Unit 1 Section Ⅳ Using language-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（外研版）

Section Ⅳ　Using language 非限制性定语从句 语法串烧 我的发现 　　I have a good friend，who①is really thin. Yet he wants to become a great athlete. Every week he goes to the gym, where⑤ he exercises and lifts weights. But it has not worked, which② makes him unhappy. Now he is considering taking some pills，which① he thinks will help him become stronger. If my friend took this kind of pill for some time, his hair might fall out or he might have health problems，some of which③might even affect his liver or heart. Some athletes，whose④ achievements were great, died very young because they took this kind of pill. I will tell my friend not to take the pills because he may have health problems in the future，when⑤ it is too late. 非限制性定语从句是对主句中的先行词起补充说明作用的定语从句。其标志是主句和从句之间用逗号隔开。 ①中关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语；②中which引导非限制性定语从句，代指整个句子；③为“不定代词＋of＋which”引导非限制性定语从句；④中whose引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作定语；⑤中关系副词引导定语从句，在从句中作状语。 与限制性定语从句相比较，非限制性定语从句是指与主句关系不十分密切，只对主句中的先行词或整个主句起补充说明作用的定语从句。其标志是主句和从句之间用逗号隔开。 1．限制性/非限制性定语从句的区别 区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式上 不用逗号与主句隔开 Do you still remember the man who taught us English？你还记得教我们英语的那个人吗？ 用逗号与主句隔开 I've been to London, which is a beautiful city.我去过伦敦，那是一个美丽的城市。 意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删去，句子意思将不完整 This is the book(which/that)he lost yesterday.这就是他昨天丢的那本书。 只是对先行词的补充说明，如删去，句子意思仍然完整、明确 The book, which he lost yesterday, has been found.他昨天丢的那本书已经找到了。 译法上 通常译成先行词的定语 He is the man who lives next to me. 他就是住在我隔壁的那个人。 通常译成与主句并列的分句 He is a generous man, who lives next to me. 他是一个慷慨的人，住在我隔壁。 关系词 的使用上 1.在从句中作宾语时可省略 2．可用that 1.不可省略 2．不可用that 2．引导非限制性定语从句的关系词 (1)引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词指人时用who，whom或whose；指物时用which或whose。 This is our headmaster，who I think has something important to tell you. 这是我们的校长，我认为他有重要的事情要告诉你。 My elder sister has a beautiful car，which I want to have. 我大姐有一辆漂亮的车，我也想有一辆。 学生用书第21页 (2)引导非限制性定语从句的关系副词有when和where。当先行词指时间时，关系副词用when；指地点时用where。 He left his hometown in 1992，when he was only 12 years old. 他于1992年离开家乡，当时他只有12岁。 Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland，where he was buried in 1977. 卓别林在瑞士度过了他的晚年，1977年他被安葬在那里。 [巧学活用1]——用非限制性定语从句合并句子 1．I walk into the waiting area.Many people are sitting quietly there. I walk into the waiting area，where many people are sitting quietly. 2．They gave us many books.There was much information we needed in them. They gave us many books，where there was much information we needed. 3．The dress on the wall is a gift for me.Its color is bright. The dress on the wall，whose color is bright，is a gift for me. 4．One may be at a loss when facing a sudden danger.That is quite natural. One may be at a loss when facing a sudden danger，which is quite natural. 3．as和which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别 (1)as在非限制性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，修饰整个句子。as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之后，主句之前，或放在主句之中，意为“像……一样，正如，正像”。 As we all know，he studies very hard.(as作宾语) 我们都知道他学习很用功。 As is known to all，he is the tallest student in our class.(as作主语) 众所周知，他是我们班最高的学生。 (2)which引导的非限制性定语从句既可指代某个词或词组，也可指代整个主句的内容，但是不能放于句首。 I want to buy the house，which has a garden.(which指代the house) 我想买这座房子，它带有一个花园。 He was late for the meeting，which made the chairman very angry.(which指代整个主句的内容) 他开会迟到了，主席为此非常生气。 [巧学活用2]——补全句子 1．He has made great progress in his work，which made his parents very proud(这让他父母很骄傲). 2．As we all know(众所周知)，smoking is bad for your health. 课时测评3　Section Ⅳ　Using language (时间：45分钟　满分：79分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London，says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy(租期) comes to an end.(2023·全国甲卷) 2．Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska，which became a national monument in 1978，took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.(2024·全国甲卷) 3．Chinese cultural elements commemorating(纪念)Tang Xianzu，who is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia”，add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon，William Shakespeare's hometown.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) 4．The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design，to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that/which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 5．We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better. 6．The number of smokers，as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 7．Many young people，most of whom were well-educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. 8．Many lessons are now available online, from which students can choose for free. 9．But Sarah，who has taken part in shows along with top models，wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. 10．We will have a picnic in the park tomorrow，when the weather may be better. 维度二　语法与写作(每小题3分，共15分) 1．她正在擦窗子，一些窗子很脏。 She is cleaning the windows，some of which are very dirty． 2．李阳一直乐于助人，他是我们的班长。 Li Yang，who is our monitor，is always ready to help others. 3．下午我们去了西湖，那里有很多游客。 In the afternoon，we went to the West Lake，where there were a lot of visitors． 4．这个乐队在20世纪70年代非常成功，它的大部分成员都很年轻。 The band was very successful in the 1970s，most of whose members were very young． 5．男孩打碎了那个贵重的花瓶，这使得他妈妈非常生气。 The boy broke the valuable vase, which made his mother very angry． 维度三　语法与语篇(每小题2分，共14分) 阅读下面新情景，用适当的关系词完成下列语段 Mary, 1.whose drawings were shown at the exhibition last month，is a model student，2.who is often praised for her good work at school. As soon as we got into the exhibition hall, our eyes were caught by a very large picture，3.which was hung on the wall in front of us. The horse 4.which/that was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse. The man 5.who was riding on it looked like a living man. It was the best picture 6.that I had ever seen，and I should say Mary is the best young painter that I have ever heard of. However, you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter. One of her teachers told me that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing until she became the best young painter 7.that has ever been heard of in her hometown. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2024·江苏省常州市高二上期中) It is common to see most livestreamers sitting in front of a desk in a well-decorated room. But Zeng Qinghuan, a 30-year-old from Xinhua County in Loudi, Hunan, has turned her whole village into a livestreaming set. Her goal is to use e-commerce to help her people live a better life. Known as “Xiangmei Xinbao” on Douyin, Zeng now has more than 3 million followers. One of her videos about traditional ways of planting and harvesting rice has attracted more than 300，000 followers. Zeng used to study fashion design and has worked in some big cities before. In 2019 she returned to her village to care for her sick grandmother. She then found that she could build a career there—by being a livestreamer with the help of her cousin. At the beginning, she didn't make any money. Zeng's parents didn't give her any support until she could stand on her own feet and help people sell their products. She has now sold local agricultural products worth tens of millions of yuan, like fermented tofu, preserved pork and dried sweet potatoes. “I'm a daughter of the great mountains. I can also be a contributor to rural development in this new times，” she said. Rural revitalization (振兴) is a key part of China's 14th Five-Year Plan(2021－2025), Zeng hopes her experience can encourage more young people to return to their rural hometowns and start their own businesses. In 2021, after she became a deputy (代表) of the Loudi Municipal People's Congress, she put forward a proposal to ensure that “each village has one product and one livestreaming host of its own”. She plans to help cultivate 100 social media influencers from her county within three years, and two villages have taken part in the project. “I believe that the rural areas will become a big stage, and being a farmer will be seen as a respectable job too，” said Zeng. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了来自湖南娄底的曾庆欢利用直播技术带领当地人民过上幸福生活的事迹。 1．What does Zeng mainly introduce on Douyin? A．Fashion trends in her village. B．The education in her hometown. C．Traditional customs of her village. D．Agricultural products of her hometown. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，曾庆欢在抖音上主要介绍她家乡的农产品。故选D项。 2．What do we know about Zeng's livestreaming career? A．It was encouraged by her sick grandmother. B．It inspired more local villagers to follow. C．It brought her a fortune as soon as it was started. D．It was a great success with the help of her parents. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“In 2021, after she became a deputy(代表) of...taken part in the project.”可知，已经有村庄参与了曾庆欢提出的项目，她的直播事业激励了更多的当地村民仿效。故选B项。 3．What is Zeng going to do from the last paragraph? A．Invite more young people to her hometown. B．Expand her business to make more money. C．Train more social media influencers in her county. D．Produce more agricultural products to help the farmers. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“In 2021, after she became a deputy(代表) of...taken part in the project.”可知，曾庆欢打算在她的县培训更多的社交媒体影响者。故选C项。 4．Which of the following best describes Zeng? A．Responsible and modest. B．Gifted and faithful. C．Caring and fashionable. D．Down-to-earth and ambitious. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容和第三段前两句以及最后一段最后一句可知，曾庆欢可以放弃大城市的工作回到村子照顾家人，她是脚踏实地的，她的目标是利用电子商务帮助村民过上更好的生活，并相信农村将成为一个大舞台，她是一个有抱负的人。故选D项。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 As a teenager, I found myself lost in a sea of doubt.I was 1 who I truly was and where I belonged.My days were consumed with endless comparisons and a constant 2 for approval(认可) from others.It seemed as if I were wandering through life without a 3 ， each step leading me further away from my 4 self. One fateful summer, I came across an opportunity to 5 in a volunteering program in a remote village. 6 ， I was hesitant, fearing the challenges and the 7 it might bring.But deep down, there was a spark of 8 and a desire for something more meaningful. With a heavy heart and a backpack filled with hope, I set about my 9 ．The first few days were tough, adjusting to the simple lifestyle and overcoming language 10 ．However, as the days turned into weeks, I began to 11 a transformation within myself. 12 with the locals, I was affected by their smiles.I started to realize that happiness didn't 13 material gains, but the fulfillment that came from giving back and connecting with others on a deeper level.Finally, I returned home with a newfound confidence and a clearer 14 of who I wanted to be.Since then, I've faced numerous challenges and obstacles, but each one has only 15 my resolve.I've learned that growth is not a destination but a continuous process, filled with ups and downs, but always moving forward. 1．A.proud of　　　　　　 B．unsure of C．careful of D．afraid of 2．A.exchange B．advertisement C．search D．reason 3．A.function B．compass C．proposal D．root 4．A.true B．imaginary C．tricky D．elegant 5．A.arrive B．bring C．settle D．engage 6．A.Initially B．Obviously C．Naturally D．Similarly 7．A.unhealthiness B．independence C．uncertainties D．explorations 8．A.entertainment B．delight C．responsibility D．curiosity 9．A.experiment B．journey C．procedure D．contest 10．A.communication B．practice C．crisis D．barrier 11．A.attempt B．experience C．ignore D．associate 12．A.Competing B．Negotiating C．Agreeing D．Interacting 13．A.lie in B．bring about C．result in D．provide with 14．A.adjustment B．guideline C．picture D．attitude 15．A.strengthened B．developed C．reserved D．effected 语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者个人成长的历程。 1．B　根据上文“I found myself lost in a sea of doubt”可知，作者迷失在怀疑的海洋中。可见，她很迷茫，不确定自己到底是谁，属于哪里。 2．C　根据上文“I was 1 who I truly was and where I belonged.”可知，作者对自己的生活充满怀疑，所以一直在不断寻求他人的认可。 3．B　根据上文“I found myself lost in a sea of doubt”可知，作者迷失在怀疑的海洋中，没有方向。“compass”有“指南针”之意，在这里引申为“方向”。 4．A　根据上文“I was 1 who I truly was and where I belonged.”可知， 作者在自我怀疑中，更加远离了真正的自我。 5．D　根据下文“a volunteering program”可知，作者应是参加志愿服务项目。 6．A　根据下文“But deep down, there was a spark of 8 and a desire for something more meaningful.”可知，作者内心深处对志愿服务项目充满好奇，产生渴望。可见，最初作者在要不要参加这个志愿服务项目时，内心深处做了番挣扎。 7．C　根据上文“Fearing the challenges and”可知，作者害怕的内容应与challenges相近，结合选项推知，此处应是说害怕志愿服务项目带来的挑战和不确定性。 8．D　根据上文“spark”及下文“a desire for something more meaningful”可知， 作者心中有一丝丝火花，且对更有意义的事情产生渴望。可见，作者内心深处对该项目有一丝好奇。 9．B　根据上文“With a heavy heart and a backpack filled with hope”可知，作者怀着沉重的心情和充满希望的背包启程了，即踏上志愿服务项目的旅程。 10．D　根据上文“The first few days were though, adjusting to the simple lifestyle”可知，前面几天很困难，要适应简单的生活方式、克服语言障碍。 11．B　根据上文“The first few days were tough, adjusting to the simple lifestyle and overcoming language”及“as the days turned into weeks”可知，随着时间的推移， 作者开始经历自身的转变。 12．D　根据语境可知，此处应是指在与当地人的互动中， 作者被他们的微笑所打动。 13．A　根据下文“but the fulfillment that came from giving back and connecting with others on a deeper level”可知，作者对人生有了新的体会，开始意识到幸福不在于物质的收获，而在于从更深层次的回馈和与他人联系所带来的满足感中获得。 14．C　根据上文“I returned home with a newfound confidence”可知，作者带着重新找回的自信回到家。由此推知，作者对自己想成为什么样的人应是有了更清晰的认识。 15．A　根据上文作者对自己的怀疑到后来的成长可知，此处应是指挑战增强了作者的决心。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024·江苏省泰州市高二上期中) Acupuncture (针灸)is a traditional Chinese medical practice of treating 1. (variety) physical and mental conditions. It gained respect and interest in the United States after New York Times journalist James Reston 2. (visit) China with President Nixon and needed an operation. Chinese doctors used acupuncture on Reston after surgery 3. (reduce) his pain, and his recovery was swift. Curious about this, Reston was allowed to watch surgery on patients 4. received acupuncture for anesthesia (麻醉). Patients talked with their doctors during the operation and then walked back to their rooms 5. their own. The effectiveness of acupuncture left Reston such a deep 6. (impress) that he wrote a front-page article in the New York Times about his operation upon returning to the United States. “A leading medical specialist 7. (send) by Premier Chou Enlai removed my appendix (阑尾).I was conscious in 8. whole process. ” The National Institutes of Health(NIH) began to sponsor some of their top 9. (physician) to visit China to investigate acupuncture and its possible functions in western medicine. With years going by, acupuncture has earned 10. (it) a great reputation across the world with magical effect. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了《纽约时报》记者詹姆斯·莱斯顿(James Reston)与尼克松总统一起访问中国，当时他需要进行手术。中国医生用针灸来减轻他的疼痛，他恢复得很快。针灸给他留下了深刻的印象。它在美国获得了尊重和引起了人们的兴趣。随着时间的推移，针灸以其神奇的效果在世界上赢得了声誉。 1．答案：various 解析：考查词性转换。various 为形容词，修饰名词 conditions。故填various。 2．答案：visited 解析：考查动词的时态。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时。故填visited。 3．答案：to reduce 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，本句为动词不定式作目的状语。故填to reduce。 4．答案：who / that 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，patients为先行词，空处在定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为who或者that，故填who / that。 5．答案：on 解析：考查介词。on one's own “独自地”为固定短语，符合句意。故填on。 6．答案：impression 解析：考查词性转换。deep为形容词修饰名词impression。故填impression。 7．答案：sent 解析：考查非谓语动词。specialist与send之间在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填sent。 8．答案：the 解析：考查冠词。in the whole process“在整个过程之中”特指在整个过程之中。故填the。 9．答案：physicians 解析：考查名词的单复数。physician为可数名词，根据句意“一些顶尖的医生”，所以空处填复数 physicians。故填physicians。 10．答案：itself 解析：考查代词。主语与宾语为同一个人或者事物时，宾语用反身代词，再根据句意“随着岁月的流逝，针灸以其神奇的效果，在世界范围内赢得了巨大的声誉”。故填itself。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $