内容正文:
2025-2026学年上学期七年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(北师大版2024)
Unit 3 Home and Places语法知识
必备知识清单
单元语法释疑
一、There be 句型的用法
1. 核心定义与结构
There be 句型表示 “某地有某物 / 某人”,强调客观存在,而非所属关系。
引导词:there(无实际含义,仅起引导作用)
谓语动词:be(随主语单复数和时态变化)
基本结构:There be + 主语(某物 / 某人)+ 地点状语(介词短语)
2. 谓语动词 be 的确定规则
(1)单复数一致原则
主语为单数可数名词或不可数名词时用 is;主语为复数时用 are。
例句 1:There is a flower in the bottle.(瓶里有一朵花。)
分析:主语 “a flower” 是单数可数名词,be 用 is。
例句 2:There is some money in the purse.(钱包里有些钱。)
分析:主语 “money” 是不可数名词,be 用 is。
例句 3:There are some books on the desk.(桌子上有许多书。)
分析:主语 “some books” 是复数名词,be 用 are。
(2)就近原则
当句中有多个并列主语时,be 的形式与离它最近的主语保持数的一致。
例句 1:There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house.(房子里有一个男孩、一个女孩和两个妇女。)
分析:最近的主语 “a boy” 是单数,be 用 is。
例句 2:There are ten students and a teacher in the office.(办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。)
分析:最近的主语 “ten students” 是复数,be 用 are。
3. 句式变化
(1)否定句
在 be 动词后加 not,句中 some 需改为 any;也可直接用 no 替换 “not any”。
结构 1:There be + not + 主语 + 地点状语
例句:There is not(isn't) any ink in the bottle.(瓶子里没有墨水。)
结构 2:There + no + 主语 + 地点状语
同义句:There is no ink in the bottle.(瓶子里没有墨水。)
(2)一般疑问句
将 be 动词提前至 there 前,句号变问号,some 改为 any;回答用 “Yes, there is/are.” 或 “No, there isn't/aren't.”。
原句:There is an apple on the tree.
疑问句:Is there an apple on the tree?(树上有一个苹果吗?)
回答:Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
(3)特殊疑问句
由 “疑问词 + be + there + 其他?” 构成,常见疑问词有 what(对主语提问)、where(对地点提问)、how many/how much(对数量提问)。
对主语提问(用 what/who):
原句:There are many things over there.
问句:What's over there?(那边有什么?)
对地点提问(用 where):
原句:There is a computer on the desk.
问句:Where is the computer?(电脑在哪里?)
对数量提问(how many 接复数名词,how much 接不可数名词):
原句:There are many children in the park.
问句:How many children are (there) in the park?(公园里有多少孩子?)
4. 易错点辨析
与 have/has 的区别:There be 表 “存在”,have/has 表 “所属”。
错误:There has a tree in the garden.
正确:There is a tree in the garden.(花园里有一棵树。)
正确:I have a tree in my garden.(我的花园里有一棵树。)
不可数名词误用复数:
错误:There are some milks.
正确:There is some milk.(有一些牛奶。)
二、方位介词的用法
1. 核心定义
方位介词用于表示人或事物在空间中的位置关系,常与名词或代词搭配构成介词短语,作句子的地点状语。
2. 常见方位介词分类与用法
(1)表示 “在…… 上 / 下”
介词
用法
例句分析
on
物体表面接触
There is a watch on the desk.(桌子上有一块手表。)
分析:手表与桌面直接接触。
over
垂直上方,不接触
There is a bridge over the river.(河上有一座桥。)
分析:桥在河的正上方,与水面无接触。
above
上方,不强调垂直
A bird is flying above the house.(一只鸟在房子上方飞。)分析:鸟的位置在房子上方即可,无需正对着。
under
垂直下方,不接触
There is a cat under the chair.(椅子下面有一只猫。)
分析:猫在椅子的正下方。
below
下方,不强调垂直
Please write your name below the line.(请把名字写在横线下方。)
分析:名字在横线下方即可,无需正对。
(2)表示 “在…… 里 / 外 / 附近”
介词
用法
例句分析
in
物体内部或大地方
There are many students in the classroom.(教室里有很多学生。)
分析:学生在教室内部。
He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.(他昨天到达上海。)
分析:上海是大地方,用 in。
at
小地方或具体位置
He is sitting at the desk.(他坐在书桌旁。)
分析:书桌是具体小位置,用 at。
She arrived at the station at ten.(她十点到达车站。)
分析:车站是小地方,用 at。
near
附近,距离较近
There is a supermarket near my home.(我家附近有一家超市。)
分析:超市与家的距离不远。
beside
旁边,紧挨着
Lily is standing beside her mother.(莉莉站在妈妈旁边。)
分析:莉莉与妈妈位置相邻。
outside
在…… 外部
Some kids are playing outside the house.(一些孩子在房子外面玩。)
分析:孩子在房子的外部空间。
(3)表示 “在…… 之间”
between:用于两者之间
例句:There is a football match between Class One and Class Two.(一班和二班之间有一场足球赛。)
among:用于三者或三者以上之间
例句:The teacher is standing among the students.(老师站在学生们中间。)
(4)表示 “穿过 / 对面”
across:从物体表面穿过(与 on 相关)
例句:She swam across the river.(她游过了河。)分析:从河面(表面)穿过。
through:从物体内部穿过(与 in 相关)
例句:He walked through the forest.(他穿过了森林。)分析:从森林内部穿过。
opposite:在…… 对面
例句:The bank is opposite the hospital.(银行在医院对面。)
3. 易错点辨析
in 与 on 表地点:in 强调 “内部”,on 强调 “表面接触”。
错误:There is a book in the desk.(书在书桌表面,非内部)
正确:There is a book on the desk.
between 与 among:两者用 between,三者及以上用 among。
错误:She is sitting among Tom and Jerry.
正确:She is sitting between Tom and Jerry.
综合实战演练
一、单项选择
1.—Excuse me, where’s the gym? Is it across ________ the park?
—No, it isn’t. It’s ________ front of the library.
A.from; at B.of; in C.from; in D.of; at
2.—The park is in front of the school and behind the hospital.
—I see. The park is ________ the school and the hospital.
A.after B.between C.behind D.across
3.The hospital is in front of the bank. The bank is ________ the hospital.
A.under B.on C.behind D.in
4.—What can you see the yard?
—An apple tree. There are many apples it.
A.in; in B.in; on C.on; in D.on; on
5.—Is your basketball on the chair?
—No, it isn’t. It’s ________ the chair.
A.up B.on C.under D.for
6.Kate lives ________ her family ________ Nanjing.
A.in; in B.in; at C.with; in D.in; with
7.Sebastian lived ______ a small village as a child, and he often played chess ______ his grandfather.
A.in; for B.in; with C.from; for D.from; with
8.Mary often goes shopping ________ her mother.
A.with B.and C.along D.to
9.He lives ________ Beijing Road and he lives ________ the ________ floor.
A.at; in; five B.on; at; fifth C.on; on; fifth D.in; on; fiveth
10.—Don’t read ________ the sun. It’s bad for eyesight.
—I see. Thank you.
A.in B.on C.under D.below
11.We help the farmers pick apples ________ sunny days ________ the farm ________ autumn.
A.on; on; in B.in; on; in C.on; at; on D.at; on; in
12.My study is small, but it has a big ________ where I can put all my books.
A.sofa B.wardrobe C.bookshelf D.table
13.My football is ________ the floor, ________ the table.
A.on; under B.on; on C.under; under D.under; in
14.Dalian is a beautiful city _______ about 5.9 million people.
A.has B.with C.and D.for
15.There ________ a cup of hot water on the table. Please be careful!
A.be B.is C.are D.am
16.There is a shop next ________ the library.
A.to B.in C.on D.beside
17.The ball is ________ the box. Open the box and you can see it.
A.on B.under C.in D.at
18.We usually stay ________ home ________ Saturday afternoon.
A.at, in B.at, on C.in, at D.on, on
19.Mr Green has a new house ________ a living room and two bedrooms.
A.with B.in C.has D.have
20.The temperature will stay _________ zero in the day time, but at night, it will fall________zero again.
A.below; above B.over; under C.above; below D.under; over
21.—Where is my football?
—It’s ________ the table _________ the floor.
A.on; under B.on; on C.under; under D.under; on
22.-Is the baseball on the bed?
-No, _______. It's _______the bed.
A.it isn't; in B.it is; in
C.it is; under D.it isn't; under
23.—What’s this ________ the wall?
—It’s a photo ________ my family.
A.in, in B.on, of C.in, of D.on, on
24.There is a big balcony to sit ________ in my home. I like sitting ________ there and having a cup of tea.
A./; in B.on; at C./; / D.on; /
25.—Excuse me. Could you please tell me where the playground is?
—It’s ________ the west of the school, ________ the south of the classroom building.
A.to; to B.on; in C.to; in D.in; to
26.There ________ a foreign teacher and some students talking about Chinese tea.
A.has B.have C.are D.is
27.―Hey, John! ________ information do you know about the English club activities next week?
―There ________ a singing competition and an English book fair.
A.How much; is B.How many; are C.How much; will be D.How many; will have
28.There ________ a book sale in our school next month.
A.is going to be B.is going to have C.was D.has
29.There ________ a number of sports events in our school next month. We can’t wait ________ them.
A.will have; to see B.will be; to see C.will have; seeing D.will be; seeing
30.There ________ a ruler and two erasers in the pencil case.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
31.If we do nothing, soon there will ________ no giant pandas in the world.
A.has B.have C.be D.being
32.—________ there ________ a class meeting tomorrow?
—Maybe. I saw our teacher writing his speech just now.
A.Will; have B.Will; be C.Is; having D.Does; have
33.There ________ five people in my ________.
A.are; home B.is; home C.are; family D.is; family
34.___________ more buildings in our school in the future.
A.There are B.There were C.There will be D.There will have
35.—There ________ an important meeting about English study this afternoon.
—I will come and join it on time.
A.was B.will be C.are D.were
二、完成句子
36.那个小村庄位于两条河流之间。
The small village two rivers.
37.玛丽正坐在窗边。
Mary is the window.
38.——爸爸,你看到我的英语书了吗?
——在这儿呢。它在书包后面。
—Do you see my English book, Dad?
— . It’s behind the schoolbag.
39.体育馆在运动场后面。
The gym is .
40.——那些苹果在桌子上吗?
——不,它们不在。
— those apples ?
—No, .
41.——书架在哪里? ——它们在窗户旁边。
—Where are the bookcases?
—They are the window.
42.我家附近有一个大超市。
There is a big my house.
43.琳达花了很长时间才走过厚厚的积雪。
It took Linda so long to the deep snow.
44.我们学校对面有一个饭店。
There a restaurant our school.
45.下周我们将在运动公园举办一场足球比赛。
Next week we will have a football match .
46.运动公园有两场足球比赛。
There are two football games .
47.在中国南方,夏季总是很潮湿。
In the south of China, it’s always wet .
48.人们经常谈论他背后的长发。有时他们嘲笑他。
People often his long hair his back. Sometimes they him.
49.我的家在体育馆隔壁,你很容易找到它。
My home is the gym and you can find it easily.
50.玛丽正安静地坐在角落里。
Mary is sitting quietly .
51.三年前,那儿有一个科学博物馆。
a science museum three years ago.
52.我们今天得手洗衣服了。我们的洗衣机出故障了。
We should wash clothes by hands today. with our washing machine.
53.赶快!没多少时间了。
Hurry up! time.
54.动物园里有湖泊、小山和田野。
lakes, hills and fields in the zoo.
55.你们学校有一个阅览室吗?
in your school?
56.——你们学校有多少个操场?
——只有一个。
— How many in your school?
— There .
57.我们的教室里没有电视。
There TVs in our classroom.
58.河里有许多不同种类的鱼。
many different kinds of fish in the river.
59.贵州拥有很多自然景观,以“多彩贵州”而闻名。
lots of natural sights in Guizhou and it’s known as “Colorful Guizhou”.
60.你们学校有多少间音乐室?
in your school?
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2025-2026学年上学期七年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(北师大版2024)
Unit 3 Home and Places语法知识
必备知识清单
单元语法释疑
一、There be 句型的用法
1. 核心定义与结构
There be 句型表示 “某地有某物 / 某人”,强调客观存在,而非所属关系。
引导词:there(无实际含义,仅起引导作用)
谓语动词:be(随主语单复数和时态变化)
基本结构:There be + 主语(某物 / 某人)+ 地点状语(介词短语)
2. 谓语动词 be 的确定规则
(1)单复数一致原则
主语为单数可数名词或不可数名词时用 is;主语为复数时用 are。
例句 1:There is a flower in the bottle.(瓶里有一朵花。)
分析:主语 “a flower” 是单数可数名词,be 用 is。
例句 2:There is some money in the purse.(钱包里有些钱。)
分析:主语 “money” 是不可数名词,be 用 is。
例句 3:There are some books on the desk.(桌子上有许多书。)
分析:主语 “some books” 是复数名词,be 用 are。
(2)就近原则
当句中有多个并列主语时,be 的形式与离它最近的主语保持数的一致。
例句 1:There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house.(房子里有一个男孩、一个女孩和两个妇女。)
分析:最近的主语 “a boy” 是单数,be 用 is。
例句 2:There are ten students and a teacher in the office.(办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。)
分析:最近的主语 “ten students” 是复数,be 用 are。
3. 句式变化
(1)否定句
在 be 动词后加 not,句中 some 需改为 any;也可直接用 no 替换 “not any”。
结构 1:There be + not + 主语 + 地点状语
例句:There is not(isn't) any ink in the bottle.(瓶子里没有墨水。)
结构 2:There + no + 主语 + 地点状语
同义句:There is no ink in the bottle.(瓶子里没有墨水。)
(2)一般疑问句
将 be 动词提前至 there 前,句号变问号,some 改为 any;回答用 “Yes, there is/are.” 或 “No, there isn't/aren't.”。
原句:There is an apple on the tree.
疑问句:Is there an apple on the tree?(树上有一个苹果吗?)
回答:Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
(3)特殊疑问句
由 “疑问词 + be + there + 其他?” 构成,常见疑问词有 what(对主语提问)、where(对地点提问)、how many/how much(对数量提问)。
对主语提问(用 what/who):
原句:There are many things over there.
问句:What's over there?(那边有什么?)
对地点提问(用 where):
原句:There is a computer on the desk.
问句:Where is the computer?(电脑在哪里?)
对数量提问(how many 接复数名词,how much 接不可数名词):
原句:There are many children in the park.
问句:How many children are (there) in the park?(公园里有多少孩子?)
4. 易错点辨析
与 have/has 的区别:There be 表 “存在”,have/has 表 “所属”。
错误:There has a tree in the garden.
正确:There is a tree in the garden.(花园里有一棵树。)
正确:I have a tree in my garden.(我的花园里有一棵树。)
不可数名词误用复数:
错误:There are some milks.
正确:There is some milk.(有一些牛奶。)
二、方位介词的用法
1. 核心定义
方位介词用于表示人或事物在空间中的位置关系,常与名词或代词搭配构成介词短语,作句子的地点状语。
2. 常见方位介词分类与用法
(1)表示 “在…… 上 / 下”
介词
用法
例句分析
on
物体表面接触
There is a watch on the desk.(桌子上有一块手表。)
分析:手表与桌面直接接触。
over
垂直上方,不接触
There is a bridge over the river.(河上有一座桥。)
分析:桥在河的正上方,与水面无接触。
above
上方,不强调垂直
A bird is flying above the house.(一只鸟在房子上方飞。)分析:鸟的位置在房子上方即可,无需正对着。
under
垂直下方,不接触
There is a cat under the chair.(椅子下面有一只猫。)
分析:猫在椅子的正下方。
below
下方,不强调垂直
Please write your name below the line.(请把名字写在横线下方。)
分析:名字在横线下方即可,无需正对。
(2)表示 “在…… 里 / 外 / 附近”
介词
用法
例句分析
in
物体内部或大地方
There are many students in the classroom.(教室里有很多学生。)
分析:学生在教室内部。
He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.(他昨天到达上海。)
分析:上海是大地方,用 in。
at
小地方或具体位置
He is sitting at the desk.(他坐在书桌旁。)
分析:书桌是具体小位置,用 at。
She arrived at the station at ten.(她十点到达车站。)
分析:车站是小地方,用 at。
near
附近,距离较近
There is a supermarket near my home.(我家附近有一家超市。)
分析:超市与家的距离不远。
beside
旁边,紧挨着
Lily is standing beside her mother.(莉莉站在妈妈旁边。)
分析:莉莉与妈妈位置相邻。
outside
在…… 外部
Some kids are playing outside the house.(一些孩子在房子外面玩。)
分析:孩子在房子的外部空间。
(3)表示 “在…… 之间”
between:用于两者之间
例句:There is a football match between Class One and Class Two.(一班和二班之间有一场足球赛。)
among:用于三者或三者以上之间
例句:The teacher is standing among the students.(老师站在学生们中间。)
(4)表示 “穿过 / 对面”
across:从物体表面穿过(与 on 相关)
例句:She swam across the river.(她游过了河。)分析:从河面(表面)穿过。
through:从物体内部穿过(与 in 相关)
例句:He walked through the forest.(他穿过了森林。)分析:从森林内部穿过。
opposite:在…… 对面
例句:The bank is opposite the hospital.(银行在医院对面。)
3. 易错点辨析
in 与 on 表地点:in 强调 “内部”,on 强调 “表面接触”。
错误:There is a book in the desk.(书在书桌表面,非内部)
正确:There is a book on the desk.
between 与 among:两者用 between,三者及以上用 among。
错误:She is sitting among Tom and Jerry.
正确:She is sitting between Tom and Jerry.
综合实战演练
一、单项选择
1.—Excuse me, where’s the gym? Is it across ________ the park?
—No, it isn’t. It’s ________ front of the library.
A.from; at B.of; in C.from; in D.of; at
2.—The park is in front of the school and behind the hospital.
—I see. The park is ________ the school and the hospital.
A.after B.between C.behind D.across
3.The hospital is in front of the bank. The bank is ________ the hospital.
A.under B.on C.behind D.in
4.—What can you see the yard?
—An apple tree. There are many apples it.
A.in; in B.in; on C.on; in D.on; on
5.—Is your basketball on the chair?
—No, it isn’t. It’s ________ the chair.
A.up B.on C.under D.for
6.Kate lives ________ her family ________ Nanjing.
A.in; in B.in; at C.with; in D.in; with
7.Sebastian lived ______ a small village as a child, and he often played chess ______ his grandfather.
A.in; for B.in; with C.from; for D.from; with
8.Mary often goes shopping ________ her mother.
A.with B.and C.along D.to
9.He lives ________ Beijing Road and he lives ________ the ________ floor.
A.at; in; five B.on; at; fifth C.on; on; fifth D.in; on; fiveth
10.—Don’t read ________ the sun. It’s bad for eyesight.
—I see. Thank you.
A.in B.on C.under D.below
11.We help the farmers pick apples ________ sunny days ________ the farm ________ autumn.
A.on; on; in B.in; on; in C.on; at; on D.at; on; in
12.My study is small, but it has a big ________ where I can put all my books.
A.sofa B.wardrobe C.bookshelf D.table
13.My football is ________ the floor, ________ the table.
A.on; under B.on; on C.under; under D.under; in
14.Dalian is a beautiful city _______ about 5.9 million people.
A.has B.with C.and D.for
15.There ________ a cup of hot water on the table. Please be careful!
A.be B.is C.are D.am
16.There is a shop next ________ the library.
A.to B.in C.on D.beside
17.The ball is ________ the box. Open the box and you can see it.
A.on B.under C.in D.at
18.We usually stay ________ home ________ Saturday afternoon.
A.at, in B.at, on C.in, at D.on, on
19.Mr Green has a new house ________ a living room and two bedrooms.
A.with B.in C.has D.have
20.The temperature will stay _________ zero in the day time, but at night, it will fall________zero again.
A.below; above B.over; under C.above; below D.under; over
21.—Where is my football?
—It’s ________ the table _________ the floor.
A.on; under B.on; on C.under; under D.under; on
22.-Is the baseball on the bed?
-No, _______. It's _______the bed.
A.it isn't; in B.it is; in
C.it is; under D.it isn't; under
23.—What’s this ________ the wall?
—It’s a photo ________ my family.
A.in, in B.on, of C.in, of D.on, on
24.There is a big balcony to sit ________ in my home. I like sitting ________ there and having a cup of tea.
A./; in B.on; at C./; / D.on; /
25.—Excuse me. Could you please tell me where the playground is?
—It’s ________ the west of the school, ________ the south of the classroom building.
A.to; to B.on; in C.to; in D.in; to
26.There ________ a foreign teacher and some students talking about Chinese tea.
A.has B.have C.are D.is
27.―Hey, John! ________ information do you know about the English club activities next week?
―There ________ a singing competition and an English book fair.
A.How much; is B.How many; are C.How much; will be D.How many; will have
28.There ________ a book sale in our school next month.
A.is going to be B.is going to have C.was D.has
29.There ________ a number of sports events in our school next month. We can’t wait ________ them.
A.will have; to see B.will be; to see C.will have; seeing D.will be; seeing
30.There ________ a ruler and two erasers in the pencil case.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
31.If we do nothing, soon there will ________ no giant pandas in the world.
A.has B.have C.be D.being
32.—________ there ________ a class meeting tomorrow?
—Maybe. I saw our teacher writing his speech just now.
A.Will; have B.Will; be C.Is; having D.Does; have
33.There ________ five people in my ________.
A.are; home B.is; home C.are; family D.is; family
34.___________ more buildings in our school in the future.
A.There are B.There were C.There will be D.There will have
35.—There ________ an important meeting about English study this afternoon.
—I will come and join it on time.
A.was B.will be C.are D.were
二、完成句子
36.那个小村庄位于两条河流之间。
The small village two rivers.
37.玛丽正坐在窗边。
Mary is the window.
38.——爸爸,你看到我的英语书了吗?
——在这儿呢。它在书包后面。
—Do you see my English book, Dad?
— . It’s behind the schoolbag.
39.体育馆在运动场后面。
The gym is .
40.——那些苹果在桌子上吗?
——不,它们不在。
— those apples ?
—No, .
41.——书架在哪里? ——它们在窗户旁边。
—Where are the bookcases?
—They are the window.
42.我家附近有一个大超市。
There is a big my house.
43.琳达花了很长时间才走过厚厚的积雪。
It took Linda so long to the deep snow.
44.我们学校对面有一个饭店。
There a restaurant our school.
45.下周我们将在运动公园举办一场足球比赛。
Next week we will have a football match .
46.运动公园有两场足球比赛。
There are two football games .
47.在中国南方,夏季总是很潮湿。
In the south of China, it’s always wet .
48.人们经常谈论他背后的长发。有时他们嘲笑他。
People often his long hair his back. Sometimes they him.
49.我的家在体育馆隔壁,你很容易找到它。
My home is the gym and you can find it easily.
50.玛丽正安静地坐在角落里。
Mary is sitting quietly .
51.三年前,那儿有一个科学博物馆。
a science museum three years ago.
52.我们今天得手洗衣服了。我们的洗衣机出故障了。
We should wash clothes by hands today. with our washing machine.
53.赶快!没多少时间了。
Hurry up! time.
54.动物园里有湖泊、小山和田野。
lakes, hills and fields in the zoo.
55.你们学校有一个阅览室吗?
in your school?
56.——你们学校有多少个操场?
——只有一个。
— How many in your school?
— There .
57.我们的教室里没有电视。
There TVs in our classroom.
58.河里有许多不同种类的鱼。
many different kinds of fish in the river.
59.贵州拥有很多自然景观,以“多彩贵州”而闻名。
lots of natural sights in Guizhou and it’s known as “Colorful Guizhou”.
60.你们学校有多少间音乐室?
in your school?
参考答案
一、
1.C
【解析】句意:——打扰一下,健身房在哪里?它在公园对面吗?——不,不在。它在图书馆前面。
考查介词用法。from来自;at在;of属于……的;in在……里面。across from是固定搭配,表示“在……对面”,故第一空填from;in front of是固定短语,表示“在……前面”,故选C。
2.B
【解析】句意:——公园在学校前面,医院后面。——我明白了。公园在学校和医院之间。
考查介词辨析。after (时间)在……后;between在两者之间;behind在……后面;across在……对面。根据“The park is in front of the school and behind the hospital.”可知,公园在学校的前面,在医院的后面,说明公园位于学校和医院之间。故选B。
3.C
【解析】句意:医院在银行的前面。银行在医院的后面。
考查介词辨析。under在……下面;on在……上面;behind在……后面;in在……里面。根据“The hospital is in front of the bank.”可知,医院在银行前面,那么反过来银行就在医院后面。故选C。
4.B
【解析】句意:——你在院子里能看到什么?——一棵苹果树。上面有很多苹果。
考查介词的用法以及介词辨析。in在……里面;on在……上面。根据“What can you see…the yard?”可知,询问你在院子里能看到什么?在院子里搭配用介词in。根据“There are many apples…it.”可知,此处在回答上面问句说苹果树上有很多苹果,苹果长在树上要用介词on。故选B。
5.C
【解析】句意:——你的篮球在椅子上吗?——不,它不在。它在椅子下面。
考查介词辨析。up向上;on在……上面;under在……下面;for为了,给。根据“Is your basketball on the chair?”及“No, it isn’t...the chair”可知,此处指在椅子下面。故选C。
6.C
【解析】句意:凯特和她的家人一起住在南京。
考查介词辨析。in在……里面,用于较大的地理区域,如城市、国家;at在……里面,用于较小的、具体的地点,如地址或建筑物;with和……一起。根据“Kate lives ... her family”可知,表示“和……一起生活”,应使用介词with。表示“在某个地方(城市)”,应使用介词in。故选C。
7.B
【解析】句意:塞巴斯蒂安小时候住在一个小村庄里,他经常和他的祖父下棋。
考查介词辨析。in在……里面;from来自;for为;with和。根据“Sebastian lived...a small village”可知应用介词in,表示住在某地;根据“played chess...his grandfather.”可知是和祖父一起下棋,用with。故选B。
8.A
【解析】句意:玛丽经常和她的妈妈一起去购物。
考查介词辨析。with和……一起,用于表示伴随关系;and和,连词,用于连接并列成分;along沿着,通常表示方向;to到,表示方向或目的地。根据“goes shopping...her mother”可知,是和妈妈一起去购物,表示伴随关系。故选A。
9.C
【解析】句意:他住在北京路,且他住在五楼。
考查介词辨析和序数词。at在,后面接小地点;on在,后面接道路名称;in在,后面接大地点。five五,基数词;fifth第五,序数词。空一,根据“He lives...Beijing Road”可知,此处表示他住在北京路,on后面接道路名称,故排除A和D;空二,根据“he lives...the...floor.”可知,此处表示他住在五楼,on+the+序数词+floor表示“在几楼”,第五“fifth”,序数词。故选C。
10.A
【解析】句意:——不要在阳光下看书。这对视力不好。——我知道了,谢谢你。
考查介词辨析。in在……里;on在……上;under在……下面;below在……下方。in the sun“在阳光下”,固定短语。故选A。
11.A
【解析】句意:在秋天,我们在阳光明媚的日子在农场帮忙农民摘苹果。
考查介词词义辨析。on在具体的某一天也可表示具体在某个地点;in用于表示某个季节;at在具体的某一时刻。第一空“在阳光明媚的日子”,表示天气状况用介词on;第二空“在农场上”,表示地点用介词on;第三空“在秋天”,季节前面用介词in。故选A。
12.C
【解析】句意:我的书房很小,但是里面有一个大书橱,我可以把我所有的书都放进去。
考查名词辨析。sofa沙发;wardrobe衣橱;bookshelf书橱;table桌子。根据“where I can put all my books”可知,可以装书的应该是书橱。故选C。
13.A
【解析】句意:我的足球在地板上,桌子下面。
考查方位介词。on在……上;under在……下面;in在……里。根据“My football is ... the floor, ... the table.”可知,第一空表示“在地板上”用on;第二空表示“在桌子下面”用under。故选A。
14.B
【解析】句意:大连是一个美丽的城市,拥有约590万人口。
考查词义辨析。has有,实义动词;with有,介词;and和,连词;for为了,介词。根据“...about 5.9 million people.”可知,这个城市有590万人口,排除C和D;题干是一简单句,已有系动词is,空处应填介词。故选B。
15.B
【解析】句意:桌子上有一杯热水。请小心!
考查be动词。本句为There be...句型,表达“有……”,本句是一般现在时,根据主语a cup of hot water可知,谓语应是第三人称单数,所以be动词用is。故选B。
16.A
【解析】句意:图书馆旁边有一家商店。
考查介词辨析。to到;in在……里;on在……上;beside在旁边。固定短语next to“旁边;紧邻”。故选A。
17.C
【解析】句意:球在盒子里。打开盒子,你就能看到它。
考查介词辨析。on在……上面;under在……下面;in在……里面;at在。根据“Open the box and you can see it.”可知,打开盒子就能看到,所以球在盒子里面。故选C。
18.B
【解析】句意:在星期六下午我们通常待在家里。
考查介词辨析。at在具体的地点;in在……里面,in常搭配一段时间范围(morning、week、month等);on在……上面,搭配具体的某天(星期几、日期等)或特定某天的上午、下午、晚上等。at home意为“在家”,第一空应用介词at;第二个空Saturday afternoon“周六下午”是特定某天的下午,应用介词on。故选B。
19.A
【解析】句意:格林先生有一所包含一间客厅和两间卧室的新房子。
考查介词辨析。with和;in在……里;has有;have有。根据“has a new house”可知,句子已有谓语动词,排除C、D;结合“a living room and two bedrooms”可知,新房子有一间客厅和两间卧室,用with表示伴随。故选A。
20.C
【解析】句意:白天温度将在零度以上,但是在晚上,它将会再次降到零度以下。
根据in the day time, but at night, it will fall可知在白天零度以上,在晚上降到零度以下,below在……下(在物体的下方,表示温度的高低),above在……上(在物体的上方,表示温度的高低),over在……上(在物体的上方,越过),under在……下(在物体的下方);这里是表示温度的高低;故选C。
21.D
【解析】句意:——我的足球在哪里?——它在地板上的桌子下。
考查介词的用法。on在……上面;under在……下面。第一空表示“在桌子下面”,用under the table;第二空表示“在地板上面”,用on the floor。故选D。
22.D
【解析】试题分析:句意:---棒球在床上吗?---不在。它在床下。No和isn’t搭配,排除BC;A不和句意。故选D。
考点:考查介词和交际用语。
23.B
【解析】句意:——墙上这个是什么?——这是我家人的照片。
考查介词辨析。in在……里面;on在……表面上;of表示“的”或所属关系。第一空指物品在墙的表面上,用on;第二空表示“我家人的照片”,表示所属用of。故选B。
24.D
【解析】句意:我家有一个大阳台,可以坐在上面。我喜欢坐在那里喝杯茶。
考查介词辨析。in在……里;on在……表面上;at在……。第一空表示坐在阳台上,用介词on;第二空表示坐在那里,there是地点副词,前面不需要填介词。故选D。
25.D
【解析】句意:——打扰一下。你能告诉我操场在哪里吗?——它在学校的西边,在教学楼的南边。
考查方位介词。in一地属于另一地;on两地接壤;to两地不接壤。操场属于学校,所以第一个空用in;而操场和教室不接壤,第二空用to,故选D。
26.D
【解析】句意:有一位外教和一些学生在谈论中国茶。
考查There be句型。has有,第三人称单数形式;have有,动词原形;are是,用于第二人称单复数现在时,第一、三人称复数现在时;is是,用于第三人称单数现在时。根据题干“There…a foreign teacher and some students talking about Chinese tea.”可知是There be句型,不能与have/has连用,故排除选项A和B;There be句型需遵循就近原则,空后的“a foreign teacher”为单数,空处应填is。故选D。
27.C
【解析】句意:——嘿,约翰!关于下周的英语俱乐部活动你了解到多少信息?——将会有歌唱比赛和一场英语图书展。
考查特殊疑问词和there be结构。How much多少(提问不可数名词);How many多少(提问可数名词)。根据名词information为不可数名词可知,应用How much提问。由next week可知,此处描述将来的事情,应用一般将来时,there will be和there is/are going to be 为there be结构的将来时形式。故选C。
28.A
【解析】句意:下个月我们学校将会有一场图书义卖。
考查There be句型的一般将来时。There be句型不能和have/has连用,排除B和D;根据“next month”可知,此句应用一般将来时。故选A。
29.B
【解析】句意:下个月我们学校将有多项体育赛事。我们等不及要去看。
考查there be句型的一般将来时用法及不定式用法。根据“next month”可知,第一句时态为一般将来时,there be句型的一般将来时结构:there will be或there is/are going to be,故排除A和C。固定搭配can’t wait to do sth.表示“迫不及待地要做某事”,故第二个空填to see。故选B。
30.A
【解析】句意:在铅笔盒里有一把尺子和两块橡皮。
考查there be句型。根据就近原则,be动词的形式应与其后最近的名词保持一致。a ruler是单数名词,因此用单数形式is。故选A。
31.C
【解析】句意:如果我们不做任何事,将来就不会再有大熊猫了。
考查there be句型。表示“某地有某物”用“there be+名词”的句型,和have不能同时使用。选项A、B和D错误。根据“will”可知讲述的是将来的动作,用“will be”或“be going to be”。故选C。
32.B
【解析】句意:——明天有班会吗?——可能(有)。刚才我看见我们老师正在写演讲稿。
考查there be句型。根据问句中的“tomorrow”可知,本句应使用一般将来时;再由“...there...a class meeting”可知,本句要考查there be句型一般疑问句,结合时态,本句要符合“Will+there be+其它”结构。故选B。
33.C
【解析】句意:我家有五口人。
考查there be句型及名词辨析。home家;family家庭。本题是there be句型,句子主语five people是复数,be动词用are;此处指的是我的家庭里有五口人,故第二空填family。故选C。
34.C
【解析】句意:将来我们学校会有更多的建筑。结合选项,可知此处为There be句型,又根据“in the future”,可知此处需使用一般将来时,其结构为There will be。故选C。
35.B
【解析】句意:——今天下午有一个关于英语学习的重要会议。——我会准时来参加的。
考查一般将来时。根据“this afternoon”和“I will come”可知,该句时态为一般将来时,其谓语动词结构为will do。there be句型的一般将来时结构可为“there will be”。故选B。
二、
36. lies between
【解析】lie“位于”;between“在……之间”。时态为一般现在时,主语是the small village,动词用三单形式。故填lies;between。
37. sitting by
【解析】根据中英文对照,此处缺少“坐在……边”,用英文中表达为sit by,由“is”可判断句子为现在进行时,其结构为“be + 动词现在分词”,sit的现在分词形式是sitting。故填sitting;by。
38. Here it is
【解析】对照汉语意思,可知英语句子缺少“在这儿呢”的表达。“在这儿呢”用于指代前文提到的单数物品时,翻译为Here it is,Here置于句首引起倒装,主语为it,be动词用is。故填 Here;it;is。
39. behind the sports field
【解析】根据中英文对照,空格处缺“在运动场后面”的表达。behind“在……后面”,sports field“运动场”,此处为特指,需加定冠词the,即behind the sports field。故填behind;the;sports;field。
40. Are on the table they aren’t
【解析】主语“those apples”为复数,be动词用are,on the table“在桌子上”,三者构成主系表结构,are提到主语前构成一般疑问句;are提问,用are回答,其否定回答为“No,主语+aren’t”,指代“those apples”应用主格代词they“它们”,作主语。结合语境可知,两句都用一般现在时。故填Are;on;the;table;they;aren’t。
41. next to
【解析】根据中英文提示可知,此处使用next to“在……旁边”;句子为主系表结构,需要用介词短语作表语。故填next;to。
42. supermarket near
【解析】对照中英文可知,缺少“超市”和“附近”。“超市”用supermarket,可数名词,位于“a”后,填可数名词单数,作主语;“附近”即“在……附近”用介词near。故填supermarket;near。
43. walk through
【解析】对照中英文可知缺少“走过”,“走”walk,且to后用动词原形构成不定式,“经过”through。故填walk;through。
44. is across from
【解析】分析句子可知是there be句型,主语a restaurant是单数,be动词用is;“对面”across from。故填is;across;from。
45. at the sports park
【解析】根据中英文提示可知,此处使用at the sports park“在运动公园”,在句中作地点状语;按照英文表达习惯,地点短语的构成是“介词+定冠词+名词短语”。故填at;the;sports;park。
46. at the sports park
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,此处使用at the sports park“在运动公园”,其中at后接小地点,此处特指某一个运动公园,所以用the表示特指,park使用单数形式。故填at;the;sports;park。
47. in the summer
【解析】根据所给句意可知,空白处表示“在夏天”,表达为in the summer,故填in;the;summer。
48. talk about behind laugh at
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,第一句空缺部分是“谈论”和“在……背后”;第二句空缺部分是“嘲笑”,talk about“谈论”,动词短语;behind“在……背后”,介词;laugh at“嘲笑”,动词短语;根据句中“often”可知时态为一般现在时,且第一句主语是People,所以谓语动词要用原形;根据“Sometimes”可知,时态为一般现在时,且该句主语是they,所以谓语动词要用原形。故填talk;about;behind;laugh;at。
49. next to
【解析】“在……隔壁”next to,是固定搭配。故填next;to。
50. in the corner
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺少“在角落里”,in the corner“在角落里”。故填in;the;corner。
51. There was
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,此处用there be句型,表示某地有某物,主语是单数,句子是一般过去时,be动词用was。故填There;was。
52. There’s something wrong
【解析】There’s something wrong with…“……出问题了”,固定句型。故填There’s;something;wrong。
53. There is little
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺少“没多少了”,可以用there be句型表示,结合“Hurry up!”可知,应用一般现在时,主语time为不可数名词,所以be动词用is,little time表示“没多少时间”。故填There;is;little。
54. There are
【解析】根据题干可知,此处表示某处有某物,应用There be句型,连接并列主语时,遵循“就近一致”原则,距离be动词最近的主语为复数,句中时态为一般现在时,be动词用are。故填There;are。
55. Is there a reading room
【解析】根据句意可知,考查there be句型的一般疑问句:be动词放句首,句末问号。“一个阅览室”的对应英文是a reading room,句子为一般现在时,主语为单数,be动词用is。故填Is;there;a;reading;room。
56. playgrounds are there is only one
【解析】how many后加可数名词复数,playgrounds“操场”,复数名词;表示“某地有某物”应用there be句型,be动词提到there前构成疑问句,主语为复数,时态为一般现在时,be动词用are。only one“只有一个”,第二句主语为单数,be动词用is。故填playgrounds;are;there;is;only;one。
57. aren’t any
【解析】根据“没有”和“There”可知,此句为否定形式的there be句型,主语“TVs”为复数,be动词用are,否定形式为aren’t;否定句中应用限定词any修饰名词“TVs”。故填aren’t;any。
58. There are
【解析】There be句型表示存在,根据“many different kinds of fish”可知,系动词用are。故填There;are。
59. There are
【解析】根据汉语释义可知,句子时态为一般现在时,此处表示“有”,应使用there be 句型,主语“sights”为复数,be动词应使用are。故填There;are。
60. How many music rooms are there
【解析】music room“音乐室”,可数名词,提问其数量应用“How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句”;表示“某地有某物”应用there be句型,be动词提到there前构成一般疑问句,主语为复数,时态为一般现在时,be动词用are。故填How;many;music;rooms;are;there。
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