内容正文:
UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
[Part 1 巧记·课标单词]
写作单词|悉其识
1. circumstance n.条件;环境;状况
2. vital adj. 必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的
3. acknowledge vt. 承认(权威、属实等);(公开)感谢
4. defeat n. 失败;挫败
vt. 击败;战胜
5. apparently adv.显而易见;看来;显然
6. insist vt.&vi. 坚持;坚决要求
7. novelist n. 小说家
8. found vt. 创建;建立; 把……建立在
9. politician n. 从政者;政治家;政客
10. encounter vt. 偶然碰到;遇到
n. 邂逅;遭遇
拓展单词|通其用
1. commit vt.承诺;保证vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的
2. academy n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院;学会;专科院校→academic adj.学业的;学术的
3. objective n.目标;目的adj.客观的→object n.物体;宾语→subjective n.主格adj.主观的;主语的
4. evaluate vt.评价;评估→evaluation n.评价;评估
5. scientific adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的→science n.科学→scientist n.科学家
6. conclusion n.结论;推论→conclude vt.推断;得出结论
7. extraordinary adj.不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的→ordinary adj.普通的;平常的
8. institution n.社会公共机构;制度;习俗→institute n.(教育、专业等)机构;机构建筑
9. consequence n.结果;后果→consequent adj.作为结果的;由……而起的
10. professor n.教授→profession n.职业 →professional adj.职业的;专业的n.专家;专业人员
阅读单词|明其义
1.property n. 性质;特征;财产
2.obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得;赢得 vi. (规章、习俗等)存在;流行
3.substance n. 物质;物品;事实根据
4.crucial adj. 至关重要的;关键性的
5.numerous adj. 众多的;许多的
6.relativity n. 相对论;相对性
7.genius n. 天才;天资;天赋
8.remarkable adj. 非凡的;显著的
9.device n. 方法;技巧;装置;仪器
10.passion n. 酷爱;激情
[Part 2 妙记·核心短语]
1. come_to_power (开始)掌权;上台
2. insist_on 坚决要求
3. sum_up 总结;概括
4. take_up_a_position 担任;任职
5. commit_oneself 承诺;保证
1.wear and tear 磨损;损耗
2.in the beginning 起初;刚开始时
3.risk one's life 冒着……的生命危险
4.according to 根据……
[Part 3 速记·经典句式]
典型句式
教材原句
1.not...but...
From this, he concluded that the crucial problem in China was not_ physical illness, but (不是……而是) the spiritual illness of people at that time.
2.as/though引导方式状语从句
He had a thick moustache and long white hair,which sometimes stood on end as_though (好像) he had just received an electric shock.
3.upon/on doing sth....
“一……就……”
Upon_hearing (一……就……) that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine...”
1.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢
►[教材对接P2] However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge (承认) defeat.
[语境练悟]——单句语法填空
①He acknowledged having_been_defeated (defeat) at last.
②In acknowledgement (acknowledge) of her help,he presented her with a computer.
[考点归纳]——知识生成
(1)It is acknowledged that... ……是大家公认的
acknowledge sb./sth.as/to be 承认某人/事……
acknowledge that... 承认……
acknowledge doing sth. 承认做了某事
(2)acknowledgement n. 承认;答谢
in acknowledgement of... 为了感谢……
[链接写作]——完成句子
③He acknowledged that he_had_been_defeated_ at last.
他承认最后他被击败。
2.insist vi.&vt.坚持;坚决要求
►[教材对接P3] Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.
[语境练悟]——单句语法填空
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers.
②Mary insisted that she was (be) right but her mother insisted that she (should)_say (say) sorry to Annie.
[考点归纳]——知识生成
(1)insist that...表示“坚持认为……;坚决要求……”。
(2)insist on (doing) sth.表示“坚持(做)某事”。
(3)insist that...表示“坚持认为,坚持说”时,后跟的宾语从句用陈述语气;表示“坚决要求,坚决主张”时,后跟的宾语从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词要用“(should+)动词原形”,should可以省略。
[链接写作]—— 句型转换
③They insisted that he (should) be present at the ceremony.
→ They insisted_on_his being present at the ceremony.
3.conclusion n.结论;推论
►[教材对接P4] Did you come to any conclusions (conclude )?
[语境练悟]——单句语法填空
①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter.
②(2025·全国二卷)Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zerowaste systems, but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion (conclude).
③She concluded her performance with a poem.
[考点归纳]——知识生成
bring ...to a conclusion 使……结束
come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论
in conclusion 最后
conclude vt.& vi. 结束;推断出
conclude...with... 以……结束……
[链接写作]——补全句子
④From these facts we can draw_some_conclusions_about how the pyramids were built.
从这些事实我们可以得出一些关于金字塔是如何建造的结论。
4.consequence n.结果;后果
►[教材对接P8] As a consequence (consequent), he had to flee Germany.
[语境练悟]——单句语法填空
①(2025·浙江1月卷)Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences (concequent) of their decisions.
②I was caught in the traffic and in consequence, I was late.
③In consequence of the heavy snow, there was a power off yesterday.
④He withdrew from political life and as a consequence, he was soon forgotten.
[考点归纳]——知识生成
in consequence=as a consequence 结果
in consequence of=as a consequence of作为……的结果
consequent adj. 由……而起的;随之发生的
consequently adv. 因此;所以;结果
[链接写作]——补全句子
⑤I wonder if parents should always tell the truth no_matter_the_consequences .
我想知道父母是否应该总是说出真相,无论后果如何。
1.commit oneself to 承诺;保证(做某事、遵守安排等)
►[教材对接P4] A talented scientist well known for his commitment to his country,Huang Danian committed_himself_to (致力于) his research in geophysics.
[语境练悟]——单句语法填空
①(2025·浙江1月卷)Even the most engaged and committed (commit)audience will eventually get bored.
②He has committed himself to the cause of education.
③(2024·浙江1月卷)All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about, let alone commit to_ memory.
④We are committed to improving (improve) services.
[考点归纳]——知识生成
committed adj. 尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的
commitment n. 承诺;投入,奉献;承诺的事
commit...to 把……送交或托付给……;对……做出承诺
commit a crime 犯罪
[链接写作]——补全句子
⑤And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because_of_the_commitment Wilson made to preventing the preventable.
在非洲和亚洲,数千万人能够看见是因为Wilson所做的努力——阻止可预防的事发生。
2.take up a position担任;任职
►[教材对接P8] After spending time in Europe, he finally took_up_a_position (任职) as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA.
[语境练悟]——单句语法填空
①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.
②If you trust him, you will be taken in .
③The reporters took down the speech at once.
[考点归纳]——知识生成
take up 拿起;接受;开始从事;继续;占据(时间、空间)
take down 拿下;取下;记下
take apart 拆开
take in 理解;欺骗;接纳
take off 脱去;起飞;突然受欢迎
take on 呈现;开始雇用
[链接写作]——完成句子
④I was talking with a friend yesterday who took_up_a_position at a startup company.
我昨天正和一个朋友聊天,他在一家新成立的公司任职。
1.过去分词作定语
►[教材对接P2] In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.
[句式分析] 过去分词chosen作名词researchers的后置定语,相当于that were chosen。
[语境练悟]——单句语法填空
①(2023·浙江卷1月)Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called (call) Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel's former national debating champion.
②(2025·全国二卷)Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused (unuse) food?
③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used (use) to grow it.
④(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Volunteers _aged_ (age)10 and over are welcome.
[考点归纳]——知识生成
(1)过去分词作定语通常与所修饰的名词构成被动关系;或表示动作已完成。
(2)过去分词还可以在句中作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、方式等状语。此时过去分词与句中的主语构成被动关系;或表示动作已完成。
[链接写作]——完成句子
⑤Have you read_the_novel_written by Dickens?
你读过狄更斯写的这部小说吗?
2. upon/on doing sth...一……就……
►[教材对接P3] Upon_hearing (一听见) that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine...”
[句式分析] upon/on doing...“当……时;一……就……”,相当于as soon as 引导的时间状语从句。
[语境练悟]——单句语法填空
① Upon/On seeing her, I smiled and ran towards her.
② Immediately (immediate) he arrived,he started telling us what to do.
③I will tell him the minute he gets home.
④ At the sight of the police officer the thief ran off.
[考点归纳]——知识生成
(1)一些表示短暂性动作的动词,如:arrive, return, reach, hear,see,receive,enter,step,get, leave等,它们相应的名词形式或动名词形式用在upon或on之后可表示“一……就……”。
(2)某些at 引导的介词短语可用来表示“一……就……”,如:at the sight of(一看到),at the thought of(一想到),at the sound of(一听到),at the first opportunity/chance(一有机会)等。
(3)在名词minute,moment和instant前加上定冠词the 也可以引导时间状语从句,表示“一……就……”。
(4)可用副词immediately和directly 来表示“一……就……”,这时,它们所起的作用相当于连词,引导时间状语从句。
[链接写作]——完成句子
⑤ On_arriving_in_a_foreign_country ,we may feel very excited,and everything appears wonderful.
刚到国外的时候,我们会感到很兴奋,一切事情看起来都很美妙。
[基础夯实]
Ⅰ. 根据首字母或汉语提示填空
1.The longer this situation obtains (存在), the more extensive the problems become.
2.Our main objective (目标) was the recovery of the child safe and well.
3.It is of vital (至关重要的) importance that we get there by six o' clock.
4.The next few weeks are going to be crucial (关键性的).
5.Our research attempts to evaluate (评价) the effectiveness of the different drugs.
6.I have distinct (清晰的) memories of him in his last years.
7.The dentist may decide that the wisdom teeth need to be extracted (用力拔出).
8. Boil (煮沸) plenty of salted water,then add the spaghetti.
9.A stream f lowed gently down into the valley.
10.She refuses to _acknowledge (承认) the need for reform.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1.Food and energy are vital to the livelihood,development and stability of all nations.
2.She is_acknowledged (acknowledge) as an expert on the subject now.
3.Six soldiers are reported to have died from wounds.
4.Three professors were asked to make an evaluation (evaluate) of the teaching plan.
5.She has committed herself to_go (go) at once.
6.I asked him to stay for a while,but he insisted on leaving at once.
7.Upon his arrival/arriving (arrive) at the spot, he found that the gypsies had gone.
8.He continued to place safety above all other objectives (objective).
9.He tried his best _to_analyse (analyse) the cause of our failure.
10.The general began to work out his plan for defeating (defeat) the enemy.
Ⅲ. 选择合适的短语并用其适当形式填空
come to power,draw out,in the beginning,commit oneself to, risk one's life,lead to,by chance wear and tear
1.I must go.I have_committed_myself_to the club tonight and the members are expecting me.
2.The fireman risked_his_life_ to save the baby from the burning building.
3.In given conditions,a bad thing can lead_to good results.
4.“No one does very well in this sport in_the_beginning ,”said the counselor.
5.I met a famous actor by_chance on the street.
6.He drew_out his notebook and began to take notes.
7.She won the election and came_to_power last year.
8.Check the equipment for wear_and_tear .
Ⅳ.完成句子
1. Given_the_right_kind_of_training ,these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.
如果给予正确的训练,这些青少年足球运动员有一天也许会成为国际明星。
2. On/Upon_arriving in Beijing,he came to visit us.
一到达北京,他来拜访我们。
3.She walked slowly as_if_she_had_hurt her leg.
她走得很慢,似乎腿受伤了。
4. It wasn't within_my_power to help her.
帮助她并非我力所能及之事。
5.Everybody attended the_meeting_held_last_week .
所有的人都参加了上星期举行的会议。
[素养提升]
语法填空
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点,请按要求补全短文,并背诵体会黑体部分用法。
Born in Ningbo, in 1930,Tu Youyou 1. graduated (graduate) from Peking University Medical School in 1955 and then worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. She joined a team of scientists 2. with_ the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria in 1967 and two years 3. later (late),she was appointed the head of the project. She and her team decided 4. to_review (review) ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional botanical treatments for the disease and they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese 5. medical (medicine) treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.
One medical text from the fourth century suggested 6. using (use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. They did repeated experiments and 7. finally (final) found a substance by lowering the temperature to draw out the extract. After many 8. failures (fail) they at last found artemisinin 9. which_ soon became a standard treatment for malaria and has saved millions of lives worldwide.For this,Tu Youyou 10. was_awarded (award) the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015.
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