Unit 6 Section Ⅱ Starting out-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（外研版）

Section Ⅱ　Starting out & Understanding ideas—Language points ◎核心单词——练通 1．track the thieves　　　　　　 追踪小偷 2．urban migration 城市迁徙 3．garbage collection 垃圾收集 4．a crucial factor 一个至关重要的因素 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．crime n．罪，罪行→criminal n．罪犯 adj.犯罪的 2．suburb n．郊区，城郊→suburban adj.郊区的；市郊的 3．greedy adj.贪婪的，贪心的→greed n．贪婪；渴望→greedily adv.贪婪地；贪心地 学生用书第146页 4．commit v．犯(错误或罪行)→commitment n．承诺；保证；献身；投入→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的 5．container n．容器→contain v．包含，含有；容纳；克制，抑制(感情) 6．estimate v．估计，估算→estimation n．估计，评价 7．migratory adj.迁徙的→migrate v．移栖，迁徙→migration n．迁徙→migrant n．移民 8．appreciate v．欣赏；赏识→appreciation n．欣赏；感激→appreciative adj.赞赏的；感激的 9．restrict v．限制，控制→restriction n．限制；限定→restrictive adj.限制性的 规律：形容词后缀“-ative” 示例：appreciate v．欣赏；赏识→appreciative adj.赞赏的；感激的 create v．创造→creative adj.创造性的 cooperate v．合作→cooperative adj.合作的 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．foxes in London 伦敦的狐狸 2．in a seaside suburb 在一个海边郊区 3．scare away predators 吓跑捕食者 4．welcome the newcomer 欢迎新来者 5．flourish in a damp climate 在潮湿的气候下生长茂盛 6．lamb kebabs 羊肉串 7．garlic bread 大蒜面包 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．have no choice but to do sth 别无选择只好做某事 2．in their way 挡路；妨碍 3．out of reach 够不着；达不到 4．under construction 在建造中 5．adapt to... 适应…… 第二组　英译汉 6．fit in with 适应；适合；与……一致 7．crash into 闯入；撞到……上 8．amount to 总计为 9．get a taste for 尝一尝/体验/感受…… ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．句型公式　no matter how引导让步状语从句 教材原句　No matter how many crimes he committed，the police were powerless to arrest him. 不管他犯下多少罪行，警察都无力逮捕他。 2．句型公式　as引导时间状语从句 教材原句　As our cities become greener，they offer increasingly appealing spaces to animals looking for new habitats. 随着我们的城市绿化率不断提高，它们为寻找新栖息地的动物提供越来越有吸引力的空地。 3．句型公式　形容词短语作状语 教材原句　Unable to distinguish between blue sky and glass，birds crash into windows at speeds of about 50 kilometres per hour. 由于无法区分蓝天和玻璃，(有的)鸟儿会以每小时50公里的速度撞向窗户。 4．句型公式　“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装 教材原句　Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats. 只有到那时，我们才能期许和谐共享我们的城市栖息地。 学生用书第147页 Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 greedy adj.贪婪的，贪心的 (1)be greedy for...对……贪婪/渴望 be greedy to do sth 渴望做某事 (2)greed n. 贪心；贪婪；贪欲 (3)greedily adv. 贪婪地；贪心地 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The rat picked up the bone with his swift paws and began to bite it greedily(greedy). ②The roots of the plant are greedy for water. ③得知你很想在这个暑假学习功夫，所以我写信给你一些相关的信息，告诉你在哪里学。(应用文之建议信) Knowing that you are greedy to learn Kungfu this summer vacation，I'm writing to extend some relevant information on where to learn it. appreciate v．欣赏；赏识 (1)appreciate (one's) doing sth 感激(某人)做某事 I would appreciate it if... 如果……我将不胜感激 (2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激 (3)appreciative adj. 赞赏的；感激的 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Here I sincerely express my appreciation (appreciate) if you could help find the lost suitcase. ②I appreciate being given(give) the opportunity to work in your company. ③如果您能考虑一下我的邀请，我将不胜感激。(应用文之邀请信) I would appreciate it if you could take my invitation into account. [名师点津]　(1)appreciate后面不能接动词不定式。 (2)appreciate不用于进行时。它表示“感谢”时，常接“事”作宾语，与thank 刚好相反，thank 常构成“thank sb for sth(因某事而感谢某人)”结构。 (3)当appreciate，hate，dislike，love，like，depend on等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。 fit in with 适应；符合；与……一致 fit sb/sth　　　　　适合某人/某物 fit in 相适应；相融合 be fit for 适合 keep fit 保持健康 用fit的相关短语填空/完成句子 ①I climb up and down the stairs every morning to keep fit． ②I am sorry to hear that it is difficult for you to fit in with your new school. ③如果你认为自己适合这份工作，请于6月10日之前将简历发送到www.schoolenglishnewspaper.com。(应用文之招聘广告) If you think you are fit for the job，please send your resume to www.schoolenglishnewspaper.com before June 10. 学生用书第148页 crucial adj.至关重要的，关键性的 be crucial to　　对……至关重要 It is crucial that...(should)... ……是至关重要的 完成句子 毫无疑问，海洋对人类的发展至关重要，因此，我们应该采取紧急措施保护海洋免受进一步的破坏，这是至关重要的。(应用文之环境保护) There is no doubt that oceans are crucial to the development of human beings，so it is crucial that we (should) take urgent measures to protect oceans from being further destroyed. restrict v．限制，控制 (1)restrict...to...　把……限制/控制/保持在…… restrict sb to (doing) sth 约束某人做某事 be restricted to 限制(在某范围) (2)restriction n. 限制；限定 (3)restrictive adj. 限制性的 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It's crucial that access to the club should be restricted to members only. ②I am sorry to tell you that you have broken the speed restriction (restrict). ③我们最好限制屏幕时间每次在一个小时之内，然后我们可以在室内锻炼。(应用文之建议信) We'd better restrict screen time to one hour at a time and then we can take exercise indoors. Ⅰ.一词多义——commit A．v.花(钱或时间)　B．v.做出(错或非法的事)；犯(罪或错等)　 C．v.承诺，保证 1．He has committed a crime and should be condemned. B 2．The President is committed to reforming health care. C 3．The council has committed large amounts of money to housing projects. A Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．Fox is not taken twice in the same trap.聪明人 2．The young boy is greedy for knowledge.渴望的 3．A container is a very large metal or wooden box used for transporting goods so that they can be loaded easily onto ships and lorries.集装箱，货柜 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：“only＋状语”置于句首的部分倒装 (教材原句)Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats. 只有那时，我们才能展望与它们和谐分享城市栖息地。 此句中的Only then can we look是“only＋副词”置于句首引起的部分倒装，其用法如下： (1)“only＋副词/介词短语/状语从句”置于句首，句子要用部分倒装语序。 (2)“only＋状语从句”置于句首时，主句倒装，从句不倒装。 完成句子/句式升级 ①这时我才明白，一个小小的关心，也许就能化解别人内心的寂寞。(读后续写之主旨升华句) Only then did I realize that a small gesture of care would possibly melt others' inner loneliness． ②只有遵循以上建议，你的情况才能得到改善。(应用文写作之建议信) Only by following the above suggestions can you get your situation improved． 学生用书第149页 ③You will be aware of the importance of keeping a balance between work and relaxation only when your health breaks down. → Only when your health breaks down will you be aware of the importance of keeping a balance between work and relaxation.(倒装句) 课时测评16　Section Ⅰ、Ⅱ　Starting out & Understanding ideas— Reading comprehension & Language points (时间：45分钟　满分：68分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　品句填词(每小题1分，共8分) 1．I suppose this kind of floral plant flourishes(生长茂盛) in a wet and warm climate. 2．As we all know，the fresh air at the seaside(海滨的) is good for health. 3．How much jewellery did these thieves(贼) steal from the household? 4．The evidence shows that modern industry has been concentrated in a few urban(城市的) centres. 5．It is estimated (估算) that smoking causes 100，000 premature deaths every year. 6．The new college will be situated in the suburb(郊区) of the city，far from the airline. 7．How to keep positive is crucial to improving learning efficiency. 8．They make a commitment to recycle their garbage because they care about the environment. 维度二　词形转换(每小题1分，共6分) 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them，though，one steamer basket is rarely enough，yet two seems greedy(greed)... 2．In most people's eyes she was nothing more than a common criminal(crime). 3．They make my eyes glisten with appreciation (appreciate) and joy. 4．For one-third of the world's birds，migration (migrate) is an instinct caused by seasonal changes in weather and lack of food. 5．The company's success this year would not have been possible without the commitment (commit) and dedication of the staff. 6．To make animals move safely，the government places a restriction(restrict) on the speed of cars. 维度三　固定搭配和句式(每小题3分，共15分) 1．如果您能给我一些关于如何解决这些问题的建议，我将不胜感激。 (appreciate) I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice on how to solve these problems. 2．交换感激和希望的话语的时候，我们紧紧地拥抱在一起，泪水顺着我们的脸流了下来。(as引导时间状语从句) We hugged tightly，tears streaming down both our faces as we exchanged words of gratitude and hope． 3．无论我经历了多少次失败，我都不会放弃最初的理想。 No matter how many failures I have experienced，I will not give up my initial ambition. 4．我无法控制自己的情绪，放声大哭，没有人能减轻我深深的痛苦。 Unable to control my emotions，I burst into tears and nobody could ease me of my deep pains. 5．只有努力工作，我们才有可能成功。(“only＋状语”位于句首的倒装) Only by working hard can we have a chance to succeed/of success． 维度四　教材知识迁移 (每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Animals are 1.frequently(frequent) reported to appear in cities，like London，San Francisco and Hong Kong.It seems as if our cities are being taken over by wild animals.2.It is generally believed that urban 3.development(develop) and climate change are responsible for animals' entering our cities.However，we must consider that it is we human beings that have moved into animals' territory. It is an obvious fact 4.that our cities appeal to wild animals very much.For one thing，they are quite out of reach from their natural predators and are able to live more safely.For another，they can find food more easily from the leftovers 5.thrown(throw) away by human beings.Some wild animals are so 6.intelligent(intelligence) that they can figure out very difficult problems.Some wild animals even have changed their living habits 7.to fit(fit) in with their new homes.Besides，with more high-rise buildings 8.showing(show) up in the city，lots of birds get killed by crashing 9.into the glass windows.Some even have to change their migratory routes due to the high buildings. As many animals have got used to living in cities，we human beings ought to learn to appreciate our new 10.neighbours(neighbour).Only in this way can we live in peace with the animals. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2分，共14分) A (2024·安徽省六安市高二上期中) Discover how you can help endangered species! Volunteer to help conserve endangered species around the world with GoEco. Sea turtles，Sri Lanka The species is threatened by human hunters.The Sri Lankan government has approved the creation of hatcheries (孵化场) in order to protect this species.Volunteers on this program spend 60% of their time working in the hatchery and the other 40% is spent on activities such as beach cleanups and creating awareness within the local community. Program Fees：$1，280 for 2 weeks and $1，680 per month for volunteers. Wildlife Rescue，Western Australia Adult kangaroos and wallabies are hunted for food，leaving thousands of their babies without parents.Many are killed or injured in road accidents.At the wildlife rescue center in Perth，Western Australia，volunteers live and help in the bushland caring for sick，injured，and displaced animals. Program Fee：$2，095 for four weeks.Volunteers stay on-site in a small room.Due to very limited space，applications must be sent at least 9-12 months in advance. Endangered Species Reserve，South Africa The project will give you an incredible wildlife experience while learning about conservation efforts.For the rest of the time between monitoring sessions，volunteers are required to enter all the data that they have collected into our databases.At times，volunteers need to operate on night shifts.We also give lectures and presentations over the lunch period. Program Fee：$1，750 for 2 weeks. Big Cat Refuge，South Africa As a volunteer on this project，you will be involved in a wide variety of activities.Volunteer's work ranges from enrichment activities，such as toy-making and farm work，to educating the visitors.Volunteers will also directly care for the cats by preparing food or feeding them as well as maintaining their living space. Program Fee：$1，450 for 2 weeks. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项世界上不同地方保护动物的志愿活动。 1．What is the monthly project fee for volunteers in Sri Lanka? A．$1，280. B．$1，680. C．$2，560. D．$2，960. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据Sea turtles，Sri Lanka部分中的“Program Fees：$1，280 for 2 weeks and $1，680 per month for volunteers.”可知，在斯里兰卡做志愿者每月需支付的费用是$1 680。故选B。 2．What is required of volunteers for the project in Western Australia? A．Having previous experience. B．Working night shifts sometimes. C．Applying for the project in advance. D．Having a good knowledge of wildlife. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据Wildlife Rescue，Western Australia部分中的“Due to very limited space，applications must be sent at least 9-12 months in advance.”可知，志愿者要想参与在西澳大利亚的项目需要提前申请。故选C。 3．What can volunteers do for the project Big Cat Refuge? A．Study the habits of big cats. B．Help to sell some toys about cats. C．Guide visitors to the habitat of the cats. D．Do daily routines in the cats' living space. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据Big Cat Refuge，South Africa部分中的“Volunteers will also directly care for the cats by preparing food or feeding them as well as maintaining their living space.”可知，该项目的志愿者要在猫科动物生活的地方做一些照顾它们的日常工作。故选D。 B (2024·辽宁东北育才学校月考) Wildlife populations around the world are facing dramatic declines，according to new figures that have led environmental campaigners to call for urgent action to rescue the natural world.The 2022 Living Planet Index (LPI)，produced by the Zoological Society of London (ZSL)，reveals that studied populations of mammals，birds，reptiles (爬行动物) and fish have seen an average decline of 69 per cent since 1970，faster than previous predictions.The LPI tracked global biodiversity between 1970 and 2018，based on the monitoring of a population of 31，821 of 5，230 vertebrate (脊椎动物)species.Mark Wright of WWF says the degree of decline is destructive and continues to worsen.“We are not seeing any really positive signs that we are beginning to bend the curve of nature，” he says. Freshwater vertebrates have been among the hardest-hit populations，with monitored populations showing an average decline of 83 per cent since 1970.The Amazon River Dolphin，for example，has experienced a 65 per cent decline in its population between 1994 and 2016.Meanwhile，some of the most biodiverse regions of the world are seeing the steepest falls in wildlife，with the Caribbean and central and south America seeing average wildlife population declined by 94 per cent since 1970.Habitat loss and reduction is the largest driver of wildlife loss in all regions around the world，followed by species over exploitation by hunting，fishing or poaching (偷猎). In December，2022，governments from around the world gathered in Montreal，Canada，for COP15，a much-delayed summit that aims to agree on a set of new targets intended to prevent the loss of animals，plants and habitats globally by 2030.“This is a once-in-a-decade opportunity that's coming up，” says Robin Freeman of the ZSL.He says it is crucial that governments use the summit to agree on “meaningful，well measurable targets and goals”．“We need governments to take action to ensure that those goals deal with the complicated combined threats of climate change and biodiversity，in order for us to see a meaningful action，” says Freeman.But some researchers are critical of the LPI's use of a headline figure of decline，warning it is easy to be misunderstood. The findings don't mean all species or populations worldwide are in decline.In fact，it is estimated that approximately half the populations show a stable or increasing trend，and half show a declining trend.“I think a more appropriate and useful way to look at it is to focus on specific species or populations，” says Hannah Ritchie at Our World in Data.But Wright says the LPI is a useful tool that reflects the findings of other biodiversity indicators.“All of those show they all scream that there is something going really very badly wrong，” says Wright. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了世界各地的野生动物数量正急剧下降，世界各国政府齐聚加拿大蒙特利尔，集思广益，制订计划拯救自然界。 4．What does the underlined phrase“bend the curve of nature”in the first paragraph mean? A．Loving and protecting nature. B．Preserving the diversity of nature. C．Underestimating the benefits of nature. D．Destroying and changing nature. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“...studied populations of mammals，birds，reptiles (爬行动物) and fish have seen an average decline of 69 per cent since 1970”和“Mark Wright of WWF says the degree of decline is destructive and continues to worsen.”可知，上文谈到了地球生物多样性丧失的问题。根据画线部分所在句“We are not seeing any really positive signs that we are beginning to...”再结合上文提到的问题可推知，此处指 Mark Wright表示他没有看到人类有真正拯救地球生物多样性的积极迹象。由此可推断出，画线短语的意思与B项(保护自然的多样性)意思相近。故选B。 5．What does the author want to show by mentioning the Amazon River Dolphin in Paragraph 2? A．The number of Amazon River Dolphins is on the rise. B．Freshwater vertebrates are at risk of extinction. C．There are no positive measures to protect nature. D．Some of the world's wild animals are in decline. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Freshwater vertebrates have been among the hardest-hit populations...The Amazon River Dolphin，for example...and 2016.”可知，作者提到亚马孙河海豚是为了表明淡水脊椎动物一直是受影响最严重的种群之一，由此可推知一些淡水脊椎动物面临灭绝的危险。故选B。 6．What can we learn about people's reaction to the issue mentioned in the passage? A．It makes sense to focus on a particular species. B．Preventing the loss of habitats by 2030 is certain to happen. C．The new agreement on the prevention of habitat loss will be in vain. D．The Caribbean wildlife has been well protected in recent decades. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I think a more appropriate and useful way to look at it is to focus on specific species or populations”可知，人们认为对于某一特定物种的关注是有意义的。故选A。 7．Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A．COP15 B．Wildlife Population Declining Sharply C．Urgent Action to Save the Earth D．Correct Interpretation of the LPI 答案：B 解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段中的“Wildlifepopulations around the world are facing dramatic declines...rescue the natural world.”提出世界各地的野生动物数量正面临急剧下降这一话题，第二段通过列举一系列数字说明世界各地野生动物数量正面临急剧下降的状况，第三段主要讲的是为改变这一现状世界各国政府所做出的努力，最后一段讲的是如何正确看待这一发现。纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了世界各地的野生动物数量正面临急剧下降以及人们要采取措施拯救自然世界。所以 B项(野生动物数量急剧下降)作为本文标题最合适。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2分，共10分) (2023·重庆质量检测) More than 2，000 kilometers long，the Great Barrier Reef shelters over 1，000 different fish species. 1 Many people have dived and had a look at them，but few know them like Valerie Taylor. Valerie and her husband，Ron Taylor，were among the first to explore the Great Barrier Reef on film. 2 In 1974，Hollywood called them and the Taylors filmed live shark sequences(连续镜头)for Steven Spielberg's thriller Jaws(电影《大白鲨》). Though the movie turned out to be a great success，it changed the public attitude towards sharks—they were terrified of them，and even hated them and began to hunt them.Shocked，the couple changed their lives forever and turned their attention to shark conservation.“We did every talk show we could and told the audience that Jaws was a fictional story—sharks don't behave that way and are actually mild animals，but people just didn't buy it，” said Valerie Taylor.“ 3 ” Valerie Taylor played an important role in getting sharks protected.In 2012，South Australia renamed the Neptune Islands Group Marine Park after the Taylors because of their work protecting the oceans. 4 Human activities are endangering a species that has lived in the oceans for more than 400 million years. 5 “We' ve really made a bad impact，but it can be restricted，not everywhere but at least in some places.Sharks are part of the web of life，and so are the rest of the animals.If we fail to cope with the condition and protect them，there is a big price for us to pay.” A．Taylors' achievements were much more than that. B．However，despite her lifelong work，sharks are still at risk. C．“We still have a long way to go，” now 83-year-old Valerie says. D．Dolphins，whales and sharks swim around this underwater world. E．It enjoyed beautiful undersea scenery totally beyond imagination. F．In 1967，the couple spent six months filming its underwater habitats. G．It was shocking that people knew so little about sharks but formed such a stubborn impression. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Valerie Taylor与丈夫拍摄鲨鱼电影和保护鲨鱼的事迹。 1．答案：D 解析：过渡句。设空处前文提到大堡礁有两千多千米长，庇护着一千多种不同的鱼类。设空处后文说很多人都潜水过，看过它们，但很少有人像Valerie Taylor那样了解它们。结合选项可知D项(海豚、鲸鱼和鲨鱼在这个海底世界游来游去)描述大堡礁中的生物物种，承接前文的“different fish species”，同时引出下文对人们观赏它们的介绍，承上启下，符合语境，故选D。 2．答案：F 解析：细节句。空后提到“1974年，好莱坞给他们打来电话，泰勒夫妇为史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格的惊悚片《大白鲨》现场拍摄了鲨鱼镜头”，F项“1967年，这对夫妇花了6个月的时间拍摄它的水下栖息地。”表示拍摄水下栖息地的时间是在1974年前，符合时间逻辑和前后文语境。故选F。 3．答案：G 解析：细节句。本空为 Valerie 说的话，空前提到“我们做了所有能做的访谈节目，告诉观众《大白鲨》是一个虚构的故事——鲨鱼不会那样做，它们实际上是温和的动物，但人们就是不相信。”这里描述了人们被电影中鲨鱼的表现欺骗并信以为真以及泰勒夫妇为改变人们对鲨鱼的看法以保护鲨鱼所做的努力。G项“令人震惊的是，人们对鲨鱼知之甚少，却形成了如此顽固的印象”为Valerie对此现象的看法，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 4．答案：B 解析：过渡句。设空处所在段的第一句提到Valerie Taylor 在保护鲨鱼中发挥了重要作用。空后提到“人类活动正在危及一个已经在海洋中生活了四亿多年的物种”，描述鲨鱼目前仍然受到威胁。分析选项可知B项“然而，尽管她付出了一生的努力，鲨鱼仍然处于危险之中”对上文进行转折，表明虽然Valerie Taylor付出了很多，但仍没有改变鲨鱼的处境，引出后文鲨鱼仍然受到威胁的现状，承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 5．答案：C 解析：主旨句。根据空后提到的“我们确实造成了不好的影响”可以看出，保护鲨鱼还需要继续进行。C项“现年83岁的Valerie说：‘我们还有很长的路要走。’”说明保护鲨鱼的工作任重而道远，引出下文对保护鲨鱼的重要性的论述，概括了本段内容。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $