语法4 介词和介词短语 ——2026年中考英语语法高效课堂课件(全国通用)

2025-10-06
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摘要:

该初中英语课件系统梳理了介词和介词短语的中考核心考点,涵盖时间介词(at/on/in等)、地点方位介词(on/in/to等)、方式介词(by/in等)及常用介词(except/besides等),结合中考真题分析考点分布,如时间介词占比约40%(具体日期、时间段考查频繁),地点介词占30%(方位关系辨析为主),归纳选择、填空等常考题型,对接中考考查要求。 课件亮点在于“用法表解+真题演练+技巧点拨”模式,如通过效果评估题中“World Book Day is ______ April 23”,对比at/on/in用法表,示范“具体日期用on”的解题逻辑,培养语言能力和思维品质。特别整理“易混介词对比表”(如over/above、except/besides),配合真题实例解析,帮助学生掌握辨析技巧,教师可依此开展专题突破,提升复习针对性,助力学生中考高效得分。

内容正文:

2026语法专项突破 语法四 介词和介词短语 目录 中考导航 考点梳理 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 中考导航 NO.1 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 考点梳理 NO.2 与时间连用的介词 1. at, on, in 介词 用法 举例 at 常用于具体的时刻或较短暂的时间前 at eight o’clock at this moment at night on 表示确定的时间,常用于日期、星期、具体的某一天或具体某一天的早、中、晚或一般节日前 on Saturday on Sunday morning on Teachers’ Day 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 介词 用法 举例 in 表示某个较长的时间,如世纪、朝代、年、月、四季或泛指一天的早、中、晚等 in the 21st century in 2023 in winter in the evening 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 【注意】 1.在以this, that, next, last, tomorrow, yesterday等开始的表示时 间的词或词组前可以不用介词 2. at也可用在年龄前,常用于一般过去时 3. 有形容词修饰morning, afternoon, evening时也用介词on 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 2. since, for 介词 用法 举例 since 后加时间点,指从某时延续到现在,通常与完成时连用;也可引导时间状语从句 Jack has lived here since 2020. Jack has lived here since he was eight. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 介词 用法 举例 for 后加时间段,强调某动作或状态持续了多长时间,可与过去、现在、将来等多种时态连用,谓语动词只能用延续性动词 We will stay in Shanghai for two weeks. Li Hua has been a member of the club for three years. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 3. after, in 介词 用法 举例 after ①“after+时间段”表示以过去为起点的一段时间,常用于过去时 ②“after+时间点”表示将来某个时间之后,常用于将来时 After two days, they reached London. I will attend a meeting after 3 p.m. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 介词 用法 举例 in “in+时间段”表示以此时此刻为起点的将来的一段时间之后,常用于将来时。注意:“in+时间段”还可表示“在……时间内”,常用于完成时或过去时 My father will be back in three days. In the past three years, great changes have taken place in my hometown. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 4. until, by, before 介词 用法 举例 until ①用于否定句中,意为“直到……才”,其前的谓语动词需用非延续性动词 ②用在肯定句中,意为“直到……为止”,其前的谓语动词需用延续性动词 I didn’t wake up until Mary called me. I waited for my mother until she came home. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 介词 用法 举例 by “by+时间点”表示“到……为止”,如果by后跟一个过去的时间点,句子应用过去完成时;如果by后是表将来的时间,则句子用将来时 By the time I got up,my sister had washed all the clothes. We will reach the top of the hill by 10:00. before 在某时之前 You must finish the work before Sunday. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 【效果评估1】 ( A )1. World Book Day is       April 23 every year. A. on B. in C. at D. by ( C )2. —Hi, Mike.When is the Space Day of China? —It falls       April 24 every year. A. at B. in C. on D. for A C 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 ( B )3. China launched(发射) Shenzhou-20 manned spaceship successfully  April 24th, 2025. A. at B. on C. in B 4. Jack has lived here   since    he    was    thirteen (自从他13岁). 5. I’m going to Chiang Mai   in    two    weeks (两周后). since  he  was  thirteen  in  two  weeks  语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 表示地点、方位的介词 介词 用法及举例 on,in 与to ①on表示两地是相邻、接壤的关系 China is on the west of Korea. ②in表示在某一地区内的某方位 Beijing is in the north of China. ③to表示在某一地区外的某方位,不属于该范围且不接壤 Guangdong lies to the south of Henan. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 介词 用法及举例 over, above 与on ①over强调某一物体在另一物体的正上方,属垂直关系,但不接触 There was a lamp hanging over the table. ②above泛指在上方,不强调垂直关系,且两个物体不接触 Raise your arms above your head. ③on指在上面,而且两个物体有接触面 I can see a computer on the desk. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 介词 用法及举例 under 与below ①under可以是on的反义词,也可以是over的反义词,表示正下方 The cat is under the chair. ②below是above的反义词,泛指在下方 There are a lot of fishes below the surface of the water. at与in ①at后接较小的地点 They arrived at the airport just now. ②in后接较大的地点 Tina has been in China for many years. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 介词 用法及举例 between 和among between表示“在两者之间”,而among表示“在三者或三者以上之中” Mr Brown is standing between Mary and Emma. There is a beautiful house among the trees. in front of 与in the front of in front of意为“在……(范围外)的前面”,前后所指的内容不存在包含关系;in the front of意为“在……(范围内)的前面”,前后所指的内容存在包含关系 Li Lei sits in front of me,but Wang Fang sits behind me. The desk is in the front of the classroom. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 介词 用法及举例 across, past与 through across表示从某一物体的表面经过;past表示从旁边经过、路过;through表示从某一物体的空间内穿过 go through the door/window/hole/forest The dog ran across the road. I often go past a bank when I go to work. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 【效果评估2】 ( C )1. Bill is      all the other runners.It seems that he will be the winner. A. next to B. far from C. ahead of ( B )2. A new bridge was built       the Yellow River last year. A. around B. across C. against D. along 3. There is a house   among    the    trees (在树林中). 4. The sand ran   through    my    fingers (从我的手指缝中). C B among  the  trees  through  my  fingers  语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 表示方式的介词 介词 用法 例句 by by+表示交通工具的名词 He goes to school by bike. “by+v.-ing形式”表示“通过……方式” He learns English by listening to the radio. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 介词 用法 例句 in 表示“使用某种语言”,后接语言名词 Please say it in Chinese. 后接服装/颜色,表示“穿着什么颜色的衣服” Who is the girl in red? 表示“用某种方式、方法” In this way, kids can learn by themselves. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 介词 用法 例句 on on TV/the radio/the phone表示“通过电视/收音机/电话” He listens to music on the radio. on与foot连用表示“步行” I go to school on foot. with 表示“用某种具体的工具、身体的某一部位或器官” Cut the bag with the knife. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 【注意】 on/in 也可以与某一交通工具连用,意为“乘坐……”,但这些交通工具前必须有不定冠词或物主代词。如:He went to school on his bike. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 【效果评估3】 ( A )1. Big sale!We have T-shirts  white  only $6. A. in; for B. of; for C. in; at A 2. We can save money   by    cooking (通过烹饪) our own meals instead of eating outside. 3. Mary often goes to school   on    her    bicycle/bike (骑她的自行车). 4. She sleeps   with the window   open (开着窗户). by  cooking  on  her  bicycle/bike  with  open  语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 其他常用介词 单词 含义 例句 except 不包括后面所提的人或物,意为“除……之外” Everyone is here except him. besides 包括后面所提的人或物,意为“除……之外还有” I like football and basketball besides tennis. for 给……,对……(而言);为了…… She cooked for her son. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 单词 含义 例句 with 表示伴随,意为“和……一起” Tom goes to the park with his parents on Sunday. without 没有 He went to school without having breakfast. as 意为“作为;以…… 身份” As a Chinese,we should love our country. against 反对 We are against his opinion. 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 【效果评估4】 ( D )1. We need to guard      any possible danger around us. A. for B. over C. with D. against D ( A )2. —Ms Huang,what would you like     your afternoon tea? —Just a cup of coffee     any sugar or milk. A. for; without B. to; without C. for; with D. to; with A 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 ( C )3. Please bring Ms Steen to the welcome party telling her so that she can be surprised. A. about B. from C. without D. for ( D )4. I’m really thankful to my parents.     their help,I have been very active. A. On B. At C. From D. With C D 语法四 介词和介词短语 返回目录 本节内容到此结束! $

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语法4 介词和介词短语 ——2026年中考英语语法高效课堂课件(全国通用)
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语法4 介词和介词短语 ——2026年中考英语语法高效课堂课件(全国通用)
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语法4 介词和介词短语 ——2026年中考英语语法高效课堂课件(全国通用)
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语法4 介词和介词短语 ——2026年中考英语语法高效课堂课件(全国通用)
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语法4 介词和介词短语 ——2026年中考英语语法高效课堂课件(全国通用)
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语法4 介词和介词短语 ——2026年中考英语语法高效课堂课件(全国通用)
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