2025-2026学年高二上学期第一次月考英语练习卷（天津卷）（测试范围：外研版选必一Unit 1-3）

绝密★考试结束前 2025-2026学年高二上学期第一次月考（天津卷） 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．（测试范围：外研版选修一Units1-3） 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．—Are you done with the book I gave you? — ________. I'm still reading the last chapter. A．Hard to say B．Not quite C．Of course D．It all depends 2．Heavy drinking will cause ________ damage to the brain. A．permanent B．cruel C．worthy D．workaday 3．The recent field research ________ the mystery of the Sanxingdui ancient tombs. A．cheered up B．burst onto C．threw light on D．benefited from 4．While rock-climbing, you need to remain very ________ so that you won’t make any dangerous errors. A．amused B．delighted C．concentrated D．impressed 5．The Science Museum, ________ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions. A．which B．what C．that D．where 6．It was then ________I recalled that I had left my wristwatch up in the bar. A．that B．when C．where D．what 7．Endurance, perseverance, industry and talent are the means ________ men can achieve great ends A．in which B．by which C．of which D．on which 8．With exams________, it’s a good idea to review your class notes. A．approaching B．approached C．to approach D．approach 9．He made a number of rude ________ about the food on the Internet. A．remarks B．spots C．dawns D．gentleness 10．Wealth does not ________ happiness. A．conclude B．preserve C．deserve D．guarantee 11．We regret ________ you that the book you need is not available at the moment in this library. A．having told B．telling C．to tell D．to have told 12．（2016·浙江）　　　　 online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive. A．Since B．After C．While D．Unless 13．--- Where will you start your work after graduation? --- Mum, it’s not been decided yet. I ______ continue my study for a higher degree. A．need B．must C．would D．might 14．Since then the number of people taking driving Lessons 20%. A．has increased to B．have increased to C．has increased by D．have increased by 15．________ is known to us all is that tobacco contains nicotine, so you should give up smoking. A．As B．It C．What D．Which 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。It was early winter several years ago. I had pulled out my old winter 16 for another year’s use. It was still in pretty good 17 after so many winters’ wear. I didn’t really need a new one but I wanted one and 18 mentioned it to my daughter one day. She is such a sweet, loving soul that I should have 19 what would happen next. A few weeks later she gave me a 20 of a bright red, brand new, winter’s coat. I put the old one in my closet(壁橱)and started to 21 the new coat every day. Each day, though, when I opened my closet, something upset me. It seemed a 22 that my still good, old coat should just sit there keeping no one 23 during the cold, winter days. After a few weeks I took it out and drove to a local charity. I knew that there someone who couldn’t 24 a coat might get my old one. I 25 and walked out the door. Then I saw a shaking man in only a 26 jacket walking in. I wondered if he would 27 my old coat. Then I smiled and went home with a warm heart. My new coat is old now. It is in too bad of shape to even give away to 28 .I wonder if I should buy a new one soon but I think I will 29 a while. I don’t really need a new one and maybe I can find a few more things to give to the charity 30 . Ralph Waldo Emerson once said: “ 31 is a growing giant whom the coat of Have was never large enough to cover.” Perhaps the best way to deal with our wants is by 32 and giving of ourselves. Love, after all, brings us the most 33 . And the more of it you 34 , the more of it you have. May all of your days be full of warmth! May all of your days be full of 35 ! May all of your days be full of love! 16．A．jacket B．sweater C．dress D．coat 17．A．shape B．size C．order D．position 18．A．carelessly B．confidently C．fearfully D．literally 19．A．dreamed B．guessed C．forgot D．doubted 20．A．gift B．hope C．reward D．selection 21．A．check B．wear C．appreciate D．share 22．A．relief B．shame C．chance D．honour 23．A．content B．firm C．warm D．generous 24．A．wash B．tailor C．donate D．afford 25．A．put it down B．tried it on C．kept it off D．picked it up 26．A．new B．thin C．cool D．nice 27．A．get used to B．put up with C．keep away from D．end up in 28．A．charity B．school C．government D．church 29．A．stop B．prepare C．wait D．choose 30．A．likewise B．otherwise C．instead D．indeed 31．A．Take B．Lose C．Forgive D．Want 32．A．accepting B．enjoying C．sharing D．understanding 33．A．hope B．joy C．trust D．luck 34．A．ask for B．take in C．give away D．bring in 35．A．option B．giving C．surprise D．opportunity 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Scotland’s landscapes, history, and culture offer a great variety of experiences. This summer, join our unique ranger programs to discover Scotland like never before! Young Clan’s Highland Games (June 4 to August 22) A delightful experience for children! Test their skills in traditional Scottish games and compare their abilities to the historical legends of Scotland. No prior experience needed. Fun and educational, this program is flexible to fit your schedule. Meet at the Highland Folk Museum. Wild Highland’s Exploration (May 25 to September 3) Immerse yourself in the rugged (崎岖的)beauty of the Scottish Highlands. Perfect for families, this program offers guided hikes through scenic trails, wildlife spotting, and camping adventures. Learn about Scotland’s native wildlife and how to responsibly enjoy the natural environment. Gather at the Glencoe Visitor Center. Loch Ness Loch Ness Legends and Lore (June 8 to September 3) At the world-famous Loch Ness, this program combines breathtaking views with attractive stories about Loch’s history, and the mysterious Nessie. Ideal for families and photography enthusiasts. Meet at the Loch Ness Centre & Exhibition for this engaging talk. Photography Workshops in the Isles (June 18 & July 11) Enhance your photography skills in Scotland’s picturesque landscapes. Join our expert photographers for hands-on workshops. 6/18—Isle of Skye Sceneries: meet at the Old Man of Storr parking area. 7/11—Capturing the Aurora: meet at the Shetland Isles Observatory. 36．What do we know about Young Clan’s Highland Games? A．It combines education and pleasure. B．It requires previous experience. C．It offers scenic views. D．It tests athletic skills. 37．Which of the following programs can we learn about Scotland’s wildlife and natural environment? A．Young Clan’s Highland Games. B．Wild Highlands Exploration. C．Loch Ness Legends and Lore. D．Photography Workshops in the Isles. 38．What do Wild Highlands Exploration and Loch Ness Legends and Lore have in common? A．Offering guided hikes. B．Enhancing photography skills. C．Being most suitable for families. D．Learning about traditional Scottish games. 39．Where can participants capture the Aurora? A．At the Old Man of Storr parking area. B．At the Shetland Isles Observatory. C．At the Glencoe Visitor Centre. D．At the Highland Folk Museum. 40．What is the main purpose of Scotland’s programs? A．To offer a variety of sports activities. B．To provide natural and cultural experiences. C．To focus on historical landmarks. D．To teach about wildlife conservation. B Is boredom a thing of the past, like black-and-white television? And, if so, is that a good thing? Julie Robinson, a former teacher who now represents the Independent Association of Prep Schools, thinks that boredom is regarded as an enemy of today’s children, and they are losing the ability to become thoughtful and reflective (沉思的). “We should not fear boredom.” said Julie Robinson. “Boredom is valuable to children. Quiet, reflective time is just as important as purposeful activity,” she added. Her opinion is that constant (连续不断的) activity for a child, often the result of the dreams of parents, will lead to concerned and worrying adult. The traditional ideas that children should be constantly active could prevent the development of their imagination. So anything that improves a greater thoughtfulness is to be warmly welcomed. Parents now feel a sense of failure when they hear their children complain about being bored. They seek an electronic devices (设备) to play games at once. And we didn’t feel bored during long car journeys anymore by the impatient “Are we there yet?” because all kinds of electronic devices have been taken along to avoid even a minute of boredom. So what chance do children have to allow their thoughts to wander? But it’s not just children who need lessons in reflection. Adults need that, too. On my train journey to work this morning, I couldn’t see a single person who wasn’t using an electronic device. No one was simply looking out of the window at the beautiful views of the county side. Not time for quiet thinking, even in the quiet library. There were emails to send, texts to read, and games to play. The wider world, seemingly, didn’t exist. The mobile phone has changed many things about our lives, and has developed an inability—among adults as well as children—to live in the present. What Julie Robinson regards is a cross-generational phenomenon (现象): the fear of “inactivity”. And she is right. 41．Julie Robinson thinks boredom is useful because it makes children . A．find effective solutions to social problems B．improve the ability to learn knowledge C．have time to think and have their imagination developed D．communicate more with their parents and friends 42．What’s the author’s attitude towards the action of parents in Paragraph 4? A．Negative B．Hopeful C．Positive D．Unconcerned 43．Which of the following is seen as “inactivity” according to the last paragraph? A．Sending emails on a train. B．Playing games with friends. C．Planning constant activity for children. D．Looking out of the window at the beautiful views. 44．The author mentioned the train journey to show that . A．the trip on a quiet train was very boring B．the view of the countryside was beautiful C．people had too much work to do D．electronic devices influence people’s life greatly 45．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Both adults and children like to stay alone and recall their past days. B．People fail to leave their children enough time to think and imagine. C．Electronic devices are always good for children. D．Parents should tell their children how to use a mobile phone. C Self-control is the ability to regulate and adjust responses in order to avoid undesirable behaviors, increase desirable ones, and achieve long-term goals. Common goals such as losing weight, exercising regularly, eating healthy food, giving up bad habits, and saving money are just a few worthwhile ambitions that people believe require self-control. One 2011 survey conducted by the American Psychological Association found that 27 percent of subjects identified a lack of willpower as the primary factor keeping them from reaching their goals. Researchers have found that people who have better self-control tend to be healthier and happier. In one experiment, students who exhibited greater self-control had  better  grades  and  higher  test  scores,  and  were  more  likely  to  be  admitted  to  a competitive academic program. The study also found that when it came to academic success, self-control was a more important factor than IQ scores. The psychologist Walter Mischel conducted famous experiments in 1975 that were related to delayed gratification. In these experiments, children were offered a choice: they could choose to eat one treat right away, usually a cookie or a candy or they could wait for a brief period of time in order to get two treats. At this point, the researcher would leave the child alone in a room with a single treat. Not surprisingly, many of the kids chose to eat the single treat the moment the experimenters left the room. However, some of the kids were able to wait for the second treat. Based on his research, Mischel proposed what he  referred to as a “hot-and-cool” system to explain the ability to delay gratification. The hot system refers to the part of our willpower that is emotional and impulsive ( 冲动的) and urges us to act upon our desires. The cool system is the part of our willpower that is rational ( 理性的) and thoughtful, and enables us to consider the consequences of our actions in order to resist our impulses. Self-control is an important skill that allows us to regulate behavior in order to achieve our long-term goals. Research has shown that self-control is not only important for goal attainment, and people with greater willpower also tend to do better on all sides. 46．From Paragraph 1, we can learn that a good self-control ability helps people . A．avoid various possible troubles B．communicate well with others C．show proper behaviors consciously D．deal with more important things timely 47．What kind of students does the author think will most probably do best in studies? A．Those having the highest IQ scores. B．Those respecting the teacher most. C．Those having the greatest willpower. D．Those performing most actively in class. 48．What does the underlined word “gratification” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Effect. B．Competition. C．Hardship. D．Enjoyment. 49．What can we learn from the experiments made by Mischel in 1975? A．Few children could get two treats. B．Not all the kids was short of patience. C．Most of the children ate another treat. D．Self-control is very important for one’s future. 50．Which of the following behaviors belongs to the cool system? A．Consuming plenty of sweet food. B．Staying up late at night often. C．Copying others’ homework. D．Quitting drinking high-sugar drinks. D Lego, the world’s largest toy company, has built a reputation not only for the durability (耐用性) of its bricks, but also for its large investment in sustainability (可持续性). So it was surprising when the Financial Times reported that Lego had pulled out of its well-known “Bottles to Bricks” project. This ambitious project aimed to replace traditional Lego plastic with a new material made from recycled plastic bottles. However, when Lego assessed the project’s environmental impact throughout its supply chain, it found that producing bricks with recycled plastic would require extra materials and energy to make them durable enough, which would result in higher carbon emissions. Therefore, the company decided to stick with its current fossil fuel-based materials while continuing to search for more sustainable alternatives. Pursuing sustainability requires attention to the entire life cycle of a product, which involves three types of emissions: Scope 1 emissions are generated directly by a company’s internal operations. Scope 2 emissions are caused by generating the electricity, steam, heat or cooling a company consumes. And scope 3 emissions are generated by a company’s supply chain. From 2022 to 2023, Lego’s total emissions increased by 30 percent — even though the company’s scope 2 emissions related to purchased energy decreased by 40 percent. The increase was almost entirely in its scope 3 emissions. Currently, fewer than 30 percent of companies report meaningful scope 3 emissions, in part because these emissions are difficult to track. But as more companies follow in Lego’s footsteps and begin reporting scope 3 emissions, they will likely find themselves in the same position, realizing that efforts to reduce carbon emissions often boil down to supply chain and consumer-use emissions. And the results may force them to make some tough choices. The Lego example serves as a cautionary (警世的) tale in a complex environment for which most companies are not well prepared. As more companies come under examination for their entire carbon footprint, we may see more situations where well-intentioned sustainability efforts come across uncomfortable truths. This calls for a careful understanding of sustainability, not as a list of good deeds, but as a complex, ongoing process that requires carefulness, openness and, above all, a devotion to the benefit of future generations. 51．What made Lego discontinue its “Bottles to Bricks” project? A．High production costs with recycled materials. B．Lack of public support with recycled materials. C．Not too much recycled plastic. D．Environmental issues with recycled materials. 52．What is the feature of scope 3 emissions? A．They are easier to track and control. B．They significantly contribute to carbon emissions. C．They have very small effects on sustainability efforts. D．They mainly come from companies’ internal processes. 53．How does Lego influence other companies according to the text? A．By helping them innovate green materials. B．By reminding them of supply chain emissions. C．By encouraging them to focus on product quality. D．By warning them of unpredictable market conditions. 54．What can be known from the Lego example? A．Companies should prioritize environmental concerns. B．Public awareness and support need to be emphasized. C．Sustainability requires continuous adaptation and efforts. D．Material innovation can ease companies’ environmental issues. 55．What can be the best title for the text? A．Lego’s future: a green and long journey B．The challenges to the toy industry C．The complexities of carbon emissions D．New plastic: a greener alternative 第二部分:写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。 I used to be a selfish girl and I only thought of myself. I did not care about helping others, but only about my look, clothes, money and grades. One day, I was suddenly influenced by my neighbor, who is now in college, and ended up wanting to volunteer for others. He had so much fun with volunteering and told me that he felt extremely good after helping others. I hoped to get the same results, for I felt worthless everywhere then. I viewed almost everything in a negative way, and I figured I had to experience something that would make me appreciate things that I had. I volunteered at the nursing home for a year where my neighbor volunteered. I brought snacks, coffee and games for the elderly patients, talked to them while sharing snacks, and played games like chess and checkers with them. Because they were Koreans, they often had trouble communicating with the helpers who were hired to help them. I sometimes translated things for them and offered to be their translator whenever they needed help. By volunteering at the nursing home, I changed a lot. I realized how lucky I am to speak both Korean and English and that I should help other people learn Korean as well. I had learned many life lessons through volunteering. By helping others, I felt needed in society. Not only did it enhance my confidence, but it also allowed others to benefit from it. Volunteering is a great opportunity to improve oneself, others, and the whole society. So if you ever have the chance, volunteer! It's something you won't regret! 56．What kind of person was the author before volunteering? (no more than 5 words) 57．Why did the author want to volunteer one day? (no more than 10 words) 58．What did the author do when the elderly patients had difficulty in communicating with the workers?(no more than 10 words) 59．What does the underlined word mean in paragraph4?(one word) 60．What do you think of volunteering after reading the text? Please explain.(no more than 25 words) 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61．假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津。在第17个全国防灾减灾日到来之际，你们学校开展了一次“安全进校园”的主题活动。你的英国朋友Chris很想了解该活动。你于当晚给Chris回一封电子邮件，介绍相关情况，内容包括： (1)活动目的； (2)活动安排(专家讲座、学习防灾减灾和自救等)； (3)活动感受。 注意： (1) 词数不少于 100； (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； (3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇： 全国防灾减灾日—National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day Dear Chris, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 绝密★考试结束前 2025-2026学年高二上学期第一次月考（天津卷） 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．（测试范围：外研版选修一Units1-3） 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．—Are you done with the book I gave you? — ________. I'm still reading the last chapter. A．Hard to say B．Not quite C．Of course D．It all depends 【答案】B 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我给你的那本书你看完了吗？——还没完全看完。我还在看最后一章。A. Hard to say很难说；B. Not quite不完全，未必；C. Of course当然；D.  It all depends要看情况而定。根据后文“I'm still reading the last chapter.”可知书还没完全看完，not quite符合语境。故选B。 2．Heavy drinking will cause ________ damage to the brain. A．permanent B．cruel C．worthy D．workaday 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：饮酒过量可能造成永久性脑损伤。A. permanent 永久性的；B. cruel残忍的；C. worthy值得的；D. workaday普通的。结合词义可知，选择permanent 一词合乎句意的需要，即过度饮酒对于大脑的损伤是长久的。故选A项。 3．The recent field research ________ the mystery of the Sanxingdui ancient tombs. A．cheered up B．burst onto C．threw light on D．benefited from 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：实地调查揭开了三星堆古墓之谜。A.cheered up欢呼；喝彩；B. burst on突然出现； C. threw light on使（问题等）较容易理解；阐明； D. benefited from从……获益。结合句意，这里指研究阐明了三星堆古墓的神秘。故选C。 4．While rock-climbing, you need to remain very ________ so that you won’t make any dangerous errors. A．amused B．delighted C．concentrated D．impressed 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：攀岩时，你需要保持高度专注，以便于你不会犯任何危险的错误。A. amused好笑的；B. delighted高兴的；C. concentrated聚精会神的；D. impressed印象深刻的。结合词义可知，选择concentrated作remain的表语，合乎句意的需要。故选C项。 5．The Science Museum, ________ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions. A．which B．what C．that D．where 【答案】A 【详解】本题考查定语从句。解题步骤：1. 确定关系词：先行词the Science Museum，which指代先行词在句中作visit的宾语，what不能引导定语从句，where在句中作状语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。句意：在最近去英国的一次旅行中我们参观的那一家自然博物馆是伦敦的一个旅游景点。故选A。 6．It was then ________I recalled that I had left my wristwatch up in the bar. A．that B．when C．where D．what 【答案】A 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：就在那时，我想起我把手表忘在酒吧里了。强调句的构成: It is/was +被强调的成分+ that/who +其它成分，本句中被强调的是副词then，它在原句中作状语，原句为：Then I recalled that I had left my wristwatch up in the bar.故选A项。 7．Endurance, perseverance, industry and talent are the means ________ men can achieve great ends A．in which B．by which C．of which D．on which 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句和介词辨析。句意：耐力、毅力、勤奋和才干是人们实现伟大目标的手段。空格处引导定语从句，先行词为means（手段），指物，人们实现伟大目标是“凭借”前面提到的手段的，因此可以确定介词为by，which指代先行词作宾语。故选B项。 8．With exams________, it’s a good idea to review your class notes. A．approaching B．approached C．to approach D．approach 【答案】A 【详解】考查with的复合结构。句意：随着考试的临近，复习课堂笔记是个好主意。 exams 与动词approach是主动关系，结合句意的需要，表示考试“正在靠近”，因此使用现在分词作宾语补足语，构成“with+宾语+现在分词”的结构。 故选A项。 9．He made a number of rude ________ about the food on the Internet. A．remarks B．spots C．dawns D．gentleness 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于食物他发表了许多无礼的评论。A.remarks评论；B. spots地点；C. dawns黎明；D.gentleness柔和，高贵。结合词义可知，选择remarks(评论)合乎句意的需要，故选A项。 10．Wealth does not ________ happiness. A．conclude B．preserve C．deserve D．guarantee 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：财富并不能保证幸福。A. conclude总结；B. preserve保护；C. deserve值得；D. guarantee保证。根据句意并结合常识可知，财富并不能保证幸福。故选D。 11．We regret ________ you that the book you need is not available at the moment in this library. A．having told B．telling C．to tell D．to have told 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们很遗憾地告诉你，你需要的书目前在这个图书馆里没有。regret to do sth：遗憾要做某事，regret doing sth.后悔做过某事；根据句意的需要，此处表示的不是“后悔告诉了你”，而是“遗憾地要告诉你”。故选C项。 12．（2016·浙江）　　　　 online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive. A．Since B．After C．While D．Unless 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是不是其所有的影响都是积极的。while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”；since既然，自从；after在……之后；unless除非。故选C。 考点：考查连词。 【名师点睛】这几个词都是连词，要分清每个连词短语的含义和用法，做题时关键看上下文和逻辑关系。since引导原因/时间状语从句；after引导时间状语从句；while引导让步/时间状语从句；unless引导的是条件状语从句。while的用法比较多，不仅仅在选择题中经常出现，学生在做阅读理解、完形填空的时候，遇到while一定要判断它的准确含义，以便于正确理解句子的意思。 13．--- Where will you start your work after graduation? --- Mum, it’s not been decided yet. I ______ continue my study for a higher degree. A．need B．must C．would D．might 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——毕业后你会在哪里工作？——妈妈，还没有确定下来呢。我可能会继续学习获得更高的学位。A. need需要；B. must必须；C. would将；D. might可能。根据答语中的“it’s not been decided yet”可知，此处暗含不太确定的语气，空处应用情态动词might，表示“可能”。故选D项。 14．Since then the number of people taking driving Lessons 20%. A．has increased to B．have increased to C．has increased by D．have increased by 【答案】C 【详解】考查时态、主谓一致和固定短语。句意：从那时起，上驾驶课程的人数增加了20%。根据“ since then”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语为the number of people，谓语动词为单数形式。increase to “增加到”，increase by“增加了”，再结合句意。故选C项。 15．________ is known to us all is that tobacco contains nicotine, so you should give up smoking. A．As B．It C．What D．Which 【答案】C 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们都知道香烟含有尼古丁，所以你应该戒烟。第二个is是谓语，“__ is known to us all ”是主语从句，主语从句缺少主语，用连接代词what引导。故选C。 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。It was early winter several years ago. I had pulled out my old winter 16 for another year’s use. It was still in pretty good 17 after so many winters’ wear. I didn’t really need a new one but I wanted one and 18 mentioned it to my daughter one day. She is such a sweet, loving soul that I should have 19 what would happen next. A few weeks later she gave me a 20 of a bright red, brand new, winter’s coat. I put the old one in my closet(壁橱)and started to 21 the new coat every day. Each day, though, when I opened my closet, something upset me. It seemed a 22 that my still good, old coat should just sit there keeping no one 23 during the cold, winter days. After a few weeks I took it out and drove to a local charity. I knew that there someone who couldn’t 24 a coat might get my old one. I 25 and walked out the door. Then I saw a shaking man in only a 26 jacket walking in. I wondered if he would 27 my old coat. Then I smiled and went home with a warm heart. My new coat is old now. It is in too bad of shape to even give away to 28 .I wonder if I should buy a new one soon but I think I will 29 a while. I don’t really need a new one and maybe I can find a few more things to give to the charity 30 . Ralph Waldo Emerson once said: “ 31 is a growing giant whom the coat of Have was never large enough to cover.” Perhaps the best way to deal with our wants is by 32 and giving of ourselves. Love, after all, brings us the most 33 . And the more of it you 34 , the more of it you have. May all of your days be full of warmth! May all of your days be full of 35 ! May all of your days be full of love! 16．A．jacket B．sweater C．dress D．coat 17．A．shape B．size C．order D．position 18．A．carelessly B．confidently C．fearfully D．literally 19．A．dreamed B．guessed C．forgot D．doubted 20．A．gift B．hope C．reward D．selection 21．A．check B．wear C．appreciate D．share 22．A．relief B．shame C．chance D．honour 23．A．content B．firm C．warm D．generous 24．A．wash B．tailor C．donate D．afford 25．A．put it down B．tried it on C．kept it off D．picked it up 26．A．new B．thin C．cool D．nice 27．A．get used to B．put up with C．keep away from D．end up in 28．A．charity B．school C．government D．church 29．A．stop B．prepare C．wait D．choose 30．A．likewise B．otherwise C．instead D．indeed 31．A．Take B．Lose C．Forgive D．Want 32．A．accepting B．enjoying C．sharing D．understanding 33．A．hope B．joy C．trust D．luck 34．A．ask for B．take in C．give away D．bring in 35．A．option B．giving C．surprise D．opportunity 【答案】 16．D 17．A 18．A 19．B 20．A 21．B 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．A 26．B 27．D 28．A 29．C 30．C 31．D 32．C 33．B 34．C 35．B 【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述两件大衣的故事，阐述处理我们的欲望的最好方法是捐赠我们自己的东西。你付出的越多，你拥有的也就越多。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把我的旧冬衣拿出来，准备再穿一年。A. jacket夹克；B. sweater毛衣；C. dress连衣裙，套裙；D. coat外套。根据后文“I put the old one in my closet(壁橱)and started to____6______ the new coat every day. (我把旧的那件放在衣柜里，开始每天穿新外套。)”以及“my old winter(旧的冬天的)”可知，作者拿出了旧的冬天的外套准备再穿一年。故选D。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过这么多冬天的磨损，衣服仍然保持得很好。A. shape形状；B. size尺寸；C. order命令；D. position位置，地点。根据本句“after so many winters’ wear(经过这么多冬天的磨损)”可知，经过这么多冬天的磨损，衣服仍然保持得很好。“in good shape”状态很好,此处指的是衣服的状态良好。故选A。 18．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我其实并不需要一个新的，但我想要一个，有一天我无意地向我女儿提起了这件事。A. carelessly粗心地，无意地；B. confidently自信地；C. fearfully可怕地；D. literally真正地。根据本句“but I wanted one(但我想要一个)”可知，作者无意地向女儿提及这件事。故选A。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是一个如此甜美可爱的人，我应该猜到接下来会发生什么。A. dreamed梦想；B. guessed猜测；C. forgot忘记；D. doubted怀疑。根据“but I wanted one and 　　3　　 mentioned it to my daughter one day.(但我想要一个，有一天我不小心向我女儿提起了这件事。)”以及“She is such a sweet, loving soul(她是一个如此甜美可爱的人)”可知，作者的女儿是会给作者买衣服的，故作者会猜到接下来会发生什么。故选B。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个星期后，她送给我一件礼物，是一件鲜红色的、崭新的冬衣。A. gift礼物；B. hope希望；C. reward酬谢；D. selection选择。根据上文“I didn’t really need a new one but I wanted one and 　　3　　 mentioned it to my daughter one day.(我其实并不需要一个新的，但我想要一个，有一天我不小心向我女儿提起了这件事)”以及“She is such a sweet, loving soul that I should have 　　4　　what would happen next.(她是一个如此甜美可爱的人，我应该猜到接下来会发生什么。)”可知，作者向女儿提及自己想要新的外套，于是女儿给作者买了一件新的冬天的外套作为礼物。故选A。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把旧的那件放在衣柜里，开始每天穿新外套。A. check核对；B. wear穿着；C. appreciate感激；D. share分享。根据“I put the old one in my closet(壁橱)(我把旧的那件放在衣柜里)”可知，作者开始穿女儿买的新衣服。故选B。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在寒冷的冬天里，我那件仍然很好的旧外套放在那里不给任何人保暖，这似乎是一种耻辱。A. relief宽慰，轻松；B. shame羞耻，羞愧；C. chance机会；D. honour尊敬；荣幸。根据本句“my still good, old coat should just sit there keeping no one　　8　　 during the cold, winter days.(我那件仍然很好的旧外套坐在那里不给任何人保暖)”可知，作者认为自己的旧外套放起来不穿是一件羞耻的事。故选B。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. content满足的，满意的；B. firm结实的，坚硬的；C. warm温暖的；D. generous慷慨的。根据本句“during the cold, winter days(在寒冷的冬天里)”可知，作者认为在寒冷的冬天里，旧的外套放起来不用，不能给人带来温暖。故选C。 24．考查词动词义辨析。句意：我知道有些买不起外套的人可能会得到我的旧外套。A. wash洗；B. tailor迎合，使适应；C. donate捐赠；D. afford买得起。根据本句“might get my old one(可能会得到我的旧外套)”可知，有些买不起外套的人可能会得到我的旧外套。故选D。 25．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我把它放下，走出了门。A. put it down放下；B. tried it on试穿；C. kept it off远离；D. picked it up捡起。根据本句“walked out the door.(走出了门)”可知，作者放下外套，走出去。故选A。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我看见一个浑身发抖的人走进来，身上只穿着一件薄夹克。A. new新的；B. thin薄的；C. cool酷的；D. nice美丽的。根据“a shaking man(一个浑身发抖的人)”可知，这个男人穿的外套很薄。故选B。 27．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我不知道他最后会不会穿我的旧外套。A. get used to习惯于；B. put up with忍受、容忍；C. keep away from远离；D. end up in在……结束。根据上文“Then I saw a shaking man in only a 　　11　　 jacket walking in.(然后我看见一个浑身发抖的人走进来，身上只穿着一件薄夹克。)”可知，作者想这个男人会不会穿上自己的旧外套。故选D。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的状况太糟糕了，甚至不能捐给慈善机构。A. charity慈善；B. school学校；C. government政府；D. church教堂。根据后文“I don’t really need a new one and maybe I can find a few more things to give to the charity 　　15　　.(我真的不需要新的，也许我可以多找一些东西捐给慈善机构)”可知，作者觉得外套的状况太糟糕了，甚至不能捐给慈善机构。故选A。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道我是否应该尽快买一个新的，但我想我会等一会儿。A. stop停止；B. prepare准备；C. wait等待；D. choose选择。根据“I don’t really need a new one(我不真的需要新的)”可知，作者并不真的需要新的，所以决定等一等。故选C。 30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我真的不需要一个新的，反而也许我可以找到一些东西给慈善机构。A. likewise同样地，类似地；B. otherwise否则，不然；C. instead代替，顶替；D. indeed确实，的确。根据上句“My new coat is old now. It is in too bad of shape to even give away to 　　13　　(它的状况太糟糕了，甚至不能捐给慈善机构。)”以及本句“maybe I can find a few more things(也许我可以多找一些东西)”可知，作者觉得外套的状况太糟糕了不能捐给慈善机构，作者想多找一些东西代替捐赠给慈善机构。故选C。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：需求是一个成长中的巨人，他的外套从来没有大到足以覆盖他。A. Take带走；B. Lose失去；C. Forgive原谅；D. Want需求。根据“Perhaps the best way to deal with our wants is by 　　17　　 and giving of ourselves.(也许解决我们的需求的最好方法是分享和给予我们自己的东西)”可知，需求是一个成长中的巨人。故选D。 32．考查词词义辨析。句意：也许解决我们的需求的最好方法是分享和给予我们自己的东西。A. accepting接受；B. enjoying欣赏；C. sharing分享；D. understanding理解。根据“giving of ourselves(给予我们自己的东西)”可知，解决我们的需求的最好方法是分享给予我们自己的东西。故选C。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，爱给我们带来了最大的快乐。A. hope希望；B. joy快乐；C. trust信任；D. luck运气。根据后文“And the more of it you 　　19　　, the more of it you have.(你给予的越多，你拥有的也就越多)”可知，给予他人的越多，你拥有的快乐也就越多。故选B。 34．考查词词义辨析。句意：你给予的越多，你拥有的也就越多。A. ask for请求；B. take in吸收；C. give away赠送；送出；D. bring in引入，包括。根据上文“Perhaps the best way to deal with our wants is by 　　17　　 and giving of ourselves.(也许解决我们的需求的最好方法是分享和给予我们自己的东西)”可知，给予他人的越多，拥有的也快乐就越多。故选C。 35．考查词词义辨析。句意：愿你的每一天都充满奉献。A. option选择，选择权；B. giving给予；C. surprise惊讶；D. opportunity机会。根据“And the more of it you 　　19　　, the more of it you have. May all of your days be full of warmth!(你给予的越多，你拥有的也就越多)”可知，给予他人的越多，拥有的也快乐就越多，作者愿大家的每一天都充满奉献。故选B。 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Scotland’s landscapes, history, and culture offer a great variety of experiences. This summer, join our unique ranger programs to discover Scotland like never before! Young Clan’s Highland Games (June 4 to August 22) A delightful experience for children! Test their skills in traditional Scottish games and compare their abilities to the historical legends of Scotland. No prior experience needed. Fun and educational, this program is flexible to fit your schedule. Meet at the Highland Folk Museum. Wild Highland’s Exploration (May 25 to September 3) Immerse yourself in the rugged (崎岖的)beauty of the Scottish Highlands. Perfect for families, this program offers guided hikes through scenic trails, wildlife spotting, and camping adventures. Learn about Scotland’s native wildlife and how to responsibly enjoy the natural environment. Gather at the Glencoe Visitor Center. Loch Ness Loch Ness Legends and Lore (June 8 to September 3) At the world-famous Loch Ness, this program combines breathtaking views with attractive stories about Loch’s history, and the mysterious Nessie. Ideal for families and photography enthusiasts. Meet at the Loch Ness Centre & Exhibition for this engaging talk. Photography Workshops in the Isles (June 18 & July 11) Enhance your photography skills in Scotland’s picturesque landscapes. Join our expert photographers for hands-on workshops. 6/18—Isle of Skye Sceneries: meet at the Old Man of Storr parking area. 7/11—Capturing the Aurora: meet at the Shetland Isles Observatory. 36．What do we know about Young Clan’s Highland Games? A．It combines education and pleasure. B．It requires previous experience. C．It offers scenic views. D．It tests athletic skills. 37．Which of the following programs can we learn about Scotland’s wildlife and natural environment? A．Young Clan’s Highland Games. B．Wild Highlands Exploration. C．Loch Ness Legends and Lore. D．Photography Workshops in the Isles. 38．What do Wild Highlands Exploration and Loch Ness Legends and Lore have in common? A．Offering guided hikes. B．Enhancing photography skills. C．Being most suitable for families. D．Learning about traditional Scottish games. 39．Where can participants capture the Aurora? A．At the Old Man of Storr parking area. B．At the Shetland Isles Observatory. C．At the Glencoe Visitor Centre. D．At the Highland Folk Museum. 40．What is the main purpose of Scotland’s programs? A．To offer a variety of sports activities. B．To provide natural and cultural experiences. C．To focus on historical landmarks. D．To teach about wildlife conservation. 【答案】36．A 37．B 38．C 39．B 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了苏格兰地区的多个旅游活动和项目，旨在吸引读者参加这些活动，深入探索和体验苏格兰的自然风光、历史文化和传统活动。 36．细节理解题。根据文章Young Clan’s Highland Games部分中的“A delightful experience for children! Test their skills in traditional Scottish games and compare their abilities to the historical legends of Scotland. No prior experience needed. Fun and educational, this program is flexible to fit your schedule. (对孩子们来说是一次愉快的经历！在传统的苏格兰游戏中测试他们的技能，并将他们的能力与苏格兰的历史传说进行比较。不需要之前的经验。有趣和教育，这个程序是灵活的，以适应您的日程安排。)”可知，Young Clan’s Highland Games在游戏中测试技能，将玩乐和教育相结合。故选A。 37．细节理解题。根据文章Wild Highland’s Exploration部分中的“Learn about Scotland’s native wildlife and how to responsibly enjoy the natural environment. (了解苏格兰本地的野生动物以及如何负责任地欣赏当地的自然环境。)”可知，在Wild Highlands Exploration这一项目能够了解苏格兰的野生动物和自然环境，故选B。 38．细节理解题。根据文章Wild Highlands Exploration部分中的“Perfect for families, this program offers guided hikes through scenic trails, wildlife spotting, and camping adventures. (对家庭出游而言是完美的，这个项目提供引导徒步旅行通过风景秀丽的小径，野生动物发现，和露营冒险。)”和Loch Ness Legends and Lore部分中的“Ideal for families and photography enthusiasts. (适合家庭和摄影爱好者。)”可知，这两种旅游活动都适合家庭出游。故选C。 39．细节理解题。根据文章Photography Workshops in the Isles部分“7/11—Capturing the Aurora: meet at the Shetland Isles Observatory. (11月7日——捕捉极光：在Shetland群岛天文台。)”可知，可以在Shetland群岛天文台捕捉极光，故选B。 40．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Scotland’s landscapes, history, and culture offer a great variety of experiences. This summer, join our unique ranger programs to discover Scotland like never before! (苏格兰的风景、历史和文化提供了各种各样的体验。今年夏天，加入我们独特的游玩计划，以前所未有的方式探索苏格兰！)”可推知，这些项目的主要目的是为游客提供自然和文化体验。故选B。 B Is boredom a thing of the past, like black-and-white television? And, if so, is that a good thing? Julie Robinson, a former teacher who now represents the Independent Association of Prep Schools, thinks that boredom is regarded as an enemy of today’s children, and they are losing the ability to become thoughtful and reflective (沉思的). “We should not fear boredom.” said Julie Robinson. “Boredom is valuable to children. Quiet, reflective time is just as important as purposeful activity,” she added. Her opinion is that constant (连续不断的) activity for a child, often the result of the dreams of parents, will lead to concerned and worrying adult. The traditional ideas that children should be constantly active could prevent the development of their imagination. So anything that improves a greater thoughtfulness is to be warmly welcomed. Parents now feel a sense of failure when they hear their children complain about being bored. They seek an electronic devices (设备) to play games at once. And we didn’t feel bored during long car journeys anymore by the impatient “Are we there yet?” because all kinds of electronic devices have been taken along to avoid even a minute of boredom. So what chance do children have to allow their thoughts to wander? But it’s not just children who need lessons in reflection. Adults need that, too. On my train journey to work this morning, I couldn’t see a single person who wasn’t using an electronic device. No one was simply looking out of the window at the beautiful views of the county side. Not time for quiet thinking, even in the quiet library. There were emails to send, texts to read, and games to play. The wider world, seemingly, didn’t exist. The mobile phone has changed many things about our lives, and has developed an inability—among adults as well as children—to live in the present. What Julie Robinson regards is a cross-generational phenomenon (现象): the fear of “inactivity”. And she is right. 41．Julie Robinson thinks boredom is useful because it makes children . A．find effective solutions to social problems B．improve the ability to learn knowledge C．have time to think and have their imagination developed D．communicate more with their parents and friends 42．What’s the author’s attitude towards the action of parents in Paragraph 4? A．Negative B．Hopeful C．Positive D．Unconcerned 43．Which of the following is seen as “inactivity” according to the last paragraph? A．Sending emails on a train. B．Playing games with friends. C．Planning constant activity for children. D．Looking out of the window at the beautiful views. 44．The author mentioned the train journey to show that . A．the trip on a quiet train was very boring B．the view of the countryside was beautiful C．people had too much work to do D．electronic devices influence people’s life greatly 45．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Both adults and children like to stay alone and recall their past days. B．People fail to leave their children enough time to think and imagine. C．Electronic devices are always good for children. D．Parents should tell their children how to use a mobile phone. 【答案】41．C 42．A 43．D 44．D 45．B 【导语】本文是说明文。现在人们都使用手机等电子产品来避免无聊，而作者认为无聊的存在是有其意义的——可以让孩子们在无聊中对一些问题进行思考。 41．细节理解题。根据第二段中Julie Robinson说的话“Boredom is valuable to children. Quiet, reflective time is just as important as purposeful activity,(无聊对孩子来说是有价值的。安静、沉思的时间和有目的的活动一样重要)”和第三段中“The traditional ideas that children should be constantly active could prevent the development of their imagination. So anything that improves a greater thoughtfulness is to be warmly welcomed.(传统观念认为孩子应该不断活跃，这会阻碍他们想象力的发展。因此，任何能够提高更深思熟虑的事情都会受到热烈欢迎。)”可知，Julie Robinson认为无聊是有用的，因为它能让孩子们有时间思考，且发展他们的想象力，故选C。 42．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Parents now feel a sense of failure when they hear their children complain about being bored. They seek an electronic devices (设备) to play games at once. And we didn’t feel bored during long car journeys anymore by the impatient “Are we there yet?” because all kinds of electronic devices have been taken along to avoid even a minute of boredom. (现在，当父母听到孩子抱怨无聊时，他们会感到一种失败感。他们寻找一种可以立即玩游戏的电子设备。在长途汽车旅行中，我们再也不会因为不耐烦地问“我们到了吗?”而感到无聊，因为各种各样的电子设备已经随身携带，以避免哪怕是一分钟的无聊)”和第五段中“But it’s not just children who need lessons in reflection. Adults need that, too. (但不仅仅是孩子们需要反思，大人们也需要)”可知，当父母听到孩子感到无聊时，总是给他们电子设备让他们来玩游戏，这使得孩子没有时间进行反思，由此可推知，作者对第四段中父母的行为持否定态度，故选A。 43．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“On my train journey to work this morning, I couldn’t see a single person who wasn’t using an electronic device. No one was simply looking out of the window at the beautiful views of the county side. Not time for quiet thinking, even in the quiet library.  There were emails to send, texts to read, and games to play. The wider world, seemingly, didn’t exist. The mobile phone has changed many things about our lives, and has developed an inability—among adults as well as children—to live in the present. What Julie Robinson regards is a cross-generational phenomenon (现象): the fear of “inactivity”. (今天早上在去上班的火车上，我看不到一个人不使用电子设备。没有人只是简单地向窗外看县城的美景。没有时间安静的思考，即使在安静的图书馆。有邮件要发，有短信要读，有游戏要玩。更广阔的世界，似乎并不存在。手机已经改变了我们生活中的许多事情，并且已经使成年人和儿童都无法生活在当下。朱莉·罗宾逊认为这是一个跨代现象：对“不活跃”的恐惧。)”可知，“不活跃”现象指的是人们安静的这种状态，即上文提到的无聊现象，如今人们害怕无聊，所以会经常看手机，或者不间断的做一些打发无聊的事情。由此可推知，D项“望着窗外美丽的景色”被认为是一种“不活跃”现象，故选D。 44．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“On my train journey to work this morning, I couldn’t see a single person who wasn’t using an electronic device. No one was simply looking out of the window at the beautiful views of the county side. Not time for quiet thinking, even in the quiet library. There were emails to send, texts to read, and games to play. The wider world, seemingly, didn’t exist. The mobile phone has changed many things about our lives, and has developed an inability—among adults as well as children—to live in the present.(今天早上在去上班的火车上，我看不到一个人不使用电子设备。没有人只是简单地向窗外看县城的美景。没有时间安静的思考，即使在安静的图书馆。有邮件要发，有短信要读，有游戏要玩。更广阔的世界，似乎并不存在。手机已经改变了我们生活中的许多事情，并且已经使成年人和儿童都无法生活在当下。)”可推知，作者提到了火车旅行，是为了表明电子设备对人们的生活影响很大，故选D。 45．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Boredom is valuable to children. Quiet, reflective time is just as important as purposeful activity,(无聊对孩子来说是有价值的。安静、沉思的时间和有目的的活动一样重要)”和第四段中“Parents now feel a sense of failure when they hear their children complain about being bored. They seek an electronic devices (设备) to play games at once. And we didn’t feel bored during long car journeys anymore by the impatient “Are we there yet?” because all kinds of electronic devices have been taken along to avoid even a minute of boredom. (现在，当父母听到孩子抱怨无聊时，他们会感到一种失败感。他们寻找一种可以立即玩游戏的电子设备。在长途汽车旅行中，我们再也不会因为不耐烦地问“我们到了吗？”而感到无聊，因为各种各样的电子设备已经随身携带，以避免哪怕是一分钟的无聊。)”可知，人们没有给他们的孩子足够的时间去思考和想象。故选B。 C Self-control is the ability to regulate and adjust responses in order to avoid undesirable behaviors, increase desirable ones, and achieve long-term goals. Common goals such as losing weight, exercising regularly, eating healthy food, giving up bad habits, and saving money are just a few worthwhile ambitions that people believe require self-control. One 2011 survey conducted by the American Psychological Association found that 27 percent of subjects identified a lack of willpower as the primary factor keeping them from reaching their goals. Researchers have found that people who have better self-control tend to be healthier and happier. In one experiment, students who exhibited greater self-control had  better  grades  and  higher  test  scores,  and  were  more  likely  to  be  admitted  to  a competitive academic program. The study also found that when it came to academic success, self-control was a more important factor than IQ scores. The psychologist Walter Mischel conducted famous experiments in 1975 that were related to delayed gratification. In these experiments, children were offered a choice: they could choose to eat one treat right away, usually a cookie or a candy or they could wait for a brief period of time in order to get two treats. At this point, the researcher would leave the child alone in a room with a single treat. Not surprisingly, many of the kids chose to eat the single treat the moment the experimenters left the room. However, some of the kids were able to wait for the second treat. Based on his research, Mischel proposed what he  referred to as a “hot-and-cool” system to explain the ability to delay gratification. The hot system refers to the part of our willpower that is emotional and impulsive ( 冲动的) and urges us to act upon our desires. The cool system is the part of our willpower that is rational ( 理性的) and thoughtful, and enables us to consider the consequences of our actions in order to resist our impulses. Self-control is an important skill that allows us to regulate behavior in order to achieve our long-term goals. Research has shown that self-control is not only important for goal attainment, and people with greater willpower also tend to do better on all sides. 46．From Paragraph 1, we can learn that a good self-control ability helps people . A．avoid various possible troubles B．communicate well with others C．show proper behaviors consciously D．deal with more important things timely 47．What kind of students does the author think will most probably do best in studies? A．Those having the highest IQ scores. B．Those respecting the teacher most. C．Those having the greatest willpower. D．Those performing most actively in class. 48．What does the underlined word “gratification” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Effect. B．Competition. C．Hardship. D．Enjoyment. 49．What can we learn from the experiments made by Mischel in 1975? A．Few children could get two treats. B．Not all the kids was short of patience. C．Most of the children ate another treat. D．Self-control is very important for one’s future. 50．Which of the following behaviors belongs to the cool system? A．Consuming plenty of sweet food. B．Staying up late at night often. C．Copying others’ homework. D．Quitting drinking high-sugar drinks. 【答案】46．C 47．C 48．D 49．B 50．D 【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了自我控制是一项重要的技能，它使我们能够规范行为，以实现我们的长期目标。研究表明，自我控制不仅对实现目标很重要，而且意志力更强的人往往在各方面都做得更好。同时分析了自控力的形成原因。 46．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Self-control is the ability to regulate and adjust responses in order to avoid undesirable behaviors, increase desirable ones, and achieve long-term goals.可知自我控制是为了避免不良行为、增加可取行为和实现长期目标而调节和调整反应的能力。即良好的自我控制能力可以帮助人们有意识地表现出正确的行为。故选C。 47．细节理解题。第二段中In one experiment, students who exhibited greater self-control had  better  grades  and  higher  test  scores,  and  were  more  likely  to  be  admitted  to  a competitive academic program.可知表现出更强自我控制能力的学生成绩更好，考试分数更高，更有可能被一个竞争激烈的学术项目录取。即意志力最强的学生最有可能在学习上取得最好的成绩。故选C。 48．词义猜测题。根据下文In these experiments, children were offered a choice: they could choose to eat one treat right away, usually a cookie or a candy or they could wait for a brief period of time in order to get two treats.（在这些实验中，孩子们被提供了一个选择:他们可以选择马上吃一种零食，通常是一块饼干或一块糖果，或者他们可以等一小段时间，以便得到两种零食。）可推知让小孩选择立即吃一颗糖，还是等待后吃两颗糖这个实验是有关于“延迟满足”的，故划线部分单词意思为“享受；满足”，A. Effect.影响；B. Competition.竞争；C. Hardship.困苦；D. Enjoyment.享受。故选D。 49．推理判断题。根据第三段Not surprisingly, many of the kids chose to eat the single treat the moment the experimenters left the room. However, some of the kids were able to wait for the second treat.（不出所料，许多孩子在实验者离开房间的那一刻就选择了吃单一的食物。然而，一些孩子能够等待第二次治疗。）可知我们能从米歇尔1975年的实验中了解到并不是所有的孩子都缺乏耐心。故选B。 50．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句The cool system is the part of our willpower that is rational and thoughtful, and enables us to consider the consequences of our actions in order to resist our impulses.（冷系统是我们意志力的一部分，它是理性的、深思熟虑的，它使我们能够考虑我们行为的后果，从而抑制我们的冲动。）可知冷系统是我们意志力的一部分是理性和周到的，是我们可以考虑我们行为的后果。分析选项只有D选项“停止喝高糖饮料”是考虑行为后果的做法，故选D。 【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。如第五小题，根据倒数第二段最后一句The cool system is the part of our willpower that is rational and thoughtful, and enables us to consider the consequences of our actions in order to resist our impulses.（冷系统是我们意志力的一部分，它是理性的、深思熟虑的，它使我们能够考虑我们行为的后果，从而抑制我们的冲动。）可知冷系统是我们意志力的一部分是理性和周到的，是我们可以考虑我们行为的后果。分析选项只有D选项“停止喝高糖饮料”是考虑行为后果的做法，故选D。 D Lego, the world’s largest toy company, has built a reputation not only for the durability (耐用性) of its bricks, but also for its large investment in sustainability (可持续性). So it was surprising when the Financial Times reported that Lego had pulled out of its well-known “Bottles to Bricks” project. This ambitious project aimed to replace traditional Lego plastic with a new material made from recycled plastic bottles. However, when Lego assessed the project’s environmental impact throughout its supply chain, it found that producing bricks with recycled plastic would require extra materials and energy to make them durable enough, which would result in higher carbon emissions. Therefore, the company decided to stick with its current fossil fuel-based materials while continuing to search for more sustainable alternatives. Pursuing sustainability requires attention to the entire life cycle of a product, which involves three types of emissions: Scope 1 emissions are generated directly by a company’s internal operations. Scope 2 emissions are caused by generating the electricity, steam, heat or cooling a company consumes. And scope 3 emissions are generated by a company’s supply chain. From 2022 to 2023, Lego’s total emissions increased by 30 percent — even though the company’s scope 2 emissions related to purchased energy decreased by 40 percent. The increase was almost entirely in its scope 3 emissions. Currently, fewer than 30 percent of companies report meaningful scope 3 emissions, in part because these emissions are difficult to track. But as more companies follow in Lego’s footsteps and begin reporting scope 3 emissions, they will likely find themselves in the same position, realizing that efforts to reduce carbon emissions often boil down to supply chain and consumer-use emissions. And the results may force them to make some tough choices. The Lego example serves as a cautionary (警世的) tale in a complex environment for which most companies are not well prepared. As more companies come under examination for their entire carbon footprint, we may see more situations where well-intentioned sustainability efforts come across uncomfortable truths. This calls for a careful understanding of sustainability, not as a list of good deeds, but as a complex, ongoing process that requires carefulness, openness and, above all, a devotion to the benefit of future generations. 51．What made Lego discontinue its “Bottles to Bricks” project? A．High production costs with recycled materials. B．Lack of public support with recycled materials. C．Not too much recycled plastic. D．Environmental issues with recycled materials. 52．What is the feature of scope 3 emissions? A．They are easier to track and control. B．They significantly contribute to carbon emissions. C．They have very small effects on sustainability efforts. D．They mainly come from companies’ internal processes. 53．How does Lego influence other companies according to the text? A．By helping them innovate green materials. B．By reminding them of supply chain emissions. C．By encouraging them to focus on product quality. D．By warning them of unpredictable market conditions. 54．What can be known from the Lego example? A．Companies should prioritize environmental concerns. B．Public awareness and support need to be emphasized. C．Sustainability requires continuous adaptation and efforts. D．Material innovation can ease companies’ environmental issues. 55．What can be the best title for the text? A．Lego’s future: a green and long journey B．The challenges to the toy industry C．The complexities of carbon emissions D．New plastic: a greener alternative 【答案】51．D 52．B 53．B 54．C 55．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过乐高公司放弃“瓶子变积木”项目的例子，说明了在追求可持续性时需要考虑产品整个生命周期的碳排放，特别是供应链中的排放。 51．细节理解题。根据第二段“This ambitious project aimed to replace traditional Lego plastic with a new material made from recycled plastic bottles. However, when Lego assessed the project’s environmental impact throughout its supply chain, it found that producing bricks with recycled plastic would require extra materials and energy to make them durable enough, which would result in higher carbon emissions. Therefore, the company decided to stick with its current fossil fuel-based materials while continuing to search for more sustainable alternatives.(这个雄心勃勃的项目旨在用回收塑料瓶制成的新材料取代传统的乐高塑料。然而，当乐高评估该项目对整个供应链的环境影响时，它发现用回收塑料生产积木需要额外的材料和能源，以使它们足够耐用，这将导致更高的碳排放。因此，该公司决定继续使用目前的化石燃料为基础的材料，同时继续寻找更可持续的替代品)”可知，因为回收材料的环境问题导致乐高终止了“瓶子变积木”的项目。 52．细节理解题。根据第三段“And scope 3 emissions are generated by a company’s supply chain. From 2022 to 2023, Lego’s total emissions increased by 30 percent — even though the company’s scope 2 emissions related to purchased energy decreased by 40 percent. The increase was almost entirely in its scope 3 emissions.(第三类排放是由公司的供应链产生的。从2022年到2023年，乐高的总排放量增加了30%，尽管该公司与购买能源相关的范围2排放量减少了40%。这一增长几乎全部来自第三类排放)”可知，第三类排放的特点是大大增加了碳排放。故选B项。 53．细节理解题。根据第四段“Currently, fewer than 30 percent of companies report meaningful scope 3 emissions, in part because these emissions are difficult to track. But as more companies follow in Lego’s footsteps and begin reporting scope 3 emissions, they will likely find themselves in the same position, realizing that efforts to reduce carbon emissions often boil down to supply chain and consumer-use emissions. And the results may force them to make some tough choices.(目前，只有不到30%的公司报告了有意义的第3类排放，部分原因是这些排放难以追踪。但随着越来越多的公司跟随乐高的脚步，开始报告第3类排放，他们可能会发现自己处于同样的境地，意识到减少碳排放的努力往往归结为供应链和消费者使用的排放。结果可能会迫使他们做出一些艰难的选择)”可知，乐高通过提醒他们供应链的排放来影响其他公司。故选B项。 54．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The Lego example serves as a cautionary (警世的) tale in a complex environment for which most companies are not well prepared. As more companies come under examination for their entire carbon footprint, we may see more situations where well-intentioned sustainability efforts come across uncomfortable truths. This calls for a careful understanding of sustainability, not as a list of good deeds, but as a complex, ongoing process that requires carefulness, openness and, above all, a devotion to the benefit of future generations.(在大多数企业尚未做好充分准备的复杂环境中，乐高的例子起到了警示作用。随着越来越多的公司接受对其整体碳足迹的审查，我们可能会看到更多的情况，善意的可持续发展努力会遇到令人不安的事实。这就要求我们认真理解可持续性，而不是把它当作一份善行清单，而是把它当作一个复杂的、持续的过程，需要谨慎、开放，最重要的是，要致力于造福子孙后代)”可知，从乐高的例子中我们可以知道可持续性需要不断适应和努力。故选C项。 55．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The Lego example serves as a cautionary (警世的) tale in a complex environment for which most companies are not well prepared. As more companies come under examination for their entire carbon footprint, we may see more situations where well-intentioned sustainability efforts come across uncomfortable truths. This calls for a careful understanding of sustainability, not as a list of good deeds, but as a complex, ongoing process that requires carefulness, openness and, above all, a devotion to the benefit of future generations.(在大多数企业尚未做好充分准备的复杂环境中，乐高的例子起到了警示作用。随着越来越多的公司接受对其整体碳足迹的审查，我们可能会看到更多的情况，善意的可持续发展努力会遇到令人不安的事实。这就要求我们认真理解可持续性，而不是把它当作一份善行清单，而是把它当作一个复杂的、持续的过程，需要谨慎、开放，最重要的是，要致力于造福子孙后代)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述乐高公司放弃“瓶子变积木”项目的例子，说明了在追求可持续性时需要考虑产品整个生命周期的碳排放，以及可持续性需要不断适应和努力，所以A项“Lego’s future: a green and long journey(乐高的未来：绿色而漫长的旅程)”适合作本文的最佳标题。故选A项。 第二部分:写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。 I used to be a selfish girl and I only thought of myself. I did not care about helping others, but only about my look, clothes, money and grades. One day, I was suddenly influenced by my neighbor, who is now in college, and ended up wanting to volunteer for others. He had so much fun with volunteering and told me that he felt extremely good after helping others. I hoped to get the same results, for I felt worthless everywhere then. I viewed almost everything in a negative way, and I figured I had to experience something that would make me appreciate things that I had. I volunteered at the nursing home for a year where my neighbor volunteered. I brought snacks, coffee and games for the elderly patients, talked to them while sharing snacks, and played games like chess and checkers with them. Because they were Koreans, they often had trouble communicating with the helpers who were hired to help them. I sometimes translated things for them and offered to be their translator whenever they needed help. By volunteering at the nursing home, I changed a lot. I realized how lucky I am to speak both Korean and English and that I should help other people learn Korean as well. I had learned many life lessons through volunteering. By helping others, I felt needed in society. Not only did it enhance my confidence, but it also allowed others to benefit from it. Volunteering is a great opportunity to improve oneself, others, and the whole society. So if you ever have the chance, volunteer! It's something you won't regret! 56．What kind of person was the author before volunteering? (no more than 5 words) 57．Why did the author want to volunteer one day? (no more than 10 words) 58．What did the author do when the elderly patients had difficulty in communicating with the workers?(no more than 10 words) 59．What does the underlined word mean in paragraph4?(one word) 60．What do you think of volunteering after reading the text? Please explain.(no more than 25 words) 【答案】56．Selfish and negative. 57．He wanted to feel good by helping others. 58．The author would offer to be their translator. 59．strengthen. 60．Participating in volunteer activities is an opportunity to improve ourselves, help others and the society, so we should take an active part in volunteer activities. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者用自己的经历告诉我们参加志愿者活动是提升自己、帮助他人和整个社会的机会，我们应该积极参与自愿者活动。 56．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“I used to be a selfish girl and I only thought of myself.(我曾经是一个自私的女孩，我只考虑自己)”和第二段中“I viewed almost everything in a negative way(我几乎对每件事都持消极态度)”可知，在做志愿者之前，作者是一个自私且消极的人。故答案为：Selfish and negative. 57．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“One day, I was suddenly influenced by my neighbor, who is now in college, and ended up wanting to volunteer for others. He had so much fun with volunteering and told me that he felt extremely good after helping others. I hoped to get the same results, for I felt worthless everywhere then.(有一天，我突然受到了正在上大学的邻居的影响，最后我想为别人做志愿者。他在志愿服务中得到了很多乐趣，他告诉我，在帮助别人之后，他感觉非常好。我希望得到同样的结果，因为那时我觉得自己一无是处)”可知，作者受到作志愿者的邻居的影响，也想通过做志愿者得到乐趣，让自己感觉更好一些，所以想去当志愿者。故答案为：He wanted to feel good by helping others. 58．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Because they were Koreans, they often had trouble communicating with the helpers who were hired to help them. I sometimes translated things for them and offered to be their translator whenever they needed help.(由于他们是韩国人，他们经常与雇佣来帮助他们的助手沟通困难。我有时会为他们翻译一些东西，并在他们需要帮助的时候提供翻译)”可知，当老年患者与工作人员沟通有困难时，作者会为他们翻译东西，提供翻译服务。故答案为：The author would offer to be their translator. 59．考查词义猜测。划线词所在段介绍了志愿者工作给作者带来的积极影响，结合划线词所在句“Not only did it enhance my confidence, but it also allowed others to benefit from it.(这不仅enhance了我的信心，也让别人从中受益)”中“my confidence”可推知，志愿者工作“增强”了作者的自信心，enhance的意思是“增强，提高”，可用strengthen来解释。故答案为strengthen. 60．考查推理判断。本是为开放性问题，言之成理即可。文中作者用自己的经历告诉我们参加志愿者活动是提升自己、帮助他人和整个社会的机会，所以我们应该积极参与自愿者活动。故答案为：Participating in volunteer activities is an opportunity to improve ourselves, help others and the society, so we should take an active part in volunteer activities. 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61．假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津。在第17个全国防灾减灾日到来之际，你们学校开展了一次“安全进校园”的主题活动。你的英国朋友Chris很想了解该活动。你于当晚给Chris回一封电子邮件，介绍相关情况，内容包括： (1)活动目的； (2)活动安排(专家讲座、学习防灾减灾和自救等)； (3)活动感受。 注意： (1) 词数不少于 100； (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； (3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇： 全国防灾减灾日—National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day Dear Chris, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 【答案】Dear Chris, How is it going recently? Learning that you are enthusiastic about the educational activity held by our school, I’d like to share with you some details. With the approaching of the 17th National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day, our school carried out a theme activity of safe entry into the campus, which aims to raise students’ awareness of safety, equip us with safety knowledge and protect us from potential natural disasters. In order to better promote the activity, our arrangements are as follows: To start with, an expert from a professional rescue team delivered a lecture on how to react when disasters strike us, such as fires and earthquakes, equipping us with basics of evacuation. In addition, we learnt the practical tips on disaster prevention and reduction on campus. Furthermore, in the face of danger, we were encouraged to grasp how to save ourselves. We students have benefited greatly from the activity. I’m looking forward to your coming and sharing some practical suggestions on this issue. Yours, Li Jin 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Chris介绍学校开展的一次“安全进校园”主题活动的相关情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 对……充满热情：be enthusiastic about→be passionate about 想要做某事：would like to do sth.→feel like doing sth. 此外：furthermore→what’s more 鼓励：encourage→inspire 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In addition, we learnt the practical tips on disaster prevention and reduction on campus. 拓展句：In addition, we learnt the practical tips on disaster prevention and reduction on campus, which is beneficial to life. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Learning that you are enthusiastic about the educational activity held by our school, I’d like to share with you some details. (运用了现在分词作状语，that引导的宾语从句和过去分词作后置定语) 【高分句型2】With the approaching of the 16th National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day, our school carried out a theme activity of safe entry into the campus, which aims to raise students’ awareness of safety, equip us with safety knowledge and protect us from potential natural disasters. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $