UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ Lesson 1-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（北师大版）

本高中英语讲义以“幽默故事阅读”为核心知识点，通过Pre-reading图片提问引入主题，While-reading分层训练主旨归纳、段落匹配、细节理解及推理判断等阅读技能，Post-reading结合难句解构、佳句仿写与品质升华，构建“导入-技能训练-语言应用与思维拓展”的完整学习支架。 该资料以任务驱动设计为特色，通过三个幽默故事（如福尔摩斯露营推理题）提升语言能力，品质升华问题“你如何看待幽默的必要性”培养思维品质，词汇句式系统梳理（如“be doing...when...”句型）辅助课后巩固。其“以读促思、讲练结合”的教学方法，课中助力教师分层引导，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，强化语言应用与思维发展。

Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1 Step One：Pre-reading Look at the picture and answer the following question. What can make us laugh？ There are a lot of things that people still laugh happily in life，such as：jokes，funny stories，sketches，cross talks and so on.As long as we face life with a positive attitude，and are good at discovering the beauty of life，happiness is everywhere. Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What’s the main idea of the text？ A．The ideas about humour. B．The importance of humour. C．The ways to express humour. D．The three stories about humour. 答案：D Ⅱ.Match the main idea with each story Story A　　A．The painful life story of a comedian. Story B 　B． Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson go camping with a lot of humour. Story C C．An interesting story about a famous art collector and a shopkeeper. 答案：Story A－C　CBA Ⅲ.Read for the structure Ⅳ.Read for details 1．What had the collector in Story A intended to do？ A．To buy the cat at a low price. B．To get the saucer in a smart way. C．To buy the cat for 200 dollars. D．To get the cat to drink more milk. 2．Why could Sherlock Holmes and Dr.Watson see millions of stars when they woke up？ A．Because it would be a beautiful day the next day. B．Because they drank a bottle of wine. C．Because the time was probably a quarter past three. D．Because someone had stolen their tent. 学生用书第8页 3．What can we infer from Story B？ A．Dr.Watson misunderstood Holmes at first. B．Dr.Watson and Holmes enjoyed camping. C．Dr.Watson and Holmes enjoyed drinking. D．Dr.Watson and Holmes were astronomers. 4．Why did Grock go to see the doctor？ A．He had broken up with his wife. B．He ran into a lot of trouble in life. C．He had high blood pressure. D．He was deep in a heavy debt. 答案：1－4　BDAB Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 1．教材原句：He noticed that the saucer was an antique and very valuable，so he walked casually into the store and innocently offered to buy the cat for 20 dollars. 结构分析：此句为并列复合句，由so连接两个并列从句。其中that引导宾语从句，so作为连词，连接前后句子。 汉语翻译：他注意到浅碟是一件古董，很值钱，于是他漫不经心地走进店里，假装不知情的样子，提出要花20美元买那只猫。 2．教材原句：I hear there’s an amazing clown who’ll really make you laugh. 结构分析：此句为复合句，句中hear后接省略that的宾语从句，who引导定语从句。 汉语翻译：我听说有个很棒的小丑，他肯定能逗笑你。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．[教材佳句]　And the owner said，“Sorry my friend， but that’s my lucky saucer.So far this week I’ve sold 68 cats.” (语言描写) [学后仿写]　“奶奶，我们要织一双新手套吗？”我满怀希望地问道。 “Grandma，shall we knit a new pair of gloves？” I asked hopefully. 2．[教材佳句]　The bleeding man next to him was looking at his watch nervously；a woman was coughing and sneezing badly；and a baby was screaming.(动作场景描写) [学后仿写]　天亮时，埃文继续步行寻找他的团队，狗陪着他。 When day broke，Evan continued walking to look for his group，and the dog accompanied him． Ⅲ.品质升华 1．Which of the three stories do you like most？Why？(Critical Thinking批判性思维) I like Story C best.Because it expresses humour through ironic technique，especially the last line plays the role of finishing point，so that humour achieves an unexpected effect. 2．How do you think of humour？ Do you think it is necessary in our life？ Why or why not？(Creative Thinking创造性思维) Humour makes people laugh，and laughter is the shortest distance between people；humour can make the old become younger，and make the young more mature，so it is a popular and elegant art of life.Therefore，humour is very important and needed in people’s daily life. ……………………………………………………………………………◎ ①lap v．(动物)舔食，舔着喝 ②saucer/'sɔːsə/n.杯托 ③doorway/'dɔːweɪ/n.门口，出入口 ④do a double take惊讶地又看了一眼 ⑤antique/ˌæn'tiːk/n.古董 adj.古时制造的 ⑥casually/'kæʒuəli/adv.漫不经心地；非正式地 casual adj.不经意的，漫不经心的，不在乎的 ⑦innocently/'ɪnəsəntli/adv.装作若无其事地；无辜地 innocent adj.无辜的，无罪的；天真无邪的 n．无辜者，单纯的人 innocence n．清白，无罪；天真，单纯 ⑧for sale待售，供出售(尤指从主人手里) on sale出售，上市；折价销售，减价出售 ⑨appetite/'æpɪtaɪt/n.胃口，食欲 a good appetite胃口好 ⑩hand over把……送交，交出 throw in额外赠送 so far this week本周至今 retire for the night去睡觉 retire　熟词生义　vi.睡觉，就寝 faithful/'feɪθfəl/adj.忠诚的 be faithful to...对……忠诚 deduce/dɪ'djuːs/vt.推论，推断 deduce...from...从……推断出…… astronomy/ə'strɒnəmi/n.天文学 astronomer n．天文学家 galaxy/'ɡæləksi/n.星系 the Galaxy银河，银河系 potentially/pə'tenʃəli/adv.可能地，潜在地 potential adj.潜在的，可能的n.可能性；潜力，潜质 scientific measurement科学计算 scientific/ˌsaɪən'tɪfɪk/adj.科学(上)的 measurement/'meʒəmənt/n.测量，计量，衡量 atmosphere/'ætməsfɪə/n.大气(层)；气氛，氛围，环境 forecast/'fɔːkɑːst/vt.预测，预报 middle-aged adj.中年的 down adj.情绪低落，沮丧，悲哀 ages n．[pl.]很长时间 surgery/'sɜːdʒəri/n.诊所；外科手术 surgeon/'sɜːdʒən/n.外科医生 bleed/'bliːd/vi.流血，出血 bleed to death失血而亡 [拓展]　blood n．血 give blood献血 sneeze/sniːz/vi.&n.打喷嚏 scream/skriːm/vi.尖声大叫 n．尖叫声 consultation/ˌkɒnsəl'teɪʃən/n.就诊；咨询 consult vt.&vi.咨询，请教 consultant n．会诊医师；顾问 a bit of...(谈及负面事情时用)有点儿 crisis/'kraɪsɪs/n.危机；危难时刻 financial crisis经济危机 in crisis处于危机之中 pale adj.(人、面孔等)苍白的，白皙的 examine/ɪɡ'zæmɪn/vt.检查 examination n．检查 announce/ə'naʊns/vt.宣布，宣告 afterwards/'ɑːftəwədz/adv.随后，后来 breathe heavily呼吸困难 circus/'sɜːkəs/n.马戏团 clown/klaʊn/n.小丑 ◎…………………………………………………………………………… What’s So Funny？ Story A A famous art collector was walking through the city when he noticed a dirty cat lapping① milk from a saucer② in the doorway③ of a store.[1]He did a double take④. [1]画线部分是“sb was doing sth when...”句型，意为“某人正在做某事，这时(突然)……”，when为并列连词，连接两个并列分句，其中前一分句常用过去进行时，后一分句常用一般过去时。 学生用书第9页 He noticed that the saucer was an antique⑤ and very valuable，so he walked casually⑥ into the store and innocently⑦ offered to buy the cat for 20 dollars. The store owner replied，“I’m sorry，but the cat isn’t for sale⑧.” The collector said，“Please，I need a hungry cat with a good appetite⑨ around the house to catch mice.I’ll pay you 200 dollars for that cat.” The owner said “sold” and handed over⑩ the cat. The collector continued，“Hey，for the 200 dollars I wonder if you could throw in that old saucer[2].The cat’s used to it and it’ll save me from having to get a dish.” [2]“I wonder if you could...”是一个常用句型，常用来表示说话者礼貌、委婉的请求，可译为“不知你是否能够……”。 And the owner said，“Sorry my friend，but that’s my lucky saucer.So far this week I’ve sold 68 cats.” Story B Sherlock Holmes and Dr.Watson went on a camping trip.After a good dinner and a bottle of wine，they retired for the night，and went to sleep. Some hours later，Holmes woke up and asked his faithful friend，“Watson，look up at the sky and tell me what you see.” “I see millions and millions of stars，Holmes，”replied Watson. “And what do you deduce from that？” Watson thought for a minute.“Well，according to the studies on astronomy，it tells me that there are millions of galaxies and potentially billions of planets.According to the positions of the stars，I observe that Saturn is in Leo.According to the scientific measurement of time，I deduce that the time is probably a quarter past three.According to the current atmosphere，I forecast that we will have a beautiful day tomorrow.What does it tell you，Holmes？” Holmes was silent for a moment.“Watson，”he said，“someone has stolen our tent！” Story C A middle-agedman was feeling very down.[3]Everything had been going wrong for him.He had had problems at work and his wife had left him for another man.So，after he had been feeling depressed for over a month，he decided to go to the doctor.He had to wait for what seemed like ages in the doctor’s surgery [4]. 学生用书第10页 The bleeding man next to him was looking at his watch nervously；a woman was coughing and sneezing badly；and a baby was screaming.Finally，after he had been waiting for about half an hour，he was called in for his consultation.The doctor was writing a note at her desk when he came in.“Sorry，I’m just finishing something.I’m afraid we’ve been very busy this morning.” She then turned to the man.“So，what’s the problem？” she asked. [3]此处的feel是一个状态动词。状态动词如果用进行时，可以强调某一具体时间的特殊状态，或某种暂时的心理状态或活动。在本句中，was feeling表示一种暂时的状态。 [4]画线部分为what引导的宾语从句，在句中作介词for的宾语。what在宾语从句中作主语。 “Well，I’ve been having a bit of a crisis，you know，lots of problems，” replied the man.“And I’ve been doing a lot of work.” “Mmm，you’re looking very pale.”The doctor started to examine him.“Well，everything is working OK，”she announced afterwards.“You have slightly high blood pressure and you’re breathing quite heavily，but otherwise everything’s fine.” “So what can I do？” asked the man.“I’m going on a trip soon.I will be working in the United States for three months.This time next week，I’ll be arriving in New York.” The doctor thought for a while.“I think what you need is a good laugh.That would do you a lot of good.A circus is performing in town.Why don’t you go to see it？I hear there’s an amazing clown who’ll really make you laugh.His name’s Grock.” “I am Grock，” replied the man sadly. ……………………………………………………………………………◎ 有什么好笑的？ 故事A 一位著名的艺术品收藏家在穿过城市时看见一只脏猫在一家商店门口舔饮浅碟中的牛奶。他惊讶地又看了一眼。 他注意到浅碟是一件古董，很值钱，于是他漫不经心地走进店里，假装不知情的样子，提出要花20美元买那只猫。 店主回答道：“不好意思，这只猫不卖。” 收藏家说：“拜托了，我正需要一只又饿胃口又好的猫帮我抓屋里的老鼠呢。我可以出200美元买那只猫。” 店主说了声“成交”，就把猫给了他。 学生用书第11页 收藏家接着说：“嘿，200美元的话你能不能把那个旧碟子也送给我。毕竟这只猫已经习惯了用它，这样也省得我再去买猫食盆了。” 店主说：“对不起，朋友，那可是我的幸运碟。到现在为止，这周我已经卖出去68只猫了。” 故事B 夏洛克·福尔摩斯和华生医生去野营。他们吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐，喝了一瓶葡萄酒后，就准备休息，去睡觉了。 几小时后，福尔摩斯醒了，问他忠实的朋友：“华生，抬头看看天空，告诉我你看到了什么。” “福尔摩斯，我看到无数的星星，”华生回答。 “那你从中推断出什么？” 华生想了一会儿。“嗯，根据天文学研究推断，现在天空中有数百万的星系，可能还有数十亿颗行星。根据星星的位置判断，我发现现在土星在狮子座。根据科学计时测算，我推断现在大概是三点一刻。根据目前的大气条件，我预测明天天气会很好。福尔摩斯，你推断出了什么？” 福尔摩斯沉默了一会儿。“华生，”他说，“有人偷了我们的帐篷！” 故事C 一个中年男子觉得非常沮丧。(最近)他诸事不顺。他在工作上遇到了问题，妻子又跟别的男人跑了。于是，在沮丧了一个多月后，他决定去看医生。他在医生的诊室里等着，像是等了几个世纪。旁边的男人在流血，紧张地看着手表；一个女人使劲咳嗽、打喷嚏；还有个婴儿在哭闹。等了大约半小时后，终于叫到他就诊了。他进去时医生正在办公桌上写便条。“抱歉，我刚忙完别的事，恐怕我们今天上午很忙。”之后她转向中年男子问道，“那么，你怎么了？” “是这样的，我最近遭遇了一点危机，嗯，是出现了很多问题，”那人回答道，“而且我工作一直很忙。” “嗯，你看起来很苍白。”医生开始给他检查。“嗯，一切正常，”她检查后说道。“你血压有点高，呼吸很困难，但其他方面都正常。” “那我该怎么办？”那人问道。“我很快就要出差了，要在美国工作三个月。下星期的这个时候，我就去纽约了。” 医生想了一会儿。“我觉得你需要开怀大笑，笑出来对你很有好处。城里刚好有马戏团表演，你怎么不去看看呢？我听说马戏团里有个很棒的小丑，叫格罗克，他肯定能逗笑你。” “可我就是格罗克，”那人悲伤地回答。 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．an antique shop 一家古董店 2．loss of appetite 食欲不振 3．fields of astronomy 天文学领域 4．a middle-aged person 一个中年人 5．put cups in saucer 把杯子放杯托里 6．sleep in shop doorways 露宿商店门口 7．deduce a conclusion 推断出一个结论 8．a distant galaxy 一个遥远的星系 9．require surgery 需要做手术 10．give a violent sneeze 打了个大喷嚏 学生用书第12页 11．economic crisis 经济危机 12．work in a circus 在马戏团工作 ◎核心单词——练通 1．a party atmosphere 聚会的气氛 2．the weather forecast 天气预报 3．bleed to death 流血而死 4．scream with excitement 兴奋地喊叫着 5．deserve more attention 值得更多关注 6．shortly afterwards 不久之后 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．casually adv.漫不经心地；非正式地 →casual adj.漫不经心的；非正式的 2．innocently adv.装作若无其事地；无辜地 →innocent adj.天真的；无辜的 →innocence n．清白；无罪；无辜 3．faithful adj.忠诚的 →faith n．信心；信任 →faithfully adv.忠诚地 4．scientific adj.科学(上)的 →scientifically adv.科学地 →science n．科学 →scientist n．科学家 5．measurement n．测量，计量，衡量 →measure n．措施；尺寸 vt.测量 6．consultation n．就诊；咨询 →consult v．咨询 7．examine vt.检查 →examination n．检查 8．announce vt.宣布，宣告 →announcement n．宣布 1．规律：形容词后跟-ally变成副词 scientific adj.科学(上)的 →scientifically adv.科学地 示例：dramatic adj.戏剧(性)的；突然的 →dramatically adv.戏剧地；显著地 2．规律：动词后跟-ment变成名词 announce vt.宣布，宣告 →announcement n．宣布 示例：excite v．使激动 →excitement n．兴奋，刺激；令人兴奋/激动的事　　 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．出售；待售　　　　　 for sale 2．醒来；开始警觉；开始了解真相 wake up 3．根据，按照；据……所说 according to 4．几乎，差不多；紧挨着；居于……之后 next to 5．转向；变成；求助于 turn to 第二组　英译汉 6．hand over　　　　　　　　　 交出；移交 7．throw in 额外赠送 8．walk through 走过 9．look up at 抬头看；往上看 10．millions and millions of 成千上万的 11．wait for 等候 12．call in 召集；召来 13．a bit of 一点 ◎典型句式——默背 1．句型公式　if引导名词性从句，意为“是否”。 教材原句　Hey，for the 200 dollars I wonder if you could throw in that old saucer (你能不能把那个旧碟子送给我). 2．句型公式　was/were doing sth when...意为“正在做某事，这时(突然)……”。 教材原句　The doctor was writing a note at her desk when (正在她办公桌上写便条这时突然)he came in. 3．句型公式　but otherwise但除此之外 教材原句　You have slightly high blood pressure and you’re breathing quite heavily，but otherwise (但除此之外)everything’s fine. 学生用书第13页 Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 appetite n．胃口，食欲 (教材原句)...Please，I need a hungry cat with a good appetite around the house to catch mice. ……拜托了，我正需要一只又饿胃口又好的猫帮我抓屋里的老鼠呢。 (1)lose one’s appetite for... 失去……食欲，胃口不好 (2)appetite n. 欲望，爱好 have an appetite for... 渴望……　　 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She has developed an appetite for classical music since she joined the music club. ②He has no appetite for study because he stayed up too late last night. ③晚饭后，我对这顿饭没有胃口，于是我去公园散步了。 After the dinner， which I had no appetite for， I went for a walk in the park. measurement n．测量，计量，衡量 (教材原句)According to the scientific measurement of time，I deduce that the time is probably a quarter past three. 根据科学计时测算，我推断现在大概是三点一刻。 (1)measure vi.& vt. (长度、数量)为；测量；衡量 n. 计量制；计量单位；措施；尺寸 measure ...by ... 用……来衡量…… be measured by/in 用……来衡量/计算 (2)take measures/steps/action to do sth 采取措施做某事 make sth to sb’s measure 照某人的尺寸做某物 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Regular measurement (measure) of blood pressure is important for the elderly. ②We should not measure a person’s value only by their appearance. ③The old man planted a big tree， measuring (measure) over ten meters high， in his yard. ④因此，是我们采取措施防止水被污染的时候了。(应用文写作之倡议书) Therefore，it’s high time that we took measures/steps/action to prevent water from being polluted. ⑤这套套装很合我身，因为是量身定做的。(读后续写之细节描写) The suit fits me well because it is made to my measure． 【温馨提示】　measure表示“某物有……长(宽/高等)”时，为不及物动词，后接表示数量单位的内容，不用于被动语态和进行时；表示“措施”时，常用复数形式。 announce vt.宣布，宣告 (教材原句)“Well，everything is working OK，”she announced afterwards.“嗯，一切正常，”她检查后说道。 (1) announce that ...　 宣布…… It is announced that ... 据宣布…… (2)announcement n.　 通告，宣告，预告 make an announcement 下通知，宣布 (3)announcer n. 宣告者；播音员 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Please announce to your class that there will be no school tomorrow. 学生用书第14页 ②We were eager to hear the announcement (announce) of the winners of the race. ③Learning that our school radio station is looking for an English announcer (announce)，I’m writing to apply for the position. ④通过新闻发布会向公众宣布了这项新政策。 The new policy was announced to the public through a press conference. ⑤学校即将发布即将举行的运动会的通知。(应用文写作之活动介绍) The school is to make an announcement about the upcoming sports meet. deserve vt.应得，应受到 (教材原句)I really don’t think I deserve a zero.我认为我确实不应得零分。 deserve＋名词/代词　　 值得，应得 deserve to be/do ... 应该是/做…… deserve doing＝deserve to be done 应该被……　　 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①All in all，A Dream of the Red Mansions has won my heart and I am convinced that it deserves reading/to be read (read) again. ②They had some excellent players，so they certainly deserved to win (win) that match. ③那些愿意付出而不是接受的人才值得尊重。(应用文写作之观点表达) →It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respect． →It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respecting． →It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve to be respected． 【温馨提示】　和deserve用法相似的词有need，require，want等，它们后面的动词-ing形式用主动形式表示被动意义。此时，动词-ing形式可用不定式的被动形式替换。 1．一词多义——atmosphere A．n.大气(层)　B．n.气氛，氛围　C．n.(地方或事件的)情调，魅力 ①The classroom had a lively atmosphere during the group discussion. B ②Scientists study how human activities affect the composition of the atmosphere. A ③The old bookstore has a special atmosphere that makes people want to stay and read. C 2．熟词生义 ①A media circus surrounded the royal couple wherever they went. n.引人注意的人(或事) ②What do those clowns in the office think they are doing？ n.蠢货；笨蛋　 学生用书第15页　 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：be doing...when...正在做……这时(突然)…… (教材原句) The doctor was writing a note at her desk when he came in.他进去时医生正在她办公桌上写便条。 when作并列连词时的常用句型： (1)sb be doing sth when... 某人正在做某事，这时(突然)…… (2)sb had just done sth when... 某人刚做完某事，这时(突然)…… (3)sb be about to do sth when... 某人正要做某事，这时(突然)…… (4)sb be on the point of doing sth when... 某人正要做某事，这时(突然)…… 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①They were playing football on the playground when it began to rain heavily. ②The workers had completed(complete)the project when a new requirement came up. ③She was about to start (start)her speech when she realized she had forgotten her notes. ④我正走在乡间的田野上，这时童年的记忆如潮水般涌现。 I was walking by the field in the countryside when memories of my childhood began to flood in. 课时测评2　Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1 (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　根据汉语意思及首字母提示填入单词的适当形式(每小题1分，共10分) 1．The girl put her cup back in its saucer (杯托) carefully. 2．His father has just recovered from heart surgery (外科手术). 3．She stood in the doorway (门口) for a moment before going in. 4．The report forecasts (预测) that prices will rise by 3% next month. 5．The guests were mostly middle-aged (中年的) men talking business. 6．Can we deduce (推断) from your silence that you do not approve？ 7．Scientists are trying to pull together disparate ideas in astronomy (天文学). 8．I was angry at the time but we had a good laugh about it afterwards (随后). 9．In times of crisis I know which friends I can turn to. 10．The hotel offers a friendly atmosphere and personal service. 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Apparently， this is a potentially (potential) lucrative business opportunity. 2．The company made its announcement (announce) of the new product launch at a press conference. 3．“This is a simple solution，” he stated casually (casual)， as if it were no big deal. 4．The puppy looked up at me innocently (innocent)， its eyes full of curiosity. 5．My grandfather has been a faithful (faith) believer all his life. 6．Scientists are constantly seeking new scientific (science) breakthroughs to address global challenges. 7．Until recently， an accurate measurement (measure) of the planet’s core temperature was not possible. 8．A comprehensive treatment plan is developed after a detailed consultation (consult) with various specialists. 维度三　完成句子(每小题4分，共12分) 1．汤姆正在做作业，这时突然他的妈妈走进了他的房间。 Tom was doing his homework when his mother walked into his room. 2．我想知道你明晚能否加入我们。 I wonder if you can join us tomorrow evening. 3．房租是很贵，但除此之外，房子还是令人满意的。 The rent is high，but otherwise the house is satisfactory. 维度四　教材知识迁移(每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Here are three funny stories.What’s the funny part of each one？Go and find it. In Story A，an art collector noticed a cat 1.lapping (lap) milk from a saucer in the doorway of a store.He did a double take and realised that the saucer was 2.an antique and very valuable.He offered to pay 200 dollars for the cat，and asked the store owner to throw 3.in the saucer，but the owner refused to give it away for he 4.had sold (sell) 68 cats because of this lucky saucer. In Story B，Sherlock Holmes and Dr.Watson went on a camping trip.They put up their tent and went to sleep.Some hours later，Watson 5.was woken (wake) up by Holmes.“Watson，look up at the sky and tell me what you deduce from that？”Watson replied with his conclusions about astronomy，time and weather.But he didn’t find someone had stolen their tent! In Story C，a middle-aged man had 6.problems (problem) not only at work but also in his family life，7.which made him feel very down，so he went to see a doctor.The doctor examined him but found nothing serious.He just had slightly high blood 8.pressure (press) and was breathing quite heavily.Therefore，the doctor suggested the man see a circus，as there was an 9.amazing (amaze) clown who could make him laugh.10.Actually (actual)，the man himself was just the clown. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共40分) A (2025·广西南宁高二阶段检测) It’s well-known that humor can benefit us both physically and mentally. The idea that laughter is the best medicine has been around since ancient times. In his 1905 book， Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious， Sigmund Freud argued that humor is the highest of the psyche’s defense mechanism (机制)， capable of turning anxiety into pleasure. There are four humor styles. Affiliative humor refers to jokes about things that might be commonly considered funny， which is usually employed to improve relationships or make others laugh. If you’ve ever shared a funny picture with a coworker， you’ve used affiliative humor. Self-enhancing humor involves being able to laugh at yourself， often used as a way for you to deal with stress or difficulties and feel better as a result. Aggressive humor is laughing at the expense of others， which often involves sarcasm (讽刺)， teasing， and criticism. Self-defeating humor is the art of putting yourself down to gain favor from your peers， which is possibly used by someone who’s targeted by bullies. Each style of humor actually carries a different influence， when it comes to mental health. Julie Aitken Schermer， a psychological researcher at the University of Western Ontario， says people using self-enhancing humor are less likely to show signs of loneliness and poor relationships with others. By contrast， both aggressive and self-defeating humor styles can hint at trouble. “We find that self-defeating humor is the most concerning style as it is also linked with loneliness and feelings of not mattering. Those with an aggressive humor style may not experience loneliness as much， however， since they rely on group dynamics (群体动力) in order to make fun of their peers，” says Schermer. Even if you tend to favor more negative humor styles， there’s no reason to lose heart. Schermer says people can develop a positive， self-enhancing humor style by concentrating on the lighter and more humorous aspects of life. As author Kurt Vonnegut once wrote， “Laughter and tears are both responses to worries and anxieties. I prefer to laugh， since there is less cleaning up to do afterward.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种不同的幽默类型，并鼓励人们培养积极的幽默类型。 1．Why is Sigmund Freud’s book mentioned in Paragraph 1？ A．To show the importance of mental health. B．To stress the role of humor. C．To persuade people to stay positive. D．To introduce ancient jokes to us. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，第一段提到这本书是为了强调幽默的作用。故选B。 2．According to the text， which kind of humor may you use to relieve pressure？ A．Affiliative humor. B．Self-enhancing humor. C．Aggressive humor. D．Self-defeating humor. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Self-enhancing humor involves being able to laugh at yourself， often used as a way for you to deal with stress or difficulties and feel better as a result.”可知，用于缓解压力的是自我提升式幽默，故选B。 3．What does the underlined phrase “hint at” probably mean in the third paragraph？ A．Signal. B． Explain. C．Prevent. D．Solve. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线部分上文“Julie Aitken Schermer， a psychological researcher at the ...relationships with others.”以及“By contrast， both aggressive and self-defeating humor styles”可知，使用自我提升式幽默的人不太可能表现出孤独和与他人关系不好的迹象。相比之下，攻击性和自我挫败的幽默风格都可能暗示出麻烦，故画线部分意思是“暗示”。故选A。 4．Which of the following will Kurt Vonnegut probably agree with？ A．Humor is difficult to control. B．Crying is a good way of relief. C．Humor is a double-edged sword. D．Laughter is the best cure for stress. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Laughter and tears are both responses to worries and anxieties. I prefer to laugh， since there is less cleaning up to do afterward.”可知，Kurt Vonnegut更喜欢笑，可得出他可能同意“笑是治疗压力的最好方法”这一观点。故选D。 B (2025·河南洛阳高二阶段练习) Humor has long been recognized for its positive effects， even in the darkest times. Laughter serves as a bridge， helping individuals get through pain. This is shown in Amy Herzog’s new play，Mary Jane.The play balances humor and heartbreak， providing a fresh idea on the trials of care-giving and the strength of the human spirit. Mary Jane tells the story of a single mother who raises her disabled son， Alex. The play explores friendship， unconditional mother love， and hope and despair. Despite all the challenges she faces， Mary Jane’s life is filled with humor， offering the audience brief respites (喘息) from her emotional trouble. The play focuses on the characters’ emotional and psychological experiences rather than the physical presence of Alex who is mostly hidden from the audience. This is achieved by showing the influence of Alex’s condition through the eyes of those who care for him. The audience feels the weight of his absence and his various needs， which take up most of Mary Jane’s life. Mary Jane tries hard to meet the demands of her job while managing her son’s constant medical needs. Her interactions with the supporting characters show the importance of community support and humor that help her fight with her daily struggles. One of the most moving parts of the play is that of Mary Jane’s interactions with other mothers of disabled children. They exchange advice， encourage and entertain each other with humor. Norman Cousins， a professor， recorded his recovery from a severe illness through daily laughter. Cousins discovered that ten minutes of genuine laughter had an anesthetic (麻醉的) effect and gave him at least two hours of pain-free sleep. His findings show humor’s physical and psychological benefits. Research also supports the importance of laughter and humor， showing that it can reduce stress， improve mood and resilience. Humor positively and directly affects people’s health. This indicated that humor could buffer against stress and improve overall mental health. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过《Mary Jane》展现了幽默在困难时期的重要作用，以及幽默对人身心健康的好处。 5．What is the purpose of the text？ A．To advertise a new play. B．To provide humor in our daily life. C．To emphasize the importance of humor. D．To introduce the way to be humorous. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。由文章第一段内容和最后一段内容可知，文章主要是强调幽默的重要性。故选C。 6．Which words can describe Mary Jane？ A．Curious and sensitive. B．Loyal and hardworking. C．Careful and friendly. D．Strong and humorous. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Despite all the challenges she faces， Mary Jane’s life is filled with humor， offering the audience brief respites (喘息) from her emotional trouble. ”可知，Mary Jane虽然面临很多挑战，但她的生活充满了幽默，说明她坚强且幽默。故选D。 7．What can we learn from the play？ A．The audience seldom see Alex in the play. B．Mary Jane has no friends. C．Mary Jane never goes out to work. D．Mary Jane has a considerate husband. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。由文章第三段中“The play focuses on the characters’ emotional and psychological ...the audience. ”可知，剧中主要关注的是人物的情感和心理经历，而不是Alex的身体存在，所以观众在剧中很少看到Alex。故选A。 8．How did Cousins recover from his illness？ A．By having plenty of exercise. B．By laughing a lot every day. C．By having a balanced diet. D．By taking lots of medicine. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Norman Cousins， a professor， recorded his recovery ... at least two hours of pain-free sleep. ”可知，Cousins是通过每天笑很多来恢复健康的。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2分，共10分) (2025·山西运城高二联考) Some people seem to born with a talent for making people laugh.They can quickly tell a joke and laugh at something that is not supposed to be funny immediately. 1 It’s something you can learn and improve.By doing the following things，you can develop your sense of humour. 2 Practicing humour and making people laugh involves communicating with others.Knowing what makes people annoyed and what can offend (冒犯) them is essential. 3 While some people can stand this kind of comedy，others will not，so it’s essential to keep this in mind when trying to improve your sense of humour.Offending somebody is the last thing you want to happen，and if it does occur，don’t forget to apologize. Practice your humour.Developing a good sense of humour is not something you can improve in just a single day.Instead，it takes effort and practice.And getting a laugh out of someone can be challenging.Try practicing with your close friends and family first，and see if they find your jokes funny. 4 You can also make some adjustments based on their advice. Look at the bright side of things.Humour doesn’t only come from cheerful or optimistic situations.It can come out even from difficult or troubling situations. 5 Dark humour comes from unpleasant and terrible topics like death and making jokes out of such subjects.Care must be done when giving such kind of jokes as there might be sensitive people who don’t take laughter when making fun of dark situations. A．Learn and practice good timing. B．Take your audience into account. C．A very typical example of this is dark humour. D．Afterward，it is wise of you to try it with other groups of people. E．Cruel humour usually happens when you make some funny responses. F．However，sometimes a good sense of humour is not a strictly inborn talent. G．Some jokes involve making fun of other people’s faults，sadness or sufferings. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了培养幽默感的三种方法。 1．答案：F 解析：根据空前“Some people seem to born...to be funny immediately.”和空后“It’s something you can learn and improve.By doing the following things，you can develop your sense of humour.”可知，此段是在讲幽默感的来源。空前说幽默感可能是天生的，而空后说幽默感是我们可以通过学习来提高的。因此，该空与前后是转折关系。F项“然而，有时好的幽默感并不是与生俱来的。”符合语境。故选F。 2．答案：B 解析：根据后文“Practicing humour and making people laugh...offend (冒犯) them is essential.”和“While some people can stand this kind of comedy，others will not”可知，幽默和逗人笑要与人交流，有些人能够忍受，有些人则不能，说明我们在提高幽默感时一定要考虑到听众。因此，B项“考虑到你的听众。”符合语境。故选B。 3．答案：G 解析：根据空后“While some people can stand...improve your sense of humour.”可知，有些人能够忍受被调侃的痛苦，有些人则不能，提高幽默感不能以冒犯别人为前提。因此，G项“有些笑话是取笑别人的错误和伤心痛苦的事。”符合语境。故选G。 4．答案：D 解析：根据空前“Try practicing with your close friends and family first，and see if they find your jokes funny.”和空后“You can also make some adjustments based on their advice.”可知，提高幽默感首先可以在家人和朋友面前练习，然后在其他人面前尝试，还可以根据他们的建议做出调整，因此D项“之后，你在其他人身上尝试它，这是很明智的。”符合语境，前后文为顺承关系。故选D。 5．答案：C 解析：根据空后“Dark humour comes from...when making fun of dark situations.”可知，后文以黑色幽默举例说明提高幽默感要关注听众。因此，C项“一个十分典型的例子就是黑色幽默。”符合语境。故选C。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) (2025·河南省济源一中高二期中) Charlie Chaplin 1. (bear) in London on April 16，1889.His parents were music hall 2. (performer)，and he first appeared on the stage in a dance act at the age of eight. While 3. (make) his short films，Chaplin put together the characters of the tramp.He developed this 4. (fool)，yet lovable little man through successive films，creating a character that audiences laughed at yet sympathized with at 5. same time.Chaplin’s tramp appeared in such classic films as The Kid (1921) 6. The Gold Rush (1925).In Modern Times (1936)，he combined comedy 7. social commentary and fine technical craftsmanship.As World War Ⅱ 8. (begin)，Chaplin made The Great Dictator (1940)，9. was intended to ridicule the German dictator Adolf Hitler. In 1972 he visited the United States to accept a special film award，and in 1975 he was knighted by the queen of England.He 10. (die) in Switzerland on December 25，1977. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了卓别林的一生，他的部分代表作及他的作品表达的意义。 1．答案：was born 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意及句子结构可知，卓别林的出生发生在过去，且主语为单数，故填was born。 2．答案：performers 解析：考查名词的单复数。根据主语His parents是复数及动词were可知，后接名词复数，故填performers。 3．答案：making 解析：考查状语从句的省略。本句为状语从句的省略，还原为：“While (Chaplin was )making...”表示“当做……时”，故填making。 4．答案：foolish 解析：考查词性转换。根据连词yet可知，此处应与形容词lovable词性一致，修饰little man，故填foolish。 5．答案：the 解析：考查冠词。固定搭配at the same time“与此同时”，故填the。 6．答案：and 解析：考查连词。根据句意可知，The Kid和The Gold Rush是两个并列成分，需用并列连词连接，故填and。 7．答案：with 解析：考查介词。固定短语combine...with...“将……与……结合”，故填with。 8．答案：began 解析：考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，此句是一般过去时，应填动词的过去式，故填began。 9．答案：which 解析：考查定语从句。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句是非限制性定语从句，先行词The Great Dictator，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。 10．答案：died 解析：考查动词的时态。他的去世发生在过去，所以时态应是一般过去时，故填died。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $