Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Using language-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（外研版）

Section Ⅲ　Using language & Developing ideas Step One: Pre-reading What do you think of these sentences? They are humorous. Step Two: While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What's the passage mainly about? A．Mark Twain.　　　　　 B．Wang Zengqi. C．Medieval writings. D．Humour. 答案：D 学生用书第12页 Ⅱ.Read for the structure Fill in the following blanks with proper words according to the passage. Introduction Humour is an 1.essential part of human behaviour, and ancient 2.authors understood it. Famous persons Mark Twain，whose 3.writing style is funny and often mischievous，is remembered for his ability 4.to combine humour with more serious messages. Wang Zengqi, who believed that humor not only shows one's 5.personality, but also reflects a person's attitude towards life, was famous for his unique 6.brand of humour． Conclusion Humour is a way of life and a tool that can be used to 7.illuminate the world. Ⅲ.Read for details 1．Why is Mark Twain so special? A．Because his style of writing is funny. B．Because his writings are mischievous. C．Because he is able to mix humour with more serious messages. D．Because he can't be recognized in public. 2．What message does Wang Zengqi want to convey in his essay “On Humour”？ A．The world is full of wonders. B．One should keep optimistic. C．Laughter is the only medicine. D．Long-time sitting is harmful. 3．How does the author develop paragraph 4? A．By making comparisons. B．By listing numbers. C．By explaining causes. D．By giving examples. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Humour is very important in our daily life. B．Wang Zengqi thought poorly of humour. C．Mark Twain thought highly of humour. D．Humour can make our life and work harder. 答案：1－4：CBDA Step Three: Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 When Twain replied that he didn't，the barber told him 时间状语从句 that if he wanted to go to the event he would have 条件状语从句 to stand, as there were no seats left in the theatre． 原因状语从句 尝试翻译　当马克·吐温说没有，理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着了，因为剧院里已经没有座位了。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　Closer to modern times, someone who is remembered for his ability to combine humour with more serious messages is American writer, Mark Twain. (人物介绍开头部分) 到了近现代，美国作家马克·吐温因擅长用幽默的方式表达严肃的内容而著称。 学后仿写　提到丝绸之路，我首先想到的是最有影响力的丝绸之路探险家之一的张骞。 When it comes to the Silk Road，Zhang Qian，one of the most influential explorers of the Silk Road，will come to my mind． 2．教材佳句　Wang didn't show any displeasure but only gave a gentle response.(情绪＋动作描写) 汪并没有表现出任何不悦，只是给出了一个温和的回答。 学后仿写　迈克吓呆了，害怕得一动不动。 Mike froze with terror，too scared to move an inch． Ⅲ.品质升华 What other functions of humor can you think of ？(Creative Thinking 创造性思维) Break tension: Humor can break the ice in uncomfortable situations，fostering a more relaxed atmosphere.Enhance influence: Humor can be used to captivate audiences，and grab their attention. 学生用书第13页 ………………………………………………………………………………………◎ ①behaviour n．行为，举止 human behaviour人类行为 ②medieval/ˌmediˈiːv(ə)l/ adj.中世纪的，中古时期的 ③be filled with...＝be full of...充满…… ④throw light on使(问题等)较容易理解 ⑤emotive/IˈməʊtIv/ adj.使情绪激动的 emotion n．情感，情绪 emotionless adj.没有感情的，冷漠的 ⑥issue n．问题；(杂志或报刊的)期 v．公布；出版 ⑦be remembered for...因为……而被铭记 ⑧combine...with...把……与……结合起来 ⑨mischievous/ˈmIstʃIvəs/ adj.调皮的，淘气的 ⑩classic adj.经典的 n．经典作品 classical adj.古典的 ⑪cross out划掉，删掉(错字) ⑫remark/rIˈmɑːk/ n．言论；意见，评论 make remarks about sth＝remark on sth就某事发表评论 ⑬interaction/ˌIntərˈækʃ(ə)n/ n．交流 interact/ˌIntərˈækt/ v．交流，沟通，合作；相互影响，相互作用 interact with sb/sth与某人沟通；与某物相互作用 ⑭barber/ˈbɑːbə/ n．男理发师 a barber's shop 理发店 ⑮shave/ʃeIv/ n．刮脸，刮胡子 have/get a shave刮脸 ⑯recognise v．认出；承认；(正式)认可 recognise...as...承认/认可……是…… ⑰event n．(尤指)重要事情，大事；社交场合，公开活动 ⑱response n．(口头的或书面的)回答，答复；反应，响应 respond v．回答；作出反应 make a response to ＝respond to对……作出反应/回复 ⑲just one's luck(对自己的遭遇并不惊讶)常不走运，就这运气 ⑳fellow/ˈfeləʊ/ n．男人，家伙 ㉑lecture熟词生义v.(尤指在大学里)开讲座，讲授，讲课 ㉒brand/brænd/n. 品牌， 牌子 one's unique brand of humour某人独具一格的幽默 ㉓essay/'eseɪ/n.短文，论说文 ㉔character　熟词生义n.文字，符号 ㉕conclude/kən'kluːd/v.结束；此处意为“作出……结论，推断出” ㉖amusing adj.有趣的，逗人发笑的 amuse v．逗笑，逗乐 amused adj.被逗乐的，觉得好笑的 amusement n．好笑，愉悦 ㉗laugh out loud 开怀大笑，笑出声来 ㉘by oneself 独自，单独 ㉙personality n．性格，个性 personally adv.就个人而言，本人，亲自 personal adj.个人的，私人的 ㉚reflect vt.反映，反射 ㉛attitude towards life对人生的态度 “对……的态度”介词可以用towards，也可以用to ㉜flatter vt.奉承，讨好 flattery n．奉承，讨好 ㉝be famous for...因……而出名 be famous as...作为……而出名 ㉞displeasure n．烦恼，生气，不悦 dis-否定前缀，不，非，相反，如，dishonest，disadvantage, disappear ㉟gentle adj.温柔的，温和的 gently adv.副词变化为去e，加y。 ㊱much more famous than 比……更有名 much修饰比较级，而不是构成比较级 ㊲on another occasion另一次 on one occasion 有一次 ㊳give a speech发表演讲 同一表达还有：deliver a speech, make a speech ㊴be scheduled to do被安排做某事 schedule vt.安排，为……安排时间 schedule n．工作计划 ahead of schedule提前 ㊵illuminate v. /ɪ'luːmɪneɪt/照亮，照明 illumination n．照明，光源；启示，阐明 ㊶pour v．倾倒，倒出 pour...into...向……投入…… ㊷smooth sailing一帆风顺 ㊸complicated adj./'kɒmplɪkeɪtɪd/复杂的，难处理的，难懂的 ㊹maintain our enthusiasm for 保持对……的热情 ㊺in the words of...用……的话说 ◎……………………………………………………………………………………… The Importance of Humour 1Humour has been an essential part of human behaviour① for thousands of years.There is comedy in the texts of Ancient Greece，and medieval②writings are filled with③ jokes.While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then，their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on④ sensitive or emotive⑤issues⑥.[1] [1]While引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”；在该状语从句中又包含一个as引导的比较状语从句；that humour...issues为that引导的宾语从句，其中not only...but also...连接并列谓语。 2Closer to modern times，someone who is remembered for⑦ his ability to combine humour with⑧ more serious messages is American writer Mark Twain.Twain's particular style of writing is funny and often mischievous⑨.For example，in his classic⑩ novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer，he famously says，“Writing is easy.All you have to do is cross out⑪ the wrong words.”[2]But he is equally well known for his witty remarks⑫in his everyday interactions⑬ with people.For instance，while on a lecture tour of the United States，[3]Twain went into a barber's⑭ shop to get a haircut and a shave⑮.The barber，not recognising⑯ him，[4]asked if he had a ticket to the lecture.When Twain replied that he didn't，the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event⑰ he would have to stand，as there were no seats left in the theatre.[5]Twain's response⑱ was，“That's just my luck⑲.I always have to stand when that fellow⑳lectures㉑！” 学生用书第14页 [2]该句中不定代词All作主语；“you have to do”是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词All。由于修饰主语的定语从句中含有实义动词do，所以作表语的动词不定式to cross out可省略不定式符号to。 [3]此处是“连词＋介词短语”结构，可看作是时间状语从句while he was on a lecture tour of the United States的省略形式。while在此意为“在……期间”。 [4]动词-ing形式短语not recognising him作后置定语，修饰The barber。 [5]本句结构分析如下：主句中的that引导的宾语从句，作动词told的直接宾语；When引导时间状语从句；if引导条件状语从句；as引导原因状语从句。 3Like Twain, but on the other side of the world, the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand㉒ of humour. [6] In his essay㉓ “On Humour”， Wang used fewer than 600 characters㉔ to introduce several humorous examples of famous people, concluding㉕ that, “The world is full of amusing㉖ things. [7] The thought of them would always make you laugh out loud㉗， even when you're just sitting by yourself㉘.” [6]动词不定式短语“to become...humour”作表语，构成“be to do”结构，表示注定要发生的事情。 [7]此处concluding为动词-ing作伴随状语。 4Wang believed that humour not only shows one's personality㉙， but also reflects㉚ a person's attitude towards life㉛. [8] He himself gives the best example to the word “humour”. One day, one of his readers flattered㉜ him by saying, “Gaoyou is famous for㉝， first, the poet Qin Shaoyou, and second, Wang Zengqi.” Wang didn't show any displeasure㉞ but only gave a gentle㉟ response, “No. Gaoyou salted duck eggs are much more famous than㊱ me. [9] I can only stay in the third place.” On another occasion㊲， Wang was invited to give a speech㊳ in the US and was scheduled to speak last㊴. He walked to the podium and began, “Unfortunately, none of today's speakers have last names starting with X, Y, or Z, so I am the last one to speak. [10]Speaking last is difficult because everyone is already very tired.[11] But don't worry. My speech will be as short as a rabbit's tail．”[12] 学生用书第15页 [8]not only...but also...不但……，而且(还)…… [9]salted duck eggs意为“咸鸭蛋”，salted是过去分词作定语，意为用盐腌制的。 [10]starting with X, Y, or Z是动词-ing形式短语作后置定语修饰前面的last names, 意为“以X，Y，or Z开头的姓”；the last one to speak, to speak是不定式作后置定语，意为“最后一个演讲的人”，当被修饰的名词或代词前有序数词或最高级修饰时，后面常常跟不定式作后置定语。 [11]Speaking last是动词-ing形式作主语。 [12]as short as a rabbit's tail意为“和兔子的尾巴一样短”。 5Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn't just about laughter, but is a way of life and a tool that can be used to illuminate㊵the world. Wang once said, “Life may be like a dream, short and uncertain．[11] But I pour㊶ my true feelings into it. The world gave me its love first, so I cannot help but love it back．” [12]Life is never smooth sailing㊷ and sometimes can be complicated㊸ and cruel. But humour can help us maintain our enthusiasm for㊹ life. In fact, some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air. In the words of㊺ Mark Twain, “Humor is mankind's greatest blessing”． [11]short and uncertain 在这里是形容词作状语，用来说明主语life, 人生短暂且充满着不确定性。 [12]cannot help but do此处意为“不得不做．.., 不由得去做．..”。 ………………………………………………………………………………………◎ 幽默的重要性 几千年来，幽默一直是人类行为的重要组成部分。古希腊的文稿中就有喜剧，中世纪的作品中也充满了笑话。虽然这些同样的笑话现在对我们来说可能不像当时那么有趣，但它们的作者知道幽默不仅可以娱乐，还可以为敏感或情感问题提供新的视角。 近现代时期，有一个人能将幽默和更严肃的信息相结合并因此为人们所铭记，这个人就是美国作家马克·吐温。马克·吐温独特的写作风格有趣而诙谐。例如，在他的经典小说《汤姆·索亚历险记》中，他有句名言：“写作很容易。你所要做的就是删去错误的单词。”但他也因日常人际交往中的风趣言辞而闻名。例如，在一次美国巡回演讲时，马克·吐温到一家理发店理发和刮胡子。理发师不认识他，问他有没有讲座的票。当马克·吐温回答说没有时，理发师告诉他，如果他想去参加这个活动，他就得站着，因为剧院里已经没有余座了。马克·吐温回答道：“我总是这样倒霉。当那个家伙开讲座时，我总是站着！” 学生用书第16页 而在世界的另一端，像马克·吐温一样，中国作家汪曾祺很快也因其独特的幽默风格而闻名。在他的随笔《论幽默》中，汪曾祺用不到600字介绍了几位名人的幽默事例，并总结道：“世界上充满了有趣的事情。想到它们，你总是会忍不住笑出声来，即使你只是独自坐着。” 汪曾祺认为，幽默不仅展现了一个人的个性，还反映了一个人对生活的态度。他自己就是最好的“幽默”一词的例证。有一天，他的一个读者恭维他说：“高邮之所以出名，首先是因为诗人秦少游，其次是因为汪曾祺。” 对此，汪曾祺并没有表现出任何不悦，只是温和地回应说：“不。高邮的咸鸭蛋比我更有名。我只能排在第三位。” 另一次，汪曾祺被邀请到美国发表演讲，并安排在最后一位发言。他走到讲台上开始说：“不幸的是，今天所有演讲者的姓没有以X、Y或Z开头的，所以我是最后一个。最后一个发言很难，因为每个人都已经很累了。但别担心。我的演讲会像兔子的尾巴一样短。” 马克·吐温和汪曾祺都明白，幽默不仅仅是为了取笑，它是一种生活方式，也是一种可以用来照亮世界的工具。汪曾祺曾说：“生活可能就像一场梦，短暂而又不确定。但我把我真实的感情倾注其中。世界先给了我它的爱，所以我无法不以爱回报它。”生活从来不是一帆风顺的，有时甚至会复杂而残酷。但幽默可以帮助我们保持对生活的热情。事实上，有些人认为，我们对幽默的需求几乎与我们对水和空气的需求一样。用马克·吐温的话来说，“幽默是人类最大的恩赐”。 ◎核心单词——练通 1．deserve careful consideration　 值得认真考虑 2．achieve fame 获得名声 3．a brand of smartphone 智能手机品牌 4．complicated problems 复杂的问题 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．essential adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的→essentially adv. 本质上，基本上 2．impress v．使钦佩，使留下深刻印象→impression n．印象；感想→impressive adj.给人印象深刻的 3．remark n．言论；意见，评论→remarkable adj.非凡的，显著的，引人注目的 4．interaction n．交流→interact v．互相影响，互相作用 5．cruel adj.残忍的→cruelty n．残酷 6．gently adv. 温和地；轻柔地→gentle adj.温和的 7．conclude v．结束，推断出→conclusion n．结论 8．composer n. 作曲家→compose v．作曲 9．optimistic adj.乐观的→optimism n．乐观，豁达 10．consistent adj.一贯的，一如既往的→consistently adv.一贯，前后一致地 1．规律：形容词＋词缀-ly变相应副词 示例：possible adj. 可能的→possibly adv. 可能，或许 comfortable adj. 舒适的，舒服的→comfortably adv. 舒服地，舒适地 2．规律：动词＋词缀-able变相应形容词 示例：adapt v. 适应→adaptable adj. 有适应能力的 comfort n. 舒适 v. 安慰→comfortable adj. 舒适的，舒服的　　 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．grin with delight　　　　　 高兴得咧着嘴笑 2．witty remarks 妙趣横生的言论 3．medieval architecture 中世纪的建筑 4．a highly emotive issue 极易使情绪激动的问题 5．a mischievous boy 一个淘气的男孩 6．ask the barber for a trim 叫男理发师把头发修剪一下 7．to get a shave 去刮胡子 8．a fine fellow 好小伙 学生用书第17页 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．fall behind　　　　　　　 不能按时完成(工作) 2．make sense 讲得通，有意义 3．put up 搭起；张贴 4．in particular 尤其，特别 5．due to 因为 6．cross out 删掉 7．attitude towards humor 对待幽默的态度 8．can't help but do 不由得做，不得不做…… 9．maintain enthusiasm for life 保持对生活的热情 第二组　英译汉 10．long face 愁眉苦脸 11．laughing stock 笑料，笑柄 12．brand of humour 某种类型的幽默 13．give a speech 发表演讲 14．be scheduled to do 计划安排做 15．on another occasion 另一次 16．laugh out loud 开怀大笑 17．crack a smile 展颜微笑 18．life's ups and downs 人生的起起落落 19．in the lows of life 在人生的低谷 20．be regarded as 被视为 21．acquire international fame 获得国际声誉 22．practical jokes 恶作剧 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．句型公式　省略to的动词不定式作表语 教材原句　All you have to do is cross out the wrong words． 你所要做的就是删去错误的单词。 2．句型公式　形容词作状语 教材原句　Life may be like a dream, short and uncertain． 人生就像一场梦，短暂且充满了不确定性。 Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 essential adj.极其重要的，必不可少的 (教材原句)Which sentences contain a clause with essential information and which with extra information? 哪些句子包含一个极其重要信息的从句，哪些包含额外的信息？ be essential to/for... 对……是必要的 It is essential to do sth 做某事是必要的 It is essential that... ……是至关重要的 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信 ①We should be kind to one another，which is essential to enjoy(enjoy) a harmonious life. ②Exercise and fresh air are essential to our health. ③最要紧的是彼此之间能相互了解。 It's essential that both sides understand each other. impress v．使钦佩，使留下深刻印象 (教材原句)Watson is pleased with his answer which he thinks will impress Holmes. 沃森很满意他的回答，他认为这会给福尔摩斯留下深刻印象。 学生用书第18页 (1)impress sb with sth　　　　　　 使某人对某事印象深刻 be impressed with/by sth 对……印象深刻 impress sth on/upon sb 使某人铭记…… (2)impression n. 印象；感想 make/leave/give a(n)...impression on sb 给某人留下……的印象 (3)impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的 单句语法填空/应用文写作之人物介绍 ①Jane impressed me with her beautiful voice, so I vote for her. ②My first impression(impress) of him was that he was a kind young man. ③直到现在，我仍然对你有趣而又吸引人的英语课堂印象深刻。 Up to now, I have been impressed with/by your interesting and attractive English classes. deserve v．应得，应受到 (教材原句)We all deserve a second chance，I guess. 我认为我们都应再有一次机会。 deserve to do　　 值得做；应该做 deserve to be done＝deserve doing 值得被做 deserve consideration/attention/praise 值得考虑/注意/表扬 单句语法填空/应用文写作之人物介绍 ①It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respecting/to be respected(respect). ②He does deserve to win (win) the respect from anybody because he does a lot for others. ③在我们眼里，她不仅是我们的老师，也是我们最好的朋友。这就是她值得我们尊敬的原因。 In our eyes, she is not only our teacher, but also our best friend.Those are why she deserves our respect． 【温馨提示】　deserve to be done与deserve doing的意义相同，即可用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，类似的动词还有need，want，require等。 remark n．言论；意见，评论 (教材原句)But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people. 但他也因日常人际交往中的风趣言辞而闻名。 (1)make a remark/remarks on/upon/about 就……发表意见 (2)remark v. 谈论，评论 remark on/upon sth 评论/谈论某事 remark that... 谈到/说起/评论…… (3)remarkable adj. 非凡的，显著的，引人注目的 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信 ①Tom left the office，remarking(remark)that he had some important work to do. ②I am cautious about what I say because careless remarks (remark)are likely to hurt others' feelings. ③对别人的相貌评头论足是没有礼貌的。 →It's impolite to make a remark/remarks on/upon/about the appearance of others.(remark n．) →It's impolite to remark on/upon the appearance of others.(remark v．) conclude v．结束，推断出 (教材原句)A punch line concludes a joke and is intended to make people laugh. 一句妙语结束了一个笑话，意在让人们发笑。 (1)conclude v.　 作出结论；推断出 conclude sth from... 从……中推断出…… conclude sth with/by doing sth 以(做)……结束某事 (2)arrive at/reach/come to/draw a conclusion 得出结论 in conclusion 总之；最后 学生用书第19页 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①She concluded her speech with a funny story, which made the audience laugh loudly. ②从这件事我们可以得出这样的结论：我们应该珍惜现在的时刻，充实地过好每一天。(读后续写之总结句) →From the incident we come to/draw/arrive at/reach the conclusion that we should cherish the present moment and live every day to the fullest.(conclusion) →We conclude from the incident that we should cherish the present moment and live every day to the fullest.(conclude) fall behind 不能按时完成(工作) (教材原句)When a bee starts circling around Charlie's face，he falls behind with his work. 当一只蜜蜂围着查理的脸转来转去时，他的工作被耽误了。 fall in love (with sb)　　　　　 爱上(某人)，相爱 fall apart 破碎，破裂；崩溃 fall over 被……绊倒；从……上跌落 fall for 上……的当，受……的骗 单句语法填空/应用文写作之人物介绍 ①I fell behind in my studies because I went through about four years of being addicted to online games. ②I was unlucky to slip on a banana skin and fall over． ③安妮如此迷人以至于吉米第一次见她就爱上了她。 Annie was so attractive that Jimmy fell in love with her the first time he saw her. 熟词生义 ①It's unfair to brand all football fans as troublemakers. v.丑化(某人)，败坏(某人)名声 ②The exhibition contains nothing that is worthy of remark. n.引人注目；显耀 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：形容词(短语)作状语 (教材原句)...life may be like a dream，short and uncertain. ……人生可能就像一场梦，短暂而又不确定。 形容词(短语)作状语： (1)说明谓语动词表示的动作发生时，主语所处的状态。 (2)表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。 完成句子 ①很高兴得知你对中国画感兴趣，我写信真诚地邀请你参观我们学校正在举行的展览。(应用文写作之邀请信) Glad/Delighted to know that you are interested in Chinese paintings，I am writing to sincerely invite you to visit the exhibition being hosted in our school. ②既兴奋又感动，他们泪流满面。(读后续写之兴奋) Excited and moved，they were in tears. ③害怕找不到我们回农场的路，我坐在树旁，胳膊紧紧地抱着肩膀。(读后续写之恐惧) Afraid of not finding our way to the farm，I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly. 课时测评2　Section Ⅲ　Using language & Developing ideas (时间：45分钟　满分：82分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　品句填词(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Such roles are small beer compared with the fame(名誉) she once enjoyed. 2．Many Chinese brands(品牌)，having developed their reputations over centuries，are facing new challenges from the modern market. 3．Trapped in the dilemma, I still felt confused why things turned out to be that complicated(复杂的), not knowing how to tackle the problem. 4．The result gives us all the more reason for optimism(乐观). 5．The teacher asked the students to make a remark(评论) on this page. 6．We asked Jason to write an essay(短文)about his hometown. 7．It is essential(极其重要的) to raise their awareness of lifelong learning. 8．I think she deserves(应得) this honor and we all should learn from her. 9．She never lost her enthusiasm for teaching. 10．His amusing performance caused a roar of laughter. 维度二　词形转换(每小题1分，共7分) 1．The interaction(interact) with the viewers really made the young actor more confident. 2．Long-haired dogs, curly-haired dogs, black dogs and spotted(spot) dogs all jumped up, trying to reach me. 3．It was the most extreme example of cruelty(cruel) to animals I had ever seen. 4．She dipped her finger into the yellow paint and gently(gentle) pressed it onto Gary's painting. 5．Following the successful conclusion(conclude) of the sports meeting is the excitement of collecting prizes. 6．Beethoven was a famous composer (compose) and he composed a lot of great music. 7．I mustn't leave any bad impression(impress) on his or her mood and life. 维度三　固定搭配和句式(每小题3分，共15分) 1．老实说，这个男孩总是因为不恰当的言论而被训斥。(tell off) To be honest，the boy is always told off for improper remarks. 2．由于缺乏训练，他在比赛中落后于其他选手。(fall behind) Due to lack of training，he fell behind other competitors in the competition. 3．我不明白你为什么让那个男孩陷入尴尬境地。(put sb on the spot) I don't understand why you have put that boy on the spot． 4．这个旨在引起人们关注环境保护的活动提升了我们关爱大自然的意识。(the＋名词＋of＋关系代词) The activity，the aim of which is to draw people's attention to environmental protection，raises our awareness of caring about nature. 5．在那时，我既沮丧又失望，不知道如何改变这种糟糕的情况。(形容词短语作状语) At that time，depressed and disappointed，I didn't know how to change the terrible situation. 维度四　教材知识迁移(每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Humour has been an essential part of human 1.behaviour(behave) for thousands of years. Medieval writings are filled with jokes, which might not be as funny to us now as they were then. But their authors 2.understood(understand) that humour could not only entertain, but also throw new light 3.on sensitive or emotive issues. Of all the writers in modern times, the 4.most typical(typical) humorists are Mark Twain and Wang Zengqi. The former is an American writer, 5.who is famous for his particular style of writing—funny and often mischievous, while the latter is well-known for his unique brand of humour. Wang believed 6.that humour not only shows one's personality，but also reflects a person's attitude towards life.Meanwhile, both of them 7.are remembered(remember) for their witty and humorous 8.remarks(remark)in their everyday interactions with people. Humour plays 9.an important part in our life. 10.Sharing(share) jokes and laughing together can bring individuals and even communities together. Some people may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for air and water. In the words of Mark Twain，“Humour is mankind's greatest blessing”． [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2024·福建福州延安中学高二上期中) Cody looked over the sand dunes (沙丘) of North Carolina's Outer Banks, the Atlantic Ocean shining in the distance. The warm ocean wind swept across his face as he held the harness (降落伞背带) of the hang glider(悬挂式滑翔机). He closed his eyes and took a deep breath. “How are you feeling? Ready？” Cody's sister Briana asked him. Cody didn't know how to interact with Briana, who was eight years older than him. But every time Briana visited from college, she followed him to his tennis lessons and took him to climb mountains. But Briana had never taken him to try hang gliding. Cody knew she loved it — she had finally become a certified (持有证书的)instructor last month. So when she offered to take him, Cody jumped at the chance. Now Cody was fixed onto what was just a big kite, standing near the edge of a giant dune. Cody's brain was sounding the alarm. The confidence Cody had felt back at the training facility had all but disappeared. Briana looked over at him knowingly. “Before my first flight, I almost backed out more times than I can count，” she said. “You just have to believe in yourself.” Cody took another deep breath and nodded. “Now start walking toward the edge，” directed Briana. Cody pushed himself forward. “Walk, walk, walk ... now run, run, run, RUN！” Briana coached. Cody ran. He ran right off the edge of the tall dune. He was airborne! What an amazing feeling! Cody gently pushed the bar forward to increase his speed, just as Briana had shown him. Then Cody saw that he was rapidly approaching the ground! He remembered to pull the bar back at the end to slow himself down, but it was too late for a smooth, on-foot landing. Cody landed on his knees, leaving him face down. “Are you okay？” Briana said, pulling Cody upright in his harness. Cody was definitely okay. Smiling from ear to ear, he said, “Let's go again！” He was already looking forward to his future in flight, with his sister by his side. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了姐姐带弟弟科迪尝试滑翔，科迪去了以后感到紧张，最后成功滑翔，对这次经历感到很兴奋。 1．What can we infer about Briana? A．She was too busy to play with Cody. B．She enjoyed being away from home. C．She wanted to be involved in Cody's life. D．She was always ready to take up a new hobby. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“But every time Briana visited from college, she followed him to his tennis lessons and took him to climb mountains.”可知，布里安娜想融入科迪的生活。故选C。 2．How did Cody feel in Paragraph 3? A．Bored.　　　　　 B．Upset. C．Confused. D．Nervous. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Cody's brain was sounding the alarm. The confidence Cody had felt back at the training facility had all but disappeared.”可知，科迪感到紧张。故选D。 3．What do Cody's words in the last paragraph show? A．His hope for another new skill. B．His excitement over the experience. C．His pride in doing better than his sister. D．His regret about failing to land on his feet. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Cody was definitely okay. Smiling from ear to ear, he said, ‘Let's go again！’”可知，最后一段科迪的话说明他对这次经历的兴奋。故选B。 4．What does this story tell us? A．Never underestimate anyone. B．Great speed doesn't necessarily bring success. C．One should spend more time with his family. D．It is worth overcoming fears to try something new. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Cody ran. He ran right off the edge of the tall dune. He was airborne! What an amazing feeling！”并结合文章主要讲述了姐姐带弟弟科迪尝试滑翔，科迪去了以后感到紧张，最后成功滑翔，对这次经历感到很兴奋。可知，这个故事告诉我们克服恐惧去尝试新事物是值得的。故选D。 B (2024·广东省番禺中学高二上期中) A broken heart. A sad ending to a love affair. That's something most of us have experienced, or probably will. After all, it's part of human life. But no question, the experience can be hard to get over. But research shows there are pathways through the heartache. Listening to sad music is a major one. It can help you begin to feel joy and hopefulness about your life again. It can arouse (激发，唤醒) the desire (渴望) to connect with others. Sad music can help heal and uplift you from your broken heart. A recent study from Germany found the emotional influence of listening to sad music is an arousal of feelings of empathy (共情), and a desire for positive connection with others. That, itself, is psychologically healing. It draws you away from concentration on yourself, and possibly towards helping others in need of comfort. Another experiment, from the University of Kent, found that when people were experiencing sadness, listening to music that was “beautiful but sad” improved their mood. In fact, it did so when the person first consciously accepted the situation causing their sadness, and then began listening to the sad music. That is, when they intended that the sad music might help, they found that it did. These findings link with other studies that show accepting your sad situation emotionally leads to healing and growth beyond it. It seems unbelievable but it does make sense. For example, research from Cornell University, published in Psychological Science, found that accepting discomfort about a life experience or new situation, and viewing it as a step towards growth and change, encourages people to find a pathway through it, beyond it. As Churchill famously said, “If you're going through hell, keep going.” That discomfort points you towards creating a plan, a new action. It fuels hope. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了听悲伤音乐能够治愈悲伤的原因。 5．What can we learn from Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4? A．Sad music can make people help others. B．Sad music can make sad people feel better. C．Sad music can make people believe in themselves. D．Sad music can make people concentrate on themselves. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，悲伤音乐能帮助人们重新振奋精神；结合第四段第一句可知，实验发现，在人经历悲伤的时候，听悲伤音乐能改善情绪。综上可知，悲伤音乐可以让人们感觉更好。故选B项。 6．What does Churchill advise us to do when experiencing discomfort? A．Listen to a sad song. B．Avoid unwise actions. C．Find support from others. D．Face the discomfort directly. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据尾段中的最后两句可知，丘吉尔认为，如果遭遇困难的时候，要继续前进，这种不适会让你制定计划，开始新的行动，由此可知，丘吉尔是要我们直面困难。故选D项。 7．How does the author develop this text? A．By listing figures. B．By giving directions. C．By comparing examples. D．By presenting research findings. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容和第三段中的“A recent study from...positive connection with others.”第四段中的“Another experiment...improved their mood. ”以及尾段中的“These findings link...but it does make sense.”可知，全文中分别介绍了几项不同的研究，并对这些研究进行了分析，这些研究都证明了听悲伤音乐有助于改善人们的情绪，由此可知，作者是通过介绍研究结果展开的。故选D项。 8．Which is the best title for the text? A．How to Find Pathways through Heartaches B．How We React to a Broken Heart Matters a Lot C．What We Can Do to Overcome Discomfort in Life D．Why Listening to Sad Music Heals Your Broken Heart 答案：D 解析：标题归纳题。根据首段内容可知，本文通过陈述生活中的客观情况，引出本文的话题，结合第二段内容可知，心痛的解决途径之一就是听悲伤音乐，进而在下文中列举多个研究发现听悲伤音乐有助于改善人们的情绪，并对这些研究结果进行了分析，由此可知，本文介绍了听悲伤音乐能治愈悲伤的原因，所以本文的标题为“为什么听悲伤音乐能治愈悲伤”与本文内容一致，且概括了本文的主题。故选D项。 Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2024·四川省内江市高二上期中) “Look on the bright side” is one of those 1. (suggestion) that people always consider inspiring but less helpful. However, new research shows that finding something of interest in a terrible situation makes 2. easy for people to stop complaining. Besides, looking at a challenge with humor is a good method, 3. may even be helpful in preventing anxious people 4. feeling sad. In a study published much 5. (early), researchers gave the participants (参与者) some photos that show negative situations. Then they would describe these photos according to 6. request of researchers. Those using humorous words to describe the photos 7. (find) to have fewer negative (负面的) emotions and more possibilities to go through a hard time in their life than those who described the photos 8. (direct). So there appear to be no disadvantages to looking at difficult things in your life with humor and lightness. The conclusion from the study is that for those at higher risk of anxiety, humor can develop an ability 9. (control) negative emotions. What's more, 10. (make) others around you smile can be an extra benefit of humor. Therefore, when you feel stressed and couldn't concentrate your mind on what you are doing, find something that can make you laugh first. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了从消极的情况中看到积极的一面事实上是有用的，一项研究表明幽默地看待挑战可能有助于防止抑郁的人感到悲伤，也有利于培养控制负面情绪的能力。 1．答案：suggestions 解析：考查名词的单复数。分析句子可知，空处被those修饰，作介词of的宾语，因此应用名词复数形式。故填suggestions。 2．答案：it 解析：考查代词。根据空前的“makes”和空后的“easy for people to stop complaining”可推知，此处用固定句型“make it＋形容词＋for sb to do sth”，意为“让做某事对于某人来说……”，故填it。 3．答案：which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的句子，从句中缺少主语，因此应用关系代词which。故填which。 4．答案：from 解析：考查介词。根据空前的“preventing anxious people”和空后的“feeling sad”可知，此处用固定短语prevent sb from doing sth，意为“防止某人做某事”，故填from。 5．答案：earlier 解析：考查副词的比较级。空前的“much”常用于修饰比较级，此处表示相对于当前更早的时间，因此空处应用early的比较级形式。故填earlier。 6．答案：the 解析：考查冠词。结合语境可知，空处表示特指，指来自实验中研究者的特定要求，因此空处应用定冠词。故填the。 7．答案：were found 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，find 和主语Those之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填were found。 8．答案：directly 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词described，应用副词形式。故填directly。 9．答案：to control 解析：考查非谓语动词。名词ability后通常跟不定式作后置定语，表示“……的能力”，因此空处应用control的不定式形式。故填to control。 10．答案：making 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处和空后的others around you smile搭配，作句子的主语，是非谓语动词，且此处介绍的是一件已知的经验，因此应用make的动名词形式。故填making。 学生用书第20页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $