Unit 3 Getting along with others Grammar and usage & Integrated skills 导学案-2025-2026学年高一英语牛津译林版必修第一册

该高中英语导学案围绕B1 U3语法与综合技能展开，涵盖count on、in person等重点短语，关系代词引导的定语从句等核心语法点。通过教材原文情境化导入知识点，如P34句子引出短语与句式，构建从词汇辨析到句式剖析再到语法系统梳理的学习支架，衔接前后知识。 资料以核心素养为导向，情境化例句提升语言运用能力，分层讲解定语从句规则与特例培养思维品质，梯度习题从基础训练到综合应用发展学习能力，含思维导图辅助知识整合，综合题型覆盖读写技能，助力学生高效掌握重点。

年 级：高一 科 目：英语 内 容：B1 U3 Grammar - Integrated skills 【同步知识梳理】 知识点1：count on 原文：A real friend is someone whose support we can count on.正常的朋友是我们可以信赖的人。(教材P34) count on 依赖，依靠，指望 = rely on count vi. 认为；算作；重要，数数 count for 有价值，有重要性 count in 把…计算在内 count as 视为；算是；看成 count up 共计；把…加起来 例：①We can't count on the good weather lasting. 我们不能指望这样好的天气会持久 ②Indeed, holding any games at all will count as an achievement. 的确，举办任何运动会都可被视为一项成就。 ③She can count up to 10 in Italian. 她可以用意大利语数到10。 ④The fact that she had apologized counted for nothing with him. 她已道歉，但他认为这是没有用的。 例题训练： ①Few people can _________________ a job for life. 几乎没有人能指望一辈子都干一个工作。 ②She began to __________________ how many guests they had to invite.她开始计算他们得邀请多少位客人。 ③When you grow up, you will find that these difficulties ___________________. 你长大后就会发现，这些困难根本就不算什么。 Keys：① count on having ② count up ③don't count for much 知识点2：Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship. 然而如今，使我们保持联系的现代工具正在侵蚀着友谊的真义。（教材P34） 句式剖析：本句为复合句。句中that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tools,同时that在从句中做主语。 考点提炼：关系代词that引导定语从句 关系代词that可以引导限制性定语从句，修饰代表人或事物的先行词，但不能用于引导非限制性定语从句。在先行词是事物的限制性定语从句中，that和 which一般可互换。 that可以充当从句的主语、宾语、表语。 The bag that lies on the ground is hers.地上的那个包是她的。 (关系代词that在修饰bag的定语从句中充当主语) The old man that I visited yesterday is my teacher.我昨天拜访的那个老人是我的老师。 (关系代词that在修饰man的定语从句中充当宾语) 例题训练： 1.I didn't find the house ________________ was built by the soldier. 2.这是那家免费帮你修车的汽修厂吗? ____________________________________________________________ Keys：1. that/which 2. It this the garage that/which helped you repair your car free of charge? 知识点3：in person 原文：To make friends a real part of our lives, we should put down our smartphones and meet them in person.为了让朋友成为我们生活中真实的一部分，我们应该放下智能手机和他们亲自见面。(教材P34) in person 亲自，亲身（=personally） in the person of 以......的身份；代表...... be one’s own person 做自己喜欢的事；保持自己的喜好 例：①He will attend the meeting in person. 他将亲自参加会议。 ②He is in the person of his father for the banquet. 他以他父亲的名义赴宴。 ③Being your own person releases your creativity. 保持自己的本色才有助于发挥自身创造力 知识点4：There he meets Jim and makes friends with him.在那里他见到了吉姆并和他交朋友。（教材P35） 句式剖析：本句为并列句，其中 There置于句首，因主语he是代词，主谓不倒装。 考点提炼：there置于句首未倒装的情况 当there等词置于句首，主语是代词时，主谓不倒装。 归纳拓展: (1)当副词there,here,out,in,on,up,down,away,back,now,then等放在句首，谓语动词是go,come,run,lie, stand等，且主语是名词时，多用倒装句。 (2)谓语动词常用一般现在时或一般过去时，而不能用进行时态。 例题训练： 1.This is your room, and over there ________________ (stand) an iron bed. 2.Finally I sat down, and here ________________ (come) an old Frenchman. 3.那里矗立着一座明代的古寺。 ____________________________________________________________ Keys：1.stands 2.came 3.There stands an old temple which dates back to the Ming Dynasty. 知识点5：quality 原文：In my opinion, the following qualities form the basis of a friendship. 在我看来，以下品质构成了友谊的基础。(教材P37) quality n. 品质，素质；质量；特征adj. 优质的；高质量的 ①high/ top/ good quality 质量高 low/ bad/ poor quality 质量差 product quality 产品质量 quality of life 生活质量；基本生活条件 ②quality education 素质教育；优质教育 quality service 优质服务 例：①Other services vary dramatically in quality. 其它服务在质量上差异很大 ②She acts well but she hasn't got star quality. 她演得不错，但缺少成为一个明星的素质。 例题训练： ①We aim to provide _____________________. 我们的宗旨是质量上乘、价格合理。 ②The data is limited in terms of _____________________. 这份资料在质量和数量上都很有限 Keys：①quality at reasonable prices ②both quality and quantity 知识点6：Tim is someone whom I should try my best to help, even if it means more work for me.蒂姆是我应该尽力帮助的人，即使这意味着我有更多的工作要做。（教材P37） 句式剖析：本句为复合句。 主句中whom引导定语从句，修饰先行词someone,whom在从句中做help的宾语；even if引导一个让步状语从句。 考点提炼：even if引导的让步状语从句 even if意为“即使，纵然，虽然”,用于引导让步状语从句，相当于 even though，从句常用一般时代替将来时。若从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语中含有be动词，从句的主语和be动词可以省略。 Even if/though fail this time,I will try again.即使这次失败，我也会再次尝试。 They won't go to the party even if/ though( they are) invited.即使受到邀请，他们也不会去参加那个聚会。 归纳拓展： even if的易混短语为as if。as if(= as though)意为“好像”,引导方式状语从句或表语从句，从句有时会用虚拟语气。 It looks as though it is going to rain.看起来好像要下雨。(引导表语从句) He behaved as if he had never heard of such thing before. 他表现得好像以前从没听说过这样一件事一样。(引导方式状语从句) 例题训练： 选词填空：even if/as if 1. My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, ________________ he's in his nineties. 2. It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me ________________ I had done it? 3.So long as you do what you can, no one will blame you ________________ you might fail in the future. Keys：1.even if 2.as if 3.even if 知识点7：bring out 原文：To me, a good friend brings out the best in a person. 对我来说，好朋友能激发出一个人最好的一面。(教材P37) bring out 使显现；使表现出；出版；生产 例：①Pressure can bring out the worst in people. 压力可以使人现出原形 ②It's only a matter of time before they bring out their own version of the software. 他们推出自己的软件只是个时间问题。 拓展延伸：常见的bring短语还有： bring along 把...一起带来 bring back 归还 bring up 抚养，呕吐 bring about 带来，造成收起 bring on 引起 bring in 引来，引进，介绍，收入，领……进来 bring ...forward 提出;提前 (= put forward) bring down 降低；打倒，打死；击落 例：①I am not going to bring up my child in this hole.我不会在这个鬼地方养育孩子的。 ②He urged the United States to persist with its efforts to bring about peace.他敦促美国坚持努力实现和平。 ③We aim to bring down prices on all our computers.我们打算降低我们所有计算机的价格。 例题训练： ①Many women still take career breaks ______________________. 许多妇女仍然为养育孩子而中断事业。 ②Only actions can _______________________. 只有行动能够带来改变。 ③We need to ______________________ a lot more new business. 我们得吸引更多的新业务。 Keys：①to bring up children ②bring about changes ③bring in 知识点8：measure 原文：I will always value these qualities of a good friends and try to measure myself by these standard as our friendship develops.我将永远珍视好朋友的这些品质，在我们的友谊发展过程中，试着用这些标准来衡量我自己。(教材P37) measure vt. 估量，判定；测量 n.措施；衡量 measurement n. 测量；衡量 ①measure… by…用…衡量… be measured by…用…来计算/ 衡量 ②take measures to do sth采取措施做某事 make… to one’s measure 根据某人的尺寸做… beyond measure 无法估量的 例：①Our love can't be measured by just one day. 我们的爱情不是一天就能衡量的。 ②Do you take measures to protect yourself against Alzheimer's disease? 你采取措施来保护自己不患上阿尔茨海默氏病吗？ ③It is difficult to measure the success of the campaign at this stage.在现阶段还难以估量这场运动的成败。 例题训练： ①Beauty cannot _______________ any absolute standard. 美是不可能用任何绝对标准来衡量的。 ②It is essential that ________________ to protect our civil rights. 有必要采取有效的措施来保障我们的公民权利。 ③The value of one's health is ________________. 一个人的健康价值是无可估量的。 Keys：①be measured by ②effective measures be taken ③beyond measure 【同步语法梳理】 关系代词引导的定语从句 定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，起“定语”的作用，修饰说明主句中的某一名词、代词或主语的全部内容。 通常定语从句所修饰的词语被称为“先行词”， 引导定语从句的关联词分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词和关系副词位于先行词和定语从句之间，连接定语从句和主句，同时身兼两职，既指代其先行词，又在其后的定语从句中充当从句的某个成分。 定语从句的关系词 关系词 先行词 充当从句成分 关系代词 who 人 主语 宾语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人，物 定语 that 人，物 主语 宾语 表语 which 物 主语 宾语 as 人，物 主语 宾语 关系副词 when 时间 时间状语 where 地点 地点状语 why 原因 原因状语 定语从句做题思路 1. 找出主句和定语从句从句 ; 2. 找出先行词 ;（先行词为名词，代词或整个句子） 3. 判断先行词在定语从句中充当何成分 ；（判断定语从句是否完整） （1）从句不完整 → 缺少主要成分（主语，宾语，表语）→ 关系代词 （whose除外） （2）从句完整 → 缺少句子次要成分 （状语）→ 关系副词 （3）所属关系 （ …的）whose 例题训练 ①The man __________ is speaking at the meeting is a worker. ②I live in that room __________ window opens south. ③This is the park __________ I first met Xiaoming. Keys： ① who ② whose ③ where 关系代词引导的定语从句 （一）只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况。 （1） 先行词前有序数词或形容词用最高级修饰，或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时，用that不用which。 The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. This is the best film that I ever seen. （2） 先行词是不定代词all,little,few,much,something,anything,everything,none,nothing,no one, nobody,some等用that不用which。（注意something后可用which）。 Have you taken down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. All that can be done has been done. （3） 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, one of, the only, the very, the right, the last, few,just等修饰时，用that不用which。 All the gusts that were invited to her wedding were important people. This is the very dictionary that I want to bury. Give me any books that you would recommend. （4） 先行词即有人又有物，兼顾两者，用that不用which。 They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school. （5） 主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时，用that不用which。 Who is the man that is standing by the gate? Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? （6） 当先行词在主句中作表语或关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，用that不用which。 Shenzhen is no longer the city that it used to be. This isn't the book that I borrowed from the library. （7） 主句是there be句型时，修饰主语的定语从句用that不用which。 There is a seat in the corner that is still free. （8） 有两个定语从句时，一个从句的关系代词已用which，另一个要用that。 The country built up a factory which produces things that have never seen before. （9） 用作关系副词，修饰表示时间的名词，如day, time, moment等代替when时，用that不用which。 It happened on the day that(when) he was born. （二）只用which不用that引导定语从句的情况。 （1） 关系代词前有介词时，用which不用that。 The chair on which she sat is made of wood. （2） 引导非限制性定语从句且先行词指物时，用which不用that。 Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. （3） 关系代词后面有插入语时，用which不用that。 Here is the English grammar book which, as I've told you, will help you improve your English. （4） 先行词本身就是that时，用which不用that。 What's that which flashed in the sky just now? （5） 代表主句中谓语的整体概念时，用which不用that。 He can swim in the sea, which I can't. （6） 代表整个主句时，用which不用that。 He broke my cup, which made me angry. （三）只用who而不用that引导定语从句的情况。 （1） 先行词是指人的不定代词时，如one, ones, anyone, no one, those, all, nobody, anybody, none等时，用who不用that。 People all like those who have good manners. （2） 在there be句型中，多用who指代人。 There are some people who want to have holidays in Hainan. （3） 当先行词指特定的人时，关系代词多用who，不指特定的人时多用that。 The aunt who came to see us last week is my father's younger sister. （4） 在非限制性定语从句中作主语时，用who不用that。 Professor Wang, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night. （5） 当先行词有较长的后置定语或在被分割的定语从句中时，用who（指物用which）。 Professor Smith is coming soon who will give us a talk on how to learn English. （四）of whom, of which, whose的用法解析。 （1） whose的用法 ①whose引导定语从句，后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。 The bay, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard. ②whose引导定语从句时，先行词既可是人，也可指物。 The bicycle, whose brake was damaged, has now been repaired. ③whose在定语从句中与它修饰的名词一起可作介词宾语，可以与介词一起放在先行词与从句之间。在whose引导的定语从句中，可用of which代替whose，但词序不同，即 “whose＋名词＝the＋名词＋of＋which”；而用of whom代替时只能指人，有时可以与whose互换。 The boss, in whose factory Mary's father once worked, is kind to her. He lives in the room, whose window (the window of which) faces south. （2） 下列情况只用of which或of whom，而不用whose引导定语从句。 ①定语从句的主语是some, many, few, little, much, most等词时，用of which/whom，不用whose。 Here are the questions, some of which I thought difficult for you. Present at the meeting were almost experts on DNA, most of whom came from the USA. ②定语从句的主语是all, both, neither, each, none等词时，用of which/whom，不用whose。 He has two sons, both of whom are doctors. I bought him two pieces of clothing, neither of which he likes. ③定语从句的主语是表示数量的词时，用of which/whom，不用whose。 Here are many books, two of which he borrowed. （五）as与which都可以代指主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容，有时可以互换。 He married her, as(which)was natural. （1） as导的定语从句可以放在句首，而which则不能。 As is known to us all, China is developing rapidly. （2） as表示“正如，正像”，而which无此意。 此时，as从句中常有know, expect, happen, point out, plan, suggest等单词或短语。 He came back home late, as we expected. As is pointed out, this is a grammar problem. People generally agree that American English differs from British English a bit,as is said above. 注意：as引导的定语从句常见句式有 as is known to all, as is often the case, as is mentioned above, as is announced （3） 当先行词被the same, such修饰时，定语从句需用as引导。 It is such a difficult problem as none of us can work out. He wears the same coat as mine. 注意：但是当先行词被the same...as指同样或同类的事物；the same...that指同一个事物。 This is the same watch as I lost.（不是同一块表） This is the same watch that I lost.（是同一块表） （六）“介词＋关系代词”结构 （1）“介词＋关系代词”可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。 One subject to which country music often returns is "the good old days". We went to hear this famous singer, about whom we had heard many stories. （2）“介词＋关系代词”结构中的介词可以是in, on, about, from, for, through, with, to, at, against, without, by,of等。介词放在关系代词前，关系代词只能用whom或which。 There is a big window in my rom through which I can see the railway station. Old Harry is an ordinary-looking man,on the nose of whom is a pair of thick glasses. （3）介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用that/which（指物），that/whom/who（指人）作从句中介词的宾语。 This is the house that Lu Xun once lived in.＝This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. He is the very person that the boss is looking for.＝He is the very person for whom the boss is looking. （4）“介词＋关系代词”结构可代替when, where, why, that等。但要注意介词的位置变化以及相应的关系词的变化。 That is the college at which he works. which he works at. where he works. that he works at. he works at. （5）“介词＋关系代词”结构在定语从句中可作状语或定语，并可与别的名词一起作状语。 The place at which the bridge is supposed to be built should be where the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. Don't get close to the house, the roof of which is under repaired. I'll go to Beijing, in which case I'll go to visit my aunt. （6）“介词＋关系代词”在含有被动结构的定语从句中作状语，表示动作的执行者。 The rascal by whom the little boy was beaten was arrested this morning. （7）“名词、数次、介词＋关系代词”的常见形式。 名词/one/two/some/none/all/both/several/many/most/a few/a little/the+比较级/the+最高级...+of which/whom. I read some books, the cover of which are yellow with years. There are forty students in our classes, most of whom are from the south. （8）为强调某一名词，不定式前面也可以用该结构，即“介词＋which/whom＋不定式”。 He found something about which to write. Here is the money with which to buy a piano. She is the right person on whom to depend. 注意：该结构不能用“which/whom+不定式+介词”。 （9）“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词前介词的选择依据。 ①根据定语从句中谓语动词或表语的习惯搭配来确定。 The man with whom I talked is a professor. I bought a computer, on which I spent 4000 yuan. ②根据先行词与介词的习惯搭配来确定。‘ He came to a farm, on which he finally settled. I'll never forget the day on which I won the first prize in the English contest. ③当定语从句含最高级时，用of which/whom, of表示所属关系。 I have three brothers, the tallest of whom is my younger brother. ④根据所表达的意思来确定。 The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen. （七）way和time后接定语从句的情况。 当先行词是way，意为“方式、方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词有that和in which，也可省略。 I don't understand the way(in which/that)they worked out the problem. The way(in which/that)you answer the questions was surprising. （八）定语从句的主谓一致 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词保持一致。 （1）取决于先行词。先行词是单数时，从句的谓语动词用单数；先行词是复数时，从句的谓语动词用复数。 Mr Black, who is at the gate, is asking to see you. The Blacks, who are at the gate, are asking to see you. （2）“one of+复数名词+关系代词”跟从句谓语动词的复数形式；“the(only)one of+复数名词+关系代词”跟从句谓语动词的单数形式。 He is one of the students who were awarded. He is the only one of the students who was awarded. （3）关系代词as或which作主语指的是它前面的整个主句时，动词要用单数。 He failed to pass the exam, which was a great pity. He was passed he college entrance examination, which makes his parents quite happy. 例题训练： 单句语法填空 1. This is the professor taught me chemistry in 1980. 2. The hospital was built five years ago has been modernized. 3. This is the boy father died three years ago. 4. The film we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting. 5. Do you know the student was praised at the meeting? 6. Who is the person is standing at the gate. 7. He talked about the teachers and schools he had visited. 8. They work in a factory makes radio parts. 9. This is the vision phone through we can see and talk to our friends. 10. Here are players from Japan, some of are our old friends. 11.Those want to go to the computer room write your names here. 12. Recently I bought a beautiful vase price was quite reasonable. 13. Is this the factory you once worked for? 14. Is that the reason he gave for his terrible behavior? 15. The kind girl shared her umbrella with me this morning turned out to be my boss. 16. She was an experienced climber had climbed several of the world's tallest mountains. 17. On the edge of the jacket, there is piece of cloth gives off light in the dark. 18. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. 19. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government started a soil-testing program gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers-and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7. 7 million tons. Keys： 1. who/that 2. which/that 3. whose 4. which/that/不填 5. who/that 6. that 7. that 8. which/that 9. which 10. whom 11. who 12. whose 13. that/which/不填 14.which/不填 15. who/that 16.who 17.that/which 18.that/which 19.that/which 【精题精练精讲】 一、单句语法填空 1.The reason ___________________ you explained at the meeting was not sound. 2.Guilin is one of the most beautiful cities ___________________ I have ever visited. 3.I live in a room ___________________ window faces south. 4.The man ___________________ gave us a lecture on how to learn English is a famous professor. 5.They talked about the persons and things ___________________ impressed them most. 6.With the aid of our teacher,we finally worked out the solution to the very problem ______________ annoys us. 7.Parents’ company is the best present ___________________ a child is eager for. 8.This is the man from ___________________ I learned the news. 9.Family and friends are the things ___________________ most people care about. 10.The girl ___________________ is playing tennis is my best friend. 二、选词填空 count on,eat away at,in person,through thick and thin,in one’s opinion,get over 1.After ___________________ her shyness,the girl bravely smiled at and said hi to people. 2.I never did understand what was ___________________ her. 3.Just be patient.You can’t ___________________ your English improving significantly in just two weeks. 4.___________________,it is about time that we should have a new computer. 5.He has supported the team for over ten years ___________________. 6.The famous artist can not come ___________________ for some reason,so his wife will accept the prize on behalf of him. 三、完成句子 1.他喜欢打篮球,而我喜欢听音乐。(while) He likes playing basketball, ____________________________________________. 2.我认为你千万不要改变你的生活方式。 I think you mustn’t change the way ____________________________________________. 3.我们需要一个能在压力下工作的人。 We need someone ____________________________________________. 4.任何对英语感兴趣的学生都欢迎加入英语俱乐部。 Any student ____________________________________________ is welcome to English Club. 5.我有许多朋友,我打算给他们寄明信片。 I have many friends to ____________________________________________ postcards. 6.当我到达纽约时,我必须去一所学生第一语言不是英语的学校学习。 When I got to New York,I had to attend a school for students ________________________________________. 一、单句语法填空 1.which/that 2.that 3.whose 4.who/that 5.that 6.that 7.that 8.whom 9.that 10.who/that 二、选词填空 1.getting over 2.eating away at 3.count on 4.In my opinion 5.through thick and thin 6.in person 三、完成句子 1.while I like listening to music 2.that you live 3.who can work under pressure 4.that is interested in English 5.whom I am going to send 6.whose first language was not English 【能力拓展训练】 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Boredom is like 1 annoying desire that becomes stronger when you know you want to do something other than what you’re currently doing. Sometimes it’s the situation 2 is to blame, such as when you 3 (stick) on a repetitive work shift or listen politely to a talkative neighbour. Other times, you might be free to act as you wish, and you know you want to do something, but you just don’t know 4 to do. Boredom is uncomfortable, but its adaptive function would seem to be that it motivates us to make a change to our circumstances, to do something more meaningful. Related to this, there’s research 5 (show) that boredom can increase creativity because of the way it motivates us to reflect and search 6 its meaning. Some people seem to experience boredom more often than others. They tend to agree that time passes slowly and that they find it hard to entertain 7 (they). They often turn to drink and drugs 8 (ease) their discomfort, though such 9 (strategy) only relieve superficial unease temporarily. To 10 (true) overcome boredom, the secret is to find pursuits that are personally meaningful that offer just the right mix of challenge and novelty. 二、七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Do you always fall asleep on bus journeys? ___1___ I have been suffering from being unable to sleep for many years. Some nights when I can’t sleep, I’ll head to the coach where I can usually fall asleep within minutes. My friend also told me that sometimes he was stressed out by his work and he couldn’t sleep at night. But when he was traveling on the bus, he was able to sleep well. Since this happens regularly, I decided to find some answers. ___2___ One popular view is about the white noise. It is a continuous sound like the hum of tires or the purring of the car. White noise masks distracting noise and is helpful for people who have trouble getting sleep. ___3___ When you’re riding a vehicle, white noise is continuously emitted, making it easier for passengers to drift off to dreamland. Another view as to why it’s easy to fall asleep in buses or trains is because of the rocking movement that’s similar to what comforted us when we were babies. However, it’s not the movement itself that leads to a better sleep. ___4____ If you were rocked to sleep as a baby, you’d have that association that when you experience a rocking motion, you go to sleep. An increase in carbon dioxide in public transportation can be one reason, too. ___5____ Carbon dioxide increases when there are lots of people in a small space. This will lead to insufficient oxygen, which will affect the brain’s performance and reduce activity in the cerebral cortex, making people sleepier. A. Rather, it’s the link between rocking and sleeping. B. Why do we sleep better on the coach than in our bed? C. It may also help mothers settle babies with mild sleep issues. D. Cars and other vehicles are a perfect environment that generates it. E. Buses and trains get crowded every day with people going to and from work. F. It seems to be much easier to fall asleep on a running bus than in the comfortable bed. G. The running vehicle offers a comfortable rocking environment for those with sleep problems. 三、完形填空 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 If somebody informs you that you have a leaf in your hair, smile politely and say, “Oh. Thanks.” When you turn to find it is the cute guy who asks smart questions, try to look as 1 as possible. Brush the 2 out of your hair as though its presence was accidental, as though you’re not upset. Remind yourself that you will likely find another among the thousands on the 3 . If he continues to walk 4 you and talk to you, then you have a difficult situation. You must decide if the attention is pity or interest. You must decide which kind of attention you’d rather have. You must decide whether you want any ___5___ at all. Maybe he will not go 6 as quickly as you expected. Perhaps you will find yourself nearing a bench with him in the park at the corner. Do not tap on the bench before sitting down. Do not think about how good it would feel to be racing through the park right now, with the mud under your sneakers. Pretend to be how you imagine a(n) 7 girl would be; nod and smile in the 8 places. Do not be too serious. Maybe he will talk about movies or books. Maybe about his school or his work. ___9___ with him and ask him questions. If he seems exceptionally 10 and accepting, you may be attracted to say more about the disorders that rule your life. So 11 he asks about you, you must answer very carefully. “I play the piano,” you might say. Your favorite composer? Rachmaninoff, of course. “I like to 12 ” is starting to get a bit risky, but you could try it if you’re brave. “Too bad,” he may say. “You won’t be running for a while.” “I know” is a good, simple ___13___. Change the subject. But even if you do, you will have to 14 home eventually. The light will begin to fade or the ___15___ will threaten another rain. Let him make the first move toward parting. 1. A. amazed B. anxious C. normal D. passive 2. A. flower B. skin C. guy D. leaf 3. A. train B. ground C. line D. coast 4. A. beside B. under C. over D. beyond 5. A. adventure B. stress C. attention D. struggle 6. A. ahead B. away C. out D. down 7. A. typical B. eager C. professional D. individual 8. A. potential B. equal C. emergent D. correct 9. A. Argue B. Joke C. Play D. Act 10. A. angry B. frightening C. open D. closed 11. A. unless B. until C. before D. if 12. A. run B. swim C. cycle D. fly 13. A. question B. response C. feeling D. thought 14. A. seek B. build C. leave D. head 15. A. trees B. birds C. clouds D. roofs 语法填空 1. an 2. that 3. are stuck 4. what 5. showing 6. for 7. themselves 8. to ease 9. strategies 10. truly 七选五 FBDAE 完形填空 CDBAC BADBC DABDC 【课后巩固训练】 高一上期中-邗江区22-23 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项 A She went on talking about her husband and how and why they’d moved here. I was starting to think I’d made a mistake by coming. But then she started talking about something else that really stirred my blood. She knew all about me and Tom Sawyer and the money we’d gotten! Only she said it was $10,000 instead of $6,000. “Yes,” she said.” And that poor boy. His pappy was a hard old man. He took that boy away, and next thing you know, the boy is murdered. He never had a chance.” “Who done it?” I asked. I wanted to see what other folks knew about me and Pap. “Some thought old man Fin did it himself, but that same night a slave ran away. They think it was the slave that killed him. Folks are out hunting for him right now, and there’s a $300 reward for whoever finds him.” All that talk gave me the jitters. I needed to look busy, so I took up a needle off the table and tried to thread it. My hands shook, and I wasn’t doing a very good job. The woman smiled at me so I put the needle back down. She kept looking at me pretty curious. Then she said, “What did you say your name was, honey?” “M—Mary Williams.” “I thought you said your name was Sarah.” “Yes, ma’am. Mary is my middle name.” “Come on,” she egged. “What’s your real name? Is it Bill or Tom or Bob? What is it?” I was shaking like a leaf. I didn’t know what to say. “How’d you know I was a boy?” “’Cause when you thread a needle, you’re supposed to hold it still and put the thread through. You did just the opposite. Now tell me your real name.” “George Peters,” I lied. “Well, trot along now Sarah Mary Williams George Peters. And if you get into any trouble, just send word to me, Mrs. Judith Loftus.” I rushed out and hopped into the canoe. I had to get back to Jim. I knew now that there were folks out there looking for him just to get that $300 reward. 1. In the sentence “His pappy was a hard old man”, whose father is the hard old man? A. Mary’s. B. Jim’s. C. Huck’s. D. George’s. 2. In the sentence “Who done it”, what does “it” refer to? A. Seeking the boy. B. Beating the boy. C. Exchanging the boy. D. Killing the boy. 3. Why did “I” take up a needle? A. To get the reward. B. To help the woman. C. To hide the nervousness. D. To kill the woman. 4. How did the woman know the visitor was a boy? A. From his looks. B. From his questions. C. From his voice. D. From his behavior. B A number of studies have shown that employees who view their work as a calling tend to do better on subjective measures, such as work and life satisfaction, than those for whom a job is chiefly a means to a paycheck. New research finds gains in objective terms too. The researchers began by analyzing data from the Wisconsin Study, which collected information on thousands of high school graduates over many years. Those who described their work as a calling in 2004 earned more than others that year, after various aspects were accounted for, and the pattern held when participants were surveyed again in 2011. To test the relationship of causes and effects, the researchers created three videos in which an employee Sam spoke of his work as being a calling, or a job, or nothing special. Participants were asked to watch one of the videos before answering questions about what kind of bonus and raise “Sam” should receive and whether he should be promoted. Those who observed the “calling” Sam were far more likely than the others to award a bonus. They gave him higher raises than people gave to the “job” Sam, and they were more likely to recommend him for promotion. Analyses showed that the higher rewards resulted from the feeling that the Sam who saw his job as a calling was a better performer and was more committed to the organization—even though the videos showed the same level of performance. The unfounded impression can also have negative effects, they said. “Managers might expect ‘calling’ employees to maintain positivity in the face of challenges; when they do not, these employees might experience worse negative reactions than ‘job’ employees”. 5. What kinds of employees does the passage talk about? A. Those from different customs. B. Those with different attitudes. C. Those with different education. D. Those from different countries. 6. What do the words “the pattern held” mean in the second paragraph? A. The story stayed uninteresting. B. The feeling became stronger. C. The situation remained unchanged. D. The drawing was valuable. 7. What’s the participants’ attitude towards the “calling” Sam? A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Disapproved. D. Unclear. 8. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. The “calling” Sam might be treated badly on certain occasions. B. The “calling” Sam always performed better than other workers. C. The wrong impression can have negative effects on managers. D. The three videos that the employees watched were of little use. 二、应用文写作 为了锻炼学生身心，你校在九月底举行了运动会，请你给国外的笔友Mary写一封英文信，介绍本次运动会。 内容包括：1. 运动会时间与规模；2. 运动会场景介绍；3. 运动会后的感受。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右，开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸相应位置作答。 Dear Mary, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 阅读理解 CDCD BCAA 应用文写作 Dear Mary, I have been missing you since we last met. At the end of this September, a sports meet was held in our school, where over 2,000 students watched this event. I can’t wait to share it with you. During the two-day event, around 400 athletes competed in track and field, presenting their physical and mental excellence. When some athletes were tired and exhausted, some friends always went ahead to care for them. Their perseverance and friendship as well as talents left a deep impression on me. Not only should we achieve academic success, but we ought to live healthily and help each other. Hope for your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $