UNIT 3 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（译林版）

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage

现在完成进行时

分析下列教材中的句子并体会它们的语法功能。

1．Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases，as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.

2．Despite the public argument over this technology，its possibilities have been creating much excitement throughout the entire medical community and beyond.

[我的发现]

句1和句2表示动作从过去某时持续到现在，也可能还继续进行。

一、现在完成进行时的构成

肯定式：have/has been doing

否定式：haven't/hasn't been doing

二、现在完成进行时的用法

1．表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作，可能刚刚停止，也可能还在继续进行，对现在有影响。

We have been looking for you for an hour.

我们一直在找你，已经找了一个小时了。

She has been teaching English since she graduated.她毕业后一直在教英语。

2．表示从过去某时到说话时为止一直不停重复的动作，常带有赞美、厌烦等感情色彩。

He has been calling on her several times this week.他这个星期来拜访过她好几次了。

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三、现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别

1．现在完成进行时强调动作的延续性，有时表示临时性质；现在完成时强调某个刚刚完成的动作，或某个过去的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果，也可表示延续性。

I have been thinking it over.我一直在考虑这件事。

I have thought it over.我已经考虑过这件事了。

2．一些静态动词往往用现在完成进行时，如lie，sit，rain，wait，stand等。而一些状态动词、感官动词或情感动词如see，feel，know，love等，不可用于现在完成进行时，但可以用于现在完成时。

I have known her for a long time.我认识她很久了。

3．现在完成进行时可以表示反复的不间断的动作，不能同具体数词或表示具体次数的词连用；现在完成时同某些频度副词或数词连用时，表示反复的但可能有间断的动作。

I've read this book three times.

这本书我已经读过三次了。

4．现在完成进行时有时含有感情色彩，而现在完成时一般是平铺直叙。

I have been waiting for you for two hours.

我一直等了你两个小时。(可能表示不满)

I have waited for you for two hours.

我等了你两个小时。(说明一个事实)

withdraw vi.&vt.脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供

(教材原句)After I lost my right hand in a car accident two years ago，I began to withdraw into myself.两年前，我在一场车祸中失去了右手，从此我开始自我封闭。

(1)withdraw...from...　 从……撤出/提取……

withdraw from...     从……撤出/退出

(2)withdrawal n.     撤走；收回；取回

[佳句]　The wolf might feel the threats from the people，starting to withdraw.In consequence，it ran away off the road and disappeared in the distance.这匹狼可能感觉到了来自人们的威胁，开始撤退。因此，它沿着公路跑掉了，消失在远方。

◎基础练透——单句语法填空

①Henry David Thoreau was happy to withdraw from social life，seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.

②If you experience any unusual symptoms after withdrawal (withdraw) of the treatment，contact your doctor.

◎能力提升——微写作

③她因腿伤不得不退出比赛。

She had to withdraw from the competition because of her leg injury.

equip vt.配备；使有能力

(教材原句)I was equipped with an artificial hand，but it did not feel like part of me.

我装了一只假手，但感觉它不像我的一部分。

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(1)equip...with...　　　 用……装备……，使……具备……

be equipped with     装备有……；配备有……

equip sb. for (doing) sth.

    使某人为(做)某事而准备；使某人具备(做)某事的条件

(2)equipment n.     装备；设备

a piece of equipment     一件设备

[佳句]　As our new stadium is equipped with advanced facilities，we have organized a variety of events in it.

因为新体育馆装备先进的设施，我们已在里面举办了各种各样的赛事。

[名师点津]　equipment是不可数名词，没有复数形式。

◎基础练透——单句语法填空

①The goal of the course is to equip people with the skills necessary for a job in this technological age.

②If it were not the modern equipment (equip)，such experiments would not be performed.

◎能力提升——句式升级

③He is equipped with much experience in teaching，so he is well respected by all his students.

→Equipped with much experience in teaching，he is well respected by all his students.(过去分词作状语)

→Equipping himself with much experience in teaching，he is well respected by all his students.(动词-ing 形式短语作状语)

disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的

(教材原句)Fortunately，one exciting new advance could help these physically disabled people lead a normal life again：robotic limbs.

幸运的是，一项令人兴奋的新进步可以帮助这些身体残疾的人重新过上正常的生活：机器人肢体。

(1)disable vt.　　　　 使残疾；使失去能力

disability n.     缺陷；障碍

(2)able adj.     有能力的；能干的