UNIT 5 Section Ⅲ Learning about language-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（人教版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦动词-ing形式这一核心语法点，系统梳理其作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等句法功能，结合一般式（doing/being done）与完成式（having done/having been done）的时态语态，通过“语法串烧”情境引入、真题例句解析到即学即练的递进设计，构建完整学习支架。 该资料以情境化“语法串烧”激活学习兴趣，融入2022-2024年高考真题例句强化语言能力培养，借助“巧学助记”口诀与分层练习（基础巩固、阅读提升）助力学生构建知识体系，培养思维品质。课中辅助教师高效授课，课后便于学生自主回顾与查漏补缺，提升学习能力。

Section Ⅲ　Learning about language—Discover useful structures 复习动词-ing形式 语法串烧 我的发现 　　①Learning some knowledge about first aid is necessary.There are always some small accidents ②happening in our daily life.③Facing some emergencies，we should keep calm and perform first aid to the victim，which can make a difference.Therefore，I suggest ④attending first aid classes. 1.加黑处①为动词-ing形式在句中作主语； 2．加黑处②为动词-ing形式在句中作定语； 3．加黑处③为动词-ing形式在句中作状语； 4．加黑处④为动词-ing形式在句中作宾语。 学生用书第100页 一、动词-ing形式及意义 1．含义 动词-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词原形加-ing构成，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语等。 2．动词-ing形式的时态和语态 　　语态 时态　　 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done ①Being a freshman，she tended to get lost in the six-story maze，leaving her so helpless. 作为新生，她很容易在那座六层楼高的迷宫里迷路，这让她感到非常无助。 ②Hearing my words，he nodded his head up and down.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 听到我的话，他频频点头。 ③Having worked an entire morning，everyone was so satisfied but unwilling to leave. 工作了整整一个上午，每个人都很满意，但又不愿意离开。 ④Not only is handwriting an art but it can stimulate our brain and prevent us from being distracted.书写不仅是一门艺术，它还可以刺激我们的大脑，防止我们分心。 ⑤Having been exposed to Chinese paintings since my childhood，I can get visitors to know more about them.(申请信) 我从小接触国画，能让游客更加了解国画。 3．动词-ing形式的否定式是在前面加not构成 Not knowing his telephone number，I can't get in touch with him. 由于不知道他的电话号码，我无法与他取得联系。 [即学即练1]　单句语法填空 ①Having understood(understand)this，I took a deep breath and sat back into my seat，pretending I was really on a roller coaster. ②Having been told (tell) many times，he still made the same silly mistake. ③Being invited (invite) to the party was a great honour to the family. ④When I opened my hand，the bird did not fly away；she sat looking (look) at me with her bright eyes.(2023·浙江1月卷) ⑤Living (live) in an information era，we have easy and convenient access to various English learning resources. 二、动词-ing形式的句法功能 (一)动词-ing形式作主语 ①Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. (2024·九省联考) 跑步是保持身材的好方法，几乎每个人都能做到。 ②Cycling is the most economical，sustainable and fun way to explore the city.骑自行车是探索这座城市最经济、可持续的且有趣的方式。 ③Being blamed for the breakdown of the computer made me quite frustrated. 由于电脑坏掉而受到指责使我非常沮丧。 【名师点津】　动词-ing形式在句中作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把动词-ing形式放在句后。常用于句型：It is ＋ no use/no good/fun/a waste of time...＋ doing sth ①It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。 ②It's no good playing computer games too much. 玩太多的电脑游戏没好处。 [即学即练2]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①From what's mentioned above，protecting(protect)oceans becomes urgent. (2022·全国甲卷书面表达) ②Visiting (visit) the nursing home has always been a meaningful and interesting activity. ③I know it's no use feeling(feel) sad and worried，so I decide to do something to change the situation. 学生用书第101页 ④身处这样一个荒凉但漂亮的地方，我感到活着是幸运的。(读后续写之情感描写) Being in such a wild but beautiful place makes me feel blessed to be alive. ⑤独自走在黑暗的树林吓得我毛骨悚然。 Walking alone in the dark forest was so frightening as to make my hair stand on end. (二)动词-ing形式作表语 动词-ing形式作表语的两种不同含义： 1．动词-ing形式作表语可以表示主语的内容是什么。 ①The real question is getting to know the needs of the people. 真正的问题是了解人民的需求。 ②Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. ＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job. 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。 2．动词-ing形式作表语还可以表示主语所具有的特征。 ①His concern for his mother is very moving. 他对母亲的关心非常感人。 ②Your speech is very interesting and encouraging. 你的演讲很有趣而且很鼓舞人。 [即学即练3]　单句语法填空 ①The trip is very exciting (excite)，and we have decided to have a similar one. ②Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding (reward). (2023·全国乙卷) ③Your task is cleaning (clean) the old car over there on your own. ④It is well-known that the actions of each volunteer during the earthquake are inspiring(inspire) and admirable. ⑤Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning(learn) from his failures. (三)动词-ing形式作宾语 动词-ing形式既可作动词的宾语，又可作介词的宾语。 1．动词-ing形式作动词的宾语 ①Jessica Pink，an undergraduate student，suggests taking online courses with a friend...(2024·浙江1月卷) 本科生Jessica Pink建议和朋友一起参加在线课程…… ②Governments need to consider making policies and taking proper measures to conserve our ocean.(2022·全国甲卷书面表达) 政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当措施来保护我们的海洋。 ③He narrowly avoided being killed in the accident. 在这次事故中他九死一生。 [巧学助记]　口诀记忆只跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词(短语) 禁止幻想，(就)否定设想； forbid，fancy，deny，imagine 避免错过，(就)继续苦练； avoid，miss，keep/keep on，practice 允许冒险，(就)考虑逃亡； allow/permit，risk，consider，escape 推迟完成，(就)期盼原谅； delay/put off，finish，look forward to，excuse/pardon　 承认喜欢，(就)建议感激； admit，enjoy，suggest/advise，appreciate 容忍介意，(就)容忍讨厌。 stand，mind，bear，dislike 2．动词-ing形式作动词短语的宾语 ①I am looking forward to being admitted to a key university. 我期待被一所重点大学录取。 ②He insisted on doing it in his own way. 他坚持要按照自己的方法做。 学生用书第102页 [巧学助记]　常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有：devote to，feel like，look forward to，insist on，think of，dream of，object to，be engaged in，depend on，aim at，set about，be/get used to，be fond of，be afraid of，be tired of，succeed in，be interested in等。 3．动词-ing形式作介词的宾语 ①Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat，they would be given a second treat.(2024·浙江1月卷) 每个孩子都被告知，如果他们等15分钟再吃这块糖，他们将得到第二块糖。 ②We can save at least twenty minutes by walking through the park. 我们步行穿过公园至少可以节省二十分钟。 [即学即练4]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Put off watching (watch) your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. ②In the Digital Age，we're used to having (have)what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. ③The key to solving (solve) the problem is to meet the demand made by the customers. ④Let's all take action now and contribute to building(build) a harmonious environment.(倡议书) ⑤双胞胎和他们的父亲在厨房为母亲做早餐。 The kitchen witnessed the twins and the father engage themselves in making breakfast for their mother． (四)动词-ing形式作宾语补足语 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，表示一个正在进行的主动动作或一种状态，作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式与其前的宾语存在逻辑上的主动关系。能用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词： 1．表示感觉和心理状态的动词，即“感官动词(组)”，常见的有see，hear，feel，smell，find，notice，observe，look at，listen to等。 ①At that moment，I saw a brave butterfly flying in the sky. 那一刻，我看见一只勇敢的蝴蝶在天空中飞翔。 ②I felt somebody standing behind me. 我感觉有人站在我后面。 2．表示“叫、让、使”等指使意义的动词，即“使役动词”，常见的有have，set，keep，get，leave等。 ①I won't have you running about in the room. 我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。 ②We kept the fire burning all night long. 我们让火整夜燃烧着。 3．with复合结构(with＋宾语＋宾语补足语) 在句中常作时间、原因、方式或伴随状语，可位于句首或句尾。with复合结构为： with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行) with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成) with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来) ①With the Campus Art Festival approaching，an exhibition featuring original works of students is to be held.(邀请信) 随着校园艺术节的临近，一场以学生原创作品为特色的展览即将举行。 ②With my proposal declined，I was in low spirits. 由于我的提议被拒绝，我情绪很低落。 ③With so much work to do，he was nearly in despair. 有如此多的工作要做，他几乎绝望了。 [即学即练5]　单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级 ①I woke up to see my family and friends gathering(gather) in the room，with their eyes fixed on me.(读后续写之动作描写) ②After making sure that David could run if he wanted，I turned to find him coming(come) towards me...(2022·新高考 Ⅰ卷) ③We can't keep him waiting (wait) outside our home.We have to hurry.(2023·新课标 Ⅰ卷) 学生用书第103页 ④我一看到熊咬铁丝网，我就屏住呼吸，一动也不敢动。 The moment I saw the bear biting the wire fence，I held my breath，not daring to move an inch. ⑤Tears welled up in my eyes and I rushed out of the flat and ran along the street. →With tears welling up in my eyes，I rushed out of the flat and ran along the street.(with复合结构) →Tears welling up in my eyes，I rushed out of the flat and ran along the street.(独立主格结构) (五)动词-ing形式作定语 1．动词-ing形式作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面。 ①You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) 你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。 ②A reading room is a place suitable for learning.(表用途) 阅览室是一个适合学习的地方。 ③I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 我看着大卫和其他赛跑运动员一起向起跑线前进。 2．动词-ing形式短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。 ①He has sent two messages saying that he's done with his work at the office (＝which say that he's done with his work at the office)． 他发了两条信息说他已经完成了办公室的工作。 ②There is much evidence showing that music activities engage different parts of the brain. ＝There is much evidence which/that shows that music activities engage different parts of the brain. 有许多证据表明音乐活动占用大脑的不同部分。 [即学即练6]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①There has been a rise in the number of students applying(apply) for food courses at UK universities and colleges. ②The topic being discussed (discuss) now has drawn some experts' attention. ③There are several factors contributing (contribute) to the outbreak of sandstorm. ④西湖历史悠久，可追溯到汉代。(话题写作之景点介绍) The West Lake has a long history，dating back to the Han Dynasty. (六)动词-ing形式作状语 动词-ing形式(短语)作状语时，可以在句中充当让步、时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、伴随或补充说明等状语，与句子的主语有逻辑上的主谓关系(是主动的)，有时可以转化成相应的状语从句。 ①Hearing that I had won the contest，I was surprised and excited.My eyes widened and my mouth opened，hardly believing my ears.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写) 当我听到自己赢得了比赛时，我感到惊讶和兴奋。我的眼睛睁得大大的，嘴巴张开，几乎不敢相信自己的耳朵。 ②Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem，he asked the teacher for help. 因为不知道如何解这道物理难题，他求助于老师。 ③Having figured out what had happened，we rushed downstairs. 弄清楚发生了什么事后，我们冲下楼去。 ④We students stood up to show gratitude to our teachers，wishing them a happy new year.(伴随状语) 我们学生站起来向老师表示感谢，祝他们新年快乐。 ⑤Being responsible，honest and selfless，he is respected by everyone.(原因状语) 他负责、诚实、无私，深受大家的尊敬。 学生用书第104页 [即学即练7]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①They often cover only their eyes with their hands，leaving (leave)the rest of their bodies exposed. ②蜂鸟向我扑来，在我面前徘徊，用它明亮的眼睛看着我。 The hummingbird dived towards me and hovered before my face，looking at me with its bright eyes． ③看到我们走近，她笑逐颜开，露出了漂亮的小牙齿。(读后续写之神态描写) Seeing us approaching，she smiled joyfully，exposing nice little teeth. ④他用坚定的目光看着我，面带他一贯的笑容。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) He looked at me with firm eyes，wearing his usual big smile． 核心词汇练全 slip vi.滑倒；滑落；溜走 n．滑倒；小错误；纸条 【教材原句】　When he got out of the bathtub，he slipped and fell on the floor. 当他从浴缸里出来时，他滑倒在地板上。 slip away　　　 消失；悄悄溜走 slip down (成绩等)下滑 slip in/out 悄悄溜入/溜出 slip over 滑倒　　 【练透】——完成句子 ①他正小心翼翼沿着路走着，突然他脚下一滑摔倒在地。(读后续写之动作描写) He was walking cautiously along the road when his feet slipped and he fell over. ②得知你的成绩一直下滑，我感到很遗憾。 I feel sorry to know your grades have been slipping down． ③就是在他爸爸睡觉的时候，小男孩溜出了他的房间。 It was while his father was sleeping that the boy slipped out of his room． delay vi.& vt.推迟；延期(做某事) vt.耽误；耽搁 n．延误；耽搁(的时间)；推迟 【教材原句】　After arriving，the ambulance team quickly found Mrs Taylor and without delay gave her oxygen，put in an IV needle，and checked her vital signs. 救援队到达之后，很快就发现了泰勒女士，然后立刻给她输氧进行静脉注射并检查她的生命体征。 (1)delay doing sth　 推迟做某事 (2)without delay 毫不耽搁；立刻 one's delay in doing sth 某人做某事推迟/延期 (3)delayed adj. 延误的，延迟的　　 【练透】——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①They decide to have more workers for the project so that it won't be delayed (delay). ②As the old saying goes，“Never delay doing(do) something you should finish today.” ③狼正要把他撕成碎片时，麦克从自行车上跳下来，毫不犹豫地滑进了车里。(读后续写之动作描写) Mac jumped off the bike and slid into the car without hesitation/delay as the wolf was about to tear him into pieces. 学生用书第105页 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．It is a waste of time persuading(persuade) such a person to join us. 2．Occupying (occupy) himself in translating books all the time，he has no time to go camping with his family. 3．Hearing my words，David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling(spill)out of his eyes.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 4．Collecting (collect) enough information about the experiment is quite necessary to make sure that the data is correct. 5．Having been appointed(appoint) as chairman，Tony held a family get-together to celebrate it. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．完成赛跑对我们来说很有挑战性，但是没有人放弃。 It's really challenging for us to finish the race，but no one gave up. 2．一天早上，安的邻居特蕾西发现一只走失的狗在当地的一所中学周围游荡。 One morning，Ann's neighbor Tracy found a lost dog wandering around the local middle school. 3．每当我在学习上有困难，我首先会做的就是联系我的老师。 Whenever I have difficulty with my studies，contacting my teachers is what I will do first. 4．几天之内，她就病得很重，遭受着巨大的痛苦和不适。 Within a few days she became seriously ill，suffering great pain and discomfort． 课时测评19　Section Ⅲ　Learning about language—Discover useful structures (时间：35分钟　满分：52分) 层级(一)　基础巩固练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting (connect) Cusco to Lake Titicaca. 2．Committing (commit) himself to the development of education，he volunteered to teach in mountainous areas after graduation. 3．When we got a call saying (say) she was short-listed，we thought it was a joke. 4．People working (work) in green environment have been found to have fewer stomachaches. 5．He didn't come today，making (make) it necessary for us to find someone else to do his work. 6．The boy being scolded (scold) by the teacher lowered his head，tears of sadness streaming down his cheeks. 7．That night，there were millions of people watching(watch) the opening ceremony live on TV. 8．Faced with so many problems arising (arise) from lack of communication，I don't know how to deal with them independently. 9．During the memorable experience，I spent a large quantity of time helping(help) the elderly with daily tasks and offering companionship to them. 10．On that day，no matter how far they live，family members will get together，having(have) a big feast. Ⅱ.语法与写作(每小题2分，共12分) 1．我希望你继续努力写作，这样你就能使它们更生动。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) I hope you keep working on your writing，so you can bring them to life. 2．得知学校将开设英语角的消息后，我写信来提几点建议。 Learning that an English corner will be open in our school，I'm writing to give some advice. 3．进行体育锻炼是一种很好的缓解压力和改善心情的方式。 Doing physical activity is a great way to relieve stress and improve your mood. 4．因粗鲁行为向老师道歉后，他承诺以后不再犯同样的错误。 Having apologized to his teacher for his rude manners，he made a promise that he wouldn't make the same mistake. 5．随着世界变成地球村，英语变得越来越重要。 With the world becoming a global village，English is becoming more and more important. 6．每个人都有责任通过我们所能做的使我们的地球更清洁、更好。 Everyone is responsible for making our planet cleaner and better by doing what we can. 层级(二)　阅读提升练 Ⅰ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·湖北省部分市州高二年级期末) A few years ago，we bought a model Lego set for my dad's birthday，hoping to combine his love for architecture with family time.Each evening，my dad and I 1 the large dining table to plan our line of attack.We faced thousands of 2 white pieces，each packaged with precision in numbered plastic bags， 3 by a thick instruction booklet. We were amazed by how 4 the model was.We also realized the booklet itself was a work of art，beautiful，but also surprisingly 5 and clear.It provided us with the comfort of 6 ．We knew if we followed all the 7 ，we would end up with a mode that looked 8 like the picture on the box.If we made a mistake，all we had to do was 9 our steps，flip back the pages and start again. Life，however，does not 10 together so neatly and 11 provides us with such clear instructions.We talked over our respective lives，decisions made，and actions and choices never 12 ．We think we have the ability of 13 our life，but our choices are shaped by 14 beyond our control.In the face of uncertainty，we have to 15 ，trusting both in the process and the end result. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和父亲一起拼装乐高模型的经历，并从中感悟到人生与拼乐高的不同之处。 1．A．gathered around B．sided with C．lived off D．straightened up 答案：A 解析：根据后文“the large dining table to plan our line of attack”可知，作者和父亲围坐在餐桌旁计划拼装的策略。故选A。 2．A．vast B．tiny C．relevant D．original 答案：B 解析：根据常识和后文“white pieces，each packaged with precision in numbered plastic bags”可知，乐高积木是很小的白色积木块。故选B。 3．A．favored B．accompanied C．transformed D．covered 答案：B 解析：根据后文“by a thick instruction booklet”可知，乐高积木附有一本厚厚的说明书。故选B。 4．A．impractical B．unique C．complex D．dull 答案：C 解析：根据后文“We also realized the booklet itself was a work of art，beautiful，but also surprisingly and clear.”可知，说明书既漂亮又详细清晰，由此可知，模型很复杂。故选C。 5．A．ordinary B．abstract C．meaningless D．detailed 答案：D 解析：根据后文clear可知，说明书详细且清晰。故选D。 6．A．certainty B．relaxation C．insecurity D．competition 答案：A 解析：根据后文“We knew if we followed all the ，we would end up with a mode that looked like the picture on the box.”可知，如果作者和父亲按照说明书来，就能拼出和图片一样的模型，这给了他们确定性的安慰。故选A。 7．A．assessments B．circumstances C．instructions D．inferences 答案：C 解析：根据前文“ by a thick instruction booklet”可知，此处指遵循说明书。故选C。 8．A．initially B．ultimately C．exactly D．partly 答案：C 解析：根据后文“like the picture on the box”可知，拼出的模型和图片一模一样。故选C。 9．A．recycle B．retrace C．reveal D．recall 答案：B 解析：根据后文“our steps，flip back the pages and start again”可知，拼错的话要回溯步骤，翻回前几页重新开始。故选B。 10．A．fit B．occupy C．shift D．involve 答案：A 解析：根据后文“together so neatly”可知，生活并不像乐高积木那样整齐地契合在一起。故选A。 11．A．fundamentally B．merely C．slightly D．rarely 答案：D 解析：根据前文“Life，however，does not together so neatly”可知，生活很少给我们提供如此清晰的指示。故选D。 12．A．motivated B．declined C．opposed D．taken 答案：D 解析：根据前文“actions and choices”可知，此处指从未采取的行动和做出的选择。故选D。 13．A．controlling B．designing C．analyzing D．founding 答案：A 解析：根据后文“our life，but our choices are shaped by beyond our control”可知，此处指控制生活。故选A。 14．A．rays B．forces C．shadows D．instances 答案：B 解析：根据后文“beyond our control”可知，是无法控制的力量影响我们的选择。故选B。 15．A．proceed B．succeed C．predict D．interrupt 答案：A 解析：根据后文“trusting both in the process and the end result”可知，面对不确定性要继续前进。故选A。 Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·山东省威海市高二上学期期末) According to data from Trip.com，during this year's National Day holiday，people have flocked to cities and attractions rich in cultural heritage，with a strong tendency 1. (explore) themes closely related to culture.The four most 2. (search) themes highlight people's strong interest in “Traveling with Textbooks”，popular museums，music festivals and study tours. “Traveling with Textbooks” means parents taking their children to visit cities or sites 3. historical events in the textbooks took place or that are featured in their school materials.For instance，some have traveled to Fenghuang Ancient Town in central 4. (China) Hunan Province after reading Shen Congwen's “Border Town”，or visited Tsinghua University，inspired by renowned Chinese poet Zhu Ziqing's “Moonlight over the Lotus Pond”． Additionally，5. (tour) has been heavily influenced by films and video games.For example，fans of the TV series “To the Wonder” 6. (draw) to Altay，a county-level city in northwest Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region，while some explore Shanxi Province，inspired by the popular game “Black Myth：Wukong”． Visits to museums have also increased a lot.For instance，the Sanxingdui Museum in Sichuan Province recently launched the country's first immersive VR experience of 7. archaeological site，leading to tickets 8. (sell) out during the holiday. In recent years，as the economy and society have rapidly developed，people have placed 9. (great) emphasis on cultural and spiritual life than ever.This shift in travel preferences reflects a 10. (grow) appreciation for traditional Chinese culture and an increasing confidence in national identity. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国庆假期人们纷纷涌向文化遗产丰富的城市和景点，探索与文化密切相关的主题的趋势。 1．答案：to explore 解析：短语tendency to do sth表示“做某事的趋势”，动词不定式作定语。故填to explore。 2．答案：searched 解析：此处为非谓语动词，search与themes构成被动关系，故用动词-ed形式作定语。故填searched。 3．答案：where 解析：空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词sites，空处在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 4．答案：China's 解析：此处China与Hunan Province为所属关系，故填China's。 5．答案：tourism 解析：空处作句子的主语，用名词，故填tourism。 6．答案：are drawn 解析：根据后文while some explore可知，为一般现在时，主语fans of the TV series “To the Wonder”为复数，与谓语构成被动关系，故填are drawn。 7．答案：an 解析：此处site为泛指，且archaeological是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 8．答案：sold 解析：此处tickets与sell为被动关系，故用动词-ed形式。故填sold。 9．答案：greater 解析：根据后面的than可知，应用形容词的比较级。故填greater。 10．答案：growing 解析：修饰名词appreciation用形容词，故填growing。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $