内容正文:
人教版 七年级上册 Unit 6 A Day in the Life
重点知识及练习
一、单元主题与核心素养目标
(一)单元主题层级
人与自我→生活与成长→日常作息规律、时间管理与生活习惯
(二)核心素养目标
维度
具体要求
语言能力
1. 听:能听懂关于日常作息(如起床、上学、吃饭)的对话,提取关键时间点与活动内容;能辨识不同人日常安排的差异 2. 说:能清晰描述自己或他人的一天作息(含时间、活动);能正确朗读辅音 /br/(如“brush”“breakfast”)、/pr/(如“prepare”“part”),掌握辅音连缀发音规则 3. 读:能读懂介绍日常作息的语篇(如学生、记者的一天)、时间管理相关短文,梳理活动顺序与逻辑关系(如“先做什么,再做什么”) 4. 写:能书面描述自己的一天(含早中晚三个时段的活动)或制定周末作息计划(含具体时间与活动安排) 5. 看:能看懂日常场景图片(如起床、刷牙、上课),结合图片用英语描述对应活动与时间
文化意识
1. 了解不同职业(如记者、学生)的日常作息差异,理解“职业特点影响生活节奏” 2. 对比中外日常习惯(如早餐种类、休闲方式),体会文化多样性(如中国人常吃粥、包子,外国人常吃面包、牛奶) 3. 树立“规律作息、合理安排时间”的健康生活理念,理解“Daily routine helps build a good life”的意义
思维品质
1. 通过分析“时间→活动”的对应关系,培养逻辑思维,学会按时间顺序梳理信息 2. 对比自己与他人的作息差异,辩证思考“不同生活习惯的优缺点”(如早起vs晚睡) 3. 从日常作息语篇中提取“高效时间管理”的方法(如利用碎片时间阅读),形成自主管理意识
学习能力
1. 通过观察“一般现在时(描述习惯)”与“现在进行时(描述正在进行的活动)”的例句,巩固时态用法区别 2. 小组合作完成“我的理想一天”分享活动,学会用英语展示自己的安排并借鉴他人合理规划 3. 利用“作息记录表”记录自己的一天,用英语标注关键时间与活动,实现“学以致用”
二、基础知识梳理
(一)单词默写(按主题分类)
主题
序号
单词
音标
词性
释义
时间表达
1
quarter
/ˈkwɔːtə(r)/
n.
一刻钟;四等份之一
2
half
/hɑːf/
n.&pron.
一半;半;半数
3
around
/əˈraʊnd/
adv.&prep.
大约;环绕;到处
4
early
/ˈɜːli/
adj.&adv.
早的;早期的;提前;在早期
5
o'clock
/əˈklɒk/
adv.
(表示整点)……点钟
日常活动
6
shower
/ˈʃaʊə(r)/
n.&v.
淋浴;淋浴器;阵雨;洗淋浴
7
brush
/brʌʃ/
v.&n.
(用刷子)刷;刷子;画笔
8
dress
/dres/
v.&n.
穿衣服;连衣裙
9
rise
/raɪz/
v.&n.
起床;升起;增长;增加;增强
10
prepare
/prɪˈpeə(r)/
v.
把……准备好;准备
三餐与休息
11
breakfast
/ˈbrekfəst/
n.
早餐
12
lunch
/lʌntʃ/
n.
午餐
13
dinner
/ˈdɪnə(r)/
n.
正餐;主餐
14
break
/breɪk/
n.&v.
休息;间断;(使)破碎;损坏
15
stay
/steɪ/
v.
停留;待
生活场景
16
restaurant
/ˈrestrɒnt/
n.
餐馆;餐厅
17
homework
/ˈhəʊmwɜːk/
n.
家庭作业
18
housework
/ˈhaʊswɜːk/
n.
家务劳动
19
lesson
/ˈlesn/
n.
课;一节课
20
film
/fɪlm/
n.
电影
(二)单词变形默写
原词
词性
变形规则
变形词
词性
中文释义
示例
usual
adj.
+ -ly
usually
adv.
通常地;一般地
He usually gets up at 6 a.m.(他通常早上6点起床。)
say
v.
+ -ing
saying
n.
谚语;格言
“Early to bed, early to rise” is a famous saying.(“早睡早起”是一句著名的谚语。)
day
n.
+ -ly
daily
adj.
每日的;日常的
Reading is part of my daily life.(阅读是我日常生活的一部分。)
report
v.
+ -er
reporter
n.
记者
Her mother is a reporter.(她妈妈是一名记者。)
prepare
v.
+ -ation
preparation
n.
准备;预备
We need to make preparation for the exam.(我们需要为考试做准备。)
brush
v.
第三人称单数
brushes
v.
(用刷子)刷
She brushes her teeth twice a day.(她一天刷两次牙。)
tooth
n.
不规则复数
teeth
n.
牙齿
We should keep our teeth clean.(我们应该保持牙齿清洁。)
finish
v.
动名词
finishing
v.
结束;完成
He likes finishing homework before dinner.(他喜欢在晚饭前完成作业。)
(三)短语默写(按场景分类)
场景
序号
中文释义
英文短语
用法示例
早晨活动
1
洗淋浴
take a shower
I take a shower at 7 a.m. every day.(我每天早上7点洗淋浴。)
2
刷牙
brush teeth
We must brush teeth after meals.(我们必须饭后刷牙。)
3
穿衣服
get dressed
She gets dressed quickly in the morning.(早上她很快穿好衣服。)
4
起床
get up
My dad gets up early on weekends.(我爸爸周末早起。)
日间活动
5
吃早餐/午餐/晚餐
have breakfast/lunch/dinner
We have lunch at school at 12 p.m.(我们中午12点在学校吃午餐。)
6
上学
go to school
They go to school by bus.(他们坐公交车上学。)
7
上课
have class
We have math class at 9 a.m.(我们早上9点上数学课。)
8
课间休息
a break between lessons
We have a 10-minute break between lessons.(我们课间有10分钟休息。)
晚间与周末
9
做家庭作业
do homework
He does homework for an hour every evening.(他每天晚上做一小时家庭作业。)
10
上床睡觉
go to bed
She goes to bed at 9:30 p.m.(她晚上9点半上床睡觉。)
11
做家务
do housework
My mom does housework every weekend.(我妈妈每周末做家务。)
12
看电影
watch a film
We watch a film on Sunday evening.(我们周日晚上看电影。)
时间与习惯
13
在周末
at weekends
They go hiking at weekends.(他们周末去远足。)
14
日常生活
daily routine/everyday life
Running is part of my daily routine.(跑步是我日常生活的一部分。)
15
利用……
make use of
We should make use of time to study.(我们应该利用时间学习。)
三、重点知识详解
(一)核心词汇用法
1. quarter vs. half
词性与含义:均为表示“部分”的名词,侧重不同:
单词
核心含义
搭配与示例
quarter
四分之一;一刻钟(15分钟)
“a quarter past + 整点”(几点过15分):a quarter past 8(8点15分);“a quarter to + 整点”(几点差15分):a quarter to 9(8点45分)
half
一半;半小时(30分钟)
“half past + 整点”(几点过30分):half past 7(7点30分);“half of + 名词”(……的一半):half of the apples(一半的苹果)
易错点:表达“几点半”只能用“half past + 整点”,不能说“half to + 整点”。
brush(v.)vs. brush(n.)
用法对比:
词性
含义
搭配
示例
v.
(用刷子)刷
brush teeth(刷牙)、brush hair(梳头发)
She brushes her hair every morning.(她每天早上梳头发。)
n.
刷子;画笔
a toothbrush(牙刷)、a paintbrush(画笔)
I need a new toothbrush.(我需要一把新牙刷。)
第三人称单数:brush → brushes(注意“sh”结尾动词变三单加“-es”)。
while(conj.)vs. when(conj.)
用法对比(描述日常活动):
连词
含义
适用场景
示例
while
当……的时候;在……期间
强调“两个动作同时进行”,从句动词需为延续性动词
I do homework while my mom cooks dinner.(妈妈做饭时,我做家庭作业。)
when
当……的时候
可接延续性或非延续性动词,动作可同时或先后发生
I get up when the alarm rings.(闹钟响时,我起床。)(ring为非延续性动词)
示例:While I am reading, my sister is watching TV.(我看书时,妹妹在看电视。)(两个延续性动作同时进行)
already vs. usually
用法对比(描述时间与习惯):
副词
含义
时态与示例
already
已经;早已
常用于现在完成时(表“动作已完成”)或一般现在时(表“习惯性提前完成”)
usually
通常地;一般地
仅用于一般现在时(表“习惯性动作”)
(二)关键短语解析
take a shower vs. have a shower
含义:均为“洗淋浴”,用法完全一致,可互换,“take”更口语化,“have”更通用。
示例:He takes a shower at 8 p.m. every day. = He has a shower at 8 p.m. every day.(他每天晚上8点洗淋浴。)
get dressed vs. dress oneself
含义:均为“穿衣服”,侧重不同:
短语
侧重
示例
get dressed
强调“穿好衣服”的结果
She gets dressed in 5 minutes.(她5分钟就能穿好衣服。)
dress oneself
强调“自己穿衣服”的动作(主语通常是小孩或自理能力相关场景)
The little girl can dress herself.(这个小女孩能自己穿衣服了。)
help sb. with sth. vs. help sb. (to) do sth.
含义:均为“帮某人做某事”,可互换,“with”后接名词,“(to) do sth”后接动词原形。
示例:I help my mom with housework. = I help my mom (to) do housework.(我帮妈妈做家务。)
it's time for sth. vs. it's time to do sth.
含义:均为“是做某事的时间了”,“for”后接名词,“to”后接动词原形。
示例:It's time for lunch. = It's time to have lunch.(该吃午饭了。)/ It's time for bed. = It's time to go to bed.(该上床睡觉了。)
(三)核心句型讲解
询问日常时间安排
句型1:— What time do you usually + 日常活动动词短语?
— I usually + 日常活动动词短语 + at + 时间.
示例:— What time do you usually have breakfast?(你通常什么时候吃早餐?)
— I usually have breakfast at 7:30 a.m.(我通常早上7点半吃早餐。)
句型2:— When do you + 日常活动动词短语?
— Around + 时间.
示例:— When do you go home?(你什么时候回家?)
— Around 5:00 p.m.(大约下午5点。)
描述日常活动与时间
句型1:On + 具体时间(如Sunday mornings), I often + 日常活动动词短语.
示例:On Saturday afternoons, I often play basketball with friends.(每周六下午,我经常和朋友打篮球。)
句型2:Each + 活动名词 + is + 时间长度 + long.
示例:Each lesson is 45 minutes long.(每节课45分钟。)
句型3:After + 活动名词/动名词, I + 后续活动动词短语.
示例:After dinner, I usually do some reading.(晚饭后,我通常阅读一会儿。)/ After finishing homework, I watch TV.(完成作业后,我看电视。)
表达习惯与建议
句型1:Early to bed, early to rise!(早睡早起!)
用法:这是常用谚语,用于建议规律作息,“early to + 动词原形”为固定结构,表“早做某事”。
句型2:— What's your daily routine?
— My daily routine is...(我的日常安排是……)
示例:— What's your daily routine?(你的日常安排是什么?)
— My daily routine is getting up at 6:30 a.m., having breakfast at 7 a.m., and going to school at 8 a.m.(我的日常安排是早上6点半起床,7点吃早餐,8点上学。)
四、易错点辨析
(一)时间表达错误
易错点
正确用法
错误用法
原因分析
几点过15分
a quarter past 9(√)
a quarter after 9(×)
英语中“过几分”用“past”,不用“after”
几点差15分
a quarter to 9(√)
a quarter before 9(×)
英语中“差几分”用“to”,不用“before”
几点半
half past 7(√)
half to 7(×)
“half”只能与“past”搭配表“过30分”,不能与“to”搭配
(二)一般现在时第三人称单数错误
易错点
正确用法
错误用法
原因分析
“sh”结尾动词
She brushes her teeth.(√)
She brush her teeth.(×)
以“sh/ch/s/x/o”结尾的动词,第三人称单数需加“-es”
“辅音+y”结尾动词
He studies after school.(√)
He study after school.(×)
“辅音+y”结尾动词,变三单需变“y”为“i”加“-es”
(三)“everyday”与“every day”混淆
易错点
正确用法
错误用法
原因分析
作定语(修饰名词)
everyday life(日常生活)(√)
every day life(×)
“everyday”是形容词,只能作定语;“every day”是副词短语,不能修饰名词
作状语(修饰动词)
I read every day.(我每天阅读。)(√)
I read everyday.(×)
“every day”是副词短语,可作状语;“everyday”是形容词,不能作状语
五、配套基础练习
(一)单项选择
1. — What time do you usually ______ up?
— I usually get up at a quarter ______ six.
A. get; past B. gets; past C. get; to D. gets; to
2. My sister ______ her teeth at 7:10 a.m. every morning.
A. brush B. brushes C. brushing D. brushed
3. I often do my homework ______ my mom cooks dinner.
A. when B. while C. before D. after
4. — When do you usually have ______ lunch?
— Around 12:00. And I have ______ good lunch at school.
A. /; a B. a; / C. /; / D. a; a
5. It's 9:00 p.m. It's time ______ to bed.
A. go B. going C. to go D. goes
(二)用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. He usually ______ (take) a shower after getting up.
2. This is my ______ (day) routine. I do the same things every day.
3. My dad ______ (finish) his work at 6 p.m. every day.
4. We should ______ (brush) our teeth twice a day to keep them healthy.
5. She often helps her mom with ______ (housework) on weekends.
6. It's a quarter ______ (past) seven. Let's go to school.
7. My brother likes ______ (watch) films after finishing homework.
8. — What ______ you usually ______ (do) after dinner?
— I usually read books.
(三)按要求完成句子(每空一词)
1. I usually get up at 6:30 a.m.(对画线部分提问)
______ ______ ______ you usually ______ up?
2. She has breakfast at 7:00 a.m. every day.(改为否定句)
She ______ ______ breakfast at 7:00 a.m. every day.
3. He does his homework after school.(改为一般疑问句)
______ he ______ his homework after school?
4. It's time for lunch.(改为同义句)
It's time ______ ______ lunch.
5. My mom cooks dinner while I do homework.(改为同义句)
______ my mom ______ dinner, I ______ homework.
六、习题答案
(一)单项选择
1. A(“usually”提示用一般现在时,主语“you”后接动词原形“get”;“a quarter past six”表“6点15分”,符合起床时间逻辑,“a quarter to six”为“5点45分”,过早,故选A)
2. B(“every morning”提示用一般现在时,主语“my sister”为第三人称单数,“brush”变三单为“brushes”,故选B)
3. B(“妈妈做饭”和“我做家庭作业”是同时进行的延续性动作,用“while”,故选B)
4. A(“have lunch”为固定短语,不加冠词;“have a good lunch”表“吃一顿丰盛的午餐”,“good”以辅音音素开头,用“a”,故选A)
5. C(“It's time to do sth”为固定句型,表“是做某事的时间了”,故选C)
(二)用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. takes(“usually”提示用一般现在时,主语“he”为第三人称单数,“take”变三单为“takes”)
2. daily(“routine”前用形容词修饰,“day”的形容词形式为“daily”)
3. finishes(“every day”提示用一般现在时,主语“my dad”为第三人称单数,“finish”变三单为“finishes”)
4. brush(“should”后接动词原形)
5. housework(“housework”为不可数名词,用原形)
6. past(“a quarter past seven”表“7点15分”,符合“去上学”的时间逻辑)
7. watching(“like doing sth”表“长期喜欢做某事”,符合语境)
8. do; do(“usually”提示用一般现在时,主语“you”后接动词原形,疑问句借助“do”)
(三)按要求完成句子
1. What time do; get(对“时间点”提问用“what time”,一般现在时借助“do”,后接动词原形“get”)
2. doesn't have(一般现在时否定句,主语“she”为第三人称单数,借助“doesn't”,后接动词原形“have”)
3. Does; do(一般现在时一般疑问句,主语“he”为第三人称单数,借助“does”,后接动词原形“do”)
4. to have(“It's time for sth”的同义句型为“It's time to do sth”)
5. While; cooks; do(“while”引导时间状语从句,主从句均用一般现在时,主语“my mom”为第三人称单数,“cook”变三单为“cooks”,“I”后接“do”)
七、话题写作
假设你是李华,你的英国笔友Tom来信询问你的一天作息,请你回信描述你典型的上学日(周一至周五),包含早中晚三个时段的活动与时间,词数80词左右,开头已给出(不计入词数)。
范文
Dear Tom,
I'm glad to tell you about my school day. I usually have a busy but happy day from Monday to Friday.
I get up at 6:30 a.m. First, I brush my teeth and take a shower. Then I have breakfast with my family at 7 a.m. I go to school at 8 a.m. We have four classes in the morning. I have lunch at 12 p.m. at school. In the afternoon, we have two classes. School finishes at 4 p.m. I go home and do homework first. After dinner, I read for 30 minutes. I go to bed at 9:30 p.m.
What about your school day? Write to me soon!
Yours,
Li Hua
核心语块
1. typical school day(典型的上学日)
2. brush teeth and take a shower(刷牙、洗淋浴,早晨活动固定搭配)
3. have four classes in the morning(早上有四节课,描述日间课程安排)
4. school finishes at 4 p.m.(下午4点放学,“finish”表“结束”)
5. read for 30 minutes(阅读30分钟,“for + 时间段”表“持续多久”)
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