语法7 动词的时态和语态 ——2026年中考英语语法高效课堂课件

2025-10-06
| 58页
| 638人阅读
| 19人下载
普通

摘要:

该初中英语中考复习课件全面覆盖动词时态和语态核心考点,包含一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、一般将来时、现在完成时六大时态及被动语态,严格对接中考要求,按“用法+句式变换+例句解析+效果评估”系统梳理,归纳常考题型如条件从句时态、延续性动词转化等,体现备考针对性。 课件亮点在于“考点精讲+真题演练+技巧突破”模式,如通过“冰遇热融化”实例解析一般现在时表客观真理,用“感官动词被动加to”示范被动语态特殊规则,培养学生语言能力与思维品质。效果评估题直击易错点,教师可依此制定冲刺计划,助力学生掌握答题技巧,提升中考得分率。

内容正文:

2026语法专项突破 语法七 动词的时态和语态 目录 中考导航 考点梳理 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 中考导航 NO.1 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 考点梳理 NO.2 一般现在时 1. 一般现在时的用法 用法 例句 表示习惯性、经常性的动作或存在的状态,常与always, often, sometimes, usually, never, twice a month, every day等频率副词或时间状语连用 I often go to school at seven. We visit Uncle Liuevery month. 表示客观事实或普遍真理 The sun rises in the east. 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 用法 例句 在时间、条件或让步状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将要发生的动作 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will leave. go, come, leave, arrive等瞬间动词常用一般现在时表示计划、安排好的将要发生的动作 The train for Beijing leaves at 5:30. 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 2. 句式变换 句式 含有be动词 含有实义动词 肯定句 主语+am/is/are+其他 主语+实义动词+其他 否定句 主语+am/is/are not+其他 主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+其他 一般 疑问句 Am/Is/Are+主语+其他? Do/Does+主语+其他? 特殊 疑问句 特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+其他? 特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形+其他? 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 3. 一般现在时的特殊用法 (1)表示此时此刻正在发生的动作或存在的状态。 (2)在含时间和条件状语从句的复合句中,主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来。 I’ll call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing tomorrow.明天一到北京,我就给你打电话。 (3)在主句为过去时态的复合句中,如果宾语从句陈述的是客观真理,从句用一般现在时。 The teacher said Maria is a girl.那位老师说玛利亚是个女孩。 (4)表示书、信、报纸、通知、广播、告示牌等的内容用一般现在时。 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 【效果评估1】 ( A )1. If you heat ice,it      into water. A. turns B. turned C. was turning D. has turned ( B )2. She said that the earth       around the sun. A. traveled B. travels C. travel A B 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 一般过去时 1. 用法 表示过去的动作或存在的状态;表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 2. 标志词 a moment ago,just now,ago,last night/week/month/year, yesterday I met him in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上遇到他了。 His uncle went to Beijing last week.上周他的叔叔去北京了。 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 3. 句式变换 句式 含有be动词 含有实义动词 肯定句 主语+was/were+其他 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句 主语+was/were not+其他 主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他 一般 疑问句 Was/Were+主语+其他? Did+主语+动词原形+其他? 特殊 疑问句 特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他? 特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他? 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 【效果评估2】 1. My mother   didn’t    do (没有做) housework yesterday. 2. It   was (是) hot yesterday and most children   were (是) outside. 3.   Did he   finish (完成) his homework last week? ( A )4. —How did you get to school yesterday? —I  my bike to school. A. rode B. ride C. rides didn’t  do  was  were  Did  finish  A 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 ( C )5. —     you      the Chinese Culture Festival in the Central Square? —Yes.It was really a great success. A. Are; attending B. Will; attend C. Did; attend C 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 现在进行时 1. 现在进行时的用法 用法 例句 表示现在(说话瞬间)正在发生的动作;常和now, at the moment, listen, look等词(组)连用 They are watching TV now. Listen! The bird is singing in the tree. 续表 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 用法 例句 表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段一直进行的动作;不一定是说话时正在进行。常和at present(目前),this week(本周),these days(这几天)等时间状语连用 She is working in a factory this year. 表示位置移动的动词,如:come, go, leave, arrive等,常用现在进行时表示最近即将发生的动作 I’m coming. We are leaving to-morrow. 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 用法 例句 现在进行时与always,all the time等副词或短语连用常表示某种强烈的感情 Alice is always think-ing of others. 表示颜色、温度、年龄等正在渐变,说话的瞬间变化不一定明显,动词有get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等 The leaves are turning red. It’s getting warmer and warmer. 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 2. 构成及句式变换 句式 结构 肯定句 主语+be+动词-ing+其他 否定句 主语+be+not+动词-ing+其他 一般疑问句 Be+主语+动词-ing+其他? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他? 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 3. 不用进行时的动词 (1)事实状态的动词 have(有),belong,possess,cost,owe,exist,include,contain,matter,weigh(重达……),measure(尺寸是……),continue等。 I have two brothers.我有两个兄弟。 This house belongs to my sister.这座房子属于我姐姐/妹妹。 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 I need your help.我需要你的帮助。 He loves her very much.他非常爱她。 (3)瞬间动词 accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。 I accept your advice.我接受你的建议。 (2)心理状态的动词 know, realise, think, see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognise, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 (4)系动词 seem, remain, lie, smell, feel, taste, get, become等。 You seem a little tired.你似乎有点累了。 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 【效果评估3】 ( C )1. —Sorry, I can’t hear you clearly.I      a football match. —OK. I’ll ring you up later. A. watch B. watched C. am watching D. was watching C 2. It   is  getting (逐渐在变黑) dark.Shall I turn on the light? 3. A healthy baby usually   weighs (重达) 6 pounds or more. is  getting  weighs  语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 过去进行时 1. 过去进行时的用法 用法 例句 表示在过去某一时间点或某一段时间内正在进行的动作,常用的时间状语:this time yesterday昨天这个时候, at+时刻+yesterday, when/while引导的一般过去时的时间状语从句 I was having a bath when the phone rang. She was writing letters. I didn’t want to disturb her. 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 用法 例句 与always连用表示赞美、厌烦等感情色彩 Lei Feng was always doing good deeds for the people. 用来描写故事发生的情景 It was a dark night.The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义 I was leaving for Wuhan that day. 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 【注意】 1.在含有时间状语从句的复合句中,延续时间较长的动作用过去进行时,另一个短暂性动作用一般过去时,连词常用when。 My pen dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park.在公园散步的时候,我的钢笔掉到地上了。 2. 表示两个延续性动作在过去某一时刻同时进行,不考虑动作的先后顺序,主句和从句都用过去进行时,连词常用while。 The students were reading while the teacher was grading their homework.学生们在看书,而老师在批改他们的家庭作业。 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 2. 构成及句式变换 构成 was/were+动词-ing 肯定句 主语+was/were+动词-ing+其他 否定句 主语+was/were not+动词-ing+其他 一般疑问句 Was/Were+主语+动词-ing+其他? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+动词-ing+其他? 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 3. 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或持续,而一般过去时表示动作完成。 He was writing his composition last night.他昨晚在写作文。(不一定写完) He wrote his composition last night.他昨晚写了一篇作文。(已经写完) 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 【效果评估4】 ( D )1. While everyone      the comics page,I picked up a copy to see what was so funny. A. is laughing at B. laughed at C. laughs at D. was laughing at ( A )2. I’m sorry I didn’t answer your call because I online. A. was studying B. studied C. am studying D A 3. Some exchange students   were  chatting (正在聊天) with their host families this time yesterday. were  chatting  语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 一般将来时 1. 一般将来时的用法 用法 例句 表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与tomorrow,soon,later,next time, “in+一段时间”等时间状语连用 I’ll start tomorrow. “be going to+动词原形”用于表示主观上打算将来要做某事,这种打算往往是事先安排好的或表示可能要发生或肯定要发生的事情 She has bought some cloth and she is going to make herself a dress. 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 2. 一般将来时的构成及句式变换 be going to+动词原形 will/shall+动词原形 肯定句 am/is/are going to do will/shall do 否定句 am/is/are not going to do will/shall not do 一般 疑问句 Am/Is/Are+主语+going to do+其他? Will/Shall+主语+do+其他? 特殊 疑问句 特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+going to do+其他? 特殊疑问词+will/shall+主语+do+其他? 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 3. 一般将来时的几个特殊句式 (1)“be+动词不定式”结构,表示按计划要发生的事,或用来征求对方意见。 We are to meet outside the park.我们约定在公园外面见。 (2)“be about+动词不定式”结构,表示即将做某事,一般不用时间状语。 It is about to rain.天要下雨了。 (3)用现在进行时表将来,表示马上要发生的动作,多用于瞬间动词(start, begin, die等)。 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 【效果评估5】 ( C )1. I’ve just got two tickets! I      to see the new movie with Tony. A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone ( C )2. Ben believes he       a college student in 3 years. A. becomes B. became C. will become D. has become 3. —I’m not sure if he   will  come  (将要来) tomorrow. —Don’t worry.I think if he   comes (要来), he will give you a call. C C will  come  comes  语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 现在完成时 1. 现在完成时的用法 用法 例句 现在完成时通常表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。常与already,yet, in the past few years等时间状语连用 I’m sure we’ve met before. 表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作或状态,往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用,常与by now, so far, since, for等时间状语连用 I haven’t heard from her these days. 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 2. 构成及句式变换 构成 have/has+动词过去分词 肯定句 主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他 否定句 主语+haven’t/hasn’t+动词过去分词+其他 一般疑问句 Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词+其他? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词过去分词+其他? 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 3. 延续性动词与非延续性动词 (1)现在完成时用来描述一个从过去一直延续到现在的动作时,谓语动词一定要用延续性动词。要用表示一段时间的时间状语。 常见非延续性动词与延续性动词的转化对照表: 非延续性动词 延续性动词 borrow/lend keep open be open buy have leave be away (from) 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 非延续性动词 延续性动词 begin/start be on catch/get a cold have a cold die be dead close be closed join be in/a member of finish/end be over arrive/come be here/in marry be married 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 He has been in the army/a soldier for three years.他参军已有3年了。(不用has joined) She has been up for quite some time.她起床已有好久了。(不用has got up) Has your brother been away from home for a long time? 你哥哥离家好久了吗?(不用has left) (2)现在完成时中,非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。 I haven’t seen you for a long time.我好久没见到你了。 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 4. 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 区别 例句 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态,与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用 Tom lived in Beijing two years ago.(不知道现在是否还住在北京) 现在完成时的动作虽然是发生在过去,但是强调的是对现在的影响 Tom has lived in Beijing for two years.(现在汤姆仍然还住在北京) 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 【效果评估6】 ( B )1. Mr Smith      at the Natural History Museum for more than 10 years, so he knows a lot about insects. A. is working B. has worked C. was working D. will work B 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 ( B )2. —Hi, Mr Zhang! Your car looks new. —Yes.But in fact,I      it for two years. A. will buy B. have had C. buy 3. Chinese scientists   have  discovered (已经发现) a kind of special flower.It is so “shy” that it closes quickly after being touched. 4. —The book is popular.  Have you   read (已经阅读了) it yet? —Yes, I have. B have  discovered  Have  read  语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 5. I   have watched/seen (已经看了) the new movie already. I   watched/saw  (看了) it last Saturday. have watched/seen  watched/saw  语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 被动语态 1. 被动语态的用法 用法 例句 不知道动作的执行者是谁 English is taught in all middle schools. 没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁 The meeting was held last week. 要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时 Teapots are used for drinking. 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 2. 被动语态的构成 举例: 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 3. 几种时态的被动语态 被动语态由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。 结构 例句 一般现在时: 主语+am/is/are+过去分词 The classroom is cleaned every day. 一般过去时: 主语+was/were+过去分词 Our school was built in 1998. 一般将来时: 主语+will be+过去分词 The sports meeting will be held tomorrow. 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 结构 例句 现在完成时: 主语+has/have been+过去分词 The bank has been built. 含有情态动词的被动语态: 主语+情态动词+be+过去分词 The bike can’t be put here. 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 4. 主动语态变为被动语态的几个特殊情况 (1)主动句中感官动词see, hear, watch, feel等和使役动词make, let, have等后跟省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语时,变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。 We saw Mr Green get out of Bob’s car. →Mr Green was seen to get out of Bob’s car.我们看到格林先生从鲍勃的车上走下来。 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 【注意】 当现在分词作宾语补足语时,变为被动语态时宾语补足语部分不变。 We heard Jim playing the guitar in his room.→Jim was heard playing the guitar in his room.我们听到吉姆在他的房间里弹吉他。 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 (2)谓语动词后接双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)时,把间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语不变。 He gave me a new book. →I was given a new book by him.他给了我一本新书。 把直接宾语变主语,间接宾语不变。 He gave me a new book. →A new book was given to me by him.他给了我一本新书。 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 (3)句中谓语是动词短语时,变为被动语态时要注意其完整性。 Jack turned on the TV just now. →The TV was turned on by Jack just now.杰克刚刚打开电视机。 (4)带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时,只需把宾语变为被动语态的主语,而宾语补足语仍保留在原处,作主语补足语。 Our teacher told us to clean the classroom at once. →We were told to clean the classroom at once by our teacher.我们老师让我们立刻打扫教室。 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 5. 主动语态表示被动含义 (1)feel, look, sound, smell, taste等系动词的主动语态表示被动含义。 The dishes smell so delicious.菜闻起来真香。 Your idea sounds better.你的主意听起来更好。 (2)有些动词,如sell, cut, drive, wash, clean, write, open, lock等,作不及物动词时可以用主动语态表示被动含义。 Books of Harry Potter sell well.《哈利·波特》系列丛书很畅销。 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 (3)sth needs/wants/requires doing相当于sth needs/wants/requires to be done (不定式的被动结构)。 Your room needs cleaning. =Your room needs to be cleaned.你的房间需要打扫了。 (4)be worth doing(值得做)中的doing表示被动含义。 The movie is worth watching by everyone.这部电影值得所有人看一看。 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 6. 不用被动语态的情况 (1)系动词、不及物动词或某些动词短语没有被动语态。如:come true,fall asleep, keep quiet, take place等; (2)主动句的宾语是不定式或doing时不能用作被动语态的主语; (3)反身代词或each other不能用作被动语态的主语。 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 7. 被动语态与系表结构的区别 “be+过去分词”表示动作时是被动语态;“be+过去分词”表示主语所处的状态时是系表结构。 (1)含有“by+宾语”结构强调动作执行者,此时为被动语态。 The window is broken.窗户坏了。(系表结构) The window is broken by me.窗户是我打破的。(被动语态) (2)句中有地点、频率或时间状语时,一般是被动语态。 The door was closed.门是关着的。(系表结构) The door was closed at 9:00.九点钟关的门。(被动语态) 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 【效果评估7】 ( B )1. —What language     in Germany? —Most people speak German,but many can speak English,too. A. speak B. is spoken C. is speaking D. speaks B 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 ( A )2. —Hanfu lovers      walking down the street in many cities. —Well,wearing hanfu helps to understand the Chinese culture. A. can be found B. can find C. must be found D. must find A 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 ( B )3. Many research labs     in the future to develop science and technology in China. A. are building B. will be built C. were built B 语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 4. It is said that the kite   was    invented  (被发明) in China over 2,000 years ago. 5. Don’t eat the cake.It   has    been    kept (已经放在) in the fridge for more than a week. was  invented  has  been  kept  语法七 动词的时态和语态 返回目录 本节内容到此结束! $

资源预览图

语法7 动词的时态和语态 ——2026年中考英语语法高效课堂课件
1
语法7 动词的时态和语态 ——2026年中考英语语法高效课堂课件
2
语法7 动词的时态和语态 ——2026年中考英语语法高效课堂课件
3
语法7 动词的时态和语态 ——2026年中考英语语法高效课堂课件
4
语法7 动词的时态和语态 ——2026年中考英语语法高效课堂课件
5
语法7 动词的时态和语态 ——2026年中考英语语法高效课堂课件
6
所属专辑
相关资源
示范课
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。