14.Unit 3 Home and Places（主题阅读）-2025-2026学年上学期七年级英语知识点梳理与巩固（北师大版2024）

2025-2026学年上学期七年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(北师大版2024) Unit 3 Home and Places主题阅读 必备知识清单 单元主题阅读 一、阅读主题 本主题以 “家及相关场所” 为核心，衔接七年级学生对生活空间的认知需求，通过 “家庭空间布局、物品摆放、社区周边场所” 三大维度展开，既涵盖卧室、厨房等家居场景的细节描述，也包含超市、公园等社区场所的位置关系，最终实现 “用英语描述生活空间、建立空间认知” 的目标，是连接语言学习与生活实践的关键主题。 1. 主题内涵 核心是 “空间的语言表达与意义承载”，既包括家居、社区等物理空间的位置关系（如方位、距离），也涵盖空间中物品的功能属性及人与空间的互动。 物理空间描述：My dream home is in a forest with a big garden outside. 物品功能关联：We cook meals in the kitchen and do homework in the study. 人与空间互动：I often take a walk in the park near my home after dinner. 2. 素养体现 紧扣英语学科核心素养，实现多维能力培养： 语言能力：能运用方位介词和 There be 句型传递空间信息，如 “The bookstore is between the cafe and the library”. 思维品质：通过梳理 “场所 - 物品 - 活动” 逻辑链培养分析能力，如从 “living room - sofa - watch TV” 的关联中构建空间认知。 学习能力：借助图文匹配任务自主积累空间词汇，如通过 “bedroom” 配图联想 “pillow、quilt” 等词汇。 文化意识：对比不同空间表达的文化差异，如知晓 “garden” 在西方家居中的常见性。 3. 策略要求 聚焦 “空间信息的获取与转化”，核心策略包括： 信息定位：带着 “Where is...?” 问题寻找关键方位词，如读文时标记 “next to、across from” 等信号词. 逻辑梳理：用 “场所→位置→物品” 框架整合信息，如整理为 “The kitchen is near the living room. There is a fridge in it”。 语境迁移：将文本句式应用于真实场景，如模仿 “I live in a small house with a garden” 描述自己的家。 4. 文化品质 体现中西方 “空间认知与表达” 的文化差异： 居住文化：西方家居常强调 “独立空间与自然连接”，如 “My room has a big window with a forest view”；中式表达更侧重 “家庭聚合性”，如 “There are three bedrooms for my family”。 地址表达：西方 “从小到大” 的顺序，如 “My home is at 5 Street, near the park”；中式则为 “从大到小”。 社区功能：西方社区 “bank、post office” 多集中布局，如 “The bank is across from the post office”。 二、词汇句式 1. 主题词汇 家居空间：bedroom（卧室）、kitchen（厨房）、living room（客厅）、bathroom（浴室）、study（书房）、garden（花园）、balcony（阳台）、dining room（餐厅）、yard（院子）、garage（车库） 社区场所：supermarket（超市）、park（公园）、hospital（医院）、bank（银行）、post office（邮局）、bus stop（公交站）、cafe（咖啡馆）、library（图书馆）、school（学校）、bookstore（书店） 家居物品：bed（床）、sofa（沙发）、table（桌子）、chair（椅子）、fridge（冰箱）、desk（书桌）、lamp（台灯）、pillow（枕头）、quilt（被子）、bookcase（书柜）、TV（电视）、clock（时钟） 方位介词：next to（紧挨着）、between（在… 之间）、in front of（在… 前面）、behind（在… 后面）、near（在… 附近）、across from（在… 对面）、on（在… 上面）、under（在… 下面）、in（在… 里面）、above（在… 上方） 空间特征：big（大的）、small（小的）、bright（明亮的）、quiet（安静的）、clean（干净的）、modern（现代的）、special（特别的）、central（中心的）、nearby（附近的）、spacious（宽敞的） 2. 主题句式 询问位置 1. Where is the supermarket? → It’s next to the bank.（超市在哪里？在银行旁边。） 2. 2. Is there a park near here? → Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.（这附近有公园吗？有。/ 没有。）3. Where are the books? → They’re on the desk.（书在哪里？在桌子上。） 描述住所 1. I live in a small house with a garden.（我住在带花园的小房子里。）2. My dream home is in a forest.（我梦想的家在森林里。）3. There are two bedrooms in my home.（我家有两间卧室。）4. This is my new house. It’s very bright.（这是我的新房子，很明亮。） 方位表达 1. The bookstore is between the cafe and the library.（书店在咖啡馆和图书馆之间。）2. The cat is under the table.（猫在桌子下面。）3. The living room is in front of the bedroom.（客厅在卧室前面。）4. The school is across from the hospital.（学校在医院对面。） 物品存在 1. There is a sofa in the living room.（客厅里有一张沙发。）2. There are three chairs in the kitchen.（厨房里有三把椅子。）3. There is a pen and two books on the desk.（桌子上有一支笔和两本书。）4. Is there a TV in your bedroom? → No, there isn’t.（你卧室里有电视吗？没有。） 空间活动 1. We cook meals in the kitchen.（我们在厨房做饭。）2. I do homework in the study.（我在书房写作业。）3. She takes a bus at the bus stop.（她在公交站乘车。）4. They read books in the library.（他们在图书馆看书。） 空间特征 1. The room is very quiet and clean.（这个房间又安静又干净。）2. My study has a big window with a good view.（我的书房有扇视野好的大窗户。）3. The community is near the central park.（这个社区在中央公园附近。） 三、优化策略 1. 空间定位策略 核心方法：聚焦方位介词与场所名词的搭配，通过 “标记 - 匹配 - 梳理” 三步提取空间信息。 操作步骤：①读文时用横线标记 “next to、between” 等方位词；②用圆圈圈出 “bedroom、supermarket” 等场所词；③匹配二者关系形成 “场所 + 方位 + 参照物” 的信息链。 案例应用：阅读 “Outside, there is a big garden with many plants. The garden is next to the living room” 时，梳理为 “garden → next to → living room”。 素养价值：培养细节查找能力，破解 “方位混乱” 阅读难点。 2. 图文转化策略 核心方法：借助文本配图或自主绘图，将文字信息转化为可视化空间图。 操作步骤：①根据 “there be” 句型标注物品位置，如 “There is a desk by the window” 对应图中 “窗户旁画书桌”；②用箭头标注方位关系，如 “across from” 用双向箭头表示。 案例应用：阅读 Daniel 的梦想家语篇时，绘制 “森林→花园→客厅→卧室” 的空间布局图。 素养价值：通过 “文字 - 图像” 转化深化空间逻辑理解，符合七年级具象思维特点。 3. 结构拆解策略 核心方法：按 “总述 - 分述 - 总结” 梳理语篇结构，聚焦 “位置 - 物品 - 活动” 三大要素。 操作步骤：①找总起句（如 “My dream home is in a forest”）；②分述部分按 “外部空间→内部空间→特色区域” 拆分；③提取各部分 “场所、物品、活动” 关键词。 案例应用：拆解电子邮件语篇时，将 “操场（位置：学校东侧；活动：打篮球）、教学楼（位置：操场旁；物品：智能白板）” 分类整理。 素养价值：培养归纳概括能力，掌握说明性语篇的阅读逻辑。 4. 语境猜词策略 核心方法：结合 “空间场景 + 搭配关系” 推测生词含义。 操作步骤：①判断生词所属空间类别（如家居 / 场所 / 方位）；②根据前后文搭配猜义，如 “People cook in the k______” 结合 “cook” 猜 “kitchen”。 案例应用：遇到 “The b______ has many books”，结合 “books” 及空间场景猜 “bookcase”。 素养价值：提升自主阅读能力，降低生词对理解的干扰。 综合实战演练 1 The community canteens (食堂) in neighborhoods in cities attract (吸引) more and more young people nowadays. “It truly helps and saves time in our daily life. The food isn’t expensive and the workers are nice. I once bought a meat dish. It only cost me thirteen yuan and it was delicious.” said Guo Zhiliang. Ji Heng is another young eater at this canteen. With a baby in his arms, Ji said, “It’s convenient (方便的) to have breakfast here because it’s close to our home and the price is not high.” The community canteens are also getting popular online. Many young people share their dining experiences at community canteens. As the canteens are getting more popular in some cities, many young people show their likes about the dishes and ask where the canteens are or if their neighborhoods have the same kind of canteens. The community canteens are usually built to help the old people in neighborhoods. But why are they popular? “Because young people have busy work and they have little time for cooking and cleaning the kitchen. And the takeaway food is unhealthy,” Jin Tianlin, a researcher said. The community canteens not only let the young have delicious meals, but also help them be free from cleaning the kitchen. So more and more young people love them. 1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Guo Zhiliang bought a meat dish for 30 yuan. B．Ji Heng likes the canteen because the breakfast is cheap. C．Young people share their cooking skills online. D．Takeaway food is healthier than canteen food. 2．Why do young people love community canteens according to Jin Tianlin? A．Because the canteens are open all day. B．Because young people enjoy cooking. C．Because they are close to their home. D．Because they save time for kitchen work. 3．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Old people have new eating habits. B．Good canteens around the cities. C．Community canteens attract the young. D．Dining experiences in different cities. 2 My name is Dories. This is my neighborhood. There is a big supermarket near my house. My mother often goes shopping there. Across from the supermarket is a school. It’s my school. There is a library next to the school. I like reading books there. Dories I’m Scott. My neighborhood is busy. There are a lot of stores and restaurants in my neighborhood. My house is on a street corner. There is a post office near it. And next to the post office is a pay phone. Scott My name is Helen. There is a big park in my neighborhood. Lots of people go there to have fun. I also like to play there. There is a restaurant across from the park. A bank is next to the restaurant. And some clothes stores are near the bank. Helen 4．Where is Dories’ school? A．It’s behind a library. B．It’s across from a library. C．It’s behind a supermarket. D．It’s across from a supermarket. 5．The underlined word “there” is the ________. A．school B．library C．supermarket D．bookstore 6．What can NOT be known from the passage? A．Dories, Scott and Helen study in the same school. B．Scott’s neighborhood is busy. C．There are some clothes stores near the bank in Helen’s neighborhood. D．Dories’ mother often buys food in the supermarket near their house. 3 Do all people live in tall buildings? Of course not. There are many kinds of houses in the world. Let’s visit some of them. The ice house Eskimos live in ice houses in winter. There aren’t any windows in them so cold winds can’t go in. Ice can keep them warm. The houses are strong, but people can’t cook in them. The cave dwelling (岩洞) A cave is cool in summer and warm in winter. Each room has only a big window. People make a fire under the bed, so it’s very warm in winter. The Mongolian tent (蒙古包) It’s easy to build a Mongolian tent. People make it out of wood, hair felt (毛毡) and ropes. It looks small. It’s a dream home for Mongolian people. They like to sing and dance in it after herding (放牧) sheep. The village of water In Cambodia (柬埔寨), there are a lot of lakes, so some people build their houses on the water. They come and go by boat. They buy and sell things on boats. Students go to school and come home by boat, too. 7．Why is a cave dwelling warm in winter? A．Because it has a big window. B．Because it looks small. C．Because cold winds can’t go in. D．Because people make a fire under the bed. 8．Mary is from Cambodia. She goes to school ________. A．by boat B．on foot C．by car D．by bike 9．What may be Mary’s dream home if she likes sheep? A．A cave. B．An ice house. C．A Mongolian tent. D．A house on the water. 4 Mr and Mrs Lu want to buy a new flat in Zhenjiang. They got online for flat-buying information. Here is what they found. Flats for Sale Fengrun GardenBuilt in 2020 Lingyue HomeBuilt in 2021 Rooms:* Three bedrooms, a living room, a dining room, a bathroom and a balcony * The balcony faces south, with a good view of the street. Price:1,500,000 yuan Place: In Runzhou District, Zhenjiang. 1 km from Zhenjiang Railway Station, near Wanda Plaza. Rooms:* Two bedrooms, a living room, a bathroom and a small study * There’s a small storage (储藏) room in the corridor (走廊). Price:1,200,000 yuan Place: In Jingkou District, Zhenjiang. 3 km from Jiaoshan Park, close to a local middle school. More information: Contact Li Hua at 13812345678/ zjrunzhou@163.com More information: Contact Wang Ming at 15987654321/ lingyuehome@qq.com Mr Lu often takes trains for business trips and likes shopping in his free time. Mrs Lu hopes to live in a place without noise and wants a room for reading and working. They are thinking about which flat to choose. 10．How many rooms are there in Lingyue Home in all? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 11．Why might (可能) Mr Lu choose Fengrun Garden? A．Because it is close to the train station. B．Because it is far from the city centre. C．Because the flat faces south. D．Because it has much room for old things. 12．Which part of the newspaper may the passage come from? A．Geography. B．Culture. C．Housing. D．Shopping. 5 The community canteens (食堂) in neighborhoods in cities attract (吸引) more and more young people nowadays. “It truly helps and saves time in our daily life. The food isn’t expensive and the workers are nice. I once bought a meat dish. It only cost me thirteen yuan and it was delicious.” said Guo Zhiliang. Ji Heng is another young eater at this canteen. With a baby in his arms, Ji suid, “It’s convenient (方便的) to have breakfast here because it’s close to our home and the price is not high.” The community canteens are also getting popular online. Many young people share their dining experiences at community canteens. As the canteens are getting more popular in some cities, many young people show their likes about the dishes and ask where the canteens are or if their neighborhoods have the same kind of canteens. The community canteens are usually built to help the old people in neighborhoods. But why are they popular? “Because young people have busy work and they have little time for cooking and cleaning the kitchen. And the takeaway food is unhealthy,” Jin Tianlin, a researcher said. The community canteens not only let the young have delicious meals, but also help them be free from cleaning the kitchen. So more and more young people love them. 13．How does the writer tell us the canteens are popular in paragraph 2? A．By giving examples. B．By using pictures. C．By listing numbers. D．By asking questions. 14．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Guo Zhiliang bought a meat dish for 30 yuan. B．Ji Heng likes the canteen because the breakfast is cheap. C．Young people share their cooking skills online. D．Takeaway food is healthier than canteen food. 15．Why do young people love community canteens according to Jin Tianlin? A．Because the canteens are open all day. B．Because young people enjoy cooking. C．Because they are close to their home. D．Because they save time for kitchen work. 16．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Old people have new eating habits. B．Good canteens around the cities. C．Community canteens attract the young. D．Dining experiences in different cities. 6 Rules for living in Sunny Flat Attention (注意) please! Here are some rules for the people in our neighbourhood. We hope everyone should follow. Cleaning We clean the stairs (楼梯) every Monday, Thursday and Saturday. So please try to keep them tidy and clean and do not leave rubbish (垃圾) bags on the stairs or in the hallways. Rubbish Rubbish collection is on Tuesdays. Please do not leave rubbish bags out before or after Tuesday. Noise Try to make less noise. Loud music can disturb (干扰) other people and we will get in touch with you if you make too much noise. Safety Make sure the main outside door is always locked and do not let anyone into the main building unless you know who they are. Washing There is a washing line for every flat in the garden next to the car park. Please only dry your washing on these lines so that it does not disturb people in the ground floor flats. Problems If you have any problems or questions, please call Mr Wu at 87695430. You can also chat with him by QQ 53487902. 17．How often do they clean the stairs? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Three times a week. D．Four times a week. 18．When can people leave their rubbish bags out? A．On Monday. B．On Tuesday. C．On Wednesday. D．On Thursday. 19．What can you do if you have any problems? A．Call Mrs Wu. B．Call Mr Wu at 53487902. C．Go to Mr Wu’s office. D．Chat with Mr Wu by QQ. 20．According to the notice, which of the following is done once a week? A．Rubbish collection. B．Drying the washing. C．Cleaning the stairs. D．Locking the outside door. 7 Everyone needs help sometimes. People depend on one another. That’s why communities have special people ready to help people in need. For example, what would we do without a community fire station? If a home catches fire, as the Jacksons’ place did last week, it might be burned down (烧毁) and people might get hurt ... or worse. We’re so lucky to have firemen to come to save people and put out the fire safely.   And what about police officers? They protect our families, our homes and important things. The police have helped so many families this past year, especially saving people and pets and protecting our houses and other things after the heavy rain.   Think about all the other service workers in this community. There are cleaners to collect rubbish and keep our community sanitary. We have road workers and they put up and repair traffic signs and fix holes in the streets to protect not just us, but our cars! And what would this community be without the teachers in our school and the doctors and nurses in our community hospitals? Think again about what we eat every day and what we wear every day. We cannot produce (生产) them, but we use them all the time. These tireless workers keep our community running. We get a lot from them and need them in the community. We depend on each other. Let’s help each other. Only in this way can we make our community a better place. 21．What happened to the Jacksons last week? A．They couldn’t find their pets. B．Their car was badly burned. C．Their house caught fire. D．They couldn’t find their keys. 22．Who gave help to families after the heavy rain? A．Firemen. B．Doctors. C．Road workers. D．Police officers. 23．What does the underlined word “sanitary” mean? A．Clean. B．Safe. C．Quiet. D．Busy. 8 The thermostatic (恒温的) houseLook at the picture.  Do you want to live in a house with the fixed (固定的) temperature at about 20.5℃ all year round? In this house you don’t have to worry about the hot summer days or cold winter days. If you are interested, please contact (联系): 13884158888 (also WeChat number). The sports houseIf you are fat, you may want to lose weight. However, you may not have time to go to the gym.  Here is a sports house for you.  You can do exercise on the equipment (器材) in the house. If you are interested, please contact 13846318889 (also WeChat number) The house with good public facilities (公共设施)Do you want to live in a perfect community? Hospitals, schools and shopping malls are all around. If you are interested, please contact: 13848168889 (also WeChat number). The five-star houseWould you like to live in a five-star hotel? Many people would answer “Yes”. Now we will give you a five-star house. You can enjoy the five-star services (服务) in your house. If you are interested, please contact: 13848839189 (also WeChat number) 24．What is the temperature of the thermostatic house? A．It is about 29. 5℃. B．It is about 20. 5℃. C．It is about 11. 5℃. D．It is about 2. 5℃. 25．If Jackson wants to live near a school, a hospital and a shopping mall, which house may he be interested in? A．The sports house. B．The five-star house. C．The thermostatic house. D．The house with good public facilities. 26．If Emma’s mother wants to live in a house with a good services, what would she do? A．Call 13848168889. B．Call 13848839189 C．Call 13846318889. D．Call 13884158888 8 Do you know the meaning of sharing? There was a clever and rich man. He had a big, beautiful house with a large garden full of fruit trees. He was a friendly man and he was always kind to others. But not everyone was happy for him. There was a jealous (嫉妒的) man who lived in a small, old house next door. He always tried to make the rich man’s life hard. He threw rubbish (垃圾) in his garden and did many other bad things. One sunny day, the rich man woke up and he was very happy. When he went outside, he saw lots of rubbish under the apple trees in his garden. Instead of getting angry, he decided to clean it up. He cleaned his garden and moved all the rubbish away. Then, he took a basket and went to knock on his neighbour’s door. The jealous neighbour heard the knock and opened the door. He was ready to argue (争辩) with his rich neighbour. But to his surprise, the rich man handed him a basket of fresh apples, saying, “The one who has something good should share it with others. These are for you, my dear neighbour.” Seeing that, the jealous neighbour’s face turned red and he couldn’t say a word. 27．What did the jealous neighbour do? A．He wanted to buy the rich man’s big house. B．He picked apples from the rich man’s garden. C．He threw rubbish in the rich man’s garden. D．He often talked with the rich man and other people. 28．Which is the correct order (顺序) of the following things? ①The rich man gave the neighbour a basket of fresh apples. ②The jealous neighbour threw rubbish in the rich man’s garden. ③The jealous neighbour heard the knock and opened the door. ④The rich man cleaned the garden and moved the rubbish away. A．④②③① B．②④①③ C．④②①③ D．②④③① 29．Why did the rich man go to visit his neighbour? A．To give back the rubbish. B．To argue with his neighbour. C．To share some fruit with him. D．To ask him to clean the rubbish. 9 Dear diary, Mom and Dad found a new flat (公寓) today. Now that we are all teenagers, our flat is too small. Sally and I share (共享) a room, and Eric’s room is really small. Our living room is also quite small and it’s a little dark. The windows are too small and there is no balcony (阳台). Our bathroom is big, but it’s really old. So my parents decided to find a new flat for us. The new flat is much bigger. It has four bedrooms, so Sally and I can have our own rooms. Eric’s room is large and it has a balcony. He’s so happy. Mom and dad’s room also has a balcony. There are two bathrooms that are both beautiful and modern. And the living room is excellent. It has two big windows, so it is nice and light. It’s in Eastgardens—about five kilometers from here. It’s closer to our schools, so that’s great. Dad will have to travel a little farther to work, but he doesn’t mind (介意). Here’s the best thing. There’s a swimming pool. Everyone who lives there shares it. I can’t believe (相信) it. I can swim every day after school. I can’t wait to ask all my classmates to have a pool party. I am really excited about that. Stephanie 30．Why do Stephanie’s family need a new flat? A．The old flat is too small for them. B．They want a flat with a swimming pool. C．They want to live in a different neighborhood. D．The parents want to live closer to their work places. 31．Which is TRUE about the new flat? A．There are three bedrooms. B．Eric’s room is not big but has a balcony. C．Stephanie’s father doesn’t like the new flat. D．Sally and Stephanie don’t share a room like before. 32．What can we know from the diary? A．Stephanie is a friendly girl. B．Stephanie feels sorry to leave her old flat. C．Stephanie thinks the new flat is the best in the neighborhood. D．Stephanie hopes the new flat can have a swimming pool one day. 10 In the mountains and forests of southern China, there are many stilt houses (吊脚楼). They are built on hill sides and held up by wooden posts (木柱). These houses belong to the Tujia people. Stilt houses are high above the ground. The tallest Tujia stilt house is in Zhangjiajie, Hunan, and is 109.9 meters tall. The houses have beautiful windows, roof edges (屋檐), and tops. The windows show shapes of animals and plants. The roof edges look like bird wings. Some roofs have wooden dragons. Why do the Tujia people build houses high up? Their homes in Hunan and Hubei have hot and wet summers. Taller houses keep people cooler and safer from floods (洪水) and wild animals. Other groups like the Miao, Buyi, and Dong also build stilt houses in places like Guizhou and Guangxi. 33．Where is the tallest Tujia stilt house? A．In Hubei. B．In Hunan. C．In Guizhou. D．In Guangxi. 34．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．Who likes stilt houses best. B．Why the Tujia people build stilt houses. C．What stilt houses are like. D．Where the Tujia people build their houses. 35．Why do Tujia people build stilt houses high above the ground? A．To make them look more beautiful. B．To stay cool and safe from floods or animals. C．To follow their building traditions. D．To save space for farming. 36．In which newspaper part can you read the passage? A．Cooking. B．Sports. C．Weather. D．Culture. 11 Even in more rural or open areas like Scotland, the newer houses are so small but expensively. Compared to England, Scotland has so much space for much bigger homes like those in the U.S. or Australia, but people there choose to build small homes that look really out of place in the countryside. What’s more, the prices are so high. Why? We are a small country; lend suitable for building is expensive. The price of land is an important part in house prices. Also, in Britain, most houses are built of brick, so labour costs (人力成本) are high. When I visited the U.S., I noted that many of the new houses were built of timber and didn’t have slates (石板) or tiled roofs (用瓦平铺的屋顶). This is why when tornadoes (龙卷风) hit, houses there are blown away. Because of the housing market and prices, I am back for good in France, after 10 years of working in the U.K. For £130,000, you can at least get a three-to four-bedroom cottage and lots of land in France. You might Google “British country houses images” for some nice pictures of bigger houses. There is a huge variety of styles and sizes of houses in the U.K. well worth a look. In the past, nobody could afford bigger houses. And it’s cheaper when you have less space to heat. Remember that it’s not a warm country. If you have been to the U.K. , you will see how crowded it is around cities and towns. There is no room for large houses. What’s more, energy is very expensive in the U.K. and it is cold in winter, so a large house costs a lot of money to heat. 37．According to Berry, what causes Britain to have small but expensive houses? ①Limited land.          ②High labour costs. ③A large population.     ④High prices of land suitable for building. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 38．According to the article, why is Sue back in France? A．She got tired of living in the U.K. B．She has found a better job in France. C．She already has a big house in France. D．She thinks the house prices in the U.K. are too high. 39．Who lists lower energy costs as a benefit of a smaller house? A．Sue and Kim. B．Kim and Chris. C．Berry and Chris. D．Berry and Tiffany. ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年上学期七年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(北师大版2024) Unit 3 Home and Places主题阅读 必备知识清单 单元主题阅读 一、阅读主题 本主题以 “家及相关场所” 为核心，衔接七年级学生对生活空间的认知需求，通过 “家庭空间布局、物品摆放、社区周边场所” 三大维度展开，既涵盖卧室、厨房等家居场景的细节描述，也包含超市、公园等社区场所的位置关系，最终实现 “用英语描述生活空间、建立空间认知” 的目标，是连接语言学习与生活实践的关键主题。 1. 主题内涵 核心是 “空间的语言表达与意义承载”，既包括家居、社区等物理空间的位置关系（如方位、距离），也涵盖空间中物品的功能属性及人与空间的互动。 物理空间描述：My dream home is in a forest with a big garden outside. 物品功能关联：We cook meals in the kitchen and do homework in the study. 人与空间互动：I often take a walk in the park near my home after dinner. 2. 素养体现 紧扣英语学科核心素养，实现多维能力培养： 语言能力：能运用方位介词和 There be 句型传递空间信息，如 “The bookstore is between the cafe and the library”. 思维品质：通过梳理 “场所 - 物品 - 活动” 逻辑链培养分析能力，如从 “living room - sofa - watch TV” 的关联中构建空间认知。 学习能力：借助图文匹配任务自主积累空间词汇，如通过 “bedroom” 配图联想 “pillow、quilt” 等词汇。 文化意识：对比不同空间表达的文化差异，如知晓 “garden” 在西方家居中的常见性。 3. 策略要求 聚焦 “空间信息的获取与转化”，核心策略包括： 信息定位：带着 “Where is...?” 问题寻找关键方位词，如读文时标记 “next to、across from” 等信号词. 逻辑梳理：用 “场所→位置→物品” 框架整合信息，如整理为 “The kitchen is near the living room. There is a fridge in it”。 语境迁移：将文本句式应用于真实场景，如模仿 “I live in a small house with a garden” 描述自己的家。 4. 文化品质 体现中西方 “空间认知与表达” 的文化差异： 居住文化：西方家居常强调 “独立空间与自然连接”，如 “My room has a big window with a forest view”；中式表达更侧重 “家庭聚合性”，如 “There are three bedrooms for my family”。 地址表达：西方 “从小到大” 的顺序，如 “My home is at 5 Street, near the park”；中式则为 “从大到小”。 社区功能：西方社区 “bank、post office” 多集中布局，如 “The bank is across from the post office”。 二、词汇句式 1. 主题词汇 家居空间：bedroom（卧室）、kitchen（厨房）、living room（客厅）、bathroom（浴室）、study（书房）、garden（花园）、balcony（阳台）、dining room（餐厅）、yard（院子）、garage（车库） 社区场所：supermarket（超市）、park（公园）、hospital（医院）、bank（银行）、post office（邮局）、bus stop（公交站）、cafe（咖啡馆）、library（图书馆）、school（学校）、bookstore（书店） 家居物品：bed（床）、sofa（沙发）、table（桌子）、chair（椅子）、fridge（冰箱）、desk（书桌）、lamp（台灯）、pillow（枕头）、quilt（被子）、bookcase（书柜）、TV（电视）、clock（时钟） 方位介词：next to（紧挨着）、between（在… 之间）、in front of（在… 前面）、behind（在… 后面）、near（在… 附近）、across from（在… 对面）、on（在… 上面）、under（在… 下面）、in（在… 里面）、above（在… 上方） 空间特征：big（大的）、small（小的）、bright（明亮的）、quiet（安静的）、clean（干净的）、modern（现代的）、special（特别的）、central（中心的）、nearby（附近的）、spacious（宽敞的） 2. 主题句式 询问位置 1. Where is the supermarket? → It’s next to the bank.（超市在哪里？在银行旁边。） 2. 2. Is there a park near here? → Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.（这附近有公园吗？有。/ 没有。）3. Where are the books? → They’re on the desk.（书在哪里？在桌子上。） 描述住所 1. I live in a small house with a garden.（我住在带花园的小房子里。）2. My dream home is in a forest.（我梦想的家在森林里。）3. There are two bedrooms in my home.（我家有两间卧室。）4. This is my new house. It’s very bright.（这是我的新房子，很明亮。） 方位表达 1. The bookstore is between the cafe and the library.（书店在咖啡馆和图书馆之间。）2. The cat is under the table.（猫在桌子下面。）3. The living room is in front of the bedroom.（客厅在卧室前面。）4. The school is across from the hospital.（学校在医院对面。） 物品存在 1. There is a sofa in the living room.（客厅里有一张沙发。）2. There are three chairs in the kitchen.（厨房里有三把椅子。）3. There is a pen and two books on the desk.（桌子上有一支笔和两本书。）4. Is there a TV in your bedroom? → No, there isn’t.（你卧室里有电视吗？没有。） 空间活动 1. We cook meals in the kitchen.（我们在厨房做饭。）2. I do homework in the study.（我在书房写作业。）3. She takes a bus at the bus stop.（她在公交站乘车。）4. They read books in the library.（他们在图书馆看书。） 空间特征 1. The room is very quiet and clean.（这个房间又安静又干净。）2. My study has a big window with a good view.（我的书房有扇视野好的大窗户。）3. The community is near the central park.（这个社区在中央公园附近。） 三、优化策略 1. 空间定位策略 核心方法：聚焦方位介词与场所名词的搭配，通过 “标记 - 匹配 - 梳理” 三步提取空间信息。 操作步骤：①读文时用横线标记 “next to、between” 等方位词；②用圆圈圈出 “bedroom、supermarket” 等场所词；③匹配二者关系形成 “场所 + 方位 + 参照物” 的信息链。 案例应用：阅读 “Outside, there is a big garden with many plants. The garden is next to the living room” 时，梳理为 “garden → next to → living room”。 素养价值：培养细节查找能力，破解 “方位混乱” 阅读难点。 2. 图文转化策略 核心方法：借助文本配图或自主绘图，将文字信息转化为可视化空间图。 操作步骤：①根据 “there be” 句型标注物品位置，如 “There is a desk by the window” 对应图中 “窗户旁画书桌”；②用箭头标注方位关系，如 “across from” 用双向箭头表示。 案例应用：阅读 Daniel 的梦想家语篇时，绘制 “森林→花园→客厅→卧室” 的空间布局图。 素养价值：通过 “文字 - 图像” 转化深化空间逻辑理解，符合七年级具象思维特点。 3. 结构拆解策略 核心方法：按 “总述 - 分述 - 总结” 梳理语篇结构，聚焦 “位置 - 物品 - 活动” 三大要素。 操作步骤：①找总起句（如 “My dream home is in a forest”）；②分述部分按 “外部空间→内部空间→特色区域” 拆分；③提取各部分 “场所、物品、活动” 关键词。 案例应用：拆解电子邮件语篇时，将 “操场（位置：学校东侧；活动：打篮球）、教学楼（位置：操场旁；物品：智能白板）” 分类整理。 素养价值：培养归纳概括能力，掌握说明性语篇的阅读逻辑。 4. 语境猜词策略 核心方法：结合 “空间场景 + 搭配关系” 推测生词含义。 操作步骤：①判断生词所属空间类别（如家居 / 场所 / 方位）；②根据前后文搭配猜义，如 “People cook in the k______” 结合 “cook” 猜 “kitchen”。 案例应用：遇到 “The b______ has many books”，结合 “books” 及空间场景猜 “bookcase”。 素养价值：提升自主阅读能力，降低生词对理解的干扰。 综合实战演练 1 The community canteens (食堂) in neighborhoods in cities attract (吸引) more and more young people nowadays. “It truly helps and saves time in our daily life. The food isn’t expensive and the workers are nice. I once bought a meat dish. It only cost me thirteen yuan and it was delicious.” said Guo Zhiliang. Ji Heng is another young eater at this canteen. With a baby in his arms, Ji said, “It’s convenient (方便的) to have breakfast here because it’s close to our home and the price is not high.” The community canteens are also getting popular online. Many young people share their dining experiences at community canteens. As the canteens are getting more popular in some cities, many young people show their likes about the dishes and ask where the canteens are or if their neighborhoods have the same kind of canteens. The community canteens are usually built to help the old people in neighborhoods. But why are they popular? “Because young people have busy work and they have little time for cooking and cleaning the kitchen. And the takeaway food is unhealthy,” Jin Tianlin, a researcher said. The community canteens not only let the young have delicious meals, but also help them be free from cleaning the kitchen. So more and more young people love them. 1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Guo Zhiliang bought a meat dish for 30 yuan. B．Ji Heng likes the canteen because the breakfast is cheap. C．Young people share their cooking skills online. D．Takeaway food is healthier than canteen food. 2．Why do young people love community canteens according to Jin Tianlin? A．Because the canteens are open all day. B．Because young people enjoy cooking. C．Because they are close to their home. D．Because they save time for kitchen work. 3．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Old people have new eating habits. B．Good canteens around the cities. C．Community canteens attract the young. D．Dining experiences in different cities. 2 My name is Dories. This is my neighborhood. There is a big supermarket near my house. My mother often goes shopping there. Across from the supermarket is a school. It’s my school. There is a library next to the school. I like reading books there. Dories I’m Scott. My neighborhood is busy. There are a lot of stores and restaurants in my neighborhood. My house is on a street corner. There is a post office near it. And next to the post office is a pay phone. Scott My name is Helen. There is a big park in my neighborhood. Lots of people go there to have fun. I also like to play there. There is a restaurant across from the park. A bank is next to the restaurant. And some clothes stores are near the bank. Helen 4．Where is Dories’ school? A．It’s behind a library. B．It’s across from a library. C．It’s behind a supermarket. D．It’s across from a supermarket. 5．The underlined word “there” is the ________. A．school B．library C．supermarket D．bookstore 6．What can NOT be known from the passage? A．Dories, Scott and Helen study in the same school. B．Scott’s neighborhood is busy. C．There are some clothes stores near the bank in Helen’s neighborhood. D．Dories’ mother often buys food in the supermarket near their house. 3 Do all people live in tall buildings? Of course not. There are many kinds of houses in the world. Let’s visit some of them. The ice house Eskimos live in ice houses in winter. There aren’t any windows in them so cold winds can’t go in. Ice can keep them warm. The houses are strong, but people can’t cook in them. The cave dwelling (岩洞) A cave is cool in summer and warm in winter. Each room has only a big window. People make a fire under the bed, so it’s very warm in winter. The Mongolian tent (蒙古包) It’s easy to build a Mongolian tent. People make it out of wood, hair felt (毛毡) and ropes. It looks small. It’s a dream home for Mongolian people. They like to sing and dance in it after herding (放牧) sheep. The village of water In Cambodia (柬埔寨), there are a lot of lakes, so some people build their houses on the water. They come and go by boat. They buy and sell things on boats. Students go to school and come home by boat, too. 7．Why is a cave dwelling warm in winter? A．Because it has a big window. B．Because it looks small. C．Because cold winds can’t go in. D．Because people make a fire under the bed. 8．Mary is from Cambodia. She goes to school ________. A．by boat B．on foot C．by car D．by bike 9．What may be Mary’s dream home if she likes sheep? A．A cave. B．An ice house. C．A Mongolian tent. D．A house on the water. 4 Mr and Mrs Lu want to buy a new flat in Zhenjiang. They got online for flat-buying information. Here is what they found. Flats for Sale Fengrun GardenBuilt in 2020 Lingyue HomeBuilt in 2021 Rooms:* Three bedrooms, a living room, a dining room, a bathroom and a balcony * The balcony faces south, with a good view of the street. Price:1,500,000 yuan Place: In Runzhou District, Zhenjiang. 1 km from Zhenjiang Railway Station, near Wanda Plaza. Rooms:* Two bedrooms, a living room, a bathroom and a small study * There’s a small storage (储藏) room in the corridor (走廊). Price:1,200,000 yuan Place: In Jingkou District, Zhenjiang. 3 km from Jiaoshan Park, close to a local middle school. More information: Contact Li Hua at 13812345678/ zjrunzhou@163.com More information: Contact Wang Ming at 15987654321/ lingyuehome@qq.com Mr Lu often takes trains for business trips and likes shopping in his free time. Mrs Lu hopes to live in a place without noise and wants a room for reading and working. They are thinking about which flat to choose. 10．How many rooms are there in Lingyue Home in all? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 11．Why might (可能) Mr Lu choose Fengrun Garden? A．Because it is close to the train station. B．Because it is far from the city centre. C．Because the flat faces south. D．Because it has much room for old things. 12．Which part of the newspaper may the passage come from? A．Geography. B．Culture. C．Housing. D．Shopping. 5 The community canteens (食堂) in neighborhoods in cities attract (吸引) more and more young people nowadays. “It truly helps and saves time in our daily life. The food isn’t expensive and the workers are nice. I once bought a meat dish. It only cost me thirteen yuan and it was delicious.” said Guo Zhiliang. Ji Heng is another young eater at this canteen. With a baby in his arms, Ji suid, “It’s convenient (方便的) to have breakfast here because it’s close to our home and the price is not high.” The community canteens are also getting popular online. Many young people share their dining experiences at community canteens. As the canteens are getting more popular in some cities, many young people show their likes about the dishes and ask where the canteens are or if their neighborhoods have the same kind of canteens. The community canteens are usually built to help the old people in neighborhoods. But why are they popular? “Because young people have busy work and they have little time for cooking and cleaning the kitchen. And the takeaway food is unhealthy,” Jin Tianlin, a researcher said. The community canteens not only let the young have delicious meals, but also help them be free from cleaning the kitchen. So more and more young people love them. 13．How does the writer tell us the canteens are popular in paragraph 2? A．By giving examples. B．By using pictures. C．By listing numbers. D．By asking questions. 14．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Guo Zhiliang bought a meat dish for 30 yuan. B．Ji Heng likes the canteen because the breakfast is cheap. C．Young people share their cooking skills online. D．Takeaway food is healthier than canteen food. 15．Why do young people love community canteens according to Jin Tianlin? A．Because the canteens are open all day. B．Because young people enjoy cooking. C．Because they are close to their home. D．Because they save time for kitchen work. 16．What’s the passage mainly about? A．Old people have new eating habits. B．Good canteens around the cities. C．Community canteens attract the young. D．Dining experiences in different cities. 6 Rules for living in Sunny Flat Attention (注意) please! Here are some rules for the people in our neighbourhood. We hope everyone should follow. Cleaning We clean the stairs (楼梯) every Monday, Thursday and Saturday. So please try to keep them tidy and clean and do not leave rubbish (垃圾) bags on the stairs or in the hallways. Rubbish Rubbish collection is on Tuesdays. Please do not leave rubbish bags out before or after Tuesday. Noise Try to make less noise. Loud music can disturb (干扰) other people and we will get in touch with you if you make too much noise. Safety Make sure the main outside door is always locked and do not let anyone into the main building unless you know who they are. Washing There is a washing line for every flat in the garden next to the car park. Please only dry your washing on these lines so that it does not disturb people in the ground floor flats. Problems If you have any problems or questions, please call Mr Wu at 87695430. You can also chat with him by QQ 53487902. 17．How often do they clean the stairs? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Three times a week. D．Four times a week. 18．When can people leave their rubbish bags out? A．On Monday. B．On Tuesday. C．On Wednesday. D．On Thursday. 19．What can you do if you have any problems? A．Call Mrs Wu. B．Call Mr Wu at 53487902. C．Go to Mr Wu’s office. D．Chat with Mr Wu by QQ. 20．According to the notice, which of the following is done once a week? A．Rubbish collection. B．Drying the washing. C．Cleaning the stairs. D．Locking the outside door. 7 Everyone needs help sometimes. People depend on one another. That’s why communities have special people ready to help people in need. For example, what would we do without a community fire station? If a home catches fire, as the Jacksons’ place did last week, it might be burned down (烧毁) and people might get hurt ... or worse. We’re so lucky to have firemen to come to save people and put out the fire safely.   And what about police officers? They protect our families, our homes and important things. The police have helped so many families this past year, especially saving people and pets and protecting our houses and other things after the heavy rain.   Think about all the other service workers in this community. There are cleaners to collect rubbish and keep our community sanitary. We have road workers and they put up and repair traffic signs and fix holes in the streets to protect not just us, but our cars! And what would this community be without the teachers in our school and the doctors and nurses in our community hospitals? Think again about what we eat every day and what we wear every day. We cannot produce (生产) them, but we use them all the time. These tireless workers keep our community running. We get a lot from them and need them in the community. We depend on each other. Let’s help each other. Only in this way can we make our community a better place. 21．What happened to the Jacksons last week? A．They couldn’t find their pets. B．Their car was badly burned. C．Their house caught fire. D．They couldn’t find their keys. 22．Who gave help to families after the heavy rain? A．Firemen. B．Doctors. C．Road workers. D．Police officers. 23．What does the underlined word “sanitary” mean? A．Clean. B．Safe. C．Quiet. D．Busy. 8 The thermostatic (恒温的) houseLook at the picture.  Do you want to live in a house with the fixed (固定的) temperature at about 20.5℃ all year round? In this house you don’t have to worry about the hot summer days or cold winter days. If you are interested, please contact (联系): 13884158888 (also WeChat number). The sports houseIf you are fat, you may want to lose weight. However, you may not have time to go to the gym.  Here is a sports house for you.  You can do exercise on the equipment (器材) in the house. If you are interested, please contact 13846318889 (also WeChat number) The house with good public facilities (公共设施)Do you want to live in a perfect community? Hospitals, schools and shopping malls are all around. If you are interested, please contact: 13848168889 (also WeChat number). The five-star houseWould you like to live in a five-star hotel? Many people would answer “Yes”. Now we will give you a five-star house. You can enjoy the five-star services (服务) in your house. If you are interested, please contact: 13848839189 (also WeChat number) 24．What is the temperature of the thermostatic house? A．It is about 29. 5℃. B．It is about 20. 5℃. C．It is about 11. 5℃. D．It is about 2. 5℃. 25．If Jackson wants to live near a school, a hospital and a shopping mall, which house may he be interested in? A．The sports house. B．The five-star house. C．The thermostatic house. D．The house with good public facilities. 26．If Emma’s mother wants to live in a house with a good services, what would she do? A．Call 13848168889. B．Call 13848839189 C．Call 13846318889. D．Call 13884158888 8 Do you know the meaning of sharing? There was a clever and rich man. He had a big, beautiful house with a large garden full of fruit trees. He was a friendly man and he was always kind to others. But not everyone was happy for him. There was a jealous (嫉妒的) man who lived in a small, old house next door. He always tried to make the rich man’s life hard. He threw rubbish (垃圾) in his garden and did many other bad things. One sunny day, the rich man woke up and he was very happy. When he went outside, he saw lots of rubbish under the apple trees in his garden. Instead of getting angry, he decided to clean it up. He cleaned his garden and moved all the rubbish away. Then, he took a basket and went to knock on his neighbour’s door. The jealous neighbour heard the knock and opened the door. He was ready to argue (争辩) with his rich neighbour. But to his surprise, the rich man handed him a basket of fresh apples, saying, “The one who has something good should share it with others. These are for you, my dear neighbour.” Seeing that, the jealous neighbour’s face turned red and he couldn’t say a word. 27．What did the jealous neighbour do? A．He wanted to buy the rich man’s big house. B．He picked apples from the rich man’s garden. C．He threw rubbish in the rich man’s garden. D．He often talked with the rich man and other people. 28．Which is the correct order (顺序) of the following things? ①The rich man gave the neighbour a basket of fresh apples. ②The jealous neighbour threw rubbish in the rich man’s garden. ③The jealous neighbour heard the knock and opened the door. ④The rich man cleaned the garden and moved the rubbish away. A．④②③① B．②④①③ C．④②①③ D．②④③① 29．Why did the rich man go to visit his neighbour? A．To give back the rubbish. B．To argue with his neighbour. C．To share some fruit with him. D．To ask him to clean the rubbish. 9 Dear diary, Mom and Dad found a new flat (公寓) today. Now that we are all teenagers, our flat is too small. Sally and I share (共享) a room, and Eric’s room is really small. Our living room is also quite small and it’s a little dark. The windows are too small and there is no balcony (阳台). Our bathroom is big, but it’s really old. So my parents decided to find a new flat for us. The new flat is much bigger. It has four bedrooms, so Sally and I can have our own rooms. Eric’s room is large and it has a balcony. He’s so happy. Mom and dad’s room also has a balcony. There are two bathrooms that are both beautiful and modern. And the living room is excellent. It has two big windows, so it is nice and light. It’s in Eastgardens—about five kilometers from here. It’s closer to our schools, so that’s great. Dad will have to travel a little farther to work, but he doesn’t mind (介意). Here’s the best thing. There’s a swimming pool. Everyone who lives there shares it. I can’t believe (相信) it. I can swim every day after school. I can’t wait to ask all my classmates to have a pool party. I am really excited about that. Stephanie 30．Why do Stephanie’s family need a new flat? A．The old flat is too small for them. B．They want a flat with a swimming pool. C．They want to live in a different neighborhood. D．The parents want to live closer to their work places. 31．Which is TRUE about the new flat? A．There are three bedrooms. B．Eric’s room is not big but has a balcony. C．Stephanie’s father doesn’t like the new flat. D．Sally and Stephanie don’t share a room like before. 32．What can we know from the diary? A．Stephanie is a friendly girl. B．Stephanie feels sorry to leave her old flat. C．Stephanie thinks the new flat is the best in the neighborhood. D．Stephanie hopes the new flat can have a swimming pool one day. 10 In the mountains and forests of southern China, there are many stilt houses (吊脚楼). They are built on hill sides and held up by wooden posts (木柱). These houses belong to the Tujia people. Stilt houses are high above the ground. The tallest Tujia stilt house is in Zhangjiajie, Hunan, and is 109.9 meters tall. The houses have beautiful windows, roof edges (屋檐), and tops. The windows show shapes of animals and plants. The roof edges look like bird wings. Some roofs have wooden dragons. Why do the Tujia people build houses high up? Their homes in Hunan and Hubei have hot and wet summers. Taller houses keep people cooler and safer from floods (洪水) and wild animals. Other groups like the Miao, Buyi, and Dong also build stilt houses in places like Guizhou and Guangxi. 33．Where is the tallest Tujia stilt house? A．In Hubei. B．In Hunan. C．In Guizhou. D．In Guangxi. 34．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．Who likes stilt houses best. B．Why the Tujia people build stilt houses. C．What stilt houses are like. D．Where the Tujia people build their houses. 35．Why do Tujia people build stilt houses high above the ground? A．To make them look more beautiful. B．To stay cool and safe from floods or animals. C．To follow their building traditions. D．To save space for farming. 36．In which newspaper part can you read the passage? A．Cooking. B．Sports. C．Weather. D．Culture. 11 Even in more rural or open areas like Scotland, the newer houses are so small but expensively. Compared to England, Scotland has so much space for much bigger homes like those in the U.S. or Australia, but people there choose to build small homes that look really out of place in the countryside. What’s more, the prices are so high. Why? We are a small country; lend suitable for building is expensive. The price of land is an important part in house prices. Also, in Britain, most houses are built of brick, so labour costs (人力成本) are high. When I visited the U.S., I noted that many of the new houses were built of timber and didn’t have slates (石板) or tiled roofs (用瓦平铺的屋顶). This is why when tornadoes (龙卷风) hit, houses there are blown away. Because of the housing market and prices, I am back for good in France, after 10 years of working in the U.K. For £130,000, you can at least get a three-to four-bedroom cottage and lots of land in France. You might Google “British country houses images” for some nice pictures of bigger houses. There is a huge variety of styles and sizes of houses in the U.K. well worth a look. In the past, nobody could afford bigger houses. And it’s cheaper when you have less space to heat. Remember that it’s not a warm country. If you have been to the U.K. , you will see how crowded it is around cities and towns. There is no room for large houses. What’s more, energy is very expensive in the U.K. and it is cold in winter, so a large house costs a lot of money to heat. 37．According to Berry, what causes Britain to have small but expensive houses? ①Limited land.          ②High labour costs. ③A large population.     ④High prices of land suitable for building. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 38．According to the article, why is Sue back in France? A．She got tired of living in the U.K. B．She has found a better job in France. C．She already has a big house in France. D．She thinks the house prices in the U.K. are too high. 39．Who lists lower energy costs as a benefit of a smaller house? A．Sue and Kim. B．Kim and Chris. C．Berry and Chris. D．Berry and Tiffany. 参考答案 1 1．B 2．D 3．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如今城市社区食堂越来越受到年轻人的欢迎，阐述了受欢迎的原因以及年轻人对社区食堂的喜爱和分享等。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“With a baby in his arms, Ji said, ‘It’s convenient (方便的) to have breakfast here because it’s close to our home and the price is not high.’”可知，Ji Heng喜欢这个食堂是因为早餐价格不高，即便宜，B选项表述正确。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Because young people have busy work and they have little time for cooking and cleaning the kitchen. The community canteens not only let the young have delicious meals, but also help them be free from cleaning the kitchen. So more and more young people love them.”可知，年轻人喜欢社区食堂是因为它们让年轻人有时间从厨房工作中解放出来，即节省了厨房工作的时间，D选项正确。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The community canteens (食堂) in neighborhoods in cities attract (吸引) more and more young people nowadays.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要围绕社区食堂吸引年轻人展开，讲述了年轻人对社区食堂的看法、社区食堂在网上受欢迎以及年轻人喜欢社区食堂的原因等，C选项“社区食堂吸引年轻人”符合主旨。故选C。 2 4．D 5．B 6．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了Dories、Scott和Helen三个人所居住的社区环境及周边设施。 4．细节理解题。根据“My name is Dories. This is my neighborhood. There is a big supermarket near my house. My mother often goes shopping there. Across from the supermarket is a school. It’s my school”可知，Dories的学校在超市对面。故选D。 5．词义猜测题。根据“There is a library next to the school. I like reading books there.”可知，学校旁边有一个图书馆，Dories喜欢在那里读书。画线单词there指代的是前文提到的“图书馆”。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据“I’m Scott. My neighborhood is busy”可知Scott的小区很繁忙，选项B表述正确；根据“And some clothes stores are near the bank”可知海伦小区的银行附近有一些服装店，选项C表述正确；根据“There is a big supermarket near my house. My mother often goes shopping there”可知Dories的妈妈经常在他家附近的超市买东西，选项D表述正确；文中未提到三人在同一所学校。故选A。 3 7．D 8．A 9．C 【解析】本文围绕世界上不同类型的房屋展开介绍，通过列举几种特色房屋，展现了多样的居住文化。 7．细节理解题。根据“People make a fire under the bed, so it’s very warm in winter.”可知，岩洞在冬天温暖是因为人们在床下生火。故选D。 8．细节理解题。根据“Students go to school and come home by boat, too.”可知，柬埔寨的学生乘船上学和回家。故选A。 9．推理判断题。根据“The Mongolian tent (蒙古包)...It’s a dream home for Mongolian people. They like to sing and dance in it after herding (放牧) sheep.”可知，如果玛丽喜欢羊，蒙古包可能是她的梦想家园。故选C。 4 10．C 11．A 12．C 【解析】本文介绍陆先生和陆太太想在镇江买新公寓，接着详细介绍了两个待售公寓的相关信息。 10．细节理解题。根据Lingyue Home部分“Rooms: *Two bedrooms, a living room, a bathroom and a small study”可知，Lingyue Home一共有两个卧室、一个客厅、一个浴室和一个小书房，总共五个房间。故选C。 11．细节理解题。根据Fengrun Garden部分“Place: In Runzhou District, Zhenjiang. 1 km from Zhenjiang Railway Station, near Wanda Plaza.”以及“Mr Lu often takes trains for business trips and likes shopping in his free time.”可知，Fengrun Garden离火车站近，方便卢先生乘火车出差，且附近有万达广场，方便购物，所以卢先生可能会选择Fengrun Garden是因为它离火车站近。故选A。 12．推理判断题。根据“Flats for Sale”以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了两个待售的公寓的相关信息，因此这篇文章可能来自报纸的住房版块。故选C。 5 13．A 14．B 15．D 16．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了社区食堂在城市中越来越受到年轻人的欢迎，并分析了其受欢迎的原因。 13．细节理解题。根据“It truly helps and saves time in our daily life…said Guo Zhiliang”和“It’s convenient to have breakfast here…said Ji Heng”可知，作者通过引用两位年轻人的具体评价（郭志亮和纪恒的例子）来说明社区食堂的受欢迎程度。故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据“I once bought a meat dish. It only cost me thirteen yuan”可知，郭志亮买的肉菜是13元，而非30元；根据“the price is not high”和“it’s convenient…because it’s close to our home”可知，纪恒喜欢社区食堂的原因是早餐便宜且离家近；根据“Many young people share their dining experiences”可知，年轻人分享的是用餐体验，而非烹饪技巧；根据“the takeaway food is unhealthy”可知，外卖食品不如食堂健康。故选B。 15．细节理解题。根据“Because young people have busy work… and help them be free from cleaning the kitchen”可知，金天林认为年轻人喜欢社区食堂的原因是节省了做饭和清洁厨房的时间。故选D。 16．主旨大意题。全文围绕社区食堂吸引年轻人的现象展开，分析了其受欢迎的原因（价格低、省时、健康等）。故选C。 6 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了住在阳光公寓的一些居住规则，包括清洁、垃圾处理、噪音、安全和洗衣等方面的规定。 17．细节理解题。根据“We clean the stairs (楼梯) every Monday, Thursday and Saturday.”可知，每周一、周四和周六打扫楼梯，也就是一周三次。故选C。 18．细节理解题。根据“Rubbish collection is on Tuesdays. Please do not leave rubbish bags out before or after Tuesday.”可知，垃圾收集在周二，人们可以在周二把垃圾袋拿出去。故选B。 19．细节理解题。根据“If you have any problems or questions, please call Mr Wu at 87695430. You can also chat with him by QQ 53487902.”可知，有问题可以打电话或通过QQ和吴先生联系。故选D。 20．细节理解题。根据“Rubbish collection is on Tuesdays.”可知，垃圾收集在周二，为一周一次。故选A。 7 21．C 22．D 23．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了社区中不同职业工作者（如消防员、警察、清洁工等）如何为居民提供帮助，强调人与人之间的相互依赖关系。 21．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“If a home catches fire, as the Jacksons’ place did last week…”可知，杰克逊家上周发生了火灾。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The police… especially saving people and pets and protecting our houses… after the heavy rain”可知，大雨后警察帮助了居民。故选D。 23．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“cleaners to collect rubbish and keep our community sanitary”中“collect rubbish”与“sanitary”的并列关系，可知该词意为“干净的”。故选A。 8 24．B 25．D 26．B 【解析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四种特色房屋的特点及联系电话。 24．细节理解题。根据“Do you want to live in a house with the fixed (固定的) temperature at about 20.5℃ all year round?”可知，恒温房屋的温度约为20.5℃。故选B。 25．细节理解题。根据“The house with good public facilities (公共设施) 中‘Hospitals, schools and shopping malls are all around.’”可知，如果Jackson想住在学校、医院和购物中心附近，他可能会对有良好公共设施的房子感兴趣。故选D。 26．细节理解题。根据“The five-star house 中‘You can enjoy the five-star services (服务) in your house. If you are interested, please contact: 13848839189 (also WeChat number)’”可知，如果Emma的妈妈想住有优质服务的房子，她可以拨打13848839189。故选B。 9 27．C 28．D 29．C 【解析】本文讲述一位富有而善良的富人，其邻居因嫉妒而多次在富人花园中扔垃圾等破坏行为。一天，富人发现垃圾后未生气，反而清理干净，并主动赠送邻居一篮苹果，表达“拥有美好事物应分享”的理念。邻居因此羞愧。故事主旨强调分享与宽恕的力量。 27．细节理解题。根据“He threw rubbish (垃圾) in his garden and did many other bad things.”可知，他在富人花园扔垃圾并做其他坏事。故选C。 28．细节理解题。根据“He threw rubbish (垃圾) in his garden and did many other bad things.…Instead of getting angry, he decided to clean it up. He cleaned his garden and moved all the rubbish away.…The jealous neighbour heard the knock and opened the door.…But to his surprise, the rich man handed him a basket of fresh apples”可知，邻居扔垃圾（②）；富人清理花园（④）；邻居听到敲门开门（③）；富人赠送苹果（①）。正确顺序为②→④→③→①。故选D。 29．推理判断题。根据“The one who has something good should share it with others. These are for you, my dear neighbour.”可知，富人赠送苹果时声明：拥有美好事物应分享，直接表明目的是分享水果。故选C。 10 30．A 31．D 32．A 【解析】本文是斯蒂芬妮写的日记，介绍了自己家找的一套新公寓。 30．细节理解题。根据“Now that we are all teenagers, our flat is too small.”可知，原来的公寓太小了，所以要找一个新的。故选A。 31．细节理解题。根据“Sally and I share (共享) a room”和“It has four bedrooms, so Sally and I can have our own rooms.”可知，莎莉和斯蒂芬妮不像以前那样住一个房间了。故选D。 32．推理判断题。根据“I can’t wait to ask all my classmates to have a pool party. I am really excited about that.”可知，斯蒂芬妮迫不及待地想邀请所有的同学来个泳池派对，由此推知，她是个友好的女孩。故选A。 11 33．B 34．C 35．B 36．D 【解析】本文介绍了中国南方土家族吊脚楼的地理分布、建筑特色及功能。 33．细节理解题。根据“The tallest Tujia stilt house is in Zhangjiajie, Hunan”可知，最高的土家族吊脚楼位于湖南张家界。故选B。 34．段落大意题。通读第二段可知，此段主要描述了吊脚楼的外观特征，包括高度、窗户、屋檐和屋顶的造型等。故选C。 35．细节理解题。根据“Their homes in Hunan and Hubei have hot and wet summers. Taller houses keep people cooler and safer from floods (洪水) and wild animals”可知，吊脚楼建在高处是为了保持凉爽并防范洪水和野生动物。故选B。 36．推理判断题。本文介绍了中国南方土家族吊脚楼的地理分布、建筑特色及功能，最可能出现在报纸的文化版块。故选D。 37．B 38．D 39．B 【解析】本文主要讨论了英国房屋面积小但价格高的原因，并对比了其他国家的情况。 37．细节理解题。根据“We are a small country; land suitable for building is expensive. The price of land is an important part in house prices. Also, in Britain, most houses are built of brick, so labour costs are high.”可知，英国土地有限，适合建筑的土地价格高，且劳动力成本高。因此导致英国房屋面积小但价格高的原因是有限的土地、高劳动力成本和适合建筑的土地价格高。故选B。 38．细节理解题。根据“Because of the housing market and prices, I am back for good in France, after 10 years of working in the U.K. For £130,000, you can at least get a three-to four-bedroom cottage and lots of land in France.”可知，由于房地产市场和房价的原因，在英国工作了10年之后，Sue永远地回到了法国。在法国，花13万英镑，至少可以买到一套三到四居室的别墅和大片土地。因此，Sue回到法国是因为英国的由于住房价格太高。故选D。 39．细节理解题。根据“And it’s cheaper when you have less space to heat. Remember that it’s not a warm country.”和“What’s more, energy is very expensive in the U.K. and it is cold in winter, so a large house costs a lot of money to heat.”可知，Kim和Chris都提到了小房子在能源成本上的优势。故选B。 ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $