Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 单元过关测（重点词汇&句型&语法&主题作文）-2025-2026学年人教版（2024） 八年级英语上册

该初中英语讲义通过分类梳理重点词汇、句型、语法及写作构建单元知识体系，用对比表格呈现borrow/lend/keep等易混词辨析，以框架图展示with复合结构、情态动词can/could等句型语法的逻辑关系，清晰呈现重难点分布及内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“考点精练+分层应用”的练习设计，如词汇单选题考查invite用法，语法填空训练延续性动词转换，培养语言运用和逻辑思维素养。作文提供要点提示与范文，基础学生可模仿结构，优秀学生能拓展细节，助力自主复习，教师可据此实施精准分层教学。

Unit 2 Home Sweet Home单元过关测【考点一】重点词汇 【考点二】重点句型 【考点三】语法 【考点四】作文 【考点一】重点词汇 【语法考点一】词汇 1. invite v. 邀请 核心短语：invite sb. to sth.（邀请某人参加某事）；invite sb. to do sth.（邀请某人做某事） 用法：后接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语补足语，如 “invite her to the party”“invite him to give a speech”。 2. borrow v. 借（入） 相关易混词辨析： ☆ lend：动词，意为 “借（出）”，常用搭配 “lend sth. to sb.” ☆ keep：动词，意为 “保留、持有”，为延续性动词，可与表示一段时间的状语连用，而 “borrow” 为短暂性动词，不可与表一段时间的状语连用 核心短语：borrow sth. from sb./sp.（从某人 / 某地借某物） 3. plan v. /n. 计划 词性及用法： ☆ 作动词时，常用搭配 “plan to do sth.”（计划做某事），如 “plan to travel” ☆ 作名词时，意为 “计划、方案”，常用搭配 “make a plan”（制定计划），如 “make a plan for the holiday” 4. until conj. /prep. 直到…… 为止 用法： ☆ 作连词时，引导时间状语从句，常用结构 “not...until...”（直到…… 才……），如 “He didn’t go to bed until 11 o’clock.” ☆ 作介词时，后接名词或代词，如 “wait until tomorrow” 与 till 的区别：till 语气更口语化，until 可用于句首，till 通常不用于句首。 5. dead adj. 死的、去世的 相关词形变化： ☆ die：动词，意为 “死亡”，为短暂性动词，过去式 / 过去分词为 died/died ☆ dying：形容词，意为 “垂死的、即将死亡的” 用法：作表语或定语，如 “He is dead.”“a dead dog” 6. familiar adj. 熟悉的 核心短语： ☆ be familiar to sb.（为某人所熟悉），主语通常是事物，如 “This song is familiar to me.” ☆ be familiar with sth./sb.（熟悉某物 / 某人），主语通常是人，如 “I am familiar with this city.” 7. smell v. 闻起来；n. 气味 词性及用法： ☆ 作系动词时，后接形容词作表语，无被动语态，如 “The flowers smell nice.” ☆ 作实义动词时，意为 “闻、嗅”，如 “smell the soup” ☆ 作名词时，意为 “气味”，如 “a strange smell” 考点精练 一、单选题 1. She wants to ______ her best friend to her birthday party this weekend.（ ） A. invite B. borrow C. plan D. smell 2. —Can I ______ your pen for a few minutes? I left mine at home. —Sure, here you are.（ ） A. lend B. borrow C. keep D. take 3. My family ______ to visit my grandparents next Sunday. We have already booked the train tickets.（ ） A. plan B. plans C. planned D. will plan 4. They waited ______ the rain stopped before they went out.（ ） A. when B. until C. while D. as 5. The old man has been ______ for three years. His family still misses him very much.（ ） A. die B. dying C. dead D. death 6. This old town is ______ to many people because of its long history.（ ） A. familiar B. special C. boring D. ready 7. The cake in the kitchen ______ delicious. I can’t wait to taste it.（ ） A. feels B. sounds C. smells D. looks 8. —______ I use your dictionary to look up a new word? —Of course you can.（ ） A. Must B. Should C. Need D. Can 二、用词的正确形式填空 1. He ______ (invite) his classmates to his home for dinner last night. 2. You can ______ (borrow) books from the library, but you must return them on time. 3. They ______ (plan) a trip to the mountains now. They hope to have a good time there. 4. The little girl didn’t stop crying ______ (until) her mother came back. 5. The cat ______ (die) last week. We buried it in the garden. 6. My father is ______ (familiar) with computer technology. He can fix many computer problems. 7. The fish ______ (smell) terrible. Don’t eat it anymore. 8. She ______ (not finish) her homework until her father reminded her last night. 【考点二】重点句型 1. with 的复合宾语结构 含义：with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语（形容词、副词、介词短语等），在句中作定语或状语，表伴随、状态等。 用法： ☆ 作定语时，修饰前面的名词，如 “There is a house with a big garden.” ☆ 作状语时，表伴随情况，如 “He went out with his hat on.” 例句：She sat on the chair with a book in her hand.（她手里拿着一本书坐在椅子上。） · It is + 形容词 + (for sb.) to do sth. 类别：固定句型 含义：（对某人来说）做某事是…… 的 用法规则： ☆ it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式 “to do sth.” ☆ 形容词通常是描述事物性质的词，如 important、difficult、easy 等 ☆ 当强调动作的执行者时，可加上 “for sb.” 例句：It is important for us to learn English well.（对我们来说，学好英语很重要。） · 情态动词 can/could 表请求与许可 含义：can/could 用于请求对方允许做某事，could 语气更委婉、客气。 用法规则： ☆ 表请求时，句型为 “Can/Could I/you...?”，如 “Could you help me carry this box?” ☆ 表许可时，肯定回答用 “Yes, you can.”，否定回答用 “No, you can’t.”，注意 could 表请求时，回答不用 could。 例句：—Can I go out to play basketball now? —Yes, you can. But you must come back before 6 p.m. 考点精练 一、连词成句 1. a house, with, there, a small garden, is, near the park (.) 2. it, for students, to study hard, important, is (.) 3. could, you, please, me, pass the salt (?) 4. the room, she, with, the windows open, left (.) 5. it, difficult, for him, to finish the work alone, is (.) 6. can, I, use, your mobile phone, to make a call (?) 二、句型转换 1. There is a book on the desk. The book has a red cover.（合并为一句，用 with 结构） There is a book ______ ______ ______ ______ on the desk. 2. It is easy to learn this song.（改为一般疑问句） ______ ______ easy ______ ______ this song? 3. You can borrow this book from the library for two weeks.（改为否定句） You ______ ______ this book from the library for two weeks. 4. Could you please help me clean the room?（作肯定回答） ______, ______ ______. 5. It is important for us to protect the environment.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ important for us ______ ______? 【考点三】语法 1. 情态动词 can/could 的用法 表能力：can 表示现在的能力，could 表示过去的能力，如 “He can speak English. He could swim when he was five.” 表请求与许可：如 “Can I go out? Could you open the door?”，否定回答用 “can’t”，不用 “couldn’t”。 表可能性：can 用于否定句或疑问句中表 “可能”，could 可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句中表 “可能”，语气更弱，如 “This can’t be true. It could rain tomorrow.” 2. 延续性动词与短暂性动词 概念： 延续性动词：表示动作可以持续一段时间，如 keep、live、study、work 等，可与表示一段时间的状语（for + 时间段、since + 时间点）连用。 短暂性动词：表示动作瞬间完成，不能持续，如 borrow、die、buy、start 等，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用，若要与表一段时间的状语连用，需转化为对应的延续性动词。 常见转化： borrow→keep die→be dead buy→have start→be on leave→be away 例句：He borrowed the book last week.（短暂性）→He has kept the book for a week.（延续性） 考点精练 一、单选题 1. —______ you swim when you were ten years old? —Yes, I could. I learned to swim from my father.（ ） A. Can B. Could C. Must D. Should 2. This book ______ be Lucy’s. Her name is on the cover of the book.（ ） A. can B. could C. must D. can’t 3. He ______ the new bike for half a year. He likes it very much.（ ） A. bought B. has bought C. has had D. had 4. My uncle ______ in this city since 2000. He has many friends here.（ ） A. lives B. lived C. has lived D. will live 5. —______ I use your car this afternoon? I need to go to the airport. —Sorry, I can’t. I will use it too.（ ） A. Could B. Must C. Should D. Need 二、选词并用词的正确形式填空can could have buy keep be away die be dead live start Last year, my family moved to a new neighborhood. We 1. ______ here for a year now, and we love it. My father 2. ______ a new bookshelf for our living room last month. He 3. ______ it for over a month, and it’s already filled with books. Last weekend, I wanted to borrow a storybook from the community library. I asked my mom, “4. ______ I go to the library alone?” She said, “Yes, you 5. ______, but you must come back before 5 p.m.” I got the book and 6. ______ it for a week. I finished reading it yesterday and returned it on time. Yesterday evening, we heard sad news: our old neighbor’s dog 7. ______. It 8. ______ for three days. The dog was very friendly, and I 9. ______ play with it when I was little. This morning, our neighbor told us that a new pet show 10. ______ next Saturday. I hope we can go and see it together. 【语法考点四】作文 你的英国笔友 Peter 最近搬了新家，他给你发邮件分享了这件事，并询问你家的布局和你最喜欢的房间。请你根据以下要点，给 Peter 回一封邮件。 要点： 1. 简单介绍你家的布局（如客厅、卧室、厨房等的位置）； 2. 描述你最喜欢的房间（如房间颜色、里面的物品、你在房间里常做的事）； 3. 表达你对自己家的感受。 要求： 4. 文中须包含以上要点，可适当发挥； 5. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称； 6. 词数 80 左右。 Dear Peter, I’m so happy to hear that you have moved into a new house. I’d like to tell you about my house. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Ming 参考答案 第 5 页 共 10 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【考点一】重点词汇 —— 考点精练答案 一、单选题 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. D 二、用词的正确形式填空 1. invited 2. borrow 3. are planning 4. until 5. died 6. familiar 7. smells 8. didn’t finish 【考点二】重点句型 —— 考点精练答案 一、连词成句 1. There is a house with a small garden near the park. 2. It is important for students to study hard. 3. Could you please pass me the salt? 4. She left the room with the windows open. 5. It is difficult for him to finish the work alone. 6. Can I use your mobile phone to make a call? 二、句型转换 1. with a red cover 2. Is it; to learn 3. can’t borrow 4. Sure; I can / Of course; I can 5. What is; to do 【考点三】语法 —— 考点精练答案 一、单选题 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. A 二、选词并用词的正确形式填空 1. have lived 2. bought 3. has kept 4. Could 5. can 6. kept 7. died 8. has been dead 9. could 10. will start 【考点四】作文 —— 范文 Dear Peter, I’m so happy to hear that you have moved into a new house. I’d like to tell you about my house. My house has three floors. On the first floor, there is a big living room and a kitchen—my mom often cooks delicious food there. The bedrooms are on the second floor. My favorite room is my bedroom. It’s painted light blue. That makes me feel relaxed. There is a desk by the window, a bookshelf with many storybooks, and a soft bed. I usually do my homework at the desk and read books before bed. I love my home because it’s warm and full of love. Every evening, my family and I sit in the living room and talk about our day. It’s the most comfortable place for me. Yours, Li Ming 【详解】 [总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文（电子邮件）； ②时态：主要为 “一般现在时”，描述日常活动和客观情况； ③提示：覆盖 “家庭布局、最喜欢的房间、对家的感受” 三大要点，补充 “家人日常互动” 细节，丰富内容。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开头承接 Peter 的邮件，自然引出对自家的介绍； 第二步，分层次说明家庭布局（楼层功能分区），重点描述最喜欢的卧室（颜色、物品、日常活动）； 第三步，表达对家的感受，结合 “家人互动” 突出 “温暖有爱” 的核心，升华主题。 [亮点词汇] ①painted light blue（刷成浅蓝色） ②feel relaxed（感到放松） ③full of love（充满爱） ④comfortable（舒适的） [高分句型] 1. My house has three floors. On the first floor, there is a big living room and a kitchen—my mom often cooks delicious food there.（用破折号补充厨房的功能，逻辑连贯，信息完整） 2. I love my home because it’s warm and full of love.（用 because 引导原因状语从句，直接表达对家的情感，语气真挚） $