Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Using language-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（外研版）

Section Ⅲ　Using language & Developing ideas Step One：Pre-reading Look at the messages and answer the questions. Which message is easier to understand？Why? The first one is easier.Because it can save me some time. Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What's the main idea of the passage? A．The popularity of emojis. B．The history and usage of emojis. C．The emojis experience of the writer. D．The history and development of emojis. 答案：D Ⅱ.Read for the structure Ⅲ.Read for details 1．Why does the author tell the story about his communication with his friend? A．To prove he is a fashion follower. B．To show he is close to his friend. C．To indicate emojis are very important. D．To introduce the topic of emojis. 2．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A．Emojis used to be strange for the writer before he received the message from his friend. B．In order to receive the message from his friend，the writer waited outside the cafeteria. 学生用书第66页 C．After he received the message from his friend，he replied with a simple text soon. D．The writer didn't understand what the message his friend sent to him meant at all. 3．Why have emojis been used in classics? A．To replace the old version. B．To attract more young readers. C．To take away the heart and soul of Shakespeare's plays. D．To make it easier for young readers to understand the classics. 4．Why do people like emojis in today's world? A．Because emojis have clear advantages over written language really. B．Because emojis add emotional meaning，so that they are quick and easy to use. C．Because emojis are similar to the gestures we use when we speak. D．Because people are interested in emojis with the help of social media. 答案：1－4：DADB Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 1．Now there are more than 3，000 emojis that expand upon the way that引导定语从句　 in which we communicate． in which引导定语从句 尝试翻译　现在已经有3 000多个表情符号拓展了我们交流的方式。 2．In fact，this is similar to the gestures we use 定语从句 when we speak． when引导时间状语从句 尝试翻译　实际上，这些符号与我们说话时使用的手势有异曲同工之妙。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 教材佳句　With the rapid development of social media，emojis are becoming an integral component of the language we use to express ourselves.(社会发展) 学后仿写　随着科学技术的发展，对劳动者提出了更高的要求。 With the development of science and technology，there are critical demands for workers. Ⅲ.品质升华 1．What made the Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year in 2015 use a pictograph？(Critical Thinking批判性思维) The popularity of emojis. 2．Do you use it often？Why is that？(Creative Thinking创造性思维) Yes.Because I find it simple and emotional, sometimes more explicit than plain language. ………………………………………………………………………………………◎ ①cafeteria/ˌkæfɪ'tɪəriə/n.自助餐厅 ②run late晚了 run early/on time早了/准时 ③emoji/ɪ'məʊdʒi/n.表情符号 ④attempt to do sth尝试/企图做某事 attempt n．&vt.试图，尝试 at the first attempt第一次尝试 ⑤follow the trend of跟随……的潮流 trend n．趋势，趋向 a downward/an upward trend in sth ……下滑/上升的趋势 ⑥an integral component不可缺少的组成部分 integral/'ɪntɪɡrəl/adj.不可缺少的 component/kəm'pəʊnənt/n.组成部分 a key/vital component重要的/至关重要的组成部分 ⑦express oneself表达自我 ⑧symbol n．符号，代号，记号 [近义]sign n．符号，记号 [拓展]symbolise vt.象征，是……的象征 symbolic adj.象征性的 ⑨come in different categories有不同的种类 come 熟词生义 vi. 有(货)，可提供 come in...有…… category/'kætɪɡ(ə)ri/n.类别 ⑩be limited to被限制在…… limit vt.限制，限定 ⑪expand upon详述，充分叙述 ⑫the word of the year年度热词 the man/woman of the year年度最优秀的人物 ⑬pictograph/'pɪktəɡrɑːf/n.象形图 ⑭have advantages over比……有优势 ⑮emotional/ɪ'məʊʃ(ə)nəl/adj.情绪(上)的，情感(上)的 emotion n．情感，情绪 ⑯gesture/'dʒestʃə/n.手势，姿势 ⑰facial expressions面部表情 facial/'feɪʃ(ə)l/adj.脸上的；面部的 ⑱a string of一串…… ⑲separation n．分开，分离；离别 separate vt.&vi.(使)分离，分散 separate A from/and B 把A与B分开 ⑳spread to蔓延至，扩散到 ㉑textspeak/'tekstˌspiːk/n.短信简写语 ㉒intention/ɪn'tenʃ(ə)n/n.意图，目的 ㉓adaptation/ˌædæp'teɪʃ(ə)n/n.改编版 ㉔accessible/ək'sesɪb(ə)l/adj.易懂的 ㉕take away拿走，带走，使消失 ㉖heart and soul精髓 soul/səʊl/n.精神 ㉗have a tendency to do sth有做某事的趋势 tendency/'tendənsi/n.趋势 ㉘facilitate/fə'sɪlɪteɪt/v.促进；使便利 facilitation n．简易化，简便化；促进 ㉙educator/'edjʊkeɪtə/n.教育工作者 ㉚pictorial/pɪk'tɔːriəl/adj.图画的 ◎……………………………………………………………………………………… Emojis：a new language? 1 While waiting outside the cafeteria①[1]，I received the following message from my friend： [1]“While waiting outside the cafeteria”是时间状语从句的省略形式。 2 It took me a minute before I realised what it meant.The signs he used were to say that he'd be running late② and would be there soon.Instead of replying with a simple “OK，don't rush”，I searched for emojis③ on my phone that would express the same message： 学生用书第67页 3 This was my attempt to ④follow the trend of⑤ communicating with emojis.Emojis are used everywhere，from text messages to emails，blogs and other social media networks.With the rapid development of social media，emojis are becoming an integral component⑥ of the language we use to express ourselves⑦. 4 The word “emoji” comes from Japanese，literally meaning “picture character”．Emojis are small symbols⑧ representing ideas，emotions or feelings.They come in different categories⑨，such as faces and people，plants and animals，and food and drink. 5 When first introduced in Japan in 1999，emojis were limited to⑩ 176 simple designs.Now there are more than 3，000 emojis that expand upon⑪ the way in which we communicate.[2]Due to their popularity，the Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year⑫ in 2015 was，for the first time ever，a pictograph⑬instead of a traditional word. [2]本句为主从复合句。that在此引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词more than 3，000 emojis；该从句中，in which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the way。 6 In today's world，emojis have become more and more popular.It seems that emojis have clear advantages over⑭ written language.People like them because they add emotional⑮ meaning，and are quick and easy to use.[3]In fact，this is similar to the gestures⑯ we use when we speak.With a smiling or sad face added to a message or post，your reader can “see” your facial expression⑰ while reading your words.[4] Emojis can also help people express their feelings when they cannot find the appropriate words.For instance，if your friend is moving across the country，you may just send them a string of⑱ crying faces to express your sadness over your separation⑲. [3]本句为主从复合句。because引导原因状语从句，该从句中的are quick and easy to use是“be＋形容词＋动词不定式”结构，动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。 [4]With a．..added to a message or post是with复合结构，宾语补足语由过去分词短语充当，face与add之间为动宾关系。while reading your words是时间状语从句的省略形式。 学生用书第68页 7 The use of emojis has even spread to⑳ classical literature.A Shakespeare series for young readers has taken William Shakespeare's popular plays and replaced some words with textspeak㉑ and emojis.The intention㉒ of these adaptations㉓ is to make the classics more accessible㉔ to young readers.Some people，however，believe that these new versions have taken away㉕ the heart and soul㉖ of Shakespeare's plays. 8 As we can see，emojis have a tendency to pop up㉗ all over the place.Users of emojis say that they facilitate㉘ the way in which we communicate and express ourselves.But this makes others，especially educators㉙，worry that we are losing the ability to communicate properly using the written word，or even the spoken word.[5] After all，how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call？[6]Perhaps people will one day choose to communicate in pictures，and forget how to write properly.On that day，emojis will have become a real pictorial㉚“language”[7].But，for now，maybe it's best that we just enjoy using them. [5]本句为主从复合句。“makes others，especially educators，worry...”属于“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语由不带to的动词不定式短语充当。that在句中引导宾语从句。 [6]本句中包含would rather do sth than do sth结构，该结构表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。 [7]此处采用将来完成时表示在将来某个时间已经完成的动作。 [文化采风] emoji指表情符号，来自日语词“绘文字”。emoji的创造者是日本人栗田穣崇(Shigetaka Kurita)，他将目光投向儿时的各种元素以获取灵感，如日本漫画和日本汉字等。日本漫画中有许多不同的符号。漫画家会画出一些表情，表现一个人满头大汗或是迸发出一个想法时头上出现一个灯泡。从日本汉字中他获得了一种能力，用简单的字符来表达“秘密”和“爱”等抽象概念。 2014年8月，牛津词典在线版把“emoji”添加到新词汇中，这也意味着它已经变成一个正式单词。全球约有90%的在线用户频繁使用emoji，每天有约60亿个emoji表情符号被传送。 ………………………………………………………………………………………◎ 表情符号：一门新语言？ 1 在自助餐厅外等待时，我收到了朋友的如下信息： 2 我花了一分钟才明白它的意思。他用这些符号是要表达他要迟到了，不过很快就到那儿。我没有简单地回答说“好的，不着急”，而是在手机上搜索表示同样意思的表情符号： 学生用书第69页 3 这是我追赶用表情符号交流的潮流。从短信到电子邮件，再到博客以及其他社交媒体网络，表情符号无处不在。随着社交媒体的迅速发展，表情符号正成为人们表达自己的思想感情的不可缺少的组成部分。 4 “emoji(表情符号)”一词源自日语，字面意思是“绘文字”。表情符号是用来表示思想、情感或心情的小符号。它们有不同的类别，譬如脸和人物、植物和动物、食物和饮料。 5 1999年，日本首次推出表情符号，当时只有176个简单的图案。现在已经有3 000多个表情符号拓宽了我们的交流方式。由于表情符号广受欢迎，牛津词典2015年的年度热词有史以来第一次收录了图画文字而非传统文字。 6 在当今世界，表情符号越来越受欢迎，与书面语言相比，它似乎有明显的优势。人们喜欢表情符号，因为它们增强了情感的含义，使用起来既方便又快捷。实际上，这些符号与我们说话时使用的手势有异曲同工之妙。在信息或帖子中附加一个微笑或悲伤的脸部表情，读者阅读文字时就能“看到”你的面部表情。当人们找不到合适的词语时，也能通过表情符号来表达情感。比如，如果朋友要搬家到很远的地方去，你可以发一串哭脸，表达自己对分离的悲伤。 7 表情符号的使用甚至已经扩展到了古典文学领域。一个面向年轻读者的莎士比亚系列选取威廉·莎士比亚广受欢迎的戏剧作品，然后用短信简写语和表情符号替代了一些词语。这样改编的目的是让年轻读者更容易理解经典文学作品。不过，也有人认为，这些新版本丧失了莎士比亚戏剧的精髓。 8 正如我们所看到的那样，表情符号大有随处可见之趋势。表情符号的使用者表示，这些符号有助于我们交流和表达自我。不过，这使得一些人，尤其是教育工作者，担心我们正在失去用书面语言，乃至口头语言进行正常交流的能力。毕竟，现如今，我们当中有多少人宁愿发送一条满是表情符号的短信，也不愿意打电话呢？也许有一天，人们会选择用图片交流，却忘记了如何正确书写。到那一天，表情符号将会成为真正的图画“语言”。但是目前我们享受使用这些符号的乐趣就行了。 ◎核心单词——练通 1．educational reform 　　　　 教育改革 2．a famous journalist 有名的新闻工作者 3．solid rock 坚实的岩石 4．different categories 不同的类别 5．a rude gesture 一个粗鲁的手势 6．heart and soul 精髓 7．facilitate learning 促进学习 8．an integral component 不可缺少的组成部分 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．emphasise v．强调→emphasis n．强调 2．reconstruction n．重建；修复→reconstruct v．重建 3．socialist adj.社会主义的→socialism n．社会主义→society n．社会→social adj.社会的 4．economic adj.经济(上)的→economy n．经济 5．occupation n．工作，职业→occupy v．占有；居住于；使忙碌；使从事 6．expand v．(使)扩大；增加→expansion n．扩张；扩大 7．emotional adj.情绪(上)的，情感(上)的→emotion n．感情；情绪 8．facial adj.脸上的；面部的→face n．脸 9．intention n．意图，目的→intend vt.计划；打算 10．adaptation n．改编版→adapt vt.使适应；改编 11．accessible adj.易懂的→access n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性 学生用书第70页 12．tendency n．趋势→tend vi.往往；趋向 vt.照看 13．educator n．教育工作者→educate vt.教育→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育 14．urgently adv.紧急地；急迫地→urge vt.敦促，力劝；竭力主张 n．强烈的欲望，冲动→urgent adj.紧急的→urgency n．紧急 15．convincing adj.有说服力的，令人信服的→convince vt.使确信，使信服→convinced adj.确信的，信服的 规律：名词词缀“-sis” 示例：emphasise v．强调→emphasis n．强调 analyse v．分析→analysis n．分析 base v．以……为基础→basis n．基础 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．mark the end of an era 标志着一个时代的结束 2．pave the road 铺路 3．work alongside the new team 与这个新团队一起工作 4．a United Nations peace initiative 联合国的和平倡议 5．secondary source 次要来源 6．outside the cafeteria 在自助餐厅外面 7．communicate with emojis 用表情符号交流 8．an integral part of the school's curriculum 学校课程不可缺少的一部分 9．two features of pictograph 象形图的两大特征 10．the comics book 这本连环漫画书 11．Superman costume 超人服装 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．search for 寻找；搜索 2．due to 由于 3．for the first time 第一次 4．have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的趋势 5．be limited to 被限制在…… 6．have advantages over 比……有优势 7．reply with 以……回复 第二组　英译汉 8．a string of 一连串 9．expand upon 详述，充分叙述 10．separate A from/and B 把A与B分开 11．heart and soul 精髓 12．take away 拿走，带走，使消失 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．句型公式　be to do结构 教材原句　The signs he used were to say that he'd be running late and would be there soon. 他用这些符号是要表达他要迟到了，不过很快就到那儿。 2．句型公式　状语从句的省略 教材原句　When first introduced in Japan in 1999，emojis were limited to 176 simple designs. 1999年，日本首次推出表情符号，当时只有176个简单的图案。 3．句型公式　with复合结构 教材原句　With a smiling or sad face added to a message or post，your reader can “see” your facial expression while reading your words. 在信息或帖子中附加一个微笑或悲伤的脸部表情，读者阅读文字时就能“看到”你的面部表情。 4．句型公式　would rather...than...结构 教材原句　After all，how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call? 毕竟，现如今，我们当中有多少人宁愿发送一条满是表情符号的短信，也不愿意打电话呢？ 学生用书第71页 Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 emphasise v．强调 (1)emphasise that/how/what... 强调，着重…… It must/should be emphasised that... 应该强调的是…… (2)emphasis n. 强调；重视，重要性 put/place/lay emphasis on sth 强调某事 单句语法填空/应用文写作之人物介绍 ①I'd just like to emphasise how important it is for people to learn foreign languages. ②我的父母总是强调诚实、勇敢和勤奋的重要性，他们为我和我的哥哥树立了很好的榜样。 My parents always lay/put/place emphasis on the importance of honesty，bravery and diligence and they set good examples for me and my brother. intention n．意图，目的 (1)with the intention of doing sth 怀着做某事的目的/意图 (2)intend vt. 计划；打算 intend to do/doing sth 打算做某事 intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事 had intended to do sth 本打算做某事(却未做) be intended to do 为了做…… be intended for 专门为……而设计的； 专供……使用的 单句语法填空/应用文写作之邀请信 ①Their expedition was intended to prepare (prepare)them for their lifelong dream of climbing Mount Everest. ②The program was set up with the intention(intend) of helping the homeless. ③The university is known for its language and culture courses intended for international students. ④英语口语俱乐部以其独特而丰富多彩的活动而闻名，旨在培养优秀的英语口语。下周六，俱乐部打算让会员们在演讲厅发表鼓舞人心的演讲。 The Spoken English Club is known for its unusual and colorful activities intended for excellent oral English．Next Saturday the club intends its members to deliver inspiring speeches in the lecture hall. adaptation n．改编版 (1)make an adaptation to 适应…… (2)adapt v. 使适应；使适合；改编；改写 adapt...to... 使……适应于…… adapt...from... 根据……改编…… adapt...for... 把……改编成…… (3)adaptable adj. 可改编的；能适应的 单句语法填空/应用文写作之学校生活 ①Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people. ②Have you watched the TV series The Ordinary World adapted(adapt) from Lu Yao's novel of the same name? ③对所有的新生来说，如何使他们自己适应新的环境是他们必须面对的第一件事。 To all fresh students，how to adapt themselves to the new environment is the first thing that they have to face. 学生用书第72页 tendency n．趋势 (1)(have) a tendency to do sth (有)做某事的倾向/趋势/偏好 (2)tend v. 趋向，倾向；往往会；照管，护理 tend to do sth 往往会做某事 tend (to) sb/sth 照料/照管某人/物 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①We have every reason to believe that our business has shown a tendency (tend) to improve. ②Occupied with routine office tasks，she had no time to tend to her children. ③如果你提前了解唐朝的历史，你往往会发现很容易学会唐诗。(应用文写作之建议信) →Understand the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance，and you will have a tendency to find it easy to learn Tang poetry．(tendency) →Understand the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance，and you will tend to find it easy to learn Tang poetry．(tend) [联想]　“照顾”各种表达：(1)look after　(2)take care of　(3)care for　(4)attend(to)sb urgently adv.紧急地；急迫地 (1)urge n.　　　强烈的欲望；冲动 vt. 催促；力劝；大力推荐 urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事 urge that...(should)do sth 极力主张……(应该)做某事 have an urge to do sth 渴望做某事 (2)urgency n. 紧急；催促 (3)urgent adj. 紧急的，急迫的 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Parents should actively urge their children to take(take)advantage of the opportunity to participate in outdoor activities. ②There is no sense of urgency(urge)to do my schoolwork immediately. ③站在舞台上，我感觉如此紧张以至于我有股想逃跑的冲动。(读后续写之心理描写) Standing on the stage，I felt so nervous that I even had an urge to escape． convincing adj.有说服力的，使人信服的 (1)convince vt.　　　说服；使相信 convince sb of sth 使某人信服某事 convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事 convince sb that... 使某人确信…… (2)convinced adj. 确信的，深信的 be convinced of/that... 确信…… 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①You need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job. ②His speech was so convincing(convince)that everyone present entirely believed what he said. ③Companies apply various methods to convince people to buy (buy) their products. ④I'm convinced that your advice will contribute to our good performance，so I sincerely hope you can help us. →Convinced that your advice will contribute to our good performance，I sincerely hope you can help us.(过去分词短语作状语) Ⅰ.一词多义——expand v. A．(使)扩大　B．增加，扩展　C．详谈，细谈 1．I repeated the question and waited for her to expand. C 2．We've expanded the business by opening two more stores. B 3．A child's vocabulary expands through reading. A Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．I have to clarify that I don't have solid information on where the people are.adj.可靠的 2．We had driven ten hours along the road but there was not a soul in sight.n.人 学生用书第73页 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：状语从句的省略 (教材原句)When first introduced in Japan in 1999，emojis were limited to 176 simple designs. 1999年，日本首次推出表情符号，当时只有176个简单的图案。 状语从句的省略的条件： (1)when，while，though，even if，unless，if，as if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it； (2)状语从句谓语中含有be动词； (3)状语从句省略的形式：省略从句中的主语和be动词。 完成句子/句式升级 ①More importantly，never stick your chopsticks in the rice bowl.Lay them on your dish if necessary(如果有必要).(应用文写作之传统文化) ②If possible (如果有可能)，try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.(应用文写作之建议信) ③While I was walking back home with an excited mind，I conceived many plans about how to dispose of it. →While walking back home with an excited mind，I conceived many plans about how to dispose of it.(状语从句的省略) 课时测评8　Section Ⅲ　Using language & Developing ideas (时间：45分钟　满分：77分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　品句填词(每小题1分，共7分) 1．In almost all categories(类别) of music，there are artists that deliver positive messages through their music. 2．One disadvantage of this new type of cars is that its components(组成部分) are not easy to get. 3．The new airport will facilitate (促进) the development of tourism. 4．China has been pushing the reform(改革) of public hospitals for the benefit of all its citizens. 5．People were dressed in elegant costumes(化装服)，all of them suitable for a multicultural parade. 6．This provided a solid foundation for their marriage. 7．These inequities seem profoundly unhealthy for us and for our nation's soul． 维度二　词形转换(每小题1分，共5分) 1．I was very annoyed to find that the cinema was not accessible (access) to the elderly or people in wheelchairs. 2．After the flooding，people were suffering in that area，who urgently (urgent) needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive. 3．With confidence，I was firmly convinced(convince) that I could get a satisfying score in the next assignment. 4．Eventually，he took exercise regularly with the intention(intend)of staying healthy. 5．I can't lay emphasis(emphasise) on the rewarding and interesting fruit-picking activity too much. 维度三　固定搭配和句式(每小题3分，共15分) 1．尽管许多竞争对手比她有优势，她还是设法进入了决赛。(have an advantage over) Although many competitors had an advantage over her，she managed to enter the final. 2．上周，我们学校发起了一场中国传统文化周活动，旨在增强学生对我们民族文化的信心。(be to do结构) A traditional Chinese culture week campaign was launched last week in our school，whose purpose was to enhance students' confidence in our national culture. 3．晚上，人们在一处空地聚集，品尝美味的月饼，欣赏悬挂在天空中美丽的月亮。(状语从句的省略) In the evening，people gather in a vacant place，enjoying delicious moon cakes while admiring the beautiful moon hanging in the sky． 4．随着高考的临近，学生们感到巨大的压力。(with复合结构) With the College Entrance Examination drawing near，the students feel great pressure. 5．许多孩子宁可宅在家里上网也不愿意出去与其他人面对面交流。(would rather...than...) Many children would rather stay at home going online than go out to communicate with others face to face. 维度四　教材知识迁移 (每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Emojis are small symbols 1.representing (represent) ideas，emotions or feelings and come in different categories. As is well known，the word“emoji” 2.comes (come) from Japanese，literally meaning“picture character”．When first 3.introduced (introduce) in Japan in 1999，emojis were limited to 176 simple designs.Now there are more than 3，000 emojis that expand 4.upon the way in which we communicate. In today's world，emojis have become more and more popular because they are easy and quick 5.to use (use) and can also help people express 6.their (they)feelings when they cannot find the appropriate words. Emojis have now been used to replace some words in classical works such as Shakespeare's plays to make classics more 7.accessible (access) to young readers. Emojis now have a tendency to pop up all over the place.The users say that they facilitate the way in 8.which we communicate.9.However，some people，especially educators，worry that we are losing the 10.ability (able) to communicate properly using the written word，or even the spoken word.After all，how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call? [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A If you want to tell the history of the whole world，a history that does not privilege one part of humanity，you cannot do it through texts alone，because only some of the world has ever had texts，while most of the world，for most of the time，has not.Writing is one of humanity's later achievements，and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things. Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects，and some chapters of this book are able to do just that，but in many cases we simply can't.The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict，at Botany Bay，between Captain Cook's voyage and the Australian Aboriginals.From the English side，we have scientific reports and the captain's record of that terrible day.From the Australian side，we have only a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot.If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day，the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports. In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides，there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted，especially when only the victors know how to write.Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories.The Caribbean Taino，the Australian Aboriginals，the African people of Benin and the Incas，all of whom appear in this book，can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made：a history told through things gives them back a voice.When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these，all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted，only one half of a dialogue.If we are to find the other half of that conversation，we have to read not just the texts，but the objects. 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史的局限性，并强调了将物品纳入历史叙事以更好地理解无文字社会的重要性。 1．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．How past events should be presented. B．What humanity is concerned about. C．Whether facts speak louder than words. D．Why written language is reliable. 答案：A 解析：段落大意题。根据文章第一段内容可知，第一段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现给我们。故选A。 2．What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in Paragraph 2? A．His report was scientific. B．He represented the local people. C．He ruled over Botany Bay. D．His record was one-sided. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段首句可推断，作者认为历史应该是文本和物品相结合的产物，但是很多情况下，我们做不到。再根据所举例子的下文“From the English side，we have scientific reports and the captain's record of that terrible day.From the Australian side，we have only a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot.”可知，作者举这个例子是为了说明船长的记录是片面的，只从自己的角度描述了问题。故选D。 3．What does the underlined word “conversation” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Problem.　B．History.　C．Voice.　D．Society. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线单词上文并结合画线句可知，我们对过去历史的了解，只是书写历史的人所想要让我们了解的历史，如果我们想要了解历史的另一半，我们不仅仅要读文本也要读对象。所以conversation指的是“历史”。故选B。 4．Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from? A．How Maps Tell Stories of the World B．A Short History of Australia C．A History of the World in 100 Objects D．How Art Works Tell Stories 答案：C 解析：文章出处题。根据文章第一段“If you want to tell the history of the whole world，a history that does not privilege one part of humanity，you cannot do it through texts alone，because only some of the world has ever had texts，while most of the world，for most of the time，has not.”并结合最后一段的“If we are to find the other half of that conversation，we have to read not just the texts，but the objects.”可知，本文讲述仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史有局限性，想要更好的了解历史就要将文本和物品结合在一起。从而推断文章最有可能选自《100件物品中的世界史》。故选C。 B (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives，we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future，and this is where AI by Design：A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). In the wrong hands，such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code(代码) that powers AI but，thankfully，Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable.She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic，making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which，by the close，will make you feel almost as smart as AI. As we soon come to learn from AI by Design，AI is already super-smart and will become more capable，moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence.From there，Campbell says，will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence.This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now—several decades before these developments are expected to take place.She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence，or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell's point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it.She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity.We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out.Such structured thinking，followed by global regulation，will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all，and if you only read one book on the subject，this is it. 语篇解读　本文是一篇书评。文章主要介绍了英国人工智能专家卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔2022年度畅销书AI by Design：A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence。书中探讨了当前人工智能的发展趋势和即将到来的人工智能革命，呼吁技术公司和世界领袖应与人工智能专家们达成共识、携手共进、共同面对。 5．What does the phrase “In the wrong hands”in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．If read by someone poorly educated. B．If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C．If written by someone less competent. D．If translated by someone unacademic. 答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线部分后面的“but，thankfully，Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable”可知，坎贝尔有二十多年的专业经验，她能将令人头晕的东西转化为容易理解的东西。由此可知，画线部分“In the wrong hands”指的应该是如果换一个能力不如坎贝尔的人来写这本书，故C项正确。 6．What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text? A．It is packed with complex codes. B．It adopts a down-to-earth writing style. C．It provides step-by-step instructions. D．It is intended for AI professionals. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She writes from the practical angle of a business person...a guide which is highly accessible and informative”可知，她从一个商人的实际角度来写作，使得这本书成为非常易懂且信息丰富的指南。由此可知，这本书的写作风格非常务实，故B项正确。 7．What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development? A．Observe existing regulations on it. B．Reconsider expert opinions about it. C．Make joint efforts to keep it under control. D．Learn from prior experience to slow it down. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence”和第四段中的“Campbell's point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it.”可知，坎贝尔建议让人工智能的发展处于控制下，并呼吁技术公司、世界领袖和人工智能专家携手应对，故C项正确。 8．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To recommend a book on AI. B．To give a brief account of AI history. C．To clarify the definition of AI. D．To honor an outstanding AI expert. 答案：A 解析：写作目的题。根据最后一段“AI will affect us all，and if you only read one book on the subject，this is it.”并结合全文可知，本文主要给读者推荐了卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔的书AI by Design：A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence，故A项正确。 Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2024·广东省汕头市高二上期中) Non-verbal communication is the process of sending and receiving messages without using words.It may 1. (evaluate) in any social interaction because more than half of our communication takes place through body movements，facial expressions，gestures，eye contact，posture，and tone of voice.In fact，a 2. (politics) who only speaks will not be an efficient one. However，3. potential for misunderstanding is great，and these non-verbal signals can be in conflict with what someone is saying.For example，a person might say they oppose a new idea but their emphasis and tone of voice might suggest that they 4. (be) actually in favour of it.Similarly，someone might advocate a particular course of action，but their body language might indicate that they don't really believe in it 5. (they). The ability 6. (understand) and use non-verbal communication，or body language，is one of the most powerful tools 7. can help you connect with others，express what you really mean，and build better relationships.However，most of us only devote a small percentage of our time to 8. (learn) how to read and understand non-verbal communication，or how to use our own body language to send out positive signals. It's true that some aspects of body language are inborn，but many are also learned or 9. (culture) determined.For example，while nodding your head means “yes” in most cultures，in some parts of Greece it means “no”．So，as well as being able to read other people's signals，it's important to be aware 10. your own body language and to be able to clarify what you really mean. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非语言交流的重要性以及除了能够读懂别人的信号，重要的是要意识到自己的肢体语言，并能够澄清你的真正意思。 1．答案：be evaluated 解析：考查动词的语态。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，应用被动语态，且may为情态动词，后跟动词原形。故填be evaluated。 2．答案：politician 解析：考查词形转换。此处作主语，应用名词politician“政治家”，结合不定冠词可知，应用单数名词。故填politician。 3．答案：the 解析：考查冠词。句意：然而，误解的可能性很大，这些非语言信号可能与某人所说的相冲突。此处potential特指误解的可能性，应用定冠词。故填the。 4．答案：are 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上文oppose可知，为一般现在时，主语为they，谓语用复数。故填are。 5．答案：themselves 解析：考查代词。根据上文they可知，此处指“他们自己”，应用反身代词。故填themselves。 6．答案：to understand 解析：考查非谓语动词。名词ability后常跟动词不定式，作后置定语。故填to understand。 7．答案：that 解析：考查定语从句。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词是tools，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，且先行词由最高级修饰。故填that。 8．答案：learning 解析：考查非谓语动词。固定短语devote time to doing sth，to是介词，用动词-ing形式作宾语。故填learning。 9．答案：culturally 解析：考查词性转换。此处修饰后文过去分词determined，应用副词作状语。故填culturally。 10．答案：of 解析：考查介词。固定短语be aware of表示“意识到”。故填of。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $