精品解析：北京市北京市西城区育才学校2025-2026学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题

北京市育才学校2025—2026学年度第一学期月考试卷 高三英语 2025.9 本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When Gertrude Grew Great Gertrude was just an average kid with an average life. At home, she helped out just enough to slide by. At school, she did just enough homework to stay out of ____1____. She had straight C’s in all of her classes. One day Gertrude’s teacher stopped her after class. “Gertrude,” he said, “I’ve seen the work you do in class, and some of it is ____2____.” Gertrude knew there were moments when she did try a little harder than what everyone ____3____, like when she took extra time with her homework to make it look fancy. But she didn’t really believe that she could change. She had done just enough to ____4____ for so long. In fact, she was scared by the thought of having the power to become whatever she wanted. That night, Gertrude had a dream. It was ten years into the future. She could not find an average job, because even the average jobs were ____5____ by above-average workers. Gertrude wanted her own place, her own life. A voice spoke in the dream: “The present is nothing more than the ____6____ of the choices made in the past. The future will only be the results of the choices we make today.” Gertrude began crying, because she knew she had helped ____7____ the world where she lived, and the choices she made had produced the options she had. The next day, she tried harder in school, and she felt ____8____ than usual. She helped more around the house, and she felt better than typical. Soon the pattern of success ____9____ that of being normal and Gertrude even became great at failing by learning from her mistakes. Ten years later, Gertrude lived in an average sized house and she was just the average adult. But her ____10____ was above average, because her life was hers. 1. A. trouble B. order C. sight D. debt 2. A. challenging B. amusing C. amazing D. encouraging 3. A. learned B. insisted C. expected D. complained 4. A. give in B. get by C. show up D. stand out 5. A. offered B. filled C. refused D. valued 6. A. chance B. risk C. reward D. outcome 7. A. shape B. lead C. better D. protect 8. A. sadder B. smarter C. calmer D. freer 9. A. followed B. covered C. produced D. replaced 10. A. happiness B. anxiety C. sadness D. loneliness 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给出提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Giant panda Fu Bao arrived in Chengdu, Sichuan Province on April 3rd, 2024 after living in South Korea for over 3 years. Large screens were lit up ____11____ (welcome) Fu Bao home. These large screen advertisements ____12____ (purchase) by dozens of fans. Fu Bao is the first giant panda born in South Korea and a successful case of overseas breeding. Since the 1990s, China ____13____ (conduct) giant panda conservation cooperation and research with institutions in other countries. Currently, there are a local of 49 giant pandas abroad. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给出提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Around 90% of road accidents are caused by human errors, and self-driving cars with AI aim to solve the problem. ____14____ they can do is to keep vehicle hardware healthy by driving strategically and safely. In this way, traffic violations and fines can be avoided, ____15____ can help save costs. Drivers also benefit from the ____16____ (integrate) of AI technology during long trips as they can rest while the car’s system takes care of driving. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给出提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 As summer vacation approaches, study tours of primary and middle school students have become popular. ____17____ (absorb) in academic studies at school, students are left with little room for activities such as practical labor or hands-on experience. During the study tours, they come ____18____ groups to major attractions, museums and farms to learn while sightseeing. Educational trips offer students precious ____19____ (opportunity) to become more independent. By ____20____(engage) in independent living and problem solving with peers, students can learn to navigate real-life situations. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Student Volunteer Internships 2023-2024 A limited number of unpaid internships (实习) are available in Washington, D.C. within the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Office of Water. You must be a full-time undergraduate or graduate student. A diversity of candidates within various fields of study are encouraged to apply, including degree candidates in the following subjects: Hydrology, aquatic biology, marine science, environmental engineering, geology, meteorology, soil science, etc. Public health, toxicology, sanitation, environmental justice, etc. Public administration, finance, management, communications, etc. Candidates should have a demonstrated interest or career goals in a water-health or public-health related field including sustainability and resilience. Demanded qualities include strong analytical, written and oral skills, the ability to work independently and on a team, and a strong desire to take initiative. The volunteer intern will work for a minimum of 12 weeks on a full-time (40 hours per week) or part-time (20 hours per week) schedule. Participants will not be paid, but are qualified to apply for a travelling expense. Participants do not become EPA employees during their stay. Applications will be accepted on a rolling basis; however, most projects will arise for internship opportunities during the Summer Semester. Please submit your application at least 2 months before each semester begins. We recognize that timeframes may vary due to class schedules and we will work with individual candidates to specify exact timing and duration as necessary. The general timeframes by semester are as follows: Summer Semester (late May through late August) Fall Semester (September through December) Spring Semester (January through April) To apply, email a resume, cover letter, and a short writing sample (maximum 5 pages) to: braschayko.kelley@epa.gov. 21. According to the passage, applicants are required to ______. A. be full-time graduate students. B. speak foreign language fluently. C. have the ability to work with teams. D. major in a public-health related field. 22. What will EPA provide for the volunteer interns? A. Financial support for transport. B. less than 12-week work schedules. C. A letter of recommendation. D. Employment opportunities. 23. What should candidates do to apply for the internship? A. Email your intern timeframes. B. Provide the degree certificate. C. Work in a team for 12 weeks. D. Offer a short writing sample. B In a small town located between rolling hills, there lived a girl named Lily, passionate about painting. From a young age, she found comfort in the strokes of her brush, creating vibrant landscapes and amusing creatures. Yet, her fear of judgment kept her art hidden; she painted in secret, each piece a beautiful treasure waiting for the light of day. One rainy afternoon, while seeking shelter, Lily stepped into a local art exhibit at a gallery. The atmosphere was filled with excitement, and the walls displayed colorful pieces that told stories. Despite her anxiety, she felt urged to enter. As she wandered, she overheard the curator(馆长) discussing the power of being honest in art. “Art is not about perfection; it’s about connection,” he said, emphasizing that revealing who we are — flaws and all — is essential. His words struck a chord within her, sparking hope. That night, Lily considered her journey and decided to display her artwork at the upcoming local fair. As the date approached, she poured her heart into preparation, selecting pieces that represented her growth. On the day of the fair, as she set up her booth, excitement mixed with fear. Doubts whispered in her mind, but she knew she had to take this leap. As people wandered by, some paused to admire her work. A stranger was attracted by a sunset painting, and they struck up a conversation. For the first time, Lily felt warmth spreading through her as she shared the story behind the piece. Suddenly, she realized her art resonated with someone else, connecting her experiences to another person. Lily began to embrace her imperfections, viewing honesty as strength. Each conversation grew her confidence, and she no longer feared judgment. Instead, she welcomed it as part of the creative process. Now, as a thriving artist in her community, Lily encourages others to share their voices. She holds workshops, guiding aspiring creators to find joy in their unique expressions. “Art is not about perfection; it’s about connection,” she tells them, echoing the curator’s words. Through her journey, she reminds everyone that our stories, no matter how imperfect, deserve to be shared with the world, as they make us human and truly alive. 24. What prevented Lily from sharing her artwork at first? A. Passion for painting in secret. B. Anxiety about others’ opinions. C. Disinterest in others’ judgment. D. Fear of failure in public display. 25. How did the comment of the curator influence Lily? A. It discouraged her from showing her artwork. B. It made her doubt her ability to create perfect art. C. It convinced her that only perfect pieces deserve to be shown. D. It inspired her to accept flaws and share her artwork. 26. After Lily displayed her artwork she felt more ______. A. depressed. B. hesitant. C. secure. D. annoyed. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Rome wasn’t built in a day. B. Don’t cry over spilled milk. C. The pen is mightier than the sword. D. Stay true to who you are. C The violence of shaking from an earthquake is usually focused in the direction the quake is traveling. But a boomerang quake may spread the intense shaking across a wider zone. The new study, published today in the journal Nature Geoscience, is a major step toward clearing up the complex physics behind boomerang quakes and understanding their potential damage. The latest boomerang was recorded near the mid-ocean ridge in the Atlantic in 2016. By examining the position of the epicenter (震中) and the energy released by each shaking phase, Stephen Hicks, an earthquake seismologist at the Imperial College London and first author of the new study, identified what seemed to be two steps of the quake:The quake initially headed eastward, but then turned back west. “This was weird, ”he says. This second leg of the quake moved remarkably quickly, at so-called supershear speeds. The quake unzipped the surface at an estimated 11, 000 miles per hour—fast enough to dart from New York to London in 18. 5 minutes, so fast that it caused the geologic version of a sonic boom. How often does this happen?A boomerang quake at supershear speeds, as Hicks and his team observed in the Atlantic, may be a fairly rare type. But wider evidence of boomerang quakes is mounting. These back-tracking events have been studied in computer models as well as simulated in lab experiments. “The theory says that it’s there, but it’s quite difficult to see that [in the real world], ”says Hicks. The 2016 earthquake in Kumamoto also seems to have ruptured (破裂) in a similar process. For that event, the initial shake triggered two other quakes, one of which raced backward to partially overlap the initial break. Understanding when and why these boomerang events happen is vital to grappling with risks earthquakes present. “Studies like this help us understand how past earthquakes ruptured, how future earthquakes may rupture, and how that relates to the potential impact for faults (断层) near populated areas, ”says Hicks. These boomerangs maybe obscured by conventional approaches used to analyze quakes, which are based on an assumption that a quake rushes in one direction. “Naturally we’re not looking for it, we don’t expect it to exist,” Hicks says. Yet for earthquakes, it seems, complexities might be the norm rather than the exception. As Hicks puts it: “The more and more we look at earthquakes in more detail, of course we see stranger things.” 28. A boomerang earthquake differs from other quakes because ________. A. it moves at a super-fast speed B. it triggers several small quakes C. it releases immeasurable energy D. it shakes in two opposite directions 29. From the passage, we can learn that _________. A. the coming of the next boomerang can be predicted B. boomerangs are too complex to be fully understood C. boomerang events are commonplace in the real world D. common methods are reliable in analyzing boomerangs 30. What does the underlined phrase “grappling with” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. putting off B. coping with C. bringing about D. fighting against D All over the world, formal education supplies the economy with workers who will increase productivity to fuel the economic machine. But this machine now threatens our very survival. If the entire world reaches the levels of consumption seen in high-income countries today, we’ll need multiple planet Earths to supply the resources. The absurd (荒谬的) idea of infinite growth within a finite territory is at the heart of our economic system. To keep this machine running, formal education generates ever more efficient “human capital”. Increasing productivity metrics (指标) rather than the individuality of students drives our civilization’s approach to schooling our young people. Whereas the Sustainable Development Goals call for turning education into a force for sustainability, the opposite is often true: The ways Western societies have come to think about education undermine our ability to deal with the environmental crisis. To get through this crisis, we need to cultivate our imagination, not undermine it. Growing up, none of my schooling fostered my ability to imagine a world different from what I saw around me. Besides, I realize the suppression (抑制) of children’s imagination doesn’t take place only in underresourced communities, but in “elite” institutions that tout “critical thinking”. Schools want to see their graduates succeed, and success is too often about maintaining current structures — not about reimagining their foundations. Essentially, our education systems shape children in the image of artificial intelligence. The perfect “worker”, AI, continually improves its own productivity but doesn’t challenge the larger structures within which it operates. It is one of the great paradoxes of our time that we invest so much into building supercomputers while marginalizing the imaginative potential of millions of human brains. What’s more, we even put our hope in solving the environmental crisis on AI. But AI, like our other technologies, can only treat the symptoms of the environmental crisis, not the causes Throughout history, achievers of great change have relied on their imaginations to address fundamental flaws in society. In my country of birth, communists kept their dreams of democracy alive for decades by imagining different futures. In South Africa, Nelson Mandela’s followers had to be radical (激进的) in their imagination to create a vision of a fairer society. Imagining democracy when living under a totalitarian regime (极权主义政权) isn’t that different from imagining degrowth when living in a world of infinite growth. The kind of intelligence that Nelson Mandela and such possessed was not artificial. The ability to reimagine the future and disrupt the current situation remains a distinctly human quality. Unlike AI, children are naturally imaginative and question the premises of society. In my research, I have observed that younger children are often the most radical in imagining different futures. As long as our imagination is curtailed, ideas like degrowth sound utopian (乌托邦的) to many, Cultivating imagination means learning from history’s disrupters who made the impossible possible. Instead of dismissing “childish” ideas about the world’s future, it means seeing inspiration in children’s imaginations. In an education system that celebrates imagination, arts and creativity are as important as math and science. Idealism coexists with pragmatism. The environmental crisis is not a crisis of technology or science, it is a crisis of imagination. If we let children be our guides, we might be able to imagine our way to survival. 31 The author hopes education can play its role in ________. A. developing human resources B. promoting sustainable development C. increasing productivity D. maximizing economic growth 32. From the passage, we can learn that _________. A. imagination isn’t well developed in schools B. AI helps exploit the potential of human brains C. graduates’ success changes the social structures D AI can address the root cause of economic crisis 33. Nelson Mandela is mentioned as _________. A. a success in building a fair society B. a leader who had a great influence C. a pioneer possessing the quality of AI D. an inspiration to solve social problems 34. According to the passage, the author may agree that _________. A. children’s imagination ensures human’s survival B. the environmental crisis results from technology C. imagination can help solve environmental crisis D. the “childish” ideas will ruin the world’s future 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Picture this: you’re baking cookies. As you lift the pan out of the oven, your bare arm accidentally touches it. Ouch! Why did you feel pain? And how is your brain involved in sensing pain? We may not like pain, but our bodies need it as a warning system. ____35____ There are special receptor cells in our skin and bodies that are sensitive to certain stimuli (刺激). These cells are called “nociceptors”. When a nociceptor gets exposed to a painful stimulus it sends a message into the brain. The brain processes that information, and then pain is felt. ____36____ Think about a time when you’ve stubbed your toe. There doesn’t seem to be a delay between hitting your toe and then feeling pain: it feels like it happens at the same time. ____37____ If we have an injury, pain alerts us to rest and let the injury heal. If we stand too close to a fire, pain tells us to move away. Not being able to feel pain can be dangerous. Some people can feel sensations like touch, but they cannot feel pain. Without feeling pain, they cannot listen to their bodies when they need to rest or heal. On the other hand, the brain sometimes processes pain where there isn’t any actual injury to the body. Here’s a famous story: a man stepped on a nail. It went through the bottom of his shoe, and he felt like he was in horrible pain. When the doctors removed his shoe, they found that the nail was between his toes! It hadn’t gone into his foot at all. ____38____ So his brain perceived pain to match the experience. Without pain, we might not know when we could need to rest. We might not know if we were in danger of hurting ourselves. ____39____ However, it is an important part of human life and survival! A Pain is not fun to feel. B. Pain is a response to a stimulus. C. Our brains use sensory information to interpret the pain that we feel. D. Even though pain is an unpleasant feeling, it is necessary for human survival. E. All of this signal sending and processing happens faster than we can perceive. F. It is an important function of our brain, telling our bodies when something is wrong. G. However, the visual information tricked his brain into thinking that there was cause for alarm. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 What We Really Know About ASMR If you spend time on YouTube or TikTok, you may have come across videos of someone whispering into a microphone, carefully slicing stacks of slime, or slowly ripping strips of paper. These videos are designed to trigger an autonomous sensory meridian (经络) response, or ASMR, a pleasant feeling that travels from the top of the head down the back of the neck to the upper spine. Watching videos that trigger ASMR is thought to lead to positive responses throughout the body including enhanced mood, relaxation, and even pain relief. But can you really achieve these benefits just by watching a short video?A systematic review published seeks to answer that question. German researchers combined the data from 54 studies to better help us understand ASMR and its effects. But first, where did this idea come from?There are references to feelings similar to ASMR in classic literature dating back to the early 1900s. The contemporary definitions of ASMR sprang from a discussion forum on a health-focused website in2007. A YouTuber named Jennifer Allen coined the term in 2010. Based on the previous studies, the researchers concluded that examples of triggers include whispering, tapping, and natural sounds, and it is important to note that specific triggers of ASMR and the intensity of the response vary widely by individuals. They also explored its benefits. Clear evidence shows that ASMR can reduce stress and anxiety. Data also shows that it can improve short-term memory. In specific cases, participants watching ASMR videos had lower heart rates and blood pressure, physical signals of relaxation. In addition, they found that ASMR triggers brain activity patterns associated with relaxation and stress relief. Despite the encouraging results, the authors noted that many of the ASMR studies had small sample sizes and a lack of diversity among participants; more research is needed to truly understand the impacts of ASMR. Luckily, it’s true that watching sensory videos of people brushing their hair, whispering, and making soft repetitive noises can lead to relaxation and stress relief. The best thing about ASMR is that there are minimal side effects. So if you’re feeling anxious or stressed, it might be worth watching a few minutes of ASMR videos to see if they help! 40. What is an autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR)? _____________________________________ 41. According to the studies, what benefits can ASMR bring us? _____________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. >Although triggers of ASMR are different, they may cause reactions of similar intensity among different people. _____________________________________ 43. Besides watching ASMR videos, what else do you do when feeling anxious or stressed? _____________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim写信邀请你寒假期间去伦敦游玩，你因故无法前往，请你回信表达歉意，内容包括： 1．谢绝的理由；2．提议暑假去拜访他。 注意：1．词数100左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数：3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市育才学校2025—2026学年度第一学期月考试卷 高三英语 2025.9 本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When Gertrude Grew Great Gertrude was just an average kid with an average life. At home, she helped out just enough to slide by. At school, she did just enough homework to stay out of ____1____. She had straight C’s in all of her classes. One day Gertrude’s teacher stopped her after class. “Gertrude,” he said, “I’ve seen the work you do in class, and some of it is ____2____.” Gertrude knew there were moments when she did try a little harder than what everyone ____3____, like when she took extra time with her homework to make it look fancy. But she didn’t really believe that she could change. She had done just enough to ____4____ for so long. In fact, she was scared by the thought of having the power to become whatever she wanted. That night, Gertrude had a dream. It was ten years into the future. She could not find an average job, because even the average jobs were ____5____ by above-average workers. Gertrude wanted her own place, her own life. A voice spoke in the dream: “The present is nothing more than the ____6____ of the choices made in the past. The future will only be the results of the choices we make today.” Gertrude began crying, because she knew she had helped ____7____ the world where she lived, and the choices she made had produced the options she had. The next day, she tried harder in school, and she felt ____8____ than usual. She helped more around the house, and she felt better than typical. Soon the pattern of success ____9____ that of being normal and Gertrude even became great at failing by learning from her mistakes. Ten years later, Gertrude lived in an average sized house and she was just the average adult. But her ____10____ was above average, because her life was hers. 1. A. trouble B. order C. sight D. debt 2. A. challenging B. amusing C. amazing D. encouraging 3. A. learned B. insisted C. expected D. complained 4. A. give in B. get by C. show up D. stand out 5. A. offered B. filled C. refused D. valued 6. A. chance B. risk C. reward D. outcome 7. A. shape B. lead C. better D. protect 8. A. sadder B. smarter C. calmer D. freer 9. A. followed B. covered C. produced D. replaced 10. A. happiness B. anxiety C. sadness D. loneliness 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，短文讲述平凡女孩Gertrude在老师点拨和梦境启示下，从“只求及格、敷衍度日”转变为主动努力，最终虽过着普通生活，却因掌控自己的人生而拥有超越常人幸福感的故事。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在学校，她只做足够的作业来避免惹麻烦。A. trouble麻烦；B. order秩序；C. sight视力，景象；D. debt债务。结合前文“did just enough homework”和后文“straight C’s”，可知她的学习态度是“敷衍达标”，核心目的是“不惹麻烦”，故选A项。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“Gertrude，”他说，“我看过你在课堂上的作业，有些真的很出色。”A. challenging有挑战性的；B. amusing有趣的；C. amazing出色的，令人惊讶的；D. encouraging鼓舞人心的。后文提到“took extra time with her homework to make it look fancy”，说明她有潜力做出“出色的”作业，老师的话是对她潜力的肯定，“amazing”符合“发现平凡学生身上闪光点”的语境，故选C项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gertrude知道，有些时候她确实比大家预期的更努力一点，比如她会花额外时间把作业做得精致。A. learned学习；B. insisted坚持；C. expected预期，期待；D. complained抱怨。结合她平时“straight C’s”“just enough homework”的表现，大家对她的“预期”是“敷衍完成任务”，而她偶尔的努力超出了这种“预期”，“expected”符合“对比他人对自己的常规看法与自身偶尔的努力”，故选C项。 【4题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：长期以来，她一直只做足够的事来勉强应付。A. give in屈服；B. get by勉强应付，过得去；C. show up出现；D. stand out突出。结合前文“did just enough homework”“straight C’s”“helped out just enough to slide by”均体现她“勉强应付生活、不求出色”的状态，“get by”精准概括这种“凑活过、不追求更好”的态度，故选B项。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她找不到一份普通的工作，因为就连普通的工作都被能力高于平均水平的人占满了。A. offered提供；B. filled占据，充满；C. refused拒绝；D. valued重视。结合上文“She could not find an average job”可知，“filled”符合“岗位被他人占据”的逻辑，故选B项。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：梦中有个声音说：“当下不过是过去所做选择的结果。未来只会是我们今天所做选择的产物。”A. chance机会；B. risk风险；C. reward奖励；D. outcome结果。结合后文“The future will only be the results of the choices we make today.”可知，“results”与“outcome”语义一致，故选D项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gertrude开始哭泣，因为她知道，自己参与塑造了当下生活的这个世界，而她做出的选择决定了自己拥有的机会。A. shape塑造；B. lead带领；C. better改善；D. protect保护。结合前文“The present is nothing more than the...of the choices made in the past.”可知，个人选择会“塑造”自己的生活状态，“shape”体现“通过选择对生活产生影响、构建生活”的含义，符合语境，故选A项。 【8题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她在学校更努力了，觉得自己比平时聪明了。A. sadder更难过的；B. smarter更聪明的；C. calmer更平静的；D. freer更自由的。结合后文“She helped more around the house, and she felt better than typical.”可知，事情在往好的方面发展，她在学校更加努力了，她觉得自己比平时“聪明了”。故选B项。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，成功的模式取代了平庸的模式，而且Gertrude甚至善于从错误中学习，把“失败”也变成了成长的机会。A. followed跟随；B. covered覆盖；C. produced产生；D. replaced取代。前文她是“平庸模式”（just enough, straight C’s），后来转为“努力模式”并获得成功，即“成功模式”替代了“平庸模式”，“replaced”体现“新旧状态的替换”，符合“从平庸到努力成功”的转变，故选D项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她的幸福感却高于平均水平，因为这是完全属于她自己的生活。A. happiness幸福感；B. anxiety焦虑；C. sadness悲伤；D. loneliness孤独。前文提到她“lived in an average sized house and she was just the average adult”，但转折词“but”说明她在精神层面有优势——因“生活由自己选择、掌控”而拥有更高的“幸福感”，“happiness”符合“自主选择带来的精神满足”，故选A项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给出提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Giant panda Fu Bao arrived in Chengdu, Sichuan Province on April 3rd, 2024 after living in South Korea for over 3 years. Large screens were lit up ____11____ (welcome) Fu Bao home. These large screen advertisements ____12____ (purchase) by dozens of fans. Fu Bao is the first giant panda born in South Korea and a successful case of overseas breeding. Since the 1990s, China ____13____ (conduct) giant panda conservation cooperation and research with institutions in other countries. Currently, there are a local of 49 giant pandas abroad. 【答案】11. to welcome 12. were purchased##had been purchased 13. has conducted##has been conducting 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁是新闻报道。文章讲述了大熊猫“福宝”从韩国返回中国四川成都的具体事件，包括日期、欢迎方式、熊猫的特殊身份，以及中国在大熊猫保护合作方面的概况。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了欢迎福宝回家，大型屏幕被点亮。本句谓语为were lit up ，此处为非谓语动词，本空用welcome“欢迎”的不定式to welcome，作目的状语。故填to welcome。 【12题详解】 考查时态、语态。句意：这些大型屏幕广告是由数十名粉丝购买的。本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，主语screens“屏幕”与动词purchase“购买”之间是被动关系，因此使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。也可以理解为：purchase发生在were lit up之前，句子时态用过去完成时，主语screens与动词purchase之间是被动关系，因此使用过去完成时的被动语态。故填were purchased/had been purchased。 【13题详解】 考查时态。句意：自20世纪90年代以来，中国一直在与其他国家的机构开展大熊猫保护合作与研究。由时间状语Since the 1990s可知，conduct“实施”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态用现在完成时，主语China为第三人称单数，助动词用has。句子时态也可用现在完成进行时，表示conduct“实施”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并且还将持续下去。故填has conducted或has been conducting。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给出提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Around 90% of road accidents are caused by human errors, and self-driving cars with AI aim to solve the problem. ____14____ they can do is to keep vehicle hardware healthy by driving strategically and safely. In this way, traffic violations and fines can be avoided, ____15____ can help save costs. Drivers also benefit from the ____16____ (integrate) of AI technology during long trips as they can rest while the car’s system takes care of driving. 【答案】14. What 15. which 16. integration 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了大约90%的交通事故是由人为失误造成的，而带有人工智能的自动驾驶汽车旨在解决这一问题，让司机可以在汽车系统负责驾驶的同时休息。 【14题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：他们所能做的不是通过战略驾驶和安全驾驶来保持车辆硬件的健康。该空引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，应用连接代词what，首字母大写。故填What。 【15题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这样，可以避免交通违规和罚款，这可以帮助节省成本。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词指代主句的内容，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：在长途旅行中，司机也受益于人工智能技术的整合，因为他们可以在汽车系统负责驾驶的同时休息。作介词from的宾语，应用名词integration，不可数。故填integration。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给出提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 As summer vacation approaches, study tours of primary and middle school students have become popular. ____17____ (absorb) in academic studies at school, students are left with little room for activities such as practical labor or hands-on experience. During the study tours, they come ____18____ groups to major attractions, museums and farms to learn while sightseeing. Educational trips offer students precious ____19____ (opportunity) to become more independent. By ____20____(engage) in independent living and problem solving with peers, students can learn to navigate real-life situations. 【答案】17. Absorbed 18. in 19. opportunities 20. engaging##being engaged 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍游学越来越受欢迎以及原因。 【17题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：在学校里，学生们全神贯注于学术研究，几乎没有什么活动空间，比如实际劳动或实践经验。短语be absorbed in，意为“全神贯注于”，本句已有谓语动词are left，这里用非谓语动词absorbed，句首单词首字母大写，故填Absorbed。 【18题详解】 考查介词。句意：在游学期间，他们成群结队地来到主要景点、博物馆和农场，一边观光一边学习。短语in groups，意为“成群结队地”，符合句意，故填in。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：教育旅行为学生提供了变得更加独立的宝贵机会。设空处为宾语，应用名词opportunity，泛指，应用复数形式，故填opportunities。 【20题详解】 考查动名词。句意：通过参与独立生活和与同龄人一起解决问题，学生可以学会驾驭现实生活。介词By后，应用动名词作宾语，故填engaging/being engaged。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Student Volunteer Internships 2023-2024 A limited number of unpaid internships (实习) are available in Washington, D.C. within the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Office of Water. You must be a full-time undergraduate or graduate student. A diversity of candidates within various fields of study are encouraged to apply, including degree candidates in the following subjects: Hydrology, aquatic biology, marine science, environmental engineering, geology, meteorology, soil science, etc. Public health, toxicology, sanitation, environmental justice, etc. Public administration, finance, management, communications, etc. Candidates should have a demonstrated interest or career goals in a water-health or public-health related field including sustainability and resilience. Demanded qualities include strong analytical, written and oral skills, the ability to work independently and on a team, and a strong desire to take initiative. The volunteer intern will work for a minimum of 12 weeks on a full-time (40 hours per week) or part-time (20 hours per week) schedule. Participants will not be paid, but are qualified to apply for a travelling expense. Participants do not become EPA employees during their stay. Applications will be accepted on a rolling basis; however, most projects will arise for internship opportunities during the Summer Semester. Please submit your application at least 2 months before each semester begins. We recognize that timeframes may vary due to class schedules and we will work with individual candidates to specify exact timing and duration as necessary. The general timeframes by semester are as follows: Summer Semester (late May through late August) Fall Semester (September through December) Spring Semester (January through April) To apply, email a resume, cover letter, and a short writing sample (maximum 5 pages) to: braschayko.kelley@epa.gov. 21. According to the passage, applicants are required to ______. A. be full-time graduate students. B. speak foreign language fluently. C. have the ability to work with teams. D. major in a public-health related field. 22. What will EPA provide for the volunteer interns? A. Financial support for transport. B. less than 12-week work schedules. C. A letter of recommendation. D. Employment opportunities. 23. What should candidates do to apply for the internship? A. Email your intern timeframes. B. Provide the degree certificate. C. Work in a team for 12 weeks. D. Offer a short writing sample. 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍2023-2024年美国环保局水办公室华盛顿特区无薪实习项目的申请要求、安排及方式。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Demanded qualities include strong analytical, written and oral skills, the ability to work independently and on a team, and a strong desire to take initiative.(所需素质包括较强分析、书面和口头表达能力，独立工作和团队合作能力，以及强烈的主动意识)”可知，申请者需具备团队合作能力。故选C项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Participants will not be paid, but are qualified to apply for a travelling expense.(参与者无报酬，但有资格申请差旅费)”可知，美国环保局会为实习志愿者提供交通方面的经济支持。故选A项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“To apply, email a resume, cover letter, and a short writing sample (maximum 5 pages) to: braschayko.kelley@epa.gov. (申请请将简历、求职信和简短写作样本（最多5页）通过电子邮件发送至braschayko.kelley@epa.gov)”可知，申请者需提交简短写作样本。故选D项。 B In a small town located between rolling hills, there lived a girl named Lily, passionate about painting. From a young age, she found comfort in the strokes of her brush, creating vibrant landscapes and amusing creatures. Yet, her fear of judgment kept her art hidden; she painted in secret, each piece a beautiful treasure waiting for the light of day. One rainy afternoon, while seeking shelter, Lily stepped into a local art exhibit at a gallery. The atmosphere was filled with excitement, and the walls displayed colorful pieces that told stories. Despite her anxiety, she felt urged to enter. As she wandered, she overheard the curator(馆长) discussing the power of being honest in art. “Art is not about perfection; it’s about connection,” he said, emphasizing that revealing who we are — flaws and all — is essential. His words struck a chord within her, sparking hope. That night, Lily considered her journey and decided to display her artwork at the upcoming local fair. As the date approached, she poured her heart into preparation, selecting pieces that represented her growth. On the day of the fair, as she set up her booth, excitement mixed with fear. Doubts whispered in her mind, but she knew she had to take this leap. As people wandered by, some paused to admire her work. A stranger was attracted by a sunset painting, and they struck up a conversation. For the first time, Lily felt warmth spreading through her as she shared the story behind the piece. Suddenly, she realized her art resonated with someone else, connecting her experiences to another person. Lily began to embrace her imperfections, viewing honesty as strength. Each conversation grew her confidence, and she no longer feared judgment. Instead, she welcomed it as part of the creative process. Now, as a thriving artist in her community, Lily encourages others to share their voices. She holds workshops, guiding aspiring creators to find joy in their unique expressions. “Art is not about perfection; it’s about connection,” she tells them, echoing the curator’s words. Through her journey, she reminds everyone that our stories, no matter how imperfect, deserve to be shared with the world, as they make us human and truly alive. 24. What prevented Lily from sharing her artwork at first? A. Passion for painting in secret. B. Anxiety about others’ opinions. C Disinterest in others’ judgment. D. Fear of failure in public display. 25. How did the comment of the curator influence Lily? A. It discouraged her from showing her artwork. B. It made her doubt her ability to create perfect art. C. It convinced her that only perfect pieces deserve to be shown. D. It inspired her to accept flaws and share her artwork. 26. After Lily displayed her artwork, she felt more ______. A. depressed. B. hesitant. C. secure. D. annoyed. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Rome wasn’t built in a day. B. Don’t cry over spilled milk. C. The pen is mightier than the sword. D. Stay true to who you are. 【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述热爱绘画的莉莉因怕评判隐藏作品，后受馆长启发展示作品并成长为艺术家，鼓励他人分享创作的故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Yet, her fear of judgment kept her art hidden; she painted in secret, each piece a beautiful treasure waiting for the light of day.(然而，对他人评判的恐惧让她把作品藏了起来；她偷偷地画画，每一幅作品都是等待重见天日的美丽珍宝。)”可知，最初阻止莉莉分享作品的是她对他人看法的焦虑。故选B项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的““Art is not about perfection; it’s about connection,” he said, emphasizing that revealing who we are — flaws and all — is essential. His words struck a chord within her, sparking hope.(‘艺术无关完美，而在于联系，’他说道，并强调展现真实的自己——包括所有缺点——至关重要。他的话引起了她的共鸣，点燃了她的希望。)”以及第三段中莉莉决定在当地集市展示作品可知，馆长的话启发莉莉接受自身作品的不足并分享作品。故选D项。 26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“For the first time, Lily felt warmth spreading through her as she shared the story behind the piece.(当莉莉分享作品背后的故事时，她第一次感受到温暖在全身蔓延。)”以及第五段中的“Each conversation grew her confidence, and she no longer feared judgment.(每一次交流都增强了她的信心，她不再害怕评判。)”可知，展示作品后，莉莉变得更有信心，内心更有安全感。故选C项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“Art is not about perfection; it’s about connection,” she tells them, echoing the curator’s words. Through her journey, she reminds everyone that our stories, no matter how imperfect, deserve to be shared with the world, as they make us human and truly alive.( “艺术不在于完美；这是关于联系的，”她告诉他们，呼应了馆长的话。通过她的旅程，她提醒每个人，我们的故事，无论多么不完美，都值得与世界分享，因为它们让我们成为人类，让我们真正活着。)”可推知，我们能从文章中学到做真实的自己这个道理。故选D项。 C The violence of shaking from an earthquake is usually focused in the direction the quake is traveling. But a boomerang quake may spread the intense shaking across a wider zone. The new study, published today in the journal Nature Geoscience, is a major step toward clearing up the complex physics behind boomerang quakes and understanding their potential damage. The latest boomerang was recorded near the mid-ocean ridge in the Atlantic in 2016. By examining the position of the epicenter (震中) and the energy released by each shaking phase, Stephen Hicks, an earthquake seismologist at the Imperial College London and first author of the new study, identified what seemed to be two steps of the quake:The quake initially headed eastward, but then turned back west. “This was weird, ”he says. This second leg of the quake moved remarkably quickly, at so-called supershear speeds. The quake unzipped the surface at an estimated 11, 000 miles per hour—fast enough to dart from New York to London in 18. 5 minutes, so fast that it caused the geologic version of a sonic boom. How often does this happen?A boomerang quake at supershear speeds, as Hicks and his team observed in the Atlantic, may be a fairly rare type. But wider evidence of boomerang quakes is mounting. These back-tracking events have been studied in computer models as well as simulated in lab experiments. “The theory says that it’s there, but it’s quite difficult to see that [in the real world], ”says Hicks. The 2016 earthquake in Kumamoto also seems to have ruptured (破裂) in a similar process. For that event, the initial shake triggered two other quakes, one of which raced backward to partially overlap the initial break. Understanding when and why these boomerang events happen is vital to grappling with risks earthquakes present. “Studies like this help us understand how past earthquakes ruptured, how future earthquakes may rupture, and how that relates to the potential impact for faults (断层) near populated areas, ”says Hicks. These boomerangs maybe obscured by conventional approaches used to analyze quakes, which are based on an assumption that a quake rushes in one direction. “Naturally we’re not looking for it, we don’t expect it to exist,” Hicks says. Yet for earthquakes, it seems, complexities might be the norm rather than the exception. As Hicks puts it: “The more and more we look at earthquakes in more detail, of course we see stranger things.” 28. A boomerang earthquake differs from other quakes because ________. A. it moves at a super-fast speed B. it triggers several small quakes C. it releases immeasurable energy D. it shakes in two opposite directions 29. From the passage, we can learn that _________. A. the coming of the next boomerang can be predicted B. boomerangs are too complex to be fully understood C. boomerang events are commonplace in the real world D. common methods are reliable in analyzing boomerangs 30. What does the underlined phrase “grappling with” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. putting off B. coping with C. bringing about D. fighting against 【答案】28. D 29. B 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“回旋镖地震”的研究进展和潜在危害。这种地震的特点是在传播过程中会改变方向，产生更广泛的强烈震动。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The violence of shaking from an earthquake is usually focused in the direction the quake is traveling. But a boomerang quake may spread the intense shaking across a wider zone. (地震产生的强烈震动通常集中在地震传播的方向上。但回旋镖地震可能会将强烈的震动扩散到更大的区域。)”同时根据第二段中“By examining the position of the epicenter(震中)and the energy released by each shaking phase, Stephen Hicks, an earthquake seismologist at the Imperial College London and first author of the new study, identified what seemed to be two steps of the quake:The quake initially headed eastward, but then turned back west. (伦敦帝国理工学院(Imperial College London)的地震学家、这项新研究的第一作者斯蒂芬·希克斯(Stephen Hicks)通过研究震中的位置和每个震动阶段释放的能量，确定了地震的两个步骤：地震最初向东移动，但随后又向西转回。)”可知，一个回旋镖地震可能将强烈的震动传播到更广泛的区域，最新的回旋镖地震先向东移动，但随后又向西转回，因此回旋镖地震的震动方向会改变，先朝一个方向，然后转向相反的方向。因此，回旋镖地震与其他地震的主要区别在于它在两个相反的方向上震动。故选D。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Yet for earthquakes, it seems, complexities might be the norm rather than the exception. As Hicks puts it: “The more and more we look at earthquakes in more detail, of course we see stranger things.”(然而，对于地震来说，复杂性似乎是常态，而不是例外。正如希克斯所说：“我们对地震的观察越细致，当然就会看到更奇怪的东西。”)”可知，这表明回旋镖地震非常复杂，难以完全理解。故选B。 【30题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Understanding when and why these boomerang events happen is vital to…(了解这些“回旋镖地震”事件发生的时间和原因对于……)”以及划线词后面的内容“... risks earthquakes present.(……存在地震风险。)”以及后文中“Studies like this help us understand how past earthquakes ruptured, how future earthquakes may rupture, and how that relates to the potential impact for faults (断层) near populated areas(这样的研究帮助我们了解过去的地震是如何破裂的，未来的地震可能会如何破裂，以及这与人口稠密地区附近断层的潜在影响有何关系)”可知，研究回旋镖地震帮助我们了解过去的地震是如何破裂的，未来的地震可能会如何破裂，以及这与人口稠密地区附近断层的潜在影响有何关系即研究回旋镖地震能够有助于我们处理或者解决目前地震存在的危险。故划线词与B选项“coping with(处理，解决)”为同义词。故选B。 D All over the world, formal education supplies the economy with workers who will increase productivity to fuel the economic machine. But this machine now threatens our very survival. If the entire world reaches the levels of consumption seen in high-income countries today, we’ll need multiple planet Earths to supply the resources. The absurd (荒谬的) idea of infinite growth within a finite territory is at the heart of our economic system. To keep this machine running, formal education generates ever more efficient “human capital”. Increasing productivity metrics (指标) rather than the individuality of students drives our civilization’s approach to schooling our young people. Whereas the Sustainable Development Goals call for turning education into a force for sustainability, the opposite is often true: The ways Western societies have come to think about education undermine our ability to deal with the environmental crisis. To get through this crisis, we need to cultivate our imagination, not undermine it. Growing up, none of my schooling fostered my ability to imagine a world different from what I saw around me. Besides, I realize the suppression (抑制) of children’s imagination doesn’t take place only in underresourced communities, but in “elite” institutions that tout “critical thinking”. Schools want to see their graduates succeed, and success is too often about maintaining current structures — not about reimagining their foundations. Essentially, our education systems shape children in the image of artificial intelligence. The perfect “worker”, AI, continually improves its own productivity but doesn’t challenge the larger structures within which it operates. It is one of the great paradoxes of our time that we invest so much into building supercomputers while marginalizing the imaginative potential of millions of human brains. What’s more, we even put our hope in solving the environmental crisis on AI. But AI, like our other technologies, can only treat the symptoms of the environmental crisis, not the causes Throughout history, achievers of great change have relied on their imaginations to address fundamental flaws in society. In my country of birth, communists kept their dreams of democracy alive for decades by imagining different futures. In South Africa, Nelson Mandela’s followers had to be radical (激进的) in their imagination to create a vision of a fairer society. Imagining democracy when living under a totalitarian regime (极权主义政权) isn’t that different from imagining degrowth when living in a world of infinite growth. The kind of intelligence that Nelson Mandela and such possessed was not artificial. The ability to reimagine the future and disrupt the current situation remains a distinctly human quality. Unlike AI, children are naturally imaginative and question the premises of society. In my research, I have observed that younger children are often the most radical in imagining different futures. As long as our imagination is curtailed, ideas like degrowth sound utopian (乌托邦的) to many, Cultivating imagination means learning from history’s disrupters who made the impossible possible. Instead of dismissing “childish” ideas about the world’s future, it means seeing inspiration in children’s imaginations. In an education system that celebrates imagination, arts and creativity are as important as math and science. Idealism coexists with pragmatism. The environmental crisis is not a crisis of technology or science, it is a crisis of imagination. If we let children be our guides, we might be able to imagine our way to survival. 31. The author hopes education can play its role in ________. A. developing human resources B. promoting sustainable development C. increasing productivity D. maximizing economic growth 32. From the passage, we can learn that _________. A. imagination isn’t well developed in schools B. AI helps exploit the potential of human brains C. graduates’ success changes the social structures D. AI can address the root cause of economic crisis 33. Nelson Mandela is mentioned as _________. A. a success in building a fair society B. a leader who had a great influence C. a pioneer possessing the quality of AI D. an inspiration to solve social problems 34. According to the passage, the author may agree that _________. A. children’s imagination ensures human’s survival B. the environmental crisis results from technology C. imagination can help solve environmental crisis D. the “childish” ideas will ruin the world’s future 【答案】31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕当前教育系统如何影响人类应对环境危机的能力展开讨论，提出了对现有教育模式的批判，并强调了培养想象力和创新能力的重要性。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Whereas the Sustainable Development Goals call for turning education into a force for sustainability, the opposite is often true: The ways Western societies have come to think about education undermine our ability to deal with the environmental crisis. To get through this crisis, we need to cultivate our imagination, not undermine it. (虽然可持续发展目标呼吁将教育转变为可持续发展的力量，但事实往往恰恰相反：西方社会对教育的思考方式削弱了我们应对环境危机的能力。为了度过这场危机，我们需要培养我们的想象力，而不是削弱它)”可推知，作者希望教育能在促进可持续发展方面发挥作用。故选B。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Growing up, none of my schooling fostered my ability to imagine a world different from what I saw around me. Besides, I realize the suppression (抑制) of children’s imagination doesn’t take place only in underresourced communities, but in “elite” institutions that tout “critical thinking”. Schools want to see their graduates succeed, and success is too often about maintaining current structures — not about reimagining their foundations. (从小到大，我所受的学校教育都没有培养我想象一个不同于我所看到的世界的能力。此外，我意识到对儿童想象力的压制不仅发生在资源匮乏的社区，也发生在鼓吹“批判性思维”的“精英”机构。学校希望看到他们的毕业生成功，而成功往往是维持现有的结构，而不是重新构想他们的基础)”可推知，学校教育中想象力并未得到充分发展。故选A。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“In South Africa, Nelson Mandela’s followers had to be radical (激进的) in their imagination to create a vision of a fairer society. Imagining democracy when living under a totalitarian regime (极权主义政权) isn’t that different from imagining degrowth when living in a world of infinite growth. (在南非，Nelson Mandela的追随者必须在他们的想象中变得激进，才能创造一个更公平的社会。生活在极权主义政权下想象民主与生活在无限增长的世界里想象去增长并没有什么不同)”可推知，提及Nelson Mandela是为了强调其作为历史变革者的角色，他拥有重新构想未来的独特人类特质，从而激励人们解决社会问题，作为一个解决社会问题的灵感来源。故选D。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Whereas the Sustainable Development Goals call for turning education into a force for sustainability, the opposite is often true: The ways Western societies have come to think about education undermine our ability to deal with the environmental crisis. To get through this crisis, we need to cultivate our imagination, not undermine it. (虽然可持续发展目标呼吁将教育转变为可持续发展的力量，但事实往往恰恰相反：西方社会对教育的思考方式削弱了我们应对环境危机的能力。为了度过这场危机，我们需要培养我们的想象力，而不是削弱它)”和最后一段中的“The environmental crisis is not a crisis of technology or science, it is a crisis of imagination. If we let children be our guides, we might be able to imagine our way to survival. (环境危机不是技术或科学的危机，而是想象力的危机。如果我们让孩子成为我们的向导，我们也许能够想象我们的生存之路)”可知，作者认为想象力是解决环境危机的关键，如果释放孩子们的想象力并从中得到启发，我们或许能够想象出通往生存的道路。由此推知，作者同意想象力有助于解决环境危机的观点。故选C。 第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Picture this: you’re baking cookies. As you lift the pan out of the oven, your bare arm accidentally touches it. Ouch! Why did you feel pain? And how is your brain involved in sensing pain? We may not like pain, but our bodies need it as a warning system. ____35____ There are special receptor cells in our skin and bodies that are sensitive to certain stimuli (刺激). These cells are called “nociceptors”. When a nociceptor gets exposed to a painful stimulus, it sends a message into the brain. The brain processes that information, and then pain is felt. ____36____ Think about a time when you’ve stubbed your toe. There doesn’t seem to be a delay between hitting your toe and then feeling pain: it feels like it happens at the same time. ____37____ If we have an injury, pain alerts us to rest and let the injury heal. If we stand too close to a fire, pain tells us to move away. Not being able to feel pain can be dangerous. Some people can feel sensations like touch, but they cannot feel pain. Without feeling pain, they cannot listen to their bodies when they need to rest or heal. On the other hand, the brain sometimes processes pain where there isn’t any actual injury to the body. Here’s a famous story: a man stepped on a nail. It went through the bottom of his shoe, and he felt like he was in horrible pain. When the doctors removed his shoe, they found that the nail was between his toes! It hadn’t gone into his foot at all. ____38____ So his brain perceived pain to match the experience. Without pain, we might not know when we could need to rest. We might not know if we were in danger of hurting ourselves. ____39____ However, it is an important part of human life and survival! A. Pain is not fun to feel. B. Pain is a response to a stimulus. C. Our brains use sensory information to interpret the pain that we feel. D. Even though pain is an unpleasant feeling, it is necessary for human survival. E. All of this signal sending and processing happens faster than we can perceive. F. It is an important function of our brain, telling our bodies when something is wrong. G. However, the visual information tricked his brain into thinking that there was cause for alarm. 【答案】35. F 36. E 37. D 38. G 39. A 【解析】 【导语】本文体裁为说明文。文章通过日常生活中的例子解释了疼痛的感觉机制、疼痛对人类生存的重要作用及其有时与实际伤害无关的现象，旨在向读者普及关于疼痛的生物学知识及其对身体健康的意义。 【35题详解】 由上文“Picture this: you’re baking cookies. As you lift the pan out of the oven, your bar e arm accidentally touches it. Ouch! Why did you feel pain? And how is your brain involved in sensing pain? We may not like pain, but our bodies need it as a warning system. (想象一下：你在烤饼干。当你把平底锅从烤箱里拿出来的时候，你的手臂不小心碰到了它。哎哟！你为什么感到疼痛？你的大脑是如何感知疼痛的？我们可能不喜欢疼痛，但我们的身体需要它作为一种警告系统。)”可知，接下来的句子会进一步阐述疼痛作为一种警告系统的功能。因此，选项F“It is an important function of our brain, telling our bodies when something is wrong (这是大脑的一项重要功能，它告诉我们的身体何时出了问题)”承接了上文的“警告系统”，符合题意。故选F。 【36题详解】 由上文“There are special receptor cells in our skin and bodies that are sensitive to certain stimuli (刺激). These cells are called “nociceptors”. When a nociceptor gets exposed to a painful stimulus, it sends a message into the brain. The brain processes that information, and then pain is felt. (我们的皮肤和身体中有一些特殊的受体细胞，它们对某些刺激很敏感。这些细胞被称为“伤害感受器”。当伤害感受器受到疼痛刺激时，它会向大脑发送信息。大脑处理这些信息，然后感觉疼痛。)”可知，上文描述了疼痛信号如何从皮肤的受体细胞发送到大脑并被感知的过程，紧接着应该继续讨论这一过程。因此，选项E“All of this signal sending and processing happens faster than we can perceive (所有这些信号发送和处理的速度都快于我们的感知速度)”解释了为什么疼痛感觉似乎是即时发生的，能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 【37题详解】 由下文“If we have an injury, pain alerts us to rest and let the injury heal. If we stand too close to a fire, pain tells us to move away. Not being able to feel pain can be dangerous. Some people can feel sensations like touch, but they cannot feel pain. Without feeling pain, they cannot listen to their bodies when they need to rest or heal. (如果我们受伤了，疼痛会提醒我们休息，让伤口愈合。如果我们站得离火太近，疼痛会告诉我们走开。感觉不到疼痛是很危险的。有些人能感觉到触摸之类的感觉，但他们感觉不到疼痛。如果感觉不到疼痛，当他们需要休息或治疗时，他们就无法倾听自己身体的声音。)”可知，本空之后的内容讲述的是疼痛的实际作用，比如提醒我们休息和避免进一步伤害。因此，这里需要一个过渡句来引出疼痛的正面意义。选项D“Even though pain is an unpleasant feeling, it is necessary for human survival (尽管疼痛是一种不愉快的感觉，但它对人类生存是必要的)”既承认了疼痛的负面特性，又引出了其必要性，能引起下文，符合题意。故选D。 【38题详解】 由上文“On the other hand, the brain sometimes processes pain where there isn’t any actual injury to the body. Here’s a famous story: a man stepped on a nail. It went through the bottom of his shoe, and he felt like he was in horrible pain. When the doctors removed his shoe, they found that the nail was between his toes! It hadn’t gone into his foot at all. (另一方面，大脑有时在对身体没有任何实际伤害的情况下处理疼痛。这里有一个著名的故事：一个人踩到了钉子。它穿过了他的鞋底，他感到非常痛苦。当医生脱掉他的鞋子时，他们发现钉子在他的脚趾之间！它根本没有进到他的脚里)”可知，这个故事的例子说明了即使没有实际受伤，大脑也可能感知到疼痛。因此，需要一个选项来解释这种现象。选项G“However, the visual information tricked his brain into thinking that there was cause for alarm (然而，视觉信息欺骗了他的大脑，使其认为有理由警觉)”很好地解释了为何在没有实际伤害的情况下，这个人仍然感到疼痛，因为大脑根据错误的信息做出了反应，能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 39题详解】 由上文“Without pain, we might not know when we could need to rest. We might not know if we were in danger of hurting ourselves. (没有疼痛，我们可能不知道什么时候需要休息。我们可能不知道我们是否有伤害自己的危险。)”和下文“However, it is an important part of human life and survival! (然而，它是人类生命和生存的重要组成部分！)”可知，本空需要一个总结性的句子，重申疼痛虽不愉快，但对于人类生存的重要性。选项A“Pain is not fun to feel (感受疼痛并不有趣)”自然而然地引向了全文的结论，即疼痛作为一种必要的预警机制对于生存的价值，能承接上文，并于下文构成转折，符合题意。故选A。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 What We Really Know About ASMR If you spend time on YouTube or TikTok, you may have come across videos of someone whispering into a microphone, carefully slicing stacks of slime, or slowly ripping strips of paper. These videos are designed to trigger an autonomous sensory meridian (经络) response, or ASMR, a pleasant feeling that travels from the top of the head down the back of the neck to the upper spine. Watching videos that trigger ASMR is thought to lead to positive responses throughout the body including enhanced mood, relaxation, and even pain relief. But can you really achieve these benefits just by watching a short video?A systematic review published seeks to answer that question. German researchers combined the data from 54 studies to better help us understand ASMR and its effects. But first, where did this idea come from?There are references to feelings similar to ASMR in classic literature dating back to the early 1900s. The contemporary definitions of ASMR sprang from a discussion forum on a health-focused website in2007. A YouTuber named Jennifer Allen coined the term in 2010. Based on the previous studies, the researchers concluded that examples of triggers include whispering, tapping, and natural sounds, and it is important to note that specific triggers of ASMR and the intensity of the response vary widely by individuals. They also explored its benefits. Clear evidence shows that ASMR can reduce stress and anxiety. Data also shows that it can improve short-term memory. In specific cases, participants watching ASMR videos had lower heart rates and blood pressure, physical signals of relaxation. In addition, they found that ASMR triggers brain activity patterns associated with relaxation and stress relief. Despite the encouraging results, the authors noted that many of the ASMR studies had small sample sizes and a lack of diversity among participants; more research is needed to truly understand the impacts of ASMR. Luckily, it’s true that watching sensory videos of people brushing their hair, whispering, and making soft repetitive noises can lead to relaxation and stress relief. The best thing about ASMR is that there are minimal side effects. So if you’re feeling anxious or stressed, it might be worth watching a few minutes of ASMR videos to see if they help! 40. What is an autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR)? _____________________________________ 41. According to the studies, what benefits can ASMR bring us? _____________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. >Although triggers of ASMR are different, they may cause reactions of similar intensity among different people. _____________________________________ 43. Besides watching ASMR videos, what else do you do when feeling anxious or stressed? _____________________________________ 【答案】40. (ASMR/It is) a pleasant feeling that travels from the top of the head down the back of the neck to the upper spine. 41 It/ASMR can reduce stress and anxiety and improve short-term memory. 42. Although triggers of ASMR are different, they may cause reactions of similar intensity among people. According to the passage, the intensity of the response varies widely by individuals. 43. Possible version 1: Time permitting, I can take a city walk in a strange place. Wandering aimlessly in a new place will refresh me and draw my attention away from what causes my stress. With a light heart, I can face my problem more readily. (41w) Possible version 2: I may talk my problem out with my parents or friends. Through an in-depth chat, I may clear my mind and work out some plausible ways to deal with the problem causing my anxiety. (34w) 【解析】 【导语】本文属于说明文。文章主要介绍了自主感官经络反应（ASMR）的概念、其常见触发因素、对身心健康的潜在益处，以及目前研究存在的局限性。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“These videos are designed to trigger an autonomous sensory meridian (经络) response, or ASMR, a pleasant feeling that travels from the top of the head down the back of the neck to the upper spine. (这些视频旨在触发自主感觉经络反应，即ASMR，一种愉快的感觉，从头顶向下到颈部后部，再到脊柱上部。)”可知，自主感官经络反应（ASMR）是一种令人愉快的感觉，从头顶向下延伸至颈部后方，直至上脊柱。故答案为：(ASMR/It is) a pleasant feeling that travels from the top of the head down the back of the neck to the upper spine. 【41题详解】 考查推理判断题。根据第四段中“Clear evidence shows that ASMR can reduce stress and anxiety. Data also shows that it can improve short-term memory. In specific cases, participants watching ASMR videos had lower heart rates and blood pressure, physical signals of relaxation. In addition, they found that ASMR triggers brain activity patterns associated with relaxation and stress relief. (明确的证据表明，ASMR可以减轻压力和焦虑。数据还显示，它可以改善短期记忆。在特定情况下，观看ASMR视频的参与者心率和血压较低，这是放松的身体信号。此外，他们还发现ASMR会触发与放松和减压相关的大脑活动模式。)”可知，ASMR可以减轻压力和焦虑，改善短期记忆。故答案为：It/ASMR can reduce stress and anxiety and improve short-term memory. 【42题详解】 考查推理判断题。根据第四段中“Based on the previous studies, the researchers concluded that examples of triggers include whispering, tapping, and natural sounds, and it is important to note that specific triggers of ASMR and the intensity of the response vary widely by individuals. (基于之前的研究，研究人员得出结论，触发因素包括耳语、敲击声和自然声音，值得注意的是，ASMR的具体触发因素和反应强度因人而异。)”可知，不同人对相同触发因素的反应强度可能不同，而非相似。因此，错误部分为：“they may cause reactions of similar intensity among different people (它们可能会在不同人中引起相似强度的反应)”，因为实际上反应强度是因人而异的。故答案为：Although triggers of ASMR are different, they may cause reactions of similar intensity among different people. According to the passage, the intensity of the response varies widely by individuals. 【43题详解】 开放性问题。如果时间允许，我可以到一个陌生的地方去城市散步。在一个新地方漫无目的地游荡会让我精神焕发，把我的注意力从导致我压力的原因上转移开。心情轻松，我可以更容易地面对我的问题。故答案为：Time permitting, I can take a city walk in a strange place. Wandering aimlessly in a new place will refresh me and draw my attention away from what causes my stress. With a light heart, I can face my problem more readily. 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim写信邀请你寒假期间去伦敦游玩，你因故无法前往，请你回信表达歉意，内容包括： 1．谢绝的理由；2．提议暑假去拜访他。 注意：1．词数100左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数：3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, Thanks a lot for your kind invitation to visit London during the winter vacation. I was really excited when I received your letter, as London has always been a city I've been eager to explore. However, I'm extremely sorry to say that I can't make it. The reason is that my grandparents, who live in the countryside, are coming to stay with us during the winter vacation. I haven't seen them for a long time, and my parents expect me to spend time with them. But I have a suggestion. How about visiting you in London this summer vacation? I believe we'll have a great time then. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。考生的英国朋友Jim写信邀请你寒假期间去伦敦游玩，你因故无法前往，请你回信表达歉意。 【详解】1.词汇积累： ①拜访：visit→pay a visit to ②渴望的：eager→desirous ③极其：extremely→terribly ④建议：suggestion→proposal 2.句式拓展： 同义句 原句：The reason is that my grandparents, who live in the countryside, are coming to stay with us during the winter vacation. 拓展句：The reason why I can't go is that my grandparents from the countryside will come to stay with us during the winter vacation. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】I was really excited when I received your letter, as London has always been a city I've been eager to explore.（运用 when 引导的时间状语从句和 as 引导的原因状语从句） 【高分句型 2】The reason is that my grandparents, who live in the countryside, are coming to stay with us during the winter vacation.（运用that引导的表语从句，以及who引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $