内容正文:
形容词与副词的相关考点
——八上Unit 3 比较级&Unit 4 最高级
一、复习adj./adv.常见用法
1.形容词adj.(……的)
①放在名词前作定语
a beautiful girl
②放在系动词后作表语
look beautiful
③放在动宾后作宾补
make me happy
keep the room clean
④the + adj.表一类人
the old/young/poor/rich
2.副词adv.(……地)
①修饰行为动词(放在v后,或句子末尾)
laugh happily
②修饰形容词、副词(放在被修饰词之前)
really happy/quickly
③修饰整个句子(放在句首,逗号隔开)
Luckily, …….
一、复习adj./adv.常见用法
二、形容词和副词的三个等级
原级:描述单一对象
比较级:两者之间比较
最高级:三者及三者以上比较
(级别虽不同,但基础功能相同)
三、比较级/最高级变化规则
1.规则变化(书P106)
2.不规则变化(书P106)
补充:
older——oldest (人)年龄的大小;(事物)的新旧
old
elder——eldest (家庭成员)长幼;辈分大小
四、形容词和副词比较级的用法
1.什么时候用比较级?
表示两者(人/事物)相比较时
①比较级标志词:than
B is taller than A.
②修饰比较级的词:a little/a bit(一点儿);a lot/much(......得多);even(甚至)等表示程度高低。
C is much taller than me. C比我高得多。
2.基本句型:A+动词+比较级+than B. “A比B更......”
①A + be+形容词比较级+than B.
The sun is bigger than the moon.
②A+实义动词+副词比较级+than B.
Tom runs faster than I (do).
注意⚠️:than前后使用的动词相同时,通常用助动词代替后面的动词或省略后面的动词。
3.常见句型:
①Who/Which+动词+比较级, A or B? “A和B哪个更……”
(人用who,物用which)
Who is taller, A or B?
Who runs faster, Mary or Lucy?
Which is more beautiful, my photo or his photo?
②比较级+and+比较级 (多音节词—more and more+形容词原级) “越来越……”
(表示事物本身程度的逐渐增长)
China is becoming stronger and stronger.
You are more and more beautiful.
3.常见句型
③the+比较级,the+比较级 “越……,越……”
(表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化)
The more you take exercise, the healthier you will be.
④主语+ be + the+形容词比较级+of the two+名词复数. “两者中较……的人/物)”
Mary is the taller of the two children in her family.
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4.比较级表最高级的句型
①主语+动词+比较级+than any other+名词单数.
Jack studies harder than any other student in Class One.
杰克学习比一班任何一个其他学生更努力。
②主语+动词+比较级+than the other+名词复数.
Jack studies harder than the other students in Class One.
杰克学习比一班的其他学生更努力。
5.特别注意⚠️
①比较对象要一致
My hair is longer than yours.(头发与头发比)
②为了避免重复,可用one, that, those或do代替前面出现过的名词或动词。
In winter, the weather in Hainan is warmer than that in Beijing.
He runs faster than I do.
③as+形容词/副词原级+as “和……一样”
not as+形容词/副词原级+as “……不如……”
He is as old as me.他和我一样大。
He is not as old as me.他不如我大。
形容词和副词最高级的用法
二、基本句型
①主语+be +the +adj.最高级+in/of….
My brother is the busiest in my family.
②主语+实义动词+(the)+adv.最高级+in/of….
Mary studies (the) hardest in Class 4.
三、常见句型
①表示“A、B、C哪一个最……”
Which/Who … the +最高级,A,B or C?
Who is the fattest, Tom, Kate or Bill?
Which city do you like (the) best, Beijing, Shanghai or Nanjing?
②表示“最……之一”
主语+be + one of the+ adj.最高级+可数名词复数+in/of….
Chinese is one of the most popular languages in the world.
③与序数词连用,表示“第几最….”
the+序数词+最高级+单数名词
Tom is the second tallest boy in our class.
四、最高级与比较级同义句转换
Tom is the tallest student in our class.
=Tom is taller than any other student in our class.
=Tom is taller than the other students in our class.
五、注意
①最高级前有指示代词/名词所有格/物主代词时,最高级前不加the
She is my best friend.
②最高级前没有the,就不代表比较——“非常;很”
She is a most lovely girl.
③若2个最高级并列修饰同一个名词,后一个最高级前不加the
She is the tallest and youngest girl in her class.
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