UNIT 1 Section Ⅳ Using language-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（人教版）

本讲义围绕爱因斯坦生平主题构建高中英语学习支架，系统梳理核心词汇（如passion, consequence）、拓展词形转换（如conclude-conclusion）、重点句式（独立主格、状语从句省略等），并通过阅读理解、完形填空等语篇练习实现从基础语言知识到综合应用的递进。 资料以主题式情境设计整合语言能力与思维品质培养，如词汇练习结合词根词缀法提升记忆效率，句式训练融入读后续写语境增强应用能力，阅读题通过推理判断培养逻辑思维。课中辅助教师分层教学，课后助力学生自主巩固，弥补知识盲点。

Section Ⅳ　Using language 1.What subjects did Albert Einstein like best in middle school？ A.Politics and geography. B.Physics and maths. C.English and art. D.Chemistry and history. 2.When did Einstein publish four extraordinary physics papers？ A.In 1902. B.In 1904. C.In 1905. D.In 1906. 3.Why was Einstein awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics？ A.Because of his explanation of the photoelectric effect. B.Because of his courageous and kind character. C.Because of his strong passion for knowledge. D.Because of his full-time research at a university. 4.How does the writer develop the text？ A.By time order. B.By space order. C.By analyzing cause and result. D.By using specific figures. 答案：1～4　BCAA ◎核心单词——练通 1.political circumstances 政治环境 2.flee one’s home 逃离家园 3.theory of relativity 相对论 4.have a passion for 酷爱 5.a truly extraordinary woman 一位非常杰出的女性 6.a chance encounter 偶然相遇 7.a respected professor 一位受尊敬的教授 ◎拓展单词——用活 1.conclusion n.结论；推论→conclude vt. & vi.断定；推断出；得出结论 2.novel n.(长篇)小说→novelist n.小说家 3.found vt.建立；创建；把……建立在→founder n.创始人；建立者→foundation n.创建；创办 4.infer vt.推断；推定→inference n.推论；推理；推断 5.politician n.从政者；政治家；政客→political adj.政治的→politics n.政治 6.gentle adj.温柔的；文静的→gently adv.温柔地；文静地 7.gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地→gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的 8.consequence n.结果；后果→consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv.因此；所以 9.remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的→remarkably adv.非常地；显著地 以-le结尾的形容词去e加-y gentle→gently温柔地 terrible→terribly糟糕地 possible→possibly可能地 enjoyable→enjoyably愉快地 comfortable→comfortably舒适地 simple→simply简单地 probable→probably大概 suitable→suitably合适地 ◎阅读单词——识记 1.numerous people 很多人 2.a mathematical genius 数学天才 3.the Swiss patent office 瑞士专利局 4.thick moustache 浓密的胡子 5.mourn the loss 哀悼失去的东西 6.secret formula 秘密配方 学生用书⬇第14页 ◎重点短语——再现 1.come to power (开始)掌权；上台 2.take up a position 担任；任职 3.sum up 总结；概括 4.due to 由于；因为 5.put forward 提出 6.in particular 特别；尤其 7.risk one’s life 冒生命危险 8.on end 竖立着；连续地 9.hang on 坚持；等一会儿；稍等 10.pass away 去世 11.as a consequence 结果 12.on the tip of one’s tongue 就在嘴边 13.make numerous contributions to 对……作出无数的贡献 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1.句型公式　状语从句的省略结构 教材原句　 While working there (在那里工作期间)，out of a strong passion for knowledge，he continued to study，earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. 2.句型公式　find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 教材原句　Einstein，who was Jewish，found the doors of academic institutions closed to him (发现学术机构的大门对他关闭了). 3.句型公式　as though引导方式状语从句 教材原句　He had a thick moustache and long white hair，which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock (好像他刚遭到电击似的). 4.句型公式　“it is/was reported that...”意为“据报道……” 教材原句　On 18 April 1955，it was reported that Einstein had passed away(据报道，爱因斯坦去世了)，and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 passion n.酷爱；激情 教材原句：While working there，out of a strong passion for knowledge，he continued to study，earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. 在那里工作期间，出于强烈的求知欲，他继续学习，并于1905年获得了物理学博士学位。 (1)full of passion 充满激情 with passion 富有激情 have a passion for 对……情有独钟；酷爱…… (2)passionate adj. 热情的；狂热的 be passionate about 对……充满热情 【练透】——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Delighted to know that you have a passion for Tang poetry，I’m writing to inform you of some relevant information about it. ②He delivered a speech with passion，which left us a deep impression. ③Mrs Green was an amazing teacher for many reasons，as she was intelligent and passionate (passion)about what she taught. ④满怀热情和善良的约翰开始做爆米花来帮助伯纳德赚点外快。(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) Being full of passion and kind-hearted，John set about making popcorn to help Bernard earn some extra money. 学生用书⬇第15页 come to power (开始)掌权；上台 教材原句：Circumstances changed in 1933，when Hitler came to power in Germany. 1933年，希特勒在德国上台，形势发生了变化。 (1)power n. 权力；能力；能量；控制力 be in power 掌权，执政 in one’s power 在某人的控制下 have the power to do sth 具有做某事的能力/权力 beyond/out of one’s power 某人力所不能及的 (2)powerful adj. 强有力的 【练透】——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Sensing that the problem was beyond my power，I was so anxious that tears flowed down my cheeks.(读后续写之情感描写) ②With the remarkable development of science and technology，China has become more powerful (power) than ever before. ③得知自己没有在选举中上台后，他勃然大怒，冲出了办公室。(情绪描写) Learning that he didn’t come to power at the election，he boiled with anger and stormed out of the office. ④我非常确信我有能力担任您的助教，所以请考虑我的申请。(申请信) I am greatly convinced that I have the power to take up a position as your teaching assistant，so please take my application into consideration. consequence n.结果；后果 教材原句：As a consequence，he had to flee Germany.因此，他不得不逃离德国。 (1)as a consequence 因此；结果 as a consequence of 由于……；作为……的结果 (2)consequent adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的 (3)consequently adv. 因此；结果 【练透】——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Consequently (consequence)，she understood it and became interested in traditional Chinese culture. ②It is known to us that the rise in global temperature will result in serious consequences(consequent). ③我祖父在医院接受治疗，因此我得照顾他。 My grandfather was under treatment in hospital，and as a consequence/consequently，I have to attend to him. take up a position 担任；任职 教材原句：After spending time in Europe，he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton，USA. 在欧洲度过一段时间后，他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究院谋得研究员一职。 take up 接受；开始从事；继续；占据(时间或空间) take off 脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞 take over 接管；获得对……的控制或管理 take in 吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗 take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事 【练透】——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He decided to take up painting as a new hobby to explore his creative side. ②With the development of science and technology，our country has taken on a new look. ③I hardly took in what the teacher said in class，which made me in low spirits. ④我打算担任志愿者一职，从中可以开阔我的视野。 I intended to take up a position as a volunteer，through which I can broaden my horizons. 学生用书⬇第16页 sum vi.总结；概括 n.金额；款项；总数；总和 经典佳句：To sum up，I wish you could live up to the expectations of our school.(建议信) (1)sum up 总结；概括 to sum up 总之 (2)a large sum of 一大笔；大量的 总而言之，我希望你不辜负我们学校的期望。 【练透】——完成句子 ①你有必要经常总结你的经验，提高你工作的效率。 It is necessary for you to sum up your experience constantly and improve the efficiency of your work. ②总之，当谈到拯救我们的传统文化财富的时候，共同的努力是重要的。 (倡议书) To sum up，it’s joint efforts that count when it comes to the rescue of our traditional cultural treasure. ③买一束康乃馨对他们来说要花一大笔钱。 Buying a bunch of carnations would cost a large sum of money for them. Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：独立主格结构 教材原句：He made numerous contributions to the world，the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E＝mc2. 他为世界作出了无数的贡献，最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E＝mc2。 句中the most well-known being the general theory of relativity ...为独立主格结构；独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在；常见的独立主格结构有： 名词/代词＋doing (主动/进行) 名词/代词＋done (被动/完成) 名词/代词＋to do (未发生的动作) 名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语 【写美】——完成句子 ①听到这个好消息，我高兴得跳了起来，幸福和感激的泪水涌上双眼。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写) Hearing the good news，I jumped for joy，tears of happiness and gratitude welling up in my eyes. ②女孩笑得很甜，眼里闪着兴奋的光芒。(读后续写之情感描写) The girl was smiling sweetly，her eyes sparkling with excitement. ③工作完成了，她坐下来喝了一杯茶。(读后续写之行为描写) The work finished，she sat down for a cup of tea. ④太阳在和风中落下，她坐在公园的长椅上，心中充满了对世界之美的感激。(读后续写之心理描写) The sun setting in gentle wind，she sat on the park bench，her heart filled with gratitude for the beauty of the world. 句型公式：状语从句的省略 教材原句：While working there，out of a strong passion for knowledge，he continued to study，earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. 在那里工作期间，出于强烈的求知欲，他仍继续学习，于1905年获得物理学博士学位。 学生用书⬇第17页 (1)当when，while，before，if，unless，as if等词引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或状语从句中的主语为it且谓语中含be动词时，可同时省略状语从句中的主语和be动词。 (2)省略句中非谓语的选用要根据动词和主语的关系：主动关系用动词-ing形式；被动关系用动词-ed形式；尚未发生用动词不定式。 【写美】——完成句子 ①现在，当学英语遇到困难时，许多学生迫切想知道如何应对它。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Now，when having trouble in learning English well，plenty of students urge to know how to deal with it. ②他张开嘴好像要说些什么，但是他摇了摇头，什么也没说就离开了。 He opened his mouth as if to say something，but he shook his head and left without a word. ③当有必要时，你可以向慷慨的教授寻求指导。 When necessary，you can turn to the generous professor for guidance. 句型公式：find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 教材原句：Einstein，who was Jewish，found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. 作为一名犹太人，爱因斯坦发现学术机构的大门已对他关闭。 “find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构形式归纳： (1)find＋宾语＋ (2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do(it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语) 【写美】——完成句子 ①环顾四周，简发现她自己在陌生的树林里迷路了。 Looking around，Jane found herself lost in the unfamiliar forest. ②她发现很难走出树林，最终，她控制不住自己，大声哭了起来。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写) She found it difficult/hard to walk out of the forest and finally，she couldn’t contain herself and burst out crying. ③我的确希望你会觉得以上建议在构建“绿色北京”方面有用。 I do hope that you can find the above suggestions useful in building a “Green Beijing”. Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.Being caught in the storm made him rather anxious，as he seldom encountered (遇到) such a situation. 2.The old professor (教授)，as well as his students，was invited to attend the graduation ceremony yesterday. 3.The club，founded (创建) 25 years ago，is holding a party for past and present members. 4.Everyone in the village regarded him as a genius (天才)，for he went to college at the age of 14. Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式 1.Mr.King took up a position (任职)as a headmaster in a high school，so he knew the importance of education. 2.To sum up(总而言之)，it is an amazing film which is suitable for both children and adults. 3.Her medicine has saved large numbers of lives in the world.As a consequence(因此)，she was awarded the Nobel Prize. 4.The newly-elected President has taken a series of measures to improve the economy since he came to power(上台). 5.Her work done/finished/completed(工作完成了)，she sighed in relief. 课时测评4　Section Ⅳ　Using language (时间：60分钟　满分：86.5分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) 层级(一)　基础巩固练 Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义(每空1分，共6分) 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加黑词汇对应的意思 A.开始，从事　B.接受　C.继续　D.占用 1.take up ①Smartphones not only take up our valuable time but also do great harm to our health. D ②No matter what happens，I’m going to take up the challenge. B ③He will take up his post as the head of the civil courts at the end of next month. A ④The teacher took up the lesson where he left off last week. C 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 2.She came up with a novel way to solve the problem. adj.新颖的 3.The time flow seems to speed up as we get older. n.流逝 Ⅱ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1.I encountered(偶然碰到) my former English teacher on the street and I was too excited to speak a word. 2.In my opinion，what makes the book so extraordinary (不一般的) is the creative imagination of the writer. 3.It is reported that the university has improved its award system for scientific (科学的) achievements to inspire creative work. 4.I’m writing to invite you to attend “Talk and Talk”，an English program founded (创建)by our school broadcasting station. 5.Only when our theory (理论) is combined with practice can the former become reliable knowledge. 6.When under stress，even a most gentle (温柔的) person can be bad-tempered and get angry easily. 7.I’m very glad to see that your vocabulary is gradually(逐渐地) building up. 8.Under no circumstances can you give up even if you come across difficulties. Ⅲ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1.China has made remarkable(remark)achievements in the application of 5G technology，which will bring more convenience to people’s life. 2.Founded(found)in 1949，the People’s Republic of China has made great advances in many fields over the past decades. 3.With electric cars becoming popular，we believe that the level of air pollution will be reduced gradually (gradual). 4.The twin sisters are very distinct from each other in the character so it is quite easy to make a distinction (distinct) between them. 5.Encountering (encounter) a frightening beast on the way to the market the other day，the servant fled (flee) with her heart beating wildly. 6.One of the worst consequences (consequent) of smoking for a long time is that you may suffer from lung cancer. 7.From these facts we can draw a conclusion (conclude) that we ought to adopt a more scientific (science) approach to preserving the traditional customs. 8.In addition，I’m determined to devote myself to the development and construction of our country by using my professional(profession) knowledge. 9.Seeing that Linda is doing her homework，her mother leaves the study slowly and gently (gentle). 10.To sum up，you will find the above suggestions beneficial (benefit) to your Chinese learning. Ⅳ.完成句子(每小题3分，共15分) 1.我最尊敬的人是我的叔叔，他终生致力于治愈病人的疾病。 The person I respect most is my uncle who is committed to curing patients of their diseases all his life. 2.无论他遇到什么困难，他决不承认失败。 Whatever difficulties he encounters，under/in no circumstances will he acknowledge defeat. 3.自从他就职以来，他坚持全心全意为病人服务。 Ever since he took up his position，he has insisted on serving all the patients heart and soul. 4.在他看来，帮助病人从疾病中康复是他的职责。 In his opinion，it is his responsibility to help patients recover from illnesses. 5.2022年，一听说上海急需医生，他就毫不犹豫地前往上海。 Upon/On hearing that Shanghai was in great need of doctors in 2022，he headed for Shanghai without hesitation. 层级(二)　阅读提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·浙江省温州市高二上学期检测) 　　As a boy，I watched spacecraft launches，and when looking up at all the stars in the night sky，I wondered whether I could go to space.I wish I could tell that boy that his dreams would come true and that he would grow up to pilot spaceships. When I first arrived in space，I travelled eight and a half minutes on an extremely wild ride on a rocket ship.However，it was short enough that it was more like driving a car at maximum performance on a very rough (颠簸的) road.As soon as I got to weightlessness my body was in a completely different environment，which brought about throwing-up and exhaustion.Travel sickness medicine helped my body adapt to it. It’s extremely mind-expanding to get the true reality of our world from space，from glancing at the entire length of the Himalayas to seeing the wildfires of Australia.And perhaps the most impactful is to see something rare.One dawn，I looked down the world with my camera trying to steal every moment I could.It was just the right angle between the sun behind the horizon and the right rare collection of ice crystals(冰晶)，high in the atmosphere.There was an unearthly light，almost like a surreal rainbow.I felt like the world had just shown me a secret. One night，I saw a shooting star，an enormous，random (随机的) rock from the universe trapped by the Earth’s gravity.You can’t help but think that rock just went by us.It did make my blood run cold when I thought it could have just as easily come through our spaceship and made a significant hole，which probably would have killed all of us.I know how to repair holes in the ship，but if the chance event is large enough，you’re dead.It is dangerous，risk-filled，but fascinatingly beautiful and rewarding. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者儿时梦想成为宇航员的愿望成真，并描述了驾驶飞船的经历以及在太空中看到的令人震撼的景象。 1.What can we learn about the author in Paragraph 1？ A.He was fond of travelling. B.He longed to be an astronaut. C.He had an enquiring mind. D.He desired to own a spaceship. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，作者渴望成为一名宇航员。故选B。 2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to？ A.The long space journey. B.The poor car performance. C.The sudden speed change. D.The weightless environment. 答案：D 解析：代词指代题。根据第二段“However，it was short enough...which brought about throwing-up and exhaustion.”可知，晕车药帮助作者的身体适应了失重环境。故“it” 指的是“失重环境”，失重让作者产生了晕车和疲惫。故选D。 3.What impressed the author most when he saw the earth from space？ A.The hard-to-see light. B.The shiny ice crystals. C.The dream-like rainbow. D.The accidental wildfires. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“And perhaps the most impactful is to see something rare...was an unearthly light，almost like a surreal rainbow.”可知，作者在太空中看到地球时，给他留下最深刻印象的是难得一见的光。故选A。 4.Which word best describes the author according to the text？ A.Adventurous. B.Hard-working. C.Innovative. D.Responsible. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is dangerous，risk-filled，but fascinatingly beautiful and rewarding.”可知，作者在描述太空体验时认为尽管很危险，但却充满魅力和回报，由此可推知，作者是一个喜欢冒险的人。故选A。 B (2025·山东省济宁市高二上学期校际联考) 　　When Thomas Edison hit a wall with his inventions，he would nap in an armchair while holding a steel ball.As he started to fall asleep and his muscles relaxed，the ball would strike the floor，waking him with insights into his problems.Or so the story goes. Thomas Edison was somewhat right.Now，more than 100 years later，scientists have repeated the trick in a lab，revealing that the famous inventor was on to something.People following his recipe tripled their chances of solving a math problem.The trick was to wake up in the transition between sleep and wakefulness，just before deep sleep.In this transitional period，we are not quite awake，but also not deeply asleep.It can be as short as a minute and occurs right when we start to doze off. Researchers recruited more than 100 easy sleepers，each of whom was given a math test with a hidden rule for the answer.By recording brain activity，they found that those who napped and were interrupted during the first phase of sleep were three times better at finding the hidden key to the problem than those who remained awake. The creative effect happened even for people who spent just 15 seconds in the first sleep stage.But the trick didn’t work for those who reached later stages of sleep.“Our findings suggest there is a creative sweet spot during sleep onset，” says author Delphine Oudiette，a sleep researcher at the Paris Brain Institute.“It is a small window which can disappear if you wake up too early or sleep too deep.” The study team also identified a brain activity pattern linked to the creativity-boosting phase：moderate levels of brain waves at a slow frequency known as alpha，associated with relaxation，and low levels of delta waves，a hallmark of deep sleep.Oudiette says researchers can now focus on this brain signature when investigating the neural mechanisms (神经机制) of creative problem-solving.The team has already planned an experiment to help people reach a creative zone by monitoring their brain waves in real time.“Edison was great，”Oudiette says，“and now we have a lot more to explore.” 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员通过复现爱迪生的方法发现，在打盹后马上醒来能促进人的创造力。 5.What does the underlined phrase “was on to something” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？ A.Discovered the truth. B.Was absorbed in math puzzles. C.Started the experiment. D.Was engaged in laboratory work. 答案：A 解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段“Thomas Edison was somewhat right...People following his recipe tripled their chances of solving a math problem.”可推知，前面说科学家们重复了这个把戏，后面又说按照他的方法，人们解决数学问题的几率增加了三倍，所以爱迪生确实找到了一种方法。由此可推知，画线词组was on to something和Discovered the truth.(发现了真相)意思相近。故选A。 6.According to the research，the trick of promoting creativity lies in 　　　　. A.gaining adequate deep sleep B.discovering the hidden rules of problems C.following Edison’s life style D.waking up right after nodding off to sleep 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“The trick was to wake up in the transition between sleep and wakefulness...occurs right when we start to doze off.”、第三段以及第四段中“The creative effect happened...those who reached later stages of sleep.”可知，促进创造力的诀窍在于在打盹后马上醒来。故选D。 7.Why did the researchers record brain activity of the sleepers？ A.To evaluate their sleep efficiency. B.To measure their amount of sleep. C.To assess their levels of intelligence. D.To compare their creative thinking abilities. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“By recording brain activity...to the problem than those who remained awake.”可知，研究人员记录睡眠者的大脑活动是为了比较他们的创造性思维能力。故选D。 8.What is Paragraph 5 mainly about？ A.Supporting evidence for the research results. B.Potential application of the research findings. C.A further explanation of the research methods. D.A reasonable doubt about the research process. 答案：B 解析：段落大意题。通读第五段可知，第五段主要讲了研究成果的潜在应用，能帮助人们进入创造性区域。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·福建省福州十校高二上学期期中) Words of Support 　　When your friends have doubts about their work or think their latest idea is second-rate，you’ve probably felt unsure about just how to support.But being there for people you love can be a positive experience for both sides.　1　 Read on for tips on how to show your support. Be positive.One way to offer support is to remind your friends of any previous occasions when they doubted themselves or their writing but their English teacher thought it was great and gave them a top mark.If they’re still worried，you could highlight what you like in the work.Be as specific as you can about these areas.　2　 Be supportive.The golden rule is to be supportive and to help people grow and develop.　3　This provides the person with something concrete that they can change and means they’re less likely to feel they’re being unfairly criticised or that there’s nothing they can do to make things better. Be patient.　4　 This can help them feel valued.If someone hasn’t requested your opinions but they seem unsure of what they’ve done and you’re familiar with the subject，you could ask if they’d be OK to hear your thoughts. 　5　Part of being supportive and honest is appreciating when people treat you with the same respect and learning from what they know and the words of encouragement they share with you. A.Be receptive. B.Be straightforward. C.A large part of this is giving constructive feedback. D.What can you do to help them change their attitude to work？ E.How can you make the experience pleasant and positive for you both？ F.Give others time to respond and make sure you listen to their opinions. G.This will show that you’ve paid attention and you want them to do well. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要提出了一些关于如何对朋友表示支持的建议。 1.答案：E 解析：前文“But being there for people you love can be a positive experience for both sides.”讲述了在自己爱的人身边对双方都是一种积极的体验，后文“Read on for tips on how to show your support.”讲述了本文会给出一些建议，由此可知，空处应是询问如何让这种体验对双方来说都积极，故选E。 2.答案：G 解析：前文“If they’re still worried，you could highlight what you like in the work.Be as specific as you can about these areas.”讲述了你可以具体地说明你欣赏他们工作的某些地方，空处应是讲述这么做的好处，故选G。 3.答案：C 解析：前文“The golden rule is to be supportive and to help people grow and develop.”讲述了要给予朋友支持，帮助朋友成长和发展，空处应是说明具体的做法，C选项中的giving constructive feedback和后文中的This相照应。故选C。 4.答案：F 解析：前文“Be patient.”是本段主旨句，介绍了要耐心对待朋友，结合后文“This can help them feel valued.”可知，空处应说明耐心对待朋友的具体做法，故选F。 5.答案：A 解析：根据前文可知，空处是本段主旨句，且应用祈使句。根据后文“Part of being supportive and honest is appreciating when people treat you with the same respect and learning from what they know and the words of encouragement they share with you.”可知，本段讲述了要善于接受，故选A。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·海南省高二年级学业水平诊断) 　　I’ve got a pair of regular customers who are absolutely sweet：a father and his little girl.Their 　1　 order is a small cheese pizza for the little one. One day，the father 　2　 and ordered a cheese pizza for his daughter.He then asked if we had mushrooms，　3　 to order a second pizza for himself that day.However，the little girl overheard the 　4　 M-word from her father’s mouth.At the end of the phone，I heard this girl crying when she 　5　 that there would be mushrooms on her pizza，not 　6　 at all that it wasn’t for her.Her father 　7　 himself and told me to forget about the second pizza. That was when I knew what I had to do.I 　8　 two pizzas：one mushroom and one cheese.I 　9　 for the mushroom one myself. They came an hour later.I handed them both pizzas，and the man started sobbing (抽泣).　10　，they were tight on money that month，and my 　11　 turned his whole outlook around. He thanked me once more，and a few weeks later came back with some 　12　 for me，which made my day.This time，it was my turn to cry，as customers had been 　13　 about my service all week and I was beginning to feel really 　14　.But those flowers made me feel much better. They come back regularly still，and his girl is just as sweet as ever—no 　15　.They’re still some of my favorite customers in my fifteen years of selling pizzas. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者作为一名披萨店员，通过善意之举帮助了一对经济拮据的父女，以及这对父女后来以鲜花表达感激之情的故事。 1.A.extra B.usual C.secret D.new 答案：B 解析：根据下文的“a small cheese pizza for the little one”以及“One day，the father 　　and ordered a cheese pizza for his daughter.”可知，这对父女两个经常点的是一份小的芝士披萨给小女孩。故选B。 2.A.passed by B.went off C.called in D.showed up 答案：C 解析：根据下文的“At the end of the phone，I heard this girl crying...”可知，电话结束时作者听到小女孩在哭，由此可知，此处指的是父亲打电话点餐。故选C。 3.A.regretting B.pretending C.promising D.intending 答案：D 解析：根据上文的“Their 　　order is a small cheese pizza for the little one.”可知，父亲经常给小女孩点一份小的芝士披萨，结合下文的“to order a second pizza for himself that day”可知，父亲打算给自己点一份披萨。故选D。 4.A.awful B.exciting C.strange D.familiar 答案：A 解析：根据上文的“the little girl overheard”以及下文的“At the end of the phone，I heard this girl crying when she 　　that there would be mushrooms on her pizza”可知，小女孩无意中听到了蘑菇这个字，由此她觉得是给她点的蘑菇披萨而不是芝士披萨，因此在电话里哭，由此可知，此处“糟糕的”符合语境。故选A。 5.A.remembered B.admitted C.realized D.agreed 答案：C 解析：根据上文的“I heard this girl crying”以及下文的“that there would be mushrooms on her pizza”可知，小女孩在哭是因为她“意识到”她会得到的是蘑菇披萨，而她想要的是芝士披萨。故选C。 6.A.explaining B.minding C.deciding D.understanding 答案：D 解析：根据上文的“He then asked if we had mushrooms，　　 to order a second pizza for himself that day.”可知，父亲想给自己点一份蘑菇披萨，结合“I heard this girl crying when she 　　that there would be mushrooms on her pizza”可知，小女孩无意中听到了蘑菇披萨，以为是给她的而哭，由此可知，她根本不“明白”这不是给她的。故选D。 7.A.taught B.believed C.stopped D.punished 答案：C 解析：根据下文的“and told me to forget about the second pizza”可知，父亲告诉作者不要考虑第二份披萨了，由此可知，此处指的是父亲“阻止”自己点第二份披萨。故选C。 8.A.bought B.prepared C.returned D.shared 答案：B 解析：根据上文的“Her father 　　himself and told me to forget about the second pizza.”可知，父亲因为女儿哭闹而取消了为自己点的披萨，但是作者明白怎么回事，结合下文的“two pizzas：one mushroom and one cheese”可知，作者应该是为他们“准备”了两份披萨，一份是蘑菇的，一份是芝士的。故选B。 9.A.searched B.arranged C.paid D.applied 答案：C 解析：根据上文的“Her father 　　himself and told me to forget about the second pizza.”可知，父亲因为女儿哭闹而取消了为自己点的披萨，所以此处指的是作者自己“支付”蘑菇披萨的费用。故选C。 10.A.Apparently B.Naturally C.Disappointingly D.Similarly 答案：A 解析：根据上文的“I handed them both pizzas，and the man started sobbing (抽泣).”可知，作者给父亲两份披萨的时候，父亲哭了，结合下文的“they were tight on money that month”可知，此处指的是“显然”他们那个月应该是手头紧，买不起两份披萨，作者给支付蘑菇披萨的费用，让父亲感动得落泪。故选A。 11.A.kindness B.bravery C.curiosity D.responsibility 答案：A 解析：根据语境和上文的“That was when I knew what I had to do.I 　　two pizzas：one mushroom and one cheese.I 　　for the mushroom one myself.”可知，作者明白了情况后，给父女两人准备了两份披萨，并自己支付了蘑菇披萨的费用，由此可知，此处指的是作者的“善意”完全改变了他的一天。故选A。 12.A.cards B.flowers C.pictures D.books 答案：B 解析：根据下文的“But those flowers made me feel much better.”可知，此处指的是这位父亲带了“花”给作者表示感谢。故选B。 13.A.hesitating B.thinking C.worrying D.complaining 答案：D 解析：根据下文的“But those flowers made me feel much better.”可知，现在作者感觉很好，根据But可知，此空所在的句子讲述的是让作者感到不好，由此可知，此处应是作者经常遭到顾客的“投诉”。故选D。 14.A.unrecognized B.untouched C.unemployed D.undefeated 答案：A 解析：根据上文的“as customers had been 　　about my service all week”可知，因为作者这一周经常遭到顾客的投诉，所以此处应是作者觉得自己“不被认可”。故选A。 15.A.excuses B.tears C.goals D.words 答案：B 解析：根据上文的“I heard this girl crying when she 　　that there would be mushrooms on her pizza，not 　　at all that it wasn’t for her.”可知，小女孩因听到了蘑菇，以为是给她的披萨有蘑菇而哭，而现在这对父女还是经常来，但是没有了“眼泪”。故选B。 学生用书⬇第18页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $