高考英语七选五做题技巧 导学案-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习学案聚焦七选五题型核心考点，系统梳理逻辑衔接、语义连贯、代词指代等解题要素，按“预判关键词—抓上下文线索—代入验证—特殊位置突破”构建阶梯式技巧体系，通过任务驱动（如划逻辑词、分析话题一致性）引导学生自主形成解题思维框架。 亮点在于技巧与训练深度融合，8组对点训练覆盖说明文、议论文等文体，答案解析精准剖析逻辑关系（如转折、因果衔接），培养学生思维品质与语言能力。学生可通过训练自测漏洞，结合解析反思衔接线索，教师能依学情针对性指导，助力高效备考。

高考英语七选五做题技巧与对应练习 【技巧梳理】 高考英语七选五题型主要考查对文章整体结构、逻辑衔接及上下文语义连贯的把握能力，文本多为说明文、议论文或夹叙夹议的记叙文，核心是通过“补全空缺”让文章逻辑通顺、语义完整。 一、先读选项，划“关键词”，提前预判 做题前先通读7个选项，而非直接读原文，目的是提前捕捉每个选项的“核心信息”，为后续匹配原文空缺做准备。划关键词时重点关注两类信息： 1. 逻辑衔接词： 如表示转折的“but/however/yet”、因果的“so/therefore/as a result”、递进的“besides/what’s more”、并列的“and/also/another”、总结的“in short/in conclusion”等。这些词直接体现选项与上下文的逻辑关系，是匹配的重要线索（例如看到“however”，可预判该选项前后文会存在语义转折）。 2. 核心名词/动词/代词： 圈出选项中反复出现或最能代表其含义的名词（如“time management”“online learning”）、动词（如“solve”“improve”），以及代词（如“it/they/this/that”）。代词尤其关键，若选项含“it”，需明确其指代的单数名词，后续在原文空缺前后寻找对应指代对象即可。 例如： 某选项为“However, this method has a big disadvantage”，先划“however”（转折逻辑）和“this method”（代词指代，需找前文提及的“某方法”），读原文时若发现某空缺前在介绍“a way to save time”，则该选项大概率适配此空缺。 二、读原文，抓“上下文逻辑”，锁定衔接线索 七选五的本质是“逻辑匹配”，原文空缺处的前后句往往会留下明确的“衔接线索”，需重点关注以下三类线索，将其与选项的关键词对应： 1. 语义衔接：看“话题一致性” 原文每段围绕一个核心话题展开，空缺处的内容需与前后文“话题一致”，即讨论的是同一对象或同一事件。做题时可通过“重复词”判断——若空缺前后文反复出现某一核心名词（如“environmental protection”），则选项也需包含该名词或其同义表达（如“protecting the environment”），否则话题脱节，可直接排除。 例如： 原文某段围绕“how to keep healthy”展开，空缺前句为“Eating a balanced diet is important”，空缺后句为“It can help you stay energetic all day”，则空缺处应继续讨论“健康相关的措施”，若选项是“Reading books can expand your knowledge”（话题为“阅读”），则明显不匹配；若选项是“Doing regular exercise is also necessary”（话题为“运动”，与“健康”一致），则符合语义衔接。 2. 逻辑衔接：找“上下文关系匹配” 根据前文划出的选项逻辑词，结合原文空缺前后的语义，判断两者的逻辑关系（转折、因果、并列等），再对应筛选选项： 转折关系： 若空缺前句表达“某事物的优势”，空缺后可能转向“劣势”，此时优先匹配含“but/however”的选项。例如前文说“Online shopping is convenient”，空缺处若选“However, it may lead to impulsive buying”，则逻辑通顺。 因果关系： 若空缺前句是“原因”（如“People often feel stressed”），空缺处可能是“结果”（需选含“so/therefore”的选项，如“Therefore, they need ways to relax”）；若前句是“结果”，则空缺处可能是“原因”（需选含“because”的选项）。 并列关系： 若空缺前句用“One way to...”“First...”等表达“第一种方法/观点”，空缺处可能是“第二种”，需匹配含“Another...”“Second...”“Also...”的选项。例如前文说“First, you should make a study plan”，选项“Another tip is to review what you’ve learned every day”即符合并列逻辑。 3. 代词衔接：明确“指代对象” 原文或选项中的代词（it/they/this/that/these/those）是重要的“定位线索”，需确保代词指代的对象在上下文存在且语义一致： 若选项含“it”，前文需有单数名词（如“a problem”“a plan”）；若含“they”，前文需有复数名词（如“some students”“many methods”）。例如选项“ They can help you take notes more efficiently”中的“they”，需在前文找到复数名词（如“new pens”“note-taking apps”），否则指代不明，排除该选项。 若原文空缺前句有“this + 名词”（如“this challenge”），选项可能会先提及“challenge”相关内容，再用“this challenge”呼应。例如选项先讲“Learning a foreign language is not easy”，后文再用“this challenge”指代“学外语不易”，形成衔接。 三、代入验证，排除“干扰项”，确保通顺 初步选定选项后，需将其代入原文空缺处，通读前后文，从“语义、逻辑、语法”三个维度验证： 1. 语义是否连贯：代入后读起来是否流畅，是否存在“前言不搭后语”的情况（如前文讲“天气冷”，选项讲“夏天很热”，则语义冲突）。 2. 逻辑是否合理：衔接词是否匹配上下文关系（如前文无“原因”，却代入含“so”的选项，逻辑不成立）。 3. 语法是否正确：若空缺处位于句首，选项首字母是否需大写（注意原文标点，如空缺后是逗号，选项首字母可能小写）；若选项含代词，指代对象是否在语法上一致（如“it”指代单数名词，不能指代复数“students”）。 同时，注意排除两类典型干扰项： “过于宽泛”的选项： 选项内容超出原文段落的话题范围（如段落讲“如何记英语单词”，选项讲“如何学习英语”，范围过大，无法适配具体空缺）。 “细节冗余”的选项： 选项仅围绕原文某一细节展开，无法衔接前后文的整体逻辑（如段落讲“时间管理的重要性”，选项讲“某款时间管理APP的操作步骤”，细节过多，偏离段落主线）。 四、关注“特殊位置空缺”，针对性突破 不同位置的空缺（段首、段中、段尾）有不同的功能，可根据位置特点缩小选项范围： 1. 段首空缺：多为“段落主旨句”或“承上启下句”。若为主旨句，选项需概括后文内容（后文会围绕该句展开举例、解释）；若为承上启下句，需同时衔接上段结尾话题和本段新话题（如上段讲“运动的好处”，本段讲“运动的注意事项”，段首空缺可能是“However, doing exercise also needs to pay attention to some points”）。 2. 段中空缺：核心功能是“衔接前后句”，需同时匹配前文的结尾语义和后文的开头语义，重点依赖“逻辑衔接词”和“代词”线索（如前文讲“某问题”，后文讲“解决方法”，空缺处可能是“To solve this problem”这类过渡句）。 3. 段尾空缺：多为“总结句”或“因果/递进延伸句”。若为总结句，选项需概括本段核心内容（常含“in short/so”等词）；若为延伸句，需承接前文语义进一步说明（如前文讲“某措施有效”，段尾可能是“Therefore, it is worth trying for everyone”）。 【对点训练】 01 Many of us face a tricky trap on social media: either chase endless likes with constant posting or escape by ignoring it all. We stress over this forced choice — approval or isolation — as if they can’t mix.     16     Here are three practical ways to find balance in the digital world. Focus on genuine connections. Likes and comments bring short-term excitement, but they fade fast. True connections matter more. When you share real stories or chat deeply with others, you feel warm inside.     17     So pick activities that make you feel truly good, like talking about hobbies or helping friends online — no need to care about likes!     18     Peace on social media starts with how you see it. Mindful scrolling (浏览) means noticing nice things — an inspiring post, a friend’s happy news — without comparing yourself. The colors of a photo or a kind word can make you smile. You don’t need big tricks.     19     Then you’ll enjoy both: staying connected and feeling peaceful. Celebrate small digital joys. Every little win online — sharing a useful tip, getting a sweet reply — deserves cheers. If you only wait for lots of followers, you’ll miss daily fun.     20     For example, celebrate finishing a post you care about, not just hitting a follower goal. Treat yourself to a snack after a nice chat. These turn online time into a happy journey. A．Try browsing with intention. B．Chasing likes will make you tired. C．Just fix your attention on the little joys online. D．Minor accomplishments in the digital world lift your mood. E．In fact, mixing work and rest online helps you stay balanced. F．But our time online doesn’t have to be stuck in this dilemma. G．That cozy glow from within doesn’t depend on likes or comments. 02 The 20-5-3 Rule You don’t need extreme diets or very tiring workout routines to boost your well-being. Enter the “20-5-3 rule” — research-backed formula (方案) to improve mental and physical health through time spent outdoors. Developed by neuroscientist Rachel Hopman of Northeastern University,     16     Twenty minutes, three times a week The first step is to get out in nature for 20 minutes at least three times a week. Research from the University of Michigan shows this is the sweet spot for lowering cortisol, your body’s primary stress hormone.     17     Just sit or walk in a natural setting, exposed to sunlight and greenery. However, the lead author emphasizes the importance of disconnecting during these moments. Avoid “aerobic exercise, and avoid the use of social media, internet, phone calls, conversations and reading,” she said. Think of it as a mini escape, designed to reset your stress levels and help you feel grounded. Five hours a month For an even deeper mental reset, aim for five hours a month in semi-wild spaces, such as state parks.     18     Finnish researchers agree, finding wilder settings, with their organic “chaos”, help increase cognitive resources and foster sense of calm. Three days annually Immerse yourself in nature for three days annually. Long-time exposure to wild landscapes activates alpha brain waves — those linked to meditation, creativity and deep relaxation, Men’s Health reported.     19     A four-day wilderness trip can reduce PTSD (创伤后应激障碍) symptoms by 29% and stress by 21%, with effects lingering for weeks afterward. So the next time you find yourself needing a “reset”, head outside for a quick lunchtime walk, or plan a weekend in the woods.     20     A．Better yet, you don’t need to sweat it out. B．it is quite energy-consuming yet rewarding as well. C．Studies even show profound benefits for mental health. D．More importantly, we can broaden our horizons and keep fit. E．Best of all, it’s free, accessible and waiting just outside your door. F．this method emphasizes small, manageable steps that can lead to big rewards. G．Studies show these environments provide heightened relaxation compared to city parks. 03 This year, I received an exciting message from the Science Center: out of nearly 2,000 applicants, only 40 high school students were selected to take part in their famous summer program, and I was one of them!     16    . For the two-week summer program, I chose to focus on a biology project. My research centered on investigating the presence and impact of bacteria (细菌) in different water sources — specifically comparing wild lake water with home pool water to determine which was more harmful.     17    . Those are two fields I’m deeply passionate about. The laboratory work was challenging but extremely rewarding. I remember the first day I set out to collect water samples. The lake was peaceful, but beneath that calm surface hid something far less harmless. In contrast, the pool’s crystal-clear water seemed almost too clean, and I wondered how the tests would turn out.     18    . The process involved culturing the bacteria, monitoring their growth and comparing the results from both sources. When the data finally came in, it was both shocking and enlightening. The pool water was surprisingly clean, with hardly any bacteria present. On the other hand, the lake water, despite its beautiful appearance, was full of bacteria — definitely not safe for drinking.     19    . Once my experiments were complete, I poured all my energy into writing a detailed report. On the last day of the program, I had the opportunity to present my work to a group of 15 mentors (导师).     20     — I was not just a student; I was like a scientist sharing my discoveries with the world. A．Back in the lab, I analyzed the samples B．Standing before them, explaining my project, I felt proud C．I hope to undertake a biomedical project at the Science Center D．My time at the Science Center has given me a clear sense of purpose E．These results highlighted the hidden dangers that untreated water can pose F．The moment I opened that letter, I knew this was going to be a life-changing experience G．This topic interested me because it combined both environmental science and public health 04 Giving Old Buildings a New Life Walking through cities, we often see old buildings standing quietly. Sadly, many are forgotten, falling apart, and their stories fading away.     16     Fortunately, Chinese cities are finding creative ways to revive them. Instead of turning them into untouched museum pieces, these buildings are being transformed into lively spaces like cafes, bookstores, or galleries.     17     Some worry that changing a building’s use might harm it.     18     Take “Xianlang” cafe in Beijing as an example. It occupies a century-old site, the former Sino-French University. The cafe preserves the original exterior, including wooden carvings and windows. Inside, it uses colors inspired by French artist Henri Matisse, creating a space where visitors enjoy coffee while experiencing the cultural link between China and France. It’s more than a cafe; it’s a storyteller.     19     Bagong’s House in Wuhan, a red-brick building from the early 1900s once used by Russian tea merchants, is now a high-end hotel preserving its facade. Inside, digital exhibitions showcase the ancient tea road history it witnessed. It also hosts talks and art shows, actively sharing its past with the public. Bringing old buildings back to life takes creativity and a strong sense of responsibility.     20     Every time an old building is brought back to life, a piece of cultural memory is saved, and part of the city’s story continues. A．These cultural treasures may disappear forever otherwise. B．Digital tech and cultural events also breathe new life into old structures. C．Therefore, protecting them requires government funding and public support. D．Such neglect reflects a common challenge in urban development worldwide. E．We need to find a balance between respecting the past and adding new ideas. F．This creative reuse gives old structures new purposes while keeping their souls. G．However, sensitive restoration that respects history allows for functional change. 05 For years, we’ve treated sustainability only as a knowledge problem. If people just understood the climate crisis — the graphs, melting ice caps and emissions charts, they’d change.     16    . Take smoking as an example. In the 1980s, everyone was aware that it was harmful to their health but research cites that it was smoking policies and bans that had real impact. Numbers dropped because the world around smokers changed quietly, structurally and persistently. If guilt isn’t working, design might A 2022 Pew survey found that majorities in most countries consider climate change a serious threat to their nation’s future. Yet behavioural change, especially in food, transport and energy use, falls far behind.     17    . Awareness does not equal action and information alone is insufficient. We must stop relying on guilt and start focusing on systemic design that makes sustainable choices easy and automatic. Why we need a better story Psychologists have shown that narratives are more persuasive than facts. In one study, people were more likely to act when shown a story about a single identifiable person than overwhelming statistics. Yet, the dominant climate narrative today is not a story.     18    . And it centers around guilt, sacrifice and shame. Food is the frontline of climate Food is key to climate action.     19    . So we need to design food environments that make climate-smart choices intuitive (出于直觉的), tasty and culturally relevant.     20     The most impactful thing we can do isn’t to convince people to care more but to build systems that make better choices easier, cheaper and more joyful. These are systems that reward low-emission lifestyles, push people toward sustainable meals and normalize pride rather than shame in acting for the planet. A．It’s a warning in fact B．Systems must change, not people C．Behaviour is downstream of design D．This is the contradiction we must face E．That’s exactly the playbook sustainability needs now F．But behaviour doesn’t work that way and we’ve seen it before 06 Spending Time Outdoors Improves Health You don’t need extreme diets or painful workout routines to boost your well-being. Try research-backed rules developed by neuroscientist (神经学家) Rachel Hopman of Northeastern University to improve mental and physical health through time spent outdoors.     36     • Get out in nature for 20 minutes. Research shows this is the sweet spot for lowering cortisol, your body’s primary stress stimulator. Better yet, you don’t need to sweat it out — just sit or walk in a natural setting, bathed in sunlight. However, Dr. Mary Hunter, lead author of the study, emphasizes the importance of disconnecting during these moments.     37     Think of it as a mini escape from artificial stuff, designed to reset your stress levels. • Aim for five hours a month in half-wild spaces such as state parks.     38     Finnish researchers agree, finding wilder settings, with their natural “chaos,” help form a sense of calm. •     39     Longer exposure to wild landscapes activates alpha brain waves — those linked to deep thoughts, creativity and deep relaxation, Men’s Health reported. Studies even show profound benefits for mental health: a four-day wilderness trip can reduce PTSD symptoms by 29 percent and stress by 21 percent.     40     So the next time you find yourself needing a “reset,” head outside for a quick lunchtime walk, or plan a weekend in the woods. Best of all, it’s free, accessible and waiting just outside your door. A．Remember to listen to some relaxing music. B．Its effects can even last for weeks afterward. C．Bury yourself in nature for three days annually. D．Avoid the use of social media, phone calls, and reading. E．The approach can be more effective if parents are involved. F．These environments provide heightened relaxation compared to city parks. G．These methods emphasize small, manageable steps that can lead to big rewards. 07 Doomscrolling is when you spend a lot of time online consuming negative news. But once you do it a few times, it can easily become a habit, locking you into a loop (循环) of feeling bad and then reading the news to confirm that you should be feeling bad.     16    . Be mindful of checking your phone.     17    . So you should be mindful about how often you pick up your phone. When you do pick up your phone, pause for a second and recognize what you’re doing. Try to avoid spending too much time on bad news.     18    . When all the news seems bad, it can lead you to feel hopeless and down. But try to remember that you only see bits and pieces of the world — and it’s not all bad. Guitarist Anthony Frusciante once said, “If you look for the good, you will find it. It is there.” It means that among the online bad news, there are stories about people helping and caring for others. Focus on the reality. You can’t control what happens online, but you do have some control over what happens in real life.     19    , like taking a shower, calling a friend or picking up a good book. If you’re upset about the bad news, you might feel a bit better by taking some small good action, like signing up for a volunteer shift or making a charitable donation. Ask for help. If you’ve tried very hard but still can’t break your doomscrolling habit, seek help from specialists. They’ll help you get to the root of the habit.     20    , which will help you find a way forward-one that’s filled with a more hopeful outlook for the future. A．Avoid overthinking B．Seek out positive news C．It’s not easy to adopt healthier news consumption habits D．Luckily, you can take steps to reduce the urge to fall into the trap E．Together, you’ll work on finding lasting and effective interventions F．Maybe it’s time for an act of self-care to break away from doomscrolling G．If you tend to doomscroll, checking your phone may be what you do automatically 08 In today’s world, there are many voices of opposition to the regulations on wearing school uniforms. Some argue uniforms are restrictive and take away individuality.     16     Uniforms reduce peer (同辈) pressure and conflict. When students come to school dressed in their own clothes, they may feel pressure to keep up with the latest trends or worry about what their peers might think. This can lead to feelings of anxiety and social exclusion.     17     No one child is better or worse off because of what they are wearing. This removes the constant comparisons and competition that can be stressful for some students, and instead, establishes a sense of belonging and community. Wearing a uniform also simplifies the lives of parents and teachers. There is no more worrying about what to wear or stressing about finding the perfect clothing for a special occasion. Parents can distribute more time and resources to their children’s education, and teachers can focus on teaching, rather than policing students’ dress codes.     18     Sustainability and reusability are their main characteristics. When students wear the same uniform, they feel a sense of belonging and identity with their school.     19     Uniforms reflect the values and principles of a school, such as teamwork, discipline, and respect, which are essential for a positive and productive learning environment.     20     It requires careful consideration of the benefits and drawbacks, as well as consultation with all interested parties. By weighing the pros and cons, schools can make an informed decision that prioritizes the well-being of all students. A．Virtually, uniforms benefit at least three sides. B．This can lead to a sense of pride in their school. C．However, adopting a school uniform policy is not easy. D．Uniforms reduce waste and the impact of fast fashion. E．By wearing uniforms, they are on a same level playing field. F．Nowadays, simple uniforms have already taken schools by storm. G．Others claim school uniforms create a positive learning environment. 《高考英语七选五对点训练》参考答案 训练01 1. F：前文提出社交媒体上“追逐点赞”和“完全忽视”的两难选择，F选项“但我们的在线时间不必陷入这种困境”既承接前文的“forced choice”，又通过“but”转折引出下文“找到平衡的方法”，符合承上启下逻辑。 2. G：前文强调“真实连接比点赞更重要”，G选项“这种内心的温暖与点赞或评论无关”中的“that cozy glow from within”呼应前文“feel warm inside”，进一步解释真实连接的核心价值，话题一致。 3. A：此处为段落主旨句，后文围绕“有意识地浏览社交媒体（关注美好事物，不攀比）”展开，A选项“尝试有目的的浏览”是对该段内容的概括，“with intention”与后文“mindful scrolling”同义。 4. C：前文提到“无需复杂技巧，关注美好事物即可”，C选项“只需专注于在线上的小美好”承接前文“don’t need big tricks”，且“little joys”与后文“enjoy both: staying connected and feeling peaceful”呼应，语义连贯。 5. D：前文强调“庆祝线上小成就，而非只等大量粉丝”，D选项“数字世界中的小成就会提升你的情绪”中的“minor accomplishments”对应前文“every little win”，“lift your mood”解释庆祝小成就的意义，符合递进逻辑。 训练02 1. F：前文介绍“20-5-3规则是经研究支持的户外健康方案”，F选项“该方法强调微小、易执行的步骤，却能带来大收益”中的“this method”指代前文“20-5-3 rule”，且“small, manageable steps”与后文“20分钟/5小时/3天”的具体步骤呼应，衔接自然。 2. A：前文提到“每周3次、每次20分钟户外可降压力激素”，后文“只需坐着或散步，接触阳光和绿植”，A选项“更好的是，你无需出汗（无需剧烈运动）”承上启下，既肯定前文效果，又引出后文“轻松的户外方式”，符合逻辑。 3. G：前文建议“每月5小时在半野生环境（如州立公园）”，后文“芬兰研究发现更野生的环境能提升认知、带来平静”，G选项“研究表明这些环境比城市公园更能让人放松”中的“these environments”指代“semi-wild spaces”，且通过对比突出半野生环境的优势，衔接后文研究结论。 4. C：前文讲“每年3天沉浸自然能激活阿尔法脑波（关联冥想、创造力）”，后文“4天野外旅行可降低PTSD症状和压力”，C选项“研究甚至显示对心理健康有显著益处”概括后文内容，“profound benefits for mental health”对应“reduce PTSD symptoms and stress”，符合递进关系。 5. E：前文总结“需要重置状态时，去户外散步或计划周末林间旅行”，E选项“最重要的是，它免费、易获取，就在你门外”补充该方案的优势，收尾自然，强化“易执行”的特点。 训练03 1. F：前文提到“被科学中心暑期项目选中”，F选项“打开信的那一刻，我知道这将是改变人生的经历”承接“收到消息”的场景，且“life-changing experience”为后文描述项目收获铺垫，符合情感和逻辑衔接。 2. G：前文介绍“研究主题是不同水源的细菌及其影响（湖水vs泳池水）”，G选项“这个主题吸引我是因为它结合了环境科学和公共卫生”中的“this topic”指代前文研究主题，解释选择该主题的原因，“environmental science and public health”与后文“two fields I’m passionate about”呼应，话题一致。 3. A：前文讲“收集水样的经历（湖水平静但暗藏风险，泳池水清澈）”，后文“过程包括培养细菌、监测生长、对比结果”，A选项“回到实验室，我分析了水样”承上启下，“analyzed the samples”引出后文具体实验步骤，衔接自然。 4. E：前文呈现实验结果“泳池水干净无细菌，湖水虽美但细菌多，不宜饮用”，E选项“这些结果凸显了未经处理的水可能带来的潜在危险”概括实验结论，“these results”指代前文数据，“hidden dangers”对应湖水“full of bacteria”的风险，符合总结逻辑。 5. B：前文提到“向15位导师展示研究成果”，B选项“站在他们面前解释项目，我感到自豪”描述展示时的场景和感受，后文“我不仅是学生，更像科学家分享发现”进一步强化自豪感，语义连贯，情感一致。 训练04 1. A：前文讲“许多老建筑被遗忘、破败，故事消逝”，A选项“否则这些文化瑰宝可能永远消失”中的“these cultural treasures”指代前文“old buildings”，通过“otherwise”强调保护老建筑的紧迫性，承接前文“被遗忘”的后果，逻辑合理。 2. F：前文讲“中国城市将老建筑改造成咖啡馆、书店等活力空间，而非博物馆”，F选项“这种创造性再利用为老建筑赋予新用途，同时保留其灵魂”中的“this creative reuse”指代前文“transformed into lively spaces”，解释改造的意义，“keep their souls”呼应“不只是博物馆，而是有活力的空间”，话题一致。 3. G：前文提到“有人担心改变用途会损害老建筑”，后文以“北京贤良咖啡馆”为例，说明“保留原有外观，内部创新，兼具功能与文化”，G选项“然而，尊重历史的精细修复允许功能改变”通过“however”转折，反驳前文担忧，引出后文案例，符合“提出担忧-转折-举例证明”的逻辑。 4. B：此处为段落主旨句，后文以“武汉巴公房子”为例，讲“保留外观，内部用数字展览展示茶路历史，举办讲座和艺术展”，B选项“数字技术和文化活动也为老建筑注入新活力”概括该段内容，“digital tech”对应“digital exhibitions”，“cultural events”对应“talks and art shows”，精准匹配。 5. E：前文讲“让老建筑重生需要创造力和责任感”，后文“每次老建筑重生，都是保存文化记忆、延续城市故事”，E选项“我们需要在尊重过去和注入新想法之间找到平衡”承上启下，“balance between respecting the past and adding new ideas”既呼应前文“创造力和责任感”，又解释后文“保存记忆+延续故事”的核心，逻辑连贯。 训练05 1. F：前文提出“过去认为只要人们理解气候危机（数据、冰川融化等），就会改变行为”，后文以“吸烟为例：80年代人们知道吸烟有害，但政策和禁令才真正减少吸烟率”反驳前文观点，F选项“但行为并非如此运作，我们以前就见过（这种情况）”通过“but”转折，引出后文案例，否定“仅靠认知改变行为”的逻辑，衔接自然。 2. D：前文讲“多数国家认为气候变化是威胁，但在饮食、交通、能源使用上的行为改变滞后”，D选项“这是我们必须面对的矛盾”中的“this”指代前文“认知与行为脱节”的现象，总结前文矛盾，为后文“需依赖系统设计而非内疚感”铺垫，符合逻辑。 3. A：前文提到“叙事比事实更有说服力，但如今主流气候叙事不是故事”，后文“它围绕内疚、牺牲和羞耻”，A选项“事实上，它是一种警告”中的“it”指代“dominant climate narrative”，补充叙事的本质，“warning”与后文“内疚、羞耻”的负面导向呼应，语义一致。 4. C：前文讲“饮食是气候行动的前线”，后文“需设计饮食环境，让气候友好选择成为直觉、美味且符合文化的”，C选项“行为是设计的产物”承上启下，既强调饮食行为的重要性，又引出后文“通过设计引导行为”的解决方案，逻辑连贯。 5. B：此处为段落主旨句，后文讲“最有效的不是说服人们更关心气候，而是构建系统让更好的选择更易、更便宜、更愉悦（奖励低碳生活、推动可持续饮食等）”，B选项“需要改变的是系统，而非人”概括该段核心，“systems must change”对应后文“build systems that make better choices easier”，精准匹配。 训练06 1. G：前文介绍“神经学家Rachel Hopman的户外健康规则”，G选项“这些方法强调微小、易执行的步骤，却能带来大收益”中的“these methods”指代前文“research-backed rules”，且“small, manageable steps”与后文“20分钟/5小时/3天”的具体步骤呼应，总起全文，引出下文细节。 2. D：前文提到“户外20分钟时需‘断开连接’，玛丽博士强调这一点的重要性”，D选项“避免使用社交媒体、打电话和阅读”具体解释“disconnecting”的内容，承接前文“断开连接”的要求，语义明确，衔接紧密。 3. F：前文建议“每月5小时在半野生环境（如州立公园）”，后文“芬兰研究发现更野生的环境能带来平静”，F选项“这些环境比城市公园更能让人放松”中的“these environments”指代“semi-wild spaces”，通过对比突出半野生环境的优势，为后文研究结论做铺垫，逻辑合理。 4. C：此处为段落主题句，后文讲“长时间沉浸自然能激活阿尔法脑波（关联深度思考、创造力），4天野外旅行可降低PTSD症状和压力”，C选项“每年沉浸自然3天”与前文“20分钟/5小时”的结构一致，提出第三项规则，“bury yourself in nature”对应后文“long-time exposure to wild landscapes”，衔接自然。 5. B：前文讲“4天野外旅行可降低PTSD症状29%、压力21%”，B选项“其效果甚至能持续数周”补充前文效果的持续性，“its effects”指代前文“reduce PTSD symptoms and stress”，符合递进逻辑，收尾该规则的好处。 训练07 1. D：前文定义“ Doomscrolling（沉迷负面新闻）”并说明其危害（形成“感觉糟糕-看新闻确认”的循环），D选项“幸运的是，你可以采取措施减少陷入这种陷阱的冲动”通过“luckily”转折，引出下文“解决方法”，承上启下，符合逻辑。 2. G：前文提出第一条建议“留意查看手机的行为”，后文“所以你应注意拿起手机的频率”，G选项“如果你有沉迷负面新闻的倾向，查看手机可能会成为你的下意识行为”解释“留意手机”的原因，“checking your phone may be automatic”承接前文“be mindful of checking your phone”，为后文“控制频率”铺垫，衔接紧密。 3. B：此处为段落主旨句，后文讲“新闻看似都是负面的，但世界并非全是坏的，要寻找美好（如人们互帮互助的故事）”，B选项“寻找正面新闻”概括该段内容，“positive news”对应后文“stories about people helping and caring for others”，精准匹配。 4. F：前文建议“专注现实生活，你能控制现实中的事”，后文“比如洗澡、给朋友打电话、读好书；或做小的善举（志愿、捐款）”，F选项“或许是时候进行自我关怀，摆脱沉迷负面新闻的状态了”承上启下，“act of self-care”引出后文具体的现实活动，“break away from doomscrolling”呼应前文“focus on the reality”，逻辑连贯。 5. E：前文讲“若无法打破习惯，寻求专家帮助，他们会帮你找到根源”，E选项“你们将一起寻找持久有效的干预方法”中的“together”指代“你和专家”，“lasting and effective interventions”承接前文“get to the root of the habit”，说明专家帮助的具体作用，且“help you find a way forward”与后文“更有希望的未来”呼应，语义一致。 训练08 1. G：前文讲“许多人反对校服规定，认为校服限制个性”，G选项“另一些人则认为校服能创造积极的学习环境”通过“others”呼应前文“some”，呈现对校服的两种对立观点，为后文论证校服优势做铺垫，符合“提出争议-展开论证”的逻辑。 2. E：前文讲“穿便服会导致同辈压力、焦虑和排斥”，后文“没人因穿着优劣而处境不同，消除比较和竞争”，E选项“通过穿校服，他们处于平等的竞争环境中”中的“same level playing field”承接前文“peer pressure”，解释校服如何消除压力，呼应后文“no one is better or worse off”，话题一致。 3. D：前文讲“校服简化家长和教师的生活（家长无需纠结穿搭，教师无需监管着装）”，后文“可持续性和可重复使用是其主要特点”，D选项“校服减少浪费和快时尚的影响”承上启下，“reduce waste”对应后文“sustainability and reusability”，补充校服的另一优势，逻辑连贯。 4. B：前文讲“穿校服让学生有归属感和学校认同感”，B选项“这能让他们为学校感到自豪”中的“this”指代前文“sense of belonging and identity”，进一步说明归属感带来的积极情感，“pride in their school”与后文“反映学校价值观（团队合作、纪律等）”呼应，语义递进。 5. C：后文讲“制定校服政策需仔细考虑利弊，咨询相关方，权衡后做出决策”，C选项“然而，采用校服政策并不容易”通过“however”转折，引出后文“制定政策的复杂性”，“not easy”对应后文“careful consideration”“consultation”“weighing pros and cons”，逻辑合理。 第 1 页 共 2 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $