高中英语语法要点讲解 Lesson 4 it 作形式主语 讲义-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

2025-09-30
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摘要:

该高中英语讲义聚焦it作形式主语这一高考核心语法点,系统整合that名词性从句、动名词、不定式作真正主语的用法,按“基础用法—句式转换—综合应用”逻辑架构知识点。通过考点梳理(必学重点)、方法指导(例句对比分析)、分层练习(马上试试看与测验)等环节,帮助学生突破中英文句式差异难点,构建系统的语法知识网络。 资料创新采用中英文句式对比教学法,如通过“你将赢得这场比赛是不可能的”两种英文表达(It is impossible that...与That...is impossible)引导学生分析思维差异,提升语言能力与思维品质。设计“句式转换专项训练”(如马上试试看第9题That从句与第10题It形式主语句式互变),配合即时反馈的测验题,确保学生高效掌握考点,为教师精准把控复习节奏提供实用教学工具。

内容正文:

高中英语语法要点讲解 Lesson 4 it作形式主语 It is impossible that you will win this game. 你将赢得这场比赛是不可能的。 英文和中文,哪里不一样? 英文句子不喜欢头重脚轻,也就是主语太长的句子,所以常会在句子开头用“it”来代替所要说的事情,之后再将事情补充说明在后面。简单讲就是it作形式主语。现在我们就来学学如何把名词性从句变成it的分身,顺利将所要说的事情补充在后面吧。 必学重点1 前一课所学的that名词性从句,它的本质就是it,除了可放在开头当主语,也可放在句尾补充it所要说的事情,简单地讲也就是it作形式主语。 例句分析 1.你将赢得这场比赛是不可能的。 写法一:(it作形式主语的写法) 中文:你将赢得这场比赛是不可能的。 英文:It is不可能的+that你将要赢得这场比赛(这件事)。 =It is impossible that you will win this game. (it=that名词性从句) ◎ It=that you will win this game,两者是相同的。 ◎ 前面的It算是形式主语,后面的分身that you will win this game(that名词性从句)才是真正的主语。 分析: 英文句子不喜欢头重脚轻,因此常会在句子开头用“it”来代替所要说的事情,之后再将分身“名词性从句that you will win this game”补充说明在后面。 写法二:(that名词性从句放句首的写法) 中文:你将赢得这场比赛是不可能的。 英文:That你将要赢得这场比赛(这件事)+是不可能的。 =That you will win this game is impossible. =“It is impossible.”的概念! 常见错误:例句分析-文-细 名词性从句若放在前句,不可以省略that,会容易导致读者混淆“你”跟“你想要赢得比赛这件事”谁才是这句话的主语。 例句分析 2.10分钟内我们将抵达那里(arrive there)是不可能的。 写法一:(it作形式主语的写法) 中文:10分钟内我们将抵达那里是不可能的。 英文:It is不可能的+that我们将抵达那里10分钟内(这件事)。 =It is impossible that we will arrive there in ten minutes. ◎ It=that we will arrive there in ten minutes,两者其实是相同的。 ◎ 前面的It算是形式主语,后面的分身that we will arrive there in ten minutes(that名词性从句)才是真正的主语喔。 分析: 英文句子不喜欢头重脚轻,因此常会在句子开头用“it”来代替所要说的事情,之后再将分身“名词性从句that we will arrive there in ten minutes”补充说明在后面。 写法二:(that名词性从句放句首的写法) 中文:10分钟内我们将抵达那里是不可能的。 英文:That我们将抵达那里10分钟内(这件事)+是不可能的。 =That we will arrive there in ten minutes is impossible. =“It is impossible.”的概念! 常见错误:例句分析-文-细 名词性从句若放在前句,不可以省略that,因为容易导致读者混淆“我们”跟“我们将10分钟内抵达那里这件事”谁才是这句话的主语。 马上试试看1 1.很难相信(believe)他是一位导游(tour guide)。(It is hard to...) 2.很难相信他是一位导游。(That he is a...) 3.他已经参观过(visited)多少国家了(countries)?(How many countries has he...) 4.他已经参观过63(sixty-three)个国家了。(He has...) 5.哪个是他特别喜欢的(favorite)国家?(Which is his...) 6.我不知道哪个是他特别喜欢的国家。(I don’t know which his...) 7.但我知道他非常喜欢(very much)中国(China)。(But I know that...) 8.因为在中国有许多特别的(special)建筑(buildings)和美味(delicious)的食物(foods)。(Because there are...) 9.在中国旅行是非常有趣的(interesting)。(That you travel in...) 10.在中国旅行是非常有趣的。(It is very...that you...) 必学重点2 其实动名词、不定式、that名词性从句都可代表it这件事,因此它们都可当作是it的分身。 例句分析 我们想要5点前完成这个工作是非常辛苦的。 写法一:(it作形式主语的写法) 中文:我们想要5点前完成这个工作是非常辛苦的。 英文:It is非常辛苦的+that我们想要5点前完成这个工作。 =It is very hard that we want to finish this work by five o’clock. (that名词性从句当分身) =It is very hard for us to finish this work by five o’clock. (不定式当分身) =It is very hard for us finishing this work by five o’clock. (动名词当分身) 分析: 1.要避免句子头重脚轻,通常会在句子开头用“It”来代替所要说的事情,之后再将可当分身的名词性从句、不定式、动名词补充说明在后面。 2.若以不定式跟动名词当分身时,我们无法使用跟名词性从句一样“(我们想要……)that we want to finish this work”的写法,因此必须改用“(它对我们来说……)It is very hard for us”的写法,来表达同样的意思。 3.by和before的差别在于,by是包含5点,但before并不包含5点哦。 写法二:(that名词性从句放句首的写法) 中文:我们想要5点前完成这个工作是非常辛苦的。 英文:我们想要5点前完成这个工作(这件事)+is非常辛苦的。 =That we want to finish this work by five o’clock is very hard. (that名词性从句写法) =To finish this work by five o’clock is very hard for us. (不定式写法) =Finishing this work by five o’clock is very hard for us. (动名词写法) =“It is very hard for us.”的概念! 分析: 1.我们开头用名词性从句写法,可以完整表达“(我们想要……)That we want to finish this work”的意思,所以主体结构=“It is very hard.”没有问题。 2.但我们若用不定式或动名词写法时,本句的基本结构就要必须改用“(它对我们来说……)It is very hard for us”的写法=Finishing (To finish) this work by five o’clock is very hard for us.来表达同样的意思。 马上试试看2 1.请问(Excuse me),你知道如何去地铁(subway)吗?(Excuse me, do you know...) 2.是的,我知道。 3.你正要去(going)哪里?(Where are...) 4.我正要去参观(visit)埃菲尔铁塔(Eiffel Tower)。(I am going to...) 5.搭乘(ride)地铁去埃菲尔铁塔是非常方便的(convenient)。(It is very...) 6.搭乘(ride)地铁去埃菲尔铁塔是非常方便的。(Riding the subway to...) 7.你可以往前走(go straight),然后(and then)右转(turn right)。 8.你在巴黎(Paris)学会如何搭乘地铁是非常重要的。(It is...that you learn how to...) 9.你在巴黎学会如何搭乘地铁是非常重要的。(That you learn how to...) 10.在巴黎学会如何搭乘地铁是非常重要的。(To learn how to...) 11.在巴黎学会如何搭乘地铁是非常重要的。(Learning how to...) 12.但最重要的事是小心地(carefully)保护你的钱包(protecting your wallet)。(But the most important thing is...) 13.因为地铁有许多小偷(thieves),他们会偷取(steal)你的钱和护照(passport)。(Because there are many...) 14.谢谢(Thanks for)你的忠告(advice),我会(will be)小心的(careful)。 测验 1.你想要3分钟内记住(remember)这个故事是很困难的。(It is difficult that...) 2.你想要3分钟内记住(to remember)这个故事是很困难的。(It is difficult for you...) 3.你想要3分钟内记住(remembering)这个故事是很困难的。(It is difficult for you...) 4.她想要立刻(right away)回答(answer)这些问题(questions)是很容易的。(That she wants...) 5.她想要立刻(right away)回答这些问题是很容易的。(Answering...is easy for her.) 6.她想要立刻(right away)回答这些问题是很容易的。(To answer...is easy for her.) 7.他要1天内(in one day)完全地(fully)纠正(fix)这个错误(mistake)是不可能的(It is...that he will) 8.他1天内完全纠正(to fix)这个错误是不可能的。(It is...for him...) 9.他1天内完全纠正(fixing)这个错误是不可能的。(It is...for him...) 10.你经常(frequently)在图书馆(library)里睡觉是没礼貌的(impolite)。(That you sleep in...) 11.经常在图书馆里睡觉是没礼貌的。(Sleeping in...) 12.经常在图书馆里睡觉是没礼貌的。(To sleep in...) 参考答案 马上试试看1 1. It is hard to believe that he is a tour guide. 2. That he is a tour guide is hard to believe. 3. How many countries has he visited? 4. He has visited sixty-three countries. 5. Which is his favorite country? 6. I don’t know which his favorite country is. 7. But I know that he likes China very much. 8. Because there are many special buildings and delicious foods in China. 9. That you travel in China is very interesting. 10. It is interesting that you travel in China. 马上试试看2 1. Excuse me, do you know how to go to the subway? 2. Yes, I know. 3. Where are you going? 4. I am going to visit Eiffel Tower. 5. It is very convenient to ride the subway to Eiffel Tower. 6. Riding the subway to Eiffel Tower is very convenient. 7. You can go straight and then turn right. 8. It is very important that you learn how to ride the subway in Paris. 9. That you learn how to ride the subway in Paris is very important. 10. To learn how to ride the subway in Paris is very important. 11. Learning how to ride the subway in Paris is very important. 12. But the most important thing is protecting your wallet carefully. 13. Because there are many thieves in the subway, they will steal your money and passport. 14. Thanks for your advice, I will be careful. 测验 1. It is difficult that you want to remember this story in three minutes. 2. It is difficult for you to remember this story in three minutes. 3. It is difficult for you remembering this story in three minutes. 4. That she wants to answer these questions right away is easy. 5. Answering these questions right away is easy for her. 6. To answer these questions right away is easy for her. 7. It is impossible that he will fix this mistake fully in one day. 8. It is impossible for him to fix this mistake fully in one day. 9. It is impossible for him fixing this mistake fully in one day. 10. That you sleep in the library frequently is impolite. 11. Sleeping in the library frequently is impolite. 12. To sleep in the library frequently is impolite. 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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高中英语语法要点讲解 Lesson 4 it 作形式主语 讲义-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项
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高中英语语法要点讲解 Lesson 4 it 作形式主语 讲义-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项
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高中英语语法要点讲解 Lesson 4 it 作形式主语 讲义-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项
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