Unit 2 Section Ⅳ Using language-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（外研版）

本讲义聚焦动词-ing形式与动词不定式作宾语这一核心语法点，通过“语法串烧”语篇导入真实情境，系统梳理只接不定式（如decide, want）、只接动名词（如enjoy, avoid）及两者皆可但含义不同（如regret, remember）的动词及短语用法，搭建从语篇感知到规则归纳的学习支架。 资料以情境化语篇激活语言能力，通过分类对比辨析动词用法培养思维品质，设计“巧学活用”练习和分层测评（语境基础练、素能提升练）提升学习能力。课中助力教师系统授课，课后学生可借助实例回顾和针对性练习巩固知识，弥补薄弱环节。

Section Ⅳ　Using language 动词-ing形式与动词不定式作宾语 语法串烧 我的发现 　　Jamie Wells decided to join① the Boy Scouts because he enjoyed challenging② himself as well as meeting new friends. He thought scout camp was fun, but not without its challenges! Each day began with a 5-kilometer cross-country run — at 6 am! At first he failed to finish③the whole route. On the fourth day, he was so tired that he even didn't want to get④out of bed. Feeling homesick, he regretted attending⑤ the scout camp and wanted to phone his dad to take him home. But he didn't give up. Things soon got better. He became stronger and more confident and made new friends. He admitted being a scout had its challenges, but it was worthwhile. ①③④中decide, fail和want后跟动词不定式作宾语； ②中enjoy后跟动词-ing形式作宾语； ⑤regret doing sth意为“后悔做过某事”。 学生用书第50页 一、只接动词不定式作宾语的动词及短语 英语中有些动词及短语必须接动词不定式作宾语，这类动词及短语常用的有：afford；agree；attempt；choose；desire；determine；decide；expect；hope；learn；manage；offer；plan；pretend；promise；refuse；wish；set out；would like等。 I can't afford to waste money on cheap souvenirs. 我不能把钱浪费在那些廉价的纪念品上。 I expect to be back as soon as possible. 我盼望着尽早回来。 At last I managed to carry all those large boxes upstairs. 最后我总算把那些大箱子都搬上了楼。 【温馨提示】　能接“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语的动词有： know，understand，tell，explain，teach，learn，ask，decide，wonder等。此用法中的动词不定式的逻辑主语需要与句子的主语或宾语一致，否则用宾语从句。 He didn't know how to deal with the accident. 他不知道怎样处理这起事故。 [巧学活用1]——补全句子 1．She promises to buy her mother a big house(给她妈妈买个大房子) as she grows up. 2．What confused him most was how to solve this challenging problem(如何解决这个难题). 3．Have you decided where to spend your holiday(到哪里去度假)? 4．I don't know what to do(做些什么). 二、只接动名词作宾语的动词及短语 英语中有些动词及短语必须接动词-ing形式作宾语，这类动词及短语常用的有：admit；appreciate；avoid；consider；delay；deny；enjoy；escape；finish；imagine；mind；miss；postpone；practice；resist；risk；suggest；insist on；stand；keep等。 另外，be used to习惯于；be accustomed to习惯于；lead to导致；devote oneself to献身于；object to反对；stick to坚持；look forward to期望，盼望等短语中的to为介词，也接动词-ing形式作宾语。 Have you ever considered going abroad for further education? 你考虑过去国外深造吗？ You can hardly avoid meeting her if both of you work in the same office. 如果你们两个人在同一间办公室工作，你就免不了会遇见她。 He has been looking forward to going to England for a long time. 很长一段时间以来他一直盼望去英国。 [巧学活用2]——用所给动词的适当形式填空 1．He got well prepared for the job interview，for he couldn't risk losing(lose) the good opportunity. 2．We are considering making(make) a new decision. 3．—I usually go there by train. —Why not try going (go) by boat for a change? 4．Our monitor suggested having(have) a discussion on the new holiday plan. 三、有些动词和动词短语后跟动词不定式和动名词作宾语皆可，但含义不同。常见的有： 1．try to do 尽力做……；try doing 试着去做…… 2．mean to do打算做……；mean doing 意味着…… 3．regret to do遗憾要去做……；regret doing后悔做过…… 4．remember to do 记得去做……；remember doing记得做过…… 5．forget to do忘记去做……；forget doing 忘记做了…… 学生用书第51页 She told me to go and lock the door.She didn't remember locking the door after supper. 她叫我去锁门，她不记得晚饭后锁过门了。 Remember to turn off all the lights when you leave the classroom. 当你离开教室时，别忘记把所有的灯关掉。 They didn't mean to go and help you. 他们不打算去帮助你们。 His words meant going to help you without delay. 他的话意味着他将毫不迟疑地前去帮助你们。 【温馨提示】 (1)need，want，require等动词作“需要”讲，且主语为“某事物”时，后面跟动词-ing形式或跟动词不定式的被动式，都表示被动意义。 Your house needs repairing/to be repaired. 你的房子需要维修。 The problem requires solving/to be solved immediately. 这个问题需要立即予以解决。 (2)在动词allow，permit，forbid，advise后面直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。即： allow/permit/forbid/advise doing sth允许/同意/禁止/建议做某事；allow/permit/forbid/advise sb to do sth允许/同意/禁止/建议某人做某事。 He forbids smoking during office hours. 他禁止在办公时间抽烟。 Allow me to congratulate you on your great success! 让我向你伟大的成功祝贺！ [巧学活用3]——句型转换/补全句子 1．My bike needs cleaning. →My bike needs to be cleaned． 2．These young trees require to be watered. →These young trees require watering． 3．They went on to do some exercises(做练习) after reading the text. 4．We went on doing our homework(做我们的作业) after he left. 课时测评6　Section Ⅳ　Using language (时间：45分钟　满分：77分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．These sepals open on warm days to give(give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 2．The thief ran away quickly to avoid being caught (catch) by the policeman. 3．Would you mind turning(turn) down your radio a little，please? 4．Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level，the national parks，in particular，tend to catch our attention because of their large size and variety.(2024·全国甲卷) 5．My sister is considering changing(change) her job at present. 6．The old man expects to get(get) a chance to attend the ceremony. 7．I'm really very sorry，but I didn't mean to harm (harm) you. 8．You'd better set aside some time to practice speaking(speak) English. 9．I really appreciated being given(give) such a good chance. 10．...adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) 维度二　语法与写作(每小题3分，共15分) 1．这位领导人承诺尽快解决这个问题。 The leader promised to settle the problem as soon as possible． 2．讨论过后，他们决定推迟公布这个结果。 After a discussion，they decided to delay announcing the result． 3．我后悔昨晚看了那部电影，因为非常乏味。 I regretted seeing the film last night，for it was so boring. 4．他主动提出开车送我回家，但我没有接受。 He offered to drive me home，but I didn't accept. 5．和父母谈过之后，她选择去美国深造。 After a talk with her parents，she chose to go to the US for further education． 维度三　语法与语篇(每小题2分，共12分) 阅读下面新情景，用所给动词的正确形式完成语段。 One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 1.being(be) late for school. When the bus finally came, I hurried on board. After the bus started, a boy riding a bike shouted to the driver, but he refused 2.to stop(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still the boy kept 3.riding(ride) and managed 4.to catch(catch) up with it at the next stop. The moment the bus stopped, the boy ran up to the door of the bus and asked, “Did anyone lose a suitcase？”“Oh, I forgot 5.to take(take) it at the bus stop.” a woman shouted. Everyone on the bus began 6.talking(talk) about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers suddenly became friendly to one another. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2024·广东省部分学校高三联考) “Fifty years ago, astronauts travelled to space in government-funded rockets designed, built and maintained by NASA.But today, the ‘astronauts’ are very often billionaires having a journey into low orbit on a rocket that they paid for themselves.This change feels like a giant leap, but it makes sense，” says Laura Seward Forczyk, founder of Astralytical, a space consulting company.She believes more and more of modern civilization relies on space. Huge numbers of satellites orbit the planet, connecting us to everything from mobile phones to GPS, and there is a large sum of money in maintaining those systems.Forczyk thinks this doesn't get a lot of headlines typically, but there are profitable reasons why private companies want to go into space. The private commercial companies learn more about putting rockets and satellites into space to help NASA with the missions while NASA increases its management and guidance of them.That's important because NASA itself has become financially limited.From its 1966 peak, when spending on the space race took up more than four percent of the US government's budget, that spending is now less than half percent of the country's total budget. “NASA is using commercial companies to build a lot of hardware to perform those services of taking scientific payloads (载量) to the surface of the moon，” says Forczyk.“The hope is that people will follow—possibly by 2025, but more realistically by 2030.If you're wondering why we're going back to the moon—after all, mankind has already walked on its surface—the answer is that we explored only part of it.” “We know a lot more, but we also know so very little，” adds Forczyk.She wants to go back with people to learn more.But more importantly, she hopes and believes people can go to live and work there one day. The universe is so big that we can't stop exploring it.Some even see the moon as an eventual staging area for human exploration of deep space.Mars is regarded as the next stepping-off point towards the final frontier, though whether we'll get there in our lifetime is another question. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了NASA的宇航员的一些变化和对宇宙未来的探索。 1．What is the change of the American space travel today? A．It needs billions of government funds. B．All astronauts should pay for it themselves. C．It requires astronauts to carry mobile phones. D．The rich can experience it at their own expense. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“the ‘astronauts’ are very often billionaires...on a rocket that they paid for themselves.”可知，富人可以自费体验太空旅行。 2．What is the relationship between NASA and the private commercial companies? A．Competitive. B．Interdependent. C．Unrelated. D．Mistrustful. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“The private commercial companies...help NASA with the missions while NASA increases its management and guidance of them.”由此可知，NASA和私营商业公司是相互依赖的关系。 3．What is Forczyk's attitude to the moon exploration? A．Confident. B．Curious. C．Negative. D．Worried. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“ she hopes and believes people can go to live and work there one day.”可知，Forczyk希望并相信有一天人们能去月球生活和工作。由此推断，她对月球探索抱有信心。 4．What does the last paragraph want to convey? A．There is no limit to space exploration. B．The moon is the final exploration area. C．Humans will cease exploring deep space. D．It is absolutely impossible to get to Mars. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“The universe is so big that we can't stop exploring it.”可知，宇宙如此之大，我们无法停止对它的探索。由此可知，太空探索是无止境的。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2024·福建省永安市高二上期中) After a long time of struggling with lung cancer, my father passed away, due to which, my life 1 a lot after my father's death. As the eldest son in my family, I took the responsibility of raising the family. In order to 2 my sick mother and two younger brothers, I couldn't help but 3 school and work to support my family. It seemed to me that life was always hard at that time. However, a thread of hope flashed in those 4 days. It was a rainy dusk when I exposed myself to the rain and walked in the street. Suddenly the rain stopped! 5 ， I looked up, only to find that “the sky” was in fact a dark blue umbrella. Then came a deep voice. “Why not run 6 an umbrella？” A middle-aged man with one leg on crutch (腋杖) said to me, “run” in the rain, and you will get less wet. I shook my head with politeness, but his words shocked me deeply. Without my father's 7 ， could I only be a slave to the fate (命运)? While walking together in the rain, I knew he was a promoter from the city. Having received an order from his company, he had to spend 8 time on it. Looking at this guy, I had no sympathy but 9 . I took the umbrella from his hand and walked with him all the way. He told me he once had dreamed of being a policeman, but an accident 10 his dream. His present work was demanding and was not his cup of tea. However, every travelling was a wonderful start to him. To his happiness, he never 11 heart and still “ran” on the road of life... 12 by what the man remarked, I headed for a southern city and became an insurance representative. After two years' running, I got 13 and the life condition in my family 14 better gradually. Everything is so simple: to run without an umbrella! Only when you 15 the rainy season of your life will there be bright sky ahead of you. Never give up! 语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者通过自己的亲身经历，说明只有当你走出人生的雨季，你的前面才会有明亮的天空，永远不要放弃。 1．A.affected　　　　　 B．suffered C．damaged D．managed 答案：B 解析：根据下文“It seemed to me that life was always hard at that time.”可知，作者的父亲死后，作者的生活遭受了很多。故选B。 2．A.take care B．attend to C．watch out D．bring up 答案：B 解析：根据下文“my sick mother”可知，作者是照顾生病的母亲，故选B。 3．A.desert B．stop C．quit D．dismiss 答案：C 解析：根据下文“and work to support my family”可知，作者不得不辍学，quit school意为“辍学”。故选C。 4．A.bright B．white C．colorful D．dark 答案：D 解析：根据上文“It seemed to me that life was always hard at that time.”可知，这里意思是“然而，一线希望在那些黑暗的日子里闪过”。故选D。 5．A.Interested B．Confused C．Excited D．Disappointed 答案：B 解析：根据上文“Suddenly the rain stopped！”可知，作者很困惑。故选B。 6．A.with B．without C．for D．to 答案：B 解析：根据最后一段的“run without an umbrella”可知，句子表示“为什么不带伞跑步呢”，空格处意为“没有”，故选B。 7．A.praise B．comfort C．protection D．attention 答案：C 解析：根据第一段的“after my father's death”可知，句子表示“没有父亲的保护，难道我只是命运的奴隶吗”，故选C。 8．A.much B．no C．little D．some 答案：A 解析：根据上文“Having received an order from his company”可知，这里意思是“他不得不花大量的时间在这上面”。故选A。 9．A.admiration B．envy C．appreciation D．care 答案：A 解析：根据下文“I took the umbrella from his hand and walked with him all the way.”可知，作者对这个人只有敬佩，没有同情，故选A。 10．A.defeated B．damaged C．ruined D．wiped 答案：C 解析：根据上文“he once had dreamed of being a policeman, but an accident”可知，事故毁了他的梦想，故选C。 11．A.lost B．took C．changed D．gathered 答案：A 解析：根据下文“and still ‘ran’ on the road of life...”可知，他从没有失去信心，lose heart意为“失去信心”。故选A。 12．A.Amused B．Terrified C．Encouraged D．Shocked 答案：C 解析：根据“I headed for a southern city and became an insurance representative”可知，作者受到这个男子言辞的鼓励。故选C。 13．A.my way B．my start C．my end D．my future 答案：B 解析：根据下文“the life condition in my family better gradually”可知，作者有了一个好的开始，故选B。 14．A.turned out B．worked out C．carried out D．turned into 答案：A 解析：根据下文“better gradually”可知，作者家庭条件逐渐变好，空格处意为“结果是”，故选A。 15．A.run into B．run across C．run away with D．run out of 答案：D 解析：根据下文“there be bright sky ahead of you”可知，句子表示“只有跑出了人生的雨季，前方才会有灿烂的天空”，故选D。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024·湖北武汉市华师大学附中高二上期中) Qian Xuesen is a great scientist, a man of distinction. He, 1. (bear) in Shanghai, was admitted to the aeronautics department of the MIT in 1934. After graduating with his PhD, he was employed as 2. assistant researcher at Caltech. Qian's missile designs laid the foundation for the successful building of missiles in the US in the 1940s and 1950s, 3. (make) him a world-renowned rocketeer. When he learnt of the 4. (thrill) news of the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, Qian resolutely gave up his privileged conditions in the US and decided to return to his longed-for homeland to contribute as much as he could 5. his own nation. Upon returning to China, Qian Xuesen was actively involved in research work. Under his 6. (participate) and guidance, China successfully launched its first rocket in 1960，7. in 1964, it was a great success to run the flight test of China's first self-designed medium-range rocket. In 1965, Qian's proposal 8. (develop) an artificial satellite was included in the country's key projects, after 9. the first artificial satellite was finally launched into space in 1970. In 1999, Qian Xuesen 10. (award) the “Two Bombs and One Satellite” Meritorious Medal by the government of PRC, and was hailed as the “Father of China's Missiles” for his significant contributions to China's space industry. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了著名科学家钱学森的生平事迹。 1．答案：born 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句已有谓语was admitted to，空处需使用非谓语，主语He和bear之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此需使用过去分词。故填born。 2．答案：an 解析：考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处表示泛指“一位”助理研究员，应使用不定冠词进行修饰，assistant发音为元音因素开头的单词，故填an。 3．答案：making 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句已有谓语laid，空处需使用非谓语形式，主语Qian's missile designs与make之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用现在分词在句中作状语。故填making。 4．答案：thrilling 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处需使用形容词在句中作定语修饰名词news。故填thrilling。 5．答案：to 解析：考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语contribute to，意为“有助于；为……做贡献”。故填to。 6．答案：participation 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，形容词性物主代词his后接名词进行修饰，故填participation。 7．答案：and 解析：考查连词。分析句子结构可知，“1960年发射的第一枚”与“1964年发射的中程火箭”是并列关系，因此需使用表示并列关系的连词。故填and。 8．答案：to develop 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应使用不定式在句中作定语修饰名词Qian's proposal。故填to develop。 9．答案：which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，此处表示“在钱学森提出的研制人造卫星的建议被列入国家重点工程之后”，因此应使用关系代词在句中指代前半句的内容。故填which。 10．答案：was awarded 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，主语为第三人称单数形式，和award之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，根据时间状语In 1999可知，该句应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was awarded。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $