专题07 阅读理解（议论文+新闻报道）（期中真题汇编，浙江专用）高二英语上学期

专题07 阅读理解 议论文+新闻报道 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·浙江A9协作体·期中） To appreciate that some questions are better than others, it helps to consider a few examples of questions that are bad. To find them, try playing Twenty Questions with a young child. In trying to guess an animal, a young child might ask: Is it a koala? Is it an elephant? (Not: Is it a mammal? Does it live in Africa?) These are bad questions in the sense that they’re unlikely to supply an efficient solution to the problem of discovering the animal. In the simplified world of Twenty Questions, it’s relatively easy to evaluate what makes a question good or bad. Unfortunately, producing good questions in the real world is often a more complicated affair. For one thing, we don’t always have a single, accurate goal. When we do have some practical goal, being clear about what it is can be a first step towards asking better questions. An article for business people, for example, suggests that in asking questions, it’s important to figure out whether you’ re hoping to confirm what you think you know or to discover something new. But when our aim isn’t to achieve some practical goal, things become murkier still. What, for example, is a good question for basic science? What kind of question promotes self-discovery or insight? And how can we learn to ask better questions in cases like these? Scientist David Stork suggests that just as we teach problem solving, we should teach “question posing” — the art of asking good questions, the questions that lead to further insight and discovery. Asking big, bold, exploratory questions isn’t always rewarded in adulthood. From preschool to high school, children move away from questions motivated by natural curiosity to those motivated by potential applications. Rather than “performing an act of curiosity”, they’re often after the solution to some practical problem. A first step towards asking better questions, then, might be to recognize the intellectual contribution of a question well raised, not just a question well answered. And we might do well to regain some of the youthful curiosity of young children’s questions — not necessarily by asking about koalas and elephants, but by letting some of our questions be guided by our basic curiosity, not only by our immediate goals. 1．Why are a young child’s questions about animals considered “bad”? A．They don’t contribute to working out the answer. B．They are not motivated by curiosity. C．They are based on guesses rather than practical goals. D．They are simple to answer. 2．What may be a suggested way for people to ask questions? A．Pay more attention to the answers. B．Raise as complex questions as possible. C．Figure out the objectives clearly. D．Consider more potential applications. 3．Which does the underlined word “murkier” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．more available. B．more understandable. C．more unreliable. D．more confusing. 4．What’s the author’s attitude to the change of the way children ask questions? A．Disapproving. B．Favorable. C．Doubtful. D．Reserved. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过讨论孩子提出的问题与成人世界中的问题差异，引出了如何提出好问题的话题，并强调了提出好问题的重要性以及方法。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“In trying to guess an animal, a young child might ask: Is it a koala? Is it an elephant? (Not: Is it a mammal? Does it live in Africa?) These are bad questions in the sense that they’re unlikely to supply an efficient solution to the problem of discovering the animal.(在猜测动物时，小孩子可能会问：这是考拉吗？它是一头大象吗？（不是：它是哺乳动物吗？它生活在非洲吗？）这些问题之所以不好，是因为它们不太可能为发现动物的问题提供有效的解决方案)”可知，小孩关于动物的问题被认为是“不好的”，是因为它们无助于找出答案。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“For one thing, we don’t always have a single, accurate goal. When we do have some practical goal, being clear about what it is can be a first step towards asking better questions.(首先，我们并不总是有一个单一的、准确的目标。当我们确实有一些实际的目标时，弄清楚它是什么可以成为提出更好问题的第一步)”可知，给人们提问的一个建议方法是明确目标。故选C项。 3．词句猜测题。第三段中“For one thing, we don’t always have a single, accurate goal.(首先，我们并不总是有一个单一的、明确的目标)”和划线词所在句“But when our aim isn’t to achieve some practical goal, things become murkier still.(但是，当我们的目标不是实现某些实际目标时，情况就会变得更加_____)”是对第二段中观点“Unfortunately, producing good questions in the real world is often a more complicated affair.(不幸的是，在现实世界中提出好问题往往是一件更复杂的事情)”的论述。结合划线词后副词“still(依旧；仍然)”可知，没有实际目标的提问会更复杂，更令人困惑。划线词murkier与more confusing同义，表示“更令人困惑的”。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“From preschool to high school, children move away from questions motivated by natural curiosity to those motivated by potential applications. Rather than “performing an act of curiosity”, they’re often after the solution to some practical problem.(从幼儿园到高中，孩子们的问题从由自然好奇心驱动转变为由潜在应用驱动。他们往往不是在“表现好奇心”，而是在寻求解决某些实际问题的办法)”和最后一段中“And we might do well to regain some of the youthful curiosity of young children’s questions — not necessarily by asking about koalas and elephants, but by letting some of our questions be guided by our basic curiosity, not only by our immediate goals.(我们或许应该重新获得孩子们问题中的一些年轻的好奇心——不一定是通过问考拉和大象的问题，而是通过让我们的一些问题由我们的基本好奇心来引导，而不仅仅是由我们的直接目标来引导)”可推知，作者对于孩子们提问方式的变化持不赞成的态度，认为应该重新获得一些年轻的好奇心，让问题不仅仅由直接目标来引导。故选A项。 Passage 2 （23-24高二上·浙江七彩阳光·期中） Taking good care of your teeth may be linked to better brain health, according to a study published in the July 5, 2023, online issue of Neurology. “Our study found that gum (牙龈) disease and tooth loss were linked to brain shrinkage (萎缩) in the hippocampus, which plays a role in memory and Alzheimer’s disease,” said study author Satoshi Yamaguchi, Ph. D．of Tohoku University in Sendai, Japan. The study involved 172 people without memory problems. Their average age was 67. Participants had dental exams and took memory tests at the beginning of the study. They also had brain scans to measure the volume of their hippocampus at the beginning of the study. This was measured again four years later. For each participant, researchers counted the number of teeth and checked for amount of gum disease. Researchers found that the number of teeth and amount of gum disease was linked to changes in the left hippocampus of the brain. For people with mild gum disease, having fewer teeth was associated with a faster rate of brain shrinkage, which is the same for people with severe gum disease having more teeth. After adjusting for age, researchers found that for people with mild gum disease, the increase in the rate of brain shrinkage due to one less tooth was equal to nearly one year of brain aging. By contrast, for people with severe gum disease the increase in brain shrinkage due to one more tooth was equal to 1.3 years of brain aging. “These results highlight the importance of preserving the health of the teeth and not just maintaining the teeth,” Yamaguchi said. “The findings suggest that controlling the progression of gum disease through regular dental visits is crucial, and that teeth with severe gum disease may need to be removed and replaced with appropriate false ones.” Yamaguchi said future studies are needed with larger groups of people. The limitation of the study is that it was conducted in one region of Japan, so the results may not be applied to other locations. 1．What is Yamaguchi’s study mainly about? A．Causes of gum discase. B．The symptoms of brain shrinkage. C．Ways to take good care of one’s teeth. D．The connection between the teeth and the brain. 2．How did researchers reach the conclusion? A．By making comparisons. B．By referring to previous studies. C．By conducting a survey among dentists. D．By proving experts’ theory in experiments. 3．What do the research findings indicate? A．Gum disease is increasing among people. B．Keeping teeth healthy is of great importance. C．Removing natural teeth is bad for dental health. D．Doing a routine dental checkup can avoid gum disease. 4．What’s Yamaguchi’s attitude towards the study? A．Disapproving. B．Unclear. C．Positive. D．Objective. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。根据发表在2023年7月5日《神经病学》在线期刊上的一项研究，好好照顾你的牙齿可能与更好的大脑健康有关。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Our study found that gum (牙龈) disease and tooth loss were linked to brain shrinkage (萎缩) in the hippocampus, which plays a role in memory and Alzheimer’s disease(我们的研究发现，牙龈疾病和牙齿脱落与海马体的大脑萎缩有关，海马体在记忆和阿尔茨海默病中起着重要作用)”可知，Yamaguchi的研究主要是关于牙齿健康与大脑之间的联系，故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“The study involved 172 people without memory problems. Their average age was 67. Participants had dental exams and took memory tests at the beginning of the study. They also had brain scans to measure the volume of their hippocampus at the beginning of the study. This was measured again four years later. For each participant, researchers counted the number of teeth and checked for amount of gum disease.(这项研究涉及172名没有记忆问题的人。他们的平均年龄为67岁。在研究开始时，参与者进行了牙齿检查和记忆力测试。在研究开始时，他们还接受了脑部扫描，以测量海马体的体积。四年后再次进行了测量。研究人员对每个参与者的牙齿数量进行了统计，并检查了牙龈疾病的数量。)”可知，研究人员通过对比数据的方式开展研究，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“These results highlight the importance of preserving the health of the teeth and not just maintaining the teeth(这些结果强调了保持牙齿健康的重要性，而不仅仅是维护牙齿)”可知，研究结果表明保持牙齿健康非常重要，故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“These results highlight the importance of preserving the health of the teeth and not just maintaining the teeth(这些结果强调了保护牙齿健康的重要性，而不仅仅是维护牙齿)”和“The limitation of the study is that it was conducted in one region of Japan, so the results may not be applied to other locations.(这项研究的局限性在于它是在日本的一个地区进行的，因此结果可能不适用于其他地区。)”可知，Yamaguchi既说了研究的优点也说了它的局限性，所以他的态度是客观的，故选D。 主题02人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·浙江台州十校·期中） Bad news for people who frequently use the emoji(表情符号): It is no longer cool. In recent weeks, two generations have been debating in videos and comments on Tik Tok over the symbols of millennial(千禧一代) culture that are now considered uncool by Generation z (born after 1996). The symbols include the popular laughing crying emoji that some millennials (born in the 1980s), including me, use hundreds of times a day, or more. “Face with Tears of Joy”, the official name for the laughing crying emoji, is currently the most-used emoji on Emojitracker, a website that shows real-time emoji use on Twitter. “What’s wrong with the laughing crying emoji?” one user asked in a Tik Tok comment. Another responded, “It’s so off.” In a different video, a woman says she’s cut back on using it after learning kids don’t. “I use everything but the laughing crying emoji,” 21-year-old Walid Mohammed told CNN Business. “I stopped using it recently because I saw older people using it, like my mom, my older sisters and just older people in general.” For many Generation Zers, the emoji has become a popular replacement for conveying laughter. It’s the visual version of the slang phrase “I’m dead” or “I’m dying”, which means something is very funny. Other acceptable choices—the emoji officially called “Loudly Crying Face”, or just writing “lol” (laughing out loud) or “lmao”. “Tears of Joy was a victim of its own success,” said Gretchen McCulloch, the author of “Because Internet: Understanding the New Rules of Language”. “If you express digital laughter for years and years in the same way, it starts to feel insincere... It gets worn out through continued use,” she said. That’s why Generation Zers may be looking to fresh and novel ways to signal they’re laughing in different ways. “Older generations tend to use emojis literally while younger people get more creative,” said Jeremy Burge, the chief emoji officer of Emojipedia, an emoji dictionary website. Generation Zers told CNN Business they like to assign their own meanings to emoji, which then spreads to others, often through social media. 1．What is the author’s attitude to the use of the laughing crying emoji? A．Curious. B．Favourable. C．Uncaring. D．Impatient. 2．What message does the author try to deliver by giving some examples of Generation Zers? A．They are fond of using emojis. B．They use emojis very scientifically. C．The Loudly Crying Face emoji is very popular. D．The laughing crying emoji is losing its charm. 3．What can we infer about 21-year old Walid Mohammed? A．He wants to set himself apart from older people. B．He is seeking to be perfect. C．He is unwilling to accept something new. D．He sticks to his own idea. 4．What’s the problem with “Tears of Joy” according to Gretchen McCulloch? A．It isn’t funny enough. B．It isn’t creative enough. C．It has been used too much. D．It hasn’t received much attention. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章谈论了网络上被广泛应用的表情符号不再像以前那么酷了，正在被年轻一代所淘汰。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The symbols include the popular laughing crying emoji that some millennials (born in the 1980s), including me, use hundreds of times a day, or more. (这些符号包括流行的笑哭表情符号，一些千禧一代（80后），包括我，每天使用数百次，甚至更多。)”可知，作者对笑哭表情符号的使用是赞许的。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“In recent weeks, two generations have been debating in videos and comments on Tik Tok over the symbols of millennial(千禧一代) culture that are now considered uncool by Generation z (born after 1996). (最近几周，两代人在Tik Tok上的视频和评论中就千禧一代文化符号展开了辩论，这些符号现在被z一代（1996年后出生）认为不酷。)”和第四段中“In a different video, a woman says she’s cut back on using it after learning kids don’t.(在另一段视频中，一名女子表示，在得知孩子们不会使用后，她已经减少了使用。)”以及倒数第二段中“That’s why Generation Zers may be looking to fresh and novel ways to signal they’re laughing in different ways. (这就是为什么z一代可能会寻找新的、新颖的方式来以不同的方式表示他们在笑。)”等内容可知，作者通过给出一些z一代的例子试图传达笑哭表情符号正在失去魅力。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段中Walid Mohammed 所说“I use everything but the laughing crying emoji (除了笑哭表情，我什么表情符号都用。)”和“I stopped using it recently because I saw older people using it, like my mom, my older sisters and just older people in general. (我最近不再用它了，因为我看到老年人在用它，比如我妈妈、我姐姐和一般的老年人。)”可知，我们能从21岁的Walid Mohammed身上推断出他想把自己和老年人区分开来。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Gretchen McCulloch 所说“Tears of Joy was a victim of its own success. (‘快乐的眼泪’是它自身成功的受害者。)”和“If you express digital laughter for years and years in the same way, it starts to feel insincere... It gets worn out through continued use.(如果你年复一年地用同样的方式表达数字笑声，就会让人觉得不真诚……它会因为持续使用而磨损破旧。)”可知，“Tears of Joy”的问题是被使用太频繁了。故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·浙江9+1高中联盟·期中） “Why is every superhero movie an origin story?” complained Entertainment Weekly film critic Adam Markovitz after seeing a trailer (预告片) for this summer’s Man of Steel. Perhaps we love origin stories, Markovitz suggested, because they “show the exact moment when a normal guy goes from being just like us to being somehow better, faster, stronger.” I tend to disagree. I think origin stories show us not how to become super but how to be heroes, choosing other people’s needs over the pursuit of one’s own wealth and power. I’ve learned this through hundreds of conversations at comic book meetings, where fans have been remarkably honest about their lives and the inspiration they draw from superhero stories. I’ve found that superheroes go through three types of life-changing experiences that we can relate to. The first is trauma (创伤), which lies at the heart of Batman’s origin story, in which Bruce Wayne commits himself to fighting crime after seeing his parents killed. In real life, many people experience “stress-caused growth” after a trauma and determine to help others. The second life-changing force is destiny (命运). Consider Buffy the Vampire Slayer, about a normal teenager who discovers she’s the “Chosen One”—born with supernatural powers to fight demons. Buffy is unwilling to accept her destiny, yet she throws herself into her new job. Lastly, there’s pure chance, which transformed a young Spider-Man, who was using his power for selfish (自私的) purposes until his beloved uncle was killed by a street thug. Spider-Man’s heroism is an example of how random negative events cause many of us to reflect on our lives and choose a different path. At their best, superhero origin stories inspire us and provide models of coping with difficulties, finding meaning in loss and trauma, discovering our strengths and using them for good purpose. (Wearing a cape or tights is not a must. ) 1．How did Adam Markovitz feel about every superhero movie being an origin story? A．Surprised. B．Disappointed. C．Fascinated. D．Inspired. 2．What experience led Bruce Wayne to become a hero? A．Suffering from great stress. B．Fighting crime with great devotion. C．Relating to Batman’s origin story. D．Witnessing his parents being killed. 3．What did Buffy do after she found her destiny? A．She couldn’t wait to accept her role. B．She used her power for selfish purposes. C．She refused to take on the responsibility. D．She committed herself to her role eventually. 4．According to the author, why do people love origin stories? A．Because they inspire us to put others before ourselves. B．Because they lie at the heart of every superhero movie. C．Because they explore the impact of negative events on life. D．Because they show how ordinary people become extraordinary. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了作者对超级英雄起源故事的看法。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中““Why is every superhero movie an origin story?” complained Entertainment Weekly film critic Adam Markovitz after seeing a trailer (预告片) for this summer’s Man of Steel.(“为什么每部超级英雄电影都是一个起源故事？”《娱乐周刊》影评人Adam Markovitz在看了今年夏天的《超人：钢铁之躯》的预告片后抱怨道。)”可知，Adam Markovitz对每一部超级英雄电影都是一个起源故事是感到失望的。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The first is trauma (创伤), which lies at the heart of Batman’s origin story, in which Bruce Wayne commits himself to fighting crime after seeing his parents killed.(首先是创伤，这是蝙蝠侠起源故事的核心，在其中，Bruce Wayne在看到他的父母被杀后致力于打击犯罪。)”可知，让Bruce Wayne成为英雄的经历是目睹他的父母被杀。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Consider Buffy the Vampire Slayer, about a normal teenager who discovers she’s the “Chosen One”—born with supernatural powers to fight demons. Buffy is unwilling to accept her destiny, yet she throws herself into her new job.(比如《吸血鬼猎人巴菲》，讲述的是一个普通的少女发现自己是“天选之子”——生来就拥有对抗恶魔的超自然力量。Buffy不愿意接受她的命运，但她全身心地投入到她的新工作中。)”可知，Buffy发现她的命运后，最终致力于她的工作中。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“At their best, superhero origin stories inspire us and provide models of coping with difficulties, finding meaning in loss and trauma, discovering our strengths and using them for good purpose.(在最好的情况下，超级英雄的起源故事激励着我们，并提供了应对逆境、在损失和创伤中寻找意义、发现我们的优势并将其用于良好目的的模范。)”可知，根据作者的观点，人们喜欢起源故事是因为它们激励我们把别人放在我们自己前面，要为他人着想。故选A项。 Passage 3 （23-24高二上·浙江金华一中·期中） In recent times, the marriage between technology and art has rekindled a new age of theatre, ushering (引入) in an era known as Digital Theatre. This concept has broken traditional boundaries, offering an immersive experience that overcame geographical and social limitations. The integration of digital elements within theatrical performances has not only enriched the narrative but also expanded the audience reach globally. The foremost contributor to this revolutionary movement is the use of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality(VR) technologies. These technologies provide a gateway for the audience to step into the narrative, experiencing the storyline in a more personal and engaging way. For instance, a play based on ancient Rome could transport the audience to the Colosseum, with digital recreations of the ancient ruins, giving a firsthand experience of the historic setting. Moreover, the digital platform has opened doors for more people. Streaming performances online has made theatre accessible to individuals who were previously unable to attend due to physical or financial constraints. This digital shift has also encouraged a new generation of playwrights and actors, who now have a global platform to show their talents. On the negative side, some people argue that digital theatre dilutes the essence of traditional theatre, taking away the authenticity (真实性) and the human connection that live performances offer. Despite the criticism, many believe that digital theatre is not a replacement, but an evolution that allows for a combination of tradition and modernity. The digital theatre movement also raises questions about the preservation of cultural integrity. As digital elements become more and more popular, there is a fear that the traditional theatre may be overshadowed or forgotten. Yet, others argue that this combination of technology and art is a celebration of cultural evolution, presenting an opportunity to introduce traditional theatre to a modern audience in a refreshing way. 1．Paragraph 1 mainly talks about ________. A．The global reach of digital theatre. B．The historical background of theatre. C．The traditional boundaries of theatre. D．The integration of digital elements in theatre. 2．How do AR and VR contribute to digital theatre according to the passage? A．By providing financial support. B．By enabling online streaming. C．By enhancing audience participation. D．By recruiting new talents. 3．What does the underlined word “dilute” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．strengthen B．show C．weaken D．answer 4．The author thinks that the digital theatre movement ________. A．poses a threat to cultural preservation. B．is a mere replacement for traditional theatre. C．neglects the importance of human connection. D．encourages a combination of tradition and modernity. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是近年来，技术与艺术的结合重新点燃了戏剧的新时代，迎来了一个被称为“数字剧院”的时代。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The integration of digital elements within theatrical performances has not only enriched the narrative but also expanded the audience reach globally.(数字元素在戏剧表演中的整合不仅丰富了叙事，而且扩大了全球观众的范围。)”可知，第一段主要讨论剧院中数字元素的整合。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“These technologies provide a gateway for the audience to step into the narrative, experiencing the storyline in a more personal and engaging way.(这些技术为观众提供了一个进入叙事的入口，以一种更个性化、更吸引人的方式体验故事情节。)”可知，AR和VR通过提高观众的参与度为数字剧院做出贡献。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段“taking away the authenticity (真实性) and the human connection that live performances offer(夺走了现场表演的真实性和人与人之间的联系)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“一些人认为数字戏剧淡化了传统戏剧的本质，夺走了现场表演所提供的真实性和人与人之间的联系”，划线词dilutes的意思是“淡化”，和weaken意思相近，故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The digital theatre movement also raises questions about the preservation of cultural integrity.(数字戏剧运动也提出了保护文化完整性的问题。)”可知，A选项表述不正确；根据倒数第二段“On the negative side, some people argue that digital theatre dilutes the essence of traditional theatre, taking away the authenticity (真实性) and the human connection that live performances offer.(消极的一面是，一些人认为数字戏剧淡化了传统戏剧的本质，夺走了现场表演所提供的真实性和人与人之间的联系。)”可知，C选项表示不正确；再根据倒数第二段“Despite the criticism, many believe that digital theatre is not a replacement, but an evolution that allows for a combination of tradition and modernity.(尽管受到批评，许多人认为，数字剧院不是一种替代品，而是一种允许传统与现代结合的进化。)”可知，B选项错误，因此只有D选项表述和文意符合，故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25高二上·浙江金砖联盟·期中） On Aug 20, the highly anticipated Black Myth: Wukong — A Chinese self-developed AAA game — made its first public appearance at home and abroad, immediately becoming a hit in the industry. Notably, the game has also sparked interest in Chinese culture, as it is greatly grounded in Chinese mythology and inspired by the legends of the Monkey King — or Sun Wukong — in Journey to the West, a Chinese classic novel that has been represented in numerous films, TV shows and cartoons. Another distinguishing characteristic of the game is that its art design has taken inspiration from ancient Chinese architecture and other traditional cultural heritages. This cultural feature of the game has resulted in additional benefits outside the game industry, arousing passionate enthusiasm from netizens to experience the Chinese cultural heritage displayed in the game. Thus, according to Chinese media reports, it has generated a new touring option — following in the footsteps of Wukong to see the Chinese cultural attractions. Shanxi is no doubt one of the biggest beneficiaries of this cultural tourism boom as the North China province boasts the largest number of locations where the game takes place. Of the 36 scenic spots featured in the game, 27 are located in Shanxi, according to Shanxi’s cultural and tourism officials. “Shanxi was selected by the game’s development team as the major destination for filming,” added the officials, “because it boasts some 28,000 sites of ancient buildings — the largest number in China’s provincial-level regions.” The cooperation between Shanxi and Game Science has achieved a win-win result. As Black Myth: Wukong becomes a hit domestically and globally, Shanxi has seen an immediate rise in popularity in its tourism industry. Over the past two weeks after the game’s release, Huayan Temple in Datong, for instance, reported a 50 percent increase in tourist visits compared with the same period of last year, according to local officials. Latest media reports predicted that Shanxi will be among the hottest destinations during the coming National Day holiday in early October thanks to the game. On popular online travel platform Qunar, the number of searches of Shanxi soared by 1.2 times in August compared with the previous month. 1．Why did the game immediately become a hit according to the passage? A．It appeals much to young game players. B．It is independently developed in China. C．It features varieties of cultural elements. D．It comes from an ancient classic novel. 2．What has the popular game brought about? A．A great enthusiasm about a Chinese novel. B．A keen interest in Chinese cultural heritage. C．A well-developed tourism industry in China. D．A deep exploration of the Chinese legends. 3．What can be inferred from the statements of the officials of Shanxi? A．There was a rise of 50 percent in the tourist visits of Shanxi. B．Shanxi benefited the most from this phenomenal game craze. C．Shanxi owns the most ancient architectures in China’s regions. D．More than half of the scenic spots involved are located in Shanxi. 4．What can be the best title of the text? A．Video Games Boost Local Tourism. B．Shanxi Tourism Sees Surprising Increase. C．Video Games Bring Digital Revival. D．Cultural Tourism Improves Video Games. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。报道了中国自主研发的游戏《黑神话：悟空》在国内外首次亮相后成为热门，该游戏以中国神话、经典小说及传统文化遗产为特色，引发了人们对中国文化遗产的兴趣。同时，游戏还带动了山西的旅游热潮，文中通过介绍山西的古建筑数量以及游戏发布后山西旅游景点游客量的增加等情况，说明了游戏对当地旅游的促进作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Notably, the game has also sparked interest in Chinese culture, as it is greatly grounded in Chinese mythology and inspired by the legends of the Monkey King— or Sun Wukong— in Journey to the West, a Chinese classic novel that has been represented in numerous films, TV shows and cartoons. Another distinguishing characteristic of the game is that its art design has taken inspiration from ancient Chinese architecture and other traditional cultural heritages. (值得注意的是，这款游戏也激发了人们对中国文化的兴趣，因为它深深扎根于中国神话，并受到中国经典小说《西游记》中孙悟空的传说的启发。《西游记》已在众多电影、电视节目和动画片中呈现。这款游戏的另一个显著特点是其艺术设计从中国古代建筑和其他传统文化中汲取了灵感。)”可知，这款游戏结合了中国神话和传统文化元素，因具有多种文化元素而立即成为热门，故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“This cultural feature of the game has resulted in additional benefits outside the game industry, arousing passionate enthusiasm from netizens to experience the Chinese cultural heritage displayed in the game. (这款游戏的文化特色在游戏产业之外带来了额外的好处，激发了网民们体验游戏中所展示的中国文化遗产的热情。)”可知，游戏带来了人们对中国文化遗产的浓厚兴趣，故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Of the 36 scenic spots featured in the game, 27 are located in Shanxi, according to Shanxi’s cultural and tourism officials. ‘Shanxi was selected by the game’s development team as the major destination for filming,” added the officials, “because it boasts some 28,000 sites of ancient buildings — the largest number in China’s provincial-level regions.’ (据山西文化和旅游官员称，在游戏中的36个景点中，有27个位于山西。官员补充说：“山西被游戏开发团队选为主要拍摄地，因为它拥有约2.8万个古建筑遗址——在中国省级行政区中数量最多。”)”可知，游戏中超过一半的景点位于山西，山西拥有中国省级行政区中最多的古建筑遗址，故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中“As Black Myth: Wukong becomes a hit domestically and globally, Shanxi has seen an immediate rise in popularity in its tourism industry. (随着《黑神话：悟空》在国内和全球走红，山西的旅游业也立即人气大增。)”及最后一段“Latest media reports predicted that Shanxi will be among the hottest destinations during the coming National Day holiday in early October thanks to the game. On popular online travel platform Qunar, the number of searches of Shanxi soared by 1.2 times in August compared with the previous month. (最新的媒体报道预测，由于这款游戏，山西将成为即将到来的10月国庆假期期间最热门的目的地之一。在热门在线旅游平台去哪儿网，8月份山西的搜索量环比飙升1.2倍。)”可知，游戏《黑神话：悟空》因具有文化特色而成为热门，同时带动了山西等地的旅游，A项“Video Games Boost Local Tourism. (电子游戏促进了当地旅游业。)”最能概括全文，故选A项。 Passage 5 （23-24高二上·浙江浙南名校·期中） “The value of people cannot be defined,” this is the philosophy by which Majda Gibran, better known in Egypt as “Mama Maggie”, lives. She devoted over three decades of her life to serving the less fortunate. Her work empowered over 33,000 children in Cairo to achieve their potential and successfully leave Cairo’s slums (贫民窟). Her story begins with what was meant to be a quick visit to the slums in Cairo. She knew right away she would devote the rest of her life to helping those in need, especially children. The scenes of poverty in the slums forever changed her life. Mama Maggie soon abandoned the comforts of her previous life and quit her job as an American University professor to lend a helping hand to those who needed her most. She began sharing meals, gifts and basic necessities to less fortunate families in the slums. Her warmth and sincerity gave residents a sense of hope and dignity. In 1985, Mama Maggie founded the Stephen’s Children Foundation, with the mission to empower children and young people to lead their own development and lift them out of poverty. The foundation provides education and training to thousands of children living in poverty. Over the last few years, the foundation has extended its social and educational initiatives to thousands of families and children in other poor neighborhoods. To date, Mama Maggie has established 92 educational centres nationwide to teach over 18,000 children and carried out healthcare campaigns that provides treatment to over 40,000 patients annually. She conducts visits to more than 13,000 children to provide training services. Her foundation’s three training centres for mothers and children empower families to earn their own income. Her foundation has benefited over 33,000 children, with the help of about 2,000 volunteers, and it is still growing today. Mama Maggie, a Nobel Prize nominee (被提名人), never sought fame or reward for her work. She desires to be remembered as a hope maker who made a difference in the lives of every person that crossed her path. 1．What inspired Mama Maggie’s devotion to the less fortunate? A．Her visit to the slums. B．The quitting of her previous work. C．The saying of a philosopher. D．The potential of the less fortunate. 2．The foundation was mainly intended to . A．offer the poor basic necessities B．improve the local healthcare C．promote the local education D．bring the poor hopeful prospects 3．Why are the figures listed in paragraph 4? A．To imply the celebrity of Mama Maggie. B．To demonstrate the rise of the foundation. C．To stress the contribution of Mama Maggie. D．To illustrate the popularity of the foundation. 4．Which words can best describe Mama Maggie? A．Considerate and optimistic. B．Caring and devoted. C．Responsible and humorous. D．Tolerant and helpful. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了Mama Maggie辞去大学教授的工作，用自己的余生帮助贫民窟那些不幸的人，创立斯蒂芬儿童基金会，做出了巨大贡献，从而实现了她的人生价值。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Her story begins with what was meant to be a quick visit to the slums in Cairo. She knew right away she would devote the rest of her life to helping those in need, especially children.(她的故事从对开罗贫民窟的一次快速访问开始。她立刻意识到，她将用她的余生来帮助那些需要帮助的人，尤其是孩子们。)”可知，她对贫民窟的访问激发了Mama Maggie对那些不幸的人的奉献。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In 1985, Mama Maggie founded the Stephen's Children Foundation, with the mission to empower children and young people to lead their own development and lift them out of poverty.(1985年，Mama Maggie创立了斯蒂芬儿童基金会，其使命是赋予儿童和年轻人权力，让他们领导自己的发展，让他们摆脱贫困。)”可知，这个基金会主要是为了给穷人带来希望。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“To date, Mama Maggie has established 92 educational centres nationwide to teach over 18,000 children and carried out healthcare campaigns that provides treatment to over 40,000 patients annually. She conducts visits to more than 13,000 children to provide training services. Her foundation's three training centres for mothers and children empower families to earn their own income. Her foundation has benefited over 33,000 children, with the help of about 2,000 volunteers, and it is still growing today.(迄今为止，Mama Maggie在全国建立了92个教育中心，为18 000多名儿童提供教育，并开展了保健运动，每年为40 000多名患者提供治疗。她走访了13000多名儿童，提供培训服务。她的基金会为母亲和儿童设立了三个培训中心，使家庭能够赚取自己的收入。在大约2000名志愿者的帮助下，她的基金会已经使33,000多名儿童受益，并且至今仍在增长。)”可知，第4段列出了这些数字是为了强调Mama Maggie的贡献。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“She devoted over three decades of her life to serving the less fortunate. Her work empowered over 33,000 children in Cairo to achieve their potential and successfully leave Cairo’s slums (贫民窟).(她把三十多年的生命奉献给了那些不幸的人。她的工作使开罗3.3万多名儿童得以发挥自己的潜力，并成功地离开了开罗的贫民窟。)”以及最后一段中“Mama Maggie, a Nobel Prize nominee (被提名人), never sought fame or reward for her work. She desires to be remembered as a hope maker who made a difference in the lives of every person that crossed her path.( Mama Maggie是诺贝尔奖提名者，她从不为自己的工作追求名利或回报。她希望人们记住她是一个希望创造者，她改变了每一个遇到她的人的生活。)”可知，Mama Maggie是关心他人的和奉献的。故选B项。 主题01 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·浙江七彩阳光·期中） Not long after my daughter was born in early 2013, I had a serious thought about the life that lay ahead for her. With health and luck, she will live long enough to see the dawn of the 22nd century. As a journalist, I often encounter the date 2100. It’s a milestone year frequently mentioned in climate change news reports, stories about future technologies and science fiction. But it’s so far ahead that the route we will take to get there is difficult to see. I rarely consider that, like my daughter, millions of people alive today will be there as 2100 arrives, inheriting the century my generation will leave behind. For many of us, how often can we truly say we are thinking about the well-being of these future generations? How often do we think about the impact of our decisions on the decades and centuries ahead? Part of the problem is that the “‘now’commands so much more attention,” the sociologist Elise Boulding once said. “If one is mentally out of breath all the time from dealing with the present, there is no energy left for imagining the future.” No wonder problems like climate change or inequality feel so hard to handle right now. That’s why researchers are coming to the same conclusion that short-termism (短期主义) may be the greatest threat our species is facing this century. Despite our natural ability to look and plan ahead, we have a weakness in our thinking called “present bias.” For example, people are more likely to accept an offer of£10 today, rather than a guarantee of £12 in a week. They also tend to spend on pleasures, not save for rainy days. I understand the dangers of short-termism. I can both justify the argument and feel the need to care more about future generations. But I admit I still struggle with how to translate that into clear action as an individual. To realize that we are just one in a chain of generations, we owe an obligation (义务) to our future generations to leave a better world than the one we inherited ourselves. 1．What is Paragraph2 mainly about? A．People’s expectation of the year 2100. B．The author’s thoughts on the year 2100. C．The author’s plan for his daughter’s future. D．People’s attitude to the importance of the year 2100. 2．Why do many of us rarely consider our future generations according to Elise Boulding? A．Owing to our ignorance of the future. B．Because of people’s inability to plan for the future. C．Because of our difficulty in handling future problems. D．Due to the lack of our mental energy to consider the future. 3．What does the underlined word “bias” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Preference. B．Disorder. C．Balance. D．Freedom. 4．What’s the author’s purpose in writing this article? A．To criticize those who favor short-term rewards. B．To express his dissatisfaction with the young generations. C．To inspire people to think more about the future generations. D．To show his determination to speak for his daughter’s future. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是短期主义可能是本世纪人类面临的最大威胁，作者呼吁我们为后代留下一个比我们继承的世界更美好的世界。 1．主旨大意题。根据第二段“It’s a milestone year frequently mentioned in climate change news reports, stories about future technologies and science fiction. But it’s so far ahead that the route we will take to get there is difficult to see. I rarely consider that, like my daughter, millions of people alive today will be there as 2100 arrives, inheriting the century my generation will leave behind.(这是气候变化新闻报道、未来技术故事和科幻小说中经常提到的具有里程碑意义的一年。但它是如此遥远，我们将采取的路线很难看到。我很少想到，像我的女儿一样，今天活着的数百万人将在2100年到来时，继承我们这一代人将留下的世纪。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是作者对2100年的看法。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“If one is mentally out of breath all the time from dealing with the present, there is no energy left for imagining the future.(如果一个人总是因为处理现在而精神上喘不过气来，那么他就没有精力去想象未来。)”可知，我们中的许多人很少考虑我们的后代是由于我们缺乏考虑未来的精神能量。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“For example, people are more likely to accept an offer of£10 today, rather than a guarantee of £12 in a week. They also tend to spend on pleasures, not save for rainy days.(例如，人们更愿意接受今天10英镑的报价，而不是一周后12英镑的保证。他们还倾向于把钱花在享乐上，而不是为不时之需而储蓄。)”可知，人们会偏爱现在存在的东西，bias的意思是“偏爱”，和preference意思相近，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“To realize that we are just one in a chain of generations, we owe an obligation (义务) to our future generations to leave a better world than the one we inherited ourselves.(要认识到我们只是几代人中的一员，我们有义务为后代留下一个比我们继承的世界更美好的世界。)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是激励人们多为子孙后代着想。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·浙江9+1联盟·期中） Two small white dogs appeared as I arrived at a ranch house a few miles off the highway in Hempstead, followed by John Mendola, a retired police officer. He introduced me to the dogs, Princess Ariel and Princess Jasmine. They were named for a deceased dog named Princess to whom they are similar in every detail. And they should be: they are Princess’s clones. It has now been nearly thirty years since cloning mammals (哺乳动物) became possible. The technology has mainly been used to produce cattle, sheep, and pigs. However, since 2005, more than two thousand dogs have been successfully cloned. Biologically, it is not very different from that of cloned cows or sheep, but in other respects the cloning of pets raises a host of ethical (伦理的) and identity issues. There are issues of exploitation (剥削) — both of grieving owners who hope to bring back their lost pets, and of the unseen animals whose bodies are used in making a clone. There’s the issue of supply: the production of tailored dogs in a society when so many good, naturally born ones in shelters are in need of adoption. Finally, there’s an existential issue: who, exactly, is produced when a dog is cloned? Dogs are seen by most owners as a species of individuals, with distinct personalities. We keep them for companionship. As a result, we have placed our ideas of selfhood onto them, giving them preferences, fears, and moods. But, if it is dogs’ individuality that we value, how can we accept the idea that their unique and unreproducible selves can, in fact, be reproduced? As a matter of fact, among the people who have cloned their dogs, many struggled to say exactly what it was about the original animal that they had wanted to reproduce, especially in contrast to other dogs they had loved but hadn’t felt like cloning. Many spoke of the original as simply “special” — but the specific nature of that specialness seemed almost impossible to be explained. Perhaps the desire was less about re-creating the original dog than about bringing back the unique relationship that had been established with the animal. 1．What can we learn about the two white dogs in the first paragraph? A．They were named after a princess. B．They were clones of a late dog. C．They were distinct from each other. D．They were naturally produced by Princess. 2．How is the cloning of dogs different from that of other mammals? A．It has higher success rates. B．It raises more moral concerns. C．It is technically more challenging. D．It stirs greater public curiosity. 3．Which word best describes the author’s attitude to the cloning of dogs? A．Unclear. B．Objective. C．Favourable. D．Disapproving. 4．Why do people desire to clone their dogs? A．To deal with the identity issue. B．To reproduce the original animal. C．To recreate a distinctive emotional bond. D．To find out the specialness of the original dog. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了克隆狗早已有之，但会引发一系列伦理和身份问题，作者也表达了观点。 1．细节理解题。由第一段中“He introduced me to the dogs, Princess Ariel and Princess Jasmine. They were named for a deceased dog named Princess to whom they are similar in every detail. And they should be: they are Princess’s clones. (他把我介绍给狗狗们，爱丽儿公主和茉莉公主。它们以一只名叫公主的已故的狗命名，在每个细节上都与公主相似。它们应该是：它们是公主的克隆体)”可知，第一段中的两只白狗，是一只已故狗的克隆体。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。由第二段中“Biologically, it is not very different from that of cloned cows or sheep, but in other respects the cloning of pets raises a host of ethical (伦理的) and identity issues. (从生物学上讲，它与克隆的奶牛或绵羊没有太大区别，但在其他方面，克隆宠物会引发一系列伦理和身份问题)”可知，克隆狗与其他哺乳动物的不同之处在于它们会引发更多的道德问题。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。由第三段讲对狗的克隆产生的伦理问题和身份问题的分析和最后一段中“As a matter of fact, among the people who have cloned their dogs, many struggled to say exactly what it was about the original animal that they had wanted to reproduce, especially in contrast to other dogs they had loved but hadn’t felt like cloning. (事实上，在克隆狗的人中，许多人很难准确说出他们想要繁殖的原始动物是什么，尤其是与他们喜欢的狗相比，他们并不想克隆)”可知，作者对此持不赞成的态度。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。由最后一段中“Perhaps the desire was less about re-creating the original dog than about bringing back the unique relationship that had been established with the animal. (也许这种愿望与其说是为了重新创造原始的狗，不如说是为了恢复与动物建立的独特关系)”可知，人们渴望克隆狗是为了重建与原有动物独特的情感联系。故选C项。 Passage 3 （23-24高二上·浙江Z20名校·期中） Having spent more than a decade on the dance floor, ROME — Niccolo Filippi, a 23-year-old Italian dance performer, recently decided to explore Chinese culture and its traditional dance forms and believes that this experience will not only boost his career, but also broaden his horizons beyond the world of dance. His interest in diversifying his skills grew after he stumbled upon a short video of traditional Chinese-styled dance on YouTube. “I saw it as an art that combines tradition and modernity, which was mostly the reason why I liked it,” says Filippi. Ever since, he has been closely following Chinese dance performers and watching numerous videos to learn more about the traditional style that he admires. “I prefer the traditional style because of its light movements. It also reflects my personality with elegance,” he adds. Filippi’s chance came when he was invited to perform for a Chinese New Year celebration in the central Italian city of Florence. He has since fully committed himself to the art form, learning several pieces and putting his newfound passion into practice. “The biggest difference that I found (compared to other disciplines) is the change of mood and emotional expressions among dances,” says Filippi, adding that he needed to shift from the dynamic moves of hip-hop to the graceful and fluid movements of Chinese dance. Despite various obstacles, Filippi’s efforts have not gone unnoticed. Two of his friends shared videos of his performances on social media, and the response was overwhelming. One video garnered 500,000 views, while the other received 200,000 views. Filippi believes that learning about different cultures is priceless, and he sees it as a means of personal growth. “I like to think of a person as a book,” he says. “Embracing different traditions and cultures, such as Chinese culture and many others, is like adding new chapters to my book, making it more diverse and wonderful.” 1．What is the main reason why Filippi falls in love with traditional Chinese dance? A．Its potential to boost his career. B．Its mix of traditional and modern elements. C．Its graceful and light movements. D．Its true reflection of his elegant personality. 2．How does the author illustrate the popularity of Filippi’s videos? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example. C．By sharing a story. D．By making a comparison. 3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Filippi thinks little of learning from other cultures. B．People prefer to write down their past experiences. C．Accepting various cultures boosts personal growth. D．A book with chapters on traditions is more wonderful. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Chinese-styled dance videos go viral on social media. B．An Italian’s dance journey towards specialization starts. C．Filippi’s desire for Chinese culture extends beyond dance. D．An Italian dancer shows passion for Chinese-styled dance. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是意大利舞蹈演员Niccolo Filippi最近决定探索中国文化及其传统舞蹈形式，并相信这段经历不仅会促进他的职业生涯，还会拓宽他在舞蹈世界之外的视野。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段的““I saw it as an art that combines tradition and modernity, which was mostly the reason why I liked it,” says Filippi.(Filippi说：“我认为这是一种结合了传统与现代的艺术，这也是我喜欢它的主要原因。”)”可知，Filippi爱上中国传统舞蹈的主要原因是它融合了传统和现代元素。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Two of his friends shared videos of his performances on social media, and the response was overwhelming. One video garnered 500, 000 views, while the other received 200, 000 views.(他的两个朋友在社交媒体上分享了他的表演视频，反响非常热烈。其中一个视频获得了50万次观看，而另一个则获得了20万次观看)”可推知，作者通过列出数字说明Filippi的视频的受欢迎程度。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Filippi believes that learning about different cultures is priceless, and he sees it as a means of personal growth.(Filippi认为学习不同的文化是无价的，他认为这是个人成长的一种方式)”可推知，从最后一段可以推断出接受不同的文化能促进个人成长。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Having spent more than a decade on the dance floor, ROME— Niccolo Filippi, a 23-year-old Italian dance performer, recently decided to explore Chinese culture and its traditional dance forms and believes that this experience will not only boost his career, but also broaden his horizons beyond the world of dance.(23岁的意大利舞蹈演员Niccolo Filippi在舞池ROME里呆了十多年，最近他决定探索中国文化及其传统舞蹈形式，并相信这段经历不仅会促进他的职业生涯，还会拓宽他在舞蹈世界之外的视野)”可知，本文主要讲的是意大利舞蹈演员Niccolo Filippi最近决定探索中国文化及其传统舞蹈形式，并相信这段经历不仅会促进他的职业生涯，还会拓宽他在舞蹈世界之外的视野。由此可知，D选项“An Italian dancer shows passion for Chinese-styled dance.(一位意大利舞者对中国风格的舞蹈表现出热情)”能够概括本文主旨。故选D。 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·浙江杭二中·期中） I’ve worked in the factories surrounding my hometown every summer since I graduated from high school, but making the transition between school and full-time blue-collar work during the break never gets any easier. For a student like me who considers any class before noon to be uncivilized, getting to a factory by 6o’clock each morning is torture. My friends never seem to understand why I’m so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation. There’re few people as self-confident as a college student who had never been out in the real world. People my age always seem to overestimate the value of their time and knowledge. In fact, all the classes did not prepare me for my battles with the machine I ran in the plant, which would jam whenever I absent-mindedly put in a part backward or upside down. The most stressful thing about blue-collar life is knowing your job could disappear overnight. Issues like downsizing and overseas relocation (迁移) had always seemed distant to me until my co-workers told me that the unit I was working in would shut down within six months and move to Mexico, where people would work for 60 cents an hour. After working 12-hour shifts in a factory, the other opinions have become only too clear. When I’m back at the university, skipping classes and turning in lazy rewrites seems too irresponsible after seeing what I would be doing without school. All the advice and public-service announcements about the value of an education that used to sound stale (陈腐的) now ring true. These lessons I’m learning, however valuable, are always mixed with a sense of guilt. Many people pass their lives in the places I briefly work, spending 30 years where I spend only two months at a time. “This job pays well, but it’s hell on the body,” said one co-worker. “Study hard and keep reading,” she added. My experiences in the factories have inspired me to make the most of my college years before I enter the real world for good. 1．What does the author think of his summer days while at college? A．They brought him nothing but torture. B．They were no holiday for him at all. C．They were a relief from his hard work at school. D．They offered him a chance to know more people. 2．What does the author say about college students? A．They expect too much from the real world. B．They have much interest in white-collar life. C．They are not confident of their future. D．They think too highly of themselves. 3．In what important way has the author’s work experience changed him? A．He learned to be more practical. B．He came to respect blue-collar workers. C．He came to appreciate his college education. D．He got a sense of guilt for his social practice. 4．Why does the author feel somewhat guilty? A．He has not done much to help his co-workers at the factory. B．He looks down upon the mechanical work at the working place. C．He has stayed at school just for the purpose of escaping from the real world. D．He realizes there is a great divide between his life and that of blue-collar workers. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过介绍假期打工的经历，谈论了打工的经历使他更加珍惜大学的时光，开始理解大学教育的意义。 1． 细节理解题。根据第一段中“My friends never seem to understand why I’m so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation. (我的朋友们似乎从来不明白为什么我回到学校会如此欣慰，或者为什么我的暑假根本不是一个假期)”可知，作者认为他大学时的暑假根本不是假期。故选B。 2． 细节理解题。根据第二段中“There’re few people as self-confident as a college student who had never been out in the real world. People my age always seem to overestimate the value of their time and knowledge.  (很少有人像大学生那样自信，但他们从来没有接触过现实世界。我这个年纪的人似乎总是高估自己时间和知识的价值)”可知，作者认为大学生对自己评价过高。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“When I’m back at the university, skipping classes and turning in lazy rewrites seems too irresponsible after seeing what I would be doing without school. All the advice and public-service announcements about the value of an education that used to sound stale (陈腐的) now ring true.(在看到了不上学会做什么之后， 当我再次回到大学，逃课和马马虎虎提交改写的作业的行为就似乎太不负责任了。所有关于教育价值的建议和公共服务公告，过去听起来很陈旧，但现在听起来很真实)”以及最后一段 “My experiences in the factories have inspired me to make the most of my college years before I enter the real world for good. (我在工厂的经历激励着我，在我进入真正的世界之前，我要充分利用我的大学时光)”可知，作者的打工经历使他开始理解大学教育的意义，从而改变了他。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“These lessons I’m learning, however valuable, are always mixed with a sense of guilt. Many people pass their lives in the places I briefly work, spending 30 years where I spend only two months at a time.(我学到的这些教训，无论多么宝贵，总是夹杂着一种内疚感。许多人在我短暂工作的地方度过了他们的一生，在那里度过了30年，而我一次只呆了两个月。)”和同事所说“This job pays well, but it’s hell on the body,(这份工作薪水不错，但却很累人) ”可推断，作者感到内疚是因为他意识到他的生活和蓝领工人的生活有很大的差距。故选D。 主题03 人与自然——环境 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·浙江宁波余姚·期中） We are all aware of the damaging pollution that’s created by driving petrol and diesel(柴油) vehicles. Many of the world’s cities are blocked with traffic, creating fumes containing gases such as nitrogen oxides.The solution for a cleaner, greener future could be electric vehicles. But how optimistic should we be? There was much excitement last year when the UK government announced it will ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars from 2030. But is that easier said than done? The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off. Currently, battery life is an issue ——a fully charged battery won’t take you as far as a full tank of petrol. There are also limited numbers of charging points to plug an electric vehicle into. Of course, technology is always improving. Some of the biggest tech companies, like Google and Tesla, are spending huge amounts of money developing electric cars. And most of the big car manufacturers are now making them too. Colin Herron, a consultant on low-carbon vehicle technology, told the BBC, “The big leap forward will come with solid-state batteries, which will appear first in mobile phones and laptops before they progress to cars. “These will charge more quickly and give cars a bigger range. Cost is another issue that may discourage people switching to electric power. But some countries offer incentive, such as cutting prices by reducing import taxes, and not charging for road tax and parking. Some also provide exclusive lanes for electric cars to be driven on, overtaking traditional cars which might be stuck in jams. These kinds of measures have made Norway the country with the most electric cars per capita(人均) at more than thirty electric cars per 1000 inhabitants. But Colin Herron warns that “electric motoring” doesn’t mean a zero-carbon future. “It’s emission-free motoring, but the car has to be built, the battery has to be built, and the electricity does come from somewhere.” Maybe it’s time to think about making fewer journeys or using public transport. 1．What can we infer from the question at the end of Paragraph 1? A．It is not easy to obtain a greener future by means of electric vehicles. B．Electric vehicles may not solve the traffic problems. C．We should not be too optimistic about the future. D．It’s not a good idea to replace petrol vehicles with electric ones. 2．What does the underlined word “incentive” mean in Paragraph 2? A．permission B．encouragement C．admission D．insistence 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Electric motoring will create a zero-carbon future. B．Putting solid-state batteries in electric cars first will be a “great leap forward”. C．There are four obstacles on the road to global traffic being totally electric. D．Electric cars might not get stuck in traffic jams in the future. 4．What is the most suitable title for the text? A．Electric Power or Petrol: A Tough Decision to Make B．Electric Vehicles: A Road to a Greener Future C．Total Electric Traffic: A Long Way to Go D．Petrol and Diesel Vehicles: A Main Source of Gases 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了电动汽车更加清洁、更加环保，但实现全球交通电动化还有很长的路要走，电动汽车本身有两大问题亟待解决，而且汽车电动化并不意味着零碳。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“But is that easier said than done?(但这说起来容易做起来难吗？)”可知，第一段提出疑问：英国宣布从2030年开始禁止销售新型汽油和柴油汽车，这说起来容易做起来难吗？第二段第一句“The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off.(实现全球交通完全电动化的道路还有很长的路要走。)”指出实现全球交通完全电动化还有很长的路要走。由此可推测出，作者在第一段最后提出疑问是想说明用电动汽车来实现环保并不容易。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据画线词前一句“Cost is another issue that may discourage people switching to electric power.(成本是另一个可能阻碍人们转向电力的问题。)”和画线词后的“such as cutting prices by reducing import taxes, and not charging for road tax and parking”可知，画线词后的举例是对incentive的进一步说明，通过降低进口税来降价以及不收取道路税和停车费，这些有助于降低购买和使用成本，有助于激励人们购买，incentive意为“激励措施”，与encouragement(起激励作用的事物)意思最接近。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Some also provide exclusive lanes for electric cars to be driven on, overtaking traditional cars which might be stuck in jams.(一些国家还为电动汽车提供专用车道，超越可能陷入拥堵的传统汽车。)”可知，电动汽车有专用通道，这说明电动汽车在未来可能不会陷入交通堵塞。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off.(实现全球交通完全电动化的道路还有很长的路要走。)”可知，电动汽车更加清洁、更加环保，但实现全球交通电动化还有很长的路要走，电动汽车本身有两大问题亟待解决，而且汽车电动化并不意味着零碳。由此可推测出，C项“全电动交通：任重道远”最适合作本文标题。故选C。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 阅读理解 议论文+新闻报道 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·浙江A9协作体·期中） To appreciate that some questions are better than others, it helps to consider a few examples of questions that are bad. To find them, try playing Twenty Questions with a young child. In trying to guess an animal, a young child might ask: Is it a koala? Is it an elephant? (Not: Is it a mammal? Does it live in Africa?) These are bad questions in the sense that they’re unlikely to supply an efficient solution to the problem of discovering the animal. In the simplified world of Twenty Questions, it’s relatively easy to evaluate what makes a question good or bad. Unfortunately, producing good questions in the real world is often a more complicated affair. For one thing, we don’t always have a single, accurate goal. When we do have some practical goal, being clear about what it is can be a first step towards asking better questions. An article for business people, for example, suggests that in asking questions, it’s important to figure out whether you’ re hoping to confirm what you think you know or to discover something new. But when our aim isn’t to achieve some practical goal, things become murkier still. What, for example, is a good question for basic science? What kind of question promotes self-discovery or insight? And how can we learn to ask better questions in cases like these? Scientist David Stork suggests that just as we teach problem solving, we should teach “question posing” — the art of asking good questions, the questions that lead to further insight and discovery. Asking big, bold, exploratory questions isn’t always rewarded in adulthood. From preschool to high school, children move away from questions motivated by natural curiosity to those motivated by potential applications. Rather than “performing an act of curiosity”, they’re often after the solution to some practical problem. A first step towards asking better questions, then, might be to recognize the intellectual contribution of a question well raised, not just a question well answered. And we might do well to regain some of the youthful curiosity of young children’s questions — not necessarily by asking about koalas and elephants, but by letting some of our questions be guided by our basic curiosity, not only by our immediate goals. 1．Why are a young child’s questions about animals considered “bad”? A．They don’t contribute to working out the answer. B．They are not motivated by curiosity. C．They are based on guesses rather than practical goals. D．They are simple to answer. 2．What may be a suggested way for people to ask questions? A．Pay more attention to the answers. B．Raise as complex questions as possible. C．Figure out the objectives clearly. D．Consider more potential applications. 3．Which does the underlined word “murkier” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．more available. B．more understandable. C．more unreliable. D．more confusing. 4．What’s the author’s attitude to the change of the way children ask questions? A．Disapproving. B．Favorable. C．Doubtful. D．Reserved. Passage 2 （23-24高二上·浙江七彩阳光·期中） Taking good care of your teeth may be linked to better brain health, according to a study published in the July 5, 2023, online issue of Neurology. “Our study found that gum (牙龈) disease and tooth loss were linked to brain shrinkage (萎缩) in the hippocampus, which plays a role in memory and Alzheimer’s disease,” said study author Satoshi Yamaguchi, Ph. D．of Tohoku University in Sendai, Japan. The study involved 172 people without memory problems. Their average age was 67. Participants had dental exams and took memory tests at the beginning of the study. They also had brain scans to measure the volume of their hippocampus at the beginning of the study. This was measured again four years later. For each participant, researchers counted the number of teeth and checked for amount of gum disease. Researchers found that the number of teeth and amount of gum disease was linked to changes in the left hippocampus of the brain. For people with mild gum disease, having fewer teeth was associated with a faster rate of brain shrinkage, which is the same for people with severe gum disease having more teeth. After adjusting for age, researchers found that for people with mild gum disease, the increase in the rate of brain shrinkage due to one less tooth was equal to nearly one year of brain aging. By contrast, for people with severe gum disease the increase in brain shrinkage due to one more tooth was equal to 1.3 years of brain aging. “These results highlight the importance of preserving the health of the teeth and not just maintaining the teeth,” Yamaguchi said. “The findings suggest that controlling the progression of gum disease through regular dental visits is crucial, and that teeth with severe gum disease may need to be removed and replaced with appropriate false ones.” Yamaguchi said future studies are needed with larger groups of people. The limitation of the study is that it was conducted in one region of Japan, so the results may not be applied to other locations. 1．What is Yamaguchi’s study mainly about? A．Causes of gum discase. B．The symptoms of brain shrinkage. C．Ways to take good care of one’s teeth. D．The connection between the teeth and the brain. 2．How did researchers reach the conclusion? A．By making comparisons. B．By referring to previous studies. C．By conducting a survey among dentists. D．By proving experts’ theory in experiments. 3．What do the research findings indicate? A．Gum disease is increasing among people. B．Keeping teeth healthy is of great importance. C．Removing natural teeth is bad for dental health. D．Doing a routine dental checkup can avoid gum disease. 4．What’s Yamaguchi’s attitude towards the study? A．Disapproving. B．Unclear. C．Positive. D．Objective. 主题02人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·浙江台州十校·期中） Bad news for people who frequently use the emoji(表情符号): It is no longer cool. In recent weeks, two generations have been debating in videos and comments on Tik Tok over the symbols of millennial(千禧一代) culture that are now considered uncool by Generation z (born after 1996). The symbols include the popular laughing crying emoji that some millennials (born in the 1980s), including me, use hundreds of times a day, or more. “Face with Tears of Joy”, the official name for the laughing crying emoji, is currently the most-used emoji on Emojitracker, a website that shows real-time emoji use on Twitter. “What’s wrong with the laughing crying emoji?” one user asked in a Tik Tok comment. Another responded, “It’s so off.” In a different video, a woman says she’s cut back on using it after learning kids don’t. “I use everything but the laughing crying emoji,” 21-year-old Walid Mohammed told CNN Business. “I stopped using it recently because I saw older people using it, like my mom, my older sisters and just older people in general.” For many Generation Zers, the emoji has become a popular replacement for conveying laughter. It’s the visual version of the slang phrase “I’m dead” or “I’m dying”, which means something is very funny. Other acceptable choices—the emoji officially called “Loudly Crying Face”, or just writing “lol” (laughing out loud) or “lmao”. “Tears of Joy was a victim of its own success,” said Gretchen McCulloch, the author of “Because Internet: Understanding the New Rules of Language”. “If you express digital laughter for years and years in the same way, it starts to feel insincere... It gets worn out through continued use,” she said. That’s why Generation Zers may be looking to fresh and novel ways to signal they’re laughing in different ways. “Older generations tend to use emojis literally while younger people get more creative,” said Jeremy Burge, the chief emoji officer of Emojipedia, an emoji dictionary website. Generation Zers told CNN Business they like to assign their own meanings to emoji, which then spreads to others, often through social media. 1．What is the author’s attitude to the use of the laughing crying emoji? A．Curious. B．Favourable. C．Uncaring. D．Impatient. 2．What message does the author try to deliver by giving some examples of Generation Zers? A．They are fond of using emojis. B．They use emojis very scientifically. C．The Loudly Crying Face emoji is very popular. D．The laughing crying emoji is losing its charm. 3．What can we infer about 21-year old Walid Mohammed? A．He wants to set himself apart from older people. B．He is seeking to be perfect. C．He is unwilling to accept something new. D．He sticks to his own idea. 4．What’s the problem with “Tears of Joy” according to Gretchen McCulloch? A．It isn’t funny enough. B．It isn’t creative enough. C．It has been used too much. D．It hasn’t received much attention. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·浙江9+1高中联盟·期中） “Why is every superhero movie an origin story?” complained Entertainment Weekly film critic Adam Markovitz after seeing a trailer (预告片) for this summer’s Man of Steel. Perhaps we love origin stories, Markovitz suggested, because they “show the exact moment when a normal guy goes from being just like us to being somehow better, faster, stronger.” I tend to disagree. I think origin stories show us not how to become super but how to be heroes, choosing other people’s needs over the pursuit of one’s own wealth and power. I’ve learned this through hundreds of conversations at comic book meetings, where fans have been remarkably honest about their lives and the inspiration they draw from superhero stories. I’ve found that superheroes go through three types of life-changing experiences that we can relate to. The first is trauma (创伤), which lies at the heart of Batman’s origin story, in which Bruce Wayne commits himself to fighting crime after seeing his parents killed. In real life, many people experience “stress-caused growth” after a trauma and determine to help others. The second life-changing force is destiny (命运). Consider Buffy the Vampire Slayer, about a normal teenager who discovers she’s the “Chosen One”—born with supernatural powers to fight demons. Buffy is unwilling to accept her destiny, yet she throws herself into her new job. Lastly, there’s pure chance, which transformed a young Spider-Man, who was using his power for selfish (自私的) purposes until his beloved uncle was killed by a street thug. Spider-Man’s heroism is an example of how random negative events cause many of us to reflect on our lives and choose a different path. At their best, superhero origin stories inspire us and provide models of coping with difficulties, finding meaning in loss and trauma, discovering our strengths and using them for good purpose. (Wearing a cape or tights is not a must. ) 1．How did Adam Markovitz feel about every superhero movie being an origin story? A．Surprised. B．Disappointed. C．Fascinated. D．Inspired. 2．What experience led Bruce Wayne to become a hero? A．Suffering from great stress. B．Fighting crime with great devotion. C．Relating to Batman’s origin story. D．Witnessing his parents being killed. 3．What did Buffy do after she found her destiny? A．She couldn’t wait to accept her role. B．She used her power for selfish purposes. C．She refused to take on the responsibility. D．She committed herself to her role eventually. 4．According to the author, why do people love origin stories? A．Because they inspire us to put others before ourselves. B．Because they lie at the heart of every superhero movie. C．Because they explore the impact of negative events on life. D．Because they show how ordinary people become extraordinary. Passage 3 （23-24高二上·浙江金华一中·期中） In recent times, the marriage between technology and art has rekindled a new age of theatre, ushering (引入) in an era known as Digital Theatre. This concept has broken traditional boundaries, offering an immersive experience that overcame geographical and social limitations. The integration of digital elements within theatrical performances has not only enriched the narrative but also expanded the audience reach globally. The foremost contributor to this revolutionary movement is the use of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality(VR) technologies. These technologies provide a gateway for the audience to step into the narrative, experiencing the storyline in a more personal and engaging way. For instance, a play based on ancient Rome could transport the audience to the Colosseum, with digital recreations of the ancient ruins, giving a firsthand experience of the historic setting. Moreover, the digital platform has opened doors for more people. Streaming performances online has made theatre accessible to individuals who were previously unable to attend due to physical or financial constraints. This digital shift has also encouraged a new generation of playwrights and actors, who now have a global platform to show their talents. On the negative side, some people argue that digital theatre dilutes the essence of traditional theatre, taking away the authenticity (真实性) and the human connection that live performances offer. Despite the criticism, many believe that digital theatre is not a replacement, but an evolution that allows for a combination of tradition and modernity. The digital theatre movement also raises questions about the preservation of cultural integrity. As digital elements become more and more popular, there is a fear that the traditional theatre may be overshadowed or forgotten. Yet, others argue that this combination of technology and art is a celebration of cultural evolution, presenting an opportunity to introduce traditional theatre to a modern audience in a refreshing way. 1．Paragraph 1 mainly talks about ________. A．The global reach of digital theatre. B．The historical background of theatre. C．The traditional boundaries of theatre. D．The integration of digital elements in theatre. 2．How do AR and VR contribute to digital theatre according to the passage? A．By providing financial support. B．By enabling online streaming. C．By enhancing audience participation. D．By recruiting new talents. 3．What does the underlined word “dilute” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．strengthen B．show C．weaken D．answer 4．The author thinks that the digital theatre movement ________. A．poses a threat to cultural preservation. B．is a mere replacement for traditional theatre. C．neglects the importance of human connection. D．encourages a combination of tradition and modernity. Passage 4 （24-25高二上·浙江金砖联盟·期中） On Aug 20, the highly anticipated Black Myth: Wukong — A Chinese self-developed AAA game — made its first public appearance at home and abroad, immediately becoming a hit in the industry. Notably, the game has also sparked interest in Chinese culture, as it is greatly grounded in Chinese mythology and inspired by the legends of the Monkey King — or Sun Wukong — in Journey to the West, a Chinese classic novel that has been represented in numerous films, TV shows and cartoons. Another distinguishing characteristic of the game is that its art design has taken inspiration from ancient Chinese architecture and other traditional cultural heritages. This cultural feature of the game has resulted in additional benefits outside the game industry, arousing passionate enthusiasm from netizens to experience the Chinese cultural heritage displayed in the game. Thus, according to Chinese media reports, it has generated a new touring option — following in the footsteps of Wukong to see the Chinese cultural attractions. Shanxi is no doubt one of the biggest beneficiaries of this cultural tourism boom as the North China province boasts the largest number of locations where the game takes place. Of the 36 scenic spots featured in the game, 27 are located in Shanxi, according to Shanxi’s cultural and tourism officials. “Shanxi was selected by the game’s development team as the major destination for filming,” added the officials, “because it boasts some 28,000 sites of ancient buildings — the largest number in China’s provincial-level regions.” The cooperation between Shanxi and Game Science has achieved a win-win result. As Black Myth: Wukong becomes a hit domestically and globally, Shanxi has seen an immediate rise in popularity in its tourism industry. Over the past two weeks after the game’s release, Huayan Temple in Datong, for instance, reported a 50 percent increase in tourist visits compared with the same period of last year, according to local officials. Latest media reports predicted that Shanxi will be among the hottest destinations during the coming National Day holiday in early October thanks to the game. On popular online travel platform Qunar, the number of searches of Shanxi soared by 1.2 times in August compared with the previous month. 1．Why did the game immediately become a hit according to the passage? A．It appeals much to young game players. B．It is independently developed in China. C．It features varieties of cultural elements. D．It comes from an ancient classic novel. 2．What has the popular game brought about? A．A great enthusiasm about a Chinese novel. B．A keen interest in Chinese cultural heritage. C．A well-developed tourism industry in China. D．A deep exploration of the Chinese legends. 3．What can be inferred from the statements of the officials of Shanxi? A．There was a rise of 50 percent in the tourist visits of Shanxi. B．Shanxi benefited the most from this phenomenal game craze. C．Shanxi owns the most ancient architectures in China’s regions. D．More than half of the scenic spots involved are located in Shanxi. 4．What can be the best title of the text? A．Video Games Boost Local Tourism. B．Shanxi Tourism Sees Surprising Increase. C．Video Games Bring Digital Revival. D．Cultural Tourism Improves Video Games. Passage 5 （23-24高二上·浙江浙南名校·期中） “The value of people cannot be defined,” this is the philosophy by which Majda Gibran, better known in Egypt as “Mama Maggie”, lives. She devoted over three decades of her life to serving the less fortunate. Her work empowered over 33,000 children in Cairo to achieve their potential and successfully leave Cairo’s slums (贫民窟). Her story begins with what was meant to be a quick visit to the slums in Cairo. She knew right away she would devote the rest of her life to helping those in need, especially children. The scenes of poverty in the slums forever changed her life. Mama Maggie soon abandoned the comforts of her previous life and quit her job as an American University professor to lend a helping hand to those who needed her most. She began sharing meals, gifts and basic necessities to less fortunate families in the slums. Her warmth and sincerity gave residents a sense of hope and dignity. In 1985, Mama Maggie founded the Stephen’s Children Foundation, with the mission to empower children and young people to lead their own development and lift them out of poverty. The foundation provides education and training to thousands of children living in poverty. Over the last few years, the foundation has extended its social and educational initiatives to thousands of families and children in other poor neighborhoods. To date, Mama Maggie has established 92 educational centres nationwide to teach over 18,000 children and carried out healthcare campaigns that provides treatment to over 40,000 patients annually. She conducts visits to more than 13,000 children to provide training services. Her foundation’s three training centres for mothers and children empower families to earn their own income. Her foundation has benefited over 33,000 children, with the help of about 2,000 volunteers, and it is still growing today. Mama Maggie, a Nobel Prize nominee (被提名人), never sought fame or reward for her work. She desires to be remembered as a hope maker who made a difference in the lives of every person that crossed her path. 1．What inspired Mama Maggie’s devotion to the less fortunate? A．Her visit to the slums. B．The quitting of her previous work. C．The saying of a philosopher. D．The potential of the less fortunate. 2．The foundation was mainly intended to . A．offer the poor basic necessities B．improve the local healthcare C．promote the local education D．bring the poor hopeful prospects 3．Why are the figures listed in paragraph 4? A．To imply the celebrity of Mama Maggie. B．To demonstrate the rise of the foundation. C．To stress the contribution of Mama Maggie. D．To illustrate the popularity of the foundation. 4．Which words can best describe Mama Maggie? A．Considerate and optimistic. B．Caring and devoted. C．Responsible and humorous. D．Tolerant and helpful. 主题01 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·浙江七彩阳光·期中） Not long after my daughter was born in early 2013, I had a serious thought about the life that lay ahead for her. With health and luck, she will live long enough to see the dawn of the 22nd century. As a journalist, I often encounter the date 2100. It’s a milestone year frequently mentioned in climate change news reports, stories about future technologies and science fiction. But it’s so far ahead that the route we will take to get there is difficult to see. I rarely consider that, like my daughter, millions of people alive today will be there as 2100 arrives, inheriting the century my generation will leave behind. For many of us, how often can we truly say we are thinking about the well-being of these future generations? How often do we think about the impact of our decisions on the decades and centuries ahead? Part of the problem is that the “‘now’commands so much more attention,” the sociologist Elise Boulding once said. “If one is mentally out of breath all the time from dealing with the present, there is no energy left for imagining the future.” No wonder problems like climate change or inequality feel so hard to handle right now. That’s why researchers are coming to the same conclusion that short-termism (短期主义) may be the greatest threat our species is facing this century. Despite our natural ability to look and plan ahead, we have a weakness in our thinking called “present bias.” For example, people are more likely to accept an offer of£10 today, rather than a guarantee of £12 in a week. They also tend to spend on pleasures, not save for rainy days. I understand the dangers of short-termism. I can both justify the argument and feel the need to care more about future generations. But I admit I still struggle with how to translate that into clear action as an individual. To realize that we are just one in a chain of generations, we owe an obligation (义务) to our future generations to leave a better world than the one we inherited ourselves. 1．What is Paragraph2 mainly about? A．People’s expectation of the year 2100. B．The author’s thoughts on the year 2100. C．The author’s plan for his daughter’s future. D．People’s attitude to the importance of the year 2100. 2．Why do many of us rarely consider our future generations according to Elise Boulding? A．Owing to our ignorance of the future. B．Because of people’s inability to plan for the future. C．Because of our difficulty in handling future problems. D．Due to the lack of our mental energy to consider the future. 3．What does the underlined word “bias” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Preference. B．Disorder. C．Balance. D．Freedom. 4．What’s the author’s purpose in writing this article? A．To criticize those who favor short-term rewards. B．To express his dissatisfaction with the young generations. C．To inspire people to think more about the future generations. D．To show his determination to speak for his daughter’s future. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·浙江9+1联盟·期中） Two small white dogs appeared as I arrived at a ranch house a few miles off the highway in Hempstead, followed by John Mendola, a retired police officer. He introduced me to the dogs, Princess Ariel and Princess Jasmine. They were named for a deceased dog named Princess to whom they are similar in every detail. And they should be: they are Princess’s clones. It has now been nearly thirty years since cloning mammals (哺乳动物) became possible. The technology has mainly been used to produce cattle, sheep, and pigs. However, since 2005, more than two thousand dogs have been successfully cloned. Biologically, it is not very different from that of cloned cows or sheep, but in other respects the cloning of pets raises a host of ethical (伦理的) and identity issues. There are issues of exploitation (剥削) — both of grieving owners who hope to bring back their lost pets, and of the unseen animals whose bodies are used in making a clone. There’s the issue of supply: the production of tailored dogs in a society when so many good, naturally born ones in shelters are in need of adoption. Finally, there’s an existential issue: who, exactly, is produced when a dog is cloned? Dogs are seen by most owners as a species of individuals, with distinct personalities. We keep them for companionship. As a result, we have placed our ideas of selfhood onto them, giving them preferences, fears, and moods. But, if it is dogs’ individuality that we value, how can we accept the idea that their unique and unreproducible selves can, in fact, be reproduced? As a matter of fact, among the people who have cloned their dogs, many struggled to say exactly what it was about the original animal that they had wanted to reproduce, especially in contrast to other dogs they had loved but hadn’t felt like cloning. Many spoke of the original as simply “special” — but the specific nature of that specialness seemed almost impossible to be explained. Perhaps the desire was less about re-creating the original dog than about bringing back the unique relationship that had been established with the animal. 1．What can we learn about the two white dogs in the first paragraph? A．They were named after a princess. B．They were clones of a late dog. C．They were distinct from each other. D．They were naturally produced by Princess. 2．How is the cloning of dogs different from that of other mammals? A．It has higher success rates. B．It raises more moral concerns. C．It is technically more challenging. D．It stirs greater public curiosity. 3．Which word best describes the author’s attitude to the cloning of dogs? A．Unclear. B．Objective. C．Favourable. D．Disapproving. 4．Why do people desire to clone their dogs? A．To deal with the identity issue. B．To reproduce the original animal. C．To recreate a distinctive emotional bond. D．To find out the specialness of the original dog. Passage 3 （23-24高二上·浙江Z20名校·期中） Having spent more than a decade on the dance floor, ROME — Niccolo Filippi, a 23-year-old Italian dance performer, recently decided to explore Chinese culture and its traditional dance forms and believes that this experience will not only boost his career, but also broaden his horizons beyond the world of dance. His interest in diversifying his skills grew after he stumbled upon a short video of traditional Chinese-styled dance on YouTube. “I saw it as an art that combines tradition and modernity, which was mostly the reason why I liked it,” says Filippi. Ever since, he has been closely following Chinese dance performers and watching numerous videos to learn more about the traditional style that he admires. “I prefer the traditional style because of its light movements. It also reflects my personality with elegance,” he adds. Filippi’s chance came when he was invited to perform for a Chinese New Year celebration in the central Italian city of Florence. He has since fully committed himself to the art form, learning several pieces and putting his newfound passion into practice. “The biggest difference that I found (compared to other disciplines) is the change of mood and emotional expressions among dances,” says Filippi, adding that he needed to shift from the dynamic moves of hip-hop to the graceful and fluid movements of Chinese dance. Despite various obstacles, Filippi’s efforts have not gone unnoticed. Two of his friends shared videos of his performances on social media, and the response was overwhelming. One video garnered 500,000 views, while the other received 200,000 views. Filippi believes that learning about different cultures is priceless, and he sees it as a means of personal growth. “I like to think of a person as a book,” he says. “Embracing different traditions and cultures, such as Chinese culture and many others, is like adding new chapters to my book, making it more diverse and wonderful.” 1．What is the main reason why Filippi falls in love with traditional Chinese dance? A．Its potential to boost his career. B．Its mix of traditional and modern elements. C．Its graceful and light movements. D．Its true reflection of his elegant personality. 2．How does the author illustrate the popularity of Filippi’s videos? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example. C．By sharing a story. D．By making a comparison. 3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Filippi thinks little of learning from other cultures. B．People prefer to write down their past experiences. C．Accepting various cultures boosts personal growth. D．A book with chapters on traditions is more wonderful. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Chinese-styled dance videos go viral on social media. B．An Italian’s dance journey towards specialization starts. C．Filippi’s desire for Chinese culture extends beyond dance. D．An Italian dancer shows passion for Chinese-styled dance. 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·浙江杭二中·期中） I’ve worked in the factories surrounding my hometown every summer since I graduated from high school, but making the transition between school and full-time blue-collar work during the break never gets any easier. For a student like me who considers any class before noon to be uncivilized, getting to a factory by 6o’clock each morning is torture. My friends never seem to understand why I’m so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation. There’re few people as self-confident as a college student who had never been out in the real world. People my age always seem to overestimate the value of their time and knowledge. In fact, all the classes did not prepare me for my battles with the machine I ran in the plant, which would jam whenever I absent-mindedly put in a part backward or upside down. The most stressful thing about blue-collar life is knowing your job could disappear overnight. Issues like downsizing and overseas relocation (迁移) had always seemed distant to me until my co-workers told me that the unit I was working in would shut down within six months and move to Mexico, where people would work for 60 cents an hour. After working 12-hour shifts in a factory, the other opinions have become only too clear. When I’m back at the university, skipping classes and turning in lazy rewrites seems too irresponsible after seeing what I would be doing without school. All the advice and public-service announcements about the value of an education that used to sound stale (陈腐的) now ring true. These lessons I’m learning, however valuable, are always mixed with a sense of guilt. Many people pass their lives in the places I briefly work, spending 30 years where I spend only two months at a time. “This job pays well, but it’s hell on the body,” said one co-worker. “Study hard and keep reading,” she added. My experiences in the factories have inspired me to make the most of my college years before I enter the real world for good. 1．What does the author think of his summer days while at college? A．They brought him nothing but torture. B．They were no holiday for him at all. C．They were a relief from his hard work at school. D．They offered him a chance to know more people. 2．What does the author say about college students? A．They expect too much from the real world. B．They have much interest in white-collar life. C．They are not confident of their future. D．They think too highly of themselves. 3．In what important way has the author’s work experience changed him? A．He learned to be more practical. B．He came to respect blue-collar workers. C．He came to appreciate his college education. D．He got a sense of guilt for his social practice. 4．Why does the author feel somewhat guilty? A．He has not done much to help his co-workers at the factory. B．He looks down upon the mechanical work at the working place. C．He has stayed at school just for the purpose of escaping from the real world. D．He realizes there is a great divide between his life and that of blue-collar workers. 主题03 人与自然——环境 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·浙江宁波余姚·期中） We are all aware of the damaging pollution that’s created by driving petrol and diesel(柴油) vehicles. Many of the world’s cities are blocked with traffic, creating fumes containing gases such as nitrogen oxides.The solution for a cleaner, greener future could be electric vehicles. But how optimistic should we be? There was much excitement last year when the UK government announced it will ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars from 2030. But is that easier said than done? The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off. Currently, battery life is an issue ——a fully charged battery won’t take you as far as a full tank of petrol. There are also limited numbers of charging points to plug an electric vehicle into. Of course, technology is always improving. Some of the biggest tech companies, like Google and Tesla, are spending huge amounts of money developing electric cars. And most of the big car manufacturers are now making them too. Colin Herron, a consultant on low-carbon vehicle technology, told the BBC, “The big leap forward will come with solid-state batteries, which will appear first in mobile phones and laptops before they progress to cars. “These will charge more quickly and give cars a bigger range. Cost is another issue that may discourage people switching to electric power. But some countries offer incentive, such as cutting prices by reducing import taxes, and not charging for road tax and parking. Some also provide exclusive lanes for electric cars to be driven on, overtaking traditional cars which might be stuck in jams. These kinds of measures have made Norway the country with the most electric cars per capita(人均) at more than thirty electric cars per 1000 inhabitants. But Colin Herron warns that “electric motoring” doesn’t mean a zero-carbon future. “It’s emission-free motoring, but the car has to be built, the battery has to be built, and the electricity does come from somewhere.” Maybe it’s time to think about making fewer journeys or using public transport. 1．What can we infer from the question at the end of Paragraph 1? A．It is not easy to obtain a greener future by means of electric vehicles. B．Electric vehicles may not solve the traffic problems. C．We should not be too optimistic about the future. D．It’s not a good idea to replace petrol vehicles with electric ones. 2．What does the underlined word “incentive” mean in Paragraph 2? A．permission B．encouragement C．admission D．insistence 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Electric motoring will create a zero-carbon future. B．Putting solid-state batteries in electric cars first will be a “great leap forward”. C．There are four obstacles on the road to global traffic being totally electric. D．Electric cars might not get stuck in traffic jams in the future. 4．What is the most suitable title for the text? A．Electric Power or Petrol: A Tough Decision to Make B．Electric Vehicles: A Road to a Greener Future C．Total Electric Traffic: A Long Way to Go D．Petrol and Diesel Vehicles: A Main Source of Gases 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $