UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 单元知识回顾-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（人教版）

UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 主题语境：人与社会——对社会有突出贡献的人物 单元知识回顾 内容索引 巩固语基 回眸关键 1 语境串记 核心考点　 2 单元检测卷 3 巩固语基 回眸关键 返回 1._____ adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 2._________ n. 目标；目的 adj. 客观的 3.____ vt.& vi. (使)沸腾；煮开；烧 n. 沸腾；沸点 4.______ n. 液体 adj. 液体的；液态的 5.______ vt. (尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi. (规章、习俗等)存在；流行 6.______ vi.& vt. 坚持；坚决要求 核心单词 vital objective boil liquid obtain insist 7.___________ n. 条件；环境；状况 8._____ n. 流；流动；流畅；供应 vi. 流；流动 9._____ n. 图表 vt. 记录；制订计划 10.______ n. 天才；天资；天赋 11.______ n. 专利；专利证书；获得专利 adj. 有专利的；受专利保护的 circumstance flow chart genius patent 12.____________ adj. 不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的 13._________ n. 教授 14.______ n. 方法；技巧；装置；仪器 15.____ vi. 总结；概括 n. 金额；款项；总数；总和 extraordinary professor device sum 16.Thanks to your encouragement，I have been making ___________ (显著的) progress in my study. 17.Modern communication is ________ (至关重要的) to people’s lifestyle and broadens people’s horizons. 18.________ (创建) more than one hundred years ago，Peking University is one of the most famous universities in China. 19.Scientists have many _________ (理论) about how the universe came into being. 语境运用 remarkable crucial Founded theories 20.Further reading made me realise that it was hard work and determination as well as her _______ (温柔的) nature that got her into medical school. 21.This is why most senior high school students suffer a ______ (失败) every day. 22.Learning how to ____________ (感谢) someone who helps you is a traditional virtue in China. 23.Most tour guides do the job out of ________ (激情) for travelling rather than money. gentle defeat acknowledge passion 1.commit vt.承诺；保证vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→ __________ adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→____________ n.承诺；投入，奉献 2.academy n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→_________ adj.学业的；学术的 3.botanical adj.植物学的→_______ n.植物学 4.evaluate vt.评价；评估→__________ n.评估 5.distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→_________ n.差别；区分→__________ adj.独特的 6.analyse vt.分析→________ n.分析 拓展单词 committed commitment academic botany evaluation distinction distinctive analysis 7.apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然→_________ adj.显而易见；显然 8.scientific adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→_______ n.科学→_________ n.科学家 9.mostly adv.主要地；一般地→______ adj.大多数；最多 10.conclusion n.结论；推论→_________ vt.& vi.结束；推断出 11.novelist n.小说家→_______ n.(长篇)小说 12.politician n.从政者；政治家；政客→_________ n.政治→________ adj.政治的 13.gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地→_________ adj.逐渐的；逐步的 14.consequence n.结果；后果→___________ adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→____________ adv.因此；所以 apparent science scientist most conclude novel politics political gradual consequent consequently 1.___________ to education，he ___________ every minute to studying and teaching，so his ___________ finally paid off.(commit) 2.①I’ve come to the ___________ (conclude) that he’s not the right person for the job. ②The concert began with a piece of relaxing music and ___________ (conclude) with a piece of soft music. 3.Two hundred people lost their jobs as a direct ___________ (consequent) of the merger. 语境运用 Committed committed commitment conclusion concluded consequence 4.①As for my favourite _________ (novel)，it must be Mark Twain，one of the best-known American writers in the nineteenth century. ②In 1812，the year Charles Dickens was born，there were 66 _______ (novel) published in Britain. 5.①Like his father，Martin earned his living as a farmer，but he grew crops with ________ (science) methods. ②As is known to us all，Chen Wei is an outstanding Chinese woman __________ (science)in the field of medicine. 6.The book starts slowly，but it _________ (gradual) draws you in. novelist novels scientific scientist gradually 1._________________________________ 承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等) 2.__________ 坚决要求 3.____________ (正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗 4._____________ (开始)掌权；上台 5._______________ 担任；任职 重点短语 commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth) insist on wear and tear come to power take up a position 6._______ 总结；概括 7.________________ 因此；结果 8._________ 偶然地；意外地 9.__________________ 无法控制 10._________ 去世 sum up as a consequence by chance beyond one’s control pass away 选用左栏短语并用其适当形式填空 1.The situation has become better and better since the new government ______ _________. 2.I _______ your taking immediate action to settle the problem in a peaceful way. 3.The teacher required the students to _______ what they had learned from the lessons. 4.The successful man was invited to ________________ as a professor in a famous university. 语境运用 to power came insist on sum up take up a position 1.句型公式：upon/on doing ...在……的时候；当……时；一……就…… 教材原句：Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize，she said，“The honour is not just mine...” 2.句型公式：It is an honour for sb to do sth对某人来说做某事是一种荣誉/一件幸事 教材原句：It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. 典型句式 3.句型公式：独立主格结构 教材原句：He made numerous contributions to the world，the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E＝mc2. 4.句型公式：状语从句的省略 教材原句：While working there，out of a strong passion for knowledge，he continued to study，earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. 1.听到我在写作比赛中获得第一名的消息时，我站在那里，惊呆了。 __________________________ I won first place in the writing contest，I stood there，frozen. 2.我很荣幸向你介绍我最好的朋友之一——林洋。 __________________________________ to you one of my best friends—Lin Yang. 佳句仿写 Upon/On hearing the news that It is a great honour for me to introduce 3.照片上的女孩笑得很甜，长发在微风中飘动。 The girl in the photo was smiling sweetly，_________________ in the breeze. 4.在英语学习中遇到困难时，大多数学生都急于知道如何克服这些困难。 _________________________________________，most students are anxious to know how to overcome them. 返回 her long hair flowing While encountering difficulties in English learning 语境串记 核心考点　 返回 　　When the scientist was young，he worked in a famous academy.He was always 1._________ (commit) to his scientific research.In his opinion，it is crucial that a young man should work hard to achieve numerous challenging objectives.As 2.__ consequence，five years later，his efforts paid off—he obtained a patent for his new invention.3.____ was acknowledged that his invention was very practical at that time.He became very rich overnight.Just as he was planning to found a new lab，the war broke out in his country and most of the citizens 4._____ (flee) to another country. committed a It fled Under the 5._____________ (circumstance)，his wife and friends advised him to give up his plan.However，he insisted that he 6.___________ (stay) in his own country to help those in need.One day，while 7._______ (walk) in the park，he encountered a famous professor，8.______ had made remarkable and extraordinary achievements in his field.9.___________ (apparent)，they two had a lot in common.They both had a strong passion for music and scientific research.In 10.___________ (conclude)，they both decided to stay and work together to do something for their country. 返回 circumstances (should) stay walking who Apparently conclusion 单元检测卷 返回 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 　　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What is the man going to watch？ A.A movie. B.A play. C.A concert. √ W：May I help you？ M：Yes.I’d like to buy two tickets for Taylor Swift’s concert next month. W：OK.400 dollars，please. 听力原文 2.When will the speakers meet？ A.This afternoon. B.Tonight. C.Tomorrow afternoon. W：Will you be able to come this afternoon，David？ M：Sorry，I can’t.What about tonight？ W：I’ll go skating tonight.Let’s meet tomorrow afternoon then. M：OK，it’s a deal. √ 听力原文 3.What does the man want to read？ A.Some news. B.A book. C.An email. M： Are you reading a book on the Internet again？ W：No.I’ve finished reading it.Now I’m reading an e-mail from John. M：I want to read some news after you finish it，if I may. √ 听力原文 4.What are the speakers talking about？ A.How tall a tree can grow. B.Where to plant a tree. C.How the house looks. M： Where shall I plant this tree？ W：Let me see.In front of the house？No，I’m afraid it’ll grow too tall. M：What about in the backyard？ W：That sounds like a better idea. √ 听力原文 5.How does Ted look now？ A.Happy. B.Surprised. C.Nervous. W：Look at Ted. M：Yeah.He seems to be on the top of the world now. W：I guess he has won first prize in the competition. M：You’re totally right. √ 听力原文 第二节　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 M：Are you going on holiday with Mike again this year？ W：Yes.We’ve agreed to travel to a foreign country every summer. M：You went to Beijing last year.Where are you going this year？Still an Asian city？ W：No.I want to go to Paris.But Mike wants to go to Amsterdam. M：So where will you go？ W：Last year we went to the city which Mike liked.So this year we’ll go to the city I like. 听力原文 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.Whom will the woman travel with this summer？ A.The man. B.Mike. C.Mark. √ 7.Which city will the woman travel to this summer？ A.Paris. B.Beijing. C.Amsterdam. √ W：Hi，Jack.It’s me，Anna. M：Hi，Anna.I didn’t see you at school today.Are you sick？ W：No.I fell off my bike yesterday evening and hurt my leg.So I didn’t go to school today. M：I’m sorry to hear that.How are you now？ W：Don’t worry.It’s not serious.I can go back to school next Monday.Jack，have we got any homework to do for the weekend？ M：Yes.We have to do the math exercises on Page 78 in our textbook. 听力原文 　　听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 W：That’s all？ M：No.We also have to do the English exercises on Page 75 in our textbook.And that’s all. W：Thank you，Jack. M：You’re quite welcome，Anna. 8.Why didn’t the woman go to school today？ A.She was sick. B.She was injured. C.She was too busy. 9.What day is it most probably today？ A.Monday. B.Friday. C.Sunday. √ √ M：Lisa，do you have any plan for tomorrow？ W：Nothing special.I may just stay at home and watch TV. M：I don’t think it’s a good idea to watch TV all day at home.What about going to visit the art museum tomorrow morning？There is an Asian art exhibition now. W：That’s great.I love Asian art.But I’m afraid it’ll rain tomorrow. M：Have you checked the weather report？ W：No.But it rained every time I wanted to go out in the past few weeks. 听力原文 　　听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 M：I don’t think it’ll rain tomorrow.The weather report said the other day that it’d be fine for a whole week. W：OK.Then let’s go to the museum tomorrow. M：How shall we get there，by bus or on foot？ W：I’d rather cycle there.We can cycle to the park and take a walk there after leaving the museum. M：That sounds like a great idea.So see you at the gate of the museum around 8：30 tomorrow morning. W：OK.See you then. 10.What’s the woman’s first plan？ A.To go to the museum. B.To stay at home. C.To go hiking. 11.What does the man think the weather will be like tomorrow？ A.Rainy. B.Cloudy. C.Fine. √ √ 12.How will they go to the museum？ A.By bike. B.By bus. C.On foot. √ M：It’s already half past five now.Are you hungry？ W：No.I ate a lot of food this noon.But I really want a glass of water now.The food was a bit salty. M：So when do you want to go out to eat？ W：In about one and a half hours，I guess.But I don’t want a big meal tonight.What about just eating some snacks for supper？ M：I love that idea.We can go to the snack street.I tried some Gado Gado there the other day.It’s a kind of rice ball that is made in Indonesia.I really like it.You should try some tonight，too. 听力原文 　　听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 W：OK.What else can we try there？ M：Well，there are different kinds of snacks on the snack street，such as noodles，vegetables，rice，fried meat，seafood，beans and even dessert.You can find almost any snack that you like there. W：I’ll try some of those.James，how do you know so much about the food there？ M：I once worked part-time near the snack street.I loved trying different snacks there. W：No wonder. 13.How does the woman feel now？ A.Hungry. B.Thirsty. C.Tired. 14.When will they go out to eat？ A.At about 5：30 pm. B.At about 6：30 pm. C.At about 7：00 pm. √ √ 15.What do we know about Gado Gado？ A.It’s Chinese food. B.It’s a type of rice ball. C.It’s fried meat. 16.Why does the man know well about the food on the snack street？ A.He liked eating there. B.He once sold food there. C.He once studied food there. √ √ 　　W：I’ll go downtown to shop with my friends Susan and David tomorrow.It’s a bit far.We usually go downtown either by bus or by subway.But Susan’s boyfriend will go to the city library tomorrow and he’ll give us a lift. So what will we buy tomorrow？ I’m not going to buy anything for myself.I’m going shopping for two gifts.One is a birthday gift for my younger sister，who will turn thirteen in just two days.The other is for my mother as Mother’s Day is just two days after my sister’s birthday.I’ll buy her a new phone. 听力原文 　　听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 Susan will go to a party next week.She needs a new dress and a new pair of shoes for it.So that’s why she’s going shopping tomorrow.Since she isn’t my sister’s friend，she won’t buy a gift for her. David is also going to pick a Mother’s Day gift.He planned to buy either a purse or a dress at first，but now he decides to buy his mother a bag. 17.How will they go downtown？ A.By bus. B.By subway. C.By car. 18.What will Susan’s boyfriend most probably do tomorrow？ A.Buy some presents. B.Borrow books. C.Enjoy a meal. √ √ 19. How old is the woman’s sister now？ A.12. B.13. C.14. 20.What’s the probable relationship between Susan and the woman’s sister？ A.Classmates. B.Friends. C.Strangers √ √ 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2025·重庆市七校联考高二上学期检测) 　　Silent Book Club is a global community of readers.SBC members gather in public at bars，cafes，bookstores，libraries，and online to read together.At Silent Book Club，there are no assigned reading materials. Everyone is welcome，and we encourage everyone to join or establish a chapter (分会) all over the world.All you need is a friend，a comfy public setting，and a book. Deerfield Beach，Florida，USA Want a space away from everyday life where you can escape into a book？ Silent Book Club in Deerfield Beach is a welcoming space where book lovers of all kinds can come together to read and relax.We proudly partner with local businesses，creating opportunities for readers to discover the best that our community has to offer while supporting small and independent enterprises. Join us on Facebook to find out more about our meetups. Newberry，South Carolina，USA The Newberry County Silent Book Club chapter will be a safe，enjoyable space where book enthusiasts can come together.We encourage multiple ages to attend and all reading materials are welcome.We believe in the power of reading and the self care of being in silence.We want to be able to create a space where you are able to just get lost in your reading. Join us on Facebook for details about upcoming meetups. Fairport，New York，USA We welcome all readers to meet once a month！ We will briefly introduce ourselves and what we are reading and then read in silence for 45 minutes.All ages are welcome but children must be together with an adult.Please remember we will be reading in silence for 45 minutes. Follow us on Facebook for details about upcoming meetups. Dover，New Hampshire，USA Dover，NH chapter of Silent Book Club is open to all readers regardless of book format or genre of story.Bring your romance，sci-fi，non-fiction，comic books；they are all great！ We’ll open the gatherings with a few (optional) minutes of sharing what you’re reading，then order a drink or a snack and spend the rest of the time reading. Follow us on Facebook for more information about our meetups. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了全球读者社区 “无声读书俱乐部”，以及其在美国不同地区的四个分会的相关信息，包括活动特点、参与要求和获取活动详情的方式等。 21.What can we know about Silent Book Club？ A.It advocates the establishment of chapters. B.It is a reading community limited to the USA. C.Members have to quit at an advanced age. D.Reading materials are specified beforehand. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Everyone is welcome，and we encourage everyone to join or establish a chapter (分会) all over the world.”可知，Silent Book Club倡导建立分会。故选A。 √ 22.In which club must a kid be accompanied by a grown-up？ A.Deerfield Beach，Florida，USA. B.Newberry，South Carolina，USA. C.Fairport，New York，USA. D.Dover，New Hampshire，USA. 细节理解题。根据Fairport，New York，USA部分中“All ages are welcome but children must be together with an adult.”可知，在Fairport，New York，USA的俱乐部里，孩子必须由大人陪同。故选C。 √ 23.What do these four clubs have in common？ A.They cooperate with local businesses. B.Relevant information is accessible online. C.Participants can eat freely while attending reading activities. D.Membership fees should be paid on a regular basis. √ 细节理解题。根据Deerfield Beach，Florida，USA部分中“Join us on Facebook to find out more about our meetups.”；根据Newberry，South Carolina，USA部分中“Join us on Facebook for details about upcoming meetups.”；根据Fairport，New York，USA部分中“Follow us on Facebook for details about upcoming meetups.”以及Dover，New Hampshire，USA部分中“Follow us on Facebook for more information about our meetups.”可知，这四个俱乐部的共同之处是相关信息可在网上获取。故选B。 B 　　The stars were always within reach for Katherine Johnson.Using her mathematics skills，she helped NASA send astronauts to the moon and return them safely home. Johnson was born in White Sulphur Springs，West Virginia，in 1918.Math came easy to her. She started high school when she was just 10 years old and college when she was 15.After graduating with honors at 18，Johnson taught black students math.Later she continued to study math at West Virginia University but left early to raise a family and return to teaching. In 1952，when she was 34 years old，she learned about jobs for black women with mathematics and computing skills at the Langley Laboratory of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics，which would later become NASA.She and the other women worked as “human computers”，figuring out the difficult calculations (计算) needed for spaceflight.During her time there，she broke racial barriers(种族壁垒)，like using the bathroom that was supposed to be for white women only. One of her biggest achievements at NASA was helping calculate the path of the country’s first human spaceflight in 1961，making sure astronaut Alan B.Shepard，Jr.had a safe trip.A year later she helped figure out John Glenn’s orbit of the planet，another American first.In 1969，she calculated the path of Neil Armstrong’s historic mission to the moon on Apollo 11. Yet unlike the white male astronauts she helped launch into space，no one knew of the groundbreaking work Johnson and many other black women did for NASA and space exploration.It wasn’t until the 2016 launch of the movie Hidden Figures that these women received widespread recognition. Johnson died in 2020，at the age of 101.In her honor，NASA built the Katherine G.Johnson Computational Research Facility at the Langley Research Center to celebrate the hard work she did. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国的数学家及航空航天科学家Katherine Johnson。 24.What can be inferred about Johnson？ A.She hesitated before raising a family. B.She showed extraordinary talent in math. C.She struggled with teaching black students. D.She received many honors during her teaching career. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Math came easy to her.She started...with honors at 18”可推知，Johnson在数学方面展现出了极大的天赋。 √ 25.What did Johnson do at NASA？ A.She studied racial barriers. B.She calculated spaceflight paths. C.She led physical training programs. D.She designed astronauts’ bathrooms. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She and the other women worked as...needed for spaceflight.”和第四段的内容可知，Johnson在NASA的工作是计算航天飞行轨道。 √ 26.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？ A.The variety of spaceflight projects. B.The courage of American astronauts. C.The desire of NASA’s administrators. D.The significance of Johnson’s achievements. 段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，第四段介绍了Johnson为美国历史上几个重要的航天计划作出了贡献，旨在说明她的成就具有重要意义。 √ 27.What helped Johnson win the public’s attention？ A.Her public speech. B.Her story in a movie. C.Support from black women. D.Recommendations by scientists. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“It wasn’t until the 2016 launch of the movie...received widespread recognition.”可知，Johnson进入大众视野并获得关注是因为影片Hidden Figures的上映。 √ C (2025·河南省开封五校上学期期中联考) 　　No matter how successful—or lately，unsuccessful—Manchester United has been on the court，which has always prided itself on an incredible ability to generate the game’s brightest young stars.The latest breakthrough talent，it seems，is 18-year-old midfielder Kobbie Mainoo. The teenager’s emergence from the youth academy (学院) has been one of the few satisfying points in an otherwise difficult season for the team，and the highlight of his fledgling (刚刚起步的) career came during United’s 4-3 win against Wolverhampton Wanderers on Thursday. After the host had seemingly got a draw in the 95th minute of the match，Mainoo showed his considerable potential by scoring a winner in the dying moment.The English youngster received the ball under pressure outside of the opposition’s box before rushing his way towards the goal，hitting against a Wolves defender on the way.Then，when other players might have panicked，Mainoo was composed and guided a perfect shot into the far corner of the net. While his teammates celebrated wildly，Mainoo knelt down and slid towards the crowd after scoring his first Premier League goal.It was a sensational moment and a goal which might change the teenager’s life forever. “I’ve still not come down from it.I still feel like I’m dreaming，to be honest，” Mainoo told TNT Sports after the match.“To start playing in the Premier League for my boyhood club has been amazing.Now I am just trying to play more games and win more games.” There have been moments this season，though，where his inexperience has shown，but the future looks bright for the young midfielder who seems to have his feet firmly on the ground.“He is making incredible progress.He has great abilities as a modern midfield player，” Manchester United manager Erik ten Hag told reporters after the game.“He can defend and attack but also he has the physicality to do both ways.” Manchester United is currently ranked seventh in the Premier League and they are working hard to secure the top four，which will ensure qualification for next season’s Champions League. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了曼联最新的突破天才——18岁的中场科比·迈努。 28.What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us about Kobbie Mainoo？ A.His goals. B.His education. C.His teammates. D.His performance. 段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段主要介绍了Kobbie Mainoo在赛场上的表现。故选D。 √ 29.What does the underlined word “sensational” in Paragraph 4 mean？ A.Boring. B.Dramatic. C.Suitable. D.Possible. 词义猜测题。根据画线词前“While his teammates celebrated wildly，Mainoo knelt down and slid towards the crowd after scoring his first Premier League goal.”及画线词后“a goal which might change the teenager’s life forever”可推知，这是一个轰动性的时刻，画线词sensational意为“轰动性的”，和Dramatic意思相近。故选B。 √ 30.Which word can best describe Kobbie Mainoo？ A.Ambitious. B.Humorous. C.Experienced. D.Shy. 推理判断题。根据第五段内容和第六段“He is making incredible progress.”可推知，Kobbie Mainoo是一个有抱负的人。故选A。 √ 31.What is the aim of Manchester United now？ A.To bring out more young stars. B.To qualify for the next Premier League. C.To play in the Champions League next season. D.To finish in the top seven of the Premier League. 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，曼联队现在的目标是参加下一个赛季的欧洲冠军联赛。故选C。 √ D (2025·武汉中学高二上学期11月月考) 　　Researchers have discovered that limiting a certain enzyme (酶) can have a dramatic impact in protecting against the effects of Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔兹海默症).The finding could lead to a new class of drugs that fight the disease. Much of the historical research into Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has focused on plaques (斑块) that form in the brain，which recently，though，have been found not likely to be the direct cause of it.In seeking another way forward，a group of British researchers turned to an Australian study which showed having the gene for the production of an enzyme known as PDE4B was identified as a risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s. With the intention of investigating how PDE4B might affect the brain，the UK team genetically modified (改造) mice with Alzheimer’s to reduce PDE4B activity.The results are astonishing. First，the mice with Alzheimer’s and normal PDE4B expression showed memory loss in the sense of direction，a distinctive characteristic of AD.But those who had the genetic modification to have less PDE4B activity showed no damage at all.The team also observed that inflammation (炎症)，another hallmark of AD，decreased to some extent in the brains of mice with less PDE4B activity，compared to those with more of the enzyme. Because all of these effects were found in the mice that already had Alzheimer’s but had significant improvement in symptoms，the researchers say that further investigation into how to limit PDE4B in human patients with the condition could lead to new treatment pathways. “These results offer real hope for the development of new treatments that will benefit patients with Alzheimer’s disease in the future，” said Neil Dawson，a co-author of the study.“The next stage is to test whether PDE4B-limiting drugs have similar beneficial effects in the AD mouse model，to test their potential effectiveness in human Alzheimer’s disease.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了限制PDE4B酶对阿尔兹海默症的影响及其研究前景。 32.How did the British researchers get the inspiration？ A.By figuring out the direct cause of AD. B.By going over much historical research. C.By referring to a previous Australian study. D.By breaking down PDE4B in the AD mouse. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“a group of British researchers...as a risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s.”可知，英国研究人员是通过参考之前的澳大利亚研究获得灵感的。故选C。 √ 33.What can be learnt about PDE4B？ A.Its activity promotes the sense of direction. B.It might bring about the development of AD. C.It is processed by a certain enzyme in the brain. D.It will be investigated to reduce mice brain activity. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“a group of British researchers...as a risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s.”可知，PDE4B可能会导致阿尔兹海默症的发展。故选B。 √ 34.What does the underlined word “hallmark” in Paragraph 4 mean？ A.Cause. B.Feature. C.Principle. D.Finding. 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中的“a distinctive characteristic of AD”和“The team also observed that inflammation (炎症)，another hallmark of AD”可知，此处是指炎症是AD的另一个特征。所以hallmark意为“特征”，与B项意思相近。故选B。 √ 35.What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about？ A.The future research focus. B.The existing research background. C.The probable research limitation. D.The practical research application. 段落大意题。根据第五段“the researchers say that further investigation into how to limit PDE4B in human patients with the condition could lead to new treatment pathways”可知，文章最后两段主要介绍了未来的研究重点。故选A。 √ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 　　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2025·山西省太原市高二上学期检测) Embracing Change：A Journey Towards Personal Growth and Success 　　Embracing change is like trying a new flavor of ice cream—you might be doubtful at first，but the taste could be surprisingly delightful at last！ The miracle is all about shifting your mindset and daring to dance with the unknown.　36　. To start with，take a good look at your life and spot the areas that could use a change.Is there a dream job you are too scared to chase？ 　37　？ Either way，never let fear hold you back. Take baby steps towards change when you’ve set up your goal.　38　.Remember，change is like a slow-cooked meal.It needs time and patience.Make a one-year self-improvement plan and celebrate every tiny victory as you go. 　39　.Be ready to question your old beliefs and expand your horizons.Just as Steve Jobs puts it，“Stay hungry；stay foolish”.It’s in these moments of constant learning that you’ll uncover your hidden superpower. Be gentle with yourself through it all.Difficulties in life？ Treat them as opportunities，not failures.Remember，every step is a lesson in your personal evolution. Thus，here’s what change is—may it be your trusty companion on the adventure to an extraordinary life.　40　，so unlock the door and make yourself a real ruler！ A.Here is how to make it happen B.Or a skill you are eager to master C.Keep your appetite for knowledge D.Change is the key to your own kingdom E.Turn to your friends when you feel upset F.After all，sticking to your own opinion is a safe choice G.Break your goal into bite-sized tasks and overcome them one by one 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了拥抱变化对于个人成长和成功的重要性，并提供了一些实现变化的步骤和建议。 　　Embracing change is like trying a new flavor of ice cream—you might be doubtful at first，but the taste could be surprisingly delightful at last！ The miracle is all about shifting your mindset and daring to dance with the unknown.____________________________. A.Here is how to make it happen 根据空前“Embracing change is like trying a new flavor of ice cream—you might be doubtful at first，but the taste could be surprisingly delightful at last！ The miracle is all about shifting your mindset and daring to dance with the unknown.”可知，上文提到拥抱改变需要转变心态、敢于面对未知。而下文则开始介绍如何拥抱改变。A项承上启下，引出下文具体做法，符合语境。故选A。 To start with，take a good look at your life and spot the areas that could use a change.Is there a dream job you are too scared to chase？_____________ ___________________？ Either way，never let fear hold you back. you are eager to master 根据上文“To start with，take a good look at your life and spot the areas that could use a change.Is there a dream job you are too scared to chase？”可知，上文提到审视生活中需要改变的领域，问是否有不敢追寻的理想工作。B项“Or a skill you are eager to master”与前文“Is there a dream job you are too scared to chase？”句式相似，都是关于生活中想要做出改变的方面。故选B。 B.Or a skill Take baby steps towards change when you’ve set up your goal.________ ___________________________________________________.Remember，change is like a slow-cooked meal.It needs time and patience.Make a one-year self-improvement plan and celebrate every tiny victory as you go. your goal into bite-sized tasks and overcome them one by one 根据空前“Take baby steps towards change when you’ve set up your goal.”可知，上文提出朝着改变迈出小步。G项“Break your goal into bite-sized tasks and overcome them one by one”具体说明了如何迈出小步，符合语境。故选G。 G.Break ______________________________.Be ready to question your old beliefs and expand your horizons.Just as Steve Jobs puts it，“Stay hungry；stay foolish”.It’s in these moments of constant learning that you’ll uncover your hidden superpower. Be gentle with yourself through it all.Difficulties in life？ Treat them as opportunities，not failures.Remember，every step is a lesson in your personal evolution. 根据下文可知，本段提到要乐于质疑旧信念、拓展视野，强调要不断学习。C项“Keep your appetite for knowledge”与下文内容相符，体现了不断学习、求知的意思。故选C。 C.Keep your appetite for knowledge Thus，here’s what change is—may it be your trusty companion on the adventure to an extraordinary life.__________________________________，so unlock the door and make yourself a real ruler！ 根据下文“so unlock the door and make yourself a real ruler”可知，作者建议读者要成为自己的主宰。D项“Change is the key to your own kingdom”与之呼应，说明改变对于掌控自己生活的重要性，就像钥匙对于打开王国之门一样。故选D。 D.Change is the key to your own kingdom 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 　　阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2025·长沙市长郡中学高二上学期检测) 　　The American West is one of the most beautiful places I’ve ever seen and within it lies one of the world’s greatest wonders：the Grand Canyon(大峡谷). Hiking the Grand Canyon is really　41　.It’s a sweaty，steep hike that is incredibly exhausting.But it’s worth it. I’d seen the　42　and heard the stories，but nothing could have　43　me for just how huge it was.In front of me，　44　far and wide，were red and orange peaks and valleys，　45　the ground. Hiking down，you can see all the desert animals that are　46　there，and the intricacies (错综复杂的事物) of the ridges，the mountains，the streams and the cliffs that aren’t　47　from above.You can see the　48　changes in the rocks up close，　49　them gently and enjoy the　50　of this place away from the crowds. After　51　the night at the bottom，I awoke，and there was pain in my legs.Yet I was still in for another 9.6-mile hike back up the　52　through hot，steep land.Hiking up was a lot tougher than hiking down，even when taking the flatter Bright Angel trail.After six hours of 　53　I made it out. Once over the top，all the pain，fatigue (疲劳) and heat　54　，giving way to pure　55　.I had conquered the canyon.I had done what the few do. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国大峡谷的壮丽景色以及作者徒步穿越大峡谷的经历和感受。 41.A.hard B.dangerous C.scary D.vital 根据后文“It’s a sweaty，steep hike that is incredibly exhausting.But it’s worth it.”可知，这是一次非常令人疲惫的旅行，因此在大峡谷徒步旅行是非常困难的。故选A。 √ 42.A.notices B.pictures C.guidelines D.advertisements 根据前文“The American West is one of the most beautiful places I’ve ever seen”可知，作者没有去过大峡谷，因此只是看过它的图片。故选B。 √ 43.A.arranged B.directed C.prepared D.suited 根据后文“just how huge it was”可知，作者不知道它到底有多巨大，因此没有什么能让作者为它的巨大做好准备。故选C。 √ 44.A.standing B.rolling C.lying D.stretching 根据语境和前文“In front of me”可知，在作者面前，远远近近延伸着红橙色的峰谷。故选D。 √ 45.A.falling into B.making up C.leading to D.covering up 根据空前“red and orange peaks and valleys”可知，作者面前，远远近近延伸着红橙色的峰谷，与地面融为一体，因此是落入地面。故选A。 √ 46.A.feeding B.living C.hunting D.watching 根据前文“all the desert animals”可知，此处指所有生活在那里的沙漠动物。故选B。 √ 47.A.accessible B.sharp C.noticeable D.smooth 根据前文“the intricacies (错综复杂的事物) of the ridges，the mountains，the streams and the cliffs”可知，这些错综复杂的山脊、山脉、溪流和悬崖是从上面看不到的。故选C。 √ 48.A.size B.weight C.shape D.color 根据前文“were red and orange peaks and valleys”可知，前文提到了红橙色的峰谷，因此靠近看的话，可以看见颜色的变化。故选D。 √ 49.A.touch B.move C.drag D.throw 根据前文“You can see the____changes in the rocks up close”可知，靠近看的话，可以看见颜色的变化，同时也可以轻轻地触摸它们。故选A。 √ 50.A.distance B.peacefulness C.location D.atmosphere 根据后文“away from the crowds”可知，远离人群，因此可以享受宁静。故选B。 √ 51.A.wasting B.devoting C.engaging D.spending 根据后文“the night at the bottom”可知，作者在谷底度过了一个晚上。spend the night意为“度过一晚”。故选D。 √ 52.A.valley B.river C.mountain D.peak 根据语境和空前“back up”可知，作者先是从山顶往下走，到山底，在山底住了一晚后，还要再爬9.6英里，沿着山谷往上爬，才能回到山上。故选A。 √ 53.A.working B.struggling C.resting D.complaining 根据前文“Hiking up was a lot tougher than hiking down”可知，往上爬比往下爬要困难得多，所以作者花了六个小时的努力才成功。故选B。 √ 54.A.disappeared B.exploded C.returned D.boosted 根据后文“giving way to pure ____”可知，取而代之的是快乐，因此爬山所有的疼痛、疲劳和炎热都消失了。故选A。 √ 55.A.regret B.confusion C.ambition D.pleasure 根据后文“I had conquered the canyon.I had done what the few do.”可知，作者征服了大峡谷，做了少数人做的事，所以感到快乐。故选D。 √ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 　　阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2025·河南省洛阳市高二上学期期中) 　　The 2024 Nobel Prize in physics has been awarded to artificial intelligence pioneers John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton.The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm，Sweden，which picked the winners who 56.______________ (announce) on Tuesday，said they were selected because of their “57.___________ (fundamentally) discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural (神经的) networks”.The academy said the pair used tools from the world of physics 58.__________ (develop) methods that set up the foundation for powerful machine learning，59.________ was significant to the development of artificial intelligence. were announced fundamental to develop which 60.___ was Hopfield，they said，who created an associative memory that was capable of 61.________ (store) and reconstructing images and patterns in data.Hinton，the academy added，was honored for inventing away to 62.___________ (autonomous) find properties (特性) in data.Hinton，a British-Canadian professor at the University of Toronto in Canada，said after being announced 63.___ this year’s winner：“I’m 64._________ (astonish).I had no idea this would happen.” He also sounded a note of warning about AI，telling the academy as he accepted his award that he worries “that the overall consequences of this might be 65.________ (system) that are more intelligent than us that might eventually take control”. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了2024年诺贝尔物理学奖授予了AI领域的先驱John Hopfield和Geoffrey Hinton。 It storing autonomously as astonished systems 56.答案：were announced 本空为who引导的定语从句的谓语，本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，先行词为the winners，关系代词who代替先行词在从句中作主语，与announce之间为被动关系，主语为复数。故填were announced。 57.答案：fundamental 空处修饰名词discoveries and inventions，应用形容词fundamental“基本的，根本的”，作定语。故填fundamental。 58.答案：to develop said后的宾语从句的谓语动词为used，此处为非谓语动词，作目的状语，应用动词不定式形式。故填to develop。 59.答案：which 空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为methods，空处在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。 60.答案：It 本句用强调句型“it was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分”，强调主语Hopfield。故填It。 61.答案：storing be capable of doing sth意为“能够做某事”。故填storing。 62.答案：autonomously 空处修饰动词find，应用副词作状语。故填autonomously。 63.答案：as be announced as表示“被宣布为……”。故填as。 64.答案：astonished 空处作表语，表示主语的感受，应用形容词astonished“惊讶的”。故填astonished。 65.答案：systems that引导的限制性定语从句，系动词为are，先行词用名词system“系统”的复数形式。故填systems。 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) (2025·山东省菏泽市高二上学期期中) 　　你校正在组织主题为 “A person I admire” 的英语作文比赛，请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1.人物简介： 2.钦佩原因。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 参考范文 A person I admire ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 　　When it comes to the person I admire most，I can’t help thinking of Fan Jinshi who is an archaeologist and a guard of Dunhuang. After graduating from Peking University，Fan Jinshi chose to work in Mogao Caves，Dunhuang，which lies deep in the Gobi Desert.The living environment was terrible.She was deeply attracted by the works of art and desired to protect them for the future generations.She and her team overcame difficulties，explored scientific concepts and built a “digital Dunhuang”，which has balanced the relationship between cultural relics protection and tourism. Fan Jinshi is called the daughter of Dunhuang.She deserves the respect of all at home and abroad. 第二节(满分25分) 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2025·山东省济宁市高二上学期校际联考) 　　The sun was setting over Springdale，casting shadows across the busy community center.A group of teenagers，the members of the Springdale Youth Committee，gathered at a table.They looked determined and worried.Among them was Emily，a smart but often unnoticed girl who loves helping others. For weeks，they had been organizing a fundraising event for the local homeless shelter，as the shelter struggled to assist the increasing number of individuals seeking help.The big day was one week away，and everything was set—until they discovered another group had a similar charity event on the same day.This could divide the people who might come and the donations they hoped to get. “We can’t change the date now，” said Tom，a senior member，his voice filled with frustration.“We’ve already sent out invitations，and the place is booked.” Emily listened quietly to the discussion.She knew changing the date wasn’t possible，but she also realized competing with another worthy cause could hurt both sides. After the meeting ended without a solution，Emily decided to take action.She spent the next day looking into ways to work with the other group，hoping to find a way that would help both the homeless shelter and the other cause. The next day，she came to the committee with a suggestion.“What if we join our events？” she asked.“We could share resources，work together on promoting，and most importantly，make sure both causes are supported by the community.” The members looked at each other，some doubtful，others interested.“That’s a great idea，Emily，but how will we get them to agree？” Laura，another member，asked.Emily had already thought this through.“I’ll talk to their organizer and show them the benefits of a joint event.” She knew the path ahead would be challenging，but she was determined to make it happen for Springdale and its people. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 　　The committee agreed to let Emily lead this effort. ___________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ As expected，the idea of partnering with the rival organization met with opposition.The other group，protective of their previous hard work，was initially reluctant to accept Emily’s proposal.They worried that their unique voice would be lost in the mix，insisting that their event should stand alone.Emily，unshaken，continued to highlight the benefits of partnership，emphasizing the potential for more donations and increased community involvement.It was a tough sell，but Emily’s determination and the sound reasoning of her plan gradually broke through their initial reluctance. 　　After days of negotiation，Emily finally got a positive reply.___________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ come to realize the value in Emily’s proposal and agreed to collaborate.The two teams began working together，pooling their resources and expertise to create a single，unified event.The result was an overwhelming success，attracting a larger crowd and fostering a sense of unity among the participants.The substantial funds collected profoundly benefited both the homeless shelter and the other cause，showing that when organizations put aside their differences and worked together towards a common goal，the power of collaboration could make a real difference. They had 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了女孩艾米丽为当地的无家可归者收容所组织筹款活动的故事。 【详解】 1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“委员会同意让艾米丽领导这项工作。”可知，第一段可描写艾米丽为活动的成功举行所付出的努力。 ②由第二段首句内容“经过几天的谈判，艾米丽终于得到了肯定的答复”可知，第二段可描写活动成功举行，筹集到了善款。 2.续写线索：同意让艾米丽领导——艾米丽坚持合作——得到肯定答复——一起合作——活动成功——感悟 返回 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 返回 $