UNIT 2 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（译林版）

　[背话题金句，写高分文章]　 1．I like the music which sounds good for me，no matter what style of music it is. 我喜欢那些听起来令我满意的音乐，无论它是哪种类型的。 2．Learning a musical instrument will help you develop concentration，patience and perseverance. 学习一种乐器将帮助你培养注意力、耐心和毅力。 3．There is clear evidence that children who take music lessons develop a better memory compared with children who have no musical training. 这里有明显的证据，与那些没受过音乐训练的孩子相比，上音乐课的孩子有更好的记忆力。 4．Nowadays，both traditional and modern music are popular with people in China. 现在，传统音乐和现代音乐都受到中国人的欢迎。 5．If you feel stressed，you can listen to pop music. 如果你觉得压抑，你可以听流行音乐。　 [单元话题导入]　 I have to say that music really has a strong attractiveness① to me.Naturally，everyone can choose suitable music to listen to.However，when you find a kind of music which can bring happiness to you，you will be surprised and become excited.Music has a magical energy，and it can help people gain good mood in a great extent②. When you feel sad，you can have a try to listen to soothing③ music.At first，soothing music will let you calm down.You will find that you will pay much attention to the music，and then your sadness can be decreased④.You will enter music ocean.It does not matter that when you listen to soothing music and you want to cry，you should just follow yourself feeling to have a thorough⑤ release⑥.Music will give you enough encouragement to overcome difficulties. Music also can double your happiness and arouse⑦ the fighting.For instance，when you solve some very difficult situations and gain success eventually，you will have a great mood.At this time，exciting music will witness⑧ your success.You will feel satisfied.Music lets you remember the glorious⑨ moment and cherish your success.Music can give you unlimited motivation to achieve goals，because you still want to listen to glorious music. Music indeed has a magical power to help people and society develop.I believe that music will still continue to bring us many surprises.As the development of society，great music will become more important. 当你感到孤独寂寞时，是否会打开音乐，在一段或轻柔或激烈的乐曲中慢慢修复自己？音乐真的有这种魔力。 阅读助手： ①attractiveness n．吸引力；迷惑力 ②in a great extent在很大程度上 ③soothing adj.安慰性的；催眠的 ④decrease vt.降低，减少 ⑤thorough adj.彻底的；完全的 ⑥release n．释放；排放；解脱 ⑦arouse vt.激起，唤醒 ⑧witness vt.见证 ⑨glorious adj.光荣的，荣耀的 随堂笔记 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading ………………………………………………………………………◎ ①concerto n．协奏曲 ②compose vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静 ③deserve vt.值得，应得 ④tear apart 使(关系密切的人)分离，分开 ⑤pleasant adj.令人愉快的，可喜的；友好的，和善的 ⑥as if＝as though 似乎，好像，仿佛 ⑦whisper vi.& vt.耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响 n．低语；轻柔的声音；传言 ⑧dramatic adj.激动人心的，引人注目的；突然的；戏剧的；夸张的 ⑨weep vi.& vt.(wept，wept) 哭泣，流泪 ⑩overcome vt.(overcame，overcome) 受到……的极大影响；克服，解决；战胜 ⑪sorrow n．悲伤，悲痛；伤心事 ⑫grave n．坟墓；死亡，去世 adj.严重的；严肃的 ⑬transform vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化 ⑭forever adv.永远；长久地；老是 ⑮combine vt.& vi.(使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做；合并 ⑯rely on　依赖，依靠；信任 ⑰all the time 一直，总是 ⑱turn out 原来是，结果发现；最终证实 ⑲blues n．(the blues) 布鲁斯音乐，蓝调；忧郁，悲伤 ⑳folk adj.民间的，民俗的 n．民间音乐；人们；各位；家人 ㉑tune n．曲调，曲子 vt.调音；调频道；调整 ㉒lyric n．歌词；抒情诗 adj.抒情的；吟唱的 ㉓throw in奉送，额外赠送 ㉔for good measure 作为额外增添 ㉕rural adj.乡村的，农村的 ㉖surroundings n．周围，环境 ㉗heaven n．极乐之地 ㉘breeze n．微风，和风 ㉙guarantee vt.保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提供保修 n．保证，担保；保修单 ◎……………………………………………………………………… Understanding culture through music Hi Lucy， So glad to get your email.I hope everything is fine with you.Last night，I watched a performance of Butterfly Lovers，a beautiful violin concerto① composed② by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang【1】．It's a piece that really deserves③ to be heard【2】． 【1】动词­ed形式短语作定语，修饰名词violin concerto。 【2】that引导定语从句，修饰先行词piece。 The music took me through the twists and turns of a classic story about a young couple torn apart④ by their families【3】．When the two lover，Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai，first meet，the music is light and pleasant⑤，as if⑥ whispering⑦ to the audience.It is followed by a fast and cheerful section which represents their three happy years of school【4】．Then the music gets dramatic⑧ with heavier notes and that is when the lovers are separated【5】 because Zhu's father forces her to marry another man.Angry and sad【6】，Liang falls sick and dies.Zhu weeps⑨ bitterly over the loss of her love.Overcome⑩ with sorrow⑪【7】，she jumps into his grave⑫.Finally，during the most exciting part，the music takes a softer turn and ends on a bittersweet note，telling us how the couple transform⑬ into butterflies and fly away to be together forever⑭.It is an amazing journey! 【3】动词­ed形式短语作定语，修饰名词couple。 【4】which引导定语从句，修饰先行词section。 【5】when引导表语从句。 【6】形容词作状语。 【7】动词­ed形式短语作状语。 Butterfly Lovers combines⑮ Chinese and Western musical elements：it is played on Western instruments such as the violin，but more significantly，much of the music has its roots in Chinese Yue Opera.This unique combination has made me realize that music is indeed a universal language【8】．You should definitely listen to Butterfly Lovers—I bet you'll like it! All the best， Alice 【8】that引导宾语从句，作动词realize的宾语。 Dear Stephen， Life here in Nashville is as interesting as I thought it would be.My host family are big fans of country music，so I can always rely on⑯ them to introduce me to some great songs.I love learning about country music and I keep asking them questions about it all the time⑰！ It turns out⑱ that country music became popular right here in the south of America in the 1940s and then spread across the nation.It grew out of such music types as the blues⑲ and folk⑳ music，so the musicians use many similar instruments，such as the guitar.The tunes㉑ are easy to sing，and the lyrics㉒ often leave you deep in thought.Most of the songs are about hardship and heartbreak，but also about hope—with plenty of humour thrown in㉓ for good measure㉔.You can feel an emotional connection between you and the musicians. Country music shows the peaceful green fields and simple life of the countryside.Obviously I don't know what it's truly like to grow up in rural㉕ America【9】，but the masters of country music，like John Denver，can make you feel like you're there.The simple tunes and beautiful natural images are often very suggestive of countryside surroundings㉖： Almost heaven㉗，West Virginia Blue Ridge Mountains，Shenandoah River Life is old there，older than the trees Younger than the mountains，growing like a breeze㉘ (From “Take Me Home，Country Roads” by John Denver) Why don't you try to listen to some great country music? I guarantee㉙ you'll enjoy it! Best wishes， Harry 【9】what引导宾语从句，作动词know的宾语。 透过音乐理解文化 露西： 你好！很高兴收到你的电邮。希望你一切都好。昨晚，我观看了一场《梁祝》的演出，这是由何占豪、陈钢创作的一部动听的小提琴协奏曲。这部作品真的值得一听。 乐曲带我进入了一个跌宕起伏的经典故事，讲述的是一对年轻情侣被他们家庭拆散的遭遇。当两个相爱的人，梁山伯与祝英台初次相见时，音乐轻柔愉悦，像是在低声耳语。随后是欢快的一节，代表两人同窗三载的快乐时光。接下来，曲调突然变得沉重，此时这对情侣被拆散，因为祝英台的父亲逼她另嫁他人。梁山伯悲愤交加，染病而亡，祝英台为失挚爱而痛哭，不胜伤悲，她跳进了梁山伯的坟墓。最后，在最激昂的部分，乐曲转而柔缓，以凄美的曲调收尾，它告诉我们，这对情侣化蝶而去，永世不再分离。真是一段美妙的旅程！ 《梁祝》融合了中西方的音乐元素，以西方乐器，譬如小提琴等演奏，但更重要的是，其曲调大多源自中国的越剧，这种独特的融合使我认识到，音乐的确是一种世界语言。你真该听一听《梁祝》——我保证你一定会喜欢它！ 祝一切顺利！ 爱丽丝 亲爱的斯蒂芬： 在纳什维尔的生活和我之前料想得一样有趣。我(寄宿)的主人家是乡村音乐的“铁杆粉丝”，所以我一直相信他们能给我介绍一些很棒的歌曲。我喜欢了解乡村音乐，一直在请教他们关于乡村音乐的问题。 原来，20世纪40年代乡村音乐正是在美国南部这里流行起来的。随后传遍整个美国。它源于诸如布鲁斯和民谣这样的音乐，所以音乐家们使用很多类似的乐器，比如吉他。乡村音乐的调子朗朗上口，歌词常常发人深省。大部分歌曲唱的是艰难与心碎，但也有希望——其中还附加了很多幽默元素，你可以感受到自己与音乐家之间的那种情感的联系。 乡村音乐展现的是乡村静谧的绿野和质朴的生活。我显然不知道在美国乡村长大究竟是什么样子，但是乡村音乐的大师们，比如约翰 ·丹佛，能让你觉得身临其境。简单的曲调和唯美的大自然很容易使人联想到乡村的环境。 西弗吉尼亚，简直就是天堂 蓝岭山脉，谢南多厄河流 那里生命古老，比数更年长 又比群山年轻，像风一样生长 (摘自约翰 ·丹佛《乡村路带我回家》) 你为什么不试试听几首很棒的乡村音乐？我保证你会喜欢的！ 致最美好的祝福， 哈里 一、整体理解 1．The text mainly tells us ． A．the love in Butterfly Lovers is moving B．country music is popular for most of people C．music is the universal language; we can understand culture through it D．the music in Butterfly Lovers differs with the plots of the performance 答案：　C 2．Match the main idea with each paragraph. Alice's email Para.1 A.The music took me through the twists and turns of the classic story about Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai. Para.2 B.Butterfly Lovers is a combination of Chinese and Western musical elements. Para.3 C.I watched a performance of Butterfly Lovers last night. 答案：Alice's email：CAB Harry's email Para.1 A.You should listen to some country music. Para.2 B.Country music can take you to enjoy the beautiful countryside. Para.3 C.My host family often introduce country music to me. Para.4 D.Country music became popular in the south of America and are mostly about emotions of the musicians. 答案：　Harry's email：CDBA 二、细节理解 Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．What is the character of the first part of Butterfly Lovers? A．Light and pleasant. B．Fast and cheerful. C．Heavy and rough. D．Soft and bitter. 2．What does Alice learn by listening Butterfly Lovers? A．Love is an everlasting theme. B．Music is a universal language. C．Different music can combine. D．Music can make people clever. 3．What does Harry think of the lyrics of country music? A．They are easy to remember. B．They are full of humor. C．They make you think deeply. D．They are full of imagination. 4．What images come to mind when Harry listens to country music? A．The peaceful life of musicians. B．The hardness of rural life. C．The warmth of the family. D．Countryside surroundings. 答案：　1－4：ABCD 三、长难句分析 1．Then the music gets dramatic with heavier notes and that is when the lovers are separated because Zhu's father forces her to marry another man. [分析]　本句为and连接的并列句。后面的分句中，when引导表语从句，because引导原因状语从句。 [翻译]　接下来，曲调突然变得沉重，此时这对情侣被拆散，因为祝英台的父亲逼她另嫁他人。 2．Obviously I don't know what it's truly like to grow up in rural America，but the master of country music，like John Denver，can make you feel like you're there. [分析]　本句为but连接的并列句。前面的分句中，what引导宾语从句；后面的分句中，you're there为宾语从句。 [翻译]　我显然不知道在美国乡村长大究竟是什么样子，但是乡村音乐的大师们，比如约翰 ·丹佛，能让你觉得身临其境。 四、培养批判性思维 1．According to what you know，list some benefits about listening to music.(Answers may vary.) 答案：　Listening to music can exercise your brain，make you smarter and improve your intelligence./Listening to music can relieve your anxiety，make you relax，and even make you manage your stress more effectively./Listening to music can improve your memory and help you solve your puzzle. 2．What image is formed in your mind while listening to the famous country music Take Me Home，Country Roads? 答案：　A long and quiet path lined with green trees runs through the enormous fields surrounded by blue mountains，towards a beautiful farmhouse—my dreaming home. [核心单词] 1．an Austrian musician　　　　　 一名奥地利音乐家 2．a pleasant environment 令人愉快的环境 3．rural areas 农村地区 4．overcome difficulties 克服困难 5．whisper something in his ear 对他耳语 6．hide her sorrow 掩饰她的悲伤 7．folk art 民间艺术 8．a year's guarantee 一年的保修期 9．deserve a rest 应休息一下 10．love you forever 永远爱你 [拓展单词] 1．composer n．作曲家，作曲者→compose vt.& vi. 作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静→composition n．组成，构成；创作，作曲；作文，作品 2．transform vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化→transformation n．转换；转化 3．combine vt.& vi.(使)融合；(使)结合；(使)混合；兼做；合并→combination n．结合体，联合体；联合，混合 4．surroundings n．周围，环境→surround vt.环绕，围绕→surrounding adj.周围的，附近的 5．adaptation n．改编本，改写本；适应→adapt vt.(使)适应，(使)适合；改编→adaptable adj.有适应能力的；能适应的 6．invader n．武装入侵的军队(或国家)，侵略者→invade vt.侵略，侵占→invasion n．入侵 7．defend vt.& vi.保护，防御；辩白，辩解→defence n．保护，防卫→defensive adj.防御的，保护的；戒备的 [重点短语] 第一组　汉译英 1．使(关系密切的人)分离　　　　 tear apart 2．依赖，依靠；信任 rely on 3．原来是，结果发现；最终证实 turn out 4．奉送，额外赠送 throw in 5．由……组成(或构成) consist of 第二组　英译汉 6．as if　　　　　　　　　　　　　 似乎，好像，仿佛 7．all the time 一直，总是 8．for good measure 作为额外增添 [典型句式] 根据课文语境和汉语提示补全句子 1．动词­ed形式(短语)作定语 Last night，I watched a performance of Butterfly Lovers，a beautiful violin concerto composed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang(由何占豪、陈钢奏曲的)． 2．形容词作状语 Angry and sad(悲愤交加)，Liang falls sick and dies. 3．“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构 This unique combination has made me realize(使我认识到) that music is indeed a universal language. 4．“主语＋be＋形容词＋to do”句型 The tunes are easy to sing(朗朗上口)，and the lyrics often leave you deep in thought. compose vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静 (教材原句)Last night，I watched a performance of Butterfly Lovers，a beautiful violin concerto composed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang. 昨晚，我观看了一场《梁祝》的演出，这是由何占豪、陈钢创作的一部动听的小提琴协奏曲。 (1)be composed of＝be made up of＝consist of　　由……组成 compose oneself 使某人镇定 (2)composer n. 作曲家，作曲者 (3)composition n. 组成，构成；创作，作曲；作文，作 [佳句背诵]　Mozart composed his last opera shortly before he died. 莫扎特在创作出他最后一部歌剧后不久便去世了。 ◎基础练透——写出下列句中compose的含义/单句语法填空 ①Mozart showed great genius at an early age and began to compose music at the age of six. vt.作曲 ②Water composes nearly 70 percent of the human body. vt.组成 ③She took a deep breath to compose herself (she)，though she was very nervous. ④The United Kingdom is a state located at north­west Europe，which is composed of four countries：England，Scotland，Wales and Northern Ireland. ◎能力提升——一句多译 ⑤海水主要由水和盐组成。 →The sea water is mainly composed of water and salt.(compose) →The sea water mainly consists of water and salt.(consist) →The sea water is mainly made up of water and salt.(make up) [语境串记]　The famous composer has composed more than one hundred pieces of music and his new album is composed of six of them. 这位著名的作曲家创作了一百多首乐曲，他的新专辑由其中六首组成。 deserve vt.值得，应得 (教材原句)It's a piece that really deserves to be heard. 这部作品真的值得一听。 (1)deserve to do sth 应该做某事；值得做某事 (2)sth deserve doing＝sth deserve to be done 某事值得被做 deserve consideration/attention/a rest/a praise 值得考虑/注意/应该休息/应受到表 [佳句背诵]　You deserve a rest after all that hard work. 辛苦劳累那么久，你该休息一下了。 [名师点津]　“deserve doing”结构是主动形式表示被动含义，它相当于deserve to be done。与deserve用法类似的词还有：need，want，require，demand(需要)。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①He does not deserve to win (win) any respect from anybody just because he does not know how to respect others. ②There is no doubt that the man is guilty and that he deserves punishing/to be punished/punishment (punish)． ◎能力提升——一句多译 ③我认为任何好的建议都值得考虑。 →I think any good suggestion deserves consideration． →I think any good suggestion deserves considering． →I think any good suggestion deserves to be considered． whisper vi.& vt.耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响 n.低语；轻柔的声音；传言 (教材原句)When the two lovers，Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai，first meet，the music is light and pleasant，as if whispering to the audience. 当两个相爱的人，梁山伯与祝英台初次相见时，音乐轻柔愉悦，像是在低声耳语。 (1)whisper sth to sb　　　对某人耳语某事 It is whispered that... 传闻说……，有人私下里说…… (2)in a whisper/in whispers (＝in a low voice) 小声地，低声 [佳句背诵]　Don't you know it's rude to whisper? 难道你不知道窃窃私语是不礼貌的吗？ ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Nervously facing challenges，I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”． ②He always talks in a whisper，so sometimes it's difficult to hear what he's saying. ③My mother hugged me tightly，whispering (whisper) that she would love me forever. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④It is whispered that the manager intends to resign. 传闻说经理打算辞职。 形容词作状语 (教材原句)Angry and sad，Liang falls sick and dies. 悲愤交加，梁山伯染病而亡。 (1)形容词作状语时，通常说明主语的情况，即表示主语的状态、性质、特征等； (2)形容词作状语时，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Surprised (surprise) and afraid，Tom ran out of the room. ②When it was his turn to deliver his speech，Tom walked towards the microphone，nervous and embarrassed (embarrass)． ◎能力提升——微写作 ③After the long journey，the three of them went back home，hungry and tired． 长途旅行后他们三个回家了，又饿又累。 transform vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化 (教材原句)Finally，during the most exciting part，the music takes a softer turn and ends on a bittersweet note，telling us how the couple transform into butterflies and fly away to be together forever. 最后，在最激昂的部分，乐曲转而柔缓，以凄美的曲调收尾，它告诉我们，这对情侣化蝶而去，永世不再分离。 (1) transform...into...　　把……转化成…… transform from...into... 从……转变成…… (2)transformation n. 变化，改观，转变，改 [佳句背诵]　In only 20 years the country has been transformed into an advanced industrial power. 这个国家只用了20年时间就变成了一个先进的工业强国。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①It is a surprise that the faraway village has been transformed into a famous city in only ten years. ②I could hardly believe such a great transformation (transform) in my hometown. ③With his great effort，the boy has transformed from an average student into a top student. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④Repetition does not transform a lie into a truth． 重复并不能把谎言变成真理。 combine vt.& vi.(使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做；合并 (教材原句)Butterfly Lovers combines Chinese and Western musical elements. 《梁祝》融合了中西方的音乐元素。 (1)combine...with/and... 把……与……结合起来 combine to do sth 联合起来做某事 (2)combination n. 结合体，联合体；联合，混合 in combination (with) (与……)联合/结 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①If he can combine his ability with/and hard work，he should be very successful. ②Only when our theory is combined (combine) with practice can the former become reliable knowledge. ③A number of factors have combined to create (create) this difficult situation. ④The firm is working on a new product in combination (combine) with several overseas partners. ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑤You should try to combine exercise with/and a healthy diet． 你应该把锻炼和健康饮食结合起来。 rely on依赖，依靠；信任 (教材原句)My host family are big fans of country music，so I can always rely on them to introduce me to some great songs. 我(寄宿)的主人家是乡村音乐的“铁杆粉丝”，所以我一直相信他们能给我介绍一些很棒的歌曲。 (1)rely on (doing) sth　依赖/信任/指望(做)某事 (2)rely on sb for... 依靠某人获得…… (3)rely on sb to do sth 指望/相信/依赖某人做某事 (4)rely on it that... 相信/指望……(it作形式宾语，that从句作真正的宾语) ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Still，55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter rely only on their smartphones，according to a survey. ②You are an adult now so you shouldn't rely on your parents for money any more. ③You can never rely on him to keep (keep) a promise. ④You can rely on it that I can finish the work on time，or even ahead of time. ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑤Most working women have to rely on parents to help look after their children． 大多数职业女性不得不依靠父母来帮助照顾她们的孩子。 tune n.曲调，曲子 vt.调音；调频道；调整 (教材原句)The tunes are easy to sing，and the lyrics often leave you deep in thought. 乡村音乐的调子朗朗上口，歌词常常发人深省。 (1)be in/out of tune (with sb/sth)　(与……)协调/不协调，(与……)一致/不一致 (2) tune...to... 使……适应…… tune in (to sth) 收听(收音机广播节目)；收看(电视节目) tune in to sb 理解，体谅(他人的思想感情等) [名师点津]　tune还可用作动词，意为“(为乐器)调音，校音；调整，调节(发动机)；使协调，使适合”。 ◎基础练透——写出下列句中tune的含义/单句语法填空 ①I don't know the title but I recognize the tune.曲调，旋律 ②He tuned his violin before he started playing.调音，校音 ③I suggest that you should tune your speech to what the audience want to hear.使协调，使适合 ④Typically，more than three­quarters of Chinese households with televisions tune in to the show. ⑤These proposals are completely in tune with our own thoughts on the subject. ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑥You should tune your language to the age of your audience. 你应该使你的语言适应你的听众的年龄。 “主语＋be＋形容词＋to do”句型 (教材原句)The tunes are easy to sing，and the lyrics often leave you deep in thought. 乡村音乐的调子朗朗上口，歌词常常发人深省。 (1)在“主语＋be＋形容词＋to do”句型中，动词不定式的逻辑宾语就是句子的主语，通常以主动形式表被动意义。常用于此种结构的一些形容词有：easy，interesting，hard，difficult，impossible，comfortable等； (2)动词不定式中的动词(短语)为不及物动词时，需要加适当的介词，使句子主语与这个动词短语构成动宾关系 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Today's homework was easy to do (do)，so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play. ②English has a huge number of colourful and splendid expressions which may be difficult to understand (understand)． ③The armchair looks rather hard，but in fact it is very comfortable to sit in． ◎能力提升——微写作 ④The little boy is very outgoing so he is easy to get along with． 这个小男孩很外向，所以很容易相处。 surroundings n.周围，环境 (教材原句)The simple tunes and beautiful natural images are often very suggestive of countryside surroundings： 简单的曲调和唯美的大自然很容易使人联想到乡村的环境： (1)surround vt.　　　　　环绕，围绕 surround...with/by... 用……把……包围/围住 be surrounded by/with... 被……环绕、包围；周围都是…… (2)surrounding adj. 周围的，附近 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①The baby was playing on the carpet，surrounded (surround) by all kinds of toys. ②And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding (surround) the mountain tops，he was reduced to tears. ③The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp，which was surrounded (surround) by a high wire fence. ④She was faced with a new job，in unfamiliar surroundings (surround) with strange people. ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑤Standing on the top of the mountain，we can have a good view of the surrounding area． 站在山顶上，我们可以很好地看到周边地区的景色。 guarantee vt.保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提供保修 n.保证，担保；保修单 (教材原句)I guarantee you'll enjoy it! 我保证你会喜欢的！ (1)guarantee sb sth＝guarantee sth to sb　　保证某人某事 guarantee to do sth 保证做某事 be guaranteed to do sth 肯定会……；必定会…… (2)under guarantee 在保修期内 give sb a guarantee that... 向某人担保/保证… ◎基础练透——写出下列句中guarantee的含义/单句语法填空 ①He gave me a guarantee that it would never happen again. n．保证 ②Every new television comes with a guarantee.n.保修单 ③We can guarantee the freshness of all our produce offered to you. vt.保证，担保 ④While none of this is guaranteed to work (work)，there is no alternative to trying. ⑤All the products that you have bought in our store will be repaired for free if it is still under guarantee. ⑥We guarantee to refund (refund) your money if you are not delighted with your purchase. ◎能力提升——一句多译 ⑦只有流利的英语并不能保证你找到一个工作。 →Fluent English alone can't guarantee you a job． →Fluent English alone can't guarantee a job to you． adaptation n.改编本，改写本；适应 (教材原句)The musical piece，an adaptation of Xian Xinghai's Yellow River Cantata，tells how the Chinese people，led by the Communist Party of China，fought to overcome the Japanese invaders. 这首乐曲改编自冼星海的《黄河大合唱》，讲述了中国共产党领导下的中国人民如何战胜日本侵略者。 (1)adapt vt.& vi.　 (使)适应，(使)适合 adapt to 适应；适合 adapt oneself to 使自己适应 adapt...from... 根据……改写/改编…… adapt...for... 改(编)……为……之用 (2)adaptable adj. 有适应能力的；能适应 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①After graduation from college，I gradually adapted myself to living (live) on my own. ②Have you watched the TV series The Ordinary World adapted (adapt) from Lu Yao's novel of the same name? ③Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people. ④Successful businesses are highly adaptable (adapt) to economic change. ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑤To all fresh students，how to adapt themselves to the new environment is the first thing that you have to face. 对新生们来说，如何使他们自己适应新的环境是你们必须面对的第一件事。 [语境串记]　Three of his novels have been adapted for TV series and these adaptations are very popular with people. 他的三部小说已被改编成电视剧，这些改编作品深受人们欢迎。 consist of 由……组成(或构成) (教材原句)It consists of four movements：“The Song of the Yellow River Boatmen”，“Ode to the Yellow River”，“The Yellow River in Anger” and “Defend the Yellow River”． 它由四个乐章组成：《黄河船夫曲》、《黄河颂》、《黄河愤》和《保卫黄河》。 (1) consist of＝be composed of＝be made up of 　　　　由……构成，由……组成(表示整体由部分构成) (2)consist in 在于，存在于 (3)consist with 与……一致，与……相吻 [名师点津]　consist of 一般不用于进行时，也不用于被动语态，其非谓语动词应用动词­ing形式。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting (consist) of heat detectors and smoke detectors. ②The beauty of the picture consists in its balance of colors. ③As far as I know，he is a man whose actions do not consist with his promises. ◎能力提升——一句多译 ④英国由英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士和北爱尔兰组成。 →The UK consists of England，Scotland，Wales and Northern Ireland.(consist) →The UK is composed of England，Scotland，Wales and Northern Ireland.(compose) →The UK is made up of England，Scotland，Wales and Northern Ireland.(make up) defend vt.& vi.保护，防御；辩白，辩解 (教材原句)It consists of four movements：“The Song of the Yellow River Boatmen”，“Ode to the Yellow River”，“The Yellow River in Anger” and “Defend the Yellow River”．它由四个乐章组成：《黄河船夫曲》、《黄河颂》、《黄河愤》和《保卫黄河》。 (1)defend...from/against　保护……以免受；防御 defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫 (2)defence n. [U]保卫，防卫 in defence of 保卫；为……辩 [佳句背诵]　The Great Wall was once used to defend against military aggression. 长城曾被用来防御军事侵略。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①The strong walls of the castle served as a good defence (defend) against the attacks. ②It is said that the murderer has employed a famous lawyer to defend (defend) him. ③When a dog attacked me，I picked up a stick to defend myself (I)． ◎能力提升——微写作 ④It is the nature of parents to do all they can to defend their child from harm and danger． 父母会竭尽全力保护孩子免受伤害和危险是天性。 [语境串记]　In time of war，lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked. 在战争时期，大量资金将用于国防，并将采取许多措施来保护一个国家不受攻击。 维度一　单词拼写 1．The two parties managed to overcome(克服)their differences on the issue. 2．The type of person who seeks benefits for the people deserves(值得)a high praise. 3．Sixty years ago，half the French population still lived in rural(农村的)areas. 4．The country should have the right to defend(保护)itself with all legal means. 5．He expressed his sorrow(悲伤)at the news of her death. 维度二　单句语法填空 1．So far，she has composed (compose) ten novels that won her worldwide fame. 2．He leaned across the table and whispered to me that he had found a big secret. 3．Why not combine traditions of the past with the innovations of the future? 4．He was an expert at finding his way，even in strange surroundings (surround)． 5．We guarantee to deliver (deliver) your goods within a week. 维度三　完成句子 1．No matter how favourable the conditions are，we'll still rely on our own efforts． 即使条件再好，我们还要靠自己的努力。 2. Afraid of being caught，the thief hid himself under a bed. 害怕被抓，这个小偷藏在了床底下。 3．The cake is easy to make． 这种蛋糕很容易做。 课时精练(五)　Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading (时间：60分钟　满分：81分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [基础达标] 维度一　根据汉语提示或首字母填入单词的适当形式(每小题1分，共8分) 1．She's made sure to pass the folk(民间的)songs down to younger generations. 2．We will work hard to ensure people from both urban and rural(农村的)areas to enjoy health care coverage. 3．No composer(作曲家)was considered worthy of the name until he had written an opera. 4．It is your parents who love you forever(永远)and always are there with you. 5．She sank down on the bed and began to weep(哭泣)like a little girl. 6．It was his encouraging words that gave me the courage to overcome all the difficulties. 7．I'm familiar with the tune of the song but I can't remember its name. 8．We had to offer our house as a guarantee when getting the loan. 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The little girl whispered to her mother that she was very afraid of seeing the doctor. 2．It is amazing that this insect can take on the colour of its surroundings (surround)． 3．I have to say in her defence (defend) that she knew nothing about it beforehand. 4．A combination (combine) of internal and external factors caused the company to close down. 5．The film Mulan has become popular recently.Do you think its adaptation (adapt) is faithful to the book? 6．The shop assistant gave me a necklace for good measure after I bought a pair of earrings and a ring. 7．If you know opportunity and challenge are two aspects of one issue，either of which can be transformed into the other，you will be more optimistic. 8．You can rely on it that the students can arrive at school on time. 维度三　完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．The question is difficult for me to answer． 这个问题对我来说很难回答。 2．Embarrassed and ashamed，I can't concentrate on anything. 既尴尬又羞愧，我做什么事都无法集中精力。 3．She walked aimlessly，as if thinking of something else． 她漫无目的地走着，仿佛在想着什么别的事情。 4．To our great sorrow，he died at his post. 让我们非常悲伤的是，他以身殉职。 5．The meeting held yesterday is of great importance. 昨天举行的会议非常重要。 维度四　课文语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) Last night，Alice watched a 1.performance(perform) of Butterfly Lovers，a beautiful violin concerto composed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang.It's a piece that really deserves 2.hearing/to be heard (hear)． The music tells of a classic story about a young couple 3.torn(tear)apart by their families.When the two lovers，Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai，first meet，the music is light and pleasant，as if whispering 4.to the audience.It is followed by a fast and cheerful section 5.which/that represents their three happy years of school.Then the music gets dramatic with heavier notes and that is when the lovers are separated because Zhu's father forces her to marry another man.Angry and sad，Liang falls sick and dies.Overcome with sorrow，Zhu jumps into his grave.Finally，during the most 6.exciting(excite)part，the music takes a softer turn and ends on a bittersweet note，7.telling(tell)us how the couple transform into butterflies and fly away to be together forever.It is an amazing journey! Butterfly Lovers combines Chinese 8.and/with Western musical elements：it is played on Western instruments such as the violin，but more significantly，much of the music has 9.its(it) roots in Chinese Yue Opera.This unique combination has made me realize that music is indeed a universal language.You should 10.definitely(definite) listen to Butterfly Lovers—I bet you'll like it! [素能提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A Every year，TIME for Kids highlights inventions that are making the world better and a bit more fun.Which of the following are you most excited about? Keeping Kids Calm Purrble comes to the rescue for anxious kids.This toy has seven sensors.They respond to touch.Purrble's heartbeat speeds up when you play with the toy.Then you comfort Purrble by petting it.This slows its heartbeat down.It calms you too.In a study of 20 families，19 parents said that Purrble helped their kids calm down. Listen to this MobiWAN helps you communicate by directing calls through your head.The headset speaker and microphone，created by Mobilus Labs，use bone­conduction technology.Sound vibrations(振动)are sent through the wearer's skull(头骨)．This lets workers stay in touch in noisy places，such as a construction site or a ship in a storm. Read to me Reading is a challenge for millions of people.They may struggle with poor eyesight，dyslexia，or other issues.But with computer vision and artificial intelligence，the OrCam Read can read any piece of text aloud.The OrCam Read can also read text in multiple languages. Helping hand The Mega Cyborg Hand kit was created by Thames & Kosmos.It helps kids build a robotic hand that copies the movements of a real hand.The device is made up of plastic pieces and tubes filled with water.Once assembled(组装)and slipped on，it passes force from the user's fingers to the fingers of the robotic hand.The Mega Cyborg Hand can be adjusted to fit arms of almost any size.It easily switches from left­handed to right­handed to “claw.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种让世界变得更美好、更有趣的发明。 1．What can Purrble do? A．It can help people design kinds of toys. B．It can play games with children. C．It can cure people's illness. D．It can keep children calm. D　[细节理解题。根据Keeping Kids Calm部分中“Purrble comes to the rescue for anxious kids.”可知，Purrble能拯救焦虑的孩子；根据“Purrble helped their kids calm down.”可知，Purrble有助于孩子冷静下来。由此可知，Purrble能够能让孩子们保持冷静，故选D项。] 2．Which invention is the most suitable for construction workers? A．Purrble. B．MobiWAN. C．The Mega Cyborg Hand. D．OrCam Read. B　[推理判断题。根据Listen to this部分中“This lets workers stay in touch in noisy places，such as a construction site or a ship in a storm.”可知，MobiWAN可以使工人们在嘈杂的地方保持联系，比如建筑工地或暴风雨中的船只。由此可推断出，最适合建筑工人的发明是MobiWAN。] 3．In which column of a magazine can we find this article? A．Entertainment. B．Business. C．Science. D．Travel. C　[文章出处题。根据第一段中“Every year，TIME for Kids highlights inventions that are making the world better and a bit more fun.”可知，本文介绍了四种让世界变得更美好、更有趣的发明，因此最有可能出现在科学版块。] B Itzhak Perlman was born in Tel Aviv，in what was then Palestine，in 1945.Today he lives in New York City.But his music has made him a citizen of the world.He has played in almost every major city.He has won many Grammy awards for his recordings.He has also won Emmy Awards for his work on television. Itzhak Perlman suffered from polio(小儿麻痹症)at the age of four.The disease damaged his legs.He uses a wheelchair or walks with the aid of crutches (拐杖)on his arms.But none of this stopped him from playing the violin.He began as a young child.He took his first lessons at the Music Academy of Tel Aviv.Very quickly，his teachers recognized that he had a special gift. At thirteen he went to the United Sates to appear on television.His playing earned him the financial aid to attend the Juilliard School in New York.In 1964 Itzhak Perlman won the Leventritt Competition in that city.His international fame had begun. His music is full of power and strength.It can be sad or joyful，loud or soft.But critics(评论家)say it is not the music alone that makes his playing so special.They say he is able to communicate the joy he feels in playing，and the emotions that great music can deliver. Anyone who has attended a performance by Itzhak Perlman will tell you that it is exciting to watch him play.His face changes as the music from his violin changes.He looks sad when the music seems sad.He smiles and closes his eyes when the music is light and happy.He often looks dark and threatening when the music seems dark and threatening. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了四岁时就身患小儿麻痹症的音乐人Itzhak Perlman从事音乐道路的故事。 4．According to the passage，what do we know about Itzhak Perlman? A．He is 75 years old today. B．He was born in New York City. C．He has some achievements in music. D．He was a rich citizen of the world. C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“But his music has made him a citizen of the world.”和“He has won many Grammy awards for his recordings.He has also won Emmy Awards for his work on television.”可知，Itzhak Perlman在音乐上取得了一些成就，故选C项。] 5．When Itzhak Perlman first learned music，his teachers ． A．ignored his talents B．thought he was fit to learn music C．had pity on him D．didn't want to accept him B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Very quickly，his teachers recognized that he had a special gift.”可知，Itzhak Perlman开始学音乐时，他的老师们认为他适合学音乐，故选B项。] 6．What makes Itzhak Perlman's playing special according to critics? A．The emotions he communicates in his playing. B．The style in which he plays his music. C．The kind of music he plays. D．The power and strength in his music. A　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“They say he is able to communicate the joy he feels in playing，and the emotions that great music can deliver.”可知，在评论家看来，Itzhak Perlman的演奏如此特殊的原因在于他在演奏中表达的情感，故选A项。] 7．How do people feel when they hear Itzhak Perlman play? A．Moved. B．Calm. C．Funny. D．Excited. D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Anyone who has attended a performance by Itzhak Perlman will tell you that it is exciting to watch him play.”可知，听 Itzhak Perlman的音乐，会让人们感到兴奋，故选D项。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) How to Be Creative Most of us think that creativity is a quality belonging only to artists，writers，or dancers，rather than ourselves. 1 The following tips are a great beginning for developing our creativity. Get out of your comfort zone We eagerly accept the familiar and fear the unknown.Break out of your usual patterns and welcome creativity into your life.As stated earlier，the human brain was designed to recognize patterns. 2 In fact，our comfort zone is nothing more than a collection of patterns.As we become more efficient at recognizing and using patterns，we rely less on creativity to find new paths.We should force ourselves out of our comfort zones and open up new possibilities. Try different things If you always do what you've always done，you'll always get what you've always got.We are creatures of habits and routines，and creativity hates routines.If you usually drive to work，take the subway for a few days. 3 Interrupt your routine，experiment and try something new.New things are often creative，but the same old thing never is. 4 Having a great idea is not enough，you must work to make it a reality.Have you ever seen a new product and realized that you thought of the same thing long ago? Yet someone else is making money with “your” idea. 5 The difference between a dreamer and a doer is action.Do whatever it takes to bring your ideas to life.If you can put them into practice，you are well on your way to improving your creativity in all areas of your life. A．Take action B．Seek several options C．Think from the other person's point of view. D．If you normally eat in the office，have lunch under a tree. E．The truth is that we are all born with the capacity to be creative. F．We continue to create patterns and routines for almost everything we do. G．We all have great ideas sometimes，but only a few people turn their ideas into realities. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了培养我们的创造力的一些建议。 1．E　[根据空前句“Most of us think that creativity is a quality belonging only to artists，writers，or dancers，rather than ourselves.”及空后句“The following tips are a great beginning for developing our creativity.”可知，E项(事实是，我们生来就有创造力。)符合上下文文意。] 2．F　[根据空前句“As stated earlier，the human brain was designed to recognize patterns.”和空后句“In fact，our comfort zone is nothing more than a collection of patterns.”可知，F项(我们继续为我们所做的几乎所有事情创建模式和例程。)符合上下文文意。pattern为复现词。] 3．D　[根据本段标题“Try different things”(尝试不同的事物)和空后句“Interrupt your routine，experiment and try something new.”可知，本段建议从自己固有的模式中走出来，尝试做一些改变，D项(如果你通常在办公室吃饭，就在树下吃午饭。)与上句“If you usually drive to work，take the subway for a few days.”并列，都是具体例子。] 4．A　[根据本段中“Having a great idea is not enough；you must work to make it a reality.”可知本段强调光有想法是不够的，还应该付诸行动让想法成为事实。A项(采取行动)符合段意，且与其他标题结构一致。] 5．G　[本段建议付诸行动让想法成为事实，根据空后句“The difference between a dreamer and a doer is action.”可知，G项(有时我们都有伟大的想法，但只有少数人将他们的想法变成现实。)说明了梦想家和实干家的不同，符合上下文语境，且其中的“turn their ideas into realities.”与标题和下句意思一致。] Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) Grady had a surprise encounter in the camping site. “This is going to be another really long week，” he said to no one 1 ，sighing.He looked around at the campground.Hundreds of tall trees 2 the mountainside，like a beautiful green carpet.The sun would be setting soon.Even up here in the 3 ，the hot air of July could still be annoying. Grady hated camping，but it was something his family insisted on every 4 ．His father liked cooking over an open fire，telling stories about how to 5 things like bear attacks and bee bites.His mother and younger brother Jared liked to hike and take 6 of animals.Jared had a collection of bug pictures and he pinned them to the 7 in his half of their room，bugs on leaves，bugs on trees，bugs moving in dirt.Grady thought it was not quite normal and regarded Jared as a 8 kid. They 9 camp—two tents one for his parents and one for himself and Jared.While everyone else started preparing dinner，Grady set 10 for the nearby stream which was deep enough to swim in，looking for some place to cool down. As he 11 the stream，something caught his eyes.There was a(n) 12 black baby bear，no more than two feet tall with a lovely face.It was playing 13 at the water's edge，paying no attention to its surroundings.Grady moved closer to get a 14 look.Then Grady heard a sound behind him.He suddenly remembered his father once saying that baby bear would never be 15 ．Then he looked up and saw the mother bear moving towards him... What a surprise encounter! 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Grady在和家人露营时，只身来到小溪边，看到一只可爱的熊宝宝，正当靠近时，想起父亲说熊宝宝不会独自行动，接着抬头看到熊妈妈正向他走来……。 1．A.in advance B．in brief C．in particular D．in turn C　[结合上文内容可知Grady在自言自语，并不是特意(in particular)对谁说的这话。] 2．A.quit B．covered C．reflected D．moved B　[结合前后文语境“Hundreds of tall trees ...the mountainside”可知，此处指数百棵高大的树木覆盖着(cover)山坡。] 3．A.mountain B．river C．car D．tower A　[结合上文“the mountainside”可知，他们在山(mountain)上。] 4．A.spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter B　[根据第一段中“the hot air of July could still be annoying”可知当时是七月，说明他的家人是夏天(summer)去露营。] 5．A.encourage B．attract C．forgive D．survive D　[根据后文“like bear attacks and bee bites”可知，父亲喜欢讲述如何在遭受熊袭击和蜜蜂叮咬等情况下生存(survive)下来的故事。] 6．A.pictures B．control C．care D．examples A　[结合后文“had a collection of bug pictures”可知，Jared喜欢给动物拍照(pictures)。] 7．A.roofs B．walls C．floors D．beds B　[根据常识和后文“in his half of their room”可知，照片被钉在房间的墙壁(wall)上。] 8．A.generous B．independent C．strange D．sensitive C　[结合上文“Grady thought it was not quite normal”可知，Grady认为Jared的行为不太正常，觉得Jared是个奇怪的(strange)孩子。] 9．A.let down B．broke down C．set up D．pick up C　[结合后文camp可知此处指他们露营搭帐篷。set up camp表示“搭帐篷”。] 10．A.out B．off C．about D．up B　[根据后文“looking for some place to cool down”可知，空处需用set off“动身前往”，此处表示动身前往附近的小溪。] 11．A.removed B．defended C．filled D．approached D　[上文提到Grady向小溪出发，结合后文“joyfully at the water's edge”可知Grady靠近了(approach)小溪。] 12．A.cute B．terrible C．frightened D．large A　[根据后文“no more than two feet tall with a lovely face”可知熊宝宝很可爱(cute)。] 13．A.respectfully B．gratefully C．carefully D．joyfully D　[根据后文“paying no attention to its surroundings.”可知，因为玩的开心(joyfully)才没有注意到周围的环境。] 14．A.brighter B．better C．fixed D．lasting B　[brighter更明亮的；根据上文“Grady moved closer to get a look”可知Grady走得更近是为了视线更好，看得更清楚一些。get a better look表示“看得更清楚”。] 15．A.absent B．awake C．alone D．asleep C　[根据常识和后文“Then he looked up and saw the mother bear moving towards him...”可知熊宝宝都不会单独(alone)行动的，母熊一般都在附近。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $