内容正文:
7A第四单元知识过关第3讲--语法精讲精练
1、 语法复习清单
模块 1:时间介词(at /in/on)
语法规则
介词
适用场景
典型示例
at
1. 具体时间点(几点几分)2. 固定时间短语(如 lunchtime, weekends)
at 6:30 a.m.;at lunchtime;at weekends
in
1. 年、月、季节2. 泛指的上午、下午、晚上(如 in the morning)
in 2024;in May;in summer;in the evening
on
1. 具体日期(年 / 月 / 日、星期)2. 有修饰词的早中晚(如 “下雨的早上”)
on October 1st;on Sunday;on a rainy morning
易错提示
不可混淆 “泛指早中晚” 与 “有修饰的早中晚”:如 “在早上” 是 in the morning,“在周一早上” 是 on Monday morning。
“周末” 可用 at weekends 或 on weekends,两者均正确;“工作日” 固定搭配 from Monday to Friday,不可用 in/on 替换 from...to...。
模块 2:频度副词
语法规则
1. 频率排序(从高到低):always(总是)> usually(通常)> often(经常)> sometimes(有时)> seldo(很少)> hardly(几乎不)> never(从不)
2. 位置规律:
放在实义动词前(如 He usually walks to school);
放在 be 动词、情态动词后(如 She is always late;He can seldom finish homework on time)。
典型示例
He usually goes to the library on Tuesdays.(usually 在实义动词 goes 前)
My mother is seldom free on weekdays.(seldom 在 be 动词 is 后)
易错提示
不可将频度副词放在句末(如 He walks to school usually. ×);
提问频率用How often,答语需用频度表达(如 Once a week, Twice a month)。
模块 3:核心时态(一般现在时 & 一般将来时)
1. 一般现在时
语法规则
适用场景:表示习惯性、经常性的动作或客观事实。
第三人称单数变化:主语是 he/she/it/ 单数名词时,谓语动词需变三单,规则如下:
① 一般加 - s(如 play→plays, get→gets);
② 以 s/x/sh/ch/o 结尾加 - es(如 watch→watches, do→does);
③ 以辅音 + y 结尾,变 y 为 i 加 - es(如 study→studies, worry→worries)。
典型示例
My sister usually gets up at 6:30 a.m.(主语 my sister 是三单,get→gets)
He practises speaking English every evening.(practise→practises,三单变化)
2. 一般将来时(there be 句型 & 普通句)
语法规则
there be 句型将来时:There will be + 名词(单数 / 复数均可),表示 “某地某时将有某物”,无单复数变化(如 There will be a football match)。
普通句将来时:will + 动词原形(如 He will go to Shanghai tomorrow)。
典型示例
There will be a picnic in the park next Sunday.(there be 将来时,无需变 are)
We will have a class meeting on Friday afternoon.(will + 动词原形 have)
易错提示
一般现在时三单易漏 “es”:如 practise→practise(×),正确为 practises;
there will be 不可加 have(如 There will have a match. ×),固定结构为 there will be。
模块 4:非谓语动词(不定式 & 动名词)
1. 动词不定式(to do)
语法规则
常见固定搭配:plan to do(计划做)、want to do(想要做)、tell sb not to do(告诉某人不要做)、It's time to do(该做某事了)。
结构特点:to 后接动词原形,否定形式在 to 前加 not(如 tell sb not to do,不可说 tell sb to not do)。
典型示例
They plan to visit their grandparents.(plan to do)
Our teacher tells us not to be late for class.(tell sb not to do)
2. 动名词(doing)
语法规则
常见固定搭配:practise doing(练习做)、enjoy doing(享受做)、spend...doing(花费时间做)、finish doing(完成做)。
结构特点:动词后直接接 doing,不可接 to do。
典型示例
He practises speaking English every day.(practise doing)
My father enjoys reading newspapers after dinner.(enjoy doing)
易错提示
混淆 “to do” 与 “doing” 搭配:如 plan doing(×)、practise to do(×),需牢记固定搭配。
二、语法配套练习
题型 1:介词(at /in/on)填空
1. We usually have dinner ____ 7:00 p.m. every day.
2. Our school sports meeting will be held ____ September.
3. My best friend was born ____ a snowy morning in 2013.
4. People often give gifts to each other ____ Christmas Day.
5. He usually goes to the gym ____ weekends.
6. China's National Day is ____ October 1st.
7. I like reading books ____ the evening after homework.
8. They lived in Beijing ____ 2022.
题型 2:频度副词(always /usually/often /sometimes/seldom /never)填空
1. Tom is a hard-working student. He ____ gets up early to read English.
2. I don't like sweet food, so I ____ eat candies or cakes.
3. My family ____ goes for a walk after dinner, but we didn't go yesterday because of rain.
4. She ____ walks to school, but today she took a bus (she got up late).
5. My mother is very busy. She ____ has time to watch TV on weekdays.
6. —____ do you go to the cinema? —About once a month.(用疑问词填空)
题型 3:用所给词的适当形式填空(时态 / 非谓语动词 / 比较级 / 序数词)
1. My brother ____ (practise) playing basketball every afternoon.(一般现在时三单)
2. We plan ____ (visit) our grandparents during the holiday.(不定式)
3. This movie is ____ (interesting) than that one. I like it better.(比较级)
4. December is the ____ (twelve) month of a year.(序数词)
5. There ____ (be) a football match in our school next Friday.(一般将来时)
6. He often ____ (spend) half an hour reading English every morning.(一般现在时三单)
7. My mother tells me ____ (not stay) up late.(不定式否定)
8. She enjoys ____ (listen) to music after school.(动名词)
题型 4:句型转换(按要求改写句子)
1. Tom usually goes to school on foot.(改为同义句,用 walk)
Tom usually ____ ____ school.
2. There is no time for me to play football.(改为同义句)
I ____ ____ ____ to play football.
3. They have English classes on Monday and Wednesday.(对画线部分提问)
____ ____ they have English classes?
4. He finishes his homework at 8:00 p.m. every day.(对画线部分提问)
____ ____ ____ he ____ his homework every day?
5. It's time for PE class.(改为同义句,用 It's time to)
It's time ____ ____ PE class.
题型 5:语法纠错(找出错误并改正)
1. He usually get up at 6:30 a.m.
2. There will have a picnic in the park tomorrow.
3. She is interested in read storybooks.
4. We have English class on 9:00 a.m.
5. This book is more good than that one.
三、练习答案
题型 1:介词填空
1. at 2. in 3. on 4. on 5. at/on 6. on 7. in 8. in
题型 2:频度副词填空
1. always 2. never 3. usually 4. usually 5. seldom 6. How often
题型 3:用所给词适当形式填空
1. practises 2. to visit 3. more interesting 4. twelfth 5. will be 6. spends 7. not to stay 8. listening
题型 4:句型转换
1. walks to 2. have no time 3. When do 4. What time does; finish 5. to have
题型 5:语法纠错
1. get→gets(主语 he 是三单,谓语动词变三单)
2. have→be(there will be 固定结构,不可用 have)
3. read→reading(be interested in 后接动名词)
4. on→at(具体时间点用 at,9:00 a.m. 是时间点)
5. more good→better(good 的比较级是不规则变化 better)
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