“温度;气温”。
常构成的短语有:high/low temperatures 高温/低温 cold/warm temperatures 寒冷的/温暖的气温
a drop/rise in temperature 气温下降/升高 at a very high temperature 在很高的温度下
【即时练习】 1) Mary, ____A____ your temperature.
A. take B. takes C. taking
2) You have a cold. Let me ____A____ your temperature.
A. take B. to take C. eat D. had
2. I have a fever. 我发烧了。 (教材P38 Activity 1 B)
fever,名词,意为“发烧;发热”。
have a fever意为“发烧”,此时have意为“患病;得病;染病”,不用于进行时态。
E.g. I had a fever yesterday. 昨天我发烧了。
注意: 表示“高烧”用high,表示“低烧”用low。
拓展: fever的相关短语: catch a fever 发烧 reduce the fever 退烧
E.g. Aspirin should help reduce the fever. 阿司匹林应该可以退烧。
归纳: 表达疼痛的常用结构①:have a + 身体部位 + ache, 意为“患了······病”
ache /eɪk/ n. (身体某部位的)疼痛
含义:ache一般指持续的、隐隐约约的疼痛,常和身体部位组成复合词,
have a stomachache 胃痛 have a headache头痛 have a cold感冒
have a toothache牙痛 have the flu患流感 have a sore throat咽喉痛
have a cough咳嗽 have a backache背痛
e.g. I have a stomachache and I don't feel like eating anything. 我肚子痛,什么都不想吃。
表达疼痛的常用结构②:have a sore + 身体部位
sore /sɔː(r)/ adj. 疼痛的,酸痛的 n. 疮;痛处
含义:sore主要指由于发炎而引起的肌肉或身体某部位的疼痛,常作定语,修饰身体部位,
如 sore throat(嗓子痛)、sore back(背痛)、sore eyes(眼镜痛)。另外,sore还可以表示一碰就疼的、酸痛的。
e.g. I have a sore throat and it really hurts when I swallow. 我嗓子痛,吞咽的时候真的很疼。
My legs are still sore from yesterday's workout. 我的腿因为昨天的锻炼还酸痛着呢。
注意: have the flu意为“患流感”,短语中用定冠词the。
【即时练习】 1) 我好像发烧了,头好热 。(完成译句)
I think I ____have a fever_____ — my head feels hot.
2) Your temperature is 39℃. You ____C____. Go to the doctor now.
A. have a cough B. have a headache C. have a fever
3. I need to take some cough medicine. 我需要吃些咳嗽药。 (教材P38 Activity 1 B)
1)cough,名词,意为“咳嗽;咳嗽声;咳嗽病”。cough medicine 意为“咳嗽药”。
E.g. You have a bad cough. You need to take some cough medicine. 你咳嗽严重,你需要吃些咳嗽药。
拓展: ① have a dry cough意为“干咳”。② cough还可作动词,意为“咳嗽”。
E.g. I couldn't stop coughing. 我咳嗽不止。
2)medicine,不可数名词,意为“药;药物;(尤指)药水”。
take some medicine 意为“吃药”,其中some 也可用形容词性物主代词或定冠词the替换。
注意: 表示“吃药”时,动词一般用take,不用eat。
E.g. —Did you take your medicine? 你吃过药了吗?
—Yes,I did. 是的,我吃过了。
拓展:medicine在特指某种药时,可作可数名词。意为“医学;医疗”时,是不可数名词。
Chinese herbal medicines(作可数名词)中草药
study/practice medicine(作不可数名词)学医;行医
E.g. Acupuncture has long been a part of traditional Chinese medicine.
针灸长期以来一直是传统中医的一部分。
【即时练习】 1) I have a cold. I need to take some ____A____.
A. medicine B. pancake C. porridge D. onion
2) —What’s ___B___ matter with you? —I have ______ cough.
A. the; the B. the; a C. a; an D. an; an
4. He is coughing and losing his voice. 他一直咳嗽,而且失声了。 (教材P38 Activity 1 B)
lose one’s voice 意为“失声;嗓子哑”。此时voice在这里作名词,意为“嗓音;说话声”。
E.g. Tom lost his voice. 汤姆失声了。
拓展: in a...voice意为“用一种······的嗓音”。
in a low voice 低声地 in a small voice 小声地
in a loud voice 大声地 in a soft voice 轻柔地 in a deep voice 低沉地
E.g. "I promise," she said in a small voice. “我保证。”她小声地说。
【即时练习】 Speak in a ____C____ voice. The baby is sleeping.
A. soft B. loud C. low D. high
5. She needs to see the dentist. 她需要去看牙医。 (教材P38 Activity 1 B)
see the dentist意为“看牙医”,还可用see a dentist表达。
E.g. Jane has a toothache. She needs to see the dentist. 简牙痛,她需要去看牙医。
辨析: dentist和dentist’s
单词
意思
使用场景
用法
dentist
牙医(职业或人)
指牙医本人或职业
go to the dentist 去看牙医
dentist's
牙医的诊所(地点)
强调具体场所,而非治疗行为。
at the dentist's 在牙医诊所
go to the dentist's 去牙医诊所
注意: 无论是dentist’s还是dentist,都必须有冠词。
E.g. I hate going to the dentist. 我讨厌去看牙医。
I need to go to the dentist's. 我需要去牙医诊所。
【即时练习】—What’s the matter with you? —I have a ___A____. I have to see the dentist.
A. toothache B. sore throat C. cold D. headache
6. What's wrong with you? 你怎么了? (教材P38 Activity 1 C)
“What’s wrong (with sb.)?”,一般用于询问疾病、意外伤害等,也可用来询问某人生气或不高兴的原因。
归纳: 类似的表达还有:
What happened (to sb.) ? Is there anything worng (with...)?
What’s the trouble (with...)? What’s the matter (with sb.)?
E.g. What's the trouble/matter with her? 她怎么了?
Is there anything wrong with your head? 你的头不舒服吗?
注意: “What’s wrong(with sb.)?”中 wrong 前没有the,因为wrong为形容词。
“What’s the matter(with sb.)?”中matter前要加the,因为matter为名词。
What’s the wrong with you?( × )
链接: “What’s up(with sb.)?”用于口语中,尤指出现异常或不愉快的事,意为“怎么了?”,
相当于“What’s the matter?”。
E.g. —What’s up with him?他怎么了?
—He is so angry. 他非常生气。
【即时练习】 1) —___B___ with your brother? —He has a headache.
A. What's matter B. What's wrong C. What wrong is
2) —What’s the matter ____B____ you? —I have a cold.
A. for B. with C. at D. on
7. I'm sorry to hear that. You need to see a doctor. 听到这个消息我很难过。你需要去看医生。 (教材P38 Activity 1 C)
1)“I’m sorry+动词不定式”或“I’m sorry+that从句”是一种委婉表达,可以表达做错某事的歉意,还可表达听到不好的消息及不愉快的事情时的关心、遗憾、惋惜或难过。
E.g. —I have a headache. 我头痛。
—I'm sorry to hear that. 听到这个消息我很难过。
I'm sorry to be late. 对不起,我迟到了。
I'm sorry (that) you are ill. 你生病了,我感到很难过。
拓展: 如果听到的是好消息,可用“I am so glad to hear that.”表达。
2)see a doctor意为“看医生”,还可用see the doctor表达。
E.g. You need to see a doctor now. 你现在需要去看医生。
【即时练习】—I’m feeling terrible! I have a cold and a fever. —____C____
A. I hope so. B. Sounds great. C. I’m sorry to hear that. D. Never mind.
8. stay away from phone games 远离手机游戏 (教材P39 Activity 2)
stay away from...意为“远离······”,可与keep away from...和be away from...互换。
E.g. Kangkang promised to stay away from phone games.
= Kangkang promised to keep/be away from phone gamnes. 康康承诺远离手机游戏
【即时练习】为了保持健康,我们应该远离过多的盐和油(oil)。(完成译句)
To keep healthy, we should ___stay away from too much salt and oil.
Function
1. Does it hurt? 疼吗? (教材P40 Activity 1)
hurt v. (使)疼痛,受伤 过去式:hurt 指身体或情感上的疼痛,强调动作或感觉。
可作及物动词(后接宾语)或不及物动词。
e.g. The cut on my finger hurts. 我的手指割伤了,很疼。
辨析:hurt, pain, ache 与 sore
词汇
词性
疼痛特点
常用搭配
例句
hurt
动词
临时/强烈疼痛
sth. hurts;
hurt oneself
My foot hurts when I walk.
我走路时脚疼。
pain
名词
抽象/具体疼痛
have pain in
+ 部位
He has chest pain. 他胸痛。
ache
名词/动词
持续/隐隐作痛
部位+ ache
I have an ache in my stomache. =I have a stomachache我胃疼。
sore
形容词
酸痛/发炎
sore + 部位
She has a sore arm.
她胳膊酸痛。
【即时练习】.选词填空(hurt/pain/ache/sore)
1) My head __aches__. I think I have a fever. (ache v. My head aches.= I have a headache.)
2) The doctor asked about my __pain__ in the stomach. (pain n. + in +部位)
3) After playing basketball, my legs feel __sore__. (sore adj. “酸痛”, 作表语)
4) Be careful! Don't __hurt__ yourself with the knife. (hurt oneself 伤到自己)
5) She has a __sore__ throat, so she can't speak loudly. (sore throat 喉咙痛(发炎) )
2. I feel very sick and have a stomachache. 我觉得很不舒服,胃疼。 (教材P40 Activity 3)
feel sick “感觉恶心;感到不舒服” ,其中 “feel” 是感官系动词,后接形容词 “sick” 作表语 ,用于描述人的身体感受。
e.g. I feel sick every time I travel by bus. 每次坐公交车我都感觉恶心。
She felt sick after eating too much ice - cream.她吃了太多冰淇淋后感到不舒服。
辨析:sick 和 ill
作表语时
sick:表示 “生病的;有病的” / “恶心的;想吐的” 。在表示 “生病的”时,可与 ill 互换,
但在美式英语中,sick 更常用。
ill: 表示 “生病的;有病的” ,一般作表语,不用于名词前作定语(在英式英语中较为常用)。
e.g. My sister is sick/ill in bed. 我妹妹生病卧床。
作定语时
sick:作定语修饰名词时,表示 “生病的;有病的”/ “厌恶的;厌烦的” 。
ill:一般不作定语修饰名词(在古英语或文学作品中偶尔有 “坏的;邪恶的” 意思作定语,但
现代英语中不常见)。
e.g. The doctor is taking care of the sick child. 医生正在照顾生病的孩子。
【即时练习】1) She looks __A__. Maybe she ate something bad.
A. sick B. ill C. sickness D. illness
(此处需要形容词作表语,表示 “不舒服;恶心” , sick 和 ill都可以表示 “生病的” ,但这里强调 “不舒服;恶心”, 用 sick 更合适 ,C 和 D 是名词,不符合。)
2) The __B__ man can't go to work.
A. ill B. sick C. illness D. sickness
(此处需要形容词修饰名词 man ,ill 一般不作定语,sick 可以作定语表示 “生病的” , C 和 D 是名词,不符合。)
3. Let me examine you. 让我来给你检查一下。 (教材P40 Activity 3)
examine,动词,意为“(仔细地)检查,检验;审查”。
E.g. The doctor examined Tom yesterday. 医生昨天给汤姆做了检查。
链接: examine名词形式是exam(=examination),意为“考试”。
E.g. We will have a math exam next Monday. 下周一我们将进行一次数学考试。
【即时练习】1) 为了找出故障原因,工程师们仔细检查了机器。
To find out the cause of the malfunction, the engineers __examined__ the machine carefully.
2) 下周的英语考试非常重要。
Next week's English __exam/examination__ is very important.
4. You ate too much junk food, especially hot pepper and iced Coke. 你吃了太多的垃圾食品,尤其是辣椒和冰可乐。 (教材P40 Activity 3)
hot,形容词,意为“辣的;辛辣的”。 hot spicy food 辛辣的食物
E.g. You can make a curry hotter simply by adding chillies. 你只需加入辣椒就能增加咖喱菜的辣味。
归纳: hot作形容词时的其他意思:热的;活跃的;激烈的;风靡一时的;走红的
E.g. Do you like this hot weather? 你喜欢这种炎热的天气吗?
It was hot and getting hotter. 天气很热,而且气温在不断升高。
I feel hot. 我觉得很热。
Competition is getting hotter day by day. 竞争日趋白热化。
They are one of this year's hot new bands. 他们是今年走红的新乐队之一。
【即时练习】1) 在炎热的夏天有一个雨天真是太好了。
It’s really great to have a rainy day in the hot summer.
2) 对青少年来说,了解热点新闻是重要的。
It’s important for teenagers to learn hot news.
5. It's not healthy at all. 它一点也不健康。 (教材P40 Activity 3)
not...at all意为“一点也不,根本不······”表示强烈的否定。
注意: not 常位于be动词、助动词或情态动词之后,构成否定句,at all常位于句末。
E.g. Tom doesn’t like English at all. 汤姆一点儿也不喜欢英语。
拓展: “Not at all.”,意为“不用谢/别客气。”,常用来回答道歉或道谢。
E.g. —Thank you for helping me. 感谢你的帮助。
—Not at all. 不用谢。
—I'm sorry.I'm late. 对不起,我迟到了。
—Oh, not at all. 哦,没关系。
【即时练习】1) David likes bananas very much.(用not..at all改写句子)
David ___doesn’t___ ___like___ bananas ___at___ ___all___.
2) 用 “not... at all” 改写句子,保持原意不变。
He doesn’t know the answer.(强调 “完全不知道”)
____He doesn’t know the answer at all___.
6. You need to take a rest and take some pills. 你需要休息一下并服用一些药。 (教材P40 Activity 3)
1) take a rest意为“休息”。此时rest在这里作名词,意为“休息时间;睡眠时间”。
可与have a rest、have/take a break互换。
E.g. Now you can take a rest.
= Now you can have a rest.
= Now you can have/take a break. 现在你们可以休息一下。
2)pill,可数名词,意为“药丸;药片”。take some pills 意为“服用一些药”。
E.g. The little boy didn't want to take any pills. 这个小男孩不想吃药。
—Here are some pills. Take two pills,three times a day. 这里有些药。一天三次,一次两片。
—OK. 好的。
辨析:medicine和pill
单词
词性
意思
构成的短语
medicine
不可数名词
药,药物;医学
take/have some medicine
pill
可数名词
药丸;药片
take/have some pills
【即时练习】 1)如果你觉得有点儿累,你最好休息一下。
If you feel a little tired, you’d better take/have a rest.
2)You should take ____B___ on time, _______ each time, and two times a day.
A. the medicines; three pills B. the medicine; three pills
C. the medicine; three pill D. the medicines; three pill
7. stop eating junk food停止吃垃圾食品 (教材P40 Activity 3)
stop doing sth. 意为“停止做某事”。
E.g. Tom stopped playing the guitar when he was 9. 汤姆9岁就不弹吉他了。
辨析: stop doing sth. 和 stop to do sth.
短语
意思
用法
stop doing sth.
停止做某事
停止正在做的事情
stop to do sth.
停下来去做某事
停下正在做的事情去做另一件事
E.g. Jane stopped having a rest. 简停止了休息。
Jane stopped to have a rest. 简停下来去休息。
【即时练习】1)Our teacher asked us to stop ___C___. So we stopped ________ to him.
A. talking; listening B. to talk; listen C. talking; to listen
2) (2024·黑龙江·中考真题)—I think people should stop ___B__ trees.
—I agree. Instead, more trees should be planted to protect the environment.
A. lying down B. cutting down C. turning down
(lie down躺下 cut down砍伐 turn down调小; 拒绝)
Exploring the Topic
Thinking Skills & Reading Strategies
1. Pingping and Yining both love sports a lot. 萍萍和伊宁都非常热爱运动。 (教材P42 Activity 1)
a lot 用法:副词短语,表示程度,意为"非常;很多",常用来修饰动词。
e.g. Pingping and Yining both love sports a lot.平平和伊宁都很热爱运动 。
拓展:同义短语: very much,在句中位置常放在动词后。
e.g. I like reading a lot/very much. 我很喜欢阅读 。
反义短语:a little 一点点 搭配:learn a lot 学到很多 thanks a lot 非常感谢
注:a lot of/lots of +可数/不可数名词 意为“许多”。
【及时练习】我从这次经历中学到了很多。(完成译句)
I learned __a lot__ from this experience.
2. Unlike her, Yining is shy. 不像她,伊宁很害羞。 (教材P42 Activity 1)
unlike 用法:介词,意为 “与…… 不同;不像” ,用于对比两者差异,后接名词/代词等构成介宾结构。同义词:different from 不同于
e.g. Unlike her, Yining is shy. 与她不同,伊宁很腼腆 。
拓展:unlike 作形容词时意为 “不同的;不相似的”,常用搭配“be unlike”
e.g. These two pictures are unlike. 这两张图片不一样 。
反义词: like(作介词时表 “像” ), 通常位于句尾。后接名词/代词/动名词
e.g. I enjoy fruits like apples and bananas. 我喜欢吃水果,比如苹果和香蕉。
注:dislike 动词,意为“不喜欢”。
【及时练习】 My friend Tina likes drawing pictures in her free time. ___B__ her, I _______ painting, I like playing football instead.
A. Dislike, unlike B. Unlike, dislike C. Dislike, dislike
3. She likes running alone. 她喜欢一个人跑步。 (教材P42 Activity 1)
alone 用法:副词 / 形容词 。作副词时,表 “独自地;单独地”, 修饰动词;
作形容词时,常作表语,表 “独自的;单独的”。
e.g. She likes running alone. 她喜欢独自跑步 。 (作副词修饰 running)
He was alone in the room. 他独自一人在房间里 。(作表语)
辨析:lonely 是形容词,侧重情感上 “孤独的;寂寞的” (有感情色彩)。
e.g. The old man feels lonely. 这位老人感到孤独 。
拓展:同义词:by oneself 独自 反义词:together 一起
【及时练习】 The old man feels ___lonely__ (alone/lonely) because he has no friends.
4. When doing sports, they both need to take care of their safety. 当进行体育运动时,他们都需要注意自身安全。 (教材P42Activity 1)
用法:“when + 现在分词短语” 构成省略结构,完整形式是“when they are doing sports” ,在句中作时间状语,表 “当做…… 时” ,常用于主从句主语一致的情况,可简化句子。
e.g. When studying, turn off your phone. 学习时关掉手机。
拓展:类似结构如 while walking on the street 在街上走路时 after finishing homework 完成作业后
语法规则:主语一致时可省略"主语+be动词"。
take care of = look after/care for 意为 “照顾;照料;爱护”
【及时练习】___When eating__ (When eat/When eating), chew slowly.
5. I have meals with little salt and sugar. 我的餐食含很少的盐和糖。 (教材P42 Activity 2)
1) with little salt and sugar
结构:介词 with + 名词 作后置定语,with在此表示伴随,说明 meals 的特点。
2) little 限定词,修饰不可数名词,意为 “很少;几乎没有”,
表否定含义(强调数量少到接近没有)
辨析:与 a little 对比:a little 表肯定,意为 “有一点”。
e.g. There is a little water in the cup. 杯子里有一点水。
与 few/a few 对比:few/a few 修饰可数名词复数。
e.g. He has few friends. 他几乎没朋友。
【及时练习】There’s _little_ (a little/little) milk in the fridge. We need to buy more.
6. For one thing, it can help build a strong body.... For another, it is a good way to rest and relax our minds. 一方面,它能帮助强健体魄。······另一方面,它是一种休息和放松头脑的好方法。 (教材P43 Activity 1)
1) For one thing, .... For another, .... 意为“一方面,······。另一方面,······。”,用以引出两个或多个相互关联的理由、原因或观点。
E.g. Let him design for us. For one thing,he is good at drawing. For another, he is interested in
designing. 让他来帮我们设计吧。一方面,他善于绘画。另一方面,他对设计很感兴趣。
2) build a strong body 动词短语, 表示“强健体魄”, 强调通过锻炼或健康习惯增强身体素质。
build v. “建造;塑造;使形成” 等含义 ,此处意为 “塑造;锻炼出”。过去式:built
e.g. Regular exercise helps build a strong body.规律运动有助于塑造强壮身体 。
拓展:build sth. up 逐步建立;增进 build sb. up 增强体质/健康
e.g. The doctor advised a diet to build her up after the illness.
医生建议她在病后通过饮食调养来增强体质。
3) a good way to do sth. “做某事的好方法”,用于提出建议或推荐某种有效方式。
e.g. It is a good way to relax by listening to music.听音乐是放松的好方法 。
Group study is a good way to improve study efficiency. 小组学习是提升学习效率的好方法 。
拓展:a way of doing sth. 也可表 “做某事的方式”, 与a way to do sth.同义。
e.g. a way of solving the problem 解决问题的一种方式
不过在侧重 “途径、手段去达成某事” 时,“to do sth.” 结构更常用 。
4) relax one’s mind 动词短语,表示“放松心情/大脑”,强调通过活动缓解精神压力。
e.g. Listening to light music helps relax my mind after a busy day.
忙碌一天后,听轻音乐有助于放松我的精神 。
拓展:relax one’s body 意为 “放松身体” ,relax one's body and mind 放松身心
e.g. Doing yoga can relax your body and reduce stress. 做瑜伽能放松你的身体,缓解压力 。
形容词形式: relaxed 意为 “放松的;自在的” ,常描述人的状态;
relaxing 意为 “令人放松的” ,多修饰事物。
【及时练习】1) Boys and girls, this is ___B___ easy test. So you should be ________. I’m sure you can
get a good mark.
A. a, relaxing B. an, relaxed C. an, relaxing
2) The teacher taught us a good way to learn English. (改为同义句)
The teacher taught us a good way __of___ ___ learning___ English.
3) 做运动能为青少年锻炼出强健体魄 。(完成译句)
Doing sports can ____build a strong body___ for teenagers.
7. That's why we should do some exercise after hours of work or study. 那就是为什么我们应该在长时间的工作或学习之后做些锻炼。(教材P43 Activity 1)
that’s why意为“那就是为什么”,用于解释某个原因或解释某事为什么发生。其中why 引导的是一个表语从句,用来说明事件的结果。
E.g. That's why we should take care of our safety.那就是为什么我们应该注意我们的安全。
辨析: that’s why...和 that’s because...
易混句式
意思
用法
that's why...
那就是为什么······
从句用来说明事件的结果。即原因-That’s why一结果。
that's because...
那是因为······
从句用来说明事件的原因。即结果-That’s because-原因。
E.g. I was ill. That's why I didn't go to school. 我生病了。那就是为什么我没有上学。
I laughed. That's because what he said was interesting. 我笑了。那是因为他说的话很有趣。
8. He/She can give you some advice according to your condition. 他/她可以根据你的情况给你一些建议。 (教材P43 Activity 3)
give some advice “给出一些建议”,用于描述向他人提供意见、看法等帮助 。
e.g. My teacher gave me some advice on studying math. 我的老师给了我一些学习数学的建议 。
Can you give some advice about how to solve this problem?
你能给出一些关于如何解决这个问题的建议吗?
拓展:常用搭配:take one’s advice 接受某人的建议 a piece of advice 一条建议 (advice 不可数)
易混淆词:suggestion 表“建议”, 可数名词。
e.g. give a suggestion/give some suggestions 给出(一些)建议
【及时练习】Mr. Li gives us many good ___C___ on how to protect the environment.
A. advices B. pieces of advices C. pieces of advice D. an advice
9. You need to start slowly with a warm-up, and then move on step by step. 你需要先热身再慢慢开始,然后一步步进行。(教材P43 Activity 3)
1) move on意为“前进;进步;进展”。
E.g. Time is moving on. 时代在进步。
拓展: move on还可意为“离开(事故现场等)”。
2)step by step意为“逐步地;逐渐地”。此时step在这里作名词,意为“步;阶段”。
E.g. We will finish the task step by step. 我们将一步步完成任务。
链接: watch your step意为“走路小心”,可与mind your step互换。
拓展: step还可作动词,意为“迈步;踩;踏;行走”。
E.g. She stepped aside to let them pass. 她闪到一边让他们过去。
I turned around quickly and stepped on his toes. 我一个急转身,踩到了他的脚上。
【及时练习】1) 进步都是一步一步得来的。
Progress is always made step by step.
2) ready, you, to, are, move on (连词成句)
____Are you ready to move on____? (你准备好继续前进了吗”)
10. Take a break or stop right away when you feel uncomfortable. 当你感觉不舒服的时候,休息一下或者立刻停止。 (教材P43 Activity 3)
take a break 意为“休息一下”。此时break 在这里作名词,意为“间歇;休息”。
E.g. Let's take a break. 咱们休息会儿吧。
链接: take/have a rest和have a break 也可意为“休息一下”,可与take a break互换。
E.g. Now you can take a break/rest.
=Now you can have a break/rest. 现在你可以休息一下。
拓展: break还可作动词,意为“违犯;背弃;(使)破,裂,碎;打断;中断;打破(记录);损坏;弄破;稍停;暂停”。
E.g. Tom said he didn't break any rules. 汤姆说他没有违反任何规则。
He broke the bowl. 他把碗打碎了。
The phone rang and broke my train of thought. 电话铃响了,打断了我的思路。
Jim broke a record at our sports meeting.吉姆在我们的运动会上打破了一项记录。
Let's break for lunch. 我们休息一会儿、吃午饭。
【及时练习】1) We should take breaks after studying for a long time. ( A )
A. rest B. notice C. train D. compete
2) The boy ________ the teacher’s window when he was playing football. ( C )
A. will break B. break C. broke D. breaks
Theme Reading
1. In my opinion, staying positive has amazing benefits. 在我看来,保持积极心态有惊人的益处。 (教材P44 Activity 2)
1) in one's opinion 在某人看来;依某人之见 介词短语,可放在句首、句中或句尾 ,one's 随主语人称变化,如 “in my/your/his/her/their opinion” 。
E.g. In my opinion, we should go to the park this weekend. 在我看来,我们这个周末应该去公园。
拓展:in one’s view也意为“在某人看来”,可与in one’s opinion 互换。
E.g. In my view, we should have a healthy diet.
= In my opinion, we should have a healthy diet. 在我看来,我们应该保持健康的饮食
拓展:同义表达有 from one's point of view; as far as sb. is concerned。
2) stay positive / be positive 保持积极(的心态)
staying positive 动名词短语作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
拓展:“stay + 形容词” 的类似表达还有 stay healthy(保持健康 )等 。
【及时练习】依我看,用英语交流是练习口语最好的方法之一。(完成译句)
__In my opinion__, communicating in English is one of the best ways to practice spoken English.
2. I can study and work better in a good mood. 心情好时,我的学习和工作效率都会更高。(教材P44 Activity 2)
mood,可数名词,意为“心情;情绪”。in a...mood意为“心情······”。
in a good mood 心情好 介词短语,在句中常作表语或状语,描述人的情绪状态 。
e.g. She is in a good mood today because she got good grades. 她今天心情好,因为她取得了好成绩。
拓展:反义短语 in a bad mood 心情差
相关短语 be in no mood to do sth. 没心情做某事
e.g. He is in no mood to talk now. 他现在没心情说话。
【及时练习】Look at her smile! She ___A___.
A. is in a good mood B. in a good mood C. is in bad mood D. in good mood
3. Second, you can communicate with more people and you don’t need to face bad feelings alone. 其次,你可以多和人交流,不必独自面对负面情绪。 (教材P44 Activity 2)
1)communicate with 与…… 交流;和…… 沟通
e.g. We should communicate with our parents more often. 我们应该更频繁地和父母交流。
拓展:名词形式 communication “交流;沟通”,
e.g. Good communication is important in a team. 团队中良好的沟通很重要。
2)don’t need to do sth. 不必/不需要做某事
3)alone adj./adv. 独自地;单独地 对比:lonely adj. 孤独的(有感情色彩)
【及时练习】Whatever happens, you should ___A___ your parents.
A. communicate with B. communicate to C. communication with
4. Last, make sure to get enough sleep. 最后,一定要保证充足的睡眠。 (教材P44 Activity 2)
1)make sure to do... 确保;务必(做某事)
e.g. Make sure to lock the door when you leave. 你离开的时候务必锁门。
拓展:同义短语 be sure to... make sure + that 从句 确保……
2)get enough sleep 获得充足睡眠
sleep n. 睡眠(不可数名词) lack of sleep 睡眠不足
sleep v. 睡觉(不规则动词:sleep - slept - slept) sleep well/badly 睡得好/不好
【及时练习】__B__ turn off the lights when you leave the classroom.
A. Make sure B. Make sure to C. Make sure of D. Make sure that
5. After a good sleep, you will be full of energy. 睡个好觉后, 你会精力充沛。 (教材P44 Activity 2)
1)a good sleep 好觉
2)be full of energy 充满活力;精力充沛
be full of 表示 “充满……”(某种物质、特质或情感) 。
be full of hope 充满希望 be full of joy 充满欢乐
e.g. After a good rest, he is full of energy. 好好休息后,他精力充沛。
Children are usually full of energy in the morning. 孩子们早上通常充满活力。
拓展:同义短语 be filled with energy。
对比:be filled with 充满;被……装满 (强调"被填满"的动作)。
【及时练习】The athletes ___A__ before the competition.
A. are full of energy B. is filled of energy
C. are full with energy D. is full with energy
6. I am glad to come across your post. 我很高兴偶然看到你的帖子。 (教材P45 Activity 2)
1)be glad to do sth. 很高兴做某事;乐意做某事
e.g. She is glad to see her old friend again. 她很高兴再次见到她的老朋友。
拓展:同义表达 be happy to...; be pleased to...
e.g. He is happy to take part in the activity. 他很乐意参加这个活动。
2)come across 偶然遇见;偶然发现 动词短语,强调不经意间碰到人或事物 。
e.g. I came across an interesting book in the library yesterday. 我昨天在图书馆偶然发现一本有趣的书。
拓展:同义短语 run into; meet with
e.g. I ran into an old friend at the supermarket. 我在超市碰到一位老朋友。
3) )post,在这里作名词,意为“(发到互联网讨论组的)帖子;信息;博文;网志文章”。
E.g. —Lily,when did you send your post?莉莉,你什么时候发的帖子?
—Last night. 昨天晚上。
拓展:post 作动词,意为“邮政; 邮递; 邮寄;(在网站上)发布(信息或图片)”
post sth. on sth. 在……上发布……
【及时练习】 He __B__ a strange animal in the forest last week.
A. came cross B. came across C. come across D. come cross
7. To start with, I think playing sports is one of the ways. 首先,我认为运动是(保持积极的)方式之一。 (教材P45 Activity 2)
1)to start with 首先;起初;一开始
e.g. To start with, he doesn't like this plan at all. 一开始,他根本不喜欢这个计划。
拓展:同义表达 first of all;firstly,用于列举时的开头。
2)one of... …… 之一 后接可数名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
e.g. One of my friends likes playing the piano. 我的一个朋友喜欢弹钢琴。
拓展:one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数, 表示在某个范围内… 之一 。
【及时练习】 One of the ___C___on the table________ big and red.
A. tomato; is B. tomatos; are C. tomatoes; is D. tomatoes; are
8. I am never absent from the football matches in my school. 我从不缺席学校的足球比赛。 (教材P45 Activity 2)
absent adj. 缺席的; 不在的 be absent from 缺席……;不在…… 后接表示场所、活动等的名词,说明未参与或未到场。
e.g. Don't be absent from class without a good reason. 不要无故旷课。
He was absent from the meeting because of illness. 他因生病缺席了会议。
拓展:反义词组 be present at 出席;到场
e.g. She is present at every class. 她每节课都出席。
【及时练习】He ___B___ the important party yesterday.
A. is absent from B. was absent from C. is absent D. was absent
9. When I am playing football, I am always confident in myself. 踢足球时,我总是充满自信。(教材P45 Activity 2)
confident adj. 自信的;有把握的 be confident in + n./doing 对…… 有信心;相信……
后接人、事物或 oneself(反身代词 ),表示对其有信心。
e.g. You should be confident in your abilities. 你应该对自己的能力有信心。
She is confident in winning the competition. 她有信心赢得比赛。
拓展:同义短语 have confidence in 对…有信心
e.g. He has confidence in his plan. 他对自己的计划有信心。
【及时练习】We __B___ our team. We will win the game.
A. be confident in B. are confident in C. is confident in D. am confident in
10. Besides, we need to find the good points in ourselves. 此外,我们需要找到自己的优点。(教材P45 Activity 2)
1)find the good points in oneself 意为“找到某人自己的优点”。此时point在这里作名词,意为“特点;特性;特征”。
E.g. Don’t be too strict. We should find the good points in others.
不要太严格了。我们应该找他人的优点。
常用短语: point作名词时的相关短语
at/on the point of doing sth. 即将,正要(做某事) in point of fact 实际上;其实 score points 得分
链接:point还可作动词,意为“指,指向”
常用短语: point to 指向 point at 指着 point out 指出
11. To live a happy life, we must first love ourselves. 要过得幸福,首先要学会爱自己。(教材P45 Activity 2)
1) live a/an+adj.+life 意为“过着······的生活”
live a happy life 过幸福的生活;过上快乐的生活
e.g. Everyone wants to live a happy life. 每个人都想过幸福的生活。
We should work hard to live a happy life. 我们应该努力工作来过幸福的生活。
拓展:类似表达 live a... life: live a hard life 过着艰苦的生活
live a quiet life 过平静的生活 live a colorful life 过丰富多彩的生活
2)love oneself 爱自己
【及时练习】They hope to ___A___ in the countryside.
A. live a happy life B. live happy life C. live a happily life D. live happily life
12. Finally, if we do have bad feelings,we can write them down. 最后,如果我们确实心情不佳,我们可以把它们写下来。(教材P45 Activity 2)
1)if意为“如果”,在这里引导条件状语从句,表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。if引导的条件状语从句与主句连接且位于句首时,常用逗号与主句分开;位于句尾时,其前不用逗号隔开。
E.g. If you study hard,you will get good grades.
= You will get good grades if you study hard. 如果你努力学习,你将取得好成绩。
注意: 一般情况下,if引导的条件状语从句,主句为一般将来时、主句含有情态动词或主句为祈使句时,从句用一般现在时表示将来,可记忆为“主将从现、主情从现、主祈从现”。
E.g. If it snows tomorrow, we will make a snowman.
(主句为一般将来时)如果明天下雪,我们就堆雪人。
We can make a snowman if it snows tomorrow.
(主句含有情态动词)如果明天下雪,我们可以堆雪人。
If you ever go to Beijing,make sure you visit the Palace Museum.
(主句为祈使句)如果你去北京的话,一定要去参观故宫博物院。
2)在此句中,do用于加强语气。在一般现在时的肯定句中,do可以用来加强语气,通常用于强调谓语动词。
E.g. He does look upset. 他看起来确实很难过
【及时练习】— What are you going to do tomorrow?
— We’ll go to the library if it ____D____.
A. rain B. won’t rain C. isn’t rain D. doesn’t rain
13. Talking to ourselves is a useful way to get through difficult moments. 跟我们自己交谈是一种度过艰难时光的有效方法。(教材P45 Activity 2)
动名词talking to ourselves作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
1)talk to oneself 自言自语;自我对话
e.g. He often talks to himself when he is thinking. 他思考的时候经常自言自语。
Don't be surprised if you see her talking to herself. 如果你看到她自言自语,别惊讶。
拓展:同义短语 say to oneself
e.g. She said to herself that she could do it. 她心里对自己说她能做到。
2)a way to... …… 的一种方式;…… 的途径
拓展:也可用 a way of doing sth. 结构,两者意思相近,可互换
e.g. a way of learning English 一种学英语的方式
3)get through 度过(困难时期等);熬过;通过(考试等)
动词短语,在本句中表示度过艰难时刻,也可用于表示通过考试、接通电话等。如:get through an exam 通过考试 get through to sb. 接通某人电话
e.g. We will get through this difficult time together. 我们会一起度过这段艰难时期。
He finally got through the driving test. 他最终通过了驾照考试。
拓展:同义短语 go through(侧重于经历、经受 ),但 get through 更强调成功度过 。
【及时练习】The line is busy. I can’t ___B___.
A. get on B. get through C. turn on D. turn off
(get on 上车;get through 接通(电话),turn on 打开;turn off 关上)
Grammar in Use
1. He became a non-smoker in order to keep healthy. 他为了保持健康,戒了烟。(教材P46 Activity 1)
1) in order to 表示 “为了、以便”,引导目的状语,强调做某事的目的,可与to, so as to互换。
肯定式:in order to + 动词原形
否定式:in order not to + 动词原形
e.g. He studies hard in order to pass the exam. 他努力学习是为了通过考试。
She spoke quietly in order not to wake the baby. 她轻声说话,以免吵醒宝宝。
2) keep healthy 表示 “保持健康” 同义表达:stay healthy; keep fit
【及时练习】他们每天训练,为了赢得比赛。
They practice daily ___in order to/to__ win the competition.
2. Sea food may seem to disagree with some people. 海鲜可能似乎不适合有些人(吃)。 (教材P46 Activity 1)
1) seem 表示 “似乎;好像;看来”,用来描述主语给人的印象或判断,不强调事实本身,而是主观感受。 seem to do sth. 似乎做某事 It seems that + 从句 似乎……;看来……
e.g. She seems to enjoy reading. 她似乎喜欢读书。
It seems that he is late for class. 看来他上课迟到了。
拓展: 否定形式:seem not to do sth. 或 It doesn’t seem that + 从句
seem + 形容词 似乎…… 的
e.g. The problem seems difficult. 这个问题似乎很难。
【及时练习】1) He seems ___B___ when he hears from his girlfriend.
A. happily B. happy C. to happy
2) The weather seems ____A____ everyone.
A. to affect B. affect C. affects
2) disagree with 此处为 “(食物、气候等)不适合;使不舒服” disagree with sb. 不适合某人
e.g. Spicy food disagrees with my stomach. 辛辣食物不适合我的胃。
拓展:disagree with “不同意;持不同意见”,主语通常是人,宾语可以是某人、观点或计划等。
反义短语:agree with 同意;(气候、食物等)适合于
e.g. I disagree with his decision. 我不同意他的决定。
She disagrees with me about this plan. 关于这个计划,她和我意见不同。
【及时练习】—Doing some sports is good for health.
—___B___ I do sports every day.
A. I disagree with you. B. I agree with you. C. Take it easy. D. Forget it.
3. It is incorrect to do sports with an empty stomach. 空腹做运动是不正确的。 (教材P10 Activity 1)
1) It's + adj. + to do sth. "做某事是...的" 其中 “it” 是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式短语“to do sth.”,避免句子因主语过长而显得头重脚轻。
e.g. It's easy to answer this question.回答这个问题很简单。
It is unhealthy to eat too many hamburgers. 吃太多汉堡包是不健康的。
拓展:It's + adj. +(for sb.) to do sth. "(对某人来说)做某事是...的"
2) with an empty stomach “空腹;饿着肚子” “with + 名词短语” 结构,表示 “处于…… 状态;带着……”,在句中作状语,说明动作发生的伴随状态。如:with long hair 留着长发
e.g. The girl ran into the room with a smile. 女孩笑着跑进了房间。
【及时练习】To say goodbye to you is so hard. (用It is... to do sth.改写)
_____It is so hard to say good bye to you____.
4. It is impossible to keep healthy without good living habits. 没有良好的生活习惯,就不可能保持健康。 (教材P46 Activity 2)
1) 句型:It's + adj. + to do sth. “做某事是…… 的”
2) impossible adj. “不可能的”,由否定前缀 im- + possible(可能的)构成,可作表语或定语。
反义词:possible 可能的 副词形式:impossibly 不可能地
e.g. It's impossible for a child to lift this heavy box. 对一个孩子来说,举起这个重箱子是不可能的。
3) without prep.“没有;不借助”,后接名词、代词或动名词。与 with(有;用)构成反义。
e.g. Without your help, I couldn't have finished it. 没有你的帮助,我不可能完成。
【及时练习】The driver stopped the bus without ___B____ twice.
A. think B. thinking C. to think D. thought
5. She dislikes ice cream because it's bad for her teeth. 她不喜欢冰激凌,因为冰激凌对她的牙齿不好。 (教材P46 Activity 2)
be bad for意为“对······有害”,后通常跟名词、动名词或代词。
E.g. That pair of shoes is bad for her feet. 那双鞋会伤她的脚。
链接: be good for意为“对······有有好处”,是be bad for的反义短语。
E.g. Doing exercise is good for our health. 锻炼对我们的健康有好处
【及时练习】吃太多垃圾食品对健康有害。(完成译句)
Eating too much junk food is bad for health.
6. An improper habit does a lot of harm to people. 一个不良的习惯对人们有很大危害。(教材P46 Activity 3)
1) do harm to 动词短语,意为 “对…… 有害”,其中 harm 是不可数名词, 意为 “危害;伤害”。harm还可作动词,直接接宾语。
e.g. Smoking harms your lungs. 吸烟伤害你的肺。
Reading in the sun does harm to your eyes. 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。
拓展: 同义短语:be harmful to 对…… 有害
e.g. An improper habit is harmful to people.
= An improper habit ____does harm to___ people.
反义词组:do good to/be good for 对…… 有益
2) a lot of = lots of “许多;大量”, 可接可数名词复数或不可数名词。
e.g. She has a lot of friends. 她有很多朋友。
【及时练习】Stop ____C____ ! It would ________ your health.
A. smoking; harm to B. to smoke; does harm C. smoking; do harm to
7. Whar's worse, people will become impatient and they may even forget amportand dates. 更糟理的是,人们将变得没有耐心。甚至会忘记重要的日子。(教材P46 Activity 3)
1) whar’s worse 意为“更糟糕的是”
E.g. I was late for school this morning. What's worse, I lost my wallet.
我今天早上上学迟到了。更糟糕的是。我的钱包丢了。
辨析:what’s worse 和 what’s more
短语
意思
用法
what’s worse
更糟糕的是
用于引出一个比之前提到的更差、更严重的情况,使问题或不利情况在程度上加深。
what’s more
更有甚者;
更为重要的是
用于对之前约内多进行补充。添加新的、同等重要或者更重要的信息,使阐述更丰富。
E.g. He lost his jnob. Whar's worse, le lost his house. 他丢了工作,更精的是,他房子也没了。
You’re wrong, and what’s more you know it! 你错了!而且你明明知道你错了!
2) even,副词,意为“(强调出乎意料)甚至,连,即使”,一般放在行为动词前,be动词、情态动词、助动词之后。
E.g. I even forgot to close fhe door. 我甚至忘了去关门。
8. He can hand it in tomorrow. 他可以明天上交。(教材P47 Activity 2)
hand sth. in (to sb.) 意为“提交,呈交,上交(尤指书面材料或失物)”。此时hand 这里作动词,意为“交;递;给”。
注意:英式英语中也可用 give sth. In (to sb.) 表达。
E.g. —Please hand in your projects next week. 请下周上交你们的研究报告。
—OK. 好的。
I handed the watch in to the police. 我把那块表交给了警察。
链接: hand还可作名词,意为“手;帮助,协助”。
by hand 手工 hand in hand 手拉手 lend a hand 帮助;协助
in one’s hand 在某人手里 put one’s hand up = raise one’s hand 举手
E.g. I made the model ship by hand. 我亲手做了这个小船模型。
【及时练习】老师让我下课后亲自交作业。
My teacher asked me to hand in the homework in person after class.
9. Both Maria and Meimei need to lose weight. 玛利亚和梅梅都需要减肥。(教材P47 Activity 3)
both...and...意为“······和······(两者)都”,用于连接句中的两个并列成分。
E.g. I like both English and math. 英语和数学我都喜欢。
注意: both...and...结构做主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
E.g. Both his father and his mother are doctors. 他的父亲和母亲都是医生。
辨析: both...and..., not only...but(also)...,neither...nor...和as well as
短语
意思
用法
both...and...
和······(两者)都
需连接两个相同性质的成分(如名词+名词、形容词+形容词、动词+动词、介词短语+介词短语等),且结构需保持对称。
not only...but (also)...
不仅······而且······
连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词应遵循“就近原则”。not only置于句首时,需主谓倒装。
neither...nor...
既不······也不······
连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词应遵循“就近原则”。
as well as
和;还;既······又······
可连接并列的单词或短语。连接两个并列成分做主语时,谓语动词应遵循“就远原则”。
E.g. She both speaks and writes Spanish. 她既会说又会写西班牙语。
Not only his parents but (also) his sister is a teacher. 不仅他父母是老师,他姐姐也是。
Neither you nor I am good at singing. 你和我都不擅长唱歌。
Jane as well as I loves English. 简和我都喜欢英语。
【及时练习】1)___B___ his parents ______ he likes the red car,but they can't afford it.
A. Both; and B. Not only; but also C. Neither; nor D. Either; or
2)Tom and I ___B____ in the school band. We ________ like playing the guitar.
A. am; both B. are; both C. am; same D. are; all
Developing the Topic
Oral Communication & Reading for Writing
1. You should eat less of them. 你应该少吃点它们。(教材P48 Activity 1 B)
less 的用法: 可作形容词, 意为 “较少的;更少的” , 是 little 的比较级, 修饰不可数名词。
e.g. There is less water in the bottle than before. 瓶子里的水比之前少了 。)
也可作副词,意为 “更少地;较小地” ,修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。
e.g. You should sleep less and study more. 你应该少睡点,多学习 。
还能作代词,意为 “较少;更少” ,指代不可数名词的较少数量 。
e.g. Less of the junk food is what we need. 我们需要的是少吃这类垃圾食品。(less 指代”垃圾食品的量”)
常用搭配:less than 少于;小于 反义词组:more than 多于;超过
e.g. The box weighs less than 5 kilograms. 这个盒子重量不到 5 公斤 。
拓展:反义词:more 的原形为many或much,所以more 既可以修饰可数名词复数, 也能修饰不可数名词。more作副词使用时, 本身无原形, 仅作为比较级存在。
e.g. To lose weight, you should eat less junk food and more vegetables.
为了减肥,你应该少吃垃圾食品,多吃蔬菜 。
【及时练习】用 less 或 more 填空(注意修饰对象 )
1) You should drink ___more___ water and ___less___ cola.
2) To keep fit, do ___more__ exercise and watch ___less___ TV.
3) ___Less___ talking and ___more___ working can help you finish the task quickly.
2. My sister, on the other hand, prefers swimming and basketball. 另一方面,我的妹妹更喜欢游泳和篮球。(教材P49 Activity 2)
1) on the other hand,一般与on the one hand 搭配构成 “on the one hand..., on the other hand...”结构,意为“一方面······,另一方面······”,通常用于连接两个不同但相关的内容,表示对比、并列或对立。
E.g. On the one hand, mobile phones areuseful in our lives. On the other hand, they also bring some problems.(表对比)一方面,手机在我们的生活中是有用的。另一方面,它们也带来了一些问题。
On the one hand, he is good at math. On the other hand, he also does well in English.
(表并列)一方面,他擅长数学。另一方面,他也擅长英语。
2)prefer v.“更喜欢;宁愿” ,表达对事物的偏好、选择。常见结构:
· prefer + 名词 / 代词
e.g. I prefer coffee. 我更喜欢咖啡 。
·prefer + doing sth. 长期、习惯性的 “更喜欢做某事”
e.g. He prefers reading books in his free time. 他空闲时间更喜欢看书 。
·prefer + to do sth. 特定情境下 “宁愿 / 更想做某事”, 也可表 “prefer sb to do sth” ,即 “宁愿某人做某事” 。
e.g. I prefer to stay at home today. 我今天更想待在家 。
My mother prefers me to go to bed early. 我妈妈宁愿我早点上床睡觉 。
·prefer A to B 比起 B,更喜欢 A (A 和 B 形式要一致,可为名词/动名词 )
e.g. She prefers cats to dogs. 比起狗,她更喜欢猫 。
He prefers singing to dancing. 比起跳舞,他更喜欢唱歌 。
·prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做某事,而不愿做某事
e.g. I prefer to walk to school rather than take a bus. 我宁愿走路去学校,也不愿坐公交 。
【及时练习】1) I prefer __B___ up early so that I can have enough time to read English.
A. get B. to get C. getting D. gets
2) —Let’s play basketball outside, Tony!
—I prefer __A___ at home rather than _____ basketball. It’s too hot.
A. to stay; play B. to stay; to play C. stay; playing
3. We both have fun staying active and eating well. 我们都很喜欢保持活跃和吃得好。 (教材P49 Activity 2)
1) both 的用法:
·both + 复数名词(作定语,修饰名词 )
e.g. Both books are interesting. 两本书都很有趣 。
·both of + the/these/those/ 物主代词 + 复数名词(“…… 中的两者都” ,of 后接限定词 + 复数名词 )
e.g. Both of my parents are teachers. 我的父母都是老师 。
·主语 + both(作主语同位语,放实义动词前、be 动词 / 助动词 / 情态动词后,强调 “两者都……” )
e.g. They both like sports. 他们俩都喜欢运动 。
We are both happy. 我们俩都开心 。
·both... and...(连接两个并列成分,如名词、动词、形容词等,表 “既…… 又……;两者都……” ,连接主语时,谓语动词用复数)
e.g. Both Tom and Jerry _____are_____ (be) in the classroom. 汤姆和杰瑞都在教室里 。
2) have fun + doing sth. “从做某事中获得乐趣”, 与“enjoy + doing sth.”同义。
3) stay active 保持活跃; 继续活动
【及时练习】It is fun ____C____ computer games. They have fun ________ them every day.
A. to play; to play B. playing; plays C. to play; playing D. playing; to play
【详解】句意:玩电脑游戏很有趣。他们每天都玩得很开心。
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,第一空所在句为固定句型"It is+adj.+to do sth.",表示“做某事是……的”,其中it为形式主语,动词不定式为真正的主语,所以第一空应填to play;第二空所在句为固定短语“have fun (in)doing sth.”,表示“做某事很开心”,所以第二空应填playing。故选C。
4. Though we choose different sports and foods, we both care about being healthy. 虽然我们选择的运动和食物不同,但我们都同样注重保持健康。(教材P49 Activity 2)
though 意为 “虽然;尽管” ,引导让步状语从句,,可与although互换。
e.g. Though it rains heavily, we still go to school on time. 尽管雨下得很大,我们还是按时上学 。
She works hard though she is very tired. 尽管她很累, 她还是努力工作 。
注意:“though” 引导从句时,可和 “but” 连用时吗?
不可以!英语里 though/although (尽管) 和 but (但是)不能同时使用在一个句子中, 因为though引导让步状语从句, 而but连接的是并列句。
拓展:though还可作副词,意为“不过,可是,然而”,通常用于句末进行补充说明,使语气变弱,前面用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。
E.g. Tom said that he would come. He didn't, though. 汤姆说他会来。可是他没来。
【及时练习】判断正误:(打× 或√)
Though he is poor, but he is happy. ( × )
Though he is poor, he is happy. / He is poor, but he is happy. ( √ )
Wrapping Up the Topic
Project & Review
1. Chinese cooking focuses on color, smell and taste. 中国烹饪注重色、香、味。(教材P52 Activity 1)
1) focus on “集中于; 专注于; 注重”, 主语可以是人(表示 “人专注于……”) 或物(表示 “事物的重点在于……”)。后接名词/代词/动名词作宾语。也可用focus upon 表达。
e.g. She focuses on her study every day. 她每天专注于学习。
This course focuses on practical skills. 这门课程注重实用技能。
拓展:focus还可作名词,意为“中心点(指人或事物);关注;(眼睛或镜头的)焦点,焦距”。
E.g. It is the main focus of the meeting. 这是会议的主要焦点。
When I got glasses, the whole world came into focus. 我一戴上眼镜,眼前的整个世界清晰了。
2) 感官词:smell & taste 作名词:表示 “感官相关的抽象概念”
smell “气味;嗅觉”
e.g. The smell of flowers fills the room. 房间里充满了花香。
拓展:have a good sense of smell 嗅觉灵敏
taste “味道;味觉”
e.g. This soup has a salty taste. 这汤有咸味。
拓展:have a sweet tooth/taste 喜欢甜食
感官词:smell & taste 作系动词:表示 “通过感官感知的状态”,
后接形容词作表语(无被动语态,不用于进行时)。
smell “闻起来……” taste “尝起来……”
e.g. The apple tastes sweet. 这苹果尝起来很甜。
拓展:类似感官系动词还有 look 看起来…, sound 听起来…, feel 摸起来…。
【及时练习】1) You ____B____ use your phone in class because you need to focus on ________.
A. can; learn B. can’t; learning C. mustn’t; learn
2) Luosifen is popular among young people. Although it smells quite terrible, it actually ___A___ delicious.
A. tastes B. looks C. smells D. feels
3) These flowers smell ____D____. I want to buy them for my mother.
A. well B. bad C. nicely D. nice
【详解】 3)题中 "smell" 是感官系动词,其后需要接形容词作表语,构成 “主系表” 结构,说明主语的性质或状态。A. well:作形容词时仅表示 “健康的”,此处不符合语境;作副词时表示 “好地”,不能跟在系动词后作表语。B. bad:是形容词,意为 “糟糕的”,逻辑不符。C. nicely:是副词,意为 “友好地;令人满意地”,不能跟在系动词后作表语。D. nice:是形容词,意为 “宜人的;美好的”,可修饰气味,符合 “花朵闻起来很香,所以想买给妈妈” 的语境,且能正确作系动词 "smell" 的表语。
2. They use sauces to make foods taste better, and potatoes are often served as the main food. 他们用酱料让食物尝起来更美味,而土豆常被当作主食供应。 (教材P52 Activity 1)
1) use... to do sth. “使用…… 去做某事”
拓展短语:use sth. for doing sth.与 use... to do sth. 同义,意为 “用某物做某事”(for后接动名词)。
e.g. We use knives to cut things. = We use knives for ____cutting_____ things. 我们用刀切割东西。
注意:be used to do sth. 被动语态,意为 “某物被用来做某事”。
e.g. Wood is used to make paper. 木材被用来造纸。
2)serve,动词,意为“端上(饭菜);接待;服务”。be served as “被当作…… 供应 / 使用;被用作……”
E.g. She served the cake to her friends at the birthday party.
生日派对上,她把蛋糕端给了朋友们。
拓展短语:serve as 主动语态,意为 “担任;用作”(主语可为人或物)。
e.g. This room serves as a study. 这个房间用作书房。
【及时练习】有时可乐作为软饮料送上餐桌。
Sometimes cola is ___served as___ a soft drink at the dinner table.
3. So, try to smile at yourself and the people around you. 所以,试着对自己和周围的人微笑吧。 (教材P52 Activity 2)
smile at意为“冲······笑”。此时smile在这里作动词,意为“微笑;笑”。
E.g. She smiled at him and he smiled back. 她冲他笑笑,他也冲她笑笑。
拓展:smile作动词时的其他短语
smile on sb/sth 有利于;垂青;带来好运 smile with/in sth 带着....微笑
E.g. If luck smiles on you, it means you are easy to succeed.
如果好运垂青于你,这就意味着你很容易成功。
He smiled with relief. 他宽慰地笑了笑。
链接: smile还可作名词,意为“微笑;笑容”。
E.g. He said with a smile. 他笑着说道。
【及时练习】她转过身对着我笑。
She turned around and smiled at me.
4. Love your classes, and you can do a great job. 喜欢上你的课程,你就能做得好。 (教材P52 Activity 2)
do a great job意为“做得好”,相当于well done.
E.g. You cleaned the room. You did a great job/Well done! 你打扫了房间。干得好!
拓展: job的相关短语
job as (+a/an) +职业 做......工作 out of a job 失业 get/find/look for a job 找工作
e.g. She was out a job last year. 她去年失业了。
He's trying to get a job. 他正在找工作。
5. To be in a hurry can make you mad easily.焦急极易使你生气。 (教材P52 Activity 2)
1) hurry,名词,意为“匆忙;急忙”。in a hurry 意为“迅速;赶快;仓促;匆忙”。
E.g. He had to leave in a hurry. 他不得不迅速离开。
归纳: hurry作名词时的相关短语
in a hurry to do sth. 急于做某事
in no hurry (to do sth) = not in a/any hurry (to do sth.) 不着急做某事
e.g. My son is in a hurry to grow up. 我儿子恨不得一下子长大。
We were in no hurry to get back to work. 我们不着急回去工作。
拓展:hurry还可作为动词,意为“赶快,匆忙,急忙(做某事)”。
常用短语:hurry to do sth. 急忙做某事 hurry up (with sth) 赶快,急忙
E.g. Lili hurried to open the box. 丽丽急忙打开了箱子。
Hurry up! We are going to be late. 赶快!我们快迟到了。
Hurry up with the scissors. I need them. 快点用剪刀。我需要用。
2)mad,形容词,意为“很生气;气愤;疯的;神经错乱的”。
make sb. mad意为“使某人很生气”。
E.g. Too much noise makes me mad. 太多的噪声使我很生气。
拓展: mad的相关短语
go mad 发疯 get mad 很生气 be mad about sb./sth. 痴迷;迷恋
be mad at/with sb. (for doing sth.) 因某人(做某事)而气愤
E.g. I will go mad if I have to wait much longer. 如果还要等更久的话我会发疯的。
He got mad and walked out. 他大动肝火,愤然离去。
She is mad about kids. 她很喜欢孩子。
She is mad at me for being late. 我迟到了,她非常气愤。
【及时练习】—I don’t know why he left ____A____ without any word.
—Oh, he has an important meeting to take part in.
A. in a hurry B. in surprise C. in all D. in need
6. It started in 2004 when a group of friends wanted to have a running event in London, England. 它始于2004年,当时一群朋友想在英国伦敦举办一场跑步比赛。 (教材P53 Activity 4)
a group of意为“一群”,用于描述集合概念.后接复数名词或代词,group在这里作名词。
当group of+复数名词”作主语时,用法如下:
强调整体,谓语动词用单数;强调个体,谓语动词用复数。
e.g. A group of students is playing on the playground.(强调整体)一群学生正在操场上玩耍。
In the morning, a group of people do exercise in the park.(强调个体)早上,一群人在公园里做运动。
归纳: group作名词时的相关短语
in groups 成群 in a group 在组内容
E.g. They stand there in groups. 他们成群地站在那儿。
There are fifteen of us in the group. 我们组内有十五个人。
拓展: group还可作动词,意为“(使)成群,成组,聚集”。
E.g. The children grouped themselves around their teacher. 孩子们聚集在老师周围
【及时练习】A group of actors ___C____ rehearsing a play called Romeo and Juliet.
A. am B. is C. are
7. Parkrun welcomes everyone, no matter how fast or slow they are. “公园跑” 欢迎每一个人,无论他们跑得快慢。 (教材P53 Activity 4)
no matter how 连词短语,意为 “无论怎样;不管如何”,用于引导让步状语从句。
no matter how 引导的让步状语从句可与 “however + 形容词 / 副词” 转换:
e.g. No matter how hard he works, he never complains.
= ____However___ hard he works, he never complains.
无论他工作多努力, 他从不抱怨。
拓展:“no matter + 疑问词” 系列
短语
含义
例句
no matter what
= whatever
无论什么
No matter what you say, I won’t give up.
无论你说什么,我都不会放弃。
no matter who
= whoever
无论谁
No matter who comes, we’ll welcome them.
无论谁来,我们都会欢迎。
no matter where
= wherever
无论哪里
No matter where you go, I’ll miss you.
无论你去哪里,我都会想你。
no matter when
= whenever
无论何时
No matter when you call, I’ll answer.
无论你何时打电话,我都会接。
单元语法
Prefix 前缀
一、概念:前缀是加在单词开头的词缀(affix),改变、限制或加强原词的含义,但不改变原词的词类。
二、用法特点:
·改变词义:
e.g. happy (adj. 开心的) + un- → unhappy (adj. 不开心的)
smoker (n. 吸烟者) + non- → nonsmoker (n. 不吸烟者)
·拼写规则:前缀与原词结合时,一般不改变原词的拼写
e.g. possible (adj. 可能的) + im- → impossible (adj. 不可能的)
·语境区分:同一前缀可能有多种含义,需结合语境判断。
e.g. un- 既可表否定(unhappy),也可表逆转动作(unlock 解锁)。
三、常见前缀分类及用法(按语义功能)
1. 否定前缀(表示 “不、非、无”)最常用的一类, 用于否定原词的含义。
前缀
含义
常见搭配
(原词→派生词)
例句
un-
强烈否定, 常带贬义 “不/非”
healthy → unhealthy (不健康的)
happy → unhappy (不开心的)
Eating junk food is unhealthy.
non-
中性否定,仅表示“无/非”
smoker → nonsmoker (不吸烟者)
stop → nonstop (不停的)
He took a nonstop train to Shanghai.
dis-
表示相反/剥夺 “不、相反”
agree → disagree (不同意)
like → dislike (不喜欢)
She disagrees with this plan.
in-
不(常用于除r、l、b、m、p以外的其他字母开头的单词)
correct → incorrect (不正确的)
direct → indirect (间接的)
It’s incorrect to
lie to(撒谎) your parents.
im-
不(用于以 p/b/m 开头的词,避免发音困难)
possible → impossible (不可能的)
polite → impolite (不礼貌的)
It’s impossible to finish it in 5 minutes(5分钟内).
mis-
错误地(把原本正确的动作变成错误的行为)
place → misplace (放错)
understand → misunderstand (误解)
I often misplace my keys.
2. 反义前缀(表示 “相反动作”)主要用于动词,表达与原词相反的动作。
前缀
含义
常见搭配
(原词→派生词)
例句
un-
逆转动作
lock → unlock(解锁)
do → undo(解开)
cover 覆盖 → uncover 揭开
He unlocked the door with a key.
他用钥匙打开了门。
dis-
相反动作
appear 出现→ disappear 消失
The sun disappeared behind a cloud.
太阳消失在云层后
3. 程度前缀(表示 “过度、不足、半”)
前缀
含义
常见搭配
(原词→派生词)
例句
over-
过度、超过
work → overwork(过度工作)
eat → overeat(暴饮暴食)
Overworking is bad for health.
under-
不足、低于
estimate → underestimate(低估)
pay → underpay(少付工资)
Don’t underestimate his ability(能力).
semi-
半
circle → semicircle(半圆)
final → semifinal(半决赛)
The playground has a semicircle track(轨道).
4. 态度前缀(表示 “支持、反对”)
前缀
含义
常见搭配
(原词→派生词)
例句
pro-
支持、亲
America → pro-American(亲美的)
progress → progressive(进步的)
He holds pro-environment views.
他持有支持环境的观点。
anti-
反对、抗
virus → antivirus(抗病毒的)
war → antiwar(反战的)
This medicine is antivirus.
这种药是抗病毒的。
5. 时间 / 位置前缀(表示 “前、后、超”)
前缀
含义
常见搭配
(原词→派生词)
例句
pre-
在… 之前
view → preview(预习)
war → prewar(战前的)
Preview the text before class.
post-
在…之后
war → postwar(战后的)
graduate → postgraduate(研究生)
Postwar life was hard for them.
super-
超过, 超级
man → superman(超人)
market → supermarket (超市)
We often shop in the supermarket.
need to do / don’t need to do / needn’t do
一、 need 作为实义动词(Main Verb)
need 作实义动词时,强调 “主观 / 客观需要”,有人称、数和时态变化,需接 to do 或名词。
1. 基本结构与含义
形式
结构
含义
肯定句
主语 + need to do sth.
某人需要做某事
否定句
主语 +don’t/doesn’t/didn’t need to do sth.
某人不需要做某事
疑问句
—Do/Does/Did + 主语 + need to do sth.?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+do/does/did.
否定回答:No, 主语+don’t/doesn’t/didn’t.
某人需要做某事吗?
2. 例句
·肯定:I need to study for the math test. 我需要为数学考试复习。
·否定:She doesn’t need to come to the party—she’s busy. 她不需要来派对,她很忙。
·疑问:Do you need to call your parents before leaving? 你离开前需要给父母打电话吗?
3. 拓展
·接名词:need 后可直接跟名词(无需 to), 表“需要某物”。
e.g. I need a cup of coffee. 我需要一杯咖啡。
·时态变化:第三人称单数用needs; 过去式用 needed。
二、need 作为情态动词(Modal Verb)
need 作情态动词时,强调 “不必 / 建议”,无人称和数的变化,仅用于否定句和疑问句,接动词原形。
1. 基本结构与含义
形式
结构
含义
否定句
主语 + needn’t do sth.
某人不必做某事(语气委婉)
疑问句
—Need + 主语 + do sth.?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + must.
否定回答:No, 主语 + needn’t.
某人需要做某事吗?(正式语境)
2. 例句
·否定:You needn’t wait for me—I’ll take a taxi. 你不必等我,我打车走。
·疑问:—Need I bring my textbook tomorrow? 我明天需要带课本吗?
—Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t. 是的, 你需要。/ 不, 你不需要。
3. 拓展
·同义替换:needn’t ≈ don’t have to(但 needn’t 更强调 “无需”,don’t/doesn’t have to 强调 “没必要”)。
e.g. You needn’t/don’t have to pay for me—I’ll get it. 你不必为我付钱,我来买单。
三、核心区别对比
维度
实义动词(need to do)
情态动词(needn’t do)
结构
接 to do(如:need to study)
接动词原形(如:needn’t study)
否定形式
don’t/doesn’t/didn’t need to do
needn’t do
疑问形式
—Do/Does/Did... need to do?
—Yes, ... do/does/did.
—No, ...don’t/doesn’t/didn’t.
—Need... do?
—Yes, ... must.
—No, ...needn’t.
人称变化
有(he needs,she needed)
无(所有人称都用 need)
常用场景
日常交流(主观 / 客观需要)
正式语境(强调 “不必” 或书面语)
四、易混拓展:need doing 结构
实义动词 need 还有特殊用法: need doing = need to be done “某物需要被……”, 主动形式表被动含义。
e.g. The bike needs repairing. (= The bike needs to be repaired. ) 这辆自行车需要修理。
The room needs cleaning—there’s dust everywhere. 房间需要打扫,到处都是灰尘。
语法知识点小测:
1、 选词填空(need的用法)。
need needs needed needn't don't need to doesn't need to
1. You _________ worry about me. I can take care of myself.
1. She _________ finish the work today. Tomorrow is also OK.
1. —_________ we hand in the homework now? —No, you _________. You can do it after lunch.
1. My brother _________ a new pair of sports shoes because his old ones are broken.
1. They _________ stay up late last night because the test was put off.
【答案与详解】
1. needn't
详解:句意 “你不必担心我,我能照顾自己”。此处表 “不必”,need 作情态动词,否定形式为 needn't,后接动词原形。
1. doesn't need to
详解:句意 “她不需要今天完成工作,明天也可以”。主语 she 是第三人称单数,need 作实义动词,否定形式用 doesn't need to,后接动词原形。
1. Need;needn't
详解:问句 “我们需要现在交作业吗?”,need 作情态动词用于疑问句,结构为 “Need + 主语 + do?”;答句 “不,不必”,情态动词否定用 needn't。
1. needs
详解:句意 “我弟弟需要一双新运动鞋,因为他的旧鞋破了”。need 作实义动词,主语 my brother 是第三人称单数,用 needs,后接名词(a new pair of sports shoes)。
1. didn't need to
详解:句意 “他们昨晚不需要熬夜,因为考试推迟了”。根据 “last night” 可知用过去时,need 作实义动词,否定形式为 didn't need to。
二、单项选择(词汇辨析)。
( ) 1. There is _______ sugar in the drink. It's bad for your teeth.
A. too much B. too many C. much too
( ) 2. The old man lives _______ in the village, but he never feels _______.
A. alone;lonely B. lonely;alone C. alone;alone
( ) 3. —I have a _______ throat. I can't speak loudly.
—You should drink more hot water.
A. hurt B. sore C. ache
( ) 4. My mother _______ 2 hours cooking dinner every day.
A. takes B. pays C. spends
( ) 5. It's _______ to go to bed early and get up early. It's good for health.
A. correct B. incorrect C. impossible
( ) 6. Eating _______ vegetables and _______ junk food can help you stay fit.
A. more;fewer B. more;less C. many;little
( ) 7. —How do you _______ with your parents when you have problems?
—I always talk to them openly.
A. communicate B. agree C. disagree
( ) 8. The soup _______ delicious. Would you like some?
A. feels B. smells C. tastes
( ) 9. _______ it rained heavily, we still went to the park to do exercise.
A. But B. Though C. Because
( ) 10. You should _______ from smoking if you want to keep healthy.
A. stay away B. get through C. focus on
【答案与详解】
1. A
详解:sugar 是不可数名词,“too much” 修饰不可数名词,表 “太多”;“too many” 修饰可数名词复数;“much too” 修饰形容词 / 副词。故选 A。
1. A
详解:alone 作副词 “独自地”,修饰动词 lives;lonely 作形容词 “孤独的”,表情感,修饰 feels。句意 “老人独自住在村里,但从不感到孤独”。故选 A。
1. B
详解:“喉咙痛” 固定表达为 “sore throat”,sore 为形容词,修饰身体部位表 “酸痛 / 发炎”;hurt 是动词;ache 作名词需搭配 “have a + 部位 + ache”。故选 B。
1. C
详解:“spend + 时间 + doing sth.” 表 “花费时间做某事”,主语是人;take 常用 “it takes sb.+ 时间 + to do”;pay 搭配 “pay for”。故选 C。
1. A
详解:correct “正确的”;incorrect “不正确的”;impossible “不可能的”。句意 “早睡早起是正确的,对健康有益”。故选 A。
1. B
详解:vegetables 是可数名词复数,用 more(many 的比较级);junk food 是不可数名词,用 less(little 的比较级)。句意 “多吃蔬菜、少吃垃圾食品能帮你保持健康”。故选 B。
1. A
详解:communicate with“与…… 交流”;agree with “同意”;disagree with “不同意”。句意 “有问题时你如何与父母交流?”。故选 A。
1. C
详解:tastes “尝起来”;feels “摸起来”;smells “闻起来”。句意 “汤尝起来很美味”,由 “Would you like some” 可知是品尝后的感受。故选 C。
1. B
详解:though “尽管”,引导让步状语从句,与 but 不能连用;because “因为” 表原因。句意 “尽管雨下得大,我们还是去公园锻炼了”。故选 B。
1. A
详解:stay away from “远离”;get through “度过”;focus on “专注于”。句意 “想保持健康就应远离吸烟”。故选 A。
三、完成译句 (根据汉语提示,完成下列句子,每空一词。)
1. 为了保持健康,我们应该每天做运动。
_______ _______ _______ keep healthy, we should exercise every day.
1. 太多的屏幕时间对眼睛有害。
Too much screen time _______ _______ _______ your eyes.
1. 她通过听音乐来放松心情。
She _______ _______ _______ by listening to music.
1. 确保你睡前喝一杯牛奶。
_______ _______ _______ drink a glass of milk before going to bed.
1. 这个男孩足够强壮,能搬动这个箱子。
The boy is _______ _______ _______ carry the box.
1. 我们应该学会与父母多交流。
We should learn to _______ _______ our parents more.
1. 他花了一个小时做眼保健操。
He _______ an hour _______ eye exercises.
1. 不要空腹做运动,这对你的健康不好。
Don't do sports _______ _______ _______. It's bad for your health.
1. 保持积极的心态对我们的学习有好处。
_______ _______ has amazing benefits for our study.
1. 如果你想减肥,你应该远离垃圾食品。
If you want to lose weight, you should _______ _______ _______ junk food.
【答案与详解】
1. In order to
详解:“为了” 固定短语为 in order to,后接动词原形,表目的。
1. is bad for
详解:“对…… 有害” 固定短语为 be bad for,主语是不可数名词短语,be 动词用 is。
1. relaxes her mind
详解:“放松心情” 为 relax one's mind,主语 she 是第三人称单数,动词用 relaxes。
1. Make sure to
详解:“确保做某事” 固定短语为 make sure to do sth.,句首首字母大写。
1. strong enough to
详解:“足够…… 去做某事” 结构为 “形容词 + enough+to do”,“强壮的” 为 strong。
1. communicate with
详解:“与…… 交流” 固定短语为 communicate with,learn to 后接动词原形。
1. spent;doing
详解:“花费时间做某事” 用 “spend + 时间 + doing sth.”,由句意可知用过去式 spent;“做眼保健操” 为 do eye exercises,do 用动名词 doing。
1. with an empty stomach
详解:“空腹” 固定表达为 with an empty stomach,介词短语作状语。
1. Staying positive
详解:“保持积极心态” 为 stay positive,动名词短语作主语,首字母大写。
1. stay away from
详解:“远离” 固定短语为 stay away from,情态动词 should 后接动词原形。
四、完形填空
(A)
Doing exercise is important for a healthy body. I like running very much. Every morning, I get up early and go running in the park. I 1 run for 30 minutes. It makes me feel 2 and full of energy.
My friend Tom likes playing basketball. He says playing basketball helps him 3 strong. We often exercise together on weekends. Sometimes we play badminton. 4 exercising, we always take care of our safety. We wear sports shoes and never run too fast.
Exercise is good for us 5 many ways. Let's keep exercising every day!
( ) 1. A. never B. usually C. hardly
( ) 2. A. relaxed B. relaxing C. relax
( ) 3. A. build B. built C. building
( ) 4. A. When B. Before C. After
( ) 5. A. on B. in C. at
【答案与详解 】(A)
1. B
详解:句意 “我通常跑 30 分钟”。usually “通常” 符合语境;never “从不”、hardly “几乎不” 与 “喜欢跑步” 矛盾。
1. A
详解:feel 后接形容词,relaxed “感到放松的” 修饰人;relaxing “令人放松的” 修饰物;relax 是动词。此处指 “我感到放松”,故选 A。
1. A
详解:“help sb. do sth.” 为固定结构,意为 “帮助某人做某事”,故选动词原形 build。
1. A
详解:句意 “运动时,我们总是注意安全”。when“当…… 时” 符合语境;before“在…… 前”、after“在…… 后” 不符合逻辑。
1. B
详解:“in many ways” 为固定短语,意为 “在很多方面”,故选 B。
(B)
Healthy eating is important for students. For breakfast, I always have milk, eggs and bread. They give me 1 for the morning study. My mother says I shouldn't eat too much junk food, 2 it's bad for my health.
I like vegetables and fruit. Carrots and apples are my favorite. My teacher tells us "An apple a day keeps the doctor away". It means eating fruit helps us 3 healthy.
At school, the cafeteria offers healthy food. I often have rice and fish for lunch. Fish is good 4_ our brain. I never eat too much for dinner because eating too much at night makes me 5 .
( ) 1. A. energy B. time C. money
( ) 2. A. so B. because C. but
( ) 3. A. keep B. keeps C. kept
( ) 4. A. to B. with C. for
( ) 5. A. comfortable B. uncomfortable C. relaxed
【答案与详解 】(B)
1. A
详解:句意 “它们给我早上学习的能量”。energy “能量” 符合语境;time “时间”、money “金钱” 与 “早餐提供的” 无关。
1. B
详解:句意 “妈妈说我不该吃太多垃圾食品,因为它对健康有害”。because 表原因,符合逻辑;so “所以” 表结果;but “但是” 表转折。
1. A
详解:“help sb. do sth.” 固定结构,意为 “帮助某人做某事”,故选动词原形 keep。
1. C
详解:“be good for” 为固定短语,意为 “对…… 有好处”,句意 “鱼对我们的大脑有好处”。
1. B
详解:句意 “我晚餐从不吃太多,因为晚上吃太多让我不舒服”。uncomfortable “不舒服的” 符合语境;comfortable “舒服的”、relaxed “放松的” 与句意矛盾。
五、短文填空
阅读下面短文,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空或填入一个适当的词。
A healthy lifestyle is important for everyone. 1. __________ (keep) healthy, we need to have good habits.
First, we should eat well. We should eat more vegetables and fruit, and eat 2. __________ (little) junk food. Breakfast is very important, so we must have it every morning. A good breakfast gives us enough energy
3. __________ the morning.
Second, doing exercise is necessary. 4. __________ (exercise) can help us build a strong body. We can choose our favorite sports, such as running, swimming or playing basketball. We should exercise for at least 30 minutes every day.
Third, we need enough sleep. Staying up late 5. __________ (be) bad for our health. We should go to bed early and get up early.
Fourth, we should stay positive. When we feel sad, we can 6. _____________ (communication) with our parents or friends. Talking to them can help us 7. __________ (get) through difficult moments.
Finally, we must stay away 8. __________ bad habits like smoking or drinking. These habits 9. __________ (do) harm to our health.
In a word, a healthy lifestyle helps us live 10. __________ happy life. Let's start now!
【答案与详解】
1. To keep
详解:此处表目的,用动词不定式 “To keep”,句首首字母大写。
1. less
详解:句意 “吃更少的垃圾食品”,little 的比较级为 less,与前文 “more vegetables” 对应。
1. for
详解:“for the morning” 表 “为了早上(的活动)”,介词 for 表对象。
1. Exercising
详解:动名词作主语,exercise 的动名词形式为 Exercising,句首首字母大写。
1. is
详解:动名词短语 “Staying up late” 作主语,谓语动词用单数 is。
1. communicate
详解:情态动词 can 后接动词原形,communication 的动词形式为 communicate。
1. get
详解:“help sb. do sth.” 固定结构,用动词原形 get。
1. from
详解:“stay away from” 为固定短语,意为 “远离”。
1. do
详解:句意 “这些习惯对健康有害”,“do harm to” 为固定短语,主语是复数,用原形 do。
1. a
详解:“live a happy life” 为固定短语,意为 “过幸福的生活”,happy 以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词 a。
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
新仁爱八上 Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 单元知识梳理(练习版)
Preparing for the Topic
Listening & Speaking
1. I just took my temperature. 我刚量了体温。 (教材P38 Activity 1 B)
temperature,名词,意为“体温”。 take one’s temperature 意为“量体温”。
E. g. He is in bed with a temperature of 40℃. 他卧病在床,高烧40摄氏度。
Let me take your temperature. 让我来量一下你的体温。
注意: have a temperature=have a fever,意为“发烧”。
拓展: temperature还可意为“温度;气温”。
常构成的短语有:high/low temperatures 高温/低温 cold/warm temperatures 寒冷的/温暖的气温
a drop/rise in temperature 气温下降/升高 at a very high temperature 在很高的温度下
【即时练习】 1) Mary, ________ your temperature.
A. take B. takes C. taking
2) You have a cold. Let me ________ your temperature.
A. take B. to take C. eat D. had
2. I have a fever. 我发烧了。 (教材P38 Activity 1 B)
fever,名词,意为“发烧;发热”。
have a fever意为“发烧”,此时have意为“患病;得病;染病”,不用于进行时态。
E.g. I had a fever yesterday. 昨天我发烧了。
注意: 表示“高烧”用high,表示“低烧”用low。
拓展: fever的相关短语: catch a fever 发烧 reduce the fever 退烧
E.g. Aspirin should help reduce the fever. 阿司匹林应该可以退烧。
归纳: 表达疼痛的常用结构①:have a + 身体部位 + ache, 意为“患了······病”
ache /eɪk/ n. (身体某部位的)疼痛
含义:ache一般指持续的、隐隐约约的疼痛,常和身体部位组成复合词,
have a stomachache 胃痛 have a headache头痛 have a cold感冒
have a toothache牙痛 have the flu患流感 have a sore throat咽喉痛
have a cough咳嗽 have a backache背痛
e.g. I have a stomachache and I don't feel like eating anything. 我肚子痛,什么都不想吃。
表达疼痛的常用结构②:have a sore + 身体部位
sore /sɔː(r)/ adj. 疼痛的,酸痛的 n. 疮;痛处
含义:sore主要指由于发炎而引起的肌肉或身体某部位的疼痛,常作定语,修饰身体部位,
如 sore throat(嗓子痛)、sore back(背痛)、sore eyes(眼镜痛)。另外,sore还可以表示一碰就疼的、酸痛的。
e.g. I have a sore throat and it really hurts when I swallow. 我嗓子痛,吞咽的时候真的很疼。
My legs are still sore from yesterday's workout. 我的腿因为昨天的锻炼还酸痛着呢。
注意: have the flu意为“患流感”,短语中用定冠词the。
【即时练习】 1) 我好像发烧了,头好热 。(完成译句)
I think I _____________ — my head feels hot.
2) Your temperature is 39℃. You ________. Go to the doctor now.
A. have a cough B. have a headache C. have a fever
3. I need to take some cough medicine. 我需要吃些咳嗽药。 (教材P38 Activity 1 B)
1)cough,名词,意为“咳嗽;咳嗽声;咳嗽病”。cough medicine 意为“咳嗽药”。
E.g. You have a bad cough. You need to take some cough medicine. 你咳嗽严重,你需要吃些咳嗽药。
拓展: ① have a dry cough意为“干咳”。② cough还可作动词,意为“咳嗽”。
E.g. I couldn't stop coughing. 我咳嗽不止。
2)medicine,不可数名词,意为“药;药物;(尤指)药水”。
take some medicine 意为“吃药”,其中some 也可用形容词性物主代词或定冠词the替换。
注意: 表示“吃药”时,动词一般用take,不用eat。
E.g. —Did you take your medicine? 你吃过药了吗?
—Yes,I did. 是的,我吃过了。
拓展:medicine在特指某种药时,可作可数名词。意为“医学;医疗”时,是不可数名词。
Chinese herbal medicines(作可数名词)中草药
study/practice medicine(作不可数名词)学医;行医
E.g. Acupuncture has long been a part of traditional Chinese medicine.
针灸长期以来一直是传统中医的一部分。
【即时练习】 1) I have a cold. I need to take some ________.
A. medicine B. pancake C. porridge D. onion
2) —What’s _______ matter with you? —I have ______ cough.
A. the; the B. the; a C. a; an D. an; an
4. He is coughing and losing his voice. 他一直咳嗽,而且失声了。 (教材P38 Activity 1 B)
lose one’s voice 意为“失声;嗓子哑”。此时voice在这里作名词,意为“嗓音;说话声”。
E.g. Tom lost his voice. 汤姆失声了。
拓展: in a...voice意为“用一种······的嗓音”。
in a low voice 低声地 in a small voice 小声地
in a loud voice 大声地 in a soft voice 轻柔地 in a deep voice 低沉地
E.g. "I promise," she said in a small voice. “我保证。”她小声地说。
【即时练习】 Speak in a ________ voice. The baby is sleeping.
A. soft B. loud C. low D. high
5. She needs to see the dentist. 她需要去看牙医。 (教材P38 Activity 1 B)
see the dentist意为“看牙医”,还可用see a dentist表达。
E.g. Jane has a toothache. She needs to see the dentist. 简牙痛,她需要去看牙医。
辨析: dentist和dentist’s
单词
意思
使用场景
用法
dentist
牙医(职业或人)
指牙医本人或职业
go to the dentist 去看牙医
dentist's
牙医的诊所(地点)
强调具体场所,而非治疗行为。
at the dentist's 在牙医诊所
go to the dentist's 去牙医诊所
注意: 无论是dentist’s还是dentist,都必须有冠词。
E.g. I hate going to the dentist. 我讨厌去看牙医。
I need to go to the dentist's. 我需要去牙医诊所。
【即时练习】—What’s the matter with you? —I have a _______. I have to see the dentist.
A. toothache B. sore throat C. cold D. headache
6. What's wrong with you? 你怎么了? (教材P38 Activity 1 C)
“What’s wrong (with sb.)?”,一般用于询问疾病、意外伤害等,也可用来询问某人生气或不高兴的原因。
归纳: 类似的表达还有:
What happened (to sb.) ? Is there anything worng (with...)?
What’s the trouble (with...)? What’s the matter (with sb.)?
E.g. What's the trouble/matter with her? 她怎么了?
Is there anything wrong with your head? 你的头不舒服吗?
注意: “What’s wrong(with sb.)?”中 wrong 前没有the,因为wrong为形容词。
“What’s the matter(with sb.)?”中matter前要加the,因为matter为名词。
What’s the wrong with you?( × )
链接: “What’s up(with sb.)?”用于口语中,尤指出现异常或不愉快的事,意为“怎么了?”,
相当于“What’s the matter?”。
E.g. —What’s up with him?他怎么了?
—He is so angry. 他非常生气。
【即时练习】 1) —______ with your brother? —He has a headache.
A. What's matter B. What's wrong C. What wrong is
2) —What’s the matter ________ you? —I have a cold.
A. for B. with C. at D. on
7. I'm sorry to hear that. You need to see a doctor. 听到这个消息我很难过。你需要去看医生。 (教材P38 Activity 1 C)
1)“I’m sorry+动词不定式”或“I’m sorry+that从句”是一种委婉表达,可以表达做错某事的歉意,还可表达听到不好的消息及不愉快的事情时的关心、遗憾、惋惜或难过。
E.g. —I have a headache. 我头痛。
—I'm sorry to hear that. 听到这个消息我很难过。
I'm sorry to be late. 对不起,我迟到了。
I'm sorry (that) you are ill. 你生病了,我感到很难过。
拓展: 如果听到的是好消息,可用“I am so glad to hear that.”表达。
2)see a doctor意为“看医生”,还可用see the doctor表达。
E.g. You need to see a doctor now. 你现在需要去看医生。
【即时练习】—I’m feeling terrible! I have a cold and a fever. —________
A. I hope so. B. Sounds great. C. I’m sorry to hear that. D. Never mind.
8. stay away from phone games 远离手机游戏 (教材P39 Activity 2)
stay away from...意为“远离······”,可与keep away from...和be away from...互换。
E.g. Kangkang promised to stay away from phone games.
= Kangkang promised to keep/be away from phone gamnes. 康康承诺远离手机游戏
【即时练习】为了保持健康,我们应该远离过多的盐和油(oil)。(完成译句)
To keep healthy, we should _________________ too much salt and oil.
Function
1. Does it hurt? 疼吗? (教材P40 Activity 1)
hurt v. (使)疼痛,受伤 过去式:hurt 指身体或情感上的疼痛,强调动作或感觉。
可作及物动词(后接宾语)或不及物动词。
e.g. The cut on my finger hurts. 我的手指割伤了,很疼。
辨析:hurt, pain, ache 与 sore
词汇
词性
疼痛特点
常用搭配
例句
hurt
动词
临时/强烈疼痛
sth. hurts;
hurt oneself
My foot hurts when I walk.
我走路时脚疼。
pain
名词
抽象/具体疼痛
have pain in
+ 部位
He has chest pain. 他胸痛。
ache
名词/动词
持续/隐隐作痛
部位+ ache
I have an ache in my stomache. =I have a stomachache我胃疼。
sore
形容词
酸痛/发炎
sore + 部位
She has a sore arm.
她胳膊酸痛。
【即时练习】.选词填空(hurt/pain/ache/sore)
1) My head ________. I think I have a fever. (ache v. My head aches.= I have a headache.)
2) The doctor asked about my ________ in the stomach. (pain n. + in +部位)
3) After playing basketball, my legs feel ________. (sore adj. “酸痛”, 作表语)
4) Be careful! Don't ________ yourself with the knife. (hurt oneself 伤到自己)
5) She has a ________ throat, so she can't speak loudly. (sore throat 喉咙痛(发炎) )
2. I feel very sick and have a stomachache. 我觉得很不舒服,胃疼。 (教材P40 Activity 3)
feel sick “感觉恶心;感到不舒服” ,其中 “feel” 是感官系动词,后接形容词 “sick” 作表语 ,用于描述人的身体感受。
e.g. I feel sick every time I travel by bus. 每次坐公交车我都感觉恶心。
She felt sick after eating too much ice - cream.她吃了太多冰淇淋后感到不舒服。
辨析:sick 和 ill
作表语时
sick:表示 “生病的;有病的” / “恶心的;想吐的” 。在表示 “生病的”时,可与 ill 互换,
但在美式英语中,sick 更常用。
ill: 表示 “生病的;有病的” ,一般作表语,不用于名词前作定语(在英式英语中较为常用)。
e.g. My sister is sick/ill in bed. 我妹妹生病卧床。
作定语时
sick:作定语修饰名词时,表示 “生病的;有病的”/ “厌恶的;厌烦的” 。
ill:一般不作定语修饰名词(在古英语或文学作品中偶尔有 “坏的;邪恶的” 意思作定语,但
现代英语中不常见)。
e.g. The doctor is taking care of the sick child. 医生正在照顾生病的孩子。
【即时练习】1) She looks ________. Maybe she ate something bad.
A. sick B. ill C. sickness D. illness
2) The ________ man can't go to work.
A. ill B. sick C. illness D. sickness
3. Let me examine you. 让我来给你检查一下。 (教材P40 Activity 3)
examine,动词,意为“(仔细地)检查,检验;审查”。
E.g. The doctor examined Tom yesterday. 医生昨天给汤姆做了检查。
链接: examine名词形式是exam(=examination),意为“考试”。
E.g. We will have a math exam next Monday. 下周一我们将进行一次数学考试。
【即时练习】1) 为了找出故障原因,工程师们仔细检查了机器。
To find out the cause of the malfunction, the engineers __examined__ the machine carefully.
2) 下周的英语考试非常重要。
Next week's English ________________ is very important.
4. You ate too much junk food, especially hot pepper and iced Coke. 你吃了太多的垃圾食品,尤其是辣椒和冰可乐。 (教材P40 Activity 3)
hot,形容词,意为“辣的;辛辣的”。 hot spicy food 辛辣的食物
E.g. You can make a curry hotter simply by adding chillies. 你只需加入辣椒就能增加咖喱菜的辣味。
归纳: hot作形容词时的其他意思:热的;活跃的;激烈的;风靡一时的;走红的
E.g. Do you like this hot weather? 你喜欢这种炎热的天气吗?
It was hot and getting hotter. 天气很热,而且气温在不断升高。
I feel hot. 我觉得很热。
Competition is getting hotter day by day. 竞争日趋白热化。
They are one of this year's hot new bands. 他们是今年走红的新乐队之一。
【即时练习】1) 在炎热的夏天有一个雨天真是太好了。
It’s really great to have a rainy day in the ________ ________.
2) 对青少年来说,了解热点新闻是重要的。
It’s important for teenagers to learn ________ news.
5. It's not healthy at all. 它一点也不健康。 (教材P40 Activity 3)
not...at all意为“一点也不,根本不······”表示强烈的否定。
注意: not 常位于be动词、助动词或情态动词之后,构成否定句,at all常位于句末。
E.g. Tom doesn’t like English at all. 汤姆一点儿也不喜欢英语。
拓展: “Not at all.”,意为“不用谢/别客气。”,常用来回答道歉或道谢。
E.g. —Thank you for helping me. 感谢你的帮助。
—Not at all. 不用谢。
—I'm sorry.I'm late. 对不起,我迟到了。
—Oh, not at all. 哦,没关系。
【即时练习】1) David likes bananas very much.(用not..at all改写句子)
David ________ ________ bananas ________ ________.
2) 用 “not... at all” 改写句子,保持原意不变。
He doesn’t know the answer.(强调 “完全不知道”)
___________________________________________.
6. You need to take a rest and take some pills. 你需要休息一下并服用一些药。 (教材P40 Activity 3)
1) take a rest意为“休息”。此时rest在这里作名词,意为“休息时间;睡眠时间”。
可与have a rest、have/take a break互换。
E.g. Now you can take a rest.
= Now you can have a rest.
= Now you can have/take a break. 现在你们可以休息一下。
2)pill,可数名词,意为“药丸;药片”。take some pills 意为“服用一些药”。
E.g. The little boy didn't want to take any pills. 这个小男孩不想吃药。
—Here are some pills. Take two pills,three times a day. 这里有些药。一天三次,一次两片。
—OK. 好的。
辨析:medicine和pill
单词
词性
意思
构成的短语
medicine
不可数名词
药,药物;医学
take/have some medicine
pill
可数名词
药丸;药片
take/have some pills
【即时练习】 1)如果你觉得有点儿累,你最好休息一下。
If you feel a little tired, you’d better ________ ________ ________.
2)You should take ________ on time, _______ each time, and two times a day.
A. the medicines; three pills B. the medicine; three pills
C. the medicine; three pill D. the medicines; three pill
7. stop eating junk food停止吃垃圾食品 (教材P40 Activity 3)
stop doing sth. 意为“停止做某事”。
E.g. Tom stopped playing the guitar when he was 9. 汤姆9岁就不弹吉他了。
辨析: stop doing sth. 和 stop to do sth.
短语
意思
用法
stop doing sth.
停止做某事
停止正在做的事情
stop to do sth.
停下来去做某事
停下正在做的事情去做另一件事
E.g. Jane stopped having a rest. 简停止了休息。
Jane stopped to have a rest. 简停下来去休息。
【即时练习】1)Our teacher asked us to stop ________. So we stopped ________ to him.
A. talking; listening B. to talk; listen C. talking; to listen
2) (2024·黑龙江·中考真题)—I think people should stop ________ trees.
—I agree. Instead, more trees should be planted to protect the environment.
A. lying down B. cutting down C. turning down
Exploring the Topic
Thinking Skills & Reading Strategies
1. Pingping and Yining both love sports a lot. 萍萍和伊宁都非常热爱运动。 (教材P42 Activity 1)
a lot 用法:副词短语,表示程度,意为"非常;很多",常用来修饰动词。
e.g. Pingping and Yining both love sports a lot.平平和伊宁都很热爱运动 。
拓展:同义短语: very much,在句中位置常放在动词后。
e.g. I like reading a lot/very much. 我很喜欢阅读 。
反义短语:a little 一点点 搭配:learn a lot 学到很多 thanks a lot 非常感谢
注:a lot of/lots of +可数/不可数名词 意为“许多”。
【及时练习】我从这次经历中学到了很多。(完成译句)
I learned ________ ________ from this experience.
2. Unlike her, Yining is shy. 不像她,伊宁很害羞。 (教材P42 Activity 1)
unlike 用法:介词,意为 “与…… 不同;不像” ,用于对比两者差异,后接名词/代词等构成介宾结构。同义词:different from 不同于
e.g. Unlike her, Yining is shy. 与她不同,伊宁很腼腆 。
拓展:unlike 作形容词时意为 “不同的;不相似的”,常用搭配“be unlike”
e.g. These two pictures are unlike. 这两张图片不一样 。
反义词: like(作介词时表 “像” ), 通常位于句尾。后接名词/代词/动名词
e.g. I enjoy fruits like apples and bananas. 我喜欢吃水果,比如苹果和香蕉。
注:dislike 动词,意为“不喜欢”。
【及时练习】 My friend Tina likes drawing pictures in her free time. ________ her, I _______ painting, I like playing football instead.
A. Dislike, unlike B. Unlike, dislike C. Dislike, dislike
3. She likes running alone. 她喜欢一个人跑步。 (教材P42 Activity 1)
alone 用法:副词 / 形容词 。作副词时,表 “独自地;单独地”, 修饰动词;
作形容词时,常作表语,表 “独自的;单独的”。
e.g. She likes running alone. 她喜欢独自跑步 。 (作副词修饰 running)
He was alone in the room. 他独自一人在房间里 。(作表语)
辨析:lonely 是形容词,侧重情感上 “孤独的;寂寞的” (有感情色彩)。
e.g. The old man feels lonely. 这位老人感到孤独 。
拓展:同义词:by oneself 独自 反义词:together 一起
【及时练习】 The old man feels ________ (alone/lonely) because he has no friends.
4. When doing sports, they both need to take care of their safety. 当进行体育运动时,他们都需要注意自身安全。 (教材P42Activity 1)
用法:“when + 现在分词短语” 构成省略结构,完整形式是“when they are doing sports” ,在句中作时间状语,表 “当做…… 时” ,常用于主从句主语一致的情况,可简化句子。
e.g. When studying, turn off your phone. 学习时关掉手机。
拓展:类似结构如 while walking on the street 在街上走路时 after finishing homework 完成作业后
语法规则:主语一致时可省略"主语+be动词"。
take care of = look after/care for 意为 “照顾;照料;爱护”
【及时练习】________ ________ (When eat/When eating), chew slowly.
5. I have meals with little salt and sugar. 我的餐食含很少的盐和糖。 (教材P42 Activity 2)
1) with little salt and sugar
结构:介词 with + 名词 作后置定语,with在此表示伴随,说明 meals 的特点。
2) little 限定词,修饰不可数名词,意为 “很少;几乎没有”,
表否定含义(强调数量少到接近没有)
辨析:与 a little 对比:a little 表肯定,意为 “有一点”。
e.g. There is a little water in the cup. 杯子里有一点水。
与 few/a few 对比:few/a few 修饰可数名词复数。
e.g. He has few friends. 他几乎没朋友。
【及时练习】There’s ________ (a little/little) milk in the fridge. We need to buy more.
6. For one thing, it can help build a strong body.... For another, it is a good way to rest and relax our minds. 一方面,它能帮助强健体魄。······另一方面,它是一种休息和放松头脑的好方法。 (教材P43 Activity 1)
1) For one thing, .... For another, .... 意为“一方面,······。另一方面,······。”,用以引出两个或多个相互关联的理由、原因或观点。
E.g. Let him design for us. For one thing,he is good at drawing. For another, he is interested in
designing. 让他来帮我们设计吧。一方面,他善于绘画。另一方面,他对设计很感兴趣。
2) build a strong body 动词短语, 表示“强健体魄”, 强调通过锻炼或健康习惯增强身体素质。
build v. “建造;塑造;使形成” 等含义 ,此处意为 “塑造;锻炼出”。过去式:built
e.g. Regular exercise helps build a strong body.规律运动有助于塑造强壮身体 。
拓展:build sth. up 逐步建立;增进 build sb. up 增强体质/健康
e.g. The doctor advised a diet to build her up after the illness.
医生建议她在病后通过饮食调养来增强体质。
3) a good way to do sth. “做某事的好方法”,用于提出建议或推荐某种有效方式。
e.g. It is a good way to relax by listening to music.听音乐是放松的好方法 。
Group study is a good way to improve study efficiency. 小组学习是提升学习效率的好方法 。
拓展:a way of doing sth. 也可表 “做某事的方式”, 与a way to do sth.同义。
e.g. a way of solving the problem 解决问题的一种方式
不过在侧重 “途径、手段去达成某事” 时,“to do sth.” 结构更常用 。
4) relax one’s mind 动词短语,表示“放松心情/大脑”,强调通过活动缓解精神压力。
e.g. Listening to light music helps relax my mind after a busy day.
忙碌一天后,听轻音乐有助于放松我的精神 。
拓展:relax one’s body 意为 “放松身体” ,relax one's body and mind 放松身心
e.g. Doing yoga can relax your body and reduce stress. 做瑜伽能放松你的身体,缓解压力 。
形容词形式: relaxed 意为 “放松的;自在的” ,常描述人的状态;
relaxing 意为 “令人放松的” ,多修饰事物。
【及时练习】1) Boys and girls, this is ________ easy test. So you should be ________. I’m sure you can
get a good mark.
A. a, relaxing B. an, relaxed C. an, relaxing
2) The teacher taught us a good way to learn English. (改为同义句)
The teacher taught us a good way ________ ________ English.
3) 做运动能为青少年锻炼出强健体魄 。(完成译句)
Doing sports can ________ ________ ________ ________ for teenagers.
7. That's why we should do some exercise after hours of work or study. 那就是为什么我们应该在长时间的工作或学习之后做些锻炼。(教材P43 Activity 1)
that’s why意为“那就是为什么”,用于解释某个原因或解释某事为什么发生。其中why 引导的是一个表语从句,用来说明事件的结果。
E.g. That's why we should take care of our safety.那就是为什么我们应该注意我们的安全。
辨析: that’s why...和 that’s because...
易混句式
意思
用法
that's why...
那就是为什么······
从句用来说明事件的结果。即原因-That’s why一结果。
that's because...
那是因为······
从句用来说明事件的原因。即结果-That’s because-原因。
E.g. I was ill. That's why I didn't go to school. 我生病了。那就是为什么我没有上学。
I laughed. That's because what he said was interesting. 我笑了。那是因为他说的话很有趣。
8. He/She can give you some advice according to your condition. 他/她可以根据你的情况给你一些建议。 (教材P43 Activity 3)
give some advice “给出一些建议”,用于描述向他人提供意见、看法等帮助 。
e.g. My teacher gave me some advice on studying math. 我的老师给了我一些学习数学的建议 。
Can you give some advice about how to solve this problem?
你能给出一些关于如何解决这个问题的建议吗?
拓展:常用搭配:take one’s advice 接受某人的建议 a piece of advice 一条建议 (advice 不可数)
易混淆词:suggestion 表“建议”, 可数名词。
e.g. give a suggestion/give some suggestions 给出(一些)建议
【及时练习】Mr. Li gives us many good ________ on how to protect the environment.
A. advices B. pieces of advices C. pieces of advice D. an advice
9. You need to start slowly with a warm-up, and then move on step by step. 你需要先热身再慢慢开始,然后一步步进行。(教材P43 Activity 3)
1) move on意为“前进;进步;进展”。
E.g. Time is moving on. 时代在进步。
拓展: move on还可意为“离开(事故现场等)”。
2)step by step意为“逐步地;逐渐地”。此时step在这里作名词,意为“步;阶段”。
E.g. We will finish the task step by step. 我们将一步步完成任务。
链接: watch your step意为“走路小心”,可与mind your step互换。
拓展: step还可作动词,意为“迈步;踩;踏;行走”。
E.g. She stepped aside to let them pass. 她闪到一边让他们过去。
I turned around quickly and stepped on his toes. 我一个急转身,踩到了他的脚上。
【及时练习】1) 进步都是一步一步得来的。
Progress is always made ________ ________ ________.
2) ready, you, to, are, move on (连词成句)
________________________________________? (你准备好继续前进了吗”)
10. Take a break or stop right away when you feel uncomfortable. 当你感觉不舒服的时候,休息一下或者立刻停止。 (教材P43 Activity 3)
take a break 意为“休息一下”。此时break 在这里作名词,意为“间歇;休息”。
E.g. Let's take a break. 咱们休息会儿吧。
链接: take/have a rest和have a break 也可意为“休息一下”,可与take a break互换。
E.g. Now you can take a break/rest.
=Now you can have a break/rest. 现在你可以休息一下。
拓展: break还可作动词,意为“违犯;背弃;(使)破,裂,碎;打断;中断;打破(记录);损坏;弄破;稍停;暂停”。
E.g. Tom said he didn't break any rules. 汤姆说他没有违反任何规则。
He broke the bowl. 他把碗打碎了。
The phone rang and broke my train of thought. 电话铃响了,打断了我的思路。
Jim broke a record at our sports meeting.吉姆在我们的运动会上打破了一项记录。
Let's break for lunch. 我们休息一会儿、吃午饭。
【及时练习】1) We should take breaks after studying for a long time. ( )
A. rest B. notice C. train D. compete
2) The boy ________ the teacher’s window when he was playing football. ( )
A. will break B. break C. broke D. breaks
Theme Reading
1. In my opinion, staying positive has amazing benefits. 在我看来,保持积极心态有惊人的益处。 (教材P44 Activity 2)
1) in one's opinion 在某人看来;依某人之见 介词短语,可放在句首、句中或句尾 ,one's 随主语人称变化,如 “in my/your/his/her/their opinion” 。
E.g. In my opinion, we should go to the park this weekend. 在我看来,我们这个周末应该去公园。
拓展:in one’s view也意为“在某人看来”,可与in one’s opinion 互换。
E.g. In my view, we should have a healthy diet.
= In my opinion, we should have a healthy diet. 在我看来,我们应该保持健康的饮食
拓展:同义表达有 from one's point of view; as far as sb. is concerned。
2) stay positive / be positive 保持积极(的心态)
staying positive 动名词短语作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
拓展:“stay + 形容词” 的类似表达还有 stay healthy(保持健康 )等 。
【及时练习】依我看,用英语交流是练习口语最好的方法之一。(完成译句)
______ ______ ________, communicating in English is one of the best ways to practice spoken English.
2. I can study and work better in a good mood. 心情好时,我的学习和工作效率都会更高。(教材P44 Activity 2)
mood,可数名词,意为“心情;情绪”。in a...mood意为“心情······”。
in a good mood 心情好 介词短语,在句中常作表语或状语,描述人的情绪状态 。
e.g. She is in a good mood today because she got good grades. 她今天心情好,因为她取得了好成绩。
拓展:反义短语 in a bad mood 心情差
相关短语 be in no mood to do sth. 没心情做某事
e.g. He is in no mood to talk now. 他现在没心情说话。
【及时练习】Look at her smile! She ________.
A. is in a good mood B. in a good mood C. is in bad mood D. in good mood
3. Second, you can communicate with more people and you don’t need to face bad feelings alone. 其次,你可以多和人交流,不必独自面对负面情绪。 (教材P44 Activity 2)
1)communicate with 与…… 交流;和…… 沟通
e.g. We should communicate with our parents more often. 我们应该更频繁地和父母交流。
拓展:名词形式 communication “交流;沟通”,
e.g. Good communication is important in a team. 团队中良好的沟通很重要。
2)don’t need to do sth. 不必/不需要做某事
3)alone adj./adv. 独自地;单独地 对比:lonely adj. 孤独的(有感情色彩)
【及时练习】Whatever happens, you should ________ your parents.
A. communicate with B. communicate to C. communication with
4. Last, make sure to get enough sleep. 最后,一定要保证充足的睡眠。 (教材P44 Activity 2)
1)make sure to do... 确保;务必(做某事)
e.g. Make sure to lock the door when you leave. 你离开的时候务必锁门。
拓展:同义短语 be sure to... make sure + that 从句 确保……
2)get enough sleep 获得充足睡眠
sleep n. 睡眠(不可数名词) lack of sleep 睡眠不足
sleep v. 睡觉(不规则动词:sleep - slept - slept) sleep well/badly 睡得好/不好
【及时练习】________ turn off the lights when you leave the classroom.
A. Make sure B. Make sure to C. Make sure of D. Make sure that
5. After a good sleep, you will be full of energy. 睡个好觉后, 你会精力充沛。 (教材P44 Activity 2)
1)a good sleep 好觉
2)be full of energy 充满活力;精力充沛
be full of 表示 “充满……”(某种物质、特质或情感) 。
be full of hope 充满希望 be full of joy 充满欢乐
e.g. After a good rest, he is full of energy. 好好休息后,他精力充沛。
Children are usually full of energy in the morning. 孩子们早上通常充满活力。
拓展:同义短语 be filled with energy。
对比:be filled with 充满;被……装满 (强调"被填满"的动作)。
【及时练习】The athletes ________ before the competition.
A. are full of energy B. is filled of energy
C. are full with energy D. is full with energy
6. I am glad to come across your post. 我很高兴偶然看到你的帖子。 (教材P45 Activity 2)
1)be glad to do sth. 很高兴做某事;乐意做某事
e.g. She is glad to see her old friend again. 她很高兴再次见到她的老朋友。
拓展:同义表达 be happy to...; be pleased to...
e.g. He is happy to take part in the activity. 他很乐意参加这个活动。
2)come across 偶然遇见;偶然发现 动词短语,强调不经意间碰到人或事物 。
e.g. I came across an interesting book in the library yesterday. 我昨天在图书馆偶然发现一本有趣的书。
拓展:同义短语 run into; meet with
e.g. I ran into an old friend at the supermarket. 我在超市碰到一位老朋友。
3) )post,在这里作名词,意为“(发到互联网讨论组的)帖子;信息;博文;网志文章”。
E.g. —Lily,when did you send your post?莉莉,你什么时候发的帖子?
—Last night. 昨天晚上。
拓展:post 作动词,意为“邮政; 邮递; 邮寄;(在网站上)发布(信息或图片)”
post sth. on sth. 在……上发布……
【及时练习】 He ________ a strange animal in the forest last week.
A. came cross B. came across C. come across D. come cross
7. To start with, I think playing sports is one of the ways. 首先,我认为运动是(保持积极的)方式之一。 (教材P45 Activity 2)
1)to start with 首先;起初;一开始
e.g. To start with, he doesn't like this plan at all. 一开始,他根本不喜欢这个计划。
拓展:同义表达 first of all;firstly,用于列举时的开头。
2)one of... …… 之一 后接可数名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
e.g. One of my friends likes playing the piano. 我的一个朋友喜欢弹钢琴。
拓展:one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数, 表示在某个范围内… 之一 。
【及时练习】 One of the ________ on the table ________ big and red.
A. tomato; is B. tomatos; are C. tomatoes; is D. tomatoes; are
8. I am never absent from the football matches in my school. 我从不缺席学校的足球比赛。 (教材P45 Activity 2)
absent adj. 缺席的; 不在的 be absent from 缺席……;不在…… 后接表示场所、活动等的名词,说明未参与或未到场。
e.g. Don't be absent from class without a good reason. 不要无故旷课。
He was absent from the meeting because of illness. 他因生病缺席了会议。
拓展:反义词组 be present at 出席;到场
e.g. She is present at every class. 她每节课都出席。
【及时练习】He ________ the important party yesterday.
A. is absent from B. was absent from C. is absent D. was absent
9. When I am playing football, I am always confident in myself. 踢足球时,我总是充满自信。(教材P45 Activity 2)
confident adj. 自信的;有把握的 be confident in + n./doing 对…… 有信心;相信……
后接人、事物或 oneself(反身代词 ),表示对其有信心。
e.g. You should be confident in your abilities. 你应该对自己的能力有信心。
She is confident in winning the competition. 她有信心赢得比赛。
拓展:同义短语 have confidence in 对…有信心
e.g. He has confidence in his plan. 他对自己的计划有信心。
【及时练习】We ________ our team. We will win the game.
A. be confident in B. are confident in C. is confident in D. am confident in
10. Besides, we need to find the good points in ourselves. 此外,我们需要找到自己的优点。(教材P45 Activity 2)
1)find the good points in oneself 意为“找到某人自己的优点”。此时point在这里作名词,意为“特点;特性;特征”。
E.g. Don’t be too strict. We should find the good points in others.
不要太严格了。我们应该找他人的优点。
常用短语: point作名词时的相关短语
at/on the point of doing sth. 即将,正要(做某事) in point of fact 实际上;其实 score points 得分
链接:point还可作动词,意为“指,指向”
常用短语: point to 指向 point at 指着 point out 指出
11. To live a happy life, we must first love ourselves. 要过得幸福,首先要学会爱自己。(教材P45 Activity 2)
1) live a/an+adj.+life 意为“过着······的生活”
live a happy life 过幸福的生活;过上快乐的生活
e.g. Everyone wants to live a happy life. 每个人都想过幸福的生活。
We should work hard to live a happy life. 我们应该努力工作来过幸福的生活。
拓展:类似表达 live a... life: live a hard life 过着艰苦的生活
live a quiet life 过平静的生活 live a colorful life 过丰富多彩的生活
2)love oneself 爱自己
【及时练习】They hope to ________ in the countryside.
A. live a happy life B. live happy life C. live a happily life D. live happily life
12. Finally, if we do have bad feelings,we can write them down. 最后,如果我们确实心情不佳,我们可以把它们写下来。(教材P45 Activity 2)
1)if意为“如果”,在这里引导条件状语从句,表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。if引导的条件状语从句与主句连接且位于句首时,常用逗号与主句分开;位于句尾时,其前不用逗号隔开。
E.g. If you study hard,you will get good grades.
= You will get good grades if you study hard. 如果你努力学习,你将取得好成绩。
注意: 一般情况下,if引导的条件状语从句,主句为一般将来时、主句含有情态动词或主句为祈使句时,从句用一般现在时表示将来,可记忆为“主将从现、主情从现、主祈从现”。
E.g. If it snows tomorrow, we will make a snowman.
(主句为一般将来时)如果明天下雪,我们就堆雪人。
We can make a snowman if it snows tomorrow.
(主句含有情态动词)如果明天下雪,我们可以堆雪人。
If you ever go to Beijing,make sure you visit the Palace Museum.
(主句为祈使句)如果你去北京的话,一定要去参观故宫博物院。
2)在此句中,do用于加强语气。在一般现在时的肯定句中,do可以用来加强语气,通常用于强调谓语动词。
E.g. He does look upset. 他看起来确实很难过
【及时练习】— What are you going to do tomorrow?
— We’ll go to the library if it ________.
A. rain B. won’t rain C. isn’t rain D. doesn’t rain
13. Talking to ourselves is a useful way to get through difficult moments. 跟我们自己交谈是一种度过艰难时光的有效方法。(教材P45 Activity 2)
动名词talking to ourselves作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
1)talk to oneself 自言自语;自我对话
e.g. He often talks to himself when he is thinking. 他思考的时候经常自言自语。
Don't be surprised if you see her talking to herself. 如果你看到她自言自语,别惊讶。
拓展:同义短语 say to oneself
e.g. She said to herself that she could do it. 她心里对自己说她能做到。
2)a way to... …… 的一种方式;…… 的途径
拓展:也可用 a way of doing sth. 结构,两者意思相近,可互换
e.g. a way of learning English 一种学英语的方式
3)get through 度过(困难时期等);熬过;通过(考试等)
动词短语,在本句中表示度过艰难时刻,也可用于表示通过考试、接通电话等。如:get through an exam 通过考试 get through to sb. 接通某人电话
e.g. We will get through this difficult time together. 我们会一起度过这段艰难时期。
He finally got through the driving test. 他最终通过了驾照考试。
拓展:同义短语 go through(侧重于经历、经受 ),但 get through 更强调成功度过 。
【及时练习】The line is busy. I can’t ________.
A. get on B. get through C. turn on D. turn off
Grammar in Use
1. He became a non-smoker in order to keep healthy. 他为了保持健康,戒了烟。(教材P46 Activity 1)
1) in order to 表示 “为了、以便”,引导目的状语,强调做某事的目的,可与to, so as to互换。
肯定式:in order to + 动词原形
否定式:in order not to + 动词原形
e.g. He studies hard in order to pass the exam. 他努力学习是为了通过考试。
She spoke quietly in order not to wake the baby. 她轻声说话,以免吵醒宝宝。
2) keep healthy 表示 “保持健康” 同义表达:stay healthy; keep fit
【及时练习】他们每天训练,为了赢得比赛。
They practice daily ________________ win the competition.
2. Sea food may seem to disagree with some people. 海鲜可能似乎不适合有些人(吃)。 (教材P46 Activity 1)
1) seem 表示 “似乎;好像;看来”,用来描述主语给人的印象或判断,不强调事实本身,而是主观感受。 seem to do sth. 似乎做某事 It seems that + 从句 似乎……;看来……
e.g. She seems to enjoy reading. 她似乎喜欢读书。
It seems that he is late for class. 看来他上课迟到了。
拓展: 否定形式:seem not to do sth. 或 It doesn’t seem that + 从句
seem + 形容词 似乎…… 的
e.g. The problem seems difficult. 这个问题似乎很难。
【及时练习】1) He seems ________ when he hears from his girlfriend.
A. happily B. happy C. to happy
2) The weather seems ________ everyone.
A. to affect B. affect C. affects
2) disagree with 此处为 “(食物、气候等)不适合;使不舒服” disagree with sb. 不适合某人
e.g. Spicy food disagrees with my stomach. 辛辣食物不适合我的胃。
拓展:disagree with “不同意;持不同意见”,主语通常是人,宾语可以是某人、观点或计划等。
反义短语:agree with 同意;(气候、食物等)适合于
e.g. I disagree with his decision. 我不同意他的决定。
She disagrees with me about this plan. 关于这个计划,她和我意见不同。
【及时练习】—Doing some sports is good for health.
—________ I do sports every day.
A. I disagree with you. B. I agree with you. C. Take it easy. D. Forget it.
3. It is incorrect to do sports with an empty stomach. 空腹做运动是不正确的。 (教材P10 Activity 1)
1) It's + adj. + to do sth. "做某事是...的" 其中 “it” 是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式短语“to do sth.”,避免句子因主语过长而显得头重脚轻。
e.g. It's easy to answer this question.回答这个问题很简单。
It is unhealthy to eat too many hamburgers. 吃太多汉堡包是不健康的。
拓展:It's + adj. +(for sb.) to do sth. "(对某人来说)做某事是...的"
2) with an empty stomach “空腹;饿着肚子” “with + 名词短语” 结构,表示 “处于…… 状态;带着……”,在句中作状语,说明动作发生的伴随状态。如:with long hair 留着长发
e.g. The girl ran into the room with a smile. 女孩笑着跑进了房间。
【及时练习】To say goodbye to you is so hard. (用It is... to do sth.改写)
__________________________________________________.
4. It is impossible to keep healthy without good living habits. 没有良好的生活习惯,就不可能保持健康。 (教材P46 Activity 2)
1) 句型:It's + adj. + to do sth. “做某事是…… 的”
2) impossible adj. “不可能的”,由否定前缀 im- + possible(可能的)构成,可作表语或定语。
反义词:possible 可能的 副词形式:impossibly 不可能地
e.g. It's impossible for a child to lift this heavy box. 对一个孩子来说,举起这个重箱子是不可能的。
3) without prep.“没有;不借助”,后接名词、代词或动名词。与 with(有;用)构成反义。
e.g. Without your help, I couldn't have finished it. 没有你的帮助,我不可能完成。
【及时练习】The driver stopped the bus without ________ twice.
A. think B. thinking C. to think D. thought
5. She dislikes ice cream because it's bad for her teeth. 她不喜欢冰激凌,因为冰激凌对她的牙齿不好。 (教材P46 Activity 2)
be bad for意为“对······有害”,后通常跟名词、动名词或代词。
E.g. That pair of shoes is bad for her feet. 那双鞋会伤她的脚。
链接: be good for意为“对······有有好处”,是be bad for的反义短语。
E.g. Doing exercise is good for our health. 锻炼对我们的健康有好处
【及时练习】吃太多垃圾食品对健康有害。(完成译句)
Eating too much junk food ________ ________ ________ health.
6. An improper habit does a lot of harm to people. 一个不良的习惯对人们有很大危害。(教材P46 Activity 3)
1) do harm to 动词短语,意为 “对…… 有害”,其中 harm 是不可数名词, 意为 “危害;伤害”。harm还可作动词,直接接宾语。
e.g. Smoking harms your lungs. 吸烟伤害你的肺。
Reading in the sun does harm to your eyes. 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。
拓展: 同义短语:be harmful to 对…… 有害
e.g. An improper habit is harmful to people.
= An improper habit ________ ________ ________ people.
反义词组:do good to/be good for 对…… 有益
2) a lot of = lots of “许多;大量”, 可接可数名词复数或不可数名词。
e.g. She has a lot of friends. 她有很多朋友。
【及时练习】Stop ________! It would ________ your health.
A. smoking; harm to B. to smoke; does harm C. smoking; do harm to
7. Whar's worse, people will become impatient and they may even forget amportand dates. 更糟理的是,人们将变得没有耐心。甚至会忘记重要的日子。(教材P46 Activity 3)
1) whar’s worse 意为“更糟糕的是”
E.g. I was late for school this morning. What's worse, I lost my wallet.
我今天早上上学迟到了。更糟糕的是。我的钱包丢了。
辨析:what’s worse 和 what’s more
短语
意思
用法
what’s worse
更糟糕的是
用于引出一个比之前提到的更差、更严重的情况,使问题或不利情况在程度上加深。
what’s more
更有甚者;
更为重要的是
用于对之前约内多进行补充。添加新的、同等重要或者更重要的信息,使阐述更丰富。
E.g. He lost his jnob. Whar's worse, le lost his house. 他丢了工作,更精的是,他房子也没了。
You’re wrong, and what’s more you know it! 你错了!而且你明明知道你错了!
2) even,副词,意为“(强调出乎意料)甚至,连,即使”,一般放在行为动词前,be动词、情态动词、助动词之后。
E.g. I even forgot to close fhe door. 我甚至忘了去关门。
8. He can hand it in tomorrow. 他可以明天上交。(教材P47 Activity 2)
hand sth. in (to sb.) 意为“提交,呈交,上交(尤指书面材料或失物)”。此时hand 这里作动词,意为“交;递;给”。
注意:英式英语中也可用 give sth. In (to sb.) 表达。
E.g. —Please hand in your projects next week. 请下周上交你们的研究报告。
—OK. 好的。
I handed the watch in to the police. 我把那块表交给了警察。
链接: hand还可作名词,意为“手;帮助,协助”。
by hand 手工 hand in hand 手拉手 lend a hand 帮助;协助
in one’s hand 在某人手里 put one’s hand up = raise one’s hand 举手
E.g. I made the model ship by hand. 我亲手做了这个小船模型。
【及时练习】老师让我下课后亲自交作业。
My teacher asked me to ________ ________ the homework in person after class.
9. Both Maria and Meimei need to lose weight. 玛利亚和梅梅都需要减肥。(教材P47 Activity 3)
both...and...意为“······和······(两者)都”,用于连接句中的两个并列成分。
E.g. I like both English and math. 英语和数学我都喜欢。
注意: both...and...结构做主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
E.g. Both his father and his mother are doctors. 他的父亲和母亲都是医生。
辨析: both...and..., not only...but(also)...,neither...nor...和as well as
短语
意思
用法
both...and...
和······(两者)都
需连接两个相同性质的成分(如名词+名词、形容词+形容词、动词+动词、介词短语+介词短语等),且结构需保持对称。
not only...but (also)...
不仅······而且······
连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词应遵循“就近原则”。not only置于句首时,需主谓倒装。
neither...nor...
既不······也不······
连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词应遵循“就近原则”。
as well as
和;还;既······又······
可连接并列的单词或短语。连接两个并列成分做主语时,谓语动词应遵循“就远原则”。
E.g. She both speaks and writes Spanish. 她既会说又会写西班牙语。
Not only his parents but (also) his sister is a teacher. 不仅他父母是老师,他姐姐也是。
Neither you nor I am good at singing. 你和我都不擅长唱歌。
Jane as well as I loves English. 简和我都喜欢英语。
【及时练习】1)________ his parents ______ he likes the red car,but they can't afford it.
A. Both; and B. Not only; but also C. Neither; nor D. Either; or
2)Tom and I ________ in the school band. We ________ like playing the guitar.
A. am; both B. are; both C. am; same D. are; all
Developing the Topic
Oral Communication & Reading for Writing
1. You should eat less of them. 你应该少吃点它们。(教材P48 Activity 1 B)
less 的用法: 可作形容词, 意为 “较少的;更少的” , 是 little 的比较级, 修饰不可数名词。
e.g. There is less water in the bottle than before. 瓶子里的水比之前少了 。)
也可作副词,意为 “更少地;较小地” ,修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。
e.g. You should sleep less and study more. 你应该少睡点,多学习 。
还能作代词,意为 “较少;更少” ,指代不可数名词的较少数量 。
e.g. Less of the junk food is what we need. 我们需要的是少吃这类垃圾食品。(less 指代”垃圾食品的量”)
常用搭配:less than 少于;小于 反义词组:more than 多于;超过
e.g. The box weighs less than 5 kilograms. 这个盒子重量不到 5 公斤 。
拓展:反义词:more 的原形为many或much,所以more 既可以修饰可数名词复数, 也能修饰不可数名词。more作副词使用时, 本身无原形, 仅作为比较级存在。
e.g. To lose weight, you should eat less junk food and more vegetables.
为了减肥,你应该少吃垃圾食品,多吃蔬菜 。
【及时练习】用 less 或 more 填空(注意修饰对象 )
1) You should drink ________ water and ________ cola.
2) To keep fit, do ________ exercise and watch ________ TV.
3) ________ talking and ________ working can help you finish the task quickly.
2. My sister, on the other hand, prefers swimming and basketball. 另一方面,我的妹妹更喜欢游泳和篮球。(教材P49 Activity 2)
1) on the other hand,一般与on the one hand 搭配构成 “on the one hand..., on the other hand...”结构,意为“一方面······,另一方面······”,通常用于连接两个不同但相关的内容,表示对比、并列或对立。
E.g. On the one hand, mobile phones areuseful in our lives. On the other hand, they also bring some problems.(表对比)一方面,手机在我们的生活中是有用的。另一方面,它们也带来了一些问题。
On the one hand, he is good at math. On the other hand, he also does well in English.
(表并列)一方面,他擅长数学。另一方面,他也擅长英语。
2)prefer v.“更喜欢;宁愿” ,表达对事物的偏好、选择。常见结构:
· prefer + 名词 / 代词
e.g. I prefer coffee. 我更喜欢咖啡 。
·prefer + doing sth. 长期、习惯性的 “更喜欢做某事”
e.g. He prefers reading books in his free time. 他空闲时间更喜欢看书 。
·prefer + to do sth. 特定情境下 “宁愿 / 更想做某事”, 也可表 “prefer sb to do sth” ,即 “宁愿某人做某事” 。
e.g. I prefer to stay at home today. 我今天更想待在家 。
My mother prefers me to go to bed early. 我妈妈宁愿我早点上床睡觉 。
·prefer A to B 比起 B,更喜欢 A (A 和 B 形式要一致,可为名词/动名词 )
e.g. She prefers cats to dogs. 比起狗,她更喜欢猫 。
He prefers singing to dancing. 比起跳舞,他更喜欢唱歌 。
·prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做某事,而不愿做某事
e.g. I prefer to walk to school rather than take a bus. 我宁愿走路去学校,也不愿坐公交 。
【及时练习】1) I prefer ________ up early so that I can have enough time to read English.
A. get B. to get C. getting D. gets
2) —Let’s play basketball outside, Tony!
—I prefer ________ at home rather than ________ basketball. It’s too hot.
A. to stay; play B. to stay; to play C. stay; playing
3. We both have fun staying active and eating well. 我们都很喜欢保持活跃和吃得好。 (教材P49 Activity 2)
1) both 的用法:
·both + 复数名词(作定语,修饰名词 )
e.g. Both books are interesting. 两本书都很有趣 。
·both of + the/these/those/ 物主代词 + 复数名词(“…… 中的两者都” ,of 后接限定词 + 复数名词 )
e.g. Both of my parents are teachers. 我的父母都是老师 。
·主语 + both(作主语同位语,放实义动词前、be 动词 / 助动词 / 情态动词后,强调 “两者都……” )
e.g. They both like sports. 他们俩都喜欢运动 。
We are both happy. 我们俩都开心 。
·both... and...(连接两个并列成分,如名词、动词、形容词等,表 “既…… 又……;两者都……” ,连接主语时,谓语动词用复数)
e.g. Both Tom and Jerry ________ (be) in the classroom. 汤姆和杰瑞都在教室里 。
2) have fun + doing sth. “从做某事中获得乐趣”, 与“enjoy + doing sth.”同义。
3) stay active 保持活跃; 继续活动
【及时练习】It is fun ________ computer games. They have fun ________ them every day.
A. to play; to play B. playing; plays C. to play; playing D. playing; to play
4. Though we choose different sports and foods, we both care about being healthy. 虽然我们选择的运动和食物不同,但我们都同样注重保持健康。(教材P49 Activity 2)
though 意为 “虽然;尽管” ,引导让步状语从句,,可与although互换。
e.g. Though it rains heavily, we still go to school on time. 尽管雨下得很大,我们还是按时上学 。
She works hard though she is very tired. 尽管她很累, 她还是努力工作 。
注意:“though” 引导从句时,可和 “but” 连用时吗?
不可以!英语里 though/although (尽管) 和 but (但是)不能同时使用在一个句子中, 因为though引导让步状语从句, 而but连接的是并列句。
拓展:though还可作副词,意为“不过,可是,然而”,通常用于句末进行补充说明,使语气变弱,前面用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。
E.g. Tom said that he would come. He didn't, though. 汤姆说他会来。可是他没来。
【及时练习】判断正误:(打× 或√)
Though he is poor, but he is happy. ( )
Though he is poor, he is happy. / He is poor, but he is happy. ( )
Wrapping Up the Topic
Project & Review
1. Chinese cooking focuses on color, smell and taste. 中国烹饪注重色、香、味。(教材P52 Activity 1)
1) focus on “集中于; 专注于; 注重”, 主语可以是人(表示 “人专注于……”) 或物(表示 “事物的重点在于……”)。后接名词/代词/动名词作宾语。也可用focus upon 表达。
e.g. She focuses on her study every day. 她每天专注于学习。
This course focuses on practical skills. 这门课程注重实用技能。
拓展:focus还可作名词,意为“中心点(指人或事物);关注;(眼睛或镜头的)焦点,焦距”。
E.g. It is the main focus of the meeting. 这是会议的主要焦点。
When I got glasses, the whole world came into focus. 我一戴上眼镜,眼前的整个世界清晰了。
2) 感官词:smell & taste 作名词:表示 “感官相关的抽象概念”
smell “气味;嗅觉”
e.g. The smell of flowers fills the room. 房间里充满了花香。
拓展:have a good sense of smell 嗅觉灵敏
taste “味道;味觉”
e.g. This soup has a salty taste. 这汤有咸味。
拓展:have a sweet tooth/taste 喜欢甜食
感官词:smell & taste 作系动词:表示 “通过感官感知的状态”,
后接形容词作表语(无被动语态,不用于进行时)。
smell “闻起来……” taste “尝起来……”
e.g. The apple tastes sweet. 这苹果尝起来很甜。
拓展:类似感官系动词还有 look 看起来…, sound 听起来…, feel 摸起来…。
【及时练习】1) You ________ use your phone in class because you need to focus on ________.
A. can; learn B. can’t; learning C. mustn’t; learn
2) Luosifen is popular among young people. Although it smells quite terrible, it actually ________ delicious.
A. tastes B. looks C. smells D. feels
3) These flowers smell ________. I want to buy them for my mother.
A. well B. bad C. nicely D. nice
2. They use sauces to make foods taste better, and potatoes are often served as the main food. 他们用酱料让食物尝起来更美味,而土豆常被当作主食供应。 (教材P52 Activity 1)
1) use... to do sth. “使用…… 去做某事”
拓展短语:use sth. for doing sth.与 use... to do sth. 同义,意为 “用某物做某事”(for后接动名词)。
e.g. We use knives to cut things. = We use knives for ________ things. 我们用刀切割东西。
注意:be used to do sth. 被动语态,意为 “某物被用来做某事”。
e.g. Wood is used to make paper. 木材被用来造纸。
2)serve,动词,意为“端上(饭菜);接待;服务”。be served as “被当作…… 供应 / 使用;被用作……”
E.g. She served the cake to her friends at the birthday party.
生日派对上,她把蛋糕端给了朋友们。
拓展短语:serve as 主动语态,意为 “担任;用作”(主语可为人或物)。
e.g. This room serves as a study. 这个房间用作书房。
【及时练习】有时可乐作为软饮料送上餐桌。
Sometimes cola is ________ ________ a soft drink at the dinner table.
3. So, try to smile at yourself and the people around you. 所以,试着对自己和周围的人微笑吧。 (教材P52 Activity 2)
smile at意为“冲······笑”。此时smile在这里作动词,意为“微笑;笑”。
E.g. She smiled at him and he smiled back. 她冲他笑笑,他也冲她笑笑。
拓展:smile作动词时的其他短语
smile on sb/sth 有利于;垂青;带来好运 smile with/in sth 带着....微笑
E.g. If luck smiles on you, it means you are easy to succeed.
如果好运垂青于你,这就意味着你很容易成功。
He smiled with relief. 他宽慰地笑了笑。
链接: smile还可作名词,意为“微笑;笑容”。
E.g. He said with a smile. 他笑着说道。
【及时练习】她转过身对着我笑。
She turned around and ________ ________ me.
4. Love your classes, and you can do a great job. 喜欢上你的课程,你就能做得好。 (教材P52 Activity 2)
do a great job意为“做得好”,相当于well done.
E.g. You cleaned the room. You did a great job/Well done! 你打扫了房间。干得好!
拓展: job的相关短语
job as (+a/an) +职业 做......工作 out of a job 失业 get/find/look for a job 找工作
e.g. She was out a job last year. 她去年失业了。
He's trying to get a job. 他正在找工作。
5. To be in a hurry can make you mad easily.焦急极易使你生气。 (教材P52 Activity 2)
1) hurry,名词,意为“匆忙;急忙”。in a hurry 意为“迅速;赶快;仓促;匆忙”。
E.g. He had to leave in a hurry. 他不得不迅速离开。
归纳: hurry作名词时的相关短语
in a hurry to do sth. 急于做某事
in no hurry (to do sth) = not in a/any hurry (to do sth.) 不着急做某事
e.g. My son is in a hurry to grow up. 我儿子恨不得一下子长大。
We were in no hurry to get back to work. 我们不着急回去工作。
拓展:hurry还可作为动词,意为“赶快,匆忙,急忙(做某事)”。
常用短语:hurry to do sth. 急忙做某事 hurry up (with sth) 赶快,急忙
E.g. Lili hurried to open the box. 丽丽急忙打开了箱子。
Hurry up! We are going to be late. 赶快!我们快迟到了。
Hurry up with the scissors. I need them. 快点用剪刀。我需要用。
2)mad,形容词,意为“很生气;气愤;疯的;神经错乱的”。
make sb. mad意为“使某人很生气”。
E.g. Too much noise makes me mad. 太多的噪声使我很生气。
拓展: mad的相关短语
go mad 发疯 get mad 很生气 be mad about sb./sth. 痴迷;迷恋
be mad at/with sb. (for doing sth.) 因某人(做某事)而气愤
E.g. I will go mad if I have to wait much longer. 如果还要等更久的话我会发疯的。
He got mad and walked out. 他大动肝火,愤然离去。
She is mad about kids. 她很喜欢孩子。
She is mad at me for being late. 我迟到了,她非常气愤。
【及时练习】—I don’t know why he left ________ without any word.
—Oh, he has an important meeting to take part in.
A. in a hurry B. in surprise C. in all D. in need
6. It started in 2004 when a group of friends wanted to have a running event in London, England. 它始于2004年,当时一群朋友想在英国伦敦举办一场跑步比赛。 (教材P53 Activity 4)
a group of意为“一群”,用于描述集合概念.后接复数名词或代词,group在这里作名词。
当group of+复数名词”作主语时,用法如下:
强调整体,谓语动词用单数;强调个体,谓语动词用复数。
e.g. A group of students is playing on the playground.(强调整体)一群学生正在操场上玩耍。
In the morning, a group of people do exercise in the park.(强调个体)早上,一群人在公园里做运动。
归纳: group作名词时的相关短语
in groups 成群 in a group 在组内容
E.g. They stand there in groups. 他们成群地站在那儿。
There are fifteen of us in the group. 我们组内有十五个人。
拓展: group还可作动词,意为“(使)成群,成组,聚集”。
E.g. The children grouped themselves around their teacher. 孩子们聚集在老师周围
【及时练习】A group of actors ________ rehearsing a play called Romeo and Juliet.
A. am B. is C. are
7. Parkrun welcomes everyone, no matter how fast or slow they are. “公园跑” 欢迎每一个人,无论他们跑得快慢。 (教材P53 Activity 4)
no matter how 连词短语,意为 “无论怎样;不管如何”,用于引导让步状语从句。
no matter how 引导的让步状语从句可与 “however + 形容词 / 副词” 转换:
e.g. No matter how hard he works, he never complains.
= ____________ hard he works, he never complains.
无论他工作多努力, 他从不抱怨。
拓展:“no matter + 疑问词” 系列
短语
含义
例句
no matter what
= whatever
无论什么
No matter what you say, I won’t give up.
无论你说什么,我都不会放弃。
no matter who
= whoever
无论谁
No matter who comes, we’ll welcome them.
无论谁来,我们都会欢迎。
no matter where
= wherever
无论哪里
No matter where you go, I’ll miss you.
无论你去哪里,我都会想你。
no matter when
= whenever
无论何时
No matter when you call, I’ll answer.
无论你何时打电话,我都会接。
单元语法
Prefix 前缀
一、概念:前缀是加在单词开头的词缀(affix),改变、限制或加强原词的含义,但不改变原词的词类。
二、用法特点:
·改变词义:
e.g. happy (adj. 开心的) + un- → unhappy (adj. 不开心的)
smoker (n. 吸烟者) + non- → nonsmoker (n. 不吸烟者)
·拼写规则:前缀与原词结合时,一般不改变原词的拼写
e.g. possible (adj. 可能的) + im- → impossible (adj. 不可能的)
·语境区分:同一前缀可能有多种含义,需结合语境判断。
e.g. un- 既可表否定(unhappy),也可表逆转动作(unlock 解锁)。
三、常见前缀分类及用法(按语义功能)
1. 否定前缀(表示 “不、非、无”)最常用的一类, 用于否定原词的含义。
前缀
含义
常见搭配
(原词→派生词)
例句
un-
强烈否定, 常带贬义 “不/非”
healthy → unhealthy (不健康的)
happy → unhappy (不开心的)
Eating junk food is unhealthy.
non-
中性否定,仅表示“无/非”
smoker → nonsmoker (不吸烟者)
stop → nonstop (不停的)
He took a nonstop train to Shanghai.
dis-
表示相反/剥夺 “不、相反”
agree → disagree (不同意)
like → dislike (不喜欢)
She disagrees with this plan.
in-
不(常用于除r、l、b、m、p以外的其他字母开头的单词)
correct → incorrect (不正确的)
direct → indirect (间接的)
It’s incorrect to
lie to(撒谎) your parents.
im-
不(用于以 p/b/m 开头的词,避免发音困难)
possible → impossible (不可能的)
polite → impolite (不礼貌的)
It’s impossible to finish it in 5 minutes(5分钟内).
mis-
错误地(把原本正确的动作变成错误的行为)
place → misplace (放错)
understand → misunderstand (误解)
I often misplace my keys.
2. 反义前缀(表示 “相反动作”)主要用于动词,表达与原词相反的动作。
前缀
含义
常见搭配
(原词→派生词)
例句
un-
逆转动作
lock → unlock(解锁)
do → undo(解开)
cover 覆盖 → uncover 揭开
He unlocked the door with a key.
他用钥匙打开了门。
dis-
相反动作
appear 出现→ disappear 消失
The sun disappeared behind a cloud.
太阳消失在云层后
3. 程度前缀(表示 “过度、不足、半”)
前缀
含义
常见搭配
(原词→派生词)
例句
over-
过度、超过
work → overwork(过度工作)
eat → overeat(暴饮暴食)
Overworking is bad for health.
under-
不足、低于
estimate → underestimate(低估)
pay → underpay(少付工资)
Don’t underestimate his ability(能力).
semi-
半
circle → semicircle(半圆)
final → semifinal(半决赛)
The playground has a semicircle track(轨道).
4. 态度前缀(表示 “支持、反对”)
前缀
含义
常见搭配
(原词→派生词)
例句
pro-
支持、亲
America → pro-American(亲美的)
progress → progressive(进步的)
He holds pro-environment views.
他持有支持环境的观点。
anti-
反对、抗
virus → antivirus(抗病毒的)
war → antiwar(反战的)
This medicine is antivirus.
这种药是抗病毒的。
5. 时间 / 位置前缀(表示 “前、后、超”)
前缀
含义
常见搭配
(原词→派生词)
例句
pre-
在… 之前
view → preview(预习)
war → prewar(战前的)
Preview the text before class.
post-
在…之后
war → postwar(战后的)
graduate → postgraduate(研究生)
Postwar life was hard for them.
super-
超过, 超级
man → superman(超人)
market → supermarket (超市)
We often shop in the supermarket.
need to do / don’t need to do / needn’t do
一、 need 作为实义动词(Main Verb)
need 作实义动词时,强调 “主观 / 客观需要”,有人称、数和时态变化,需接 to do 或名词。
1. 基本结构与含义
形式
结构
含义
肯定句
主语 + need to do sth.
某人需要做某事
否定句
主语 +don’t/doesn’t/didn’t need to do sth.
某人不需要做某事
疑问句
—Do/Does/Did + 主语 + need to do sth.?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+do/does/did.
否定回答:No, 主语+don’t/doesn’t/didn’t.
某人需要做某事吗?
2. 例句
·肯定:I need to study for the math test. 我需要为数学考试复习。
·否定:She doesn’t need to come to the party—she’s busy. 她不需要来派对,她很忙。
·疑问:Do you need to call your parents before leaving? 你离开前需要给父母打电话吗?
3. 拓展
·接名词:need 后可直接跟名词(无需 to), 表“需要某物”。
e.g. I need a cup of coffee. 我需要一杯咖啡。
·时态变化:第三人称单数用needs; 过去式用 needed。
二、need 作为情态动词(Modal Verb)
need 作情态动词时,强调 “不必 / 建议”,无人称和数的变化,仅用于否定句和疑问句,接动词原形。
1. 基本结构与含义
形式
结构
含义
否定句
主语 + needn’t do sth.
某人不必做某事(语气委婉)
疑问句
—Need + 主语 + do sth.?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + must.
否定回答:No, 主语 + needn’t.
某人需要做某事吗?(正式语境)
2. 例句
·否定:You needn’t wait for me—I’ll take a taxi. 你不必等我,我打车走。
·疑问:—Need I bring my textbook tomorrow? 我明天需要带课本吗?
—Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t. 是的, 你需要。/ 不, 你不需要。
3. 拓展
·同义替换:needn’t ≈ don’t have to(但 needn’t 更强调 “无需”,don’t/doesn’t have to 强调 “没必要”)。
e.g. You needn’t/don’t have to pay for me—I’ll get it. 你不必为我付钱,我来买单。
三、核心区别对比
维度
实义动词(need to do)
情态动词(needn’t do)
结构
接 to do(如:need to study)
接动词原形(如:needn’t study)
否定形式
don’t/doesn’t/didn’t need to do
needn’t do
疑问形式
—Do/Does/Did... need to do?
—Yes, ... do/does/did.
—No, ...don’t/doesn’t/didn’t.
—Need... do?
—Yes, ... must.
—No, ...needn’t.
人称变化
有(he needs,she needed)
无(所有人称都用 need)
常用场景
日常交流(主观 / 客观需要)
正式语境(强调 “不必” 或书面语)
四、易混拓展:need doing 结构
实义动词 need 还有特殊用法: need doing = need to be done “某物需要被……”, 主动形式表被动含义。
e.g. The bike needs repairing. (= The bike needs to be repaired. ) 这辆自行车需要修理。
The room needs cleaning—there’s dust everywhere. 房间需要打扫,到处都是灰尘。
语法知识点小测:
1、 选词填空(need的用法)。
need needs needed needn't don't need to doesn't need to
1. You _________ worry about me. I can take care of myself.
1. She _________ finish the work today. Tomorrow is also OK.
1. —_________ we hand in the homework now? —No, you _________. You can do it after lunch.
1. My brother _________ a new pair of sports shoes because his old ones are broken.
1. They _________ stay up late last night because the test was put off.
二、单项选择(词汇辨析)。
( ) 1. There is _______ sugar in the drink. It's bad for your teeth.
A. too much B. too many C. much too
( ) 2. The old man lives _______ in the village, but he never feels _______.
A. alone;lonely B. lonely;alone C. alone;alone
( ) 3. —I have a _______ throat. I can't speak loudly.
—You should drink more hot water.
A. hurt B. sore C. ache
( ) 4. My mother _______ 2 hours cooking dinner every day.
A. takes B. pays C. spends
( ) 5. It's _______ to go to bed early and get up early. It's good for health.
A. correct B. incorrect C. impossible
( ) 6. Eating _______ vegetables and _______ junk food can help you stay fit.
A. more;fewer B. more;less C. many;little
( ) 7. —How do you _______ with your parents when you have problems?
—I always talk to them openly.
A. communicate B. agree C. disagree
( ) 8. The soup _______ delicious. Would you like some?
A. feels B. smells C. tastes
( ) 9. _______ it rained heavily, we still went to the park to do exercise.
A. But B. Though C. Because
( ) 10. You should _______ from smoking if you want to keep healthy.
A. stay away B. get through C. focus on
三、完成译句 (根据汉语提示,完成下列句子,每空一词。)
1. 为了保持健康,我们应该每天做运动。
_______ _______ _______ keep healthy, we should exercise every day.
1. 太多的屏幕时间对眼睛有害。
Too much screen time _______ _______ _______ your eyes.
1. 她通过听音乐来放松心情。
She _______ _______ _______ by listening to music.
1. 确保你睡前喝一杯牛奶。
_______ _______ _______ drink a glass of milk before going to bed.
1. 这个男孩足够强壮,能搬动这个箱子。
The boy is _______ _______ _______ carry the box.
1. 我们应该学会与父母多交流。
We should learn to _______ _______ our parents more.
1. 他花了一个小时做眼保健操。
He _______ an hour _______ eye exercises.
1. 不要空腹做运动,这对你的健康不好。
Don't do sports _______ _______ _______. It's bad for your health.
1. 保持积极的心态对我们的学习有好处。
_______ _______ has amazing benefits for our study.
1. 如果你想减肥,你应该远离垃圾食品。
If you want to lose weight, you should _______ _______ _______ junk food.
四、完形填空
(A)
Doing exercise is important for a healthy body. I like running very much. Every morning, I get up early and go running in the park. I 1 run for 30 minutes. It makes me feel 2 and full of energy.
My friend Tom likes playing basketball. He says playing basketball helps him 3 strong. We often exercise together on weekends. Sometimes we play badminton. 4 exercising, we always take care of our safety. We wear sports shoes and never run too fast.
Exercise is good for us 5 many ways. Let's keep exercising every day!
( ) 1. A. never B. usually C. hardly
( ) 2. A. relaxed B. relaxing C. relax
( ) 3. A. build B. built C. building
( ) 4. A. When B. Before C. After
( ) 5. A. on B. in C. at
(B)
Healthy eating is important for students. For breakfast, I always have milk, eggs and bread. They give me 1 for the morning study. My mother says I shouldn't eat too much junk food, 2 it's bad for my health.
I like vegetables and fruit. Carrots and apples are my favorite. My teacher tells us "An apple a day keeps the doctor away". It means eating fruit helps us 3 healthy.
At school, the cafeteria offers healthy food. I often have rice and fish for lunch. Fish is good 4_ our brain. I never eat too much for dinner because eating too much at night makes me 5 .
( ) 1. A. energy B. time C. money
( ) 2. A. so B. because C. but
( ) 3. A. keep B. keeps C. kept
( ) 4. A. to B. with C. for
( ) 5. A. comfortable B. uncomfortable C. relaxed
五、短文填空
阅读下面短文,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空或填入一个适当的词。
A healthy lifestyle is important for everyone. 1. __________ (keep) healthy, we need to have good habits.
First, we should eat well. We should eat more vegetables and fruit, and eat 2. __________ (little) junk food. Breakfast is very important, so we must have it every morning. A good breakfast gives us enough energy
3. __________ the morning.
Second, doing exercise is necessary. 4. __________ (exercise) can help us build a strong body. We can choose our favorite sports, such as running, swimming or playing basketball. We should exercise for at least 30 minutes every day.
Third, we need enough sleep. Staying up late 5. __________ (be) bad for our health. We should go to bed early and get up early.
Fourth, we should stay positive. When we feel sad, we can 6. _____________ (communication) with our parents or friends. Talking to them can help us 7. __________ (get) through difficult moments.
Finally, we must stay away 8. __________ bad habits like smoking or drinking. These habits 9. __________ (do) harm to our health.
In a word, a healthy lifestyle helps us live 10. __________ happy life. Let's start now!
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$