UNIT 3 Section Ⅳ Extended reading-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（译林版）

UNIT 3　The art of painting Section Ⅳ　 Extended reading & Project & Assessment 内容索引 整体预习 1 语篇理解 2 课时测评 5 夯实双基 3 互动探究 4 整体预习 返回 Qingming Scroll① 　　Zhang Zeduan's Qingming Scroll is a masterwork of Chinese art.Painted on a five-metre-long silk scroll【1】，it offers an important insight② into life in China in the 12th century.　It is commonly believed that the city described in the painting is Bianjing (present-day Kaifeng)，the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.【2】 The ancient scroll has survived the test of time remarkably well，and is currently③ housed in the Palace Museum in Beijing. 【1】动词-ed形式短语作状语。 【2】it作形式主语，that引导主语从句；动词-ed形式短语described in the painting作定语，修饰名词city。 ①scroll n．长卷纸，卷轴 ②insight n．洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟 ③currently adv.目前，当下 原文呈现 名师圈点 　　The scroll consists of three main sections.The first section presents④ a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing，featuring crop⑤ fields【3】，a river winding⑥ through the landscape【4】，and farmers hard at work.The second section shows the riverbanks and the central bridge alive with activity as boats sail⑦ in and out of Bianjing.　Civilians⑧ can also be seen walking through the city gate in both directions. 【3】动词-ing形式短语作状语。 【4】动词-ing形式短语作定语，修饰名词river。 ④present vt.展现，显示，表现 ⑤crop n．庄稼，作物；收成，产量 ⑥wind vi.& vt.(wound，wound) 蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕 ⑦sail vi.& vt.(乘船)航行；起航；驾驶(船只)；飘，掠 n．帆；乘船航行 ⑧civilian n．平民，老百姓，庶民 原文呈现 名师圈点 The third and final section pictures⑨ life inside the city itself. Here，hundreds of people from all walks of life⑩，including butchers⑪，hairdressers and government officials，can be seen going about⑫ their daily business.The combination of these three sections gives the viewer an idea of what life was like for the people of Bianjing【5】． 【5】what引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语。 ⑨picture vt.描述，描写 ⑩all walks of life 各行各业，社会各界 ⑪butcher n．肉贩，屠夫 ⑫go about sth 忙于做某事，继续做某事 原文呈现 名师圈点 　　Zhang's amazing artistic technique is apparent⑬ all across the scroll.Using ink⑭ on silk【6】，he creates realistic images of scenery，buildings and people，and displays a remarkable mastery of perspective⑮.The most impressive aspect of the painting，however，is probably Zhang's precise⑯ brushwork.This well-developed ability，as well as the scroll's ambitious⑰ size，allows Zhang to show an enormous⑱ amount of detail—you could study the painting for hours and still discover something new. 【6】动词-ing形式短语作状语。 ⑬apparent adj.显而易见，明白易懂，显然 ⑭ink n．墨水，墨汁 ⑮perspective n．透视法；态度，观点；客观判断力；景观，远景 ⑯precise adj.细致的，精细的；准确的，精确的；恰好的 ⑰ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的 ⑱enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的 原文呈现 名师圈点 　　Thanks to⑲ all this fine detail，the Qingming Scroll provides a comprehensive⑳ look at life during the Northern Song Dynasty.It reveals㉑ a great deal about the 12th-century Chinese customs，clothing㉒，transportation methods，business practices㉓，and a wide range of buildings，such as temples㉔，teahouses and government structures㉕. ⑲thanks to 多亏，幸亏 ⑳comprehensive adj.全面的，详尽的；综合性的 ㉑reveal vt.揭示；显示；透露 ㉒clothing n．衣服，服装 ㉓business practice 商业惯例 ㉔temple n．庙宇，寺院 ㉕structure n．建筑物；结构，构造；精心组织 原文呈现 名师圈点 At first sight㉖，the overall ㉗scene of life in the capital city appears peaceful and cheerful.However，some critics㉘ suggest that on closer inspection㉙，the painting actually exposes㉚ serious political㉛ and social problems.Some boats carrying food【7】 do not seem to belong to㉜ the government，which suggests that the government has lost control of㉝ food supplies and transportation【8】． 【7】动词-ing形式短语作定语，修饰名词boats。 【8】which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句。 ㉖at first sight 第一眼，乍看之下 ㉗overall adj.全面的，综合的 adv.全部，总计；一般来说，大体上 ㉘critic n．批评家，评论家；批评者，挑剔的人 ㉙inspection n．检查，查看，审视；视察 ㉚expose vt.揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触 ㉛political adj.政治的，政府的，政权的；政党的，党派的 ㉜belong to 属于 ㉝lose control of 失去对……的控制 原文呈现 名师圈点 Also in the painting are soldiers㉞ who appear to ignore their duties．【9】 There are some less obvious indicators of trouble too.For example，in the centre of the scroll，a boat is in danger of㉟ crashing into㊱ the bridge.These sorts of details point to a crisis㊲ developing in the city【10】．In fact，the Northern Song Dynasty was in decline㊳ by this stage.About twenty years after the painting was completed，it was overthrown㊴. 【9】本句为完全倒装句；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词soldiers。 【10】动词-ing形式短语作定语，修饰名词crisis。 ㉞soldier n．军人，士兵 ㉟in danger of 处于……危险之中 ㊱crash into 撞上 ㊲crisis n．(pl. crises) 危机，危急关头；危难时刻，病危期 ㊳decline n．衰退，衰落，减少，下降 vi.& vt.减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝 ㊴overthrow vt.(overthrew，overthrown)推翻，打倒 n．推翻，打倒 原文呈现 名师圈点 　　Zhang's timeless scroll is an important example of realism in the history of Chinese paintings.Its value is down not only to㊵ its great scale㊶，artistic quality and attention to detail，but also to its representation of daily life.Such is its worth that several later emperors㊷ even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll.【11】 Some of these copies are now regarded as precious works of art in their own right㊸.With the Qingming Scroll，Zhang made an outstanding㊹ contribution to Chinese art and greatly influenced generations of future artists. 【11】本句为such...that...句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。 ㊵be down to 由……引起(或造成) ㊶scale n．规模，范围；等级，级别；标度；比例 ㊷emperor n．皇帝 ㊸in one's own right 凭自身的资格(或努力) ㊹outstanding adj.优秀的，杰出的；突出的，明显的 原文呈现 名师圈点 　　The original scroll is still in one piece㊺ despite its age，but it is extremely delicate.Because of this，it is not often displayed to the public.The last time it was on exhibition㊻【12】，crowds waited in line for hours for the rare㊼ chance to see the famous painting with their own eyes【13】．The public's continued enthusiasm about the Qingming Scroll，even after all these centuries，speaks volumes about㊽ the power of this historic㊾ piece of art. 【12】the last time引导时间状语从句。 【13】动词不定式短语作定语，修饰名词chance。 ㊺in one piece安然无恙的，完好无损的 ㊻exhibition n．展览，展出 ㊼rare adj.稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的，珍贵的 ㊽speak volumes about 充分说明，清楚表明 ㊾historic adj.历史上著名的；有史时期的 原文呈现 名师圈点 译文参考 《清明上河图》 张择端的《清明上河图》是中国艺术的杰作。此画为五米绢本长卷，它对于我们洞悉12世纪中国的生活面貌是极其重要的。人们通常认为，画中描绘的城市是汴京(今开封)，即北宋的都城。这幅古老画历经沧桑依旧完好，现藏于北京故宫博物院。 全画可分为三部分。第一部分展现了汴京近郊恬静的乡村生活，重点描绘了农田、蜿蜒而过的河流和辛勤劳作的农民。第二部分则展现了熙熙攘攘的河岸和中心桥，往来京城的船只穿梭着。城门处能看到进进出出的百姓。第三部分，同时也是最后一部分，描绘了城内的生活。我们能看到数以百计各行各业的人，肉贩、理发店、官差，都在忙着各自的营生。三部分综合起来，观者便可对当时汴京人的生活状况有一大致了解。 显然，张择端在整幅画中表现了他高超的艺术技巧。他施墨于绢，落笔之处，风景、建筑、人物，无不逼真传神，同时展现出透视法的精通。不过，此画最引人注目之处是其精准细腻的笔法。凭借高超的技艺，以及恢宏的画幅，画家刻画了海量的细节，哪怕端详几个小时，你还是会有新的发现。 多亏这些精准的细节，《清明上河图》全面展示了北宋时期的生活景象。它透露了12世纪中国在民俗、服饰、交通方式、商业活动，以及诸如庙宇、茶馆、政府设施等种类繁多的建筑方面的诸多细节。乍看上去，京城生活总体上安宁而欢愉。然而，有评论家指出，细心观察，这幅画其实揭露了严重的政治和社会问题。有些运粮船看上去不像官船，这意味着官府已失去了对粮食供应和运输的控制。画中有些官兵似乎疏于职守。此外还有一些不好的苗头，不太容易觉察。比如，画卷中部有一艘船眼看就要撞到桥上。种种细节都预示着某种危机正在京城中酝酿。事实上，当时的北宋王朝已经在走下坡路了。这幅画完成约20年后，北宋覆灭。 张择端这幅不朽之作是中国绘画史上现实主义的重要典范。它的价值不仅在于画幅宏大，艺术性高，注重细节，更在于其对日常生活的再现。其价值之高，以至后世有多位皇帝令当时最有才华的画家加以临摹。其中有些摹本现今自身亦被视为艺术珍品。张择端以这幅《清明上河图》对中国艺术做出了卓越贡献，也深刻影响后世一代又一代的艺术家。 尽管年代久远，此画原作仍然完好，但已极为脆弱。有鉴于此，它很少公开示人。上一次展出时，观众为了这个一睹名画真容的难得机遇，不惜排几个小时的队。甚至在几个世纪之后，公众对《清明上河图》仍热情不减，这足以证明这幅历史名画的魅力。 返回 语篇理解 返回 一、整体理解 Match the main idea with each paragraph. 答案：CEABFD Para.1 A．Zhang Zeduan's artistic technique in Qingming Scroll. Para.2 B．A comprehensive understanding of Qingming Scroll. Para.3 C．The background of Qingming Scroll. Para.4 D．The influence of Qingming Scroll. Para.5 E．The contents of Qingming Scroll. Para.6 F．The value of Qingming Scroll. Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．How long is the Qingming Scroll? A．Five metres long. B．Four metres long. C．Fourteen metres long. D．Fifteen metres long. 2．What does the Qingming Scroll convey to viewers? A．How people lived in peace. B．How strong the Northern Song Dynasty was. C．How the government ruled the country. D．How people lived in Bianjing. 二、细节理解 √ √ 3．What may be the most impressive of the painting? A．Perspective. B．Zhang Zeduan's precise brushwork. C．Its ambitious size. D．Its realistic images. 4．What do some critics think of the painting? A．It reflects the strength of the Northern Song Dynasty. B．It is a symbol of realism. C．It reveals political and social problems during the Northern Song Dynasty. D．It indicates that the Northern Song Dynasty was at its worst. √ √ 5．Why is it not often displayed to the public? A．Because it is easily damaged. B．Because it is not intact(完整的)now. C．Because people are not enthusiastic about it. D．Because the workers have to repair it often. √ 1．It is commonly believed that the city described in the painting is Bianjing(present-day Kaifeng)，the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. 分析　本句为主从复合句。it作形式主语，that引导主语从句；动词-ed形式短语described in the painting作定语，修饰名词city。 翻译　__________________________________________________________ 三、长难句分析 人们通常认为，画中描绘的城市是汴京(今开封)，即北宋的都城。 2．Some boats carrying food do not seem to belong to the government，which suggests that the government has lost control of food supplies and transportation. 分析　本句为主从复合句。动词-ing形式短语carrying food作定语，修饰名词boats；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句。 翻译　__________________________________________________________ ______________ 返回 有些运粮船看上去不像官船，这意味着官府已失去了对粮食供应和运输的控制。 夯实双基 返回 1．sit in the _____ 　　　　　　 坐在阴凉处 2．rebuild the ______ 重建庙宇 3．the _________ of the building 这座建筑物的结构 4．an ___________ lawyer 一位杰出的律师 5．a writer of _______ 有洞察力的作家 6．return to ________ life 回归平民百姓的生活 7．300 ________ 300名士兵 8．a financial _______ 金融危机 9．a sharp _______ 急剧下降 核心单词 shade temple structure outstanding insight civilian soldiers soldiers decline 1．_____ vt.以(光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用水清洗 →bath n．洗澡；洗浴 2．_______ vt.&vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备 →arrangement n．安排，筹划 3．________ adj.显而易见，明白易懂，显然 →apparently adv.据说；看来，似乎 4．_______ adj.细致的，精细的；准确的，精准的；恰好的 →precisely adv.准确地；恰好地；精确地；细心地，仔细地 →precision n．精确；准确；细致 拓展单词 bathe arrange apparent precise 5．_________ adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的 →ambition n．追求的目标；雄心，志向，抱负 6．_____________ adj.全面的，详尽的；综合性的 →comprehend vt.理解，领悟 →comprehension n．理解(力) 7．______ n．批评家，评论家；批评者，挑剔的人 →criticize vt.批评，指责 →critical adj.批评的，批判性的，挑剔的；关键的，至关紧要的 →criticism n．批评，批判；责备，指责 8．__________ n．检查，查看，审视；视察 →inspect vt.检查；审视 →inspector n．检查员，巡视员 ambitious comprehensive critic inspection 9．_______ vt.揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触 →exposure n．暴露 10．__________ n．展览，展出 →exhibit vt.展览；展出n.展览品，陈列品；(在法庭上出示的)证据 11．____ adj.稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的，珍贵的 →rarely adv.很少，难得 expose exhibition rare 第一组　汉译英 1．各行各业，社会各界　　　　 ______________ 2．多亏，幸亏 _________ 3．第一眼，乍看之下 ___________ 4．属于 _________ 5．失去对……的控制 _____________ 6．处于……危险之中 ____________ 7．充分说明，清楚表明 ___________________ 重点短语 all walks of life thanks to at first sight belong to lose control of in danger of speak volumes about 第二组　英译汉 8．go about sth　　　　　　 _______________________ 9．business practice _________ 10．crash into _____ 11．be down to ___________________ 12．in one's own right _____________________ 13．in one piece ______________________ 忙于做某事，继续做某事 商业惯例 撞上 由……引起(或造成) 凭自身的资格(或努力) 安然无恙的，完好无损的 根据课文语境和汉语提示补全句子 1．It is＋动词-ed形式＋that从句 _________________________ (人们通常认为) the city described in the painting is Bianjing(present-day Kaifeng)，the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. 2．动词-ing形式(短语)作状语 ____________________(施墨于绢)，he creates realistic images of scenery，buildings and people，and displays a remarkable mastery of perspective. 3．完全倒装句 Also in the painting ___________(有些士兵) who appear to ignore their duties. 典型句式 It is commonly believed that Using ink on silk are soldiers 返回 互动探究 返回 1　wind vi.& vt.(wound, wound) 蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕 (教材原句)The first section presents a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing，featuring crop fields，a river winding through the landscape，and farmers hard at work.第一部分展现了汴京近郊恬静的乡村生活，重点描绘了农田、蜿蜒而过的河流和辛勤劳作的农民。 (1)get wind of sth　 听到……的风声；获悉……的秘密消息 (2)wind down 摇下(车窗等)；逐渐减小(工作规模)； 使逐步停止，使逐渐关闭 (3)wind up 给(钟表等)上发条；完成；停止 基础练透——写出下列句中wind的含义/单句语法填空 ①The weather was hot，without a breath of wind. ___ ②He had forgotten to wind his watch. _______ ③The stream winds through the valley and runs into the sea. ___________ ④If they get wind __ what we are doing，we'll then be in a very passive position. ⑤I forgot to wind my watch __，so of course it stopped. 能力提升——微写作 ⑥He ___________________ the car window and handed me a bag. 他摇下车窗递给我一个包。 上发条 蜿蜒，迂回 of 风 up wound/winded down 2　expose vt.揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触 (教材原句)However，some critics suggest that on closer inspection，the painting actually exposes serious political and social problems.然而，有评论家指出，细心观察，这幅画其实揭露了严重的政治和社会问题。 (1)expose...to...　　 将……暴露在……中；使……接触…… (2)exposed adj. 暴露的，无掩蔽的 be exposed to 暴露于，暴露在；使遭受……；接触，面临 (3)exposure n. 暴露；揭露 基础练透——单句语法填空 ①If you expose your skin __ the sun too long，you will get sun-burnt. ②There are more than 740 million Chinese _______ (expose) to second-hand smoking in public places now. ③I always sit in the non-smoking section of restaurants to reduce my ________ (expose) to smoke. ④They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed __ various noise levels in the background. 能力提升——微写作 ⑤We shouldn't _________________________________． 我们不应该让孩子们接触电脑游戏。 to exposed exposure to expose the children to computer games 3　完全倒装句 (教材原句)Also in the painting are soldiers who appear to ignore their duties.画中有些官兵似乎疏于职守。 完全倒装是把整个谓语放到主语之前，完全倒装句的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能进行完全倒装。常使用完全倒装的情况： (1)为了保持句子平衡或上下文衔接紧密，表示地点的介词短语作表语或状语并置于句首时，句子进行完全倒装； (2)以副词here，there，out，in，up，down，away，then，now等开头，后面的动词是be，come，exist，fall，follow，go，lie，remain，seem，stand(表移动或状态的不及物动词)等时，句子进行完全倒装； (3)there引出完全倒装句，除了最常见的there be句型以外，there还可以接appear，exist，lie，remain，seem to be，stand等，一般都译成“有”的含义，句子进行完全倒装； (4)有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式置于句首，句子进行完全倒装。 基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Here ___ (be) four common email accidents，and how to recover. ②At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River ____ (lie) Chongqing，one of the ten largest cities in China. 能力提升——句式改写 ③Some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient are in this box. →In this box __________________ that are urgently needed for a patient. ④The teacher's sweet voice came into the complete silence of the waiting class. →Into the complete silence of the waiting class _________________________． ⑤My tips for you are here. →Here _____________ for you. are lies are some stem cells came the teacher's sweet voice are my tips 4　decline n．衰退，衰落，减少，下降 vi.& vt.减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝 (教材原句)In fact，the Northern Song Dynasty was in decline by this stage.事实上，当时的北宋王朝已经在走下坡路了。 (1)in decline＝on the decline 处于下降/衰退中 (2)decline to do sth 谢绝/拒绝做某事 名师点津　表示“增加”或“减少”的幅度常用介词by，后面常跟百分数；表示“增加到”或“减少到”常用介词to，后面常跟具体数字。 基础练透——写出下列句中decline的含义/单句语法填空 ①I offered to give them a lift but they declined. _____ ②An increase in cars has resulted in the decline of public transport. ___________ ③The officer declined ________ (make) any comments on the incident. ④However，the economic growth rate of this country was ___ the decline last year. 能力提升——微写作 ⑤The price of electronic products _________________ 20 percent since last January. 自从去年一月份以来，电子产品的价格已经下降了20%。 谢绝 衰退，衰落 to make on has declined by 5　rare adj.稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的，珍贵的 (教材原句)The last time it was on exhibition，crowds waited in line for hours for the rare chance to see the famous painting with their own eyes.上一次展出时，观众为了这个一睹名画真容的难得机遇，不惜排几个小时的队。 (1)a rare disease　　 　 罕见的疾病 a rare book/coin/stamp 珍贵的书/硬币/邮票 a rare animal/plant 珍稀动物/植物 (2) rarely adv. 很少，难得 名师点津　rarely为否定副词，置于句首时，其后要使用部分倒装。类似的词还有never，seldom，hardly等。 基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Taxis on a rainy New York night are _____ (rare) than sunshine. ②Children used to hang out and play around in the old days，which is ______ (rare) seen in today's society. 能力提升——句型转换 ③I rarely have more than eight hours' sleep. →Rarely ___________ more than eight hours' sleep. rarer rarely do I have 6　speak volumes about 充分说明，清楚表明 (教材原句)The public's continued enthusiasm about the Qingming Scroll，even after all these centuries，speaks volumes about the power of this historic piece of art.甚至在几个世纪之后，公众对《清明上河图》仍热情不减，这足以证明这幅历史名画的魅力。 (1)speak well/ill of sb 称赞(或贬损)某人；说某人的好话(或坏话) speak highly of 高度赞扬 (2)generally/broadly/roughly/relatively/strictly speaking 总的/一般/粗略/相对/严格地说 (3)be on speaking terms (with sb) (与某人)和好如初，和睦相处 (4)nothing to speak of 不值一提；不多 基础练透——补全句子 ①You should not ______________________(说其他人的坏话)behind their backs. ②We _________________(高度赞扬)their work and extend our deep gratitude to them. ③__________________(严格地说)，she should pay for the additional costs. ④The disagreement between Linda and Tina was dead and buried and they ____________________________________________(彼此和睦相处)again. ⑤He said that what he had done was ______________________(不值一提)． 能力提升——微写作 ⑥These facts _________________________________． 这些事实充分说明她的诚实。 speak ill of others speak highly of Strictly speaking were on speaking terms with each other nothing to speak of speak volumes for her honesty 维度一　单词拼写 1．The _______(士兵)thinks it a glorious thing for him to die for the benefit of our motherland. 2．The company is an ___________(杰出的)example of a small business that grew into a big one. 3．The company is still in ______(危机)but it has survived the worst period. 4．We import ____(未经加工的)materials and energy and export mainly industrial products. 5．Learning a foreign language can give me _______(领悟)into another culture. soldier outstanding crisis raw insight 随堂演练 维度二　单句语法填空 1．Nobody knows _________ (precise) how many species there are on the earth now. 2．Opportunities ______ (rare) ever come knocking on the door of someone who's not seeking them. 3．__________ (apparent) the girls are not at all amused by the joke. 4．Engineers carried out a thorough __________ (inspect) of the machines. 5．We offered to give Sharon a ride home，but she ________ (decline)，saying that she felt like walking. precisely rarely Apparently inspection declined 维度三　完成句子 1．Standing under the tree _______________． 树下站着两个女孩。 2．What you wear ______________________ your character. 你的衣着清晰表明你的性格。 3．We ________________ an overwhelming number of chemical pollutants every day. 我们每天都会接触到数量惊人的化学污染物。 are two girls speaks volumes about are exposed to 返回 课时测评 返回 维度一　根据汉语提示或首字母填入单词的适当形式(每小题1分，共10分) 1．His ___________(杰出的)ability earned him a place on the team. 2．What motivated the author to start her writing ______(事业)? 3．We must raise the _________(政治的)and social status of teachers. 4．The last _______(皇帝)of the Ming Dynasty hanged himself from this tree. 5．It is reported that a ________(平民)was killed in the bombing. 6．They continued to climb until they reached the old ______(寺院)at the top of the mountain. 7．These measures greatly changed the social and economic _________(结构)of the country. 基础达标 outstanding career political emperor civilian temple structure 8．The road _____(迂回)its way through the woods，with flowers on both sides. 9．Natural disasters have obviously contributed to the country's economic ______(危机)． 10．Farmers grow a variety of c____ in this area，including cabbages，wheat，corn and barley. winds crisis rops 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Take care not to keep your children _______ (expose) to the bad books，net and magazines. 2．He's a player who ______ (rare) seems to get the credit he deserves. 3．After a careful ____________(inspect)，the repairman said that the reason why my car broke down was that the pipe had been damaged. 4．Although he is very young，he is very ___________(ambition) in his research work. 5．__________ (apparent)，blindly following others' advice will affect our own judgment. exposed rarely inspection ambitious Apparently 6．The ____________(exhibit) gives local artists an opportunity to display their work. 7．It is difficult to know _________ (precise) how much impact the changes will have. 8．All the products are labelled with _____________ (comprehend) instructions. 9．As the economy was __ decline，some people in the town had lost their jobs. 10．His success was down to _____ (be) in the right place at the right time. exhibition precisely comprehensive in being 维度三　完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．In front of the house __________________． 房子前面是一个大花园。 2．These overseas experts came from ____________________ in different countries. 这些海外专家来自不同国家的各行各业。 3．At last，he became a world-famous musician ___________________． 最终，他凭自身的努力成为了世界知名的音乐家。 4．His small gestures _____________________ how much he cares about you. 他的小动作充分说明他有多在乎你。 5．___________________________ music can help people relax themselves. 人们普遍认为音乐可以帮助人们放松自己。 is a big garden all walks of life in his own right speak volumes about It is commonly believed that 维度四　课文语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) Qingming Scroll 　　Zhang Zeduan's Qingming Scroll is a representative work of realism in Chinese art.1._______(paint) on a five-metre-long silk scroll，the painting provides an important insight into life in China in the 12th century.The ancient scroll，2._____ is currently kept in the Palace Museum in Beijing，gives the viewer an idea of what life was like for the people of Bianjing.It is possible that the most 3.__________(impress) aspect of the painting is Zhang's precise brushwork.The painting reveals a great deal about the 12th-century Chinese customs，clothing，transportation methods ，business practices and various 4._________ (building)．At first sight，the overall scene of life in the capital city seems peaceful and cheerful. Painted which impressive buildings However，some critics suggest that on closer 5.__________ (inspect)，the painting actually exposes serious political and social problems.Some boats 6.________ (carry) food do not seem to belong to the government，which 7.________ (suggest) that the government has lost control of food supplies and transportation. 　　The details show that the crisis is developing in the city.As a matter of fact，the Northern Song Dynasty was on 8.___ decline by this stage.About 20 years after the painting was completed，it 9._______________ (overthrow)． 　　With the Qingming Scroll，Zhang made an outstanding contribution 10.__ Chinese art and greatly influenced generations of future artists. inspection carrying suggests was overthrown to the 素能提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) 　　George Washington Carver was born some time in the early-mid 1860s.A sickly child，Carver was unable to work in the fields，so he did gardening.He was left with many free hours to walk in the woods — beginning his career with nature.He soon became known as the “Plant Doctor” and would help friends and neighbors manage sick plants. 　　In 1890，Carver began to study music and art at Simpson College.His artwork was on show at the 1893 World's Fair.Painting gave him the chance to combine his two loves — art and nature.Yet it was his talents for gardening that took him in another direction in 1891.Carver became the first African-American to attend what is today Iowa State University.He proved to be a first-class student and upon graduation he became the school's first African-American teacher. 　　In 1896，he received an invitation from Tuskegee Normal and Industrial School in Tuskegee，Alabama.Upon arriving，he found that the school was short of money，so Dr.Carver had to equip his own lab.He and his students would search trash heaps(垃圾堆)for things to use.This proved that Dr.Carver was well ahead of his time. 　　In 1916，he published a research report on peanuts，which helped many farmers turn to peanuts as a cash crop and saved the economy of the South when it was destroyed by the cotton insects attack.Carver continued his research with the peanut.He went on to find many uses for the peanut.But he didn't invent peanut butter(花生酱)． 　　Dr.Carver's research earned him much worldwide praise.Dr.George Washington Carver died on January 5，1943，and was buried at Tuskegee. Carver contributed his whole life savings to Tuskegee.Upon his death，Franklin D．Roosevelt gave him this title “an inspiring example to youth everywhere”． 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Carver从童年时期就接触园艺工作，长大后表现优异，靠自己的力量成立实验室，他对花生的研究成果拯救了南方的经济。 1．How was Carver's childhood? A．He took up gardening. B．He grew crops in the fields. C．He enjoyed good health. D．He dreamed of being a doctor. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段中A sickly child，Carver was unable to work in the fields，so he did gardening.可知Carver童年干园艺活，故选A项。 2．How was Carver's performance during his education? A．Bad. B．Strange. C．Ordinary. D．Excellent. 推理判断题。根据第二段中Carver became the first African-American to attend what is today Iowa State University.He proved to be a first-class student and upon graduation he became the school's first African-American teacher.可推断出，Carver在求学期间的表现优秀，故选D项。 √ 3．What do we know about Carver's life in Tuskegee Normal and Industrial School? A．He was well paid by the school. B．He relied on himself to build his lab. C．He saved money by picking up trash. D．He published his findings ahead of time. 细节理解题。根据第三段中Upon arriving，he found that the school was short of money so Dr.Carver had to equip his own lab.可知，Carver在Tuskegee Normal and Industrial School时依靠自己建立了实验室，故选B项。 √ 4．What can be learned about Carver's report on peanuts? A．It made a contribution to the economy. B．It included new findings on peanut butter. C．It prevented peanuts from insects attacking. D．It helped farmers find many other uses of peanuts. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中In 1916，he published a research report on peanuts，which helped many farmers turn to peanuts as a cash crop and saved the economy of the South when it was destroyed by the cotton insects attack.可知，Carver对花生的研究报告挽救了南方的经济，对经济发展做出了贡献，故选A项。 √ Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) 　　As a writer on an adventure sports magazine，I'd always resist doing the adventurous stuff myself.I preferred to observe others and 1 their experiences to readers.Thus，when I was challenged to 2 a mountain in aid of charity—and to write about it afterwards—I was 3 ． 　　Then it was a 4 that I had a brilliant coach called Keith，who gave me knowledge about everything from building muscle groups to how to 5 tiredness.It quickly became obvious that the techniques of climbing were more 6 than I had imagined.Aware of the challenge，I forced myself to 7 a detailed action plan Keith made，working out 8 at the gym.My self-belief 9 alongside my muscle power，and I became confident about finishing the climb. 　　All too soon I was on a plane to my destination.That day，when I looked up at the mountain，I thought of 10 it.But then I remembered all the 11 I'd made and how disappointed Keith would be if I gave up—not to mention the sense of 12 I'd experience myself.With a deep breath fear 13 courage，I headed into the sunshine to meet the rest of the group. 　　And as I sit here now，tapping on my laptop，I'm amazed at all the details I can recall: the burning 14 and the tiredness.Could I have been better prepared? Possibly.Would I be back for another go? Thankfully not.The feeling of being excited when standing on top of the world is a 15 experience but one I will cherish forever. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者不喜欢冒险，但为了一项慈善事业而参与爬山，尽管爬山那天作者想要放弃，但最终还是爬上了山顶，这对作者来说是永远要珍惜的记忆。 1．A．expose B．expand C．prove D．narrate 2．A．promote B．preserve C．climb D．clean 根据上文“As a writer on an adventure sports magazine”可知，作者作为一名冒险体育杂志的撰稿人，喜欢把别人的经历写下来，叙述(narrate)给读者。 √ √ 因此，当我被要求攀登(climb)一座山来帮助慈善事业并在之后写下它时，我是不愿意的。下文“It quickly became obvious that the techniques of climbing were more than I had imagined”中的climbing是提示。 3．A．inspired B．unwilling C．unaware D．attracted 4．A．problem B．mystery C．trick D．blessing 作者不喜欢冒险，所以当被告知要去爬山，这个有点风险和危险的事的时候，作者是不愿意的(unwilling)。 √ √ 幸运的是，我有一个优秀的教练Keith，他教给了我很多知识，从锻炼肌肉群到如何避免疲劳。本句中，it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，再结合that从句的内容可知，有一个优秀的教练对作者来说是一件好事(blessing)。 5．A．restore B．reject C．avoid D．ignore 6．A．interesting B．definite C．complex D．flexible 根据句意以及常识可知，教练教作者爬山时如何避免(avoid)疲劳。 √ √ 根据下文“Aware of the challenge”可知，作者发现攀岩技术比作者想象的要复杂(complex)得多。 7．A．stick to B．turn to C．adapt to D．contribute to 8．A．occasionally B．gradually C．daily D．endlessly 根据上文可知，作者发现攀岩技术比作者想象的要复杂得多，为了应对这个爬山的挑战，作者坚持(stick to)教练制定的计划。 √ √ 由上文可知，作者认为攀岩很复杂，为了应对爬山这个挑战，坚持教练制定的计划。因此可推断出，作者每天(daily)都在健身房锻炼，才能尽可能快而熟练地掌握攀岩技巧。 9．A．grew B．reduced C．changed D．crashed 10．A．maintaining B．accomplishing C．braving D．quitting √ √ 由前文可知，作者刚开始是不愿意爬山的；根据空后I became confident about finishing the climb.可知，作者对自己爬山有信心了。由此可知，作者的自信随着自己的肌肉力量而增长(grow)。 下文“But then I remembered all the I'd made and how disappointed Keith would be if I gave up-not to mention the sense of I'd experience myself.”提到作者想到放弃后的结果，其中的gave up和quit是同义词。 11．A．promises B．efforts C．decisions D．choices 12．A．relief B．obligation C．satisfaction D．failure √ √ 但随后我想起了我所做的所有努力(efforts)以及如果我放弃了Keith会有多么失望——更不用说我自己将经历的失败感了。 根据语境和句意，作者坚持训练了这么久，如果放弃了爬山，肯定会有失败感。 13．A．giving way to B．holding on to C．living up to D．going back to 14．A．ears B．muscles C．anger D．confusion √ √ 根据上文可知，作者在想放弃爬山的事，但是想到自己的努力，教练的失望以及自己要经历的失败感，作者的恐惧让位于(give way to)勇气(即勇气取代了恐惧)，和其他人一起开始爬山。 现在，当我坐在这里，敲击着我的笔记本电脑时，我惊讶于我能回忆起的所有细节：燃烧的肌肉(muscles)和疲劳。 根据上文“Would I be back for another go? Thankfully not.”可知作者不会再爬一次山了，所以这次登上山顶的经历是不会被重复的(never-to-be-repeated)经历。 15．A．never-to-be-repeated B．never-to-be-mentioned C．never-to-be-recalled D．never-to-be-forgotten √ Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) 　　The world's largest iceberg could hit South Georgia Island，posing 1.__ high risk to the wildlife that calls it home. 　　The iceberg，2. (name) A68a，is now approaching South Georgia Island.There's a 3. (possible) that it could ground itself on the island. The normal food-seeking routes for seals and penguins could 4.___________ (block)． 　　“When you are talking about penguins and seals during the period 5._________is crucial to them — raising baby animals，the actual distance they have to travel to find food really 6. (matter)，” British Antarctic Survey (BAS) ecologist Professor Geraint Tarling said.“If they have to take a longer route，they're not going to get back to their young in time to prevent them 7. (starve) to death.” a named possibility be blocked that/which matters starving 　　The iceberg is now about 300 8. (mile) away from the island.Because A68a only extends around 656 feet below the waterline，it could advance quite far before getting stuck.If that happens，the iceberg could be stuck for up to 10 years，increasing its impact 9. wildlife. 　　However，it is very difficult to say precisely what will happen.If the iceberg does stay in the ocean，it could 10. (actual) help local wildlife. The dust it carries would benefit plankton，which supports the entire food web. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界最大的冰山有可能撞上南乔治亚岛，对那里的生物造成一定的影响。 miles on/upon actually 1．答案：a　 2．答案：named　 3．答案：possibility　 考查冠词。空后risk为可数名词单数，故本空应用不定冠词a表示泛指。 考查非谓语动词。本空在句中作定语，动词name(命名，给……取名)和被修饰名词The iceberg之间是被动关系，应用动词-ed形式。 考查词性转换。本空在句中作主语，根据空前冠词a可知，本空应用名词形式。 4．答案：be blocked　 5．答案：that/which　 6．答案：matters　 考查动词的语态。动词block与主语routes之间为被动关系，故本空应用被动语态be blocked。 考查定语从句。本空引导定语从句，修饰名词the period，本空在从句中作主语，指物，故本空应用关系代词that或which。 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据前后句可知，本句应用一般现在时，且句子主语the actual distance是不可数名词，故谓语动词应用单数形式matters。 7．答案：starving　 8．答案：miles　 考查非谓语动词。prevent sb (from) doing sth意为“防止某人做某事”，故本空应用动词-ing形式starving。 考查名词的单复数。根据空前数词300可知，本空应用名词复数形式。 9．答案：on/upon　 10．答案：actually　 考查介词。impact on/upon意为“对……的影响”，故本空应用介词on/upon。 返回 考查词性转换。本空修饰动词help，故应用副词actually。 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 3　The art of painting 返回 $