内容正文:
必修3一unit1词汇精讲
harm
词义与词性
。词义1(n.)::伤害;损害;危害;例句:There's no harm in trying.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
。词义2(v.):伤害;损害;危害;例句:The scandal won't harm her reputation.(来源:柯
林斯词典)
词性转换
·形容词:harmful(有害的):例句:Smoking is harmful to your health.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
·形容词:harmless(无害的);例句:The snake is harmless..(来源:柯林斯词典)动词现在
分词:harming:例句:He is not harming anyone.(来源:自编合理示例)动词过去式和过
去分词:harmed;例句:His words harmed her feelings..(来源:自编合理示例)
同近义词
·近义词:damage(n./v.):损害;破坏;例句:The storm caused great damage to the crops.
(来源:牛津高阶词典)
·近义词:hurt(v.):伤害;使疼痛;例句:He hurt his back when he fell.(来源:牛津高阶
词典)
·近义词:injure(v.):伤害;使受伤:例句:He was injured in a car accident.(来源:柯林
斯词典)
固定搭配
。短语1:do harm to:对造成伤害;适用于描述事物对其他事物产生不良影响的场景,语
法上to后接受影响的对象;例句:Lack of sleep can do harm to your health.(来源:牛津高
阶词典)
·短语2:come to harm:受到伤害:适用于描述人或事物遭遇危险或损害的场景:例句:I
hope he doesn't come to harm.(来源:柯林斯词典)
。
短语3:mean no harm:并无恶意;适用于解释某人行为并非出于恶意的场景:例句:He
meant no harm when he said that.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
短语4:harm sb/sth.with sth.:用某物伤害某人/某物:适用于描述使用工具或物品造成伤
害的场景,语法上with后接伤害使用的物品;例句:He harmed the dog with a stick.(来源:
自编合理示例)
典型考法
·考法1:作动词,考察其过去式形式
。原题:The pollution
(harm)the environment last year.(答案:harmed)
·考法2:考察固定搭配do harm to
●
原题:Eating too much junk food can
your body.(答案:do
harm to)
1
必修3一unit1词汇精讲
soil
词义与词性
。词义1(n.):土壤;土地;国土;例句:Plants get the nutrients they need from the soil.
(来源:牛津高阶词典)
。词义2(v.):弄脏;污损:例句:He soiled his clothes while playing football.(来源:柯林
斯词典)
词性转换
。形容词:soiled(弄脏的;被污染的)例句:He picked up the soiled clothes.(来源:牛津高阶
词典)-动词过去式/过去分词:soiled(规则变化,直接加-ed)例句:The child soiled his
pants.(来源:柯林斯词典)-动词现在分词:soiling(直接加-ing)例句:Be careful not to
be soiling your new shirt.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
·近义词:earth(n.):泥土;土地例句:Most plants grow best in rich earth.(来源:牛津高
阶词典)
·近义词:mud(n.):泥;泥浆例句:The wheels sank into the mud.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
。短语1:fertile soil:肥沃的土壤;适用于描述农业种植相关场景,语法上作名词短语;例句:
This area has fertile soil for farming..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
。
短语2:soil erosion:土壤侵蚀;适用于环境科学等领域,语法上作名词短语:例句:Sol
erosion is a serious problem in this region.(来源:柯林斯词典)
。短语3:soil one's hands:弄脏某人的手:适用于描述做脏活等场景,语法上作动宾短语;例
句:He soiled his hands when he fired the car.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
短语4:be soiled with:被…弄脏;适用于描述物品被弄脏的场景,语法上with后接弄脏
的东西:例句:His shirt was soiled with ink.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
●
考法1:作名词,考察其不可数用法
·原题:Rich
(soil)is necessary for growing these plants.(答案:soil)
·考法2:作动词,考察其过去式形式
原题:He
(soil)his hands while working in the garden.(答案:soiled)
必修3unit1词汇精讲
overseas
词义与词性
·词义1(adj.):海外的,国外的;例句:Overseas markets have seen an increase in demand.
(来源:牛津高阶词典)
。词义2(adv.)::在海外,在国外;例句:Many students go overseas to study every year..(来
源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
·名词:overseasness(海外性,国外特色):例句:The overseasness of the culture really impressed
me.(来源:自编合理例句)
同近义词
·同义词:abroad(adv.):在国外;例句:He went abroad to further his studies.(来源:牛津
高阶词典)
·近义词:foreign(adj.):外国的:例句:He has many foreign friends..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
·短语1:overseas market:海外市场:适用于商业贸易场景,语法上作名词短语;例句:Ou
company is expanding into overseas markets.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
短语2:go overseas:去海外;适用于描述出行方向的场景,语法上go为谓语动词;例句:
She plans to go overseas next year.(来源:柯林斯词典)
短语3:overseas investment:海外投资;适用于金融投资场景,语法上作名词短语;例句:
The country encourages overseas investment..(来源:自编合理例句)
。
短语4:overseas student:海外学生;适用于教育场景,语法上作名词短语;例句:There are
many overseas students in this un2 versity..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
·考法1:作形容词,考察其在句子中作定语的用法
。原题:The company is focusing on its
(overseas)business..(答案:overseas)
考法2:考察固定搭配go overseas
●
原题:My brother decided to
to work.(答案:go overseas)
3
必修3一unit1词汇精讲
continent
词义与词性
·词义1((n.):大陆:陆地:洲:例句:Asia is the largest continent in the world.(来源:牛
津高阶词典)
词性转换
。形容词:continental(大陆的;大洲的):例句:The continental climate here is very obvious..
(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
。同义词:mainland(n.):大陆;主要陆地;例句:Most of the population lives on the mainland..
(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
。短语1:on the continent:在大陆上;适用于描述地理位置的场景,语法上直接使用;例句:
Many British people like to go on holiday on the continent..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
短语2:the African continent:非洲大陆;适用于描述特定大陆的场景,语法上continent前
加具体大陆名称;例句:There are many different cultures on the African continent.(来源:
柯林斯词典)
典型考法
·考法1:考察名词的单复数形式
。原题:There are seven
(continent)in the world.(答案:continents)
必修3一unit1词汇精讲
million
词义与词性
·词义1(num.)::一百万;大量;例句:The city has a population of over a million..(来源:
牛津高阶词典)
。词义2(n.):无数;百万元;例句:Millions of people watched the football game..(来源:
柯林斯词典)
同近义词
·同义词:mega-(前缀),表示“百万”;例句:a megawatt(来源:韦氏大词典)-
·近义词:zillion(n.),极大量;例句:I've got zillions of things to do.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
·短语1:millions of:数以百万计的;适用于描述数量众多的场景,语法上后接可数名词复
数:例句:Millions of stars are in the sky.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
。短语2:a million:一百万;用于确切表达数量;例句:The house costs a million dollars..(来
源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
。考法1:考察millions of的用法
。原题:
(million)of people come to the city every year.(答案:Millions)
考法2:考察a million表示确切数量
。原题:He has
(a million/millions of)dollars in the bank.(答案:a million)
必修3一unit1词汇精讲
region
词义与词性
。词义1(n.):地区;区域;地方例句:Most of the countries in the region have unstable
economies.(来源:柯林斯词典)
·词义2(n.):行政区例句:Italy is divided into20 regions.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
。词义3(n.):(通常界限不明的)区域,地方例句:I can smell a strange smell in this region
of the house.(来源:韦氏词典)
词性转换
。形容词:regional:地区的;区域的;地方的;例句:This is a regional problem that needs a
local solution.(来源:柯林斯词典)
。副词:regionally:在地区上;地域性地;例句:The custom varies regionally.(来源:韦氏
词典)
同近义词
·同义词:area(n.):地区;区域;地方;例句:This area has a lot of tourists every year.(来
源:牛津高阶词典):
·近义词:district(n.):区;行政区;例句:The city is divided into several districts.(来源:
柯林斯词典):
近义词:zone(n.):地带;地区;例句:This is a no-parking zone..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
·短语I:in the region of:大约;在…左右:适用于描述数量、程度等大约的范围,语法上
后接数字、数量等;例句:The house will cost in the region of$200,000.(来源:牛津高阶
词典)
·短语2:an autonomous region:自治区;适用于描述具有自治权的地区,语法上是名词短
语:例句:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is an important part of China.(来源:外研
社《英语》教材)
短语3:coastal region:沿海地区;适用于描述靠近海岸的区域,语法上是名词短语;例句:
Many big cities are located in the coastal region.(来源:朗文当代高级英语词典)
·短语4:mountainous region:山区;适用于描述多山的地区,语法上是名词短语;例句:Lfe
in the mountainous region can be very difficult..(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
·考法1:考察名词单复数变化
。原题:There are many different
(region)in this country with their own cultures.
(答案:regions)
必修3unit1词汇精讲
wildlife
词义与词性
。词义1(n.):野生生物;野生动物:野生植物例句:These laws are designed to protect wildlife.
(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
。形容词:wild(野生的;荒凉的)例句:This area is home to many wild animals.(来源:柯
林斯词典)
同近义词
。近义词:fauna(n.):动物群例句:The fauna of this region is very diverse..(来源:牛津高
阶词典)
-
。近义词:flora and fauna(n.):动植物群例句:The island has a unique combination of flora
and fauna.,(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
·短语1:wildlife conservation:野生动物保护;适用于描述保护野生动物的场景,语法上con
servation为名词:例句:Wildlife conservation is an important issue.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
。短语2:wildlife park:野生动物园;适用于描述动物园的场景,语法上park为名词;例句:
We went to a wildlife park last weekend.(来源:柯林斯词典)
。短语3:wildlife reserve::野生动物保护区;适用于描述保护区的场景,语法上reserve为名
词;例句:The government has set up a wildlife reserve.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
。
短语4:wildlife habitat:.野生动物栖息地;适用于描述动物生存环境的场景,语法上habitat
为名词:例句:The destruction of wildlife habitat is a major problem.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
。考法1:考察名词的用法
。原题:Many species of
(wildlife)are in danger of extinction.(答案:wildlife)
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必修3一unit1词汇精讲
variety
词义与词性
·词义1(n.):多样;种类;品种;例句:This shop offers a variety of fruits..(来源:牛津
高阶词典)
·词义2(n.):变化;多样化:例句:We all need variety in our diet.(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
。形容词:various;
意为各种各样的;例句:There are various reasons for his failure.(来源:
牛津高阶词典)
。
形容词:varied:意为各种各样的;有变化的;例句:The students have varied interests.(来
源:柯林斯词典)
动词:vary;意为(使)不同;(使)多样化;例句:Prices vary according to the season.(来
源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
·同义词:assortment:名词,各种各样:例句:The store has an assortment of toys.(来源:
柯林斯词典)
、
·近义词:diversity:名词,多样性;例句:We should respect the cultural diversity..(来源:牛
津高阶词典)
固定搭配
。短语1:a variety of::各种各样的;适用于描述事物种类繁多的场景,语法上后接可数名词
复数或不可数名词;例句:A variety of books are on sale..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
。
短语2:variety show:综艺节目;适用于描述娱乐节目类型的场景,语法上作名词短语;例
句:I like watching variety shows.(来源:柯林斯词典)
短语3:for a variety of reasons:由于种种原因;适用于说明原因的场景,语法上作状语;例
句:He left for a variety of reasons..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
。考法l:考察固定搭配a variety of
。原题:The supermarket offers
products.(答案:a variety of)
●
考法2:考察名词单复数,根据语境判断用单数还是复数
。原题:There are different
(variety)of flowers in the garden.(答案:varieties)
8
必修3unit1词汇精讲
length
词义与词性
·词义1(n.):长度;距离:例句:The river is about200 kilometers in length.(来源:牛津
高阶词典)
·词义2(n.)::时间的长短;期间;例句:We discussed the problem at length.(来源:柯林
斯词典)
词性转换
·形容词:long;例句:He has long hair..((来源:牛津高阶词典)
·副词:lengthily:例句:He spoke lengthily about his plans.(来源:韦氏词典)
同近义词
·同义词:extent(n.):长度;范围;程度;例句:We were amazed at the extent of his knowledge
(来源:牛津高阶词典)
·近义词:duration(n.):持续时间:例句:The duration of the concert was two hours.(来源:
柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
·短语1:at length:详细地;充分地;适用于描述详细阐述或讨论的场景,语法上作状语;例
句:He talked about his experiences at length.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
。短语2:in length:长度上;用于描述物体的长度;例句:This rope is5 meters in length.
(来源:朗文当代英语词典)
。
短语3:length of time:一段时间;用于描述时间的跨度;例句:The length of time we spent
0 n this project was too long.(来源:柯林斯词典)
·短语4:full length:全长:全身的:适用于描述物体完整长度或人的全身照等场景;例句:
The full-length mirror is very useful..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
。考法1:考察名词的固定搭配at length
。原题:The professor explained the theory
(length).(答案:at length)
考法2:考察in length短语
原题:The bridge is 100 neters
(答案:in length)
9
必修3一unit1词汇精讲
towering
词义与词性
·词义1(adj.):高耸的,l屹立的:例句:The towering skyscrapers in the city center are really
eye-catching.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
。词义2(adj.):强烈的,极大的;例句:He has a towering rage.(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
。动词:tower;意为“高耸,屹立”;例句:The ancient pagoda towers above the trees.(来源:
牛津高阶词典)》
同近义词
·同义词:lofty:形容词,高耸的;例句:The lofty mountains are covered with snow all year
round.(来源:柯林斯词典)-
·近义词:soaring:形容词,高耸的;例句:The soaring cliffs made the place very dangerous.
(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
。短语1:towering over:高耸于…之上;适用于描述物体高度对比的场景,语法上over后接
被高耸的对象;例句:The new building is towering over the old houses.(来源:牛津高阶
词典)
·短语2:towering anger:极度愤怒;适用于描述人的情绪状态,语法上anger是名词;例句:
He showed his towering anger when he heard the news.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
。考法1:作形容词,考察其在句子中作定语修饰名词
。原题:The
(tower)buildings in the city look magnificent.(答案:towering)
10