专题05 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，广东专用）八年级英语上学期

专题05 阅读理解 说明文 主题01 人与社会——科学技术与文化 Passage 1 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市越秀区执信中学·期中） How fit are your teeth? Are you lazy about brushing them? Never fear: An inventor is on the case. An electric toothbrush senses how long and how well you brush, and it lets you track your performance on your phone. The Kolibree toothbrush was exhibited at the International Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas this week. It senses how it is moved and can send the information to an Android phone or iPhone via a Bluetooth wireless connection. The toothbrush will be able to teach you to brush right (Don’t forget the insides of the teeth!) and make sure you’re brushing long enough. “It’s kind of like having a dentist actually watch your brushing on a day-to-day basis,” says Thomas Serval, the French inventor. The toothbrush will also be able to talk to other programs on your phone, so developers could, for example, create a game controlled by your toothbrush. You could score points for beating monsters among your teeth. “We try to make it smart but also fun,” Serval says. Serval says he was inspired by his experience as a father. He would come home from work and ask his kids if they had brushed their teeth. They said “yes”, but Serval would find their toothbrush heads dry. He decided he needed a brush that really told him how well his children brushed. The company says the Kolibree will go on sale this summer, from $99 to $199, depending on features. The U. S. is the first target market. Serval says that one day, it’ll be possible to replace (更换) the brush on the handle with a brushing unit that also has a camera. The camera can even examine holes in your teeth while you brush. 1．Which statement about the Kolibree toothbrush is TRUE? A．It can send information to your phone. B．It can clean teeth all by itself. C．It looks like a dentist. D．It can talk with us. 2．Why did Serval decide to invent the toothbrush? A．Because he could score points in games while brushing teeth. B．Because he wanted to make sure his children could brush teeth well. C．Because he wanted to replace the brush on the handle with a new one. D．Because he wanted to invent an electric toothbrush for the market. 3．What can we know from the passage? A．Only parents care about children’s teeth health. B．The Kolibree toothbrush has a fixed price. C．The toothbrush with a camera is already on the market. D．The inventor is confident about the future of his product. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Children do not brush teeth right. B．A new toothbrush is able to control games. C．People are paying more and more attention to teeth health. D．Serval’s invention wil be able to check the user’s teeth. Passage 2 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市海珠区广东实验中学·期中） Do you know you can multiply by drawing just a few lines? Line multiplication was invented long years ago. It might help you when you don’t have a calculator. ►Work out the place values (位值) of your numbers. For example, you are calculating 34×12. The first number has a 4 in the ones place (个位) and a 3 in the tens place (十位). Your second number has a 2 in the ones place and a 1 in the tens place. ►Draw parallel (平行的) lines to represent (代表) your first number. Draw three lines to represent the tens place. Draw four lines above them to represent the ones place. ►Draw parallel lines to represent the second number. Draw one line to represent the tens place. The line should cross over the lines from the first number. Then, draw two lines below it to represent the ones place. ►Draw dots at each point where the lines meet each other. ►Circle the dots representing the ones place and add them up. Here, you can count eight dots and get the ones place of your answer: 8. ►Circle the dots representing the tens place and add them up. You would count 10 dots here. Like any time you add or multiply, once a digit (数位) reaches 10, you need to carry (进位). In this example, you would put a 0 in the tens place and carry the 1 over to the hundreds place. ►Count the dots representing the hundreds place. You would count three dots here. Don’t forget the 1 you’ve carried over. Calculate 3+1, and the hundreds place of your answer is 4. ►Write down your answer. For 34×12, the answer is 408. 1．This article mainly teaches people ________. A．how to use line multiplication. B．how to work out the place values of numbers. C．how to multiply two numbers using a calculator. D．how to carry numbers over when adding or multiplying. 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE about the number 873? A．The number has a 3 in the tens place. B．The number has a 7 in the ones place. C．The number has a 3 in the hundreds place. D．The number has an 8 in the hundreds place. 3．Harry has drawn the picture on the right. He is probably calculating ________. A．43×51 B．43×15 C．34×15 D．34×51 Passage 3 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市第八十六中学·期中） Look it up Here are two articles from an encyclopedia. Diogenes Diogenes (412 BC-323 BC) was an intelligent man in ancient Europe. For him, the way to be happy was to own as few things as possible. He only had three things—his clothes, a lantern (灯笼) and a bowl to eat with, but he was very happy. One day, Diogenes saw a boy drinking water from his hands by a river, and then he threw away his bowl. Diogenes used to walk through the city with his lantern during the day. When people asked him why he carried the lantern, he would hold it up to their face, look at them and say, “I’m looking for an honest man.” (See a ) Whales Whales are the largest animals on Earth and they live in every ocean. The first fossil whales are found from rocks around 50 million years old. Some are 30 metres long and some are as heavy as 33 elephants. Whales are not fish. They live in the water, but they breathe air. Like humans, they are warm-blooded mammals (哺乳动物). Whales produce sounds that can be heard for miles underwater. They often use calls to sense (感知) the environment and to talk with each other. Nowadays, some kinds of whales are in danger, even after years of protection. People kill at least 300,000 whales and dolphins each year by fishing. (See b ) 1．According to the first article “Diogenes”, Diogenes ______. A．carried his lantern because it was dark B．gave his cup to the boy by the river C．encouraged people to live an easy life D．thought no one was honest in the world 2．What does the underlined word “they” in the second article refer to? A．whales B．fish C．mammals D．sounds 3．Which of the following words can be put into “ a ” and “ b ”? A．People; Science B．Art; Science C．Art; Earth history D．People; Earth history Passage 4 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市铁一中学·期中） Do you have a lucky number? What is it? Many people have a special number that they hope will bring them good luck. In Chinese culture, some numbers are believed to be lucky or unlucky based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. For example, the word for the number 8 sounds similar to the word for “making a fortune (发财)”. So, people consider it a very lucky number. Some people will even spend a lot of money to have 8s in their phone number or on their vehicle license plate (车牌照) number. The opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics began at 8:08 p.m. on Aug. 8, 2008. The number 9 is also a lucky number because of its connection to the emperors of China. There were nine dragons on emperors’ robes (龙袍) and Chinese myth held that the dragon had nine children. The number 9 also stands for “long lasting”. That’ s why a man always proposes (求婚) to a woman with 99 or 999 roses. So, what’s an unlucky number in China? One example is 4. Many Chinese people see 4 as an unlucky number because it sounds similar to the character for “death”. Because of this, many buildings skip (跳过) the fourth floor, and simply call it the fifth  floor. In Hong Kong, some buildings even skip all floors numbered with 4, such as 4, 14, 24, 34 and all 40-49 floors. Some buildings also skip the 13th floor, as this is considered an unlucky number in some areas in Hong Kong. As a result, a building whose highest floor is 50 may have only 35 physical floors. 1．What makes Chinese people believe a number is lucky or unlucky? A．The shape of the number. B．The sound of the number. C．The history of the number. D．The spelling of the number. 2．A building whose highest floor is 60 in Hong Kong might only have ________ physical floors if it skips all the unlucky numbers. A．35 B．60 C．45 D．44 3．According to the passage, the meaning of number 9 in Chinese culture is _________. A．fortunate B．ordinary C．everlasting D．simple 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Numbers and old stories in China. B．Lucky and unlucky numbers in Chinese culture. C．Ways to find your lucky and unlucky numbers. D．Different meanings of numbers in different countries. Passage 5 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市越秀区执信中学·期中） Encyclopedia Britannica used to be the king of encyclopedias. It hopes to become the most important encyclopedia again. An encyclopedia has information about many different things. It includes articles on topics like animals, science, and many people were willing to buy them. They thought Britannica was the best encyclopedia. Britannica began in Scotland nearly 250 years ago. It moved to Chicago in 1935. In 1990, the company sold more than 100, 000 sets of books. It was Britannica’s best year. Book sales dropped after that. People stopped getting information only from books. They began getting it online as well. A few years ago, the company stopped publishing the books. It put the whole encyclopedia on the Internet, However, Britannica online is not as popular as some other online encyclopedias. About half of Britannica’s articles are free while almost all of the articles on other online encyclopedias are free. In addition, other online encyclopedias have millions of articles while Britannica has only 106, 000. However, Britannica’s articles are more trustworthy. The experts make sure the articles are correct. Britannica covers most of the same general subjects as other online encyclopedias, but finding its articles can be more difficult. The Britannica page also has many ads. The ads help support the company. 1．When did people start to become less interested in Encyclopedia Britannica books? A．In 1935. B．In 1990. C．In 1991. D．In 2002. 2．Why is online Britannica less popular than other online encyclopedias? A．Other online encyclopedias are more trustworthy. B．The readers can read more free articles in other online encyclopedias. C．There aren’t any ads in other online encyclopedias. D．Other online encyclopedias cover most of the subjects of Britannica. 3．Why does the Britannica page have ads? A．To make money for the company. B．To make it more user-friendly. C．To make its website popular. D．To help other companies earn money. Passage 6 （24-25·八年级上·广东省华南师范大学附属中学·期中） Some fish weigh more than a fridge. Some look like cows. Now, getting to know these very special creatures is becoming easier. On a new website (www.eol.org), called the Encyclopedia of Life (EOL), you will find basic facts on about 30,000 species-or kinds-of fish. But as surprising as 30,000 fish sounds, it is just a baby step for the website. Its designers dream of making it the largest biological (生物学的) encyclopedia ever, with a web page for every living species. “Although there are already a lot of websites about living things, and a lot of encyclopedias too, they’re not the best tools for scientists”, say the encyclopedia’s designers. Scientists need websites with information that has been double-checked by other scientists. A dream site would include links to all the basic research and also automatically (自动地) update itself as new research is published. Finally, even people who aren’t scientists should be able to use such a site to get to know what’s living in their backyards-or anywhere else in the world. Think of it as one huge book that can keep growing in size-to millions of pages. If those pages were made of paper, the book would become large and heavy and hard to update. However, because it’s used online, anyone who has a computer can search its pages easily. Moreover, those new pages can be added quickly. 1．What is EOL? A．An organization studying special species. B．A large, heavy book which is a record of living things. C．A website where people can find information of all kinds of fish. D．A meeting where people discuss the research of the living things. 2．What’s the purpose of the EOL designers? A．To make the encyclopedia popular. B．To provide information of every living species. C．To give correct information to the scientists. D．To challenge the other websites and encyclopedias. 3．What can we know about today’s websites and encyclopedias? A．They provide wrong information. B．They are easy to get information. C．They are the best tools for scientists. D．They seldom update the information. 4．What’s the best title of this passage? A．A dream website. B．A “Book” of life. C．A surprising tool. D．An automatic encyclopedia. Passage 7 （24-25·八年级上·广东省华南师范大学附属中学·期中） How quickly can you count from one to ten? Do you use ten different words to do it? Can you do it in English, or do you have to use your first language? Do you count on your fingers? Many people think that numbers and math are the same all over the world. But scientists have discovered that it is not true. People in different parts of the world use different ways to count on their fingers. In the United States, people begin counting with their first finger. They then extend the rest of their fingers and finally the thumb to count to five. Then they repeat this with the other hand to get to ten. In China, people use fingers in a different finger positions to count. In this way, a Chinese person can easily count to ten on only one hand. Besides ways of finger counting, scientists have found that cultures and languages are also different when it comes to numbers. Some languages have only a few words for numbers, and others have no words for numbers. For example, the aboriginal (土著居民), people in Australia don’t have hand movements to stand for numbers. They don’t even have words for numbers. However, they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers, Professor Edward Gibson from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology said that most people believe that everyone knows how to count. “But here is a group that does not count. They could learn, but they found it is not useful in their culture. Therefore, they’ve never picked it up.” Although all humans are able to understand quantities, not all languages have numbers and not all people use counting. Number words in a certain language are a result of people needing numbers in their daily lives. Now we know that people have different ideas about numbers and math, too. 1．The four questions in paragraph 1 are used to ________ . A．tell a story B．make a survey C．interest readers D．solve math problems 2．The writer compares the finger counting of the US and China to prove that  ________. A．people from China need two hands to count from one to ten. B．people from China count much faster than people from the US C．people of different cultures use the same way of finger counting. D．people of different cultures use different ways of finger counting 3．What does the underlined “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Counting. B．Culture. C．Math. D．Finger 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．In some aboriginal cultures, people don’t even know how to count. B．Chinese people can count more easily on their fingers than Americans. C．People from different cultures have different ideas about numbers and math. D．Some languages don’t have number words because people don’t need numbers. 主题02 人与社会——人际交往与活动 Passage 8 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市海珠区广东实验中学·期中） Development in technology now ties us closer than before. We can call our friends from a thousand kilometers away. We can text. We can talk to each other at the push of a button on WeChat or other social media. There are, of course, advantages to these modern ways of communicating. However, do we ever think about what we are losing? As someone who likes writing and receiving letters, I often feel sad that so few people now give letter writing a fair chance. While you might call letter writing old-fashioned, I believe we should all write and send letters more often. To begin with, there’s lots of love in a handwritten letter. This is why texting or calling doesn’t feel as special as letter writing—it is more hurried. These days, we hope to finish everything as quickly as possible. To save time, we often use short sentences. Handwritten letters, however, deliver much more warmth because we take the time. Writing letters allows us to express to someone how much we care about him or her in a detailed way. So when we receive a letter, we feel we are loved, remembered and missed. Besides, writing a letter can make us feel happy, too. When we sit down and focus on what we are writing, we make ourselves take a break from the stress (压力) of our lives. Moreover, letters can be kept forever. We can always go back and read them again. By keeping a letter, we keep a part of that person and his relationship with us. Pick up your pen now! Write to your cousins about your school. Let your friends know how much you miss them. Let’s bring back the art of letter writing! 1．According to the passage, ________ is not the modern way of communicating in the passage. A．writing letters B．using social media C．making phone calls D．sending text messages 2．The underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refers to ________. A．time saving B．letter writing C．texting or calling D．using shortened phrases 3．The writer thinks writing letters makes us feel happy because it makes us feel ________. A．we are saving an old tradition B．we are keeping a part of ourselves C．we are loved, remembered and missed D．we are away from the stress of our lives 4．By writing this article, the writer wants to ________. A．stop people from using social media B．ask schools to teach students how to write letters C．share his experiences of sending and receiving letters D．encourage people to write and send letters more often Passage 9 （24-25·八年级上·广东省东莞市·期中） Spring is a good time to take a trip. Do you know how kids in different countries take their trips? Children in China When spring comes, children want to be outside, so some schools usually have spring trips for them. It can be a trip to a mountain. There, children can climb the mountain, fly kites, enjoy flowers and so on. Sometimes their teachers take them to martyrs’ park (烈士陵园) and students can put some flowers there to show their respect (敬重). Children in Japan In Japan, late March and early April are good seasons for enjoying cherry blossoms (樱花). And they are the best time of the year for children to take a trip. Children have their lunches, sing songs and dance under the trees. What’s more, they go boating and take baths (淋浴) in hot springs—the water which come from underground (地下) and is often above (超过) 20℃ naturally. Children in the UK These are many great places for them to choose from when it comes to the school trip. They usually visit a college, a museum or a park. One of the most special places to go is the bird center. Most people working at the center are scientists. So they can teach children about the habits of birds. The kids spend time in a beautiful place and also learn something about the natural world there without textbooks. 1．What do the children in China do when spring comes? A．They usually read the textbooks. B．They usually enjoy cherry blossoms. C．They sometimes visit some scientists. D．They sometimes go to the martyrs’ park. 2．What do the underlined word “hot spring” in paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．温泉 B．湖泊 C．热水 D．浴室 3．Children in the UK usually visit ________ in the school trip. A．a college, a museum or a garden B．a college, a mountain or a park C．a museum, a college or a park D．a museum, a college or a mountain 4．What can we know from the passage? A．No schools in China have a school trip. B．In the UK, most people working at the bird center are scientists. C．Students must bring flowers to go to the martyrs’ park D．In Japan, August is the best time for children to take a trip. 5．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Kids in Different Countries B．Different Summer Holidays C．Different Culture in the World D．Spring Trips in Different Countries 主题03 人与自然——天气与动植物 Passage 10 （24-25·八年级上·广东省江门市·期中） Do you know something about the holiday camps in Hong Kong? The students in Hong Kong often took part in an English holiday camp in their holidays. And their parents weren’t with them. Though they were very young. Now they still enjoy taking part in many kinds of holiday camps without their parents. Many parents let their children take part in some kinds of holiday camps in order to (为了) learn some practical knowledge in their life. And also learn some knowledge about living skills, science, reading and writing. The most important for the children is to learn to look after themselves. Holiday camps in Hong Kong are not so expensive because the government (政府) never charges for them. Most of families can afford to send their children there for further study, for making their bodies strong... It is said that students in Hong Kong have much knowledge about many things. Perhaps it has something with the kinds of holiday camps. 1．The students in the holiday camps can learn the knowledge about _______. A．writing B．reading C．science D．all of the above 2．The most important thing for the students in the holiday camps is _______. A．to make their bodies strong B．to learn much knowledge about many things C．to learn to look after themselves D．to have a further study about many subjects 3．The underlined word “charges” means ________ in Chinese. A．责备 B．收费 C．找零 D．登记 4．Which is TRUE according to the passage? A．The students take part in the holiday camps with their parents. B．The students take part in the holiday camps to improve their listening skills. C．The students can learn some knowledge about living skills in the holiday camps. D．The price of taking part in the holiday camps is very high. 5．The best title for the passage is _______. A．The holiday B．The life of the holiday C．The holiday camps D．The students in Hong Kong Passage 11 （24-25·八年级上·广东省东莞市·期中） A bit of sunshine is good for us and makes us happy. However, people who lie in the sun for a long time may put themselves in danger. Here are some tips to stay safe in the sun: Protect （保护）yourself The dangers Wear a hat Your head and face can get sunburned (晒伤) easily. Always wear a hat to protect them when you’re outside. Cover upWear a long-sleeve (长袖的) shirt to keep cool and protect your skin (皮肤) from getting burned. A tan (晒黑) means your skin (皮肤) is hurt by the sun. This can cause: ·skin cancer (癌) ·looking older too soon ·spotty (斑点多的) skin ·sunburn sunstroke (中暑) We can treat skin cancer if we find it early. If you see anything strange (奇怪的) on your skin or if a mole (痣) changes shape, size or color, tell your parents and see the doctor right away. So enjoy the sun in the right way. Find shade The sun is the strongest between 11 and 2 pm. Try to stay in the shade (阴凉) during these hours. Use sunscreen cream (防晒霜) Put on sunscreen cream with SPE15 or higher on any skin that isn’t covered. Use a lot of it before going outside and put more on often, especially after swimming. 1．According to the poster (海报), too much sun is ________. A．dangerous B．healthy C．dirty D．clean 2．To protect your face from the sun, you can ________. A．put on common cream B．go swimming C．wear a hat D．stay outside 3．What is wrong when you use sunscreen cream? A．Use SPE15 or lower on any skin that is not covered. B．Use a lot of it before going outside. C．Put more on often. D．Use it after swimming 4．When do you need to see a doctor? A．You enjoyed the sun near a window B．You didn’t use sunscreen. C．Your skin has strange changes. D．You stay in the shade. 5．Who might the poster be for? A．Doctors. B．Children. C．Parents. D．Teachers. Passage 12 （24-25·八年级上·广东省江门市怡福中学·期中） A dog can’t speak words, but it can “talk”. It has feelings just as you do. At times it may feel angry or afraid. Watching a dog closely, you can find out what it feels. You can see what it is trying to tell you. When a person is afraid, he or she may look shy. A dog will look away from you when it is afraid of you. It may run away, too. When a man is angry with some people, he looks at them and shut his mouth. An angry dog also stares with its eyes. Sometimes the hair along its back stands up. Do you feel shy when you have done something you shouldn’t do? Dogs can feel shy, too. At times when I come home, my dog gives me a shy look. Then I know he’s done something wrong. Dogs need love and attention. Some dogs are very unhappy when they are left alone for a long time. Some dogs even bite people if they don’t get enough attention. You may have a dog or you may know a dog. Take good care of it if you want to have fun with it. Play with it. Take it for a walk. Try not to beat it if it does something wrong for the first time. Always remember, a dog has needs and feelings just as you do. Talk to a dog, and it’ll talk to you, too. 1．The writer thinks the dogs ______. A．can walk with two legs B．have feelings C．need more food D．are very kind 2．If a dog runs away, it may ______. A．feel lonely B．feel happy C．be afraid D．be angry 3．You can tell that a dog has done something bad when ______. A．its hair stands up B．it runs away from you C．it has a shy look D．its mouth is shut 4．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “stare”? A．踢脚 B．瞪视 C．闭嘴 D．咬人 5．Which of the following sentences are NOT right except ______. A．the dogs often stare when they are hungry B．all the dogs need food and water, but not love and attention C．the dogs don’t like staying at home alone D．we don’t need to talk with the dog Passage 13 （24-25·八年级上·广东省佛山市南海区狮山镇初中·期中） Scientists say climate (气候) change has something to do with American birds. A study found that 52 of the most common kinds of birds in the USA have become smaller in size in the past 38 years. This change in size follows a rule called Bergmann’s Rule. The rule says that animals in colder areas are usually larger than those in warmer areas. That’s because larger animals are able to keep warmer. As the climate changes, especially facing rising temperatures, ________. Some of them become smaller in size. Scientists studied over 70,000 kinds of birds. They found that some birds in North America were becoming smaller in size. Studies on fish also show the identical thing. Fish become smaller in size too. What does this mean? First, climate change is happening faster than ever before, so animals may not be able to change fast enough. Besides, when an animal becomes smaller, other things will change. When an animal’s body becomes smaller, it may not be able to produce as many little baby animals as before— this may change the number of the population. This shows the bigger problem with climate change— people are not able to know ahead (预先) what will happen when the earth’s temperature keeps rising, and that is the real danger. 1．How many kinds of American birds became smaller in size in the past 38 years? A．38. B．52. C．700. D．70,000. 2．Which of the following can be put in“________ ” in Paragraph 3? A．animals now have to make changes B．animals won’t feel cold C．animals don’t need to move in winter D．animals are in danger 3．What does the underlined word “identical” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Famous. B．New. C．Same. D．Wonderful. 4．What will happen if the body of an animal gets smaller? A．It will move to cold areas. B．It will have a smaller population. C．It will be difficult for it to live. D．It will become smaller and smaller. 5．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Different Kinds of American Birds B．Protect Birds in the World C．Birds Study in the USA D．Danger of Climate Change Passage 14 （24-25·八年级上·广东省深圳市宝安区七校联考·期中） Have you heard of a cloud forest? Is it the same as a rainforest? Actually, it’s a very special kind of forest in cloudy mountains. There, clouds brush through trees and wet their leaves. Rain falls almost every day. Hundreds of mosses (苔藓) grow and cover everything like a soft, green coat. Plants of cloud forests live in an unusual way. They grow on the branches of trees instead of on the ground. The air is very damp, so plants can get all the water they need from the fog and rain. They live on the high parts of trees so that they can get more light to be stronger. There are many kinds of special animals in cloud forests. For example, tree kangaroos live in trees like monkeys. They use their long tails to balance just as monkeys do. Frogs have suckers (吸盘) on their toes so they can climb up trees and cross leaves easily. Many other special animals are waiting for us to discover, aren’t they? Cloud forests are important to people. They give us healthy food crops, such as wild beans, peppers, tomatoes, potatoes and strawberries. Furthermore, they offer new medicine to treat cancer. Unluckily, the beautiful forests are in danger now. Why? Firstly, the climate is getting warmer, but plants and animals in cloud forests like to live where it’s cool. It’s difficult for them to find a proper place to live in. Secondly, people cut down many trees to plant crops or feed cows. The animals are losing their homes. Once cloud forests are gone, there must be a huge loss to humans. Save the cloud forests before it’s too late! 1．What kind of weather can be expected in a cloud forest? A．It rains almost every day. B．It is always sunny. C．It is very windy. D．It is very cold. 2．What does the underlined word “damp” mean in paragraph 2? A．Dry. B．Sunny. C．Wet. D．Snowy. 3．According to the passage, many things live in cloud forests, including ________. ①mosses ②blueberries ③frogs with suckers ④monkeys ⑤tree kangaroos A．①②③ B．①③⑤ C．②④⑤ D．③④⑤ 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．We can use healthy food crops to make medicine for headache. B．Hundreds of mosses grow because it’s always sunny in cloud forests. C．The animals are losing their homes because people cut down many trees. D．Plants need more water to be strong so they grow on the high parts of trees. 5．What’s the main purpose of this passage? A．To save the cloud forests. B．To introduce plants in cloud forests. C．To describe the cloud forests. D．To discover animals in cloud forests. 主题01 人与社会——校园设施 Passage 1 （24-25·八年级上·广东省惠州市惠州一中教育集团·期中） How do you get to school? By bus or by bike? Every morning on school days, a large number of students take the school bus to school. It is nothing new to see those big yellow buses driving around. However, school buses were unusual in the past. In 1886, the first school transportation came out. It was a kind of carriage (马车) and did not look like a bus at all. However, between 1900 and 1930, the carriages started to look like a bus. Finally, in 1930, people used metal (金属) to make a bus. And now people are making it safer and more comfortable. Today, the school bus wears a special colour—yellow. Many people ask why it’s yellow. The answer is to make people notice the bus. People can easily see this colour on the road, especially on rainy days. By making the school buses the yellow colour, people can notice these buses on the road more easily to make students much safer. In order to protect students, many schools also use GPS tracking systems (GPS定位追踪系统) to check the location of buses. So the schools can know where the students are. For many students, taking the school bus is their first choice of transportation. So it is safe to say that school buses are a popular and important way to get to school. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By asking questions. D．By comparing numbers. 2．When did the first school transportation come out? A．In 1886. B．In 1900. C．In 1903. D．In 1930. 3．Why do the school buses wear the colour yellow? A．To make the buses beautiful. B．To make students much safer. C．To make people love the buses. D．To make the school well-known. 4．What does the underlined word “location” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Place. B．Driver. C．Colour. D．Number. 5．Which is the best title of the passage? A．How is the school bus? B．How does school bus develop? C．How do students go to school? D．How do students take the school bus? Passage 2 （24-25·八年级上·广东省深圳市宝安区七校联考·期中） When the midday nap bell rings, Geng Xian from a foreign language school in Shenzhen pulls out the footrest (搁脚板), reclines (靠) on her chair and lies back for a nap with her classmates. Since May 6th, the school has introduced reclining chairs for students to nap during the lunch breaks. The chairs have been used across four grades, with over 100 sets provided for Grade 9. “Before this, I could only rest at my desk for a nap, often leading to my hands and neck uncomfortable. Sometimes I even found myself pressing my eyes against my arms, causing pains,” the 15-year-old Geng complained. “Now, lying down for sleep is very comfortable, just like being at home.” For Wang Tingnuo, lying down to nap has made her want to rest. “I used to nap for about 20 minutes at most before we got up. Now I choose to sleep 10 to 20 minutes earlier with the reclining chair,” she said. She added that the longer sleep time also helps her do better in her afternoon studies. According to Xu Weimin, a sleep expert in Shanghai, lying down for a nap brings physical and mental benefits. “It can relax the muscles and improve blood flow to the brain,” Xu told Xinhua News. However, there has also been some worry about the reclining chairs. “Some students might lean back even during class, so it needs effective (有效的) management,” Chu Peilu, an English teacher said. “But in all, I think it brings more good than bad.” 1．What is TRUE about the reclining chairs in the school? A．Every student has one in their classroom. B．Students can lie on them for a nap in school. C．They are like the common chairs in the classroom. D．They are popular among the schools in Shenzhen now. 2．What does Geng think of lying down on the reclining chair? A．It causes her neck pain. B．It makes her eyes painful. C．It brings her trouble in sleeping. D．It makes her feel like being at home. 3．How long does Wang Tingnuo sleep at noon now? A．About 10 minutes. B．10 to 20 minutes. C．About 20 minutes. D．30 to 40 minutes. 4．What are the benefits of lying down for a nap according to the expert? A．It does good to our body and brain. B．It improves students’ grades greatly. C．It helps students do well in PE class. D．It decreases the blood pressure in our body. 5．What is Chu Peilu’s opinion about sleeping on the reclining chair? A．It brings no good at all. B．It makes students sleepy during class. C．It will be better if with good management. D．It makes some parents worry about children’s nap. 主题02 人与社会——问题与建议 Passage 3 （24-25·八年级上·广东省佛山市顺德区·期中） Every day in newspapers and magazines there are articles telling us we should exercise more. And scientists now say that running is one of the best ways to keep fit. It can make you feel better and look better. Some say it can even make you live longer. All you need for running are some comfortable clothes and a pair of sports shoes. You don’t need to buy special clothes but you should get a good pair of sports shoes. And remember—you should always buy shoes for running one size larger than your usual shoes.      Some people find running boring, so go cycling or swimming instead (代替) sometimes. Also, ▲ . It’s very important to rest two or three times a week. You should eat well and drink lots of water but you can still have nice things like chocolate sometimes. Do some leg exercises every week as well, because this makes you stronger and helps you run better. If you’re a beginner, there are lots of ways to make exercise fun. You can join a club or you can exercise with a friend. Another idea is to run in a race. This can give you a justification to train and keep you interested in running. Do it from now on! 1．Why do the scientists say running is one of the best ways to keep fit? A．Make you feel better and look better. B．Make you look better and live longer. C．Make you feel better and live longer D．Make you feel better, look better and live longer. 2．What size of running shoes will you buy if your usual shoes’ size is 26? A．Size 25. B．Size 26. C．Size 27. D．Size 28. 3．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3?” A．you will find it so interesting B．you shouldn’t exercise every day C．you can go cycling with your friends D．they can also help you keep fit 4．What does the underlined word “justification” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Excuse. B．Choice. C．Reason. D．Chance. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．What should we prepare for running. B．How to make you run better. C．Running is so important. D．Some facts and advice about running. Passage 4 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市第八十六中学·期中） The smartphone and the computer are two important inventions in our daily life. They help us in many ways, but they may also lead to health problems. First, looking at the screen of your smartphone or computer for too long can make your eyes dry. It is not good for your eyesight. To help your eyes keep healthy, you can follow the “20-20-20” rule—after 20 minutes’ use of eyes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds. Next, other parts of our body could also become worse because of using smartphones. When we write a lot of text messages (信息), we can develop “texting thumbs (拇指)”. It will stop us from holding things well. So we have to exercise our thumbs and fingers from time to time. In addition, smartphones could hurt our brain. One of the biggest problems is that using smartphones can have bad effects on our sleep. Doctors say the screen light keeps us from feeling sleepy. So they advise people not to use smartphones for at least one hour before sleeping. Finally, another serious danger is Internet addiction (瘾). Many people go on the Internet to keep themselves off feeling nervous, sad or lonely. Over time, they may start to be addicted to the Internet and feel worried if they’re not online. One way to work out this problem is to control the time they spend on the Internet. All in all, make sure you follow the above advice to use your smartphone or your computer safely. Also, remember to enjoy your life more than just looking at the screens. 1．What does the first “20” in the “20-20-20” rule in Paragraph 2 mean? A．How long you use your eyes. B．How often you take a break. C．How far you look at things from you. D．How many things you need to do at the break. 2．How many health problems are mentioned in the passage? A．Six. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．To keep off Internet addiction, what does the writer advise us to do? A．Stay away from bad feelings. B．Control the time of using the Internet. C．Use the Internet in a safe place. D．Stop using the Internet. 4．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 5 （24-25·八年级上·广东省珠海市九洲中学教育集团·期中） Everyone has worries (担心). However, too many worries can make you unhealthy. So how do you get out of your worries? Sitting there worrying is meaningless and it can’t solve (解决) your problems, either. Grades at school are often a top worry for kids. If you worry most about grades, try to ask yourself these questions. ●Why are grades important? What do grades mean (意味) to me? ●How do I get ready for class? Do I go over (复习) my notes when there isn’t a text? ●Do I have a good learning environment (环境)? ●Do I try different ways of studying? If your worries are about a fight with your friend, you might write down what you could do. Write a letter to him or her, invite him or her to watch a basketball game, apologize to him or her and so on. Once you have a list of things to do, you could choose one of them and try to get your friends back. And when you are worried, don’t be afraid to speak it out. It is not a bad idea to ask someone else for help. You can find someone to talk to, such as your parents, friends, teachers and so on. They can give you some advice on how to solve the problems or cool you down. What’s more, try to learn the ways to relax. Going for a run, listening to some quiet music are also good ways to help you relax. When you are relaxed, you can think clearly about the ways to solve your problems. 1．What may happen if we worry too much? A．We may be afraid of making friends. B．We may lose our friends. C．We may do badly in our schoolwork. D．We may have health problems. 2．What does the underlined word “apologize” in the passage mean? A．Say hello. B．Say thanks. C．Say sorry. D．Say goodbye. 3．What CAN’T we learn from the passage? A．Having worries is common for people. B．Sitting there worrying can’t help solve problems. C．Sharing your problems with others can be helpful. D．The writer talks about three ways to help us get relaxed. 4．Why should we learn to relax? A．Because it makes us study better. B．Because it helps us get a clear mind. C．Because being relaxed is necessary when we make friends. D．Because we should relax to enjoy our life. 5．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．the reasons why we become worried B．the results of being worried C．ways to solve the worries D．different worries between children and grown-ups Passage 6 （24-25·八年级上·广东省佛山市里水中学·期中） School backpacks have been a hot topic in China recently. Some Chinese parents buy hard cover school back-packs from Japan, although they can be as expensive as 5, 000 yuan, reports Chinese newspaper Urban Express. These backpacks are popular because the hard cover helps hold books in place. This can help kids keep their balance and protect their spines（脊柱）. But in fact, the bags can hardly fit in the students’ desks. A good backpack is important for children’s health. “It can relieve（减轻pressure from the shoulders,” says Dr. Rob Danoff from the US. He also says students need a backpack that’s made for the child’s size. Cushioned（加垫的）backs and shoulder straps（带子）will help them keep the pain away. However, the biggest problem for school backpacks is that they are too heavy, noted Hou Weiguang, a doctor in Chengdu. In China, students have many textbooks and exercise books. “The weight makes many kids suffer from side-bending（侧弯的）spines,” Hou said. He suggests that backpack should be no more than 15 percent of a child’s body weight to avoid pain or injury. That means if a student weighs 50 kg, the backpack should be less than 7.5 kg. Parents need to make sure their kids only carry what they need. Schools and governments need to help too, added Zheng Yongshun, an education official from Hong Kong. He said schools should offer locker（储物柜）space and shared books so kids can carry fewer books. 1．Hard cover school backpacks are popular because ________. A．they are made in Japan B．they are quite expensive C．they help protect kids’ spines D．they can perfectly fit into desks 2．In Paragraph 2, the underlined word “it” refers to ________. A．a backpack B．children’s health C．a good backpack D．a healthy body 3．According to Paragraph 2, good backpacks should ________. A．have cushioned backs B．put pressure on shoulders C．be smaller than children D．have shorter shoulder straps 4．According to Hou, the weight of a backpack should be ________. A．less than 15 percent of a child’s body weight B．no more than 50 percent of a child’s body weight C．no more than 50 kg D．less than 7.5 kg 5．The purpose of last paragraph is to offer tips on ________. A．how to choose good backpacks B．how to reduce the weight of backpacks C．how to encourage students to share books D．how to design lockers for students 主题03 人与社会——人类文明与记录 Passage 7 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市第八十六中学·期中） Eleven and TwelveThe number “eleven” comes from the German word “ainlif”, which means “one left” in English. Twelve follows the same rule. It comes from “twalif” — “two left”. Why did people use “teen” instead of “lif” from 13 to 19? We still don’t know. 42.195 Kilometres in a Marathon (马拉松)The story began with an ancient Greek soldier, Pheidippides. Once his country won a big war (战争) and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens (雅典). He ran so fast that he died after telling people the news. To remember Pheidippides, the first modern marathon in the first Olympic Games started in 1896. It was about 40 km from Marathon to Athens. But people for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something different. They made it 42.195 km. And since 1924, the number 42.195 has been kept in marathon. 28 Days in FebruaryBefore the calendar (历法) we use today, one of the first Roman calendars had only 304 days and ten months (March through December), with six months of 30 days and four of 31 days. The second king of Rome changed the old calendar. He added 50 days for January and February. To make the new months longer, he took one day from each of the 30-day months, and then made 56 days to divide between January and February (28 days each). Later January was given one more day to add up to 355 days a year, but February still had 28 days. That’s how it became the shortest month. 1．Which language do eleven and twelve come from? A．English. B．German. C．French. D．Russian. 2．The marathon became longer at London Olympic Games because ______. A．the British was bad at Maths B．the British didn’t like the Greek story C．the British wanted to run longer D．the British wanted to make it different 3．What can we know from the passage? A．People have found out why 13—19 didn’t follow the rule of twelve. B．There used to be 340 days a year in the first Roman calendars. C．Pheidippides ran from Marathon to Athens to carry the good news. D．February has become the longest month in a year. 4．What is the purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To show the use of some numbers. B．To tell the stories of some numbers. C．To give advice on how to count numbers. D．To introduce where the numbers come from. Passage 8 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市第一中学·期中） The Mayan number system appeared in the fourth century, which was about 1,000 years earlier than the time when the European number system was created. It is different from the Arabic number system with a base 10. The Mayan system had a base 20. This system is believed to have been used because the Mayans lived in such a warm area and there was hardly a need to wear shoes. 20 was the total number of fingers and toes, so the system was workable. Therefore, there were two important numbers in this system. Besides 20, the other important number is 5, which had a connection with the number of fingers and toes on one hand or foot. The Mayan system used two symbols (符号). A dot (.) was used to mean the units (one to four) and a dash (—) meant five. The Mayans were also the first to create symbols of nothing (or zero). The most common symbol was that of a shell () but there were several other symbols (e.g. a head) . It is interesting to learn that with all of the great experts on Maths and scientists in ancient Greece and Rome, it was the Mayan Indians who came up with this symbol zero or nothing. The following picture is a form of different numbers and how they would have been written. From further study, people found that the 360 day calendar (日历) also came from the Mayan. They actually used base 18 when they made the calendar. Each month included 20 days with 18 months in a year. This left five days at the end of the year which was month in itself, full of danger and bad luck. In this way, the Mayans had invented the 365 day calendar. 1．What does the underlined “It” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．The European number system. B．The Mayan number system. C．The Arabic number system. D．The Mayan symbol system. 2．Why could the Mayan system be used at that time? A．People lived in such a warm area that they didn’t need to count numbers. B．People believed that they hardly used their fingers or toes to count numbers. C．People thought the number of fingers and toes was enough to count numbers. D．People found that they could use the days in a year of a calendar to count numbers. 3．Which of the following symbols means sixteen? A． B． C． D． 4．What can we learn from the article? A．The Mayan number system had a base 10. B．All number systems had the same symbols. C．There were only 360 days in the Mayan calendar. D．The symbol of zero first appeared in the Mayan number system. 5．Where can you probably find the article? A．A diary. B．An encyclopedia. C．A travel guide. D．A geography magazine. Passage 9 （24-25·八年级上·广东省韶关市翁源县·期中） Did you read the book Guinness World Records (《吉尼斯世界纪录》) before? From the world’s heaviest person and the oldest woman to the world’s smallest dog, there are all parts of the strangest (最奇怪的) people and things. And they are all in the Guinness World Records. It’s always one of the best-selling books in the world. People now can break over 1,000 records every week. Why do so many people want to break the records? “It gives people a chance to show they’re the best in the world,” said one of the record keepers Stewart Newport. The book was started by Hugh Beaver from the United Kingdom. In 1951, he went shooting (射击) birds and talked with his friends about the fastest bird in Europe. Three years later, they started a book to record world’s greatest people and things in it. One of the books was published soon. There are twelve parts in this book. It talks about the natural world, people’s achievements, sports and other things. This book has a lot of interesting records. Here are two: The world’s smallest dog is only 10 cm long. An American woman has the longest fingernails (指甲). They grew as long as 600 mm. 1．What can you know by reading the book Guinness World Records? A．Good food. B．Strange people. C．Beautiful places. D．Interesting movies. 2．How many records can people break every month? A．1,000. B．23000. C．3,000. D．4,000. 3．Why do many people want to break the records? A．They want to keep the worlds smallest dog. B．They want to know which birds are the fastest. C．They want to show they’re the best in the world. D．They want to come out one of the books on Tuesday. 4．What does the underlined word “was published” in paragraph 3 mean? A．came out B．grew up C．got lost D．ran away 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．The world’s smallest dog. B．The world’s greatest man. C．The book Guinness World Records. D．People who broke world records. 主题04 人与自然——动物 Passage 10 （24-25·八年级上·广东省深圳市33校联考·期中） Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects, and you’ll find many unbelievable things. Think about butterflies, for example. They have beautiful colourful wings and strong fantastic flying skills. In summer, you can see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields. But do you know how butterflies become flying insects? It’s one of the amazing wonders of nature. In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colourful egg on a leaf or stem (茎) of a plant. It’s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It turns into a walking insect. This insect is called a caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life has begun. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see, but it is still not a butterfly. Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in a protective blanket (保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage is known as the “pupa (蛹)” stage. After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colourful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away. After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins all over again. This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look into the woods and mountains and see what you can find next. 1．What is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．Butterflies are a kind of insect. B．Butterflies are good at flying. C．Butterflies have colourful wings. D．Butterflies have a good sense of smell. 2．What is the right order of the development of a butterfly? ①It becomes a pupa.    ②It becomes a walking insect. ③Female butterflies lay an egg.    ④It spreads wings and flies away. A．①②③④ B．①②④③ C．③②①④ D．③②④① 3．What’s the structure of this passage? (①=Paragraph 1  ②=Paragraph 2,…) A． B． C． D． 4．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．Nature is quite amazing. B．The life cycle of a butterfly is amazing. C．A butterfly has a short life. D．A butterfly is a beautiful insect. 5．Where can you probably find this text? A．In a fashion magazine. B．In a nature magazine. C．In a guidebook. D．In a story book. 主题05 人与社会——文化，科技与生活 Passage 11 （24-25·八年级上·广东省东莞市常平镇·期中） Recently, a video game named Black Myth: Wukong has been a great hit all over the world. Black Myth is China’s first AAA video game. Why is it so popular? It is because of the Chinese culture inside it. Wukong is a main character from Journey to the West, a Chinese classic god-evil novel written 500 years ago. “Chinese god-evil stories are fantastic themselves. No one would dislike them once they start to learn about them. And my game just opens a window.” Said Feng Ji, the game’s producer. For this reason, although players from other countries were not fans of Chinese culture, they are now “hard-working” on every detail (细节) of the novel. For almost the first time, the world tries actively to understand Chinese culture. The beautiful scenes (风景) in the game are also attractive. Among the 36 places that appear in the game, 27 are real in Shanxi Province. Take the Hanging Temple for example. It was built nearly 1,600 years ago and truly hangs on a steep cliff (峭壁). Players are amazed when they realize it is a true attraction. An American player said, “China is rich in culture and stories. I hope we can get more like this. I would love to go to China some day.” 1．What makes the game so popular? A．The first AAA video game. B．The special game character. C．The Chinese culture. D．The popularity among people. 2．Why does the world try to understand Chinese culture for the first time? A．Because game players are interested in the Chinese culture in the game. B．Because Journey to the West has fans all over the world. C．Because players from other countries are always very hard-working. D．Because god-evil stories are so interesting and fantastic. 3．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “attractive” ? A．large B．meaningful C．enjoyable D．common 4．What’s the structure (结构) of this passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What is the best title for this news? A．The hit of Journey to the West. B．The way to be top game players. C．The first AAA video game. D．Chinese culture in a popular video game. Passage 12 （24-25·八年级上·广东省佛山市南海区·期中） THE MAGAZINE SHOP      DISCOVER      LOGIN  REGISTER  STAY CURIOUS  SUBSCRIBE TECHNOLOGY  ｜  PEOPLE  ｜  PHONES  ｜  LIFE  ｜  GEOGRAPHY  ｜  MOVIES 11-year-old Wu Zeyin is a student from Hubei. He made a phone app called Farm Assistant on his own. With the help of the app, farmers in Botswana, a country in Southern Africa, can make their work much easier. Seven years ago, Wu and his family moved to Botswana. During their time there, Wu found some problems in local supermarkets. First, there were not many kinds of fruit and vegetables for sale and they were not good. Second, some vegetables weren’t ripe (熟的) but still very expensive. Wu wanted to do something to work out these problems. After hard work, he finally made a useful app. The app teaches farmers in Botswana to grow eight different vegetables. Farmers can click on a vegetable’s picture to learn about its planting information—watering needs, ripening time, seed (种子) price, selling price and so on. After planting the seeds, farmers can also know what to do through the app. It can help the farmers a lot. This app is very helpful to the farmers in Botswana. Now, Wu is working to make it better. He said, “I hope to use technology (技术) to make a difference to more people’s lives.” Wu Zeyin thinks that: Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day; teach him how to fish and you feed him for a lifetime. 1．What can we know about Wu Zeyin from Paragraph One? A．He is a middle school student. B．He invented the app without any help. C．He wanted his app to help farmers in China. D．His app can help farmers sell more products. 2．What is a problem in local supermarkets in Botswana? A．Some vegetables were good but cost a lot. B．Few people wanted to buy fruit and vegetables. C．The fruit and vegetables were not good enough. D．There were too many fruits and vegetables for sale. 3．What can farmers get from the app? A．The right time to plant a vegetable. B．The best place to sell their vegetables. C．The cheapest place to get vegetable seeds. D．Some information of different plants and fruits. 4．What price does the app advise farmers to sell tomatoes at? A．8 pulas/kilo. B．16 pulas/kilo. C．20 pulas/kilos. D．25 pulas/kilos. 5．What do you think of the boy Wu Zeyin? A．Patient. B．Strict. C．Poor. D．Helpful. Passage 13 （24-25·八年级上·广东省东莞市东莞中学·期中） AI（人工智能） makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see some amazing AIs. Cool driverless（无人驾驶的）bus Apolong is a driverless bus. Its door will open to you by itself. The bus can hold 14 people and doesn’t need a driver. It follows traffic rules. It stops every time when it sees a stop light. Your close friend Xiaoice is a robot. If you feel lonely, you can talk with it. It is good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. You can make friends with it! World’s first AI anchor（主播） See this picture! The famous Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news. But “he” is not the real Qiu Hao. It is the world’s first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It speaks both Chinese and English. It can work 24 hours without any mistakes. Popular AI artist A beautiful painting was sold for about 3, 000, 000 yuan in 2018. But it isn’t a work by a famous painter, such as Vincent van Gogh. An AI artist painted it. The AI artist imitated（临摹） over 15, 000 works to learn to paint. Now it is one of the most popular artists in the world. 1．We can know that Apolong ________. A．has no drivers in it B．opens the door by the passenger C．has 24 seats in it D．can’t stop when it sees a stop light 2．Xiaoice can do the following things EXCEPT ________. A．going out to play with you B．talking with you if you feel lonely C．being your friend D．singing, writing poems and telling stories 3．The AI anchor ________. A．looks like a woman B．can only speak English C．can work 24 hours without mistakes D．is the first robot in the world 4．What can we know about the painting? A．Vincent Van Gogh painted it. B．It was sold for about 3, 000, 000 yuan in 2018. C．The AI artist imitated it. D．It is the most popular painting in the world. 5．This passage is probably from ________. A．a travel guide B．a story book C．a school report D．a science magazine Passage 14 （24-25·八年级上·广东省深圳市33校联考·期中） A new and exciting way of doing weather forecasts is here! China’s television station now uses high-tech simulations (虚拟) to create realistic scenes in the studio. In a recent video about Super Typhoon Yagi, people watched as strong winds blew the weather reporter’s umbrella away and a “tree” was uprooted. This new way of forecasting weather helps people understand how serious storms can be. China Media Group Mobile made this video to warn people about the dangers of Super Typhoon Yagi and to tell them how to stay safe. But people were surprised by how real the video looked. The weather reporter started by talking about the weather. Then, she moved to a street with heavy winds and rain, created by extended (拓展) reality (XR) technology. XR is a group of technologies that includes augmented (增强) reality (AR), virtual (虚拟) reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR). The video showed different things that could happen during a typhoon, like trees falling and umbrellas blown away. It made people feel like they were really there, experiencing the typhoon. With XR technology, the scenes looked real and helped people learn about the dangers of extreme (极端的) weather. Many people who watched the video said they loved the new way of doing weather forecasts because it helped them understand better. Super Typhoon Yagi was the strongest autumn typhoon to hit the Chinese mainland since 1949. It caused a lot of damage and problems for people. The new way of doing weather forecasts helps people see how serious extreme weather can be. 1．What happened to the weather reporter’s umbrella in the weather forecast video? A．It turned inside out. B．It broke in the wind. C．It flew out of her hand. D．It didn’t open. 2．What new technology is being used for weather forecasts in China? A．Virtual Reality (VR) B．Augmented Reality (AR). C．Mixed Reality (MR). D．Extended Reality (XR). 3．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．The weather reporters. B．The people who watched the video. C．The people in the video. D．The China Media Group Mobile. 4．What was the purpose of the Super Typhoon Yagi weather forecast video? A．To warn people about the dangers of the typhoon. B．To show off the power of XR technology. C．To make people happy with new technology. D．To show us the strongest autumn typhoon. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．The development of XR technology B．The new way of doing weather forecasts C．The ability of the weather reporter D．The dangers of Super Typhoon Yagi Passage 15 （24-25·八年级上·广东省深圳市33校联考·期中） Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen… Do you know where these names of Chinese space programs come from? Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after the Monkey King, a Chinese superhero. According to Journey to the West, the Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as the Monkey King, helping scientists search for dark matter in space. The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths (神话) this is the home of Tian Di (Heavenly Emperor). Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong, so they can work together in the future. Tianwen, China’s Mars mission (火星任务), is named after the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan, a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he asked the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for the truth. Perhaps the Tianwen mission will help answer some of Qu Yuan’s questions. If you look into more Chinese space programs, you will find that their names all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream, so the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously. 1．How does the writer introduce the topic in Paragraph 1? A．By listing a number. B．By giving an example. C．By asking a question. D．By answering a question. 2．What does the underlined word “evil” mean? A．Honesty. B．Badness. C．Kindness. D．Ugliness. 3．What do the satellite Wukong and the Monkey King have in common (相似)? A．They’re both sharp-eyed. B．They’re both superheroes. C．They both help with scientific studies. D．They both help the good and punish the bad. 4．What is Tiangong used for? A．It’s used for searching dark matter. B．It’s used to explore (探索) Mars. C．It’s used to send astronauts to space. D．It’s used as a home for the astronauts in space. 5．Why do we take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously? A．We want to land on Mars. B．We want to protect the Earth. C．We have the hunger for truth. D．We have a dream for space. 2 / 48 1 / 48 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解 说明文 主题01 人与社会——科学技术与文化 Passage 1 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市越秀区执信中学·期中） How fit are your teeth? Are you lazy about brushing them? Never fear: An inventor is on the case. An electric toothbrush senses how long and how well you brush, and it lets you track your performance on your phone. The Kolibree toothbrush was exhibited at the International Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas this week. It senses how it is moved and can send the information to an Android phone or iPhone via a Bluetooth wireless connection. The toothbrush will be able to teach you to brush right (Don’t forget the insides of the teeth!) and make sure you’re brushing long enough. “It’s kind of like having a dentist actually watch your brushing on a day-to-day basis,” says Thomas Serval, the French inventor. The toothbrush will also be able to talk to other programs on your phone, so developers could, for example, create a game controlled by your toothbrush. You could score points for beating monsters among your teeth. “We try to make it smart but also fun,” Serval says. Serval says he was inspired by his experience as a father. He would come home from work and ask his kids if they had brushed their teeth. They said “yes”, but Serval would find their toothbrush heads dry. He decided he needed a brush that really told him how well his children brushed. The company says the Kolibree will go on sale this summer, from $99 to $199, depending on features. The U. S. is the first target market. Serval says that one day, it’ll be possible to replace (更换) the brush on the handle with a brushing unit that also has a camera. The camera can even examine holes in your teeth while you brush. 1．Which statement about the Kolibree toothbrush is TRUE? A．It can send information to your phone. B．It can clean teeth all by itself. C．It looks like a dentist. D．It can talk with us. 2．Why did Serval decide to invent the toothbrush? A．Because he could score points in games while brushing teeth. B．Because he wanted to make sure his children could brush teeth well. C．Because he wanted to replace the brush on the handle with a new one. D．Because he wanted to invent an electric toothbrush for the market. 3．What can we know from the passage? A．Only parents care about children’s teeth health. B．The Kolibree toothbrush has a fixed price. C．The toothbrush with a camera is already on the market. D．The inventor is confident about the future of his product. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Children do not brush teeth right. B．A new toothbrush is able to control games. C．People are paying more and more attention to teeth health. D．Serval’s invention wil be able to check the user’s teeth. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了Serval发明的新型牙刷将能够检查使用者的牙齿。 1．细节理解题。根据“It senses how it is moved and can send the information to an Android phone or iPhone via a Bluetooth wireless connection.”可知，Kolibree牙刷可以将信息发送到手机。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“He decided he needed a brush that really told him how well his children brushed.”可知，Serval发明牙刷是为了确保他的孩子能刷好牙。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“The company says the Kolibree will go on sale this summer”及“Serval says that one day, it’ll be possible to replace (更换) the brush on the handle with a brushing unit that also has a camera. The camera can even examine holes in your teeth while you brush.”可知，这款牙刷将在今年夏天上市，并且有一天可以在牙刷上装上摄像头来检查牙齿上的洞。由此可知，发明者对这款产品的未来充满了自信。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了Serval发明了一款新型牙刷，它能够检查使用者的牙齿情况。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市海珠区广东实验中学·期中） Do you know you can multiply by drawing just a few lines? Line multiplication was invented long years ago. It might help you when you don’t have a calculator. ►Work out the place values (位值) of your numbers. For example, you are calculating 34×12. The first number has a 4 in the ones place (个位) and a 3 in the tens place (十位). Your second number has a 2 in the ones place and a 1 in the tens place. ►Draw parallel (平行的) lines to represent (代表) your first number. Draw three lines to represent the tens place. Draw four lines above them to represent the ones place. ►Draw parallel lines to represent the second number. Draw one line to represent the tens place. The line should cross over the lines from the first number. Then, draw two lines below it to represent the ones place. ►Draw dots at each point where the lines meet each other. ►Circle the dots representing the ones place and add them up. Here, you can count eight dots and get the ones place of your answer: 8. ►Circle the dots representing the tens place and add them up. You would count 10 dots here. Like any time you add or multiply, once a digit (数位) reaches 10, you need to carry (进位). In this example, you would put a 0 in the tens place and carry the 1 over to the hundreds place. ►Count the dots representing the hundreds place. You would count three dots here. Don’t forget the 1 you’ve carried over. Calculate 3+1, and the hundreds place of your answer is 4. ►Write down your answer. For 34×12, the answer is 408. 1．This article mainly teaches people ________. A．how to use line multiplication. B．how to work out the place values of numbers. C．how to multiply two numbers using a calculator. D．how to carry numbers over when adding or multiplying. 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE about the number 873? A．The number has a 3 in the tens place. B．The number has a 7 in the ones place. C．The number has a 3 in the hundreds place. D．The number has an 8 in the hundreds place. 3．Harry has drawn the picture on the right. He is probably calculating ________. A．43×51 B．43×15 C．34×15 D．34×51 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何使用划线乘法。 1．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第一句“Do you know you can multiply by drawing just a few lines?”可知，本文主要介绍了如何使用划线乘法。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据表格第一部分“For example, you are calculating 34×12. The first number has a 4 in the ones place (个位) and a 3 in the tens place (十位). Your second number has a 2 in the ones place and a 1 in the tens place.”可知，数字873，8为百位，7为十位，3为个位。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据表格第二部分“Draw three lines to represent the tens place. Draw four lines above them to represent the ones place.”及表格第三部分“Draw one line to represent the tens place. The line should cross over the lines from the first number. Then, draw two lines below it to represent the ones place.”可知，在三个横上面有四个横，这代表了34；划的竖线表示的是51，所以他想要表达的是34×51。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市第八十六中学·期中） Look it up Here are two articles from an encyclopedia. Diogenes Diogenes (412 BC-323 BC) was an intelligent man in ancient Europe. For him, the way to be happy was to own as few things as possible. He only had three things—his clothes, a lantern (灯笼) and a bowl to eat with, but he was very happy. One day, Diogenes saw a boy drinking water from his hands by a river, and then he threw away his bowl. Diogenes used to walk through the city with his lantern during the day. When people asked him why he carried the lantern, he would hold it up to their face, look at them and say, “I’m looking for an honest man.” (See a ) Whales Whales are the largest animals on Earth and they live in every ocean. The first fossil whales are found from rocks around 50 million years old. Some are 30 metres long and some are as heavy as 33 elephants. Whales are not fish. They live in the water, but they breathe air. Like humans, they are warm-blooded mammals (哺乳动物). Whales produce sounds that can be heard for miles underwater. They often use calls to sense (感知) the environment and to talk with each other. Nowadays, some kinds of whales are in danger, even after years of protection. People kill at least 300,000 whales and dolphins each year by fishing. (See b ) 1．According to the first article “Diogenes”, Diogenes ______. A．carried his lantern because it was dark B．gave his cup to the boy by the river C．encouraged people to live an easy life D．thought no one was honest in the world 2．What does the underlined word “they” in the second article refer to? A．whales B．fish C．mammals D．sounds 3．Which of the following words can be put into “ a ” and “ b ”? A．People; Science B．Art; Science C．Art; Earth history D．People; Earth history 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 【导语】本文介绍了《百科全书》中的两篇文章，一个是关于智者过着简单的生活，另一个是关于鲸鱼的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据“For him, the way to be happy was to own as few things as possible.”可知，对他来说，快乐的方式就是拥有尽可能少的东西，故推出Diogenes鼓励人们过轻松的生活。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Whales are not fish. They live in the water, but they breathe air. Like humans, they are warm-blooded mammals (哺乳动物).”可知，此处说的是鲸鱼是温血哺乳动物，故推出划线部分they指代whales。故选A。 3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一篇文章讲述的是关于智者的故事，故推出应出自人类，第二篇讲述的是鲸鱼的相关知识，应选自科学。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市铁一中学·期中） Do you have a lucky number? What is it? Many people have a special number that they hope will bring them good luck. In Chinese culture, some numbers are believed to be lucky or unlucky based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. For example, the word for the number 8 sounds similar to the word for “making a fortune (发财)”. So, people consider it a very lucky number. Some people will even spend a lot of money to have 8s in their phone number or on their vehicle license plate (车牌照) number. The opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics began at 8:08 p.m. on Aug. 8, 2008. The number 9 is also a lucky number because of its connection to the emperors of China. There were nine dragons on emperors’ robes (龙袍) and Chinese myth held that the dragon had nine children. The number 9 also stands for “long lasting”. That’ s why a man always proposes (求婚) to a woman with 99 or 999 roses. So, what’s an unlucky number in China? One example is 4. Many Chinese people see 4 as an unlucky number because it sounds similar to the character for “death”. Because of this, many buildings skip (跳过) the fourth floor, and simply call it the fifth  floor. In Hong Kong, some buildings even skip all floors numbered with 4, such as 4, 14, 24, 34 and all 40-49 floors. Some buildings also skip the 13th floor, as this is considered an unlucky number in some areas in Hong Kong. As a result, a building whose highest floor is 50 may have only 35 physical floors. 1．What makes Chinese people believe a number is lucky or unlucky? A．The shape of the number. B．The sound of the number. C．The history of the number. D．The spelling of the number. 2．A building whose highest floor is 60 in Hong Kong might only have ________ physical floors if it skips all the unlucky numbers. A．35 B．60 C．45 D．44 3．According to the passage, the meaning of number 9 in Chinese culture is _________. A．fortunate B．ordinary C．everlasting D．simple 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Numbers and old stories in China. B．Lucky and unlucky numbers in Chinese culture. C．Ways to find your lucky and unlucky numbers. D．Different meanings of numbers in different countries. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国文化中的幸运数字和不幸运数字。 1．细节理解题。根据“In Chinese culture, some numbers are believed to be lucky or unlucky based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to.”可知，在中国文化中，人们认为数字是否幸运是基于数字的发音。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“In Hong Kong, some buildings even skip all floors numbered with 4”可知，香港的一些建筑会跳过所有带有4的楼层，因此，最高60层的建筑要排除4、14、24、34、44、54、40～49，因此实际只有44层。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“The number 9 also stands for ‘long lasting’.”可知，数字9在中国文化中代表“长久”，即“everlasting”。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国文化中的幸运数字和不幸运数字。故选B。 Passage 5 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市越秀区执信中学·期中） Encyclopedia Britannica used to be the king of encyclopedias. It hopes to become the most important encyclopedia again. An encyclopedia has information about many different things. It includes articles on topics like animals, science, and many people were willing to buy them. They thought Britannica was the best encyclopedia. Britannica began in Scotland nearly 250 years ago. It moved to Chicago in 1935. In 1990, the company sold more than 100, 000 sets of books. It was Britannica’s best year. Book sales dropped after that. People stopped getting information only from books. They began getting it online as well. A few years ago, the company stopped publishing the books. It put the whole encyclopedia on the Internet, However, Britannica online is not as popular as some other online encyclopedias. About half of Britannica’s articles are free while almost all of the articles on other online encyclopedias are free. In addition, other online encyclopedias have millions of articles while Britannica has only 106, 000. However, Britannica’s articles are more trustworthy. The experts make sure the articles are correct. Britannica covers most of the same general subjects as other online encyclopedias, but finding its articles can be more difficult. The Britannica page also has many ads. The ads help support the company. 1．When did people start to become less interested in Encyclopedia Britannica books? A．In 1935. B．In 1990. C．In 1991. D．In 2002. 2．Why is online Britannica less popular than other online encyclopedias? A．Other online encyclopedias are more trustworthy. B．The readers can read more free articles in other online encyclopedias. C．There aren’t any ads in other online encyclopedias. D．Other online encyclopedias cover most of the subjects of Britannica. 3．Why does the Britannica page have ads? A．To make money for the company. B．To make it more user-friendly. C．To make its website popular. D．To help other companies earn money. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了《大英百科全书》曾经是百科全书之王，但是一些在线百科全书开始之后，人们对《大英百科全书》的兴趣逐渐减少。 1．细节理解题。根据“In 1990, the company sold more than 100, 000 sets of books. It was Britannica’s best year. Book sales dropped after that. People stopped getting information only from books.”可知1990年，该公司售出了10多万册图书，这是《大英百科全书》最好的一年，在那之后，图书销量下降了，即从1991年开始，人们对它的兴趣开始减少。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“About half of Britannica’s articles are free while almost all of the articles on other online encyclopedias are free. In addition, other online encyclopedias have millions of articles while Britannica has only 106, 000”可知《大英百科全书》大约一半的文章是免费的，而其他在线百科全书上的几乎所有文章都是免费的，此外，其他在线百科全书有数百万篇文章，而《大英百科全书》只有106000篇。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The Britannica page also has many ads. The ads help support the company.”可知这些广告有助于支持该公司。故选A。 Passage 6 （24-25·八年级上·广东省华南师范大学附属中学·期中） Some fish weigh more than a fridge. Some look like cows. Now, getting to know these very special creatures is becoming easier. On a new website (www.eol.org), called the Encyclopedia of Life (EOL), you will find basic facts on about 30,000 species-or kinds-of fish. But as surprising as 30,000 fish sounds, it is just a baby step for the website. Its designers dream of making it the largest biological (生物学的) encyclopedia ever, with a web page for every living species. “Although there are already a lot of websites about living things, and a lot of encyclopedias too, they’re not the best tools for scientists”, say the encyclopedia’s designers. Scientists need websites with information that has been double-checked by other scientists. A dream site would include links to all the basic research and also automatically (自动地) update itself as new research is published. Finally, even people who aren’t scientists should be able to use such a site to get to know what’s living in their backyards-or anywhere else in the world. Think of it as one huge book that can keep growing in size-to millions of pages. If those pages were made of paper, the book would become large and heavy and hard to update. However, because it’s used online, anyone who has a computer can search its pages easily. Moreover, those new pages can be added quickly. 1．What is EOL? A．An organization studying special species. B．A large, heavy book which is a record of living things. C．A website where people can find information of all kinds of fish. D．A meeting where people discuss the research of the living things. 2．What’s the purpose of the EOL designers? A．To make the encyclopedia popular. B．To provide information of every living species. C．To give correct information to the scientists. D．To challenge the other websites and encyclopedias. 3．What can we know about today’s websites and encyclopedias? A．They provide wrong information. B．They are easy to get information. C．They are the best tools for scientists. D．They seldom update the information. 4．What’s the best title of this passage? A．A dream website. B．A “Book” of life. C．A surprising tool. D．An automatic encyclopedia. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了名为“EOL”的新网站，该网站目前可查询约3万种鱼类的基础信息，便于各类人群使用的最大生物学百科全书。 1．细节理解题。根据“On a new website (www.eol.org), called the Encyclopedia of Life (EOL), you will find basic facts on about 30,000 species-or kinds-of fish.”可知，EOL是一个人们可以查询各类鱼类信息的网站。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Its designers dream of making it the largest biological (生物学的) encyclopedia ever, with a web page for every living species.”可知，EOL设计者的目的是提供每种生物的信息。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Although there are already a lot of websites about living things, and a lot of encyclopedias too, they’re not the best tools for scientists”以及“A dream site would include links to all the basic research and also automatically (自动地) update itself as new research is published.”可推断，如今的网站和百科全书很少更新信息（因为理想网站需具备自动更新功能，暗示现有平台缺乏该特性）。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。根据“On a new website (www.eol.org), called the Encyclopedia of Life (EOL)”“Its designers dream of making it the largest biological (生物学的) encyclopedia ever”等内容可知，本文主要介绍了一个关于提供每个生物的基本情况的网站，因此最佳标题为“一个理想的网站”。故选A。 Passage 7 （24-25·八年级上·广东省华南师范大学附属中学·期中） How quickly can you count from one to ten? Do you use ten different words to do it? Can you do it in English, or do you have to use your first language? Do you count on your fingers? Many people think that numbers and math are the same all over the world. But scientists have discovered that it is not true. People in different parts of the world use different ways to count on their fingers. In the United States, people begin counting with their first finger. They then extend the rest of their fingers and finally the thumb to count to five. Then they repeat this with the other hand to get to ten. In China, people use fingers in a different finger positions to count. In this way, a Chinese person can easily count to ten on only one hand. Besides ways of finger counting, scientists have found that cultures and languages are also different when it comes to numbers. Some languages have only a few words for numbers, and others have no words for numbers. For example, the aboriginal (土著居民), people in Australia don’t have hand movements to stand for numbers. They don’t even have words for numbers. However, they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers, Professor Edward Gibson from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology said that most people believe that everyone knows how to count. “But here is a group that does not count. They could learn, but they found it is not useful in their culture. Therefore, they’ve never picked it up.” Although all humans are able to understand quantities, not all languages have numbers and not all people use counting. Number words in a certain language are a result of people needing numbers in their daily lives. Now we know that people have different ideas about numbers and math, too. 1．The four questions in paragraph 1 are used to ________ . A．tell a story B．make a survey C．interest readers D．solve math problems 2．The writer compares the finger counting of the US and China to prove that  ________. A．people from China need two hands to count from one to ten. B．people from China count much faster than people from the US C．people of different cultures use the same way of finger counting. D．people of different cultures use different ways of finger counting 3．What does the underlined “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Counting. B．Culture. C．Math. D．Finger 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．In some aboriginal cultures, people don’t even know how to count. B．Chinese people can count more easily on their fingers than Americans. C．People from different cultures have different ideas about numbers and math. D．Some languages don’t have number words because people don’t need numbers. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了不同的国家关于数字的文化是不尽相同的，告诉我们，在某些文化中，不需要数字。 1．推理判断题。根据“How quickly can you count from one to ten? Do you use ten different words to do it? Can you do it in English, or do you have to use your first language? Do you count on your fingers?”可知，作者在本文的开头连续问了四个问题，目的是为了吸引读者的注意力，让读者对接下来作者要说的事情产生兴趣。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“People in different parts of the world use different ways to count on their fingers. In the United States, people begin counting with their first finger”及“In China, people use fingers in a different finger positions to count.”可知，作者详细描述了美国人和中国人手指计数方式的差异，目的在于证明不同文化背景下的人们使用不同的手指计数方法。故选D。 3．词意猜测题。根据“Professor Edward Gibson from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology said that most people believe that everyone knows how to count. ‘But here is a group that does not count. They could learn, but they found it is not useful in their culture. Therefore, they’ve never picked it up.’”可知，澳大利亚土著居民这个群体，提到他们不会计数，并且他们本可以学习计数，却认为在自己的文化中计数没有实际用途，所以从未学过。由此可以推断，“it”在这里指代的是Counting“计数”，故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一句“Now we know that people have different ideas about numbers and math, too.”可知，作者点明了文章的主题，来自不同文化的人们对数学和数字有不同的概念。故选C。 主题02 人与社会——人际交往与活动 Passage 8 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市海珠区广东实验中学·期中） Development in technology now ties us closer than before. We can call our friends from a thousand kilometers away. We can text. We can talk to each other at the push of a button on WeChat or other social media. There are, of course, advantages to these modern ways of communicating. However, do we ever think about what we are losing? As someone who likes writing and receiving letters, I often feel sad that so few people now give letter writing a fair chance. While you might call letter writing old-fashioned, I believe we should all write and send letters more often. To begin with, there’s lots of love in a handwritten letter. This is why texting or calling doesn’t feel as special as letter writing—it is more hurried. These days, we hope to finish everything as quickly as possible. To save time, we often use short sentences. Handwritten letters, however, deliver much more warmth because we take the time. Writing letters allows us to express to someone how much we care about him or her in a detailed way. So when we receive a letter, we feel we are loved, remembered and missed. Besides, writing a letter can make us feel happy, too. When we sit down and focus on what we are writing, we make ourselves take a break from the stress (压力) of our lives. Moreover, letters can be kept forever. We can always go back and read them again. By keeping a letter, we keep a part of that person and his relationship with us. Pick up your pen now! Write to your cousins about your school. Let your friends know how much you miss them. Let’s bring back the art of letter writing! 1．According to the passage, ________ is not the modern way of communicating in the passage. A．writing letters B．using social media C．making phone calls D．sending text messages 2．The underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refers to ________. A．time saving B．letter writing C．texting or calling D．using shortened phrases 3．The writer thinks writing letters makes us feel happy because it makes us feel ________. A．we are saving an old tradition B．we are keeping a part of ourselves C．we are loved, remembered and missed D．we are away from the stress of our lives 4．By writing this article, the writer wants to ________. A．stop people from using social media B．ask schools to teach students how to write letters C．share his experiences of sending and receiving letters D．encourage people to write and send letters more often 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者鼓励人们写信。 1．细节理解题。根据“Development in technology now ties us closer than before. We can call our friends from a thousand kilometers away. We can text. We can talk to each other at the push of a button on WeChat or other social media.”可知，在文中，写信不是现代交流方式。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“texting or calling doesn’t feel as special as letter writing—it is more hurried”可知，句中 “it” 指代前文提及的比较对象。前文将 “texting or calling（发短信或打电话）” 与 “letter writing（写信）” 对比，指出前者 “不如写信特别”，由此可知，it指代前面的texting or calling。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Besides, writing a letter can make us feel happy, too. When we sit down and focus on what we are writing, we make ourselves take a break from the stress (压力) of our lives.”可知，作者认为写信让我们感到快乐，因为它让我们感到我们远离了生活的压力。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Pick up your pen now! Write to your cousins about your school. Let your friends know how much you miss them. Let’s bring back the art of letter writing!”可知，通过写这篇文章，作者希望鼓励人们更频繁地写信和寄信。故选D。 Passage 9 （24-25·八年级上·广东省东莞市·期中） Spring is a good time to take a trip. Do you know how kids in different countries take their trips? Children in China When spring comes, children want to be outside, so some schools usually have spring trips for them. It can be a trip to a mountain. There, children can climb the mountain, fly kites, enjoy flowers and so on. Sometimes their teachers take them to martyrs’ park (烈士陵园) and students can put some flowers there to show their respect (敬重). Children in Japan In Japan, late March and early April are good seasons for enjoying cherry blossoms (樱花). And they are the best time of the year for children to take a trip. Children have their lunches, sing songs and dance under the trees. What’s more, they go boating and take baths (淋浴) in hot springs—the water which come from underground (地下) and is often above (超过) 20℃ naturally. Children in the UK These are many great places for them to choose from when it comes to the school trip. They usually visit a college, a museum or a park. One of the most special places to go is the bird center. Most people working at the center are scientists. So they can teach children about the habits of birds. The kids spend time in a beautiful place and also learn something about the natural world there without textbooks. 1．What do the children in China do when spring comes? A．They usually read the textbooks. B．They usually enjoy cherry blossoms. C．They sometimes visit some scientists. D．They sometimes go to the martyrs’ park. 2．What do the underlined word “hot spring” in paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．温泉 B．湖泊 C．热水 D．浴室 3．Children in the UK usually visit ________ in the school trip. A．a college, a museum or a garden B．a college, a mountain or a park C．a museum, a college or a park D．a museum, a college or a mountain 4．What can we know from the passage? A．No schools in China have a school trip. B．In the UK, most people working at the bird center are scientists. C．Students must bring flowers to go to the martyrs’ park D．In Japan, August is the best time for children to take a trip. 5．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Kids in Different Countries B．Different Summer Holidays C．Different Culture in the World D．Spring Trips in Different Countries 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国，日本和英国三个国家的孩子春游的情况。 1．细节理解题。根据“When spring comes, children want to be outside, so some schools usually have spring trips for them. t can be a trip to a mountain. There, children can climb the mountain, fly kites enjoy flowers and so on.”可知，有时他们的老师会带他们去烈士公园。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“What’s more, they go boating and take baths (淋浴) in hot springs—the water which come from underground (地下) and is often above (超过) 20℃ naturally.”可知，他们在温泉里洗澡，温泉水来自地下，温度始终在21℃或以上。hot springs表示“温泉”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“They usually visit a college, a museum or a park.”可知，英国的学生们通常会参观校园、博物馆或公园。故选C。 4． 细节理解题。根据“One of the most special places to go is the bird center. The people at the center are scientists.”可知，在英国，鸟类中心的人都是科学家。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了中国，日本和英国三个国家的孩子春游的情况。D选项“不同国家的春季旅行”符合。故选D。 主题03 人与自然——天气与动植物 Passage 10 （24-25·八年级上·广东省江门市·期中） Do you know something about the holiday camps in Hong Kong? The students in Hong Kong often took part in an English holiday camp in their holidays. And their parents weren’t with them. Though they were very young. Now they still enjoy taking part in many kinds of holiday camps without their parents. Many parents let their children take part in some kinds of holiday camps in order to (为了) learn some practical knowledge in their life. And also learn some knowledge about living skills, science, reading and writing. The most important for the children is to learn to look after themselves. Holiday camps in Hong Kong are not so expensive because the government (政府) never charges for them. Most of families can afford to send their children there for further study, for making their bodies strong... It is said that students in Hong Kong have much knowledge about many things. Perhaps it has something with the kinds of holiday camps. 1．The students in the holiday camps can learn the knowledge about _______. A．writing B．reading C．science D．all of the above 2．The most important thing for the students in the holiday camps is _______. A．to make their bodies strong B．to learn much knowledge about many things C．to learn to look after themselves D．to have a further study about many subjects 3．The underlined word “charges” means ________ in Chinese. A．责备 B．收费 C．找零 D．登记 4．Which is TRUE according to the passage? A．The students take part in the holiday camps with their parents. B．The students take part in the holiday camps to improve their listening skills. C．The students can learn some knowledge about living skills in the holiday camps. D．The price of taking part in the holiday camps is very high. 5．The best title for the passage is _______. A．The holiday B．The life of the holiday C．The holiday camps D．The students in Hong Kong 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了香港的学生进行假期营地所带来的好处。 1．细节理解题。根据“And also learn some knowledge about living skills, science, reading and writing.”可知，在假期营地中，学生们能够学到关于生活技能、科学、阅读及写作方面的知识。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The most important for the children is to learn to look after themselves.”可知，在假期营地中，学生们最重要的事情是学习照顾自己。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Holiday camps in Hong Kong are not so expensive because the government (政府) never charges for them.”可知，香港的假期营地不是很贵，是因为政府不收费，划线单词表示“收费”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“And also learn some knowledge about living skills, science, reading and writing.”可知，在假期营地中，学生能够学到一些生活技能方面的知识。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了香港的学生进行假期营地所带来的好处，围绕的是假期营地展开的，因此C选项“假期营地”为最佳标题。故选C。 Passage 11 （24-25·八年级上·广东省东莞市·期中） A bit of sunshine is good for us and makes us happy. However, people who lie in the sun for a long time may put themselves in danger. Here are some tips to stay safe in the sun: Protect （保护）yourself The dangers Wear a hat Your head and face can get sunburned (晒伤) easily. Always wear a hat to protect them when you’re outside. Cover upWear a long-sleeve (长袖的) shirt to keep cool and protect your skin (皮肤) from getting burned. A tan (晒黑) means your skin (皮肤) is hurt by the sun. This can cause: ·skin cancer (癌) ·looking older too soon ·spotty (斑点多的) skin ·sunburn sunstroke (中暑) We can treat skin cancer if we find it early. If you see anything strange (奇怪的) on your skin or if a mole (痣) changes shape, size or color, tell your parents and see the doctor right away. So enjoy the sun in the right way. Find shade The sun is the strongest between 11 and 2 pm. Try to stay in the shade (阴凉) during these hours. Use sunscreen cream (防晒霜) Put on sunscreen cream with SPE15 or higher on any skin that isn’t covered. Use a lot of it before going outside and put more on often, especially after swimming. 1．According to the poster (海报), too much sun is ________. A．dangerous B．healthy C．dirty D．clean 2．To protect your face from the sun, you can ________. A．put on common cream B．go swimming C．wear a hat D．stay outside 3．What is wrong when you use sunscreen cream? A．Use SPE15 or lower on any skin that is not covered. B．Use a lot of it before going outside. C．Put more on often. D．Use it after swimming 4．When do you need to see a doctor? A．You enjoyed the sun near a window B．You didn’t use sunscreen. C．Your skin has strange changes. D．You stay in the shade. 5．Who might the poster be for? A．Doctors. B．Children. C．Parents. D．Teachers. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些在阳光底下保持安全的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“However, people who lie in the sun for a long time may put themselves in danger.”可知，长时间待在太阳底下可能会有危险。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Your head and face...Always wear a hat...”可知，保护脸免受阳光伤害，应该戴个帽子。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Put on sunscreen cream with SPE15 or higher on any skin that isn’t covered.”可知，使用防晒霜要SPE15或高于SPE15的。A错误。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“If you see anything strange (奇怪的) on your skin or if a mole (痣) changes shape, size or color, tell your parents and see the doctor right away.”可知，当皮肤出现奇怪的变化，需要看医生。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“...size or color, tell your parents and...”可知，有问题可以告知父母。文章是写给孩子的。故选B。 Passage 12 （24-25·八年级上·广东省江门市怡福中学·期中） A dog can’t speak words, but it can “talk”. It has feelings just as you do. At times it may feel angry or afraid. Watching a dog closely, you can find out what it feels. You can see what it is trying to tell you. When a person is afraid, he or she may look shy. A dog will look away from you when it is afraid of you. It may run away, too. When a man is angry with some people, he looks at them and shut his mouth. An angry dog also stares with its eyes. Sometimes the hair along its back stands up. Do you feel shy when you have done something you shouldn’t do? Dogs can feel shy, too. At times when I come home, my dog gives me a shy look. Then I know he’s done something wrong. Dogs need love and attention. Some dogs are very unhappy when they are left alone for a long time. Some dogs even bite people if they don’t get enough attention. You may have a dog or you may know a dog. Take good care of it if you want to have fun with it. Play with it. Take it for a walk. Try not to beat it if it does something wrong for the first time. Always remember, a dog has needs and feelings just as you do. Talk to a dog, and it’ll talk to you, too. 1．The writer thinks the dogs ______. A．can walk with two legs B．have feelings C．need more food D．are very kind 2．If a dog runs away, it may ______. A．feel lonely B．feel happy C．be afraid D．be angry 3．You can tell that a dog has done something bad when ______. A．its hair stands up B．it runs away from you C．it has a shy look D．its mouth is shut 4．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “stare”? A．踢脚 B．瞪视 C．闭嘴 D．咬人 5．Which of the following sentences are NOT right except ______. A．the dogs often stare when they are hungry B．all the dogs need food and water, but not love and attention C．the dogs don’t like staying at home alone D．we don’t need to talk with the dog 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．431．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了狗虽然不能说话，但是可以通过行为和表情表达情感，它们需要关爱和关注。 1．细节理解题。根据“It has feelings just as you do.”可知作者认为狗有感情。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“A dog will look away from you when it is afraid of you. It may run away, too.”可知如果狗跑开，它可能是害怕了。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“At times when I come home, my dog gives me a shy look. Then I know he’s done something wrong.”可知当狗看起来害羞时，你可以看出它做了坏事。故选C。 4．词义猜测题。根据“An angry dog also stares with its eyes”可知一只愤怒的狗也用眼睛盯着看，故此处划线部分意为“瞪视”。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“Some dogs are very unhappy when they are left alone for a long time”可知有些狗长时间独处时很不开心，可见狗不喜欢独自待在家里。故选C。 Passage 13 （24-25·八年级上·广东省佛山市南海区狮山镇初中·期中） Scientists say climate (气候) change has something to do with American birds. A study found that 52 of the most common kinds of birds in the USA have become smaller in size in the past 38 years. This change in size follows a rule called Bergmann’s Rule. The rule says that animals in colder areas are usually larger than those in warmer areas. That’s because larger animals are able to keep warmer. As the climate changes, especially facing rising temperatures, ________. Some of them become smaller in size. Scientists studied over 70,000 kinds of birds. They found that some birds in North America were becoming smaller in size. Studies on fish also show the identical thing. Fish become smaller in size too. What does this mean? First, climate change is happening faster than ever before, so animals may not be able to change fast enough. Besides, when an animal becomes smaller, other things will change. When an animal’s body becomes smaller, it may not be able to produce as many little baby animals as before— this may change the number of the population. This shows the bigger problem with climate change— people are not able to know ahead (预先) what will happen when the earth’s temperature keeps rising, and that is the real danger. 1．How many kinds of American birds became smaller in size in the past 38 years? A．38. B．52. C．700. D．70,000. 2．Which of the following can be put in“________ ” in Paragraph 3? A．animals now have to make changes B．animals won’t feel cold C．animals don’t need to move in winter D．animals are in danger 3．What does the underlined word “identical” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Famous. B．New. C．Same. D．Wonderful. 4．What will happen if the body of an animal gets smaller? A．It will move to cold areas. B．It will have a smaller population. C．It will be difficult for it to live. D．It will become smaller and smaller. 5．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Different Kinds of American Birds B．Protect Birds in the World C．Birds Study in the USA D．Danger of Climate Change 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章讨论了气候变化导致美国52种常见鸟类在过去38年体型变小的现象，这种现象遵循贝格曼法则，即寒冷地区的动物通常比温暖地区的动物体型大。随着气候变暖，一些动物体型缩小以适应环境。这种变化可能导致种群数量减少，突显了气候变化的不确定性和潜在危险。 1．细节理解题。根据“A study found that 52 of the most common kinds of birds in the USA have become smaller in size in the past 38 years.”可知，在过去38年中有52种美国鸟类的体型变小了。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据下文“Some of them become smaller in size. Scientists studied over 70,000 kinds of birds. They found that some birds in North America were becoming smaller in size. Studies on fish also show the identical thing. Fish become smaller in size too.”可知，这一段讨论的是气候变化对动物的影响，特别是体型的变化，后文举例说明了鸟类和鱼的尺寸都随着气候变化而变小，因此选项A“动物现在必须做出改变”符合语境。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Studies on fish also show the identical thing. Fish become smaller in size too.”可知，此处描述鱼类跟鸟类一样，身体尺寸也变小了，因此推测identical的意思是“相同的”。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“When an animal’s body becomes smaller, it may not be able to produce as many little baby animals as before— this may change the number of the population.”可知，体型变小可能导致动物产生的后代数量减少，进而可能改变种群数量。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了气候变化对鸟类体型的影响以及这种变化的潜在危险。选项D“气候变化的危险”最能概括文章的主旨，因此是最佳标题。故选D。 Passage 14 （24-25·八年级上·广东省深圳市宝安区七校联考·期中） Have you heard of a cloud forest? Is it the same as a rainforest? Actually, it’s a very special kind of forest in cloudy mountains. There, clouds brush through trees and wet their leaves. Rain falls almost every day. Hundreds of mosses (苔藓) grow and cover everything like a soft, green coat. Plants of cloud forests live in an unusual way. They grow on the branches of trees instead of on the ground. The air is very damp, so plants can get all the water they need from the fog and rain. They live on the high parts of trees so that they can get more light to be stronger. There are many kinds of special animals in cloud forests. For example, tree kangaroos live in trees like monkeys. They use their long tails to balance just as monkeys do. Frogs have suckers (吸盘) on their toes so they can climb up trees and cross leaves easily. Many other special animals are waiting for us to discover, aren’t they? Cloud forests are important to people. They give us healthy food crops, such as wild beans, peppers, tomatoes, potatoes and strawberries. Furthermore, they offer new medicine to treat cancer. Unluckily, the beautiful forests are in danger now. Why? Firstly, the climate is getting warmer, but plants and animals in cloud forests like to live where it’s cool. It’s difficult for them to find a proper place to live in. Secondly, people cut down many trees to plant crops or feed cows. The animals are losing their homes. Once cloud forests are gone, there must be a huge loss to humans. Save the cloud forests before it’s too late! 1．What kind of weather can be expected in a cloud forest? A．It rains almost every day. B．It is always sunny. C．It is very windy. D．It is very cold. 2．What does the underlined word “damp” mean in paragraph 2? A．Dry. B．Sunny. C．Wet. D．Snowy. 3．According to the passage, many things live in cloud forests, including ________. ①mosses ②blueberries ③frogs with suckers ④monkeys ⑤tree kangaroos A．①②③ B．①③⑤ C．②④⑤ D．③④⑤ 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．We can use healthy food crops to make medicine for headache. B．Hundreds of mosses grow because it’s always sunny in cloud forests. C．The animals are losing their homes because people cut down many trees. D．Plants need more water to be strong so they grow on the high parts of trees. 5．What’s the main purpose of this passage? A．To save the cloud forests. B．To introduce plants in cloud forests. C．To describe the cloud forests. D．To discover animals in cloud forests. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文介绍了云林里的动物植物以及它现在面临的环境危机，呼吁人们保护云林。 1．细节理解题。根据“Rain falls almost every day.”可知，几乎每天下雨，故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Rain falls almost every day...so plants can get all the water they need from the fog and rain.”可知，几乎每天下雨，植物可以从雾和雨中获得所需的所有水分。因此空气是非常湿润的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Hundreds of mosses (苔藓) grow...There are many kinds of special animals in cloud forests. For example, tree kangaroos live in trees like monkeys...Frogs have suckers (吸盘) on their toes”可知，云林里的动物植物苔藓、树袋鼠和有吸盘的青蛙，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“people cut down many trees to plant crops or feed cows. The animals are losing their homes.”可知人类砍伐树木，导致动物们失去了家园。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Save the cloud forests before it’s too late!”可知，作者想要呼吁人们关注云林，拯救云林。故选A。 主题01 人与社会——校园设施 Passage 1 （24-25·八年级上·广东省惠州市惠州一中教育集团·期中） How do you get to school? By bus or by bike? Every morning on school days, a large number of students take the school bus to school. It is nothing new to see those big yellow buses driving around. However, school buses were unusual in the past. In 1886, the first school transportation came out. It was a kind of carriage (马车) and did not look like a bus at all. However, between 1900 and 1930, the carriages started to look like a bus. Finally, in 1930, people used metal (金属) to make a bus. And now people are making it safer and more comfortable. Today, the school bus wears a special colour—yellow. Many people ask why it’s yellow. The answer is to make people notice the bus. People can easily see this colour on the road, especially on rainy days. By making the school buses the yellow colour, people can notice these buses on the road more easily to make students much safer. In order to protect students, many schools also use GPS tracking systems (GPS定位追踪系统) to check the location of buses. So the schools can know where the students are. For many students, taking the school bus is their first choice of transportation. So it is safe to say that school buses are a popular and important way to get to school. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By asking questions. D．By comparing numbers. 2．When did the first school transportation come out? A．In 1886. B．In 1900. C．In 1903. D．In 1930. 3．Why do the school buses wear the colour yellow? A．To make the buses beautiful. B．To make students much safer. C．To make people love the buses. D．To make the school well-known. 4．What does the underlined word “location” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Place. B．Driver. C．Colour. D．Number. 5．Which is the best title of the passage? A．How is the school bus? B．How does school bus develop? C．How do students go to school? D．How do students take the school bus? 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了校车的发展历程及其重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据“How do you get to school? By bus or by bike?”可知，作者是通过提问的方式开始文章的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“In 1886, the first school transportation came out.”可知，第一种校车出现在1886年。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“By making the school buses the yellow colour, people can notice these buses on the road more easily to make students much safer.”可知，校车是黄色的目的是让人们更容易注意到，从而提高学生的安全性。故选B。 4．词义猜测题。根据“many schools also use GPS tracking systems (GPS定位追踪系统) to check the location of buses. So the schools can know where the students are.”可知，学校使用GPS定位追踪系统来检查校车的位置，这样学校就可以知道学生在哪里。故“location”意为“位置”或“地点”。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。根据文章内容，尤其是对校车发展历史的描述，可知文章主要讲述了校车的发展历程。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25·八年级上·广东省深圳市宝安区七校联考·期中） When the midday nap bell rings, Geng Xian from a foreign language school in Shenzhen pulls out the footrest (搁脚板), reclines (靠) on her chair and lies back for a nap with her classmates. Since May 6th, the school has introduced reclining chairs for students to nap during the lunch breaks. The chairs have been used across four grades, with over 100 sets provided for Grade 9. “Before this, I could only rest at my desk for a nap, often leading to my hands and neck uncomfortable. Sometimes I even found myself pressing my eyes against my arms, causing pains,” the 15-year-old Geng complained. “Now, lying down for sleep is very comfortable, just like being at home.” For Wang Tingnuo, lying down to nap has made her want to rest. “I used to nap for about 20 minutes at most before we got up. Now I choose to sleep 10 to 20 minutes earlier with the reclining chair,” she said. She added that the longer sleep time also helps her do better in her afternoon studies. According to Xu Weimin, a sleep expert in Shanghai, lying down for a nap brings physical and mental benefits. “It can relax the muscles and improve blood flow to the brain,” Xu told Xinhua News. However, there has also been some worry about the reclining chairs. “Some students might lean back even during class, so it needs effective (有效的) management,” Chu Peilu, an English teacher said. “But in all, I think it brings more good than bad.” 1．What is TRUE about the reclining chairs in the school? A．Every student has one in their classroom. B．Students can lie on them for a nap in school. C．They are like the common chairs in the classroom. D．They are popular among the schools in Shenzhen now. 2．What does Geng think of lying down on the reclining chair? A．It causes her neck pain. B．It makes her eyes painful. C．It brings her trouble in sleeping. D．It makes her feel like being at home. 3．How long does Wang Tingnuo sleep at noon now? A．About 10 minutes. B．10 to 20 minutes. C．About 20 minutes. D．30 to 40 minutes. 4．What are the benefits of lying down for a nap according to the expert? A．It does good to our body and brain. B．It improves students’ grades greatly. C．It helps students do well in PE class. D．It decreases the blood pressure in our body. 5．What is Chu Peilu’s opinion about sleeping on the reclining chair? A．It brings no good at all. B．It makes students sleepy during class. C．It will be better if with good management. D．It makes some parents worry about children’s nap. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了深圳一所外国语学校为学生提供午休躺椅的情况，包括学生和专家对其的看法和影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“Since May 6th, the school has introduced reclining chairs for students to nap during the lunch breaks.”可知学生可以在学校的躺椅上小憩。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Now, lying down for sleep is very comfortable, just like being at home.”可知Geng认为躺在椅子上睡觉很舒服，就像在家一样。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“I used to nap for about 20 minutes at most before we got up. Now I choose to sleep 10 to 20 minutes earlier with the reclining chair”可知现在中午睡大约30到40分钟。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“According to Xu Weimin, a sleep expert in Shanghai, lying down for a nap brings physical and mental benefits. ‘It can relax the muscles and improve blood flow to the brain,’ Xu told Xinhua News.”可知专家的观点是躺下小憩对身体和大脑有好处。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“ ‘Some students might lean back even during class, so it needs effective (有效的) management,’ Chu Peilu, an English teacher said. ‘But in all, I think it brings more good than bad.’ ”可知Chu Peilu认为需要有效管理，但总体上好处多于坏处。故选C。 主题02 人与社会——问题与建议 Passage 3 （24-25·八年级上·广东省佛山市顺德区·期中） Every day in newspapers and magazines there are articles telling us we should exercise more. And scientists now say that running is one of the best ways to keep fit. It can make you feel better and look better. Some say it can even make you live longer. All you need for running are some comfortable clothes and a pair of sports shoes. You don’t need to buy special clothes but you should get a good pair of sports shoes. And remember—you should always buy shoes for running one size larger than your usual shoes.      Some people find running boring, so go cycling or swimming instead (代替) sometimes. Also, ▲ . It’s very important to rest two or three times a week. You should eat well and drink lots of water but you can still have nice things like chocolate sometimes. Do some leg exercises every week as well, because this makes you stronger and helps you run better. If you’re a beginner, there are lots of ways to make exercise fun. You can join a club or you can exercise with a friend. Another idea is to run in a race. This can give you a justification to train and keep you interested in running. Do it from now on! 1．Why do the scientists say running is one of the best ways to keep fit? A．Make you feel better and look better. B．Make you look better and live longer. C．Make you feel better and live longer D．Make you feel better, look better and live longer. 2．What size of running shoes will you buy if your usual shoes’ size is 26? A．Size 25. B．Size 26. C．Size 27. D．Size 28. 3．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3?” A．you will find it so interesting B．you shouldn’t exercise every day C．you can go cycling with your friends D．they can also help you keep fit 4．What does the underlined word “justification” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Excuse. B．Choice. C．Reason. D．Chance. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．What should we prepare for running. B．How to make you run better. C．Running is so important. D．Some facts and advice about running. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些关于跑步的事实和建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“running is one of the best ways to keep fit. It can make you feel better and look better. Some say it can even make you live longer.”可知，跑步可以让你感觉更好、看起来更好，并且可能让你活得更久。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“you should always buy shoes for running one size larger than your usual shoes.”可知，跑步鞋应该比平时的鞋大一号。如果平时的鞋码是26，那么跑步鞋应该买27码。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据下文“It’s very important to rest two or three times a week.”可知，建议每周休息两到三次，因此可以填入“你不应该每天都锻炼”。故选B。 4．词义猜测题。根据上下文“Another idea is to run in a race. This can give you a justification to train and keep you interested in running.”可知，参加比赛可以给你一个训练的理由，并保持对跑步的兴趣，所以justification表示“理由”。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一些关于跑步的事实和建议。故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市第八十六中学·期中） The smartphone and the computer are two important inventions in our daily life. They help us in many ways, but they may also lead to health problems. First, looking at the screen of your smartphone or computer for too long can make your eyes dry. It is not good for your eyesight. To help your eyes keep healthy, you can follow the “20-20-20” rule—after 20 minutes’ use of eyes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds. Next, other parts of our body could also become worse because of using smartphones. When we write a lot of text messages (信息), we can develop “texting thumbs (拇指)”. It will stop us from holding things well. So we have to exercise our thumbs and fingers from time to time. In addition, smartphones could hurt our brain. One of the biggest problems is that using smartphones can have bad effects on our sleep. Doctors say the screen light keeps us from feeling sleepy. So they advise people not to use smartphones for at least one hour before sleeping. Finally, another serious danger is Internet addiction (瘾). Many people go on the Internet to keep themselves off feeling nervous, sad or lonely. Over time, they may start to be addicted to the Internet and feel worried if they’re not online. One way to work out this problem is to control the time they spend on the Internet. All in all, make sure you follow the above advice to use your smartphone or your computer safely. Also, remember to enjoy your life more than just looking at the screens. 1．What does the first “20” in the “20-20-20” rule in Paragraph 2 mean? A．How long you use your eyes. B．How often you take a break. C．How far you look at things from you. D．How many things you need to do at the break. 2．How many health problems are mentioned in the passage? A．Six. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．To keep off Internet addiction, what does the writer advise us to do? A．Stay away from bad feelings. B．Control the time of using the Internet. C．Use the Internet in a safe place. D．Stop using the Internet. 4．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文讲述了过度使用智能手机和电脑可能会引起的健康问题以及相应的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“you can follow the ‘20-20-20’ rule—after 20 minutes’ use of eyes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds”可知，第一个“20”指的是“用眼时长”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“First, looking at the screen of your smartphone or computer for too long can make your eyes dry.”，第三段“Next, other parts of our body could also become worse because of using smartphones.”，第四段“In addition, smartphones could hurt our brain.”以及第五段“Finally, another serious danger is Internet addiction (瘾).”可知，文中提到了4种健康问题。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“One way to work out this problem is to control the time they spend on the Internet.”可知，为了防止网瘾，作者建议我们控制上网的时间。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。第一段用于引出话题；第二至五段分别讲述了过度使用智能手机和电脑可能会引起的健康问题以及相应的建议；第六段总结全文。故选A。 Passage 5 （24-25·八年级上·广东省珠海市九洲中学教育集团·期中） Everyone has worries (担心). However, too many worries can make you unhealthy. So how do you get out of your worries? Sitting there worrying is meaningless and it can’t solve (解决) your problems, either. Grades at school are often a top worry for kids. If you worry most about grades, try to ask yourself these questions. ●Why are grades important? What do grades mean (意味) to me? ●How do I get ready for class? Do I go over (复习) my notes when there isn’t a text? ●Do I have a good learning environment (环境)? ●Do I try different ways of studying? If your worries are about a fight with your friend, you might write down what you could do. Write a letter to him or her, invite him or her to watch a basketball game, apologize to him or her and so on. Once you have a list of things to do, you could choose one of them and try to get your friends back. And when you are worried, don’t be afraid to speak it out. It is not a bad idea to ask someone else for help. You can find someone to talk to, such as your parents, friends, teachers and so on. They can give you some advice on how to solve the problems or cool you down. What’s more, try to learn the ways to relax. Going for a run, listening to some quiet music are also good ways to help you relax. When you are relaxed, you can think clearly about the ways to solve your problems. 1．What may happen if we worry too much? A．We may be afraid of making friends. B．We may lose our friends. C．We may do badly in our schoolwork. D．We may have health problems. 2．What does the underlined word “apologize” in the passage mean? A．Say hello. B．Say thanks. C．Say sorry. D．Say goodbye. 3．What CAN’T we learn from the passage? A．Having worries is common for people. B．Sitting there worrying can’t help solve problems. C．Sharing your problems with others can be helpful. D．The writer talks about three ways to help us get relaxed. 4．Why should we learn to relax? A．Because it makes us study better. B．Because it helps us get a clear mind. C．Because being relaxed is necessary when we make friends. D．Because we should relax to enjoy our life. 5．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．the reasons why we become worried B．the results of being worried C．ways to solve the worries D．different worries between children and grown-ups 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了当有烦恼时应如何解决的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, too many worries can make you unhealthy.”可知，如果我们担心得太多，我们可能有健康问题。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“If your worries are about a fight with your friend, you might write down what you could do. Write a letter to him or her, invite him or her to watch a basketball game, apologize to him or her and so on.”可知，如果你担心的是和朋友吵架，你可以给对方写一封信，邀请对方看篮球比赛，向对方道歉等等，所以划线部分的含义是“道歉”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Everyone has worries (担心).”可知，忧虑对人们来说很常见，A项提及；根据第一段中的“Sitting there worrying is meaningless and it can’t solve (解决) your problems, either.”可知，坐在那里担心无助于解决问题，B项提及；根据最后一段中的“And when you are worried, don’t be afraid to speak it out. It is not a bad idea to ask someone else for help. You can find someone to talk to, such as your parents, friends, teachers and so on. They can give you some advice on how to solve the problems or cool you down.”可知，与他人分享你的问题可能会有所帮助，C项提及；D项“作者谈到了三种帮助我们放松的方法。”，文章并没有提及。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“When you are relaxed, you can think clearly about the ways to solve your problems.”可知，当你放松的时候，你可以清楚地思考解决问题的方法。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Everyone has worries (担心). However, too many worries can make you unhealthy. So how do you get out of your worries?”并通读全文可知，本文主要讲处理担忧的方法。故选C。 Passage 6 （24-25·八年级上·广东省佛山市里水中学·期中） School backpacks have been a hot topic in China recently. Some Chinese parents buy hard cover school back-packs from Japan, although they can be as expensive as 5, 000 yuan, reports Chinese newspaper Urban Express. These backpacks are popular because the hard cover helps hold books in place. This can help kids keep their balance and protect their spines（脊柱）. But in fact, the bags can hardly fit in the students’ desks. A good backpack is important for children’s health. “It can relieve（减轻pressure from the shoulders,” says Dr. Rob Danoff from the US. He also says students need a backpack that’s made for the child’s size. Cushioned（加垫的）backs and shoulder straps（带子）will help them keep the pain away. However, the biggest problem for school backpacks is that they are too heavy, noted Hou Weiguang, a doctor in Chengdu. In China, students have many textbooks and exercise books. “The weight makes many kids suffer from side-bending（侧弯的）spines,” Hou said. He suggests that backpack should be no more than 15 percent of a child’s body weight to avoid pain or injury. That means if a student weighs 50 kg, the backpack should be less than 7.5 kg. Parents need to make sure their kids only carry what they need. Schools and governments need to help too, added Zheng Yongshun, an education official from Hong Kong. He said schools should offer locker（储物柜）space and shared books so kids can carry fewer books. 1．Hard cover school backpacks are popular because ________. A．they are made in Japan B．they are quite expensive C．they help protect kids’ spines D．they can perfectly fit into desks 2．In Paragraph 2, the underlined word “it” refers to ________. A．a backpack B．children’s health C．a good backpack D．a healthy body 3．According to Paragraph 2, good backpacks should ________. A．have cushioned backs B．put pressure on shoulders C．be smaller than children D．have shorter shoulder straps 4．According to Hou, the weight of a backpack should be ________. A．less than 15 percent of a child’s body weight B．no more than 50 percent of a child’s body weight C．no more than 50 kg D．less than 7.5 kg 5．The purpose of last paragraph is to offer tips on ________. A．how to choose good backpacks B．how to reduce the weight of backpacks C．how to encourage students to share books D．how to design lockers for students 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了如今孩子书包过于沉重的问题，以及我们该如何解决这个问题。 1．细节理解题。根据文中第一段“These backpacks are popular because the hard cover helps hold books in place. This can help kids keep their balance and protect their spines（脊柱）.”（这些背包很受欢迎，因为硬皮有助于把书放在适当的地方。这可以帮助孩子保持平衡，保护他们的脊椎。）可知书包很受欢迎是因为它们有助于保护孩子的脊椎，故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据前文“A good backpack is important for children’s health.”可知讲了“A good backpack”，此处的“it”应指“A good backpack”，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Cushioned（加垫的）backs and shoulder straps（带子）will help them keep the pain away.”可知好的背包应该有软垫，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据文中“He suggests that backpack should be no more than 15 percent of a child’s body weight to avoid pain or injury. That means if a student weighs 50 kg, the backpack should be less than 7.5 kg.”（他建议，背包的重量不应超过孩子体重的15%，以免疼痛或受伤。这意味着，如果一个学生体重50公斤，背包应该小于7.5公斤。）可知书包重量不应超过孩子体重的15%，故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据文中“He said schools should offer locker（储物柜）space and shared books so kids can carry fewer books.”（他说，学校应该提供储物柜和共享图书的空间，这样孩子们就可以少带书了。）可知最后一段提出了如何减少孩子书包重量的建议，故选B。 主题03 人与社会——人类文明与记录 Passage 7 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市第八十六中学·期中） Eleven and TwelveThe number “eleven” comes from the German word “ainlif”, which means “one left” in English. Twelve follows the same rule. It comes from “twalif” — “two left”. Why did people use “teen” instead of “lif” from 13 to 19? We still don’t know. 42.195 Kilometres in a Marathon (马拉松)The story began with an ancient Greek soldier, Pheidippides. Once his country won a big war (战争) and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens (雅典). He ran so fast that he died after telling people the news. To remember Pheidippides, the first modern marathon in the first Olympic Games started in 1896. It was about 40 km from Marathon to Athens. But people for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something different. They made it 42.195 km. And since 1924, the number 42.195 has been kept in marathon. 28 Days in FebruaryBefore the calendar (历法) we use today, one of the first Roman calendars had only 304 days and ten months (March through December), with six months of 30 days and four of 31 days. The second king of Rome changed the old calendar. He added 50 days for January and February. To make the new months longer, he took one day from each of the 30-day months, and then made 56 days to divide between January and February (28 days each). Later January was given one more day to add up to 355 days a year, but February still had 28 days. That’s how it became the shortest month. 1．Which language do eleven and twelve come from? A．English. B．German. C．French. D．Russian. 2．The marathon became longer at London Olympic Games because ______. A．the British was bad at Maths B．the British didn’t like the Greek story C．the British wanted to run longer D．the British wanted to make it different 3．What can we know from the passage? A．People have found out why 13—19 didn’t follow the rule of twelve. B．There used to be 340 days a year in the first Roman calendars. C．Pheidippides ran from Marathon to Athens to carry the good news. D．February has become the longest month in a year. 4．What is the purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To show the use of some numbers. B．To tell the stories of some numbers. C．To give advice on how to count numbers. D．To introduce where the numbers come from. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一则关于数字、马拉松和日历计算法的短文。 1．细节理解题。根据表格第一栏“The number ‘eleven’ comes from the German word ‘ainlif’, which means ‘one left’ in English. Twelve follows the same rule.”可知，数字11和12来自德语。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据表格第二栏“But people for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something different.”可知，1908年伦敦奥运会的组织者想要添加一些不同的东西。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据表格第二栏“The story began with an ancient Greek soldier, Pheidippides. Once his country won a big war and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens.”可知，费迪庇得斯从马拉松跑到雅典去传达这个好消息，选项C表述正确。故选C。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是一则关于数字、马拉松和日历计算法的短文，是讲了一些数字的故事。故选B。 Passage 8 （24-25·八年级上·广东省广州市第一中学·期中） The Mayan number system appeared in the fourth century, which was about 1,000 years earlier than the time when the European number system was created. It is different from the Arabic number system with a base 10. The Mayan system had a base 20. This system is believed to have been used because the Mayans lived in such a warm area and there was hardly a need to wear shoes. 20 was the total number of fingers and toes, so the system was workable. Therefore, there were two important numbers in this system. Besides 20, the other important number is 5, which had a connection with the number of fingers and toes on one hand or foot. The Mayan system used two symbols (符号). A dot (.) was used to mean the units (one to four) and a dash (—) meant five. The Mayans were also the first to create symbols of nothing (or zero). The most common symbol was that of a shell () but there were several other symbols (e.g. a head) . It is interesting to learn that with all of the great experts on Maths and scientists in ancient Greece and Rome, it was the Mayan Indians who came up with this symbol zero or nothing. The following picture is a form of different numbers and how they would have been written. From further study, people found that the 360 day calendar (日历) also came from the Mayan. They actually used base 18 when they made the calendar. Each month included 20 days with 18 months in a year. This left five days at the end of the year which was month in itself, full of danger and bad luck. In this way, the Mayans had invented the 365 day calendar. 1．What does the underlined “It” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．The European number system. B．The Mayan number system. C．The Arabic number system. D．The Mayan symbol system. 2．Why could the Mayan system be used at that time? A．People lived in such a warm area that they didn’t need to count numbers. B．People believed that they hardly used their fingers or toes to count numbers. C．People thought the number of fingers and toes was enough to count numbers. D．People found that they could use the days in a year of a calendar to count numbers. 3．Which of the following symbols means sixteen? A． B． C． D． 4．What can we learn from the article? A．The Mayan number system had a base 10. B．All number systems had the same symbols. C．There were only 360 days in the Mayan calendar. D．The symbol of zero first appeared in the Mayan number system. 5．Where can you probably find the article? A．A diary. B．An encyclopedia. C．A travel guide. D．A geography magazine. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要阐述的是数字的起源和数字的不同体系。 1．词义猜测题。根据“The Mayan number system appeared in the fourth century...It is different from the Arabic number system with a base 10. The Mayan system had a base 20.”可知，代词“It”指代的是“The Mayan number system”，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“This system is believed to have been used because the Mayans lived in such a warm area and there was hardly a need to wear shoes. 20 was the total number of fingers and toes, so the system was workable.”可知，玛雅数字系统之所以能够使用，是因为人们认为手指和脚趾的总数足够计数，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“A dot (.) was used to mean the units (one to four) and a dash (—) meant five.”可知，数字16由3个“5”和1个“1”组成，所以需要3个“—”和1个“.”，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“The Mayans were also the first to create symbols of nothing (or zero).”可知，零的符号最早出现在玛雅数字系统。故选D。 5．推理判断题。本文主要阐述的是数字的起源和数字的不同体系，所以在百科全书中出现比较恰当，故选B。 Passage 9 （24-25·八年级上·广东省韶关市翁源县·期中） Did you read the book Guinness World Records (《吉尼斯世界纪录》) before? From the world’s heaviest person and the oldest woman to the world’s smallest dog, there are all parts of the strangest (最奇怪的) people and things. And they are all in the Guinness World Records. It’s always one of the best-selling books in the world. People now can break over 1,000 records every week. Why do so many people want to break the records? “It gives people a chance to show they’re the best in the world,” said one of the record keepers Stewart Newport. The book was started by Hugh Beaver from the United Kingdom. In 1951, he went shooting (射击) birds and talked with his friends about the fastest bird in Europe. Three years later, they started a book to record world’s greatest people and things in it. One of the books was published soon. There are twelve parts in this book. It talks about the natural world, people’s achievements, sports and other things. This book has a lot of interesting records. Here are two: The world’s smallest dog is only 10 cm long. An American woman has the longest fingernails (指甲). They grew as long as 600 mm. 1．What can you know by reading the book Guinness World Records? A．Good food. B．Strange people. C．Beautiful places. D．Interesting movies. 2．How many records can people break every month? A．1,000. B．23000. C．3,000. D．4,000. 3．Why do many people want to break the records? A．They want to keep the worlds smallest dog. B．They want to know which birds are the fastest. C．They want to show they’re the best in the world. D．They want to come out one of the books on Tuesday. 4．What does the underlined word “was published” in paragraph 3 mean? A．came out B．grew up C．got lost D．ran away 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．The world’s smallest dog. B．The world’s greatest man. C．The book Guinness World Records. D．People who broke world records. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了吉尼斯世界纪录。 1．细节理解题。根据“From the world’s heaviest person and the oldest woman to the world’s smallest dog, there are all parts of the strangest (最奇怪的) people and things.”可知，吉尼斯世界纪录书中记录了世界上最奇怪的人和事。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“People now can break over 1,000 records every week”可知，每周可以打破超过1000项记录，一个月大约有4周，所以每月可以打破约4000项记录。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“It gives people a chance to show they’re the best in the world,”可知，许多人想要打破记录是因为他们想展示自己是世界上最好的。故选C。 4．词义猜测题。根据“One of the books was published soon. There are twelve parts in this book.”可知，后文提到了书中有12个部分，因此划线词指的是“出版”，与“came out”同义。故选A。 5．标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了《吉尼斯世界纪录》这本书，因此选项C适合作为文章标题。故选C。 主题04 人与自然——动物 Passage 10 （24-25·八年级上·广东省深圳市33校联考·期中） Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects, and you’ll find many unbelievable things. Think about butterflies, for example. They have beautiful colourful wings and strong fantastic flying skills. In summer, you can see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields. But do you know how butterflies become flying insects? It’s one of the amazing wonders of nature. In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colourful egg on a leaf or stem (茎) of a plant. It’s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It turns into a walking insect. This insect is called a caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life has begun. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see, but it is still not a butterfly. Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in a protective blanket (保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage is known as the “pupa (蛹)” stage. After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colourful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away. After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins all over again. This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look into the woods and mountains and see what you can find next. 1．What is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．Butterflies are a kind of insect. B．Butterflies are good at flying. C．Butterflies have colourful wings. D．Butterflies have a good sense of smell. 2．What is the right order of the development of a butterfly? ①It becomes a pupa.    ②It becomes a walking insect. ③Female butterflies lay an egg.    ④It spreads wings and flies away. A．①②③④ B．①②④③ C．③②①④ D．③②④① 3．What’s the structure of this passage? (①=Paragraph 1  ②=Paragraph 2,…) A． B． C． D． 4．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．Nature is quite amazing. B．The life cycle of a butterfly is amazing. C．A butterfly has a short life. D．A butterfly is a beautiful insect. 5．Where can you probably find this text? A．In a fashion magazine. B．In a nature magazine. C．In a guidebook. D．In a story book. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述蝴蝶生命中的几个阶段。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Take a close look at the world of insects, and you’ll find many unbelievable things. Think about butterflies, for example.”可知，A项提及；根据第一段中的“They have beautiful colourful wingsand strong fantastic flying skills.”可知，B项和C项提及。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colourful egg on a leaf or stem (茎) of a plant.”可知，③排第一；根据第三段中的“It’s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It turns into a walking insect.”可知，②排第二；根据第四段中的“This stage is known as the ‘pupa (蛹)’ stage.”可知，①排第三；根据倒数第二段中的“Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colourful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away.”可知，④排最后。故选C。 3．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，①为总起，举例说明大自然中的昆虫世界很神奇，引出下文；②③④⑤介绍了蝴蝶从卵变成蝴蝶的过程；⑥为总结，介绍了自然世界中还有很多神奇的东西。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins all over again.”并通读全文可知，本文主要讲述蝴蝶生命中的几个阶段。故选B。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述蝴蝶生命中的几个阶段，属于自然范畴。故选B。 主题05 人与社会——文化，科技与生活 Passage 11 （24-25·八年级上·广东省东莞市常平镇·期中） Recently, a video game named Black Myth: Wukong has been a great hit all over the world. Black Myth is China’s first AAA video game. Why is it so popular? It is because of the Chinese culture inside it. Wukong is a main character from Journey to the West, a Chinese classic god-evil novel written 500 years ago. “Chinese god-evil stories are fantastic themselves. No one would dislike them once they start to learn about them. And my game just opens a window.” Said Feng Ji, the game’s producer. For this reason, although players from other countries were not fans of Chinese culture, they are now “hard-working” on every detail (细节) of the novel. For almost the first time, the world tries actively to understand Chinese culture. The beautiful scenes (风景) in the game are also attractive. Among the 36 places that appear in the game, 27 are real in Shanxi Province. Take the Hanging Temple for example. It was built nearly 1,600 years ago and truly hangs on a steep cliff (峭壁). Players are amazed when they realize it is a true attraction. An American player said, “China is rich in culture and stories. I hope we can get more like this. I would love to go to China some day.” 1．What makes the game so popular? A．The first AAA video game. B．The special game character. C．The Chinese culture. D．The popularity among people. 2．Why does the world try to understand Chinese culture for the first time? A．Because game players are interested in the Chinese culture in the game. B．Because Journey to the West has fans all over the world. C．Because players from other countries are always very hard-working. D．Because god-evil stories are so interesting and fantastic. 3．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “attractive” ? A．large B．meaningful C．enjoyable D．common 4．What’s the structure (结构) of this passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What is the best title for this news? A．The hit of Journey to the West. B．The way to be top game players. C．The first AAA video game. D．Chinese culture in a popular video game. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了一款名为《黑神话：悟空》的视频游戏，它融合了中国文化元素，特别是《西游记》中的孙悟空角色，以及游戏中展现的美丽真实场景，吸引了全球玩家的关注和喜爱，促进了世界对中国文化的了解。 1．细节理解题。根据“Black Myth is China’s first AAA video game. Why is it so popular? It is the Chinese culture inside it.”可知，人们因为中国文化而谈论这个游戏。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“For this reason, although players from other countries were not fans of Chinese culture, they are now ‘hard-working’ on every detail (细节) of the novel. For almost the first time, the world tries actively to understand Chinese culture.”可知，游戏玩家被游戏中的中国文化所吸引，因此世界几乎第一次积极尝试了解中国文化。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Take the Hanging Temple for example. It was built nearly 1,600 years ago and truly hangs on a steep cliff (峭壁). Players are amazed when they realize it is a true attraction.”可知，游戏中美丽的场景也很吸引人，attractive与enjoyable“令人愉快的”意思相近。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。第一段介绍《黑神话：悟空》游戏的全球热度及其背后的原因；第二段和第三段详细阐述《黑神话：悟空》如何通过中国文化元素吸引玩家；第四段介绍玩家的反馈和对中国文化的兴趣，结构如选项B所示。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了一款融合中国文化的视频游戏——《黑神话：悟空》，因此选项D“流行视频游戏中的中国文化”最适合作为本文的标题。故选D。 Passage 12 （24-25·八年级上·广东省佛山市南海区·期中） THE MAGAZINE SHOP      DISCOVER      LOGIN  REGISTER  STAY CURIOUS  SUBSCRIBE TECHNOLOGY  ｜  PEOPLE  ｜  PHONES  ｜  LIFE  ｜  GEOGRAPHY  ｜  MOVIES 11-year-old Wu Zeyin is a student from Hubei. He made a phone app called Farm Assistant on his own. With the help of the app, farmers in Botswana, a country in Southern Africa, can make their work much easier. Seven years ago, Wu and his family moved to Botswana. During their time there, Wu found some problems in local supermarkets. First, there were not many kinds of fruit and vegetables for sale and they were not good. Second, some vegetables weren’t ripe (熟的) but still very expensive. Wu wanted to do something to work out these problems. After hard work, he finally made a useful app. The app teaches farmers in Botswana to grow eight different vegetables. Farmers can click on a vegetable’s picture to learn about its planting information—watering needs, ripening time, seed (种子) price, selling price and so on. After planting the seeds, farmers can also know what to do through the app. It can help the farmers a lot. This app is very helpful to the farmers in Botswana. Now, Wu is working to make it better. He said, “I hope to use technology (技术) to make a difference to more people’s lives.” Wu Zeyin thinks that: Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day; teach him how to fish and you feed him for a lifetime. 1．What can we know about Wu Zeyin from Paragraph One? A．He is a middle school student. B．He invented the app without any help. C．He wanted his app to help farmers in China. D．His app can help farmers sell more products. 2．What is a problem in local supermarkets in Botswana? A．Some vegetables were good but cost a lot. B．Few people wanted to buy fruit and vegetables. C．The fruit and vegetables were not good enough. D．There were too many fruits and vegetables for sale. 3．What can farmers get from the app? A．The right time to plant a vegetable. B．The best place to sell their vegetables. C．The cheapest place to get vegetable seeds. D．Some information of different plants and fruits. 4．What price does the app advise farmers to sell tomatoes at? A．8 pulas/kilo. B．16 pulas/kilo. C．20 pulas/kilos. D．25 pulas/kilos. 5．What do you think of the boy Wu Zeyin? A．Patient. B．Strict. C．Poor. D．Helpful. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了11岁的吴泽胤是一名来自湖北的学生，他开发了一个手机应用程序帮助博茨瓦纳的农民让他们的工作更容易。 1．细节理解题。根据“He made a phone app called Farm Assistant on his own.”可知，吴泽胤自己开发的手机应用程序，没有借助任何帮助。故选B。 124．细节理解题。根据“First, there were not many kinds of fruit and vegetables for sale and they were not good.”可知，博茨瓦纳的超市没有足够好的水果和蔬菜。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Farmers can click on a vegetable’s picture to learn about its planting information—watering needs, ripening time, seed (种子) price, selling price and so on.”可知，这个应用程序可以告诉农民种植蔬菜的正确时间。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据图片中的“Selling price: 16 pulas each kilo”可知，每公斤16普拉。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“He made a phone app called Farm Assistant on his own. With the help of the app, farmers in Botswana, a country in Southern Africa, can make their work much easier.”可知，他是乐于助人的。故选D。 Passage 13 （24-25·八年级上·广东省东莞市东莞中学·期中） AI（人工智能） makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see some amazing AIs. Cool driverless（无人驾驶的）bus Apolong is a driverless bus. Its door will open to you by itself. The bus can hold 14 people and doesn’t need a driver. It follows traffic rules. It stops every time when it sees a stop light. Your close friend Xiaoice is a robot. If you feel lonely, you can talk with it. It is good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. You can make friends with it! World’s first AI anchor（主播） See this picture! The famous Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news. But “he” is not the real Qiu Hao. It is the world’s first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It speaks both Chinese and English. It can work 24 hours without any mistakes. Popular AI artist A beautiful painting was sold for about 3, 000, 000 yuan in 2018. But it isn’t a work by a famous painter, such as Vincent van Gogh. An AI artist painted it. The AI artist imitated（临摹） over 15, 000 works to learn to paint. Now it is one of the most popular artists in the world. 1．We can know that Apolong ________. A．has no drivers in it B．opens the door by the passenger C．has 24 seats in it D．can’t stop when it sees a stop light 2．Xiaoice can do the following things EXCEPT ________. A．going out to play with you B．talking with you if you feel lonely C．being your friend D．singing, writing poems and telling stories 3．The AI anchor ________. A．looks like a woman B．can only speak English C．can work 24 hours without mistakes D．is the first robot in the world 4．What can we know about the painting? A．Vincent Van Gogh painted it. B．It was sold for about 3, 000, 000 yuan in 2018. C．The AI artist imitated it. D．It is the most popular painting in the world. 5．This passage is probably from ________. A．a travel guide B．a story book C．a school report D．a science magazine 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了神奇的人工智能。 1．细节理解题。根据左上表格中“Cool driverless（无人驾驶的）bus Apolong is a driverless bus.”可知，Apolong是一款无人驾驶巴士。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据右上表格中“Xiaoice is a robot. If you feel lonely, you can talk with it. It’s good at singing, writing poems and telling stories. You can make friends with it!”可知，Xiaoice是一个机器人。如果你感到孤独，你可以和它说话。它擅长唱歌、写诗和讲故事。你可以和它交朋友！故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据左下表格中“It can work 24 hours without any mistakes.”可知，它可以工作24小时，不犯任何错误。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据右下表格中“A beautiful painting was sold for about 3, 000, 000 yuan in 2018.”可知，它在2018年的售价约为300万元。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据表格上边“AI（人工智能）makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see some amazing AIs.”可知，这篇文章可能来自科学杂志。故选D。 Passage 14 （24-25·八年级上·广东省深圳市33校联考·期中） A new and exciting way of doing weather forecasts is here! China’s television station now uses high-tech simulations (虚拟) to create realistic scenes in the studio. In a recent video about Super Typhoon Yagi, people watched as strong winds blew the weather reporter’s umbrella away and a “tree” was uprooted. This new way of forecasting weather helps people understand how serious storms can be. China Media Group Mobile made this video to warn people about the dangers of Super Typhoon Yagi and to tell them how to stay safe. But people were surprised by how real the video looked. The weather reporter started by talking about the weather. Then, she moved to a street with heavy winds and rain, created by extended (拓展) reality (XR) technology. XR is a group of technologies that includes augmented (增强) reality (AR), virtual (虚拟) reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR). The video showed different things that could happen during a typhoon, like trees falling and umbrellas blown away. It made people feel like they were really there, experiencing the typhoon. With XR technology, the scenes looked real and helped people learn about the dangers of extreme (极端的) weather. Many people who watched the video said they loved the new way of doing weather forecasts because it helped them understand better. Super Typhoon Yagi was the strongest autumn typhoon to hit the Chinese mainland since 1949. It caused a lot of damage and problems for people. The new way of doing weather forecasts helps people see how serious extreme weather can be. 1．What happened to the weather reporter’s umbrella in the weather forecast video? A．It turned inside out. B．It broke in the wind. C．It flew out of her hand. D．It didn’t open. 2．What new technology is being used for weather forecasts in China? A．Virtual Reality (VR) B．Augmented Reality (AR). C．Mixed Reality (MR). D．Extended Reality (XR). 3．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．The weather reporters. B．The people who watched the video. C．The people in the video. D．The China Media Group Mobile. 4．What was the purpose of the Super Typhoon Yagi weather forecast video? A．To warn people about the dangers of the typhoon. B．To show off the power of XR technology. C．To make people happy with new technology. D．To show us the strongest autumn typhoon. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．The development of XR technology B．The new way of doing weather forecasts C．The ability of the weather reporter D．The dangers of Super Typhoon Yagi 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国电视台采用高科技模拟技术来预报天气，使人们能够更清楚地了解极端天气的危害。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“In a recent video about Super Typhoon Yagi, people watched as strong winds blew the weather reporter’s umbrella away and a ‘tree’ was uprooted.”可知，天气报道记者的雨伞被强风刮走了，也就是从她手中飞了出去。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“With XR technology, the scenes looked real and helped people learn about the dangers of extreme weather. Many people who watched the video said they loved the new way of doing weather forecasts because it helped them understand better.”可知，利用XR技术，这些场景看起来很真实，并帮助人们了解极端天气的危险。许多观看视频的人表示，他们喜欢这种预报天气的新方式，因为这有助于他们更好地理解天气。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段“The video showed different things that could happen during a typhoon, like trees falling and umbrellas blown away. It made people feel like they were really there, experiencing the typhoon.”可知，这段视频展示了台风期间可能发生的不同情况，比如树木倒下，雨伞被吹走。它让人们感觉他们真的在那里，经历台风。所以，此处“they”指的是观看视频的人们。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“This new way of forecasting weather helps people understand how serious storms can be.”可知，这种预报天气的新方法有助于人们了解风暴的严重程度，警告人们台风的危险。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国电视台采用高科技模拟技术来预报天气，使人们能够更清楚地了解极端天气的危害。故选B。 Passage 15 （24-25·八年级上·广东省深圳市33校联考·期中） Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen… Do you know where these names of Chinese space programs come from? Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after the Monkey King, a Chinese superhero. According to Journey to the West, the Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as the Monkey King, helping scientists search for dark matter in space. The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths (神话) this is the home of Tian Di (Heavenly Emperor). Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong, so they can work together in the future. Tianwen, China’s Mars mission (火星任务), is named after the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan, a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he asked the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for the truth. Perhaps the Tianwen mission will help answer some of Qu Yuan’s questions. If you look into more Chinese space programs, you will find that their names all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream, so the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously. 1．How does the writer introduce the topic in Paragraph 1? A．By listing a number. B．By giving an example. C．By asking a question. D．By answering a question. 2．What does the underlined word “evil” mean? A．Honesty. B．Badness. C．Kindness. D．Ugliness. 3．What do the satellite Wukong and the Monkey King have in common (相似)? A．They’re both sharp-eyed. B．They’re both superheroes. C．They both help with scientific studies. D．They both help the good and punish the bad. 4．What is Tiangong used for? A．It’s used for searching dark matter. B．It’s used to explore (探索) Mars. C．It’s used to send astronauts to space. D．It’s used as a home for the astronauts in space. 5．Why do we take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously? A．We want to land on Mars. B．We want to protect the Earth. C．We have the hunger for truth. D．We have a dream for space. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen… Do you know where these names of Chinese space programs come from?”可知，文章是以问问题来开篇的。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“According to Journey to the West, the Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil.”及常识可知，根据《西游记》，孙悟空有一双锐利的眼睛，可以分辨善恶，所以划线部分的含义是“邪恶”，所以B项符合。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as the Monkey King, helping scientists search for dark matter in space.”可知，卫星悟空和孙悟空的共同之处在于两者都有着锐利的眼睛。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space.”可知，天宫空间站是中国宇航员的太空家园。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream, so the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.”可知，我们认真对待中国太空计划的命名，因为我们有一个太空梦想。故选D。 2 / 48 1 / 48 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $