UNIT 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（北师大版）

UNIT 1　RELATIONSHIPS 主题语境：人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 Section Ⅲ　Grammar 过去完成时 内容索引 品语篇 初识语法 1 巧点拨 精研语法　 2 课时测评 3 品语篇 初识语法 返回 语法串烧 　　Last night，after I had finished① supper，I went to the cinema with Li Hua.When we got to the cinema，the film hadn’t begun②，but most of the audience had taken their seats.After the film began，the audience quieted down immediately. It was the first time that I had seen③ this new type of film，so I watched it especially attentively.When the movie was over，it had already been④ 10 o’clock at night.The bus had stopped with very few pedestrians on the streets.Li Hua and I had to walk home，and we talked about the movie we had just watched.Finally，I will give my comment：this was the best film I had ever seen and I hadn’t thought⑤ it would be so attractive. 返回 我的发现 1.________处表示在过去某一时刻或过去某一动作之前已经完成的动作，句中常有after、 before、when等引导时间状语从句。 2.____处用于固定句型“It/This/That was the first/second/...time that...意为“这/那是第一/二/……次……” 3.____处表示过去未曾实现的想法。 ①②④ ③ ⑤ 巧点拨 精研语法　 返回 一、过去完成时的构成和主要用法 1.构成 肯定句 主语＋had＋动词-ed形式 否定句 主语＋had＋not＋动词-ed形式 一般疑问句 Had＋主语＋动词-ed形式 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词＋had＋主语＋动词-ed形式 被动语态 主语＋had＋been＋动词-ed形式 She said she had been to Paris before. 她说她以前去过巴黎。 The country had not yet recovered from the effects of the war by then. 到那时这个国家尚未从战争的影响中恢复过来。 Had you ever visited the Great Wall before the high school？ 在上高中前你参观过长城吗？ Why had the film become a memory of a generation？ 为什么这部电影成为一代人的记忆？ My homework had been finished when my father came back home last night. 昨天晚上当我的父亲回到家时，我的家庭作业已经完成了。 2.主要用法 (1)表示在过去某个时间或动作之前就已经发生的动作，通常简称为“过去的过去”。句中常有by、 by the end of、by the time等介词(短语)和 before、 when、 until等引导的状语从句，也可以通过一个表示过去的动作或上下文来表示。 They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 上周三以前他们已经种了六百棵树。 By the end of last month，the new building had been completed ahead of time. 到上个月底，新大楼已经提前完工了。 (2)表示发生在过去某个动作或时刻之前的动作一直延续到过去的另一个时间，常与for、since等词连用。 I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 我在车站等了20分钟才来了辆公交车。 (3)表示未曾实现的愿望或打算。 表示“意愿、打算”的动词如hope、 mean、 want、 think、 expect、 plan、 intend等的过去完成时表示“原本……(但事实上并没有……)” 之意。 The Greens had intended to pay a visit to Xi’an but something unexpected came up. 格林一家本来打算去西安旅游，但发生了意想不到的事情。 Making new friends with workmates was not so easy as he had expected. 和同事交朋友并不像他想象的那么容易。 巧学活用1——用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.He ___________ (live)in that small village for twenty years before he moved to the big city. 2.She _____________ (plan)to go on a trip，but she got sick and had to cancel it. 3.By the end of last year，they ___________ (build)three new schools in the area. had lived had planned had built 二、过去完成时在几个重点句型中的应用 1.在no sooner...than...、 hardly...when...句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，意为“一……就……；刚……就……”。 No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he came to visit us. 他一到北京就来看我们了。 The girl had hardly rung the bell when the door was opened suddenly. 女孩刚按响铃，门就突然被打开了。 2.在“It was the first/second/...time that...”句型中，从句中用过去完 成时。 It was the first time that I had chatted online in English. 这是我第一次用英语在网上聊天。 3.在“It was＋一段时间＋since 从句”句型中，从句用过去完成时。 It was at least three months since I had left Beijing. 我离开北京至少有3个月了。 巧学活用2——单句语法填空 1.Hardly _____ he _________(arrive) in Shanghai when he rang me up. 2.It was five months since he ____________ (start) working on that project. 3.It was the first time that the baby __________(come)down with the flu，causing severe symptoms. 4.No sooner _____ he _________ (enter) the room than the phone rang. had arrived had started had come had entered 三、过去完成时、一般过去时以及现在完成时的区别 时态 用法 过去完成时 强调“过去的过去”，即表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，是以过去某一时间为基准的。 一般过去时 以现在时间为基准，表示在过去发生的动作或存在的状态，对现在没有影响。 现在完成时 强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或者从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作。 1.She had studied French for 5 years before she went to work in France. 在去法国工作之前，她学了5年法语。 2.She once studied French for 5 years，and now she is working in France. 她曾经学了5年法语，现在在法国工作。 3.I haven’t heard from him since he joined the army three years ago. 自从3年前他参军以来，我就没收到过他的信。 【温馨提示】 (1)表示过去某个时间以前所连续发生的两个或两个以上的动作时，一般用and、 then、 but按照动作的先后顺序连接，此时通常用一般过去时而不用过去完成时。 He entered the room，turned on the light and sat down at the table. 他走进房间，打开灯，坐在桌子旁。 He said he went to the shop and bought some food. 他说他去商店买了一些食品。 (2)当一个由before、 after、 as soon as等引导的从句所表示的动作和主句的动作紧接着发生时，两个动作均可用一般过去时来表示。 We had breakfast after we did morning exercise. 做完早操后，我们吃早饭。 The train started to move just before he reached the platform.他刚到月台时火车就要走。 They started ploughing as soon as they got to the fields.他们一到地里就开始耕地。 巧学活用3——单句语法填空 1.She locked the door and then ______ (go) out. 2.Mary said that she ____________ (visit) the Great Wall two years before. 3.With the help of my parents，I ______________ (achieve) my goal this year. went had visited have achieved 知识网络 返回 课时测评 返回 维度一　用所给动词的适当形式填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1.Nina opened the door and ______(go)out with her little dog. 2.When I got on the bus，I realized I __________(leave)my textbook at home. 3.I ______________(intend)to call on you，but I had an unexpected visitor. 4.We ________(have)the car for eight years before we sold it last week. 5.By the end of last week，they ____________(finish)80 percent of the work. 6.He once _______(work)as a teacher for 5 years，but now he is a successful manager. 语境基础练 went had left had intended had had had finished worked 7.When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I ___________ (not see)for years. 8.I arrived at the office in the morning and found that somebody ____________ (break)into the office during the night. 9.By the time Jack returned home from England，his son _____________ (graduate)from college. 10.The man said the book ___________________(publish)several times by the end of last year. hadn’t seen had broken had graduated had been published 维度二　语法与写作(每小题2分，共10分) 1.他们本来想要来帮忙的，但未能及时赶到这儿。 They __________________ but couldn’t get here in time. 2.很明显，他们都为比赛做了很好的准备。 It was obvious that all of them ____________________________ the contest. 3.那是我第一次参加这样有意义的活动。 It was the first time that I ______________________________________. had wanted to help had made good preparations for had taken part in such a meaningful activity 4.他的儿子跑去看秧苗。令他惊恐的是，它们都枯死了。 His son ran to look at the seedlings.To his horror，all of them _____________ and died. 5.我们刚坐好，怀特太太就进来了，手里拿着书和文件。 Hardly __________________________________ Mrs.White came in，books and papers in her hand. had dried up had we settled down into our seats when 维度三　语法与语篇(每小题1分，共8分) 用所给动词的适当形式完成语段 My friend，Andrew，1.__________(live)in a foreign country for many years before he returned to England.He had often dreamed of retiring in England and 2.____________(plan)to settle down in the countryside.He 3._____ no sooner __________(return)than he bought a house and went to live there.Almost immediately he 4.______(begin)to complain about the weather，for it was often bitterly cold.After so many years of sunshine，Andrew got a shock.He acted as if he had never lived in England before.In the end，it was more than he could bear. had lived had planned had began returned He 5._____ hardly _____(have)time to settle down when he sold the house and 6._____(leave)the countryside.The dream he 7.________(have)for so many years ended there.Andrew made a big mistake because he 8.____________ (think)of everything except the weather. had left had had had thought had Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题4分，共32分) A (2025·河北保定市部分高中高二上期中) Geoff Banks and Celesta Byrne met as part of an educational project to put British and American students in contact and they still keep in touch with each other. Centenarians (百岁老人)，Geoff Banks from Devon，Britain，and Celesta Byrne，from the US，started writing to each other at the age of 16 in 1938.The former engineer Geoff even kept in touch with Celesta during WWⅡ.They，now，can talk to each other on the Internet. 素能提升练 They recently had their first call giving Geoff a break from putting pen to paper that he said he found difficult at his age.Despite having chatted for decades，the pair have only ever met twice—first in 2002 while Geoff visited New York at the age of 80，and then again two years later.Celesta was living in New Jersey at that time，and then she moved to live near family in Texas. Geoff said，“I had worked abroad for a number of years but had not been to the US for some time.Celesta was in New Jersey，so we decided to meet up in New York for a short Christmas trip.We just talked about daily lives and our families.In one of my early letters，I sent her a copy of a British paper in 1953 which had Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ’s coronation (加冕)on the front of it.” Despite having such a special relationship，the pair deny there was ever any romance there.Both have been married，with Geoff’s wife having passed away in 2011.Geoff is now a great grandfather，having sadly survived his daughter but still having three sons scattered across the world and many more grandchildren. They felt grateful to the educational project，which gave them the chance of being friends.They are friends，like people who live next door.They value their friendship and think it’s nice to hear friends’ voices. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Geoff Banks和Celesta Byrne相识于一个教育项目并保持友谊的故事。 1.How did Geoff know Celesta？ A.By a friend. B.By joining in a party. C.By surfing the Internet. D.By an educational program. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Geoff和 Celesta相识于一个教育项目。故选D项。 2.What was Geoff before he retired？ A.A teacher. B.A mechanic. C.An engineer. D.A soldier. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，Geoff曾是一名工程师。故选 C项。 3.Where did Celesta live when she met Geoff for the second time？ A.In New York. B.In New Jersey. C.In Texas. D.In Devon. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段“Despite having chatted for decades...live near family in Texas.”可知，Geoff和Celesta只见过两次，第一次是在2002年，第二次是两年后，当时Celesta住在 New Jersey。故选B项。 4.Which word can best describe the friendship between Geoff and Celesta？ A.Lasting. B.Odd. C.Complex. D.Ordinary. √ 推理判断题。根据文章对这对百岁笔友关系的描述，如第二段“Centenarians (百岁老人)，Geoff Banks from Devon...can talk to each other on the Internet.”可推知，他们的友谊是长久的。故选A项。 B (2025·重庆高二上期末) 　　Antonio Cruz and Felix Vargas are teenage best friends who live and breathe the sport of boxing.They train together whenever they can and share a good knowledge of the sport and its stars.Their passion for boxing is a positive element of their lives that has kept them away from gangs and drugs，which are quite common in their New York City neighborhood. One day，Antonio and Felix learn that they are set to fight each other in a fight that will determine which of them goes on to compete in the Golden Gloves—the first step towards a real professional fighting career.Initially，the two friends pretend that their upcoming fight changes nothing.However，they soon agree that they should separate until the fight in order to train independently.In addition to physical training，both Antonio and Felix work to get into the right psychological state to fight their best friend. On fight night，Tompkins Square Park is filled with cheering fans.Because they know each other so well，Felix and Antonio are able to counter (还击) each other’s every move throughout the fight.Bong！ Bong！ Bong！ The bell sounds over and over again.Felix and Antonio are past hearing.Their blows continue to pound on each other like hailstones (冰雹).Finally the referee and the two trainers pull Felix and Antonio apart.Cold water is poured over them to bring them back to their senses.They look around and then rush toward each other.A cry of alarm echoes through Tompkins Square Park.Is this a fight to the death instead of a boxing match？ The fear soon gives way to wave upon wave of cheering as the two friends embrace. “Ladies and Gentlemen.The winner and representative to the Golden Gloves Tournament of Champions is...” The announcer turns to point to the winner and finds himself alone.Arm in arm the champions have already left the ring. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Antonio和Felix是热爱拳击的好友，得知将对决争夺金手套参赛资格后，他们分开独立训练。比赛当晚两人激烈对抗，结束后拥抱并携手离开，展现出了深厚的友谊。 5.What can practising boxing in New York City benefit most？ A.Strengthening their physical body. B.Having a good knowledge of boxing. C.Developing their good friendship. D.Reducing chances of forming bad habits. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Their passion for boxing is a positive element of their lives that has kept...neighborhood.”可知，在纽约市练习拳击最大的好处是让他们远离帮派和毒品，即减少养成坏习惯的机会。故选D项。 6.How do Antonio and Felix prepare for the coming match？ A.Pretend to work hard. B.Go all out for it. C.Practise hard together. D.Share the same coach. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段中“However，they soon agree that they should separate until the fight in order...fight their best friend.”可知，他们分开全力以赴为比赛做准备。故选B项。 7.What does the audience think of the fight？ A.Exciting. B.Unskillful. C.Cheating. D.Regretful. √ 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Because they know each other so well，Felix and Antonio are able to...hailstones (冰雹).”和“They look around and then rush toward each other.A cry of alarm echoes...friends embrace.”可知，比赛打得难舍难分，结束时他们还停不下来，观众担心他们会再打起来，但看到他们互相拥抱时观众席上响起欢呼声。由此可知，观众认为这是一场令人兴奋的比赛。故选A项。 8.What can we infer about the two teenagers？ A.They can’t continue to be good friends. B.They’ll support each other for the Golden Gloves. C.Neither will fight in the Golden Gloves. D.Both of the two teenagers lack true sportsmanship. √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The announcer turns to point to the winner and finds himself alone.Arm in arm the champions have already left the ring.”可知，两人不在乎比赛结果，也不在乎谁会有资格出征金手套比赛。由此可知，他们都不会去参加这次比赛。故选C项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2分，共10分) (2025·河南省开封市高二上学期11月期中) The foundation of any happy relationship is good communication.It deepens the bond between partners by training understanding and trust.However，developing this skill requires both work and a readiness to be open with one another.　1　 Develop active listening.　2　 Giving your full attention to your partner and keeping eye contact are examples of active listening.Avoid asking questions or responding before they have completed speaking.To create a secure environment for real discussion，demonstrate empathy (共情)and understand their feelings. 　3　 Communication is more than just the words that you speak.Good communication takes place in body language，facial expressions，and the tone of voice.When talking about delicate subjects，be open-minded and convey your feelings with a respectful tone of voice. Practice empathy and understanding.Empathy and understanding can go a long way in creating good communication.　4　 Empathy allows you to connect on a deeper level and creates an atmosphere of each other's support.Engage with your partner without judgment and try to put yourself in their shoes. Schedule regular conversations.Make time for regular conversations to talk about your relationship's status.　5　 They are also a chance to recognize each other's accomplishments as well as strengthen your emotional bond. Relationship communication can be improved with work.Learning how to speak with empathy can help you build a solid foundation of trust and understanding.Stay committed to the journey of open communication，and you will find that your bond will grow stronger and deeper over time. A.Pay attention to non-verbal communication. B.Try to respect the other in your communication. C.In fact，a key part of good communication is listening. D.These purposeful discussions offer a chance to address your issues. E.While communicating，make sure that you understand every word the other said. F.Seek to understand your partner’s viewpoint and emotions，even when you disagree. G.Here are some tips to help communicate more effectively and strengthen your relationship. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了建立幸福关系，帮助有效沟通，提供了一些建议。 The foundation of any happy relationship is good communication.It deepens the bond between partners by training understanding and trust.However，developing this skill requires both work and a readiness to be open with one another._____________________________________________ _______________________________________ G.Here are some tips to help communicate more effectively and strengthen your relationship. 上文“The foundation of any happy...to be open with one another.”说明幸福关系的基础是良好的沟通，而沟通需要技巧，选项G“这里有一些建议可以帮助你更有效地沟通，加强你们的关系。”承接上文，引出下列各段内容。故选G项。 Develop active listening._______________________________________ ___________Giving your full attention to your partner and keeping eye contact are examples of active listening.Avoid asking questions or responding before they have completed speaking.To create a secure environment for real discussion，demonstrate empathy (共情)and understand their feelings. 本段主题句“Develop active listening.”说明本段建议积极倾听，选项C “事实上，良好沟通的一个关键部分是倾听。”承接上文，强调良好的沟通关键是倾听。选项中listening和上文词汇重叠，语义一致，故选 C项。 C.In fact，a key part of good communication is listening. _______________________________________ Communication is more than just the words that you speak.Good communication takes place in body language，facial expressions，and the tone of voice.When talking about delicate subjects，be open-minded and convey your feelings with a respectful tone of voice. 下文“Communication is more than just the words that you speak.Good communication takes place in body language，facial expressions，and the tone of voice.”说明良好的沟通需要肢体语言等非语言的交流，选项A“注意非语言交流。”引领下文，点明本段主题。故选A项。 A.Pay attention to non-verbal communication. Practice empathy and understanding.Empathy and understanding can go a long way in creating good communication._____________________________ __________________________________________ Empathy allows you to connect on a deeper level and creates an atmosphere of each other’s support.Engage with your partner without judgment and try to put yourself in their shoes. 上文“Empathy and understanding can go a long way in creating good communication.”及下文“Engage with your partner without judgment and try to put yourself in their shoes.”说明要有同理心并且理解对方，设身处地为他们着想，选项F “试着去理解你同伴的观点和情感，即使你不同意。”承上启下，符合语境，故选F项。 F.Seek to understand your partner’s viewpoint and emotions，even when you disagree. Schedule regular conversations.Make time for regular conversations to talk about your relationship’s status.__________________________________ _________________________ They are also a chance to recognize each other’s accomplishments as well as strengthen your emotional bond. 上文“Make time for regular conversations to talk about your relationship’s status.”建议要抽时间沟通关系状况，选项D “这些有目的的讨论提供了一个解决你的问题的机会。”承接上文，说明这些沟通能提供解决问题的机会，下文“They are also a chance to recognize each other’s accomplishments as well as strengthen your emotional bond.”提出这些沟通的另一个作用，与之并列。故选D项。 D.These purposeful discussions offer a chance to address your issues. Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) (2025·上海高二上期末) A How-to Guide for Working Introverts 　　Whether it is to bring bad news to your boss，or to face an interview panel，corporate life throws up distressing moments.But few things are worse than 1 if you are an introvert.You arrive at an event to find everyone knowing each other already.But then you look more closely and spot the 2 .They are the people who pretend to be reading the conference agenda，or checking mail box with greater 3 than ever happens at the office. Fortunately，there is advice on how to break the ice.First，make 4 in queues，because it is easier to talk to the person in front of you and behind you.Alternatively，don’t be afraid to laugh，because nothing 5 the tension from room like laughter.Additionally，take notes on conversations to appear truly 6 .However，it’s not that easy to apply these tricks to real-life situations. But don’t worry，here’s another good news：building bonds on LinkedIn，an employment-focused site，is a lot less 7 .There is no eye contact， 8 ，and the rules are well-accepted.A paper found that，because they bring you novel information，more infrequent relationships are more useful than 9 contacts.The experiment showed that weaker ties were more likely to make for job applications and job moves than stronger ties. This sounds like a(n) 10 for introverts，but let’s face it：even weak ties need tending.Even online，extroversion invariably 11 higher social acceptability. There isn’t a genuinely painless 12 for introverts’ expanding the social circle.Still，there is one thing that you can do：to save your energy for the people who most likely interests you.According to Dr.Rajkumar，it’s not always the thing that the weaker the tie，the better.The sweet spot in expanding connection is someone with 13 weak ties to you.In other words，it 14 if you can identify people who can bring you new information but are close enough to your world that this information is useful.In the offline world，a tool like ChatGPT should make it easier to find useful prospects in a list of event attendees.You also need to overcome all your instincts as introverts and 15 them. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于内向者如何在社交和职业场合中拓展人脉的建议。 1.A.lying B.performing C.networking D.negotiating √ 根据下文“You arrive at an event to find everyone knowing each other already.”可知，内向的人不擅长社交。故选C。 2.A.fellow sufferers B.companion seekers C.mindless wanderers D.natural speakers √ 根据下文“They are the people who pretend to be reading the conference agenda，or checking mail box”可知，发现和自己一样在社交场合感到难受的人。故选A。 3.A.disgust B.freedom C.intensity D.emotion √ 根据“pretend to be reading the conference agenda，or checking mail box”可知，有些人在社交场合为了避免尴尬而假装做某事，且比平时在办公室做这些事的强度更大。故选C。 4.A.jokes B.contact C.comments D.judgment √ 根据“because it is easier to talk to the person in front of you and behind you”可知，建议在排队时与人接触交谈。故选B。 5.A.heightens B.drains C.sustains D.builds √ 根据“the tension from room like laughter”可知，笑声能缓解紧张气氛。故选B。 6.A.confused B.embarrassed C.fulfilled D.engaged √ 根据“take notes on conversations”可知，记下对话会让自己看起来更投入。故选D。 7.A.desirable B.stressful C.helpful D.hopeful √ 根据上文“corporate life throws up distressing moments.But few things are worse than ______if you are an introvert.”可知，现实生活中社交是有压力的，而在网上建立人脉的压力要小得多。故选B。 8.A.after all B.in turn C.however D.in response √ 根据上文“There is no eye contact”和下文“the rules are well-accepted”可知，此处需要一个副词短语来表示强调或补充，after all用在此处表示“毕竟没有眼神交流，而且规则也是大家公认的”，符合语境。故选A。 9.A.weak B.complicated C.unusual D.close √ 根据“more infrequent relationships are more useful”可知，不太频繁的关系比亲密的关系更有用。故选D。 10.A.relief B.stress C.escape D.experience √ 根据上文“more infrequent relationships are more useful than ______contacts”可知，不太频繁的关系比亲密的关系更有用，所以对于内向的人来说在网上建立不太频繁的关系是一种解脱。故选A。 11.A.predicts B.chops C.boasts D.underlines √ 根据“higher social acceptability”可知，外向预示着更高的社会接受度。故选A。 12.A.recovery B.recipe C.status D.decision √ 根据“for introverts’ expanding the social circle”可知，此处指扩大社交圈的方法。故选B。 13.A.objectively B.moderately C.prospectively D.initially √ 根据“The sweet spot in expanding connection”可知，此处指拓展人脉的最佳人选是与你关系适中的人。故选B。 14.A.follows suit B.holds true C.pays off D.takes pain √ 根据“if you can identify people who can bring you new information but are close enough to your world that this information is useful”可知，如果能找到这样的人就会得到回报。故选C。 15.A.approach B.guide C.expand D.interest √ 根据“overcome all your instincts as introverts”可知，此处指克服内向的本能，主动接近他人。故选A。 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 1　RELATIONSHIPS 返回 $