Unit 4 Section Ⅳ Using language-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（外研版）

Section Ⅳ　Using language it作形式主语 语法串烧 我的发现 　　I'm writing to extend my sincere gratitude for you.It's been six years since I began to study English，but it was a difficulty for me to remember① new words at first.Although tried every means，yet it was no use reciting② them over and over again. It was very kind of you to offer③ me some useful suggestions.It turned out that④ these suggestions were of great benefit to me.It took me just one week to master⑤ proper methods of learning.It was a pity that⑥ I hadn't asked you for help earlier.It is important that⑦ the students (should) learn English well，so I will try my best to improve my English. ①使用了句型“It＋be＋名词＋for sb＋to do sth”，其中it 作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语； ②使用了句型“It＋be＋no use＋doing sth”，其中it 作形式主语，真正的主语是动词-ing形式短语； ③使用了句型“It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to do sth”，其中it 作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语； ④使用了句型“It＋不及物动词＋that从句”，其中 it 作形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句； ⑤使用了句型“It takes/took＋sb＋时间＋to do sth”，其中it 作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语； ⑥使用了句型“It＋be＋名词＋that从句”，其中 it 作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句； ⑦使用了句型“It＋be＋形容词＋that从句”，其中it 作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。 学生用书第102页 当动词不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式(短语)或者从句作句子的主语时，通常用it作形式主语代替它们，而将真正的主语放在后面，以保持句子结构的平衡。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。 知识点1　it代替动词不定式(短语)作形式主语 it代替动词不定式(短语)作形式主语的常见句型： 1．It＋be＋形容词＋(for/of sb) to do sth It is very important for us to learn how to deal with stress. 学会如何应对压力对我们来说很重要。 It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home. 你让我搭便车回家，真是太好了。 [温馨提示]　如果此句型中的形容词描述动词不定式所表示动作的特征，介词用for；如果形容词描述的是人的品质、性格，介词用of。 2．It＋be＋名词(＋for sb/sth)＋to do sth It is a shame for us to have lost the game. 我们输了这场比赛，真丢人。 It is good manners for students to greet to their teachers. 学生向老师打招呼是礼貌的行为。 3．It takes sb some time to do sth做某事花了某人……时间 It took them a year to build the bridge. 建这座桥花了他们一年的时间。 4．It's up to sb to do sth做某事是某人的职责或义务 It's up to us to help those in need. 我们有责任帮助那些需要帮助的人。 [巧学活用1]——单句语法填空 (1)It is essential for you to accomplish the papers before Sunday. (2)It's clever of you to work out the maths problem. (3)It is necessary for high school students to learn (learn) another foreign language. 知识点2　it代替动词-ing形式(短语)作形式主语 it代替动词-ing形式(短语)作形式主语的常见句型：It's no use/no good/useless/a waste of time/...＋doing sth It is useless giving him some advice. 给他提一些建议是没用的。 It is a waste of time doing such useless things. 做这样无用的事情等于浪费时间。 [巧学活用2]——完成句子 (1)It is no use/useless having a car(有车是没有用的) if you can't drive. (2)The doctor told us that it is no good eating too much meat(吃太多的肉没有好处). 知识点3　it代替从句作形式主语 it所替代的从句可以用that引导，也可以用whether/if、连接代词或连接副词引导。 it代替从句作形式主语的常见句型： 1．It is a pity/a shame/a fact/an honour/no wonder/a wonder/...that... 学生用书第103页 It is a shame that the rain spoiled our picnic. 真可惜，这场雨把我们的野餐给破坏了。 It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. 英语被认为是一种国际语言，这是一个事实。 2．It is＋形容词(strange/natural/important/surprising/obvious/true/fortunate/possible/ impossible/likely/unlikely/clear/certain/...)＋that... It is important that we should learn from each other and help each other. 我们应当互相学习，互相帮助，这是很重要的。 It is likely that he will ring me tonight. 他今晚可能给我打电话。 3．It＋不及物动词(happen/turn out/occur/seem/appear/...)＋that... It happened that I wasn't there that day. 恰好那天我不在那里。 It suddenly occurred to me that I knew how to solve that problem. 我忽然想起我知道怎样解决那个问题。 4．It＋be＋过去分词(said/reported/expected/hoped/known/believed/...)＋that... It is said that nothing has been done about it. 据说至今对此没采取任何措施。 It is reported that more than twenty people were killed in that bus accident. 据报道在那次的公共汽车事故中有二十多人丧生。 5．It doesn't matter ＋that/what/where/whether... It doesn't matter whether he comes or not. 他来还是不来都没关系。 [名师点津]　在下列句式中，that从句要用虚拟语气：“It is important/desired/suggested/ requested/required/demanded/ordered/proposed/recommended...that...”。 [巧学活用3]——完成句子 (1)It is suggested that each student (should) sing a song in English(唱一首英文歌曲). (2)It is important that you (should) study hard(你要努力学习). (3)He went over all his notes thoroughly before the exam.It is no wonder that(难怪) he achieved such a high grade in it. (4)It happened that(碰巧) I had read that article somewhere. 课时测评12　Section Ⅳ　Using language (时间：45分钟　满分：71分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共6分) 1．It's a waste of time reasoning(reason) with him. 2．It is very kind of you to assist(assist) me to clean the dusty shelf. 3．It is still a mystery what caused the infectious virus to spread quickly in this ward. 4．It is necessary to use(use) a short-wave radio to pick up the programmes. 5．It remains to be seen whether the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice. 6．It is known to all that organic food rather than junk food is beneficial to our physical health. 维度二　语法与写作(每小题3分，共15分) 1．他们很可能因为自己的过错而被公司解雇。 It is likely that they will be fired by the company because of their fault. 2．给孩子们做礼物没有坏处。 It does no harm to make gifts to children. 3．事实上，和那个固执的人争论是没有用的。 As a matter of fact，it is useless/no use arguing with the stubborn man． 4．这个项目能否在今年秋天完成还不确定。 It is uncertain whether the project will be completed this fall. 5．有人建议我们定期进行身体检查。 It is recommended that we should conduct physical examination on a regular basis. 维度三　语法与语篇(每小题2分，共10分) 1．It took me several days travelling around Singapore.But it was interesting 2.to find(find) that there are four official languages spoken there.They are English，Chinese，Malay and Tamil.Because it happens 3.that several racial groups live in Singapore.This is why it has four official languages.It is fun 4.to hear(hear) different people speaking different languages all at the same time.5.It is a challenging task for me to learn a foreign language.But this time I have picked up several more languages. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2024·广东深圳名校联考) Many international students studying abroad in America have several supposed ideas about American culture.After visiting the country，many international students showed the culture shock they received in America.Here are some culture shocks in America that most of the international students came across. It's surprising to note that kids，the youth and adults refer to each other with their first names.This is a very uncommon sight.Many international students might find it surprising and take time to adjust to this tradition. Another culture shock is that，in America，there could be only one or two classes a day.Usually，they're conducted in the afternoon or in the evening.This means the students get enough time to sleep late，wake up around noon and have time for different chores (琐事).Besides，having convenience in the schedule of classes，students also enjoy long hours of breaks. Among the many culture shocks in America，multiple languages are quite common there.Many international students would move to America，believing that the only language is English.However，that's not the case.The citizens commonly speak languages such as Spanish，French，German，Chinese and others.So if you're comfortable with any of the above-mentioned languages，you might get surprises. Many international students are used to using kilograms，metres，litres and degrees centigrade as the units of weight，length，volume and temperature.But they might be perplexed to see a different metric system in America.There，pounds，feet and Fahrenheit are usually used as units for measurements.This system is quite puzzling to comprehend at the beginning for many international students. Many international students might find various culture shocks in America depending on the background they come from.Thus，they may need a long time to adjust themselves to the unfamiliar environment. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大多数国际学生在美国遇到的一些文化冲击。 1．What may make international students surprised at school? A．Adults are often referred to with their titles. B．The number of classes is fewer than expected. C．Kids refer to adults with their family names. D．Students can freely do different chores in class. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“...there could be only one or two classes a day.Usually，they're conducted in the afternoon or in the evening.”可知，在美国的学校，一天只有一到两节课，由此可知，在美国一天的课程数量比预计的要少。故选B。 2．Why do international students care little about language barriers in America? A．English there is easy to understand. B．All of them can speak English fluently. C．There are several other official languages. D．They may be able to use their native languages there. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“The citizens commonly speak languages such as Spanish，French，German，Chinese and others.So if you're comfortable with any of the above-mentioned languages，you might get surprises.”可知，美国的居民通常会说西班牙语、法语、德语、汉语和其他语言，由此可知，外国留学生如果对以上语言熟悉的话，就可以使用自己的母语与他们进行交流。故选D。 3．What does the underlined word“perplexed” mean in paragraph 5? A．Interested. B．Frightened. C．Confused. D．Excited. 答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段中“Many international students are used to using kilograms，metres，litres and degrees centigrade...”可知，本段讲的是计量单位不同产生的文化冲击。画线词后的“to see a different metric system in America”是不定式作状语，本段最后一句中的“This system is quite puzzling to”也是对这种系统的说明，puzzling 和 perplexed 表达的应是相同的意思。故选C。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Multicultural Experiences Are Waiting for You B．International Students Are Welcome to America C．Culture Shocks International Students May Experience in America D．Reasons Why There Are a Large Number of Culture Shocks in America 答案：C 解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Here are some culture shocks in America that most of the international students came across.”并结合下文中分别从称呼、上课及休息时长、所使用的语言、计量单位等方面展开遇到具体的文化冲击的介绍可知，本文主要讲述的是国际学生在美国可能经历的文化冲击，所以C项“国际学生在美国可能经历的文化冲击”符合文章的主题。故选C。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·福建省龙岩市高二上期中) Tiffany Hammond and her son Aidan communicate in some familiar ways，like hand gestures and body language.But when Aidan wants to 1 himself with words，he uses a tablet (平板电脑). Aidan is autistic (患孤独症的) and does not speak，so when his mom asks 2 ，he can press a button on the screen to answer them.The family has designed routines around his autism，but people outside the household don't 3 ． “Every single time we go outside the house，there's something bad happening.There's a 4 ，and there's a mean stare，” Hammond said.“And he feels lonely a lot.”However，that loneliness and those reactions from outsiders 5 Hammond to find a way to 6 the ways in which people with autism can express.They just communicate in a(n) 7 type of way.The result of this experience is a children's book from Hammond titled A Day With No Words.The book followed Aidan through a regular day，showing his 8 routines. Hammond also wrote about the 9 of the book to want people to give kindness and the goal she hoped to 10 with the writing. In an interview，Hammond said, “I want to 11 all the things that I see in him.He loves being outside and swings，and he loves life.He is 12 like other people.I want to 13 the regular life that I have with my son，and it is supposed to 14 a loving letter to him.” 15 ，a day with no words can be full of meaningful communication. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Tiffany Hammond记录患有自闭症儿子的日常生活，写了一本书，希望人们理解并关爱自闭症患者。 1．A．express　 B．enjoy　　C．persuade 　D．change 答案：A 解析：根据“Aidan is autistic(患孤独症的) and does not speak”可知，Aidan患有孤独症，不会说话，想要表达自己的想法时就需要使用平板电脑，故选A项。 2．A．chances B．questions C．roles D．fantasies 答案：B 解析：根据“he can press a button on the screen to answer them”可知，他可以按屏幕上的按钮来回答，说明妈妈问他问题了，故选B项。 3．A．imply B．inquire C．understand D．bother 答案：C 解析：根据“Every single time we go outside the house，there's something bad happening.”可知，每次他们走出家门，总会发生一些不好的事情，说明外面的人不理解他们家人的生活，故选C项。 4．A．saying B．witness C．cheat D．comment 答案：D 解析：根据“people outside the household don't . ”和“Every single time we go outside the house，there's something bad happening.”可知，外面的人不理解他们的生活，每次他们走出家门，总会发生一些不好的事情，即有人在评论他们一家人，会刻薄地盯着他们看，故选D项。 5．A．pushed B．elected C．warned D．begged 答案：A 解析：根据“loneliness and those reactions from outsiders”可知，孤独感和外界的反应会促使Hammond改变儿子及一家人受歧视的现状，故选A项。 6．A．avoid B．represent C．ignore D．refuse 答案：B 解析：根据“They just communicate in a(n) type of way.”和下题的分析可知，Hammond想要让外界知道自闭症人会有不同的表现，故选B项。 7．A．necessary B．cold C．different D．equal 答案：C 解析：根据“But when Aidan wants to himself with words，he uses a tablet(平板电脑).”可知，当Aidan想用语言来表达自己时，他会使用平板电脑，说明自闭症患者和他人交流的方式是不同的，故选C项。 8．A．daily B．weekly C．monthly D．yearly 答案：A 解析：根据“The book followed Aidan through a regular day”可知，这本书跟随Aidan度过的每一个平常的日子，即他的日常生活，故选A项。 9．A．cover B．significance C．price D．time 答案：B 解析：根据“want people to give kindness”可知，Hammond希望人们能够给予自闭症患者一些善意，因此她的这本书是有重要意义的，故选B项。 10．A．imagine B．notice C．defeat D．achieve 答案：D 解析：根据“to find a way to the ways in which people with autism can express”可知，Hammond要实现一个目标，即让人们知道自闭症患者和他人交流的方式是不同的，希望人们给予他们关爱，achieve the goal：实现目标，故选D项。 11．A．record B．teach C．doubt D．celebrate 答案：A 解析：根据“The book followed Aidan through a regular day，showing his routines.”可知，Hammond通过她的书来记录儿子的一切表现，故选A项。 12．A．nervous B．strange C．dangerous D．hopeful 答案：D 解析：根据“He loves being outside and swings，and he loves life.”可知，他喜欢外出和荡秋千，他热爱生活，即他和其他人一样是对生活充满希望的，故选D项。 13．A．create B．organize C．share D．build 答案：C 解析：根据“I want to all the things that I see in him.”可知，Hammond想要记录下在儿子身上看到的所有东西，因此这是在和儿子共享日常生活的细节，故选C项。 14．A．look for B．pick up C．stare at D．serve as 答案：D 解析：根据“I want to the regular life that I have with my son”和“a day with no words can be full of meaningful communication”可知，Hammond想和儿子分享关注儿子的日常生活的细节，每一天虽然不能和儿子说话，但依然可以充满有意义的交流，这些被写进了Hammond的书中，她把它看成是给儿子的“情书”，故选D项。 15．A．Immediately B．Fortunately C．Actually D．Finally 答案：C 解析：根据“The book followed Aidan through a regular day，showing his routines.”和“He loves being outside and swings，and he loves life.”可知，虽然儿子有自闭症，但事实上Hammond和儿子每一天过得是很充实的，每一天都是有意义的，故选C项。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2024·福建省泉州市高二上期中) The national college entrance examination in Russia，Unified State Exam，will include Chinese as 1. elective foreign language starting from 2021.Chinese will become the fifth elective test item for the Unified State Exam 2. (follow) English，German，French and Spanish. The number of Chinese learners in Russia 3. (grow)quickly in the past ten years，according to a survey 4. (make) by a linguistic research center in Russia. Approaches 5. learning Chinese change from person to person，with more and more people choosing university courses in Russia. The three-hour-long Chinese test will quiz students on 6. (they)listening，reading and writing abilities，and a fourth section will examine students on grammar，vocabulary and Chinese 7. (character).Some parts in the exam are even a little bit difficult for native Chinese speakers. According to the Office of Chinese Language Council International (Hanban)，as of 2017 some 100 million people，excluding native speakers，use Chinese 8. (global). The United Nations (UN) in 2010 suggested a Chinese Language Day 9. falls on April 20 each year 10. (celebrate) cultural diversity(多样性) as well as to promote the equal use of all official languages. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了从2021年开始，俄罗斯高考将把汉语作为选修外语。俄罗斯一家语言研究中心的一项调查显示，在俄罗斯学习汉语的人数在过去十年中增长迅速。还介绍了全球学习汉语的人数以及“中文日”的设立。 1．答案：an 解析：考查冠词。language为可数名词，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，且elective是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 2．答案：following 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，follow在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Chinese构成主动关系，用动词-ing形式作状语。故填following。 3．答案：has grown 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据后文in the past ten years可知，应用现在完成时，主语为The number of Chinese learners。故填has grown。 4．答案：made 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，make在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语survey构成被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填made。 5．答案：to 解析：考查介词。结合句意可知，表示“……的方法”短语为approach to。故填to。 6．答案：their 解析：考查代词。修饰后文名词短语listening，reading and writing abilities应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 7．答案：characters 解析：考查名词的单复数。character表示“汉字”为可数名词，前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填characters。 8．答案：globally 解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词use应用副词，作状语。故填globally。 9．答案：that/which 解析：考查定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词Chinese Language Day，空处在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/which。 10．答案：to celebrate 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处celebrate在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to celebrate。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $