UNIT 3 Section Ⅲ Learning about language-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（人教版）

Section Ⅲ　Learning about language—Discover useful structures 过去完成时和过去完成时的被动语态 语法串烧 我的发现 　　Our school was built in 1902.When I studied there，it ①had been famous throughout the country.By 1978，the school ②had changed several times.By the end of last century，our school ③had become a provincial model high school.When I graduated，our school ④had won many honors both at home and abroad.Before last year's anniversary of the founding of our school，all the school buildings ⑤had been rebuilt and it is now larger and more beautiful than before. 1．加黑处的时态均为过去完成时； 2．加黑处①、②、③、④均为过去完成时的主动语态，其基本结构是“had＋过去分词”； 3．加黑处⑤为过去完成时的被动语态，其基本结构是“had been＋过去分词”。 一、过去完成时的概念 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。 1．过去完成时表示在过去某个动作或某个具体的时间之前已经发生、完成的动作或存在的状态，句中常用by，before，until，when等词引导时间状语。 ①David's tearful eyes expressed that he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 大卫泪眼汪汪，表示他已下定决心完成越野跑。 ②By the end of 2024，John had repaired more than 140 bikes for donation or to be returned to their owners. 到2024年底，约翰已经修理了140多辆自行车，这些自行车要么被捐赠出去，要么被返还给原主。 ③I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. 到昨天晚上九点，我已经读完了那本小说。 ④More than three thousand English words had been learned by us by the end of last term. 到上学期末我们已经学习了三千多个英语单词。 2．用于hardly/scarcely...when...，no sooner...than...等表示“刚……就……”或“一……就……”的固定句型中。 ①Hardly had I got the good news that the 8th International Tea Culture Festival would be held in our city when I was writing to invite you to the festival.(邀请信) 一得知第八届国际茶文化节在我市举办的好消息，我就写信邀请你参加。 ②No sooner had I got home than the rain poured down. 我刚到家，大雨就倾盆而下。 3．在“That/It was the first/second/... time＋从句”中，从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时。 It was the third time that he had been out of work that year. 这是他那一年第三次失业了。 学生用书第59页 4．有些动词，如plan，hope，expect，intend，mean等，用过去完成时表示“原本打算做而未做成”。 ①She had intended to clean out the spare room last week，but it was much too occupied at that time. 上周她本打算把空房间打扫干净，但当时房间太满了。 ②We had hoped to be able to come and see you. 我们本希望能来看看你。 5．在wish，if only，as if，would rather等后面的从句中，常用过去完成时表示对过去的假设或虚拟。 ①We haven't met before.But he talked with me as if we had known each other for a long time. 我们以前没见过面。但他和我说话，好像我们已经认识很长时间了。 ②Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I had danced as well as her at last party. Ellen是个出色的舞蹈家。我真希望我在上次聚会上跳得和她一样好。 ③Pity that I missed the Women's Volleyball Match on Tuesday.If only I had booked the ticket in advance! 错过了周二的女排比赛真是太可惜了。要是我提前订票就好了！ [即学即练1]　单句语法填空 ①When I finally finished it，the thought of winning had given (give) way to the enjoyment of writing.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) ②He hesitated and then said he had decided(decide) not to run.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) ③I had expected(expect)the operation to be painful，but I didn't feel a thing. ④By the end of last month he had worked(work) in Shanghai for twenty years. ⑤When I got to school，I realized I had left(leave) my bag at home. ⑥The media reported that these companies had treated (treat) pollution as a hot potato. 二、过去完成时的构成 1．肯定句：主语＋had＋done＋其他 2．否定句：主语＋had＋not＋done＋其他 3．一般疑问句：Had＋主语＋done＋其他？ 4．特殊疑问句：疑问代词/疑问副词＋had＋主语＋done＋其他？ ①Had the movie been on for half an hour when you got to the cinema? 当你们到达电影院时，电影已经开始半个小时了吗？ ②She seemed astonished that I had never been to Paris. 我从未去过巴黎，这似乎使她大为惊奇。 ③Where had you been before you came here? 你来这里前还去过哪儿？ [即学即练2]　句型转换 Jane had already had breakfast before she arrived at the hotel.(肯定形式) →Jane had not yet had breakfast before she arrived at the hotel.(否定形式) →Had Jane already had breakfast before she arrived at the hotel？(一般疑问句) →Who had already had breakfast before she arrived at the hotel？(特殊疑问句，对Jane提问) 三、过去完成时的被动语态的形式 1．肯定句：主语＋had been done＋其他成分 2．否定句：主语＋had not been done＋其他成分 3．一般疑问句：Had＋主语＋been done＋其他成分？ 4．特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done＋其他成分？ ①The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in. 这个男孩被提醒还未交作业。 ②How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended? 当飓风结束时，有多少建筑物被摧毁了？ 学生用书第60页 ③Within weeks，it had all been digested，and all that was left was pure water.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) 几周之内，它就被全部消化了，只剩下纯净水。 [即学即练3]　单句语法填空 ①A new agreement had been signed (sign) by the time we got there. ②The professor was delighted to find that the project had been finished (finish) by the students independently. ③She returned home and found all the furniture had been ruined (ruin) by the flood. ④This polluted river had been cleaned (clean) by the end of last month. ⑤Yesterday I returned the book that had been borrowed (borrow) before. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．I had expected(expect) to come over to see you last night，but someone called me and I couldn't get away. 2．She said that she had made (make) much progress since she came here. 3．By the end of last year another new gymnasium had been completed(complete) in Beijing. 4．It was the first time since 2020 she had been allowed (allow) to meet Britain's most senior representative. Ⅱ.句型转换 1．By the end of last year we had built five new buildings. →Five new buildings had been built by the end of last year.(变为被动语态) 2．Someone had broken into my house before I returned. →My house had been broken into (by someone) before I returned.(变为被动语态) 3．She had finished writing the composition by 10：00 this morning. (1)She hadn't finished writing the composition by 10：00 this morning.(变为否定句) (2)Had she finished writing the composition by 10：00 this morning？(变为一般疑问句) (3)Who had finished writing the composition by 10：00 this morning？(对句中主语she提问) 课时测评11　Section Ⅲ　Learning about language—Discover useful structures (时间：35分钟　满分：52分) 层级(一)　基础巩固练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．That was the last time I had made (make) such a foolish mistake. 2．Yesterday，the city government rewarded those who had made (make) contributions to the city's construction in the last years. 3．It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they had done(do) for me. 4．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)It felt great to know that I had helped (help) bring this family together again. 5．Tom had learned (learn) about cuisine in the restaurant before he came here. 6．Before retiring，she had won(win) four gold medals at two Winter Olympic Games. 7．By the time he got to school，the first class had been finished (finish). 8．I had meant (mean) to offer you a hand，but I was otherwise engaged then. 9．That was the first time that she had been left (leave) alone at home during the weekends，bored to death. 10．One morning she told her children about a family she had visited(visit) the day before. Ⅱ.语法与写作(每小题2分，共12分) 1．我本打算周五下午和你一起去书店，但是发生了意想不到的事情。 I had intended to go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon，but something unexpected happened. 2．我们到那里时，所有的票都卖完了。 By the time we got there，all the tickets had been sold out． 3．前门一被打开，我们就能闻到烧焦的气味。 Hardly had the front door been opened when we could smell something burning. 4．这是我第一次在公众场合被别人嘲笑。 It was the first time that I had been laughed at by others in public． 5．他突然想起他的作业被忘在家里了。 It suddenly occurred to him that his homework had been left at home． 6．所有的学生都对此感到兴奋，并以极大的热情为它做好了准备。 All the students were excited about it and had been prepared for it with great passion． 层级(二)　阅读提升练 Ⅰ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) My relationship with food has always been complicated (复杂的).If you trace my family tree，you'll 1 a branch filled with issues of food and obesity (肥胖)，which were passed down to me in my nine-pound，twelve-ounce birth.When I was three years old，my father died，and food— 2 sugar—became my support in the face of that 3 ． Whether in sadness or happiness，sugar was my 4 ．It could be adapted to every occasion.It made me feel included and normal，but my 5 on it and the resulting health consequences began to appear even at the age of five. In my life，there have been what seemed like the 6 moments ever.But with time and 7 perspectives，they eventually became critical and transformative moments.Out of 8 ，my mother sent me to a weight loss camp when I was fourteen years old.I feared I'd return to the hopelessness of regaining lost weight，but a voice whispered within me，“You should 9 others.You should create a truly effective plan.” With each failed attempt at dieting，that voice grew louder.It pushed me to seek my own 10 and aroused (激起) a desire to help others.I never imagined a(n) 11 relationship with food was possible，but I kept 12 ．Finally，I ended my relationship with sugar and found a way to rebuild my relationship with food.It's been a long and 13 journey，but 14 I created a program that could help people in the way I badly 15 ．And that program took off quickly. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过努力终于找到了与食物和谐共处的方式，并帮助更多人拥有健康的体魄。 1．A．mark B．find C．build D．seek 答案：B 解析：根据文中的“If you trace my family tree...of food and obesity(肥胖)”可知，如果你追溯“我”的家谱，你会发现一个充满着食物和肥胖问题的分支。 2．A．surprisingly B．especially C．equally D．generally 答案：B 解析：参照第3题。 3．A．relief B．anger C．pain D．worry 答案：C 解析：根据文中的“When I was three years old，my father died...became my support in the face of that ．”可知，“我”三岁时，父亲去世了，食物——尤其是糖——帮助“我”面对痛苦。 4．A．comfort B．reward C．specialty D．medicine 答案：A 解析：参照第5题。 5．A．feeling B．insistence C．opinion D．dependence 答案：D 解析：根据文中的“Whether in sadness or happiness...began to appear even at the age of five.”可知，无论是悲伤还是快乐，糖都是“我”的慰藉，它能适应各种场合，让“我”感到被包容，但对它的依赖和由此带来的健康后果在“我”五岁时就开始出现了。 6．A．strangest B．worst C．latest D．happiest 答案：B 解析：参照第7题。 7．A．different B．common C．funny D．problematical 答案：A 解析：根据文中的“In my life，there have been...they eventually became critical and transformative moments.”可知，在“我”的人生中，有些时刻看起来完全是“我”的至暗时刻。但随着时间的推移和不同视角的变化，它们最终变成了关键性和变革性的时刻。 8．A．curiosity B．trust C．respect D．concern 答案：D 解析：根据文中的“Out of...I was fourteen years old.”可知，出于担心，母亲在“我”十四岁那年送“我”去参加减肥营。 9．A．follow B．satisfy C．meet D．help 答案：D 解析：根据文中的“I feared I'd return to the...You should create a truly effective plan.”以及下文中的“aroused(激起) a desire to help others”可知，“我”害怕“我”会回到体重反弹的绝望中。但这时一个声音在“我”心中低语：“你应该帮助别人，你应该制定一个真正有效的计划。” 10．A．rules B．chances C．solutions D．excuses 答案：C 解析：根据文中的“With each failed attempt at dieting，that voice grew louder...to help others.”可知，随着每一次节食的失败，那个声音变得越来越大。它促使“我”寻求自己的解决方案，并激发了“我”帮助他人的愿望。 11．A．stressful B．peaceful C．embarrassing D．obvious 答案：B 解析：参照第13题。 12．A．winning B．pretending C．trying D．laughing 答案：C 解析：参照第13题。 13．A．tough B．romantic C．discouraging D．interesting 答案：A 解析：根据文中的“I never imagined a(n)...journey”可知，“我”从未想过自己能与食物和平相处，但“我”一直在努力。最后，“我”结束了对糖的依赖，找到了重建“我”与食物关系的方法，而这是一段漫长而艰难的过程。 14．A．occasionally B．calmly C．unwillingly D．eventually 答案：D 解析：参照第15题。 15．A．forgot B．feared C．needed D．questioned 答案：C 解析：根据文中的but I created a program...And that program took off quickly.可知，最终“我”创建了一个项目，这个项目可以以“我”当时急需的方式帮助他人。 Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·安徽省十校联考高二上学期期末) In recent years，China's new-style milk tea has blended traditional tea culture with modern creativity.1. has captured the attention of young consumers are its unique flavors and trendy designs. Milk tea，a satisfaction to people's 2. (stomach)，is rarely 3. (absence) from social media trends.Collaborative drinks，such as the Luckin Coffee × Black Myth：Wukong series，4. (win) widespread admiration for their bold flavors and cultural references since its introduction into the market. Legend has it that the idea for such collaborations arose from a tea shop's attempt to capture the attention of 5. target audience.Early efforts，which relied on 6. (simple) and more traditional designs，proved 7. vain，failing to stand out in a competitive market，until the innovative themed drinks emerged and reshaped the game. The process is meticulous (一丝不苟的)，involving choosing high-quality tea bases 8. blending signature flavors with iconic elements，such as monkey-shaped foam art. With its growing appeal，Chinese milk tea culture is bound 9. (enjoy) international fame.A trip 10. (schedule) to try these collaborations will not be disappointing! 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来中国新式奶茶将传统茶文化与现代创意相结合，受到年轻消费者喜爱的原因及发展趋势。 1．答案：What 解析：空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，用 what引导，意为“……的东西”。句首首字母大写。故填What。 2．答案：stomachs 解析：people's表明此处是“胃”的复数形式，表示多数人的胃。故填stomachs。 3．答案：absent 解析：此处需要形容词absent作表语，表示“缺席的”。故填absent。 4．答案：have won 解析：根据时间状语“since its introduction into the market”可知，主句需要用现在完成时，主语为Collaborative drinks，助动词用have。故填have won。 5．答案：the 解析：此处“target audience”是特指该茶店的目标客户群体，需用定冠词the。故填the。 6．答案：simpler/more simple 解析：此处比较早期尝试与后期主题设计的创新性，需用 simple 的比较级 simpler或 more simple。故填simpler/more simple。 7．答案：in 解析：固定搭配 in vain表示“徒劳，无效”。故填 in。 8．答案：and 解析：此处前后文为并列关系，故填 and。 9．答案：to enjoy 解析：固定搭配 be bound to do sth表示“一定做某事”。故填 to enjoy。 10．答案：scheduled 解析：此处非谓语作后置定语，修饰trip，schedule和trip是被动关系，应用动词-ed形式。故填 scheduled。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $