Unit 6 Section Ⅲ Using language-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（外研版）

Unit 6　Survival 主题语境：人与自然——生存 Section Ⅲ　Using language & Developing ideas 内容索引 细梳理 语篇研读 1 释疑难 语篇助解 2 查语基 夯基固本 3 查重点　分层突破 4 课时测评 5 细梳理 语篇研读 返回 Step One：Pre-reading Where is Mars？How much do you know about Mars? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Located at an average distance from the sun of 228 million kilometres，Mars is the fourth planet of the Solar System.Mars is also known as the Red Planet，because of its distinctive colour.Visible from Earth with the naked eye，Mars has played a central in the mythologies of many cultures，and in modern times it has exercised a fascination over all those interested in the search for extra-terrestrial life and the human colonization of other worlds. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mars is slightly more than half the size of Earth，with corresponding lower gravity.It's a dry，rocky planet，with white polar “ice” caps that consist mostly of frozen carbon dioxide.The average temperature on Mars is minus 63 degrees Celsius.A day on Mars is about as long as a day on Earth，plus about 39 minutes.Seasons and years are twice as long as they are on Earth. Since the 1960s，Mars has been the subject of several unmanned exploration missions.However，many such early missions failed. √ Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What's the main idea of the passage? A．The earth is a dangerous place. B．Mars is a better place for humans to live on. C．People are exploring another planet to replace the earth. D．Scientists have succeeded in growing plants on Mars. Ⅱ.Read for the structure replaceable close hostile　 1960s unmanned 25 skill，courage and intelligence months solar staying alive growing　 environmentally √ √ Ⅲ.Read for details 1．According to the passage，what is the most dangerous to life on our planet? A．Nuclear missiles. B．Environmental issues. C．Fossil fuels. D．Terrifying scenes in films. 2．Why is Mars the most likely choice? A．Because Mars has a moderate distance from Earth and suitable environment. B．Because Mars has attracted people since ancient times. C．Because we are interested in Martian exploration. D．Because The Martian is popular all over the world. √ √ 3．What can be inferred from Para.4? A．Mars is bound to be our second home. B．It is not possible to stay alive on Mars. C．Mars is farther from the earth than the moon is. D．Scientists have experimented with growing plants on Mars. 4．What does the author mean by saying “Right now，it's the only one we have！”？ A．Mars is the only planet we can live on. B．We should take much better care of Mars. C．Staying alive on Mars is impossible. D．We need to live on Earth at present. Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 1．Encouraged by discoveries over the years，space agencies of various countries are planning manned missions to Mars that could take place within the next 25 years. 尝试翻译　_____________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 过去分词短语作原因状语 定语从句 受多年来发现的鼓舞，各国航天机构正计划在未来25年内进行载人火星任务。 2．While the Moon can be reached within days，it would take months to reach Mars，travelling through dangerous solar radiation． 尝试翻译　______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 虽然到达月球只需要几天，但到达火星却需要几个月的时间，期间还要穿过危险的太阳辐射。 让步状语从句 动词-ing形式短语作伴随状语 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 教材佳句　Right now，it's the only one we have！(环境保护) 学后仿写　你是唯一可以阻止他的人。 _______________________ who can stop him. You are the only one Ⅲ.品质升华 1．What do you think is the biggest difficulty for humans to live on Mars？(Critical Thinking批判性思维) ________________________________________________________________ 2．Do you think humans will have to migrate to other planets someday？Why or why not？(Creative Thinking创造性思维) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 返回 How to get the oxygen，water and food to support life. No，I don't think so.What human beings should do is to make the planet more habitable instead of abandoning it. 释疑难 语篇助解 返回 [1][标题赏析]本标题简洁明了，直接点明文章大意是人类对移民火星的探索。 原文呈现 ①Plan B(第一方案不可行的情况下使用的)第二行动方案，次选方案 ②advanced/lower life forms高级/低级的生命形式 advanced/əd'vɑːnst/adj.高级的；先进的 ③wipe out彻底摧毁，消灭 ④nuclear missiles核导弹 nuclear/'njuːkliə/adj.核武器的 ⑤at the push of a button字面意思为“只要按一下按钮(用于强调机器容易操作)”，可引申为“轻易地，容易地”。 名师圈点 Plan B①：Life on Mars？[1] 1 In the 1960s and 1970s，the greatest fear was that the human race，and possibly all advanced life forms② on the planet，could be wiped out③ by nuclear missiles④，just at the push of a button⑤. 原文呈现 ⑥the risk to...对……的危害 ⑦lower this risk降低这种风险 lower 熟词生义 vt. 减少，降低 ⑧replace...with/by...用……替代…… replace vt.用……替换，以……接替 ⑨renewable energy可再生能源 ⑩terrifying scenes令人恐惧的场景 terrifying/'terɪfaɪɪŋ/adj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的 terrify vt.使惊吓，使恐惧 名师圈点 Today，however，environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk to⑥ life on Earth.Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk⑦，such as replacing coal and oil with⑧ forms of renewable energy⑨.But they are also preparing for the worst：what can we do if the terrifying scenes⑩ in films such as The Day After Tomorrow happen in real life？What is our Plan B for Earth? [2]画线部分中“to explore other planets”为动词不定式短语作表语；“to see...on them”为动词不定式短语作目的状语，其中if引导宾语从句，作动词see的宾语。 [3]画线部分为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语修饰先行词Mars；that替代了environment。 原文呈现 ⑪option/'ɒpʃn/n.可选择的事物，选择 have no option but to do sth没有选择只能做某事 ⑫hostile/'hɒstaɪl/adj.(生长环境)恶劣的 hostile conditions不利的环境 ⑬fascinate/'fæsɪneɪt/vt.&vi.深深吸引，迷住 ⑭Martian exploration火星探测 ⑮make efforts to do sth努力做某事 名师圈点 2 One option⑪ is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them[2]．The most likely choice is Mars，which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile⑫than that of other planets[3]．Mars has fascinated⑬people since ancient times，and today our interest in Martian exploration⑭is greater than ever before.Films such as The Martian enjoy worldwide popularity.More governments and organisations are making efforts to⑮ educate the public on the Red Planet，for example，the Mars Desert Research Station in the Utah desert of the US and the Mars Village in North-west China's Qinghai Province. [4]本句为主从复合句。“Encouraged...over the years”为过去分词短语作状语，encourage与其逻辑主语“space agencies of various countries”之间为动宾关系；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词manned missions to Mars。 原文呈现 ⑯unmanned spacecraft无人驾驶宇宙飞船 manned spacecraft载人宇宙飞船 manned missions载人任务 ⑰probe/prəʊb/n.(不载人)航天探测器，宇宙探测航天器 ⑱orbit/'ɔːbɪt/v.环绕……运行 ⑲stunning images令人惊奇的图像 stunning/'stʌnɪŋ/adj.极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的 ⑳space agencies航天局 agency/'eɪdʒ(ə)nsi/n.机构；(尤指政府的)局，部，处 名师圈点 3 Since the 1960s，we have been sending unmanned spacecraft⑯ to Mars.Our probes⑰ have orbited⑱ the planet，sending back valuable data and stunning images⑲.Our robots have explored the Martian surface，testing the soil and searching for resources，water and signs of life.Encouraged by discoveries over the years，space agencies⑳ of various countries are planning manned missions to Mars that could take place within the next 25 years.[4] [5]画线部分中that引导同位语从句，解释说明doubt的具体内容；“with...home”为介词短语作状语，其中包含“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 [6]画线部分中While作并列连词，连接两个并列分句，While意为“但是”，表示对比；“travelling through dangerous solar radiation”为动词-ing形式短语作伴随状语。 原文呈现 ㉑draw 熟词生义 vt. 吸引，使感兴趣 ㉒require/rɪ'kwaɪə(r)/vt.需要，依靠，依赖 ㉓solar radiation太阳辐射 ㉔settler/'setlə(r)/n.移民，殖民者 [词链]settle (vi.定居)→settlement (n.移民；定居点)→settler(n.移民，殖民者) ㉕biosphere/'baɪəʊsfɪə(r)/n.生物圈 名师圈点 4 There is no doubt that humankind is drawn㉑ towards Mars，with dreams of making it our second home.[5] However，sending people there will require㉒ all the skill，courage and intelligence of the human race.While the Moon can be reached within days，it would take months to reach Mars，travelling through dangerous solar radiation㉓.[6]And even if the first settlers㉔do reach Mars safely，they may not be able to return to Earth—ever.Staying alive will be a daily challenge，but as proved by the Biosphere㉕ 2 experiment， [7]画线部分中“in which...together”为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a closed space。 原文呈现 ㉖consist of由……组成，由……构成 consist/kən'sɪst/v.由……组成 ㉗function　熟词生义 vi.起作用，正常工作，运转 ㉘definitely/'defɪnətli/adv.肯定；没问题；当然；确实 名师圈点 not impossible.As early as the 1980s，scientists were building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert.It consisted of㉖ a closed space in which people，animals and plants could live together.[7]The “closed” concept meant that the space was designed to function㉗ with its own oxygen，food and water，needing nothing from the outside world.Although the two-year experiment was not a success，it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet.More recently，scientists have succeeded in growing a variety of plants in an environment similar to that on Mars.That definitely ㉘ is a big step forward. 原文呈现 ㉙in the meantime在此期间；与此同时 ㉚have a(n)…effect on...对……有……影响 名师圈点 5 For now，human settlement of Mars is still decades away.In the meantime㉙，scientific research shows that the planet Earth is getting warmer.This change is being caused by human activity and is having a terrible effect on㉚the biosphere.Until we are finally able to live on another planet，we need to take much better care of our own.Right now，it's the only one we have！ 文化采风 1．《后天》(The Day After Tomorrow)讲述了北半球因温室效应引起冰山融化，地球进入第二冰河期，龙卷风、海啸、地震在全球肆虐，整个纽约陷入冰河包围的故事。 2．《火星救援》(The Martian)讲述了由于一场沙尘暴，马克与他的团队失联，孤身一人置身于火星，又处于飞船损毁的困境，想方设法返回地球的故事。 3．生物圈2号(Biosphere 2)是一座微型人工生态循环系统，为了与生物圈1号(地球本身)区分而得此名。生物圈2号是在密闭状态下进行生态与环境研究，帮助人类了解地球是如何运作的。在1991至1993年的实验中，研究人员发现：生物圈2号内大气中的氧气与二氧化碳的比例无法自行达到平衡；生物圈2号内的水泥建筑物影响正常的碳循环；生物圈2号内物种多样性相对单一，多数动植物无法正常生长或生殖。“生物圈2号”的实验以失败告终。这证明了在已知的科学技术条件下，人类离开了地球将难以永续生存。 译文参考 第二行动方案：移民火星？ 1 在20世纪60和70年代，最大的恐惧就是只要按一下按钮，人类以及或许地球上所有高级的生命形式都可能会被核导弹消灭。然而，如今，环境问题已经取而代之，成为地球生命的最大威胁。科学家们正在想办法来降低这种风险，比如以可再生能源替代煤和石油。但是他们也在为最坏的情况做准备：如果《后天》等电影里的恐怖场景发生在现实生活当中，我们能怎么办？地球的第二行动方案是什么？ 2 一种选择是探索其他星球，看看人类能否在那里生存。可能性最大的选择是火星，它离地球相对较近，环境也没有其他星球那么恶劣。自古以来，火星就令无数人着迷，如今我们对火星探测的兴趣比以往任何时候都要强烈，《火星救援》这样的电影在世界各地广受欢迎。更多的政府和组织正在努力教育公众了解这颗红色星球，譬如美国犹他州荒漠中的火星沙漠研究站和中国西北部青海省的火星村。 3 自20世纪60年代以来，我们不断地向火星发送无人驾驶宇宙飞船。我们的航天探测器围绕火星运行，传回了宝贵的数据和令人惊奇的图像。我们的机器人已探索火星的表面，测试土壤，寻找资源、水和生命迹象。受到这些年发现的鼓舞，许多国家的航天局正在制订在未来25年内进行载人火星任务的计划。 4 毫无疑问，人类对火星充满兴趣，梦想着把它变成我们的第二个家园。不过，将人们送上火星需要人类全部的技能、勇气和智慧。虽然到达月球需要几天，但到达火星却需要数月，而且穿越危险的太阳辐射。即便第一批移民者确实能够安全抵达火星，也可能永远无法返回地球。生存将是日常挑战，不过，正如生物圈2号实验所证实的那样，(外星生存)并非不可能实现。早在20世纪80年代，科学家们就在亚利桑那州的沙漠中建造了生物圈2号。它由一个封闭的空间构成，人、动物和植物可以共同生活在其中。“封闭”这个概念意味着这个空间被设计用来完全依靠内部的氧气、食物和水运作，不借助外界任何东西。虽然这一为期两年的实验并未取得成功，但它确实让我们更好地明白了人类会如何有可能在另一星球生活。最近，科学家们在类似火星的环境中成功种植了多种植物。这无疑是一个巨大的进步。 返回 5 现在距离人类在火星定居还要几十年的时间。与此同时，科学研究表明，地球正在变暖。这种变化正由人类活动引起，并且正对生物圈有着严重影响。在最终能够在另一星球上生活之前，我们需要更好地照顾地球。它是我们现在唯一拥有的家园！ 查语基 夯基固本 返回 1．stay _________ 　　　 待在室内 2．a kind of solid ______ 一种固体燃料 3．______ her tears 擦掉她的眼泪 4．_______ the sun 环绕太阳运行 5．_________ of oxygen and hydrogen 由氧和氢组成 核心单词——练通 indoors fuel wipe orbit consist 1．_______ n．徒步旅行者，远足者 →hike v．去远足 2．____________ adj.乐观的；乐观主义的 →optimism n．乐观主义 →optimist n．乐观主义者 3．_____________ n．(精力、油、电等的)消耗量 →consume v．消耗→consumer n．消费者 4．_______ v．(作出)反应 →reaction n．反应，回应 拓展单词——用活 hiker optimistic consumption react 5．_________ adj.每月一次的 →month n．月，月份 6．__________ adj.先进的；高级的 →advance vi.前进；取得进展 n．进展，进步 7．____________ adj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的 →terrified adj.害怕的 →terror n．害怕，恐惧 →terrify v．使害怕 monthly advanced terrifying 8．_______ v．推断，推定 →inference n．推理，推论 9．________ v．使暴露(于险境) →exposure n．暴露，显露 →exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的 10．______ n．沙土，尘土 →dusty adj.布满灰尘的 infer expose dust 规律：形容词词缀“-ing”(令人……的)“-ed”(……的) 示例：terrify v．使害怕→terrifying adj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的→terrified adj.害怕的 frighten v．使惊恐→frightening adj.令人恐惧的→frightened adj.害怕的 surprise v．惊讶→surprising 令人惊讶的→surprised adj.惊讶的 掌握规律·巧记单词 1．a first-aid kit ______急救用品 2．be made of clay 由______做的 3．a cave more than 1，000 feet deep 1 000多英尺深的______ 4．supplement oil supplies _______石油供应 5．eliminate its negative effects ______其负面影响 6．brave firefighters 勇敢的__________ 7．bring blaze under control 控制住______ 阅读单词——识记 一套 黏土 洞穴 增加 消除 消防队员 大火 8．fierce winter weather ________冬季天气 9．nuclear missiles ____导弹 10．hostile environment ________环境 11．send unmanned spacecraft to Mars 向______发射__________ 12．Sitting in the capsule，astronauts send back stunning images. 坐在________里，________们发回了____________图像。 13．space agencies 航天______ 14．fallen tree trunk 倒下的______ 恶劣的 核 恶劣的 火星 无人飞船 太空舱 宇航员 令人惊奇的 机构 树干 第一组　汉译英 1．__________ 彻底摧毁，消灭 2．_______________________ 用……替代…… 3．________________________ 努力做某事 4．____________ 由……组成，由……构成 5．___________________________ 对……有……影响 重点短语——再现 wipe out replace...with/by... make efforts to do sth consist of have a(n)...effect on... 第二组　英译汉 6．at the push of a button __________ 7．the risk to... ______________ 8．in the meantime ____________________ 9．take care of _____________ 一按按钮 对……的危害 在此期间；与此同时 照顾，负责 根据课文语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．句型公式　动词-ing形式短语作伴随状语 教材原句　Our probes have orbited the planet，_______________________ and stunning images. 我们的探测器已经绕火星轨道运行，并发回了宝贵的数据和令人惊叹的 图像。 2．句型公式　There is no doubt that...毫无疑问…… 教材原句　______________________ humankind is drawn towards Mars，with dreams of making it our second home. 毫无疑问，人类被火星所吸引，梦想着把它作为我们的第二家园。 典型句式——默背 sending back valuable data There is no doubt that 3．句型公式　while引导让步状语从句 教材原句　_____________________________________________，it would take months to reach Mars，travelling through dangerous solar radiation. 到达月球只需要几天的时间，而到达火星却需要数月的时间，并且其间要经历危险的太阳辐射。 4．句型公式　同类替代 教材原句　More recently，scientists have succeeded in growing a variety of plants in an environment similar to _______________． 最近，科学家们成功地在类似火星的环境中培育出了各种各样的植物。 返回 While the Moon can be reached within days that on Mars 查重点　分层突破 返回 1 bring...under control使……处于控制之下 in control of　　　 控制…… in the control of 由……控制，被……控制 under control 在控制之中 out of control 失去控制 lose control of 失去对……的控制 take control of 控制…… beyond control 无法控制 Ⅰ. 核心词汇练全 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Owing to circumstances_________our control，the lecture was cancelled.It was really a pity. ②With more effective measures put in place，the disease has been brought _______ control. ③他站起来，穿过房间，紧紧地拥抱我，不受控制地哭起来。(读后续写之动作＋情绪描写) He rose to his feet，crossed the room and hugged me tightly，_____________ __________． beyond under crying out of control 2 react v．(作出)反应 (1)react to sb/sth　 对某人/某事物作出反应；回应 react against... 反对，反抗…… react with sth 与某物发生化学反应 (2)reaction n. 反应，回应；化学反应 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I didn't imagine he should have _________ so strongly to what had happened，and his __________ annoyed most of us.(react) ②Children tend to react _________ their parents by going against their wishes. ③因为我们不知道杰克对这些装饰品会有什么反应，所以我们很小心地把装饰品挂得很高。(读后续写之情感描写) Since we didn't know how Jake ____________________________，we were careful to put the decorations up high. reacted reaction against would react to the decorations 3 advanced adj.高级的；先进的 advance v．　　 前进；促进；提前 　 　　 n. 前进；进步 make an advance/advances in 在某方面有进步/发展 in advance (＝ahead of time) 提前 in advance of 在……之前；比……进步 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He was told that the date of the meeting ___________________(advance) by four days. ②We have made many __________(advance) in technological innovation in the past fifty years. ③China has made great advances ____ science and technology in the past decade. ④为了更好地理解唐诗，建议你提前学习一些唐朝简史。(应用文之建 议信) In order to acquire a better understanding of Tang poems，you are advised to ___________________________________________________________． had been advanced advances in learn some brief history of the Tang Dynasty in advance 4 terrifying adj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的 (1)terrify vt.　　　 　 使恐惧，使害怕 (2)terrified adj. 恐惧的，害怕的 be terrified of (doing) sth 害怕(做)某事 be terrified at/by/with... 因……而害怕 be terrified (that) ... 害怕…… (3)terror n. 害怕，恐惧 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①It was ____________(terrify) for us，as we were shaken by the waves. ②________ (terrify)，Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew. ③她被眼前看到的东西吓了一跳。(读后续写之情感描写) →_____________________________________ (terrified) →______________________________ (terrify) errifying Terrified She was terrified at/by/with what she saw. What she saw terrified her. 5 consist of由……构成，由……组成 (1)consist vi.　　　 组成；在于；一致 consist of＝be made up of＝be composed of 由……组成；由……构成 (2)consist in＝lie in 在于；存在于 consist with 和……一致；相符 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The true wealth does not consist ____ what we have，but in what we are. ②The new airport，____________(consist) of a main terminal and a parking lot，covers an area of about 1.4 million square meters. ③这次展览包括几十幅中国著名艺术家的杰作。(应用文之通知) The exhibition _____________________________painted by Chinese famous artists. in consisting consists of dozens of masterpieces 名师点津　consist of不用于进行时态和被动语态。 6 expose vt.使暴露(于险境)；使接触；使体验 (1)expose sth/sb/oneself to... 使某物/某人/自己暴露于…… (2)exposed adj. 无遮蔽的；无保护的 be exposed to 暴露于；经受 (3)exposure n. 暴露，显露 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①We should expose our children ____ difficult situations from time to time and such __________ (expose) will make them handle challenges better. ②我从小接触国画，能让游客更加了解国画。(应用文之申请信) _________________________ Chinese paintings since my childhood，I can get visitors know more about them. to exposure Having been exposed to Ⅰ.一词多义——consumption n. A．(精力、油、电等的)消耗量　B．消费 1．The overall consumption scale is expected to reach 201 billion yuan this year. ______ 2．According to the research，gas and oil consumption always increases in cold weather. ______ Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas. __________ 2．Before departure，I managed to heave the trunk down the stairs. __________ 认知深化 B A n．热情 n.行李箱 句型公式：There is no doubt that...毫无疑问…… (教材原句)There is no doubt that humankind is drawn towards Mars，with dreams of making it our second home. 毫无疑问，人类被火星所吸引，梦想着把它作为我们的第二家园。 (1)There is (some) doubt whether... 对……持有疑问 (2)I doubt whether/if... 我怀疑是否…… I don't doubt that... 我确信…… Ⅱ. 典型句式讲透 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I have no doubt ______ you will succeed，but I doubt whether/if you have really got everything ready. ②毫无疑问，你有足够的资格和经验来表达你的想法，因为你有丰富的技能。(应用文之邀请信) _______________________ you are qualified enough and experienced in presenting your ideas，because of your abundant skills. 名师点津　(1)doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中接whether(不可用if)引导的同位语从句；在否定句中用that引导同位语从句。(2)当doubt用作动词时，在肯定句中接whether或if引导的宾语从句；在否定句、疑问句中后跟that引导的宾语从句。 返回 that There is no doubt that 课时测评 返回 维度一　品句填词(每小题1分，共10分) 1．They built a primitive shelter out of the tree ________ (树干)． 2．Coal ____________ (组成) mostly of carbon is the secondary energy in this country. 3．It is said that a Russian space _________ (太空舱) is currently orbiting the Earth. 4．I __________ (推断) from what she said that you have not been well. 5．These __________ (机构) offer rewarding guidance to people starting their own businesses. 语境基础练 trunks consisting capsule inferred agencies 6．He is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest __________ (宇航员) in the world. 7．The burning of fossil _______(燃料) results in the pollution of the atmosphere. 8．As we all know，the earth ________(环绕……运行) the sun. 9．Then the f______ competition started，taking away the audience's breath. 10．During the monthly hike，I appreciate whatever I can see，which w_____ out my stress. astronauts fuels orbits ierce ipes 维度二　词形转换(每小题1分，共8分) 1．It was owing to his __________(optimistic) and perseverance that he was admitted into Peking University. 2．As a matter of fact，the _____________(consume) ratings also have their defects to some extent. 3．I still remember his __________ (react) when the teacher told him to rewrite his paper. optimism consumption reaction 4．After his ____________(terrify) adventure，Mac felt relieved when he reached home safe and sound. 5．___________(expose) to the sun can accelerate the aging process. 6．It's been years since they were _______(dust) little rooms with books. 7．The researchers hope to make ____________(infer) about how information is organized in a person's memory. 8．___________(advance) as technology has become now，we still have no cure for this kind of disease. terrifying Exposure dusty inferences Advanced 维度三　固定搭配和句式(每小题3分，共15分) 1．这部短片由两部分组成，介绍了我们学校的现状。(consist of) The short film，________________________，introduces the present situation of our school. 2．爱丽丝望着窗外，想象着她上班的第一天，担心自己是否能胜任这份新工作。(动词-ing形式短语作伴随状语) Alice looked out of the window and imagined her first day at work，_________________________________________________． consisting of two parts worrying whether she was capable of the new job 3．我要搬到农村去，因为那里的空气比城市里清新得多。(同类替代) I'm moving to the countryside because the air there is ____________________ in the city. 4．虽然旅游可以开阔你的视野，但花太多时间和金钱在旅游上可不是个好主意。(while引导让步状语从句) ____________________________________，it's not a good idea to spend too much time and money on it. 5．毫无疑问，通往成功的道路是不平坦的，所以我们应该勇敢地面对。(there is no doubt that...) ___________________________________________________，so we should be brave to face it. much fresher than that While traveling can broaden your horizon There is no doubt that the journey to success is not smooth 维度四　教材知识迁移 (每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确 形式。 Human beings are faced with serious 1._______________ (environment) problems，which lead scientists to consider moving to Mars 2._______ the environment is less hostile than 3.____ of other planets.Mars 4._____________ (fascinate) people since ancient times and relevant movies also gain much 5.____________ (popular)．Some spacecrafts and robots 6.________________ (send) to explore Mars since the 1960s， environmental where that has fascinated popularity have been sent encouraging more 7.___________ (country) to plan manned missions.There is no doubt that humankind is drawn towards Mars despite some challenges，8._____ human settlement of Mars is still decades away.We have to admit that 9.____________ (protect) our earth is the most urgent step right now.We need to take much better care of 10._____ (we) own planet. countries but protecting our Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2024·安徽省安庆市高二上期中) Valerie Bolduc is exploring a path under a four-lane highway to fit wildlife cameras，when she gets stuck in the mud.“I am really stuck，” says the road ecology student，trying to pull her feet out of a streambed that travels through the concrete culvert (涵洞) of Quebec Route 117.“I do not want to be a deer going through that.” Bolduc's dilemma makes evident the risks for wild animals using the same path. 素能提升练 A warming climate is pushing many animals to migrate toward higher latitudes (纬度) to remain within their desirable environments，but that comes with risks as they cross dangerous areas，such as highways.In eastern Canada，Bolduc and other researchers and conservationists are trying to preserve safe corridors (走廊) for wildlife. The motion-activated cameras they have brought will record which species are using the tunnels.An outward-facing camera will identify what animals approach but do not enter，perhaps prevented by traffic noise，the tunnel's size or other factors. Bolduc explains that this highway running through southern Quebec separates a series of Canadian national and regional parks on either side，along with their animal populations.“It's super important，” she notes，“because the animals want to move north and they encounter these and then can they move through？Will they get hit by a car？We'll need to figure that out.And we need to help them，at least I want to help them.” After finishing fitting their cameras on the northbound side of the highway，Bolduc and her team decide they need an alternate path to the other side to avoid another misfortune in the mud.“We're generally trying to be safe，” Bolduc says，“but for the animals，this is their life！” 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是Valerie Bolduc及其他研究人员通过安装动态摄像机为动物迁徙寻找路径。 1．What can we learn from Bolduc's experience of being trapped? A．It is difficult to fit wildlife cameras. B．She is out of luck during the exploration. C．Road conditions of the highway are unexpected. D．It is dangerous for wild animals to cross this area. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Bolduc's dilemma makes evident the risks for wild animals using the same path.”可知，我们能从博尔达克被困的经历中学到野生动物穿过这个地区是危险的。故选D。 √ 2．What do these animals move to higher latitudes for? A．Less traffic noise. B．Warmer climate. C．Safe corridors. D．Favorable environments. 细节理解题。根据第三段的“A warming climate is pushing many animals...such as highways.”可知，这些动物迁移到高纬度地区是为了有利的环境。故选D。 √ 3．What function is expected of the wildlife cameras? A．To record the changes in traffic flow. B．To figure out difficulties wild animals face. C．To track animals in and around the tunnels. D．To photograph the living environment of wild animals. 推理判断题。根据第四段“The motion-activated cameras...the tunnel's size or other factors.”可知，野生动物摄像机的功能是用来追踪隧道内外的动物。故选C。 √ 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．High Tech Protects Wildlife B．Animal Migration Is under Threat C．Ecologists Fear the Future of Wildlife D．Researchers Seek Paths for Animals to Migrate 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Valerie Bolduc is exploring a path under a four-lane highway to fit wildlife cameras，when she gets stuck in the mud.”和第三段的“In eastern Canada，Bolduc and other researchers and conservationists are trying to preserve safe corridors(走廊) for wildlife.”可知，本文主要讲的是Valerie Bolduc及其他研究人员通过安装动态摄像机为动物迁徙寻找路径。故D项最适合作文章标题，故选D。 √ B (2024·广东省深圳市高二上期中) Australian magpies (喜鹊) are common in Australia，loved and feared in equal measure.The fear arises from the fact that nesting females aggressively dive at animals—including，or perhaps especially，humans—often drawing blood.The love comes from the fact that they are simply everywhere，easy to identify，and possessed of a song that has come to represent the sound of nature. And also，they seem rather clever.Now，research by zoologists at the University of Wester Australia has corroborated this—but their levels of intelligence are dependent on the size of the group they belong to. To reach this conclusion，the Australian scientist examined 56 birds from 14 groups of wild magpies living in the suburbs of Western Australia's capital city，Perth.The groups ranged between 3 and 12 individuals.Each magpie—tested separately to avoid the risk of it getting help from its mates—was put through four tasks that tested its cognitive(认知的)abilities.These included finding food hidden in a transparent container，finding food hidden in differently colored containers，and a memory test involving finding hidden food.Adult and young birds were tested repeatedly and the results were clear.The birds that lived in larger groups were quicker to master the tasks than those that lived in smaller ones.The difference between intelligent big group members and less intelligent little group members appeared very early in the birds' lives. In a paper published in the journal Nature，lead author Benjamin Ashton and his colleagues report that birds living in large groups “show increased cognitive performance”．Moreover，this “general intelligence factor”is strongly linked to reproductive (生殖的)success in females. Ashton suggests that the findings indicate the evolution of intelligence is influenced by pressures present in a complex social group.“Our results suggest that the social environment plays a key role in the development of cognition，” he says. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是澳大利亚的科学家们发现，澳大利亚的喜鹊的智力水平与它们所属的群体大小密切相关。 5．Which word best describes Australians' feelings about Australian magpies?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A．Frightened. B．Loving. C．Mixed. D．Tolerant. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Australian magpies (喜鹊) are common in Australia，loved and feared in equal measure.”可知澳大利亚人对澳大利亚的喜鹊又爱又恨，有着复杂的情感。故选C。 √ 6．What does the underlined word “corroborated” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Assessed. B．Confirmed. C．Disapproved. D．Doubted. 词义猜测题。根据第二段段首“And also，they seem rather clever.”以及画线词后的句子“but their levels of intelligence are dependent on the size of the group they belong to”可知，此处表示科学家们的研究实证了澳大利亚的喜鹊是很聪明的。故画线词的意思是“证实”，与B选项为同义词。故选B。 √ 7．How were the magpies treated in the research? A．They were allowed to seek help. B．They were put in containers. C．They were divided into some groups. D．They were studied individually. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Each magpie—tested separately to avoid the risk of it getting help from its mates—was put through four tasks that tested its cognitive(认知的)abilities.”可知，在研究中，每只喜鹊都单独被测试(以避免它们向伙伴寻求帮助)。故选D。 √ 8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Magpies seem to be more social birds B．Magpies in small groups often perform better C．Large-group living increases magpies' intelligence D．Cognitive levels affect magpies' reproductive success 标题归纳题。根据第二段“And also，they seem rather clever.”和第三段“The birds that lived in larger groups were quicker to master the tasks than those that lived in smaller ones.”以及最后一段“Our results suggest that the social environment plays a key role in the development of cognition.”和通读全文可知，文章讲述的是科学家们通过研究发现，生活在大群体中的喜鹊能够更快地做任务，并且表现出了较高的认知水平。故C项最适合作文章标题，故选C。 √ Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2024·广东省肇庆市高二上期中) The story started with the killing of a 19-year-old female elephant at the hands of hunters in northern Kenya in 2016.Her two calves (幼崽) then started a journey to the area where their mother 1._______________________(kill)． They were too young to deal with the hidden danger in the wild 2.________ the protection of adults. was killed/had been killed without According to that sad but inspiring true story，elephant-lover Sun Xiao wrote a children's book Samburu，I'm Back.Sun is 3.______ witness to the story told in his book.He was，at the time，in Kenya working for Save the Elephants，a UK charity 4.___________ (base) in Nairobi，capital of Kenya.When he and his peers found the two calves wandering in the wild，they tried to change their course.5.__________ (lucky)，through great efforts they managed to transport them to an elephant reserve. a based Luckily In the past decade，Sun 6.____________ (devote) himself to spreading knowledge of elephants via a 7.________ (various) of methods，such as writing children's storybooks 8.___________ (feature) the elephants，sharing photos he took of elephants 9.______ posting hundreds of articles he wrote on social networks.He intended to raise public awareness of the urgent need to protect the creatures from hunters，10.______ kill them for their ivory tusks. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大象爱好者孙晓写了一本儿童读物《桑布鲁，我回来了》，讲述的是一只19岁的母象被猎人杀死。 然后，她的两只幼崽开始前往它们的母亲被杀害的地区。 has devoted variety featuring and who 1．答案：was killed/had been killed 2．答案：without 考查动词的时态、语态。主语与谓语构成被动关系，此处可用一般过去时的被动语态，也可用过去完成时的被动语态，表示“过去的过去”。又因主语是第三人称单数形式，故填was killed/had been killed。 考查介词。后跟名词作宾语，表示“没有”应用介词without。故填without。 3．答案：a 4．答案：based 考查冠词。witness为可数名词，此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知base在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语a UK charity构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填based。 5．答案：Luckily 6．答案：has devoted 考查副词。修饰后文整个句子，应用副词luckily，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Luckily。 考查时态。根据上文In the past decade可知为现在完成时，主语为Sun，助动词用has。故填has devoted。 7．答案：variety 8．答案：featuring 考查固定短语。结合句意表示“各种各样的”可知短语为a variety of。故填variety。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，feature在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语storybooks构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填featuring。 9．答案：and 10．答案：who 考查连词。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词hunters，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故用关系代词who。故填who。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 ！ 返回 $