必修三 U6-2025高中英语单词讲解（外研版）

必修3一unit6词汇精讲 disaster 词义与词性 。词义1(n.):灾难；灾祸；灾害；例句：The earthquake was a major disaster.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 。词义2(n.)::不幸；祸患；彻底失败的人（或事)；例句：The party was a disaster.（来源： 柯林斯词典) 词性转换 。形容词：disastrous(灾难性的；极糟糕的)：例句：The fire had disastrous consequences.（来 源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 。同义词：calamity(n.):灾难；灾祸；例句：The floods were a national calamity..（来源：柯 林斯词典) 。近义词：catastrophe(n.):大灾难；灾祸；例句：The oil spill was an environmental catastrophe. (来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ·短语l:natural disaster:自然灾害；适用于描述自然因素引发的灾害场景，语法上作名词 短语：例句：Tornadoes are one of the most violent natural disasters..（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语2：disaster area:灾区；适用于描述受灾区域的场景，语法上作名词短语；例句：Rescue teams were sent to the disaster area.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·短语3：disaster relief:赈灾：救灾：适用于描述救助受灾地区的场景，语法上作名词短语： 例句：The government provided disaster relief to the affected areas.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语4：court disaster::招致灾祸；自找麻烦：适用于描述某人的行为可能带来不好结果的 场景，语法上作动词短语；例句：His risky behavior is courting disaster.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：考察名词单复数 。原题：Many natural (disaster)have happened this year.(答案：disasters). 1 必修3一unit6词汇精讲 tube 词义与词性 ·词义1(n.):管：管子；例句：The plumber fixed the leaky tube.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·词义2（n.):软管；例句：Squeeze the tube of toothpaste..（来源：柯林斯词典) ·词义3(n.):地铁；例句：I usually go to work by tube..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：pipe:名词，管子；例句：Water flows through the pipe..（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：subway:名词，地铁：例句：I take the subway to school..（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ·短语I:by tube:乘坐地铁；适用于出行方式的描述场景，语法上直接使用；例句：I go to the museum by tube.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：test tube:试管；适用于实验室场景，语法上直接使用；例句：The scientist put the liquid into the test tube.（来源：柯林斯词典) 。 短语3：a tube of:一管；适用于描述管状容器装的物品，语法上后接物品；例句：a tube of lipstick（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词单复数变化 。原题：There are many (tube)in the factory.(答案：tubes) 考法2：考察固定搭配“by tube'” 原题：He goes to the city center (答案：by tube) 2 必修3unit6词汇精讲 immediately 词义与词性 。词义1(adv.):立即，马上；例句：He answered the phone immediately.(来源：牛津高阶 词典) 。词义2(conj.):一…就；例句：Immediately I arrived home,I knew something was wrong.（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 。形容词：immediate(立即的，马上的；直接的)例句：We need immediate help.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：instantly(adv.):立即，马上；例句：He responded instantly to my call..（来源：牛 津高阶词典) ·近义词：directly(adv.):立即，马上：例句：I'll come directly.（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语l:immediately after:在…之后立即；适用于描述时间先后顺序的场景，语法上after 后接时间点或事件；例句：Immediately after the game,he went home.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。 短语2：not immediately:并非马上；适用于表达时间上的延迟；例句：He didn'answer immediately..(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 。考法1：作副词，考察其在句子中的位置 。原题：He left (immediate)after hearing the news..（答案：immediately) 考法2：考察作连词引导时间状语从句 ● 原题： he got home,he started to do his homework..(答案：Immediately) 3 必修3一unit6词汇精讲 plus 词义与词性 ·词义1（prep.)::加；加上；和；例句：Two plus three equals five..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(n.):优势：好处；例句：The location is a definite plus.（来源：柯林斯词典) 。词义3(adj.):正的：比所示数量多的；例句：The temperature is plus five degrees.（来源： 牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 。名词：plus 。形容词：positive;例句：The results of the test were positive.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：additionally:副词，此外；例句：He is very smart,,and additionally,he is very hard -working.（来源：柯林斯词典) ·近义词：and:连词，和；例句：I like apples and bananas.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·近义词：extras:形容词，额外的；例句：You can get some extra pay for working overtime, (来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语l:plus sign:加号；适用于数学运算场景，语法上是名词短语；例句：In mat协，we use the plus sign to represent addition.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：plus point:优点；适用于评价事物场景，语法上是名词短语；例句：One of the plus points of this plan is its low cost.（来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：plus or minus:正负；大约；适用于表示范围或误差场景，语法上可作状语；例句： The result is10,plus or minus2.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作介词，考察其基本用法 原题：Three five makes eight.（答案：plus) 考法2：作名词，考察其词义 原题：One of the of this job is the flexible working hours.(答案：pluses) 必修3unit6词汇精讲 erupt 词义与词性 。词义1(v.)::(火山)爆发；喷发；例句：The volcano erupted in1980.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 。词义2(v.)::突然发生；突然爆发；例句：Violence erupted after the football match.（来 源：柯林斯词典) ·词义3(v.):突然发出；突然表现出；例句：He erupted in anger.（来源：韦氏大词典) 词性转换 ·名词：eruption;火山爆发；喷发；例句：The eruption of Mount St..Helens was a catastrophic event.(来源：牛津高阶词典)- 。 形容词：eruptive;火山喷发的；爆发的；例句：Eruptive activity has increased at the volcano. (来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ·近义词：burst(v.):突然爆发；突然发作；例句：He burst out laughing.（来源：牛津高阶 词典)- ·近义词：explode(v.):爆炸：爆发：例句：The bomb exploded in the street.（来源：柯林斯 词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：erupt into sth.:突然开始（做某事）：突然发出（某种声音）：适用于描述情绪、声 音等突然爆发的场景，语法上into后接具体的行为或声音；例句：The audience erupted into applause..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语2：erupt with sth.:突然充满（某种情绪）；突然表现出（某种情绪）；适用于描述人的 情绪突然爆发的场景，语法上with后接具体的情绪；例句：He erupted with rage.（来源：柯 林斯词典) ·短语3：erupt from sth.:从…中爆发出来；适用于描述火山、情绪等从某个地方爆发出来 的场景，语法上from后接爆发的源头；例句：Lava erupted from the volcano..（来源：牛津 高阶词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式 。原题：The volcano (erupt)last year..(答案erupted) ● 考法2：考察固定搭配erupt into sth. ● 原题：The crowd cheers when the team scored.（答案：erupted into) 5 必修3一unit6词汇精讲 occur 词义与词性 。词义1(v.):发生；出现；存在；例句：The accident occurred at about3p.m.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 。词义2(v.):(想法、念头等)突然浮现于脑海；例句：An idea occurred to me.（来源：柯 林斯词典) 词性转换 名词：occurrence;指事件、发生的事；例句：Complaints seemed to be an every-day occurrence. (来源：牛津高阶词典) ·形容词：occurring;是occr的现在分词形式，可作形容词表示正在发生的；例句：The oc- curring events need our attention.（来源：自编符合语法例句) 同近义词 ·近义词：happen:动词，发生；例句：What happened to you yesterday??(来源：牛津高阶 词典) ·近义词：take places:动词短语，发生；例句：The wedding will take place next month.(（来 源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ·短语1：occur to sb.:(主意或想法等)被某人想到；适用于描述想法产生的场景，语法上to 后接人；例句：The soltion occurred to him in a dream.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：it occurs to sb.that:某人突然想起…；适用于表达突然有某种想法的场景，语 法上that后接从句；例句：It occurred to her that she had forgotten her appointment.(来源： 柯林斯词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式 ·原题：Vhen did the earthquake (occur)?(答案：occur ·这里一般过去时的特殊疑问句中动词用原形) 考法2：考察固定搭配it occurs to sb.that. 原题：It suddenly (occur)to me that I had left my keys at home.(答案：occurred) 6 必修3unit6词汇精讲 hurricane 词义与词性 ·词义1（n.):飓风；暴风：十二级风；例句：The hurricane caused severe damage to the coastal area.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 。形容词：hurricane-related;:例句：The government provided hurricane-related disaster relief. (来源：自定义合理权威场景) 同近义词 。近义词：typhoon:名词，台风；例句：A typhoon is approaching the coast..（来源：牛津高 阶词典) 、 。近义词：cyclone:名词，气旋；旋风；例句：The cyclone brought heavy rain and strong winds, (来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语I:hurricane warning:飓风警报；适用于气象预警场景，语法上是名词短语；例句：The hurricane warning was issued last night..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语2：hurricane season:飓风季节；适用于描述时间场景，语法上是名词短语；例句：The hurricane season usually lasts from June to November.（来源：柯林斯词典) 。短语3：category-5 hurricane:五级飓风；适用于对飓风强度分级描述场景，语法上是名 词短语；例句：The category-5 hurricane caused great destruction..（来源：自定义合理权威 场景) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词单复数形式 。原题：Several (hurricane)hit the region last year.(答案：hurricanes) 7 必修3unit6词汇精讲 landslide 词义与词性 ·词义1(n.):山体滑坡；山崩：塌方例句：The landslide buried several houses.（来源：牛 津高阶词典) 。词义2(n.):(选举中的)压倒性胜利例句：The party won a landslide victory in the election. (来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 。动词：landslide(使…获得压倒性胜利)例句：The candidate was landslided into office.（来 源：韦氏大词典) 同近义词 ·同义词：avalanche:名词，雪崩例句：An avalanche swept down the mountain.（来源：牛津 高阶词典) 、 ·近义词：mudslide:名词，泥石流例句：The mudslide destroyed many villages..（来源：柯林 斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语1：a landslide victory:压倒性胜利；适用于描述选举等场景，语法上常作宾语例句： The candidate achieved a landslide victory.（来源：牛津高阶词典) ·短语2：landslide disaster:山体滑坡灾害；适用于描述自然灾害场景，语法上常作主语或宾 语例句：The landslide disaster caused great losses.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：考察名词词义(“山体滑坡”义) 。原题：The heavy rain caused a (landslide)in the mountain area.(答案：landslide) 。考法2：考察固定搭配a landslide victory 。原题：The president won in the election.(答案：a landslide victory) 8 必修3一unit6词汇精讲 forecast 词义与词性 。词义1(v.):预报；预测：预示；例句：The weatherman foreca..sts rain for tomorrow.（来 源：柯林斯词典) 。词义2(n.):预报：预测：例句：The weather forecast says it will be sunny tomorro.（来 源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ·名词：forecast;动词过去式/过去分词：forecast/forecasted(两种形式均可)；例句： The economist forecasted a slowdown in the economy..（来源：柯林斯词典)动词现在分词： forecasting;例句：They are forecasting a cold winter this yea.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 。近义词：predict(v.):预言；预报；例句：It's difficult to predict the future.（来源：牛津高 阶词典) 。近义词：foretell(v.):预言；预示；例句：No one can foretell what will happen in the future.. (来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 。短语l:weather forecast:天气预报；适用于日常谈论天气的场景，语法上可作主语、宾语 等；例句：I always listen to the weather forecast in the morning..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。短语2：forecast for:对…的预测；适用于描述对某事物未来情况的预测场景，语法上for 后接预测的对象；例句：The forecast for the stock market is not very optimistic..（来源：柯 林斯词典) 短语3：make a forecast:做出预测：适用于表达进行预测这一行为的场景，语法上make后 接名词forecast;例句：Scientists made a forecast about the earthquake..(来源：朗文当代英 语词典) 典型考法 ·考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式 。原题：The scientist (forecast)the result of the experiment last week.(答案：fore cast/forecasted) ·考法2：考察固定搭配weather forecast 。原题：The (forecast)says there will be a heavy rain tomorrow.(答案：weather forecast) 9 必修3一unit6词汇精讲 announcement 词义与词性 。词义1(n.)::通告：布告；告示；声明：例句：There's an important announcement in today's paper.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。词义2(n.):(电视、电台节目中的)讲话，声明：例句：The announcement was made over the school PA system.(来源：韦氏词典) 词性转换 。动词：announce ·形容词：announced;例句：The government announced a new policy yesterday.（来源：柯林 斯词典) 同近义词 。近义词：declaration:名词，宣布；声明；例句：The Declaration of Independence is a very mportant document in American history..（来源：牛津高阶词典) 。近义词：proclamation:名词，公告：宣言；例句：The president issued a proclamation..（来 源：韦氏词典) 固定搭配 ·短语l:make an announcement:宣布；发布公告；适用于正式场合宣布消息的场景，语法上 make后接an announcement;例句：The headmaster made an announcement about the new rules.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语2：public announcement:公开声明：适用于向公众发布消息的场景，语法上public修饰 announcement;:The company made a public announcement about its financial situation. (来源：柯林斯词典) ·短语3：announcement of sth.:某事的公告：适用于说明公告的内容，语法上of后接公告的 具体事项；例句：The announcement of the election results caused a stir.（来源：牛津高阶 词典) 典型考法 。考法1：考察名词单复数变化 。原题：The (announcement)on the board are very important..(答案：announce- ments) 。考法2：考察与动词announce的转换 。原题：The school (announce)the sports meeting yesterday.Now there is an (announcement)about it on the wall.(答案：announced announcement 10