专题07 阅读表达（期中真题汇编，北京专用）高一英语上学期

专题07 阅读表达 主题01 人与社会——教育 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京西城外国语·期中） When you leave school, you can breathe a sigh of relief and leave learning behind, right? Wrong! Learning should last a lifetime. You exercise your body to stay strong, and you should exercise your mind to stay sharp. An English idiom says, “You can’t teach an old dog new tricks.” But scientists have discovered that isn’t true. Older people can learn, and they should, in order to keep their brain active. Now a new trend has begun in several states in the US that encourages learning. Adults can attend One Day University. They can spend a Saturday or Sunday hearing four 70-minute lectures. Each one is given by a top university professor. One of the original participants said, “It’s like a health club for the brain.” Also, universities like MIT have made all of their courses and lectures available online for free! Libraries offer learning programs, too. With so much available, there is no excuse not to learn! Learning is a habit Don’t leave it behind after you leave school. On the website lifehack.org, author Scott Young mentions several things to help you Always have a book. It doesn’t matter if you read fast or slow. Just read. If you read just one book a week, you’ll read 52 over the course of a year. Think of the knowledge you’ll gain! Practice it. As you read, do something with what you’ve learned. Don’t just enjoy the mental exercise. Use the knowledge. If you read about painting, try it! Make a “to learn” list. Compose a “to learn” list for yourself. Maybe you want to speak better English, play the piano, or cook French food. Whatever interests you, put it on your list and then make the time to do it. Teach others. Whatever you learn, teach someone else. You’ll not only help others but also understand what you’ve learned. 1．Who is this article written for? 2．Why should older people learn? 3．How many ways of learning are mentioned for adults in the US? What are they? 4．Please share a good study habit that has worked well for you. 【答案】1．This article is written for adults, especially older people, to encourage them to continue lifelong learning. 2．Older people should learn to keep their brains active and healthy, as it helps improve cognitive functions and combats the decline associated with aging. 3．There are several ways of learning mentioned for adults in the US: attending One Day University lectures, accessing online university courses, and participating in library learning programs. 4．A study habit that has worked well for me is setting specific goals and breaking down tasks into smaller, manageable parts. This approach helps me stay organized and motivated, allowing me to track progress and achieve learning objectives efficiently. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要阐述了终身学习的重要性及方法。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Learning should last a lifetime. You exercise your body to stay strong, and you should exercise your mind to stay sharp. (学习应该贯穿一生。你锻炼身体以保持强壮，也应该锻炼大脑以保持敏锐)”，以及第二段中“Older people can learn, and they should, in order to keep their brain active. Now a new trend has begun in several states in the US that encourages learning. Adults can attend One Day University. (老年人可以学习，并且他们应该学习以保持大脑活跃。现在美国的几个州出现了一种新的趋势，鼓励学习。成人可以参加一天大学)”可知，文章是写给成人的，特别是老年人。故答案为This article is written for adults, especially older people, to encourage them to continue lifelong learning。 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“But scientists have discovered that isn’t true. Older people can learn, and they should, in order to keep their brain active. (但是科学家们发现，年龄大了就不能学习的观点是不正确的。老年人可以学习，而且他们应该学习以保持大脑活跃)”可知，年长的人需要学习以保持头脑活跃。故答案为Older people should learn to keep their brains active and healthy, as it helps improve cognitive functions and combats the decline associated with aging。 3．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Adults can attend One Day University. They can spend a Saturday or Sunday hearing four 70-minute lectures. Each one is given by a top university professor. One of the original participants said, “It’s like a health club for the brain.” Also, universities like MIT have made all of their courses and lectures available online for free! Libraries offer learning programs, too. (成年人都可以参加一天大学。他们可以在周六或周日听四场每场70分钟的讲座，每一场都由顶尖大学的教授主讲。一位最初的参与者说：“这就像为大脑提供了一个健康俱乐部。”此外，像麻省理工学院这样的大学已经将所有的课程和讲座免费在线提供！图书馆也提供了学习项目)”可知，文章提供了三种可参加的学习方式：一天大学，在线访问MIT等大学的免费课程和图书馆学习项目。故答案为There are several ways of learning mentioned for adults in the US: attending One Day University lectures, accessing online university courses, and participating in library learning programs。 4．开放性题目。此题要求回答会如何利用这一发现，答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：一个对我非常有效的学习习惯是设定具体的目标，并将任务分解成更小、更易管理的部分。这种方法帮助我保持有条理和动力，使我能够跟踪进度并高效地实现学习目标。故答案为A study habit that has worked well for me is setting specific goals and breaking down tasks into smaller, manageable parts. This approach helps me stay organized and motivated, allowing me to track progress and achieve learning objectives efficiently。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一上·北京延庆区·期中） Last month I got the chance to take part in an underwater research project in an area of the Gulf of Mexico called the Flower Gardens. A team of professional researchers, led by the scientist Dr. Matt Phillips, was trying to learn more about the fish and other creatures that live in this part of the sea. The Flower Gardens are a long way from the shore and we spent three days on a boat. The team used a piece of underwater equipment called a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) to collect information. The ROV could measure water depth and temperature and it also had a camera that sent live film back to the boat. The ROV was great fun. It was controlled by a computer on the boat, and I was allowed to operate it a few times. However, the thing I enjoyed most was diving into the water. At first, I was quite frightened — mainly because I couldn’t see land in any direction. But as soon as I jumped into the water, I wasn’t afraid anymore. It was amazing to see the colourful fish swimming around and I could see all the way to the Flower Gardens, which are almost 30 metres down. I will never forget the Flower Gardens. The trip was like a holiday but I also learnt new things about science and research projects. The team were very friendly and everyone was happy to explain what they knew about the sea. It was a great opportunity and it has made me think about my goals in life. The experience will definitely encourage me to work harder to become a scientist. 5．What were the researchers trying to learn about in the Flower Gardens? (不多于5个词) 6．How could the team get the information underwater? (不多于4个词) 7．What did the writer enjoy most in the project? (不多于 4 个词) 8．What is the passage mainly about? (不多于7 个词) 【答案】5．The fish and other creatures. 6．Using the ROV. 7．Diving into the water. 8．The author’s experience in a science project./Author’s experience in an underwater research project. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参与了一次在墨西哥湾“花园区”的水下科研项目，通过操作远程操控设备和潜水，了解了海洋生物，并从中获得了宝贵的经验和启发。这次经历让作者对科学事业产生了更浓厚的兴趣。 5．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Last month I got the chance to take part in an underwater research project in an area of the Gulf of Mexico called the Flower Gardens. A team of professional researchers, led by the scientist Dr. Matt Phillips, was trying to learn more about the fish and other creatures that live in this part of the sea.(上个月，我有机会参与了一项在墨西哥湾一个名为“花园区”的区域进行的水下研究项目。由科学家马特·菲利普斯博士领导的一队专业研究人员，正试图了解更多关于生活在这片海域的鱼类和其他生物的信息)”可知，研究人员试图了解更多关于生活在花园区的鱼类和其他生物的信息。故答案为The fish and other creatures。 6．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“The team used a piece of underwater equipment called a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) to collect information.(研究团队使用了一种名为远程操作潜水器的水下设备来收集信息)”可知，团队使用了一种名为遥控潜水器(ROV)的水下设备来收集信息。故答案为Using the ROV。 7．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“However, the thing I enjoyed most was diving into the water.(然而，我最享受的是潜入水中的那一刻)”可知，作者在项目中最喜欢的是潜入水中。故答案为Diving into the water。 8．考查主旨大意。通读全文，结合第一段“Last month I got the chance to take part in an underwater research project in an area of the Gulf of Mexico called the Flower Gardens.(上个月，我有机会参与了一项在墨西哥湾一个名为“花园区”的区域进行的水下研究项目)”及最后一段“The experience will definitely encourage me to work harder to become a scientist.(这次经历肯定会鼓励我更加努力地成为一名科学家)”可知，本文主要讲述了作者在参与水下研究项目中的经历。故答案为The author’s experience in a science project./ Author’s experience in an underwater research project. Passage 3 （24-25学年高一上·北京中关村中学·期中） Family values are a set of principles and beliefs that a family agrees upon, such as emphasizing the importance of honest behaviors or valuing effort and persistence in achieving goals. They are fundamental and determine how members of a home interact with each other and with the world. Family values determine what you think is important and what is good. These values can help you stay consistent when making decisions in everyday life, especially in moments of uncertainty. This is particularly true when you’re going to make quick decisions based on an emotional reaction. For example, if honesty and communication are your important family values, you’re more likely to approach conflicts with an open mind and a willing heart to talk through issues. When finding your family member has lied to you, instead of acting thoughtlessly, you know what to do—have a talk sincerely. Family values serve as a guiding force within the home, but their impact extends far beyond, shaping societal norms and behaviors. For example, if several families plant generosity in their values, the next generation will grow up to be more generous. As a result, adults in this generation are more likely to take other people’s needs into consideration when making difficult choices. They become positive contributors to the society, developing an atmosphere of care and consideration that enhances communal well-being. Great influence as it has, family values are not taught consciously. Often, they get passed down without being noticed. Those values don’t ever get questioned. Whether you’ve outlined them or not, they’re present. And once you take ownership of those values, you can shape them to be in line with what you expect your family to be. 9．What are family values? 10．How can family values help to make decisions in everyday life? 11．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Family values have great influence within the home, but they have nothing to do with shaping common behaviors and rules in a society. 12．Please share one of your family values and explain how it influences you. (In about 40 words) 【答案】9．Family values are a set of principles and beliefs that a family agrees upon. 10．They can help you stay consistent. 11．Family values have great influence within the home, but they have nothing to do with shaping common behaviors and rules in a society. Family values serve as a guiding force within the home, but their impact extends far beyond, shaping societal norms and behaviors. 12．My family value is that we should help those who are in need. It plays a role that guide me to be an excellent individual and do meaningful things. It is my family value that makes me learn about helping others. 【导语】本文是议论文。文章陈述了家庭价值观的概念以及其对一个人的悄无声息的影响。 9．考查细节理解。根据第一段的“Family values are a set of principles and beliefs that a family agrees upon, such as emphasizing the importance of honest behaviors or valuing effort and persistence in achieving goals.(家庭价值观是一个家庭所认同的一系列原则和信念，比如强调诚实行为的重要性，或者重视努力和坚持来实现目标。)”可知，家庭价值观是一个家庭所认同的一系列原则和信念。故答案为Family values are a set of principles and beliefs that a family agrees upon. 10．考查细节理解。根据第二段的“Family values determine what you think is important and what is good. These values can help you stay consistent when making decisions in everyday life, especially in moments of uncertainty.(家庭价值观决定了你认为什么是重要的，什么是好的。这些价值观可以帮助你在日常生活中做出决定时保持一致，尤其是在不确定的时刻。)”可知，在日常生活中，家庭价值观有助于在做决定时保持一致。故答案为They can help you stay consistent. 11．考查细节理解。根据第三段的“Family values serve as a guiding force within the home, but their impact extends far beyond, shaping societal norms and behaviors.(家庭价值观是家庭内部的指导力量，但其影响远不止于此，它塑造了社会规范和行为。)”可知，家庭价值观不仅在家庭内部有重大的影响，但其影响远不止于此，它也塑造了社会规范和行为。故答案为Family values have great influence within the home, but they have nothing to do with shaping common behaviors and rules in a society. Because family values serve as a guiding force within the home, but their impact extends far beyond, shaping societal norms and behaviors. 12．开放性试题。观点正确即可。例如，我的家庭价值观是我们应该帮助那些需要帮助的人。它引导我成为一个优秀的人，做有意义的事情。正是我的家庭价值观让我学会了帮助别人。故答案为My family value is that we should help those who are in need. It plays a role that guide me to be an excellent individual and do meaningful things. It is my family value that makes me learn about helping others. 主题02 人与社会——人际交往 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京通州区·期中） I was never very neat (整洁的), while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other. War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming (尖叫), “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling (大喊). She yelled back louder. The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled (爬) under her covers, sobbing (抽噎). Obviously, that was something she should not go through alone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy (同情) rose up in my heart. Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn’t notice Kate had sat up. She was watching in surprise. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “Thanks.” Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on. 13．What made Kate so angry one evening? 14．What was the key to living together that the writer and Kate learned? 15．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The writer tidied up the room because she was frightened by Kate’s anger. 16．What can getting along well with each other bring us? ( In about 40 words ) 【答案】13．She saw the author’s shoes beneath her bed. 14．The key to living together that the writer and Kate learned was giving in, cleaning up, and holding on. 15．The writer tidied up the room because she was frightened by Kate’s anger. The writer tidied up the room out of sympathy for Kate, who was upset about her grandma being seriously ill, not because she was frightened by Kate’s anger. 16．Getting along well with each other can bring us harmony, mutual support, and a sense of belonging, making our lives more pleasant and fulfilling. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者与其室友凯特之间从不和到和解的故事。 13．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Soon, I heard her screaming (尖叫), “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!”(很快，我听到她尖叫道：“把你的鞋子拿走！为什么在我床底下！”)”可知，让凯特如此生气的是她看见作者的鞋在她的床下，故答案为She saw the author’s shoes beneath her bed. 14．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.(我们并不总是意见一致，但我们学会了共同生活的关键：让步、清理和坚持。)”可知，作者和凯特学到的共同生活的关键是让步，清理和坚持。故答案为The key to living together that the writer and Kate learned was giving in, cleaning up, and holding on. 15．考查细节理解。根据第三段“From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill.(从她谈话的结尾，我马上就能看出她奶奶病得很重。)”，“All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy (同情) rose up in my heart.(突然，一种温暖的同情之情在我心中升起。)”和第四段“Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side.(我慢慢地收起铅笔，拿回书本，铺好床，洗干净袜子，还打扫了地板，就连她那边也打扫了。)”可知，凯特因为奶奶病得很重而心烦意乱，作者出于对凯特的同情而打扫了房间，并不是因为害怕凯特的愤怒。故答案为The writer tidied up the room because she was frightened by Kate’s anger. The writer tidied up the room out of sympathy for Kate, who was upset about her grandma being seriously ill, not because she was frightened by Kate’s anger. 16．考查推理判断。根据全文内容及个人理解，我认为彼此相处融洽可以给我们带来和谐，相互支持和归属感，使我们的生活更加愉快和充实。故答案为Getting along well with each other can bring us harmony, mutual support, and a sense of belonging, making our lives more pleasant and fulfilling. 主题01 人与社会——艺术 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京丰台区·期中） It might surprise you that Tejana music did not start either in Texas or in Mexico, but in Europe. It all began with the polka. This was a folk dance from Bohemia. It was for young lovers, and so was very lively. It was made up of a hop and three short steps, and the music that went with it had a marked beat. The polka appeared in Paris in about 1843, and immediately became a great success. It quickly spread throughout Europe. Eventually even serious musicians such as Smetana and Dvorak used its beats in their work. It traveled east to the Russian court at St. Petersburg, and as far west as the new world. German introduced the polka and its music to Texas, where once again it became a huge popular success. It was there on the US-Mexican border that local musicians started to mix the European polka with Mexican mariachi music. Mariachi music was traditionally played at weddings in Mexico, and it is possible that that is how it got its name. Mariachi might well be a Spanish version of the French word for marriage. Soon the pleasant European accordions (手风琴) mixed with the Mexican bass guitar to produce a completely new and very unusual type of music. This music acquired two different names: “Tejana” in the United States and “Nortena” in Mexico. For decades Tejana music did not go beyond the dance halls and popular gatherings of it birthplace. It was not until about seventy years after its appearance that Tejana music began to spread widely. Then a young Mexican-American singer, “Selena”, made it popular throughout the United States, and in other countries too. In the hundred years since its birth Tejana music has suffered great changes. The accordion still there, but the electric guitar has replaced the Mexican bass. The latest Tejana/Nortena hits more elements of US country and western and rock, as well as Colombian cumbia. The unique musical form that began with a European folk dance continues to develop and grow in popularity. 17．According to the passage, what was a polka? (不多于三个单词) 18．In what occasion (场合) was Mexican mariachi music traditionally played? (不多于两个单词) 19．When did Tejana music begin to spread widely? (不多于六个单词) 20．What does the passage mainly talk about? (不多于五个单词) 【答案】17．A folk dance. 18．At weddings. 19．About seventy years after its appearance. 20．The development of Tejana music. 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲了Tejana这种音乐在它诞生的一百年里经历的发展和变化。 17．细节理解题。根据第一段的It all began with the polka. This was a folk dance from Bohemia.( 一切都始于波尔卡舞。这是一种来自波西米亚的民间舞蹈)可知，this用来指代上文的the polka，因此Polka是一种民间舞蹈，故答案为A folk dance。 18．细节理解题。根据第二段的Mariachi music was traditionally played at weddings in Mexico(传统上在婚礼上演奏墨西哥流浪乐队的音乐)可知，墨西哥流浪乐队的传统音乐是在婚礼上演奏的。故答案为At weddings。 19．细节理解题。根据第三段的It was not until about seventy years after its appearance that Tejana music began to spread widely.(直到大约70年后，Tejana音乐才开始广泛传播)可知，Tejana是在它出现大约70年以后开始广泛传播的。故答案为About seventy years after its appearance。 20．主旨大意题。通读全文及最后一段的In the hundred years since its birth Tejana music has suffered great changes.(在它诞生的一百年里，Tejana音乐经历了巨大的变化)可知，本文主要讲了Tejana这种音乐在它诞生的一百年里经历的发展和变化，故答案为The development of Tejana music。 【点睛】细节理解题常用的方法之一是关键信息定位法，如涉及到数字（日期、时间、价格等）或者地点名词、人名等，就可以在文章中快速圈出关键信息，再找出一些动作、程度等关键字眼。如第2题In what occasion (场合) was Mexican mariachi music traditionally played? (不多于两个单词)，其中可以用Mexican mariachi music这个名词迅速定位到第二段，再根据traditionally played这类动作等关键词就可以定位答案。 主题02 人与社会——科学科普 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京日坛中学·期中） People who are at your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they influence you on your decision or action, it's called peer pressure. All of us, at some point in our lives, have had to deal with peer pressure. The need to follow the crowd and do what majority of us are doing forces us to take up activities which we wouldn't otherwise. Recent studies have shown that peer pressure might cause an upside to you. It can make you reflect on your actions and make changes to your ways to become a better one. Observing others working hard to reach their goals will definitely encourage you to make a great effort to achieve something positive. Having a group that brings positive peer pressure can also help you pick up healthy habits that can shape both your personality and your future. The motivation to do well because of pressure from your peers can actually become inspiration. Just as some influences can be positive, some can be negative too. Peer pressure sometimes can make a dip in your self-confidence. Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked, or because they worry that others might make fun of them if they don't go along with the group. The idea that “everyone’ s doing it” can influence them to leave their better judgment behind. Besides, peer pressure can distance you from your family and friends. It is common for teenagers to think that nobody understands them and that the whole world is against them. They just shut themselves off and fall into bad company. It's likely that you've experienced the effect of peer pressure in different areas, ranging from the clothes you wear to the music you listen to. Sometimes it can be hard to resist and you may feel forced to do something you' re uncomfortable with. So being aware of and carefully choosing the influence of peers that will lead to healthy and happy experiences is a lifelong process. 21．What is peer pressure? 22．What positive influences can peer pressure bring to people? 23．Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why. Under negative peer pressure, teenagers may build up self-confidence, make wrong judgment or keep a distance from family and friends. 24．In your opinion, how can teenagers deal with peer pressure properly? （about 40 words） 【答案】21．Peer pressure is the influence that classmates or peers have on an individual’s decisions and actions, often leading them to adopt behaviors or activities they might not otherwise choose, in order to fit in or be accepted by the group. 22．Peer pressure can encourage individuals to reflect on their actions and strive for self-improvement. It can motivate them to work hard towards their goals and adopt healthy habits, ultimately shaping their personality and future positively. 23．Explanation: The statement is false because negative peer pressure typically leads to a decrease in self-confidence, as individuals may feel compelled to conform or act against their better judgment, rather than building it up. 24．Explanation: The statement is false because negative peer pressure typically leads to a decrease in self-confidence, as individuals may feel compelled to conform or act against their better judgment, rather than building it up. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了同龄人压力既能给我们带来积极的影响也能使我们不自信，所以我们要有意识地仔细选择同龄人的影响，这样才会使你的人生更健康，更快乐。 21．考查细节理解。根据第一段“People who are at your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they influence you on your decision or action, it's called peer pressure. All of us, at some point in our lives, have had to deal with peer pressure. The need to follow the crowd and do what majority of us are doing forces us to take up activities which we wouldn't otherwise.( 和你年龄相仿的人，就像你的同学一样，被称为同龄人。当他们影响你的决定或行动时，这被称为同龄人压力。我们所有人，在生命中的某个时刻，都不得不面对同龄人压力。随大流和做大多数人正在做的事情的需要迫使我们去做一些我们本来不会做的事情。)”可知，同龄人压力是同学或同伴对个人的决定和行为的影响，通常会导致他们采取他们可能不会选择的行为或活动，以适应或被群体接受。故答案是：Peer pressure is the influence that classmates or peers have on an individual’s decisions and actions, often leading them to adopt behaviors or activities they might not otherwise choose, in order to fit in or be accepted by the group. 22．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“It can make you reflect on your actions and make changes to your ways to become a better one. Observing others working hard to reach their goals will definitely encourage you to make a great effort to achieve something positive. Having a group that brings positive peer pressure can also help you pick up healthy habits that can shape both your personality and your future.( 它可以让你反思你的行为，改变你的方式，成为一个更好的人。观察别人努力工作以达到他们的目标肯定会鼓励你做出更大的努力来实现一些积极的事情。拥有一个能给你带来积极的同龄人压力的团体也能帮助你养成健康的习惯，这些习惯可以塑造你的个性和未来。)”可知，同龄人压力可以鼓励个人反思自己的行为，努力自我提升。它可以激励他们朝着自己的目标努力工作，养成健康的习惯，最终积极塑造他们的个性和未来。故答案是：Peer pressure can encourage individuals to reflect on their actions and strive for self-improvement. It can motivate them to work hard towards their goals and adopt healthy habits, ultimately shaping their personality and future positively. 23．考查细节理解。根据“Just as some influences can be positive, some can be negative too. Peer pressure sometimes can make a dip in your self-confidence.( 正如有些影响可以是积极的，有些也可以是消极的。来自同龄人压力有时会使你的自信心下降。)”以及“Besides, peer pressure can distance you from your family and friends.( 此外，同龄人压力会使你与家人和朋友疏远。)”可知，原句错误的部分为“teenagers may build up self-confidence(青少年可能会建立自信)”，因为：因为负面的同龄人压力通常会导致自信心的下降，因为个人可能会感到被迫遵守或违背他们更好的判断，而不是建立自信。故答案是：Explanation: The statement is false because negative peer pressure typically leads to a decrease in self-confidence, as individuals may feel compelled to conform or act against their better judgment, rather than building it up. 24．考查主观评价。根据文章大意以及题干的问题可知，在我看来，青少年正确处理同龄人压力的方法可以为：青少年可以通过培养强烈的自我意识，设定明确的个人价值观，以及与鼓励积极行为的支持自己的朋友在一起来应对同龄人压力。学会说“不”，从值得信任的成年人那里寻求指导也会有所帮助。故答案是：Teenagers can deal with peer pressure by developing strong self-awareness, setting clear personal values, and surrounding themselves with supportive friends who encourage positive behaviors. Learning to say no and seeking guidance from trusted adults can also help. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一上·北京第十九中学·期中） Everyone feels stressed from time to time. But what is stress? How does it affect your health? And what can you do about it? Stress is how the brain and body respond to any demand. Every type of demand or stressor — such as exercise, work, school, or major life changes — can be stressful. Stress can affect your health. Yet not all stress is bad. Stress can motivate people to prepare or perform, like when they need to take a test or interview for a new job. Stress can even be life-saving in some situations. In response to danger, your pulse quickens, you breathe faster, your muscles tense, your brain uses more oxygen and increases activity — all functions aimed at survival. However, health problems can occur if the stress response goes on for too long or becomes chronic (长期的). With chronic stress, those same life-saving responses in your body can suppress (抑制) immune, digestive, sleep, and reproductive systems, which may cause them to stop working normally. Some people may experience digestive symptoms (症状), while others may have headaches, sleeplessness, sadness or anger. The following are some tips that may help you cope with stress: ●Recognize the Signs of your body’s response to stress, such as difficulty sleeping, being easily angered, feeling depressed, or having low energy. ●Get Regular Exercise. Just 30 minutes per day of walking can help improve your mood and reduce stress. ●Try a Relaxing Activity. Explore stress coping programs, which may include meditation, yoga, tai chi, or other gentle exercises. For some stress-related conditions, these approaches are used in addition to other forms of treatment. Schedule fixed times for these and other healthy and relaxing activities. ●Set Goals and Priorities (首要事情). Decide what must get done and what can wait, and learn to say no to new tasks if they are putting you into overload. Note what you have finished at the end of the day, not what you have been unable to do. ●Stay Connected with people who can provide emotional and other support. To reduce stress, ask for help from friends, teachers or family members. If you’re stressed out and can not function well, do ask for professional help. 25．According to the passage, what are the causes of stress? 26．What are the benefits of stress? 27．If people suffer from stress for a very long time, what physical symptoms might they experience? 28．Suppose your friend Jim will take an important exam in a few days, and he feels quite stressed right now. Please give him one piece of advice on relieving stress, and explain why. （In about 20-30 words.） 【答案】25．According to the passage, stress can be caused by various demands or stressors, including exercise, work, school, and major life changes. 26．Stress can motivate people to prepare or perform better, such as when preparing for a test or a job interview. It can also be life-saving in dangerous situations by triggering a fight-or-flight response. 27．If people suffer from chronic stress, they might experience digestive issues, headaches, sleeplessness, sadness, or anger. 28．Jim, try to get regular exercise, even just a 30-minute walk daily. Physical activity can boost your mood and reduce stress, helping you feel more relaxed and focused before the exam. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了压力的定义、影响、益处及应对压力的方法。 25．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Stress is how the brain and body respond to any demand. Every type of demand or stressor — such as exercise, work, school, or major life changes—can be stressful.(压力是大脑和身体对任何需求的反应。每种类型的需求或压力源，如锻炼、工作、学校或重大的生活变化，都可能带来压力)”可知，压力可能是由各种需求或压力源引起的，包括运动、工作、学校和重大的生活变化。故答案为According to the passage, stress can be caused by various demands or stressors, including exercise, work, school, and major life changes. 26．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Stress can motivate people to prepare or perform, like when they need to take a test or interview for a new job. Stress can even be life-saving in some situations. In response to danger, your pulse quickens, you breathe faster, your muscles tense, your brain uses more oxygen and increases activity — all functions aimed at survival.(压力可以激励人们做好准备或表现，比如当他们需要参加新工作的考试或面试时。在某些情况下，压力甚至可以挽救生命。为了应对危险，你的脉搏加快，呼吸加快，肌肉紧张，大脑消耗更多的氧气并增加活动——所有这些功能都是为了生存)”可知，压力可以激励人们做好准备或表现得更好，比如在准备考试或面试时。在危险情况下，它也可以通过引发战斗或逃跑反应来挽救生命。故答案为Stress can motivate people to prepare or perform better, such as when preparing for a test or a job interview. It can also be life-saving in dangerous situations by triggering a fight-or-flight response. 27．细节理解题。根据第三段的“With chronic stress, those same life-saving responses in your body can suppress (抑制) immune, digestive, sleep, and reproductive systems, which may cause them to stop working normally. Some people may experience digestive symptoms (症状), while others may have headaches, sleeplessness, sadness or anger.(在慢性压力下，你体内的这些救生反应会抑制免疫、消化、睡眠和生殖系统，这可能会导致它们停止正常工作。有些人可能会出现消化系统症状，而另一些人可能会头痛、失眠、悲伤或愤怒)”可知，如果人们患有慢性压力，他们可能会出现消化问题、头痛、失眠、悲伤或愤怒。故答案为If people suffer from chronic stress, they might experience digestive issues, headaches, sleeplessness, sadness, or anger. 28．开放性试题。本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可。题目为“假设你的朋友吉姆几天后要参加一场重要的考试，他现在感到压力很大。请给他一条缓解压力的建议，并解释原因。”所以建议为“吉姆，试着定期锻炼，比如每天散步30分钟；它可以改善你的情绪，减轻压力，帮助你更好地专注于考试准备”。故答案为Jim, try to get regular exercise, even just a 30-minute walk daily. Physical activity can boost your mood and reduce stress, helping you feel more relaxed and focused before the exam. 主题03 人与自我——健康 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京第三十五中学·期中） The Who, What and Why of Chinese Martial Arts Chinese martial arts are one of China’s most popular and successful cultural exports. Despite their widespread and enduring popularity, most people’s understanding of the Chinese martial arts is limited. Join us as we explore the history and culture behind these ancient forms of self-defense. What are the Chinese martial arts? The Chinese martial arts are a collection of hundreds of different fighting styles that developed over centuries of Chinese history. Many of the Chinese martial arts incorporate (并入) philosophical concepts that are closely connected with Chinese religion and philosophy, especially Taoism (道教). Origins and history The martial arts have a long history in China. As the name Wu Shu suggests, the martial arts are thought to have developed as methods for hand-to-hand combat (格斗) used by ancient Chinese soldiers. One of the most influential Chinese martial arts styles — Tai Chi Tai Chi is the most well-known of the “internal” Chinese martial arts styles. While it is most commonly practiced today as a meditative, gentle form of exercise, it also has its roots in the martial arts and was originally developed as a form of self-defense. Tai Chi is sometimes referred to as “shadow boxing.” Although most people think of Tai Chi as being made up of slow movements, there are several styles which include faster paced elements. When playing Tai Chi, practitioners work to seek a balance between yin (a dark, soft, female force) and yang (a hard, bright, male force) forces so that two forces of equal strength are never used against each other. The use of a hard force against another hard force can only result in deadlock. Thus, in Tai Chi, hardness should be met with softness, and vice versa. Today, Tai Chi is known both within China and around the world for its many scientifically proven health benefits. Some renowned Mayo clinic even recommends Tai Chi as a great way to gently reduce stress and anxiety. A window into Chinese culture Due to their connections with Chinese philosophy, religion and history, the Chinese martial arts provide a fascinating window into traditional Chinese culture. We invite you to join us to experience China firsthand through martial arts. 29．What is Chinese martial arts? 30．What do practitioners want to achieve while playing Tai Chi? 31．What is the purpose of this passage? 32．Write some benefits of Chinese martial arts and explain. (In about 40 words) 【答案】29．The Chinese martial arts are a collection of hundreds of different fighting styles that developed over centuries of Chinese history. 30．While playing Tai Chi, practitioners want to achieve a balance between yin and yang. 31．To invite people to explore the history and culture behind Chinese martial arts and experience China firsthand through them. 32．Chinese martial arts not only have some health benefits because they can help reduce stress and anxiety, but also provide a fascinating window into traditional Chinese culture due to their connections with Chinese philosophy, religion and history. 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国武术的概念、起源、历史及其影响。 29．考查细节理解。根据第二段“The Chinese martial arts are a collection of hundreds of different fighting styles that developed over centuries of Chinese history.(中国武术是数百种在中国历史上发展了几个世纪的不同打斗风格的集合)”可知，该句描述了什么是中国武术。故答案为The Chinese martial arts are a collection of hundreds of different fighting styles that developed over centuries of Chinese history. 30．考查细节理解。根据第六段“When playing Tai Chi, practitioners work to seek a balance between yin (a dark, soft, female force) and yang (a hard, bright, male force)  forces so that two forces of equal strength are never used against each other.(打太极时，练习者努力寻求阴（黑暗，柔软，女性力量）和阳（坚硬，明亮，男性力量）力量之间的平衡，这样两种力量相等的力量永远不会相互对抗)”可知，在打太极时，练习者都想要达到阴阳平衡的效果。故答案为While playing Tai Chi, practitioners want to achieve a balance between yin and yang. 31．考查推理判断。根据第一段“Join us as we explore the history and culture behind these ancient forms of self-defense.(和我们一起探索这些古老自卫形式背后的历史和文化)”和最后一段“We invite you to join us to experience China firsthand through martial arts.(我们邀请您加入我们，通过武术亲身体验中国)”可知，本文的目的是邀请人们一起探索中国武术背后的历史和文化，通过武术亲身体验中国。故答案为To invite people to explore the history and culture behind Chinese martial arts and experience China firsthand through them. 32．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“Today, Tai Chi is known both within China and around the world for its many scientifically proven health benefits. Some renowned Mayo clinic even recommends Tai Chi as a great way to gently reduce stress and anxiety.(今天，太极拳在中国和世界各地都因其许多科学证明的健康益处而闻名。一些著名的Mayo诊所甚至推荐太极拳作为减轻压力和焦虑的好方法)”和最后一段“Due to their connections with Chinese philosophy, religion and history, the Chinese martial arts provide a fascinating window into traditional Chinese culture.(由于与中国哲学、宗教和历史的联系，中国武术为了解中国传统文化提供了一个迷人的窗口)”可知，中国武术不仅对健康有益，因为它们可以减轻压力和焦虑，还为了解中国传统文化提供了一个迷人的窗口，因为它们与中国哲学、宗教和历史的联系。故答案为Chinese martial arts not only have some health benefits because they can help reduce stress and anxiety, but also provide a fascinating window into traditional Chinese culture due to their connections with Chinese philosophy, religion and history. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一上·北京第一零九中学·期中） Nowadays, people are spending more hours on work. However, taking some time off is important for refreshing yourselves. If you’re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by the UCLA’s Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. The findings are based on a series of experiments. In one study of 441 workers, half of the test subjects were instructed to have a normal weekend, while the others had to “treat their weekend like a vacation.” The next Monday, the weekend vacationers reported that they felt happier and were generally more satisfied than those who had had a normal weekend. The vacationers also reported they spent more money in vacation mode—about $ 130 compared to $104. But it wasn’t the money that bought them happiness. The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend. The vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. The reason the vacation approach may have worked wonders: The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. “We’re always trying to get through things to check off our to-do lists and treating the weekend like a vacation pushes us out of our continuous ‘doing’ mode,” said Cassie Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School. The study showed that getting into a vacation mindset during the weekend is relatively easy. Even if you can’t take the entire weekend “off”, you can manage to steal a piece of the weekend to gain the benefits of a vacation mindset. 33．What does the research of the UCLA’s Anderson School suggest? 34．Why may the vacation approach have worked wonders? 35．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group. 36．What would you do to get into a vacation mindset at weekends? And explain why.(In about 40 words) 【答案】33．Treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. 34．The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. 35．When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. 36．I treat the weekend like a vacation, which allows me to mentally get out of continuous work mode. Because we always want to get things done and check our to-do list, this can make us feel tense and stressed. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如今，人们花在工作上的时间越来越多。然而，休息一段时间对恢复精神很重要。如果你找不到时间休息，加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森学院最近的研究表明，把周末当作假期可以让你更快乐。 33．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“If you’re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by the UCLA’s Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier.”（如果你找不到时间休息，加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森学院最近的研究表明，把周末当作假期可以让你更快乐。）可知，加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森商学院的研究表明了把周末当作假期可以让你更快乐。故答案为Treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. 34．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“The reason the vacation approach may have worked wonders: The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment.”（度假的方式可能会产生奇迹的原因是：度假的心态让人们更加关注当下。）可知，度假方式会产生奇迹是因为度假的心态让人们更加关注当下。故答案为The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. 35．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend. The vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend.”（研究人员控制了两组人可以花的钱。度假者仍然比那些过了一个普通周末的人更快乐。）可知，When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group.（当研究人员控制两组人可以花的钱时，度假组比另一组更不快乐。）这项陈述中，“度假组比另一组更不快乐”这句话是错误的。正确的表述应为：当研究人员控制两组人可以花的钱时，度假者仍然比那些过了一个普通周末的人更快乐。故答案为When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. 36．考查主观评价。根据文章大意以及倒数第二段中““We’re always trying to get through things to check off our to-do lists and treating the weekend like a vacation pushes us out of our continuous ‘doing’ mode,” said Cassie Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School.”（加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森学院(UCLA Anderson School)教授凯西·霍姆斯(Cassie Holmes)说：“我们总是想把事情做完，检查我们的待办事项清单，把周末当成假期，这让我们摆脱了连续不断的‘做’模式。”）以及题干的要求“你会怎么做才能在周末进入度假心态呢？并解释原因”，言之有理即可。参考答案：我会把周末当成假期，这让我从心理上摆脱了连续不断的工作模式。因为我们总是想把事情做完，检查我们的待办事项清单，这可能会让我们感到紧张和有压力。故答案为I treat the weekend like a vacation, which allows me to mentally get out of continuous work mode. Because we always want to get things done and check our to-do list, this can make us feel tense and stressed. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 阅读表达 主题01 人与社会——教育 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京西城外国语·期中） When you leave school, you can breathe a sigh of relief and leave learning behind, right? Wrong! Learning should last a lifetime. You exercise your body to stay strong, and you should exercise your mind to stay sharp. An English idiom says, “You can’t teach an old dog new tricks.” But scientists have discovered that isn’t true. Older people can learn, and they should, in order to keep their brain active. Now a new trend has begun in several states in the US that encourages learning. Adults can attend One Day University. They can spend a Saturday or Sunday hearing four 70-minute lectures. Each one is given by a top university professor. One of the original participants said, “It’s like a health club for the brain.” Also, universities like MIT have made all of their courses and lectures available online for free! Libraries offer learning programs, too. With so much available, there is no excuse not to learn! Learning is a habit Don’t leave it behind after you leave school. On the website lifehack.org, author Scott Young mentions several things to help you Always have a book. It doesn’t matter if you read fast or slow. Just read. If you read just one book a week, you’ll read 52 over the course of a year. Think of the knowledge you’ll gain! Practice it. As you read, do something with what you’ve learned. Don’t just enjoy the mental exercise. Use the knowledge. If you read about painting, try it! Make a “to learn” list. Compose a “to learn” list for yourself. Maybe you want to speak better English, play the piano, or cook French food. Whatever interests you, put it on your list and then make the time to do it. Teach others. Whatever you learn, teach someone else. You’ll not only help others but also understand what you’ve learned. 1．Who is this article written for? 2．Why should older people learn? 3．How many ways of learning are mentioned for adults in the US? What are they? 4．Please share a good study habit that has worked well for you. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一上·北京延庆区·期中） Last month I got the chance to take part in an underwater research project in an area of the Gulf of Mexico called the Flower Gardens. A team of professional researchers, led by the scientist Dr. Matt Phillips, was trying to learn more about the fish and other creatures that live in this part of the sea. The Flower Gardens are a long way from the shore and we spent three days on a boat. The team used a piece of underwater equipment called a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) to collect information. The ROV could measure water depth and temperature and it also had a camera that sent live film back to the boat. The ROV was great fun. It was controlled by a computer on the boat, and I was allowed to operate it a few times. However, the thing I enjoyed most was diving into the water. At first, I was quite frightened — mainly because I couldn’t see land in any direction. But as soon as I jumped into the water, I wasn’t afraid anymore. It was amazing to see the colourful fish swimming around and I could see all the way to the Flower Gardens, which are almost 30 metres down. I will never forget the Flower Gardens. The trip was like a holiday but I also learnt new things about science and research projects. The team were very friendly and everyone was happy to explain what they knew about the sea. It was a great opportunity and it has made me think about my goals in life. The experience will definitely encourage me to work harder to become a scientist. 5．What were the researchers trying to learn about in the Flower Gardens? (不多于5个词) 6．How could the team get the information underwater? (不多于4个词) 7．What did the writer enjoy most in the project? (不多于 4 个词) 8．What is the passage mainly about? (不多于7 个词) Passage 3 （24-25学年高一上·北京中关村中学·期中） Family values are a set of principles and beliefs that a family agrees upon, such as emphasizing the importance of honest behaviors or valuing effort and persistence in achieving goals. They are fundamental and determine how members of a home interact with each other and with the world. Family values determine what you think is important and what is good. These values can help you stay consistent when making decisions in everyday life, especially in moments of uncertainty. This is particularly true when you’re going to make quick decisions based on an emotional reaction. For example, if honesty and communication are your important family values, you’re more likely to approach conflicts with an open mind and a willing heart to talk through issues. When finding your family member has lied to you, instead of acting thoughtlessly, you know what to do—have a talk sincerely. Family values serve as a guiding force within the home, but their impact extends far beyond, shaping societal norms and behaviors. For example, if several families plant generosity in their values, the next generation will grow up to be more generous. As a result, adults in this generation are more likely to take other people’s needs into consideration when making difficult choices. They become positive contributors to the society, developing an atmosphere of care and consideration that enhances communal well-being. Great influence as it has, family values are not taught consciously. Often, they get passed down without being noticed. Those values don’t ever get questioned. Whether you’ve outlined them or not, they’re present. And once you take ownership of those values, you can shape them to be in line with what you expect your family to be. 9．What are family values? 10．How can family values help to make decisions in everyday life? 11．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Family values have great influence within the home, but they have nothing to do with shaping common behaviors and rules in a society. 12．Please share one of your family values and explain how it influences you. (In about 40 words) 主题02 人与社会——人际交往 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京通州区·期中） I was never very neat (整洁的), while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other. War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming (尖叫), “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling (大喊). She yelled back louder. The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled (爬) under her covers, sobbing (抽噎). Obviously, that was something she should not go through alone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy (同情) rose up in my heart. Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn’t notice Kate had sat up. She was watching in surprise. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “Thanks.” Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on. 13．What made Kate so angry one evening? 14．What was the key to living together that the writer and Kate learned? 15．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The writer tidied up the room because she was frightened by Kate’s anger. 16．What can getting along well with each other bring us? ( In about 40 words ) 主题01 人与社会——艺术 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京丰台区·期中） It might surprise you that Tejana music did not start either in Texas or in Mexico, but in Europe. It all began with the polka. This was a folk dance from Bohemia. It was for young lovers, and so was very lively. It was made up of a hop and three short steps, and the music that went with it had a marked beat. The polka appeared in Paris in about 1843, and immediately became a great success. It quickly spread throughout Europe. Eventually even serious musicians such as Smetana and Dvorak used its beats in their work. It traveled east to the Russian court at St. Petersburg, and as far west as the new world. German introduced the polka and its music to Texas, where once again it became a huge popular success. It was there on the US-Mexican border that local musicians started to mix the European polka with Mexican mariachi music. Mariachi music was traditionally played at weddings in Mexico, and it is possible that that is how it got its name. Mariachi might well be a Spanish version of the French word for marriage. Soon the pleasant European accordions (手风琴) mixed with the Mexican bass guitar to produce a completely new and very unusual type of music. This music acquired two different names: “Tejana” in the United States and “Nortena” in Mexico. For decades Tejana music did not go beyond the dance halls and popular gatherings of it birthplace. It was not until about seventy years after its appearance that Tejana music began to spread widely. Then a young Mexican-American singer, “Selena”, made it popular throughout the United States, and in other countries too. In the hundred years since its birth Tejana music has suffered great changes. The accordion still there, but the electric guitar has replaced the Mexican bass. The latest Tejana/Nortena hits more elements of US country and western and rock, as well as Colombian cumbia. The unique musical form that began with a European folk dance continues to develop and grow in popularity. 17．According to the passage, what was a polka? (不多于三个单词) 18．In what occasion (场合) was Mexican mariachi music traditionally played? (不多于两个单词) 19．When did Tejana music begin to spread widely? (不多于六个单词) 20．What does the passage mainly talk about? (不多于五个单词) 主题02 人与社会——科学科普 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京日坛中学·期中） People who are at your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they influence you on your decision or action, it's called peer pressure. All of us, at some point in our lives, have had to deal with peer pressure. The need to follow the crowd and do what majority of us are doing forces us to take up activities which we wouldn't otherwise. Recent studies have shown that peer pressure might cause an upside to you. It can make you reflect on your actions and make changes to your ways to become a better one. Observing others working hard to reach their goals will definitely encourage you to make a great effort to achieve something positive. Having a group that brings positive peer pressure can also help you pick up healthy habits that can shape both your personality and your future. The motivation to do well because of pressure from your peers can actually become inspiration. Just as some influences can be positive, some can be negative too. Peer pressure sometimes can make a dip in your self-confidence. Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked, or because they worry that others might make fun of them if they don't go along with the group. The idea that “everyone’ s doing it” can influence them to leave their better judgment behind. Besides, peer pressure can distance you from your family and friends. It is common for teenagers to think that nobody understands them and that the whole world is against them. They just shut themselves off and fall into bad company. It's likely that you've experienced the effect of peer pressure in different areas, ranging from the clothes you wear to the music you listen to. Sometimes it can be hard to resist and you may feel forced to do something you' re uncomfortable with. So being aware of and carefully choosing the influence of peers that will lead to healthy and happy experiences is a lifelong process. 21．What is peer pressure? 22．What positive influences can peer pressure bring to people? 23．Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why. Under negative peer pressure, teenagers may build up self-confidence, make wrong judgment or keep a distance from family and friends. 24．In your opinion, how can teenagers deal with peer pressure properly? （about 40 words） Passage 2 （24-25学年高一上·北京第十九中学·期中） Everyone feels stressed from time to time. But what is stress? How does it affect your health? And what can you do about it? Stress is how the brain and body respond to any demand. Every type of demand or stressor — such as exercise, work, school, or major life changes — can be stressful. Stress can affect your health. Yet not all stress is bad. Stress can motivate people to prepare or perform, like when they need to take a test or interview for a new job. Stress can even be life-saving in some situations. In response to danger, your pulse quickens, you breathe faster, your muscles tense, your brain uses more oxygen and increases activity — all functions aimed at survival. However, health problems can occur if the stress response goes on for too long or becomes chronic (长期的). With chronic stress, those same life-saving responses in your body can suppress (抑制) immune, digestive, sleep, and reproductive systems, which may cause them to stop working normally. Some people may experience digestive symptoms (症状), while others may have headaches, sleeplessness, sadness or anger. The following are some tips that may help you cope with stress: ●Recognize the Signs of your body’s response to stress, such as difficulty sleeping, being easily angered, feeling depressed, or having low energy. ●Get Regular Exercise. Just 30 minutes per day of walking can help improve your mood and reduce stress. ●Try a Relaxing Activity. Explore stress coping programs, which may include meditation, yoga, tai chi, or other gentle exercises. For some stress-related conditions, these approaches are used in addition to other forms of treatment. Schedule fixed times for these and other healthy and relaxing activities. ●Set Goals and Priorities (首要事情). Decide what must get done and what can wait, and learn to say no to new tasks if they are putting you into overload. Note what you have finished at the end of the day, not what you have been unable to do. ●Stay Connected with people who can provide emotional and other support. To reduce stress, ask for help from friends, teachers or family members. If you’re stressed out and can not function well, do ask for professional help. 25．According to the passage, what are the causes of stress? 26．What are the benefits of stress? 27．If people suffer from stress for a very long time, what physical symptoms might they experience? 28．Suppose your friend Jim will take an important exam in a few days, and he feels quite stressed right now. Please give him one piece of advice on relieving stress, and explain why. （In about 20-30 words.） 主题03 人与自我——健康 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·北京第三十五中学·期中） The Who, What and Why of Chinese Martial Arts Chinese martial arts are one of China’s most popular and successful cultural exports. Despite their widespread and enduring popularity, most people’s understanding of the Chinese martial arts is limited. Join us as we explore the history and culture behind these ancient forms of self-defense. What are the Chinese martial arts? The Chinese martial arts are a collection of hundreds of different fighting styles that developed over centuries of Chinese history. Many of the Chinese martial arts incorporate (并入) philosophical concepts that are closely connected with Chinese religion and philosophy, especially Taoism (道教). Origins and history The martial arts have a long history in China. As the name Wu Shu suggests, the martial arts are thought to have developed as methods for hand-to-hand combat (格斗) used by ancient Chinese soldiers. One of the most influential Chinese martial arts styles — Tai Chi Tai Chi is the most well-known of the “internal” Chinese martial arts styles. While it is most commonly practiced today as a meditative, gentle form of exercise, it also has its roots in the martial arts and was originally developed as a form of self-defense. Tai Chi is sometimes referred to as “shadow boxing.” Although most people think of Tai Chi as being made up of slow movements, there are several styles which include faster paced elements. When playing Tai Chi, practitioners work to seek a balance between yin (a dark, soft, female force) and yang (a hard, bright, male force) forces so that two forces of equal strength are never used against each other. The use of a hard force against another hard force can only result in deadlock. Thus, in Tai Chi, hardness should be met with softness, and vice versa. Today, Tai Chi is known both within China and around the world for its many scientifically proven health benefits. Some renowned Mayo clinic even recommends Tai Chi as a great way to gently reduce stress and anxiety. A window into Chinese culture Due to their connections with Chinese philosophy, religion and history, the Chinese martial arts provide a fascinating window into traditional Chinese culture. We invite you to join us to experience China firsthand through martial arts. 29．What is Chinese martial arts? 30．What do practitioners want to achieve while playing Tai Chi? 31．What is the purpose of this passage? 32．Write some benefits of Chinese martial arts and explain. (In about 40 words) Passage 2 （24-25学年高一上·北京第一零九中学·期中） Nowadays, people are spending more hours on work. However, taking some time off is important for refreshing yourselves. If you’re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by the UCLA’s Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier. The findings are based on a series of experiments. In one study of 441 workers, half of the test subjects were instructed to have a normal weekend, while the others had to “treat their weekend like a vacation.” The next Monday, the weekend vacationers reported that they felt happier and were generally more satisfied than those who had had a normal weekend. The vacationers also reported they spent more money in vacation mode—about $ 130 compared to $104. But it wasn’t the money that bought them happiness. The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend. The vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend. The reason the vacation approach may have worked wonders: The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment. “We’re always trying to get through things to check off our to-do lists and treating the weekend like a vacation pushes us out of our continuous ‘doing’ mode,” said Cassie Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School. The study showed that getting into a vacation mindset during the weekend is relatively easy. Even if you can’t take the entire weekend “off”, you can manage to steal a piece of the weekend to gain the benefits of a vacation mindset. 33．What does the research of the UCLA’s Anderson School suggest? 34．Why may the vacation approach have worked wonders? 35．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group. 36．What would you do to get into a vacation mindset at weekends? And explain why.(In about 40 words) / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $