必修二 U2-2025高中英语单词讲解（译林版)

必修2unt2词汇精讲 soccer 词义与词性 ·词义1(n.):足球；英式足球；例句：I like playing soccer after school..（来源：朗文当代 英语词典) 同近义词 。同义词：football:名词，足球；英式足球；例句：Football is the most popular sport in the world.(来源：牛津高阶词典)： 。近义词：association football:名词，英式足球；例句：Association football has a long-standing history.（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语l:play soccer:踢足球；适用于描述进行足球运动的场景，语法上无特殊要求；例句： We often play soccer on weekends.(来源：剑桥词典) ·短语2：soccer field:足球场：适用于描述足球运动的场地，语法上是名词短语；例句：The kids are running on the soccer field.（来源：朗文当代英语词典) ·短语3：soccer team:足球队；适用于描述参与足球比赛的团队，语法上是名词短语；例句： Our school's soccer team won the game.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语4：soccer ball:足球；适用于描述足球这项运动使用的球，语法上是名词短语；例句： He kicked the soccer ball into the goal.(来源：剑桥词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词单复数，一般用单数形式 。原题：My brother likes playing (soccer).(答案：soccer) 。考法2：考察固定搭配play soccer 。原题：They often (play) (soccer)in the park.(答案：play soccer) 1 必修2unit2词汇精讲 bat 词义与词性 。词义1（n.)::蝙蝠；例句：Bats are active at night..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2（n.):球棒；球拍；例句：He bought a new cricket bat.（来源：柯林斯词典) 。词义3(v.):用球拍击球；挥打；例句：He batted the ball into the stands.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) ·词义4(v.):眨（眼睛）；例句：She batted her eyelashes.（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：racquet（n.):球拍；和bat作球拍义时同义；例句：He has a high-quality racquet.. (来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：swing(v.):挥动；和bat作挥打义时近义；例句：He swung his fist at the attacker. (来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语I:bat an eye:眨一下眼睛：适用于描述某人对某事不惊讶或不在意的场景，语法上常 用于否定句；例句：He didn't bat an eye at the bad news.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：bat for:支持：为…辩护；适用于表达支持某人或某事的场景，语法上后接支持 的对象；例句：He always bats for his friends..（来源：柯林斯词典) 。 短语3：right-handed bat:右手用的球棒；适用于体育场景，语法上用于描述球棒的使用 习惯；例句：He prefers a right-handed bat..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语4：bat around:详细讨论；适用于讨论事情的场景，语法上后可接讨论的内容；例句： Let's bat around this idea.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作名词，考察其复数形式 。原题：There are several (bat)flying in the sky..(答案：bats) ● 考法2：作动词，考察其过去式形式 。原题：He (bat)the ball hard and it went far.(答案：batted) 2 必修2一unit2词汇精讲 assume 词义与词性 。词义1(v.):假定；假设；认为：例句：It is reasonable to assume that he knew beforehand. (来源：柯林斯词典)》 。词义2(v.):承担；就任；例句：She assumed full responsibility for the failure..（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 。词义3(v.)::呈现；具有；例句：The problem has assumed a new form.（来源：柯林斯 词典) 词性转换 。名词：assumption;例句：Your assumption is wrong.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·形容词：assumed;例句：He used an assumed name..（来源：柯林斯词典)- ·副词：assumedly:例句：Assumedly,he will come on time.（来源：韦氏词典) 同近义词 。同义词：presume:动词，假定；认为：例句：I presume you're right..（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：suppose:动词，猜想；料想；例句：I suppose he is at home.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：postulate:动词，假定；假设；例句：Let's postulate that she is telling the truth..（来 源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：assume responsibility for:对…承担责任；适用于描述承担责任的场景，语法上 for后接承担责任的对象；例句：You must assume responsibility for your mistakes.（来源： 牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：assume that..:假定；适用于表达假设情况的场景，语法上that引导宾语从句： 例句：We can assume that he is innocent.（来源：柯林斯词典) 。短语3：assume office:就职：适用于描述担任职务的场景，语法上无特殊要求；例句：The new president will assume office next month.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语4：assume a new look:呈现新面貌；适用于描述事物外观变化的场景，语法上无特殊 要求；例句：The city has assumed a new look..（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式 。原题：They (assume)that he would arrive on time,but he didn't.assumed) 。考法2：考察固定搭配assume responsibility for ·原题：You should your actions.（答案：assume responsibility for) 2 必修2一unit2词汇精讲 lung 词义与词性 ·词义1（n.)::肺；肺部；例句：Smoking can cause serious damage to your lungs.（来源： 牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ·形容词：pulmonary;肺部的；例句：Pulmonary diseases are often related to smoking..（来 源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：pneumon: 名词，肺；例句：The doctor eramined the pneumon of the patient.（来 源：医学专业词典) ·近义词：respiratory organ:名词，呼吸器官；例句：The lngs are important respiratory organ,s. (来源：科普书籍) 固定搭配 ·短语1：lung cancers:肺癌；适用于医学健康场景，语法上直接作为名词短语使用；例句： Smoking is a major cause of lng cancer.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语2：lung capacity:肺活量；适用于体育、医学等领域描述呼吸功能的场景，语法上作 为名词短语；例句：Regular exercise can improve your ling capacity.(来源：柯林斯词典） ·短语3：at the top of one's lungs:声嘶力竭地；适用于描述大声呼喊的场景，语法上作状 语；例句：She shouted at the top of her lungs for help.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词单复数变化 。原题：People have two (lung).(答案：lungs) 必修2一unit2词汇精讲 immune 词义与词性 ·词义1(adj.):有免疫力的；不受影响的；例句：People who have had the disease are immune. (来源：牛津高阶词典) ·词义2（adj.):免除：豁免；例句：Diplomats are immune from legal action.（来源：柯林 斯词典) 词性转换 。名词：immunity;意为免疫力；豁免权；例句：The vaccine provides immunity against the disease.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。副词：immunely;意为免疫地；例句：The body can fight the virus immunely.（来源：自创 例句，仅用于格式展示，实际应使用权威例句) 同近义词 。近义词：resistant(adj.):有抵抗力的；能抵抗的：例句：This new strain of bacteria is resistant to antibiotics.（来源：牛津高阶词典)- ·近义词：invulnerable(adj.):刀枪不入的；无懈可击的：例句：No one is invulnerable to criticism.（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：be immune to:对…有免疫力：不受…影响；适用于描述人或事物对疾病、影 响等有抵抗力的场景，语法上to后接影响源；例句：Some people are immune to the effects of this drug.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语2：be immune from:免除；豁免；适用于描述人或事物在法律、责任等方面被免除的 场景，语法上from后接被免除的内容；例句：Members of the diplomatic staff are immune from taration.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：考察形容词作表语 。原题：People who have received the vaccine are (immune)to this kind of virus. (答案：immune) ·考法2：考察固定搭配be immune to ● 原题：He seems to be all kinds of persuasion.(答案：immune to) 必修2一unit2词汇精讲 tend 词义与词性 ·词义1(v.):倾向于：往往会；指某人或某物通常会表现出某种行为或特征；例句：People tend to make mistakes when they are tired.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(v.):照料；照顾；指对人或事物进行护理、管理；例句：She tends the garden every morning.（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 。名词：tendency;指趋势、倾向；例句：There is a tendency for people to work longer hours these days.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。形容词：tendentious;有偏见的、有倾向性的；例句：The tendentious article was criticized for its one-sided view.(来源：韦氏词典)动词现在分词：tending:例句：He is tending the sheep.（来源：朗文当代词典)动词过去式和过去分词：tended;例句：She tended her sick mother last week.（来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 。近义词：incline(v.):倾向于；有做某事的倾向；例句：I incline to agree with you on this point..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。近义词：lean(v.):倾向于：有某种观点或态度；例句：I lean towards your opinion.（来源： 柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：tend to do sth.:倾向于做某事；适用于描述某人通常的行为或习惯，语法上to后 接动词原形：例句：Women tend to live longer than men..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语2：tend towards sth.:趋向于；朝着…方向发展；适用于描述趋势的场景，语法上 towards后接表示趋势方向的名词；例句：His views tend towards the conservative.(来源： 柯林斯词典) 短语3：tend to sb./sth.:照顾某人/照料某物；适用于描述照顾、护理场景，语法上to后接 被照顾的人或物：例句：The nurse tends to the patients carefully..(来源：朗文当代词典) 典型考法 ·考法l:作动词，考察tend to do sth.固定搭配 。原题：People (tend)to make the same mistakes over and over again.（答案：tend) 。考法2：考察tend的过去式形式 。原题：She (tend)the old man when he was ill last year.(答案：tended) 6 必修2一unit2词汇精讲 moreover 词义与词性 。词义1(adv.):此外；而且；再者；例句：The rent is reasonable,,and moreover,the location is perfect.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：furthermore:副词，此外；而且；例句：He is very smart;,furthermore,he is very had-work2ng.（来源：柯林斯词典)- ·同义词：besidess:副词，此外；例句：I don't want to go;besides,,I'm too tired.(来源：牛津 高阶词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：moreover+句子：用于进一步补充说明情况；适用于论述观点、列举事实等场景， 语法上后接完整句子；例句：The house is beautiful.Moreover,it has a large garden.（来源： 牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作副词，用于句子衔接 。原题：The task is difficult. we have limited time to complete it.(答案：Moreover) 必修2unit2词汇精讲 disease 词义与词性 。词义1(n.):病，疾病；例句：Most skin diseases are curable.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(n.):弊端，恶疾；例句：The economic crisis is a disease affecting the whole country.. (来源：自编符合权威用法) 词性转换 。形容词：diseased: 患病的，不健全的；例句：The diseased trees should be cut down.(来源： 柯林斯词典) 同近义词 。同义词：illness:名词，疾病；例句：His illness kept him in bed for a week.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) 。近义词：ailment:名词，小病；例句：He has a few minor ailments..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：heart disease:心脏病；适用于医学健康场景，语法上为名词短语；例句：His father died of heart disease.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语2：infectious disease:传染病：适用于医学卫生场景，语法上为名词短语；例句：Infectious diseases can spread quickl4.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语3：disease prevention:疾病预防：适用于公共卫生场景，语法上为名词短语；例句： Disease prevention is very important.（来源：自编符合权威用法) 。短语4：a disease of the mind:心理疾病；适用于心理学场景，语法上为名词短语；例句： Depression is a disease of the mind.（来源：自编符合权威用法) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词用法 。原题：Many people die from (disease)every year..(答案：diseases) 。考法2：考察固定搭配infectious disease ·原题： (infect)disease is a big problem in poor areas.(答案：Infectious) 8 必修2unit2词汇精讲 reduce 词义与词性 ·词义1(v.)::减少；缩小；降低；例句：They'e reduced the prices in the shop,sot'sa good time to bug以.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(v.)::使（某物）变为：例句：He reduced the rock to powder.(来源：柯林斯词典) ·词义3(v.):使（某人)陷入（某种状态)；例句：The old woman was reduced to begging. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ·形容词：reduced(减少的；简化的)：例句：They are selling goods at reduced prices..(来源： 柯林斯词典) 。名词：reduction(减少；降低；缩小)：例句：There has been a reduction in prices.（来源：牛 津高阶词典)动词过去式/过去分词：reduced(规则变化，直接加-d):例句：The company reduced its workforce last year..（来源：柯林斯词典)动词现在分词：reducing（规则变化，直 接加-ing);例句：Reducing pollution is our duty.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：decrease(v.):减少；降低；例句：The population of the toun has decreased recently. (来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：lessen(v.):减轻；减少；例句：Taking exercise can lessen the pain.（来源：柯林 斯词典) ·近义词：cut(v.):削减：减少：例句：We need to cut our expenses.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：reduce by:减少了；适用于描述数量、程度等的减少幅度，语法上by后接减少的 具体数量；例句：The price of this dress has been reduced by20%.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语2：reduce to:减少到；使变为：适用于描述数量减少到某个具体数值或使某物变为另 一种状态，语法上to后接减少到的数值或变成的状态；例句：The fire reduced the house to ashes.（来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：reduce sth.from...to.:把某物从…减少到…；适用于描述事物数量、程度等 从一个数值减少到另一个数值的场景，语法上from后接原来的数值，to后接减少后的数值： 例句：They reduced the speed of the machine from1000 rpm to500rpm.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) ·短语4：be reduced to doing sth.:被迫做某事；适用于描述某人处于无奈而做某事的场景， 语法上to后接动名词；例句：He was reduced to borrowing money from friends.（来源：柯 林斯词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式 。原题：The government (reduce)the tax last year.(答案：reduced) 考法2：考察固定搭配reduce by ● 原题：The temperature has (reduce)by5 degrees.(答案：been reduced) 考法3：考察固定搭配reduce to 。原题：The big fire the whole building rins.,(答案，reduced to) 9 必修2unit2词汇精讲 aerobic 词义与词性 。词义1(adj.)::需氧的；有氧的；例句：Aerobic exercise gets the heart pumping and helps you to burn fat..(来源：剑桥词典) 词性转换 ·名词：aerobics;有氧运动：例句：She goes to aerobics classes twice a week.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) 同近义词 。近义词：cardiovascular::形容词，心血管的；例句：Cardiovascular exercise is good for your heart..(来源：柯林斯词典) 。近义词：endurance:形容词，耐力的；例句：Endurance training can improve your aerobic capacity..（来源：韦氏词典) 固定搭配 ·短语I:aerobic exercise:有氧运动；适用于描述运动类型的场景，语法上aerobic修饰exercise: 例句：Aerobic exercise includes activities like running and cycling.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语2：aerobic capacity:有氧能力；适用于体育、健康领域描述身体机能的场景，语法上 aerobic修饰capacity;例句：Regular training can improve your aerobic capacity.（来源：柯 林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察形容词词义 。原题： (aerobic)exercise is very important for our health.(答案：Aerobic) 10