内容正文:
外研版七下 Unit 2 Go for it.同步词汇笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
单词速记方法
例句
1
last but not least /lɑːst bʌt nɒt liːst/ 短语:最后但同样重要的(一点)p.20
无(短语,无词形变化,用于列举收尾)
无
1. 用法:列举观点/事物时,用于最后一项表“虽在后但重要”2. 位置:句首或句中,单独作插入语
拆分记忆:last(最后)+but not least(非最不重要)→ 最后仍重要
1. Last but not least, we should thank our parents for their support.(最后但同样重要的是,我们要感谢父母的支持。)2. We need to buy books, pens, and last but not least, a schoolbag.(我们需要买课本、笔,最后但同样重要的是,一个书包。)
2
marathon /ˈmærəθən/ n. 马拉松赛跑(约42千米)p.20
复数:marathons
无
1. 动词搭配:run a marathon(跑马拉松)2. 名词搭配:a marathon race(马拉松比赛)
划音节记忆:ma-ra-thon /ˈmær-ə-θən/,结合“马拉松”音译
1. His father ran a full marathon last year and finished in 4 hours.(他爸爸去年跑了全程马拉松,4小时完赛。)2. There will be a city marathon next month—many runners will join.(下个月有一场城市马拉松,很多跑者会参加。)
3
however /haʊˈevə/ adv. 然而 p.20
无(副词,无词形变化,不与but连用)
无
1. 位置:句首(后接逗号)/句中(前后逗号)2. 含义:表转折,语气弱于but
划音节记忆:how-ev-er /haʊ-ˈev-ə/,联想“但是换种说”
1. The weather was bad. However, we still went hiking.(天气不好,然而我们还是去徒步了。)2. He is rich; however, he lives a simple life.(他很有钱,却过着简朴的生活。)
4
still /stɪl/ adv. 还,仍然 p.20
无(副词,无词形变化)
无
1. 位置:be动词后、实义动词前(如 He is still here. / He still works.)2. 含义:表“状态持续未变”
谐音+联想:“斯蒂尔”→ 像钢铁一样“一直”不变
1. It’s 10 PM, but my brother is still doing his homework.(已经晚上10点了,我弟弟还在做作业。)2. The old tree is still standing after the storm.(暴风雨后,这棵老树依然挺立。)
5
metre /ˈmiːtə/ n. (缩写m)米,公尺 p.20
复数:metres
无
1. 数量搭配:a metre(一米);two metres(两米)2. 复合形容词:a two-metre rope(两米长的绳子)
谐音记忆:“米特”→ 直接对应“米”,加-e变复数
1. This desk is about one metre wide.(这张桌子约一米宽。)2. We need a three-metre cloth to make the curtain.(我们需要一块三米长的布做窗帘。)
6
line /laɪn/ n. 线 p.20
复数:lines
无
1. 实物线:a straight line(直线);a line on paper(纸上的线)2. 抽象线:wait in line(排队)
联想记忆:“线”像“莱恩”的拼音首字母“L”,笔直细长
1. The teacher asked us to draw a straight line with a ruler.(老师让我们用尺子画一条直线。)2. Please wait in line for the bus—don’t push.(请排队等公交,别挤。)
7
breath /breθ/ n. 呼出的气;吸入的气 p.20
不可数(泛指);可数(一次呼吸:a breath)
breathe /briːð/ v. 呼吸
1. 固定搭配:hold your breath(屏住呼吸)2. 常用搭配:take a deep breath(深呼吸)
派生记忆:breath(n.)去-e加-e变breathe(v.),“气”要“呼吸”
1. The audience held their breath while watching the tightrope walker.(观众看走钢丝时都屏住了呼吸。)派生词例句:We need to breathe fresh air every morning.(我们每天早上都需要呼吸新鲜空气。)
8
hold your breath /həʊld jɔː(r) breθ/ 短语:屏住呼吸;屏息静气p.20
无(短语,无词形变化)
无
1. 用法:描述“暂时停止呼吸”的动作2. 场景:搭配while引导的场景(如 hold your breath while diving)
动作联想:“hold(握住)+breath(呼吸)”→ 像“握住气”不吐
1. Hold your breath and dive into the water—it’s fun!(屏住呼吸潜入水里,很好玩!)2. She held her breath when she heard someone walking outside.(听到门外有人走路,她屏住了呼吸。)
9
would /wʊd/ v. 会 p.20
无(情态动词,无词形变化,后接动词原形)
无
1. 表过去将来:He said he would come.(他说他会来。)2. 表委婉请求:Would you help me?(你愿意帮我吗?)
语气联想:“乌德”→ 温和的“会”,不像will那么直接
1. My grandma would tell me stories every night when I was little.(我小时候,奶奶每晚都会给我讲故事。)2. Would you like a cup of tea?(你想来杯茶吗?)
10
confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ adj. 有信心的,自信的 p.20
比较级:more confident;最高级:most confident
confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ n. 信心
1. 固定搭配:be confident in sb./sth.(对某人/某物有信心)2. 常用搭配:be confident to do sth.(有信心做某事)
派生记忆:confident(adj.)去-t加-ce变confidence(n.),“自信”是种“信心”
1. She is confident in her ability to win the speech competition.(她对自己赢得演讲比赛有信心。)派生词例句:His encouragement gave me more confidence to speak in public.(他的鼓励让我更有信心在公众面前发言。)
11
stomachache /ˈstʌmək-eɪk/ n. 胃痛;肚子痛 p.20
复数:stomachaches
无
唯一固定搭配:have a stomachache(胃痛/肚子痛)2. 场景:接原因(如 have a stomachache from eating too much)
合成记忆:stomach(胃)+ache(疼痛)→ 胃“疼”就是胃痛
1. He had a stomachache after eating three ice creams.(吃了三个冰淇淋后,他肚子痛了。)2. If you have a stomachache, you should lie down and rest.(如果胃痛,你应该躺下休息。)
12
shall /ʃəl/ v. 要不要……? p.20
无(情态动词,无词形变化,仅用于第一人称I/we)
无
1. 表建议:Shall we + 动词原形?(我们……好吗?)2. 表主动帮忙:Shall I + 动词原形?(我……好吗?)
语气联想:“肖尔”→ 轻快的“要不要”,适合提建议
1. Shall we go to the cinema this weekend?(我们这周末去看电影好吗?)2. Shall I carry your bag for you? It looks heavy.(我帮你提包好吗?看起来很重。)
13
either /ˈaɪðə/ pron. (两者中的)任何一个 p.20
无(不定代词,视为单数)
无
1. 表选择:either...or...(要么……要么……,就近原则)2. 表否定:用于否定句末(=too,如 I don’t like it either)
联想记忆:“either”和“two”都有“两”,“要么选一个”
1. Either you or your sister can take this book—it’s yours.(要么你要么你姐姐拿这本书,归你们了。)2. He doesn’t like coffee, and I don’t either.(他不喜欢咖啡,我也不喜欢。)
14
choice /tʃɔɪs/ n. 选择;选择权 p.20
复数:choices
choose /tʃuːz/ v. 选择(过去式:chose;过去分词:chosen)
1. 固定搭配:make a choice(做选择)2. 常用搭配:have no choice(别无选择)
派生记忆:choice(n.)去-ce变choose(v.),“选择”是“做选择”的动作
1. It’s hard to make a choice between the red dress and the blue one.(在红裙子和蓝裙子之间做选择很难。)派生词例句:She chose to study math because she likes numbers.(她选择学数学,因为喜欢数字。)
15
seem /siːm/ v. 看来,似乎,好像 p.20
三单:seems;过去式/过去分词:seemed
无
1. 常用结构:seem + adj.(似乎……,如 He seems happy.)2. 常用结构:seem to do sth.(似乎做某事,如 She seems to know.)
联想记忆:“seem”像“see(看)+m”,“看起来”像某事
1. The movie seems interesting—let’s watch it together.(这部电影似乎很有趣,我们一起看吧。)2. He seems to have forgotten our appointment—he hasn’t come yet.(他似乎忘了我们的约定,还没来。)
16
someone /ˈsʌmwʌn/ pron. 某人,有人 p.20
无(不定代词,视为单数,用于肯定句;否定句用 anyone)
无
1. 指代未知的人:Someone is knocking at the door.(有人在敲门。)2. 表“某个人”:I saw someone I know in the park.(我在公园看到一个认识的人。)
合成记忆:some(某个)+one(人)→ 某个“人”就是某人
1. Someone left an umbrella in the classroom—whose is it?(有人把伞落在教室了,是谁的?)2. Can someone help me move this desk? It’s too heavy.(有人能帮我搬这张桌子吗?太重了。)
17
neither /ˈnaɪðə/ pron. 两者都不(的)p.20
无(不定代词,视为单数,用于两者否定)
无
1. 表否定选择:neither...nor...(既不……也不……,就近原则)2. 表全部否定:neither of(两者中没有一个)
联想记忆:“neither”比“either”多“n”(not),“两者都不”
1. Neither my dad nor my mom likes spicy food—we eat mild dishes at home.(我爸妈都不喜欢辣的,我们家吃清淡的菜。)2. Neither of the two pens works—I need to buy a new one.(两支笔都坏了,我得买支新的。)
18
cheer /tʃɪə/ v. (为……)欢呼,喝彩;加油 p.20
三单:cheers;过去式/过去分词:cheered
cheerful /ˈtʃɪəfl/ adj. 愉快的
1. 固定搭配:cheer for sb./sth.(为某人/某物加油)2. 常用搭配:cheer sb. up(使某人振作)
派生记忆:cheer(v.)加-ful变cheerful(adj.),“欢呼”的人很“愉快”
1. All the students cheered for their class when they won the game.(班级赢了比赛时,所有学生都为之欢呼。)派生词例句:She has a cheerful smile that makes everyone happy.(她有个让人开心的愉快笑容。)
19
cross /krɒs/ v. 穿过,越过(终点线、路等)p.20
三单:crosses;过去式/过去分词:crossed;形容词:cross adj. 生气的
crossing /ˈkrɒsɪŋ/ n. 十字路口
1. 常用搭配:cross the road(过马路,+at the crossing)2. 场景搭配:cross the finish line(冲过终点线)
派生记忆:cross(v.)加-ing变crossing(n.),“穿过”的地方是“路口”
1. Always look left and right before you cross the road.(过马路前一定要左右看。)派生词例句:Turn right at the next crossing, and you’ll see the park.(在下个十字路口右转,就能看到公园。)
20
lifelong /ˈlaɪflɒŋ/ adj. 终身的,毕生的 p.20
无(形容词,无比较级,合成词)
无
1. 搭配梦想:lifelong dream(终身梦想,如 a lifelong dream of being a doctor)2. 搭配关系:lifelong friend(终身朋友)
合成记忆:life(生命)+long(长的)→ “生命长”的就是终身
1. Traveling around the world is his lifelong dream.(环游世界是他的终身梦想。)2. They have been lifelong friends since primary school.(他们从小学就是终身挚友。)
21
dream /driːm/ n. 梦想,愿望,理想 p.20
复数:dreams;动词:dream v. 做梦/梦想(三单:dreams;过去式:dreamed/dreamt)
无
1. 名词搭配:realize one’s dream(实现梦想)2. 动词搭配:dream of doing sth.(梦想做某事)
联想记忆:“dream”发音像“追梦”,“梦想”就是要“追梦”
1. Her dream is to open a small bookstore in her hometown.(她的梦想是在家乡开一家小书店。)动词例句:I often dream of flying like a bird.(我经常梦想像鸟一样飞。)
22
past /pɑːst/ adv. 经过 p.20
无(副词,无词形变化;也可作介词“过(时间)”)
无
1. 动词搭配:walk past(走过,如 walk past the shop)2. 动词搭配:go past(经过,如 go past the school)
联想记忆:“past”和“pass(经过)”发音像,“经过”就是past
1. He walked past my house without stopping—maybe he was in a hurry.(他走过我家没停,可能很着急。)2. The train went past the village quickly.(火车快速经过这个小村庄。)
23
record /ˈrekɔːd/ n. 记录,记载 p.21
复数:records;动词:record /rɪˈkɔːd/ v. 记录/录制(三单:records)
无
1. 固定搭配:break a record(打破记录,如 break a world record)2. 常用搭配:keep a record(保持记录)
发音联想:n. /ˈrekɔːd/(记录),v. /rɪˈkɔːd/(录),“记录”要“录制”
1. He broke the school record for the 100-meter race.(他打破了学校100米赛跑记录。)动词例句:She recorded the concert to watch it again later.(她录下了演唱会,方便以后再看。)
24
none /nʌn/ pron. 全无,没有一点 p.21
无(不定代词,视为单/复数,用于三者及以上否定)
无
1. 搭配范围:none of + 复数名词(……中没有一个)2. 回答问题:用于回答 how many/much(一个也没有)
联想记忆:“none”比“no”多“ne”,“完全没有”比“没有”更彻底
1. None of the students in my class has been to the North Pole.(我们班没有一个学生去过北极。)2. —How many apples are left? —None.(—还剩几个苹果?—一个也没有了。)
25
member /ˈmembə/ n. 成员 p.21
复数:members
无
1. 固定搭配:a member of(……的成员,如 a member of the club)2. 场景搭配:team members(团队成员)
联想记忆:“member”和“team(团队)”常一起,“团队里的人”是成员
1. She is a new member of the school music club—she plays the piano.(她是学校音乐俱乐部的新成员,会弹钢琴。)2. All team members worked hard to finish the project on time.(所有团队成员都努力按时完成了项目。)
26
moment /ˈməʊmənt/ n. 某一时刻 p.21
复数:moments
无
1. 固定搭配:at the moment(此刻,现在,如 I’m busy at the moment)2. 常用搭配:for a moment(一会儿,如 wait for a moment)
联想记忆:“moment”发音像“某门特”,“某个特别的时刻”
1. At the moment, my sister is practicing the guitar in her room.(此刻,我妹妹正在房间里练吉他。)2. Can you wait for a moment? I need to get my bag.(你能等一会儿吗?我要拿我的包。)
27
if /ɪf/ conj. 假若,要是,如果 p.21
无(连词,无词形变化,引导条件状语从句)
无
1. 真实条件句:If + 一般现在时,主句用 will+动词原形(如 If it rains, we will stay home.)2. 虚拟语气:If I were you...(如果我是你……,用于假设)
联想记忆:“if”像“假如”的首字母“J”倒过来,“假如”就是if
1. If you study hard, you will pass the exam.(如果你努力学习,就会通过考试。)2. If I were you, I would apologize to her.(如果我是你,我会向她道歉。)
28
possible /ˈpɒsəbl/ adj. 可能的,可实现的 p.21
比较级:more possible;最高级:most possible
possibly /ˈpɒsəbli/ adv. 可能地
1. 固定结构:it’s possible to do sth.(做某事是可能的)2. 常用搭配:as soon as possible(尽快,如 come as soon as possible)
派生记忆:possible(adj.)去-e加-ly变possibly(adv.),“可能的”是“可能地”状态
1. It’s possible to learn English well if you practice every day.(如果你每天练习,学好英语是可能的。)派生词例句:We can possibly meet next Monday—let’s confirm later.(我们下周一可能能见面,稍后确认。)
29
purpose /ˈpɜːpəs/ n. 目的,意图 p.22
复数:purposes
无
1. 固定搭配:on purpose(故意地,如 do sth. on purpose)2. 常用搭配:for the purpose of(为了……目的)
联想记忆:“purpose”和“aim(目标)”近义,“目的”就是“目标”
1. Did you break the cup by accident, or on purpose?(你是不小心打碎杯子,还是故意的?)2. He came to this city for the purpose of finding a better job.(他来这座城市是为了找一份更好的工作。)
30
raise /reɪz/ v. 筹集;募捐 p.22
三单:raises;过去式/过去分词:raised;也可表“举起”
无
1. 场景搭配:raise money(筹款,如 raise money for charity)2. 动作搭配:raise one’s hand(举手,如 raise one’s hand to ask a question)
联想记忆:“raise”像“raise up(举起)”,“筹款”要“举起”钱
1. The students held a bake sale to raise money for the poor children.(学生们举办烘焙义卖,为贫困儿童筹款。)2. She raised her hand to answer the teacher’s question.(她举手回答老师的问题。)
31
charity /ˈtʃærəti/ n. 慈善事业 p.22
复数:charities
无
1. 常用搭配:charity work(慈善工作,如 do charity work)2. 场景搭配:a charity organization(慈善组织)
联想记忆:“charity”发音像“查瑞提”,“慈善”就是帮助人
1. Many people volunteer to do charity work during holidays.(很多人假期自愿做慈善工作。)2. This charity organization helps homeless people find shelter.(这个慈善组织帮助无家可归者找到住处。)
32
encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ v. 鼓励,激励 p.22
三单:encourages;过去式/过去分词:encouraged
encouragement /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒmənt/ n. 鼓励
1. 固定搭配:encourage sb. to do sth.(鼓励某人做某事)2. 被动搭配:be encouraged by(被……鼓励)
派生记忆:encourage(v.)去-e加-ment变encouragement(n.),“鼓励”是种“激励”
1. My teacher encouraged me to join the debate team—I did and won a prize.(老师鼓励我加入辩论队,我加入了还拿了奖。)派生词例句:His encouragement made me more confident to speak in public.(他的鼓励让我更有信心在公众面前发言。)
33
teach /tiːtʃ/ v. 教 p.22
三单:teaches;过去式/过去分词:taught(不规则)
teacher /ˈtiːtʃə(r)/ n. 教师
1. 双宾语结构:teach sb. sth.(教某人某事,如 teach me English)2. 不定式结构:teach sb. to do sth.(教某人做某事)
派生记忆:teach(v.)加-er变teacher(n.),“教”的人是“老师”
1. My mom taught me how to cook when I was 10 years old.(我10岁时,妈妈教我做饭。)派生词例句:Mr. Li is my favorite teacher—he makes math fun.(李老师是我最喜欢的老师,他让数学变得有趣。)
34
note /nəʊt/ n. 笔记 p.22
复数:notes;也可表“便条”
无
1. 固定搭配:take notes(记笔记,如 take notes in class)2. 场景搭配:leave a note(留便条,如 leave a note for sb.)
联想记忆:“note”像“notebook(笔记本)”的缩写,“笔记”记在笔记本上
1. You should take notes carefully in class so you can review later.(上课要认真记笔记,方便以后复习。)2. I left a note for my dad telling him I’d be home late.(我给爸爸留了便条,说我会晚点回家。)
35
during /ˈdjʊərɪŋ/ prep. 在……期间 p.22
无(介词,无词形变化,后接名词/名词短语)
无
1. 搭配时间段:during + 名词(如 during the holiday / during class)2. 搭配事件:during + 事件(如 during the meeting)
联想记忆:“during”和“time(时间)”相关,“在时间期间”就是during
1. During the summer vacation, I visited my grandparents in the countryside.(暑假期间,我去乡下看望了爷爷奶奶。)2. Please don’t talk during the class—listen to the teacher.(上课期间别说话,认真听老师讲。)
36
consider /kənˈsɪdə/ v. 考虑,细想 p.22
三单:considers;过去式/过去分词:considered
无
1. 固定搭配:consider doing sth.(考虑做某事,如 consider moving to Beijing)2. 常用结构:consider sb. to be(认为某人是)
联想记忆:“consider”像“think carefully(仔细想)”,“考虑”就是仔细想
1. We are considering buying a new car because our old one is broken.(我们在考虑买辆新车,因为旧车坏了。)2. Most people consider her to be one of the best singers in the country.(大多数人认为她是全国最好的歌手之一。)
37
both /bəʊθ/ pron. 两者,双方,两个都 p.23
无(代词,视为复数,后接复数谓语)
无
1. 固定搭配:both...and...(两者都……,连接并列成分,谓语用复数)2. 常用搭配:both of(两者都,如 both of us)
联想记忆:“both”和“two(两个)”对应,“两个都”就是both
1. Both my brother and I like playing basketball—we play every weekend.(我和哥哥都喜欢打篮球,我们每周都打。)2. Both of these books are interesting—I can’t decide which to read first.(这两本书都很有趣,我决定不了先读哪本。)
38
sink /sɪŋk/ v. 下沉,沉没 p.23
三单:sinks;过去式:sank;过去分词:sunk(不规则)
无
1. 场景搭配:sink in water(在水中下沉,如 Stones sink in water.)2. 状态搭配:sink slowly(慢慢下沉,如 The ship sank slowly.)
联想记忆:“sink”像“down(向下)”,“下沉”就是向下沉
1. If you put a coin in a glass of water, it will sink to the bottom.(把硬币放进水杯,它会沉到杯底。)2. The old ship sank in the storm last night.(这艘旧船昨晚在暴风雨中沉没了。)
39
sink or swim /sɪŋk ɔː(r) swɪm/ 短语:自生自灭,成败全靠自己p.23
无(短语,无词形变化,表“无人帮助”)
无
1. 用法:描述“没有外界帮助,只能靠自己成功/失败”2. 场景:用于学习、工作等处境
动作联想:“sink(沉)”或“swim(游)”→ 要么自己游,要么沉,全靠自己
1. When he went to college, his parents told him it was sink or swim—he had to manage alone.(上大学时,父母告诉他要自生自灭,他得自己照顾自己。)2. The new job is challenging—it’s sink or swim, but I’m ready.(新工作很有挑战性,成败全靠自己,但我准备好了。)
40
as /æz/ prep. 在某一年龄段时 p.23
无(介词,无词形变化;也可作连词“当……时”)
无
固定搭配:as + 数字 + years old(在……岁时,如 as 5 years old)2. 简略表达:as 5(在5岁时)
联想记忆:“as”像“age(年龄)”的首字母,“在年龄时”就是as
1. As 8 years old, she started learning to play the violin.(在8岁时,她开始学拉小提琴。)2. He began to help his family with work as 10—he was very responsible.(他10岁时就开始帮家里干活,很有责任心。)
41
surfer /ˈsɜːfə/ n. 冲浪者 p.23
复数:surfers
surf /sɜːf/ v. 冲浪(三单:surfs)
1. 场景搭配:a professional surfer(专业冲浪者)2. 地域搭配:a surfer from Hawaii(来自夏威夷的冲浪者)
派生记忆:surf(v.)加-er变surfer(n.),“冲浪”的人是冲浪者
1. He is a famous surfer—he has won many international competitions.(他是著名的冲浪者,赢得过很多国际比赛。)派生词例句:We often go to the beach to surf on weekends.(我们周末常去海边冲浪。)
42
shark /ʃɑːk/ n. 鲨(鱼)p.23
复数:sharks
无
1. 数量搭配:a big shark(一条大鲨鱼)2. 场景搭配:shark attack(鲨鱼袭击,如 a shark attack on a swimmer)
联想记忆:“shark”发音像“沙克”,“鲨鱼”在沙滩附近的海里
1. You need to be careful in this sea—there are sharks in the area.(在这片海要小心,这一带有鲨鱼。)2. The news reported a shark attack on a swimmer last week.(新闻报道上周有一名游泳者遭鲨鱼袭击。)
43
attack /əˈtæk/ v. 袭击,殴打;破坏 p.23
三单:attacks;过去式/过去分词:attacked;名词:attack n. 袭击
无
1. 动作搭配:attack sb./sth.(袭击某人/某物,如 The dog attacked the boy.)2. 抽象搭配:attack a problem(解决问题,如 attack the problem with courage)
联想记忆:“attack”像“act(动作)+tack”,“袭击”是激烈的动作
1. A wild animal attacked a farmer in the forest yesterday.(昨天一只野生动物在森林里袭击了一位农民。)名词例句:The doctor said his heart attack was caused by overwork.(医生说他的心脏病发作是过度劳累引起的。)
44
nearly /ˈnɪəli/ adv. 几乎,差不多,将近 p.23
无(副词,无词形变化)
无
1. 搭配数词:nearly + 数字(如 nearly 100 people 几乎100人)2. 搭配状态:nearly done(快完成了,如 The work is nearly done.)
联想记忆:“nearly”和“almost(几乎)”近义,“差不多”就是nearly
1. Nearly 200 students took part in the school sports meet.(将近200名学生参加了学校运动会。)2. Dinner is nearly ready—wash your hands and come to eat.(晚饭快好了,洗手来吃吧。)
45
die /daɪ/ v. 死去,死亡 p.23
三单:dies;过去式:died;过去分词:died;现在分词:dying
death /deθ/ n. 死亡;dead /ded/ adj. 死亡的
1. 死因搭配:die of(死于疾病,如 die of cancer)2. 死因搭配:die from(死于意外,如 die from an accident)
派生记忆:die(v.)变death(n.)/dead(adj.),“死亡”是“死”的名词/形容词
1. His grandfather died of a heart illness last year.(他爷爷去年死于心脏病。)派生词例句:The death of his pet dog made him very sad.(他宠物狗的死让他很伤心。)
46
surf /sɜːf/ v. 冲(浪)p.23
三单:surfs;过去式/过去分词:surfed
surfer /ˈsɜːfə/ n. 冲浪者
1. 场景搭配:surf in the sea(在海里冲浪,如 surf in Hawaii)2. 口语搭配:surf the Internet(上网)
联想记忆:“surf”像“sea(海)+urf”,“冲浪”在海里
1. They go to the coast every summer to surf—they love the feeling of the waves.(他们每年夏天都去海边冲浪,喜欢海浪的感觉。)2. My mom doesn’t let me surf the Internet for too long—it’s bad for my eyes.(妈妈不让我上网太久,对眼睛不好。)
47
competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃən/ n. 比赛 p.23
复数:competitions
compete /kəmˈpiːt/ v. 比赛(三单:competes)
1. 动作搭配:enter a competition(参加比赛,如 enter a singing competition)2. 结果搭配:win a competition(赢得比赛)
派生记忆:competition(n.)去-ion变compete(v.),“比赛”是“参赛”的活动
1. She entered a national dance competition and won second place.(她参加了全国舞蹈比赛,获得第二名。)派生词例句:Many athletes come to compete in this international game.(很多运动员来参加这场国际比赛。)
48
compare /kəmˈpeə/ v. 相比较;可媲美 p.23
三单:compares;过去式/过去分词:compared
comparison /kəmˈpærɪsn/ n. 比较
1. 对比搭配:compare A with B(把A和B比较)2. 比喻搭配:compare A to B(把A比作B)
联想记忆:“compare”和“pair(一对)”相关,“比较一对事物”
1. Teachers often compare students’ exam results to see their progress.(老师常比较学生的考试成绩,看他们的进步。)派生词例句:There is no comparison between the two cars—this one is much better.(这两辆车没有可比性,这辆好得多。)
49
achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ n. 成绩;成就 p.23
复数:achievements
achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v. 实现(三单:achieves)
1. 程度搭配:a great achievement(伟大的成就,如 a great scientific achievement)2. 领域搭配:academic achievements(学业成绩)
派生记忆:achievement(n.)去-ment变achieve(v.),“成就”是“实现”的结果
1. Landing on the moon was one of the greatest achievements of human beings.(登月是人类最伟大的成就之一。)派生词例句:She worked hard to achieve her goal of becoming a doctor.(她努力实现当医生的目标。)
50
surfboard /ˈsɜːfbɔːd/ n. 冲浪板 p.23
复数:surfboards
无
合成词:surf(冲浪)+board(板)2. 动作搭配:ride a surfboard(冲浪)
合成记忆:“冲浪用的板”就是冲浪板,简单好记
1. He bought a new surfboard last month—it’s lighter and easier to use.(他上个月买了一块新冲浪板,更轻更好用。)2. You need to learn how to balance on a surfboard before you can surf.(冲浪前,你要先学会在冲浪板上保持平衡。)
51
ride /raɪd/ v. 漂浮;骑(车/马)p.23
三单:rides;过去式:rode;过去分词:ridden(不规则)
无
1. 冲浪搭配:ride the waves(冲浪,如 ride the waves on a surfboard)2. 日常搭配:ride a bike(骑自行车)
联想记忆:“ride”既可以“骑车”,也可以“骑浪”(漂浮)
1. He is very good at riding the waves—he can do many tricks.(他很擅长冲浪,会很多技巧。)2. I ride my bike to school every day—it’s good exercise.(我每天骑自行车上学,是很好的锻炼。)
52
lover /ˈlʌvə/ n. 爱好者 p.24
复数:lovers;也可表“恋人”
love /lʌv/ v. 喜爱(三单:loves)
1. 领域搭配:a lover of + 事物(如 a lover of music / art)2. 群体搭配:book lovers(书籍爱好者)
派生记忆:love(v.)加-er变lover(n.),“喜爱某物的人”是爱好者
1. He is a lover of classical music—he collects many CDs of Beethoven.(他是古典音乐爱好者,收藏了很多贝多芬的CD。)派生词例句:I love reading—books are my best friends.(我喜欢阅读,书是我最好的朋友。)
53
gold /ɡəʊld/ adj. 金质的 p.25
无(形容词,无比较级;也可作名词“黄金”)
无
1. 固定搭配:gold medal(金牌,如 win a gold medal)2. 物品搭配:gold watch(金表)
联想记忆:“gold”就是“黄金”的颜色,“金质的”就是金色
1. She won a gold medal in the Olympic Games—she was very proud.(她在奥运会上赢得了金牌,非常自豪。)2. My grandfather has a gold watch that he got when he retired.(爷爷有一块退休时得到的金表。)
54
medal /ˈmedl/ n. 奖牌;勋章 p.25
复数:medals
无
1. 材质搭配:gold/silver/bronze medal(金/银/铜牌)2. 动作搭配:award sb. a medal(给某人颁奖)
联想记忆:“medal”像“metal(金属)”,“奖牌”是金属做的
1. The young athlete won his first medal in this competition.(这位年轻运动员在这场比赛中赢得了第一块奖牌。)2. The government awarded her a medal for her service to the country.(政府为她对国家的贡献授予她勋章。)
55
fit /fɪt/ adj. 健壮的,健康的 p.27
比较级:fitter;最高级:fittest;动词:fit v. 适合(三单:fits)
无
1. 状态搭配:keep fit(保持健康,如 keep fit by exercising)2. 适配搭配:be fit for(适合……,如 be fit for the job)
联想记忆:“fit”像“fine(好的)”,“健康的”就是身体好
1. He exercises every morning to keep fit—he looks very strong.(他每天早上锻炼保持健康,看起来很强壮。)动词例句:This dress doesn’t fit me anymore—I need a bigger size.(这条裙子我穿不下了,需要大一号的。)
56
final /ˈfaɪnl/ n. 决赛 p.28
复数:finals;形容词:final adj. 最后的(如 final exam 期末考试)
无
1. 赛事搭配:the final(决赛,如 enter the final)2. 具体搭配:the World Cup final(世界杯决赛)
联想记忆:“final”是“finally(最后)”的形容词,“决赛”是最后一场比赛
1. Our team beat three strong teams to enter the final.(我们队击败了三支强队,进入了决赛。)2. The final of the singing competition will be held next Sunday.(歌唱比赛的决赛将在下周日举行。)
57
team /tiːm/ n. (游戏/体育比赛的)队 p.28
复数:teams
teamwork /ˈtiːmwɜːk/ n. 团队合作
1. 项目搭配:a football/basketball team(足球/篮球队)2. 成员搭配:team members(团队成员)
派生记忆:team(n.)加-work变teamwork(n.),“团队”需要“合作”
1. He is the captain of our school football team—he leads us well.(他是我们学校足球队的队长,领导得很好。)派生词例句:Good teamwork is important if we want to win the game.(如果想赢比赛,良好的团队合作很重要。)
58
even /ˈiːvn/ adv. 甚至 p.28
无(副词,无词形变化)
无
1. 修饰比较级:even + 比较级(如 even taller 甚至更高)2. 让步语气:even though(尽管,如 even though it’s cold)
联想记忆:“even”像“more(更)”,“甚至更……”加强语气
1. He is even better at English than his teacher—everyone is surprised.(他英语甚至比老师还好,所有人都很惊讶。)2. Even though it rained heavily, we still went to the park.(尽管雨下得很大,我们还是去了公园。)
59
worse /wɜːs/ adv. (badly 的比较级)更严重地;更厉害地p.28
无(副词,最高级:worst)
无
1. 渐变搭配:worse and worse(越来越糟,如 The situation is getting worse and worse.)2. 递进语气:even worse(更糟的是)
联想记忆:“worse”是“bad(坏)”的比较级,“更坏”就是更糟
1. His health is getting worse and worse—he needs to see a doctor.(他的健康越来越糟,需要去看医生。)2. I missed the bus, and even worse, it started to rain.(我没赶上公交,更糟的是,开始下雨了。)
60
pay attention /peɪ əˈtenʃn/ 短语:认真看,仔细听,用心思考p.28
无(短语,无词形变化,必接to)
无
1. 固定搭配:pay attention to sb./sth.(注意某人/某物,to后接名词/doing)2. 程度搭配:pay more attention(更注意)
动作联想:“pay(付出)+attention(注意力)”→ 用心付出注意力
1. Please pay attention to the teacher—she is explaining an important rule.(请认真听老师讲,她在解释一条重要的规则。)2. You need to pay more attention to your spelling—there are many mistakes.(你要更注意你的拼写,有很多错误。)
61
continue /kənˈtɪnjuː/ v. (使)继续;(使)延续 p.28
三单:continues;过去式/过去分词:continued
无
1. 动作搭配:continue to do sth.(继续做某事,如 continue to work)2. 动作搭配:continue doing sth.(继续做某事,如 continue reading)
联想记忆:“continue”像“go on(继续)”,“不停止”就是继续
1. After a short break, we continued to climb the mountain.(短暂休息后,我们继续爬山。)2. He continued reading the book even though it was late.(尽管很晚了,他还是继续读那本书。)
62
brave /breɪv/ adj. 勇敢的,无畏的 p.28
比较级:braver;最高级:bravest
bravery /ˈbreɪvəri/ n. 勇敢
1. 人物搭配:a brave boy/girl(勇敢的男孩/女孩)2. 动作搭配:be brave to do sth.(勇敢做某事)
派生记忆:brave(adj.)加-ry变bravery(n.),“勇敢的”是“勇敢”的品质
1. The brave firefighter rushed into the burning house to save the child.(勇敢的消防员冲进着火的房子救孩子。)派生词例句:Her bravery in facing the difficulty inspired everyone.(她面对困难的勇敢鼓舞了所有人。)
63
action /ˈækʃən/ n. 行为 p.28
复数:actions
无
1. 动作搭配:take action(采取行动,如 take action to protect the environment)2. 性质搭配:a kind/bad action(善良/恶劣的行为)
联想记忆:“action”像“act(行动)”,“行为”就是行动的结果
1. We must take action now to stop the spread of the disease.(我们现在必须采取行动阻止疾病传播。)2. His action of giving his seat to the old man was praised by everyone.(他给老人让座的行为受到了所有人的表扬。)
64
fight /faɪt/ v. 努力争取,为(……)斗争 p.28
三单:fights;过去式/过去分词:fought(不规则)
无
1. 目标搭配:fight for(为……斗争,如 fight for freedom)2. 对抗搭配:fight against(对抗……,如 fight against poverty)
联想记忆:“fight”像“struggle(斗争)”,“努力争取”就是斗争
1. Many people fought for equal rights for women in history.(历史上很多人为女性平等权利而斗争。)2. We need to fight against pollution to make the earth cleaner.(我们要对抗污染,让地球更干净。)
65
score /skɔː/ v. (在运动、比赛或考试中)得(分)p.28
三单:scores;过去式/过去分词:scored
无
1. 运动搭配:score a goal(进球得分,如 score a goal in the football match)2. 考试搭配:score + 分数(如 score 90 points in the exam)
联想记忆:“score”像“point(分数)”,“得分”就是得分数
1. He scored a wonderful goal in the last minute of the match—we won!(他在比赛最后一分钟进了一个精彩的球,我们赢了!)2. She scored 95 points in the math exam—she is very happy.(她数学考试得95分,非常开心。)
66
goal /ɡəʊl/ n. 进球;进球得分 p.28
复数:goals;也可表“目标”(如 achieve a goal 实现目标)
无
1. 运动搭配:score a goal(进球得分,如 He scored two goals in the game.)2. 人生搭配:set a goal(设定目标,如 set a goal to study hard)
联想记忆:“goal”像“target(目标)”,“进球”是比赛目标
1. The team worked hard, but they couldn’t score a goal—they lost the game.(球队很努力,但没能进球,输了比赛。)2. My goal for this year is to learn to play the piano.(我今年的目标是学会弹钢琴。)
67
victory /ˈvɪktəri/ n. 胜利,成功,赢 p.28
复数:victories
无
1. 赛事搭配:win a victory(赢得胜利,如 win an important victory)2. 庆祝搭配:celebrate a victory(庆祝胜利,如 celebrate the victory with friends)
联想记忆:“victory”像“win(赢)”,“胜利”就是赢
1. This victory is very important for our team—it helps us enter the final.(这场胜利对我们队很重要,帮助我们进入了决赛。)2. The whole country celebrated the victory of the war.(全国人民庆祝战争的胜利。)
68
lead /liːd/ v. 带路,领路;引领 p.28
三单:leads;过去式:led;过去分词:led(不规则)
leader /ˈliːdə(r)/ n. 领导者
1. 动作搭配:lead the way(带路,如 lead the way to the park)2. 团队搭配:lead a team(带领团队,如 lead a team to success)
派生记忆:lead(v.)加-er变leader(n.),“带领”的人是领导者
1. The guide led the way through the forest—we followed closely.(导游带路穿过森林,我们紧紧跟着。)派生词例句:He is a good leader who cares about his team members.(他是个好领导,关心团队成员。)
69
international /ˌɪntəˈnæʃənəl/ adj. 国际的 p.28
无(形容词,无比较级)
无
1. 机构搭配:international company(国际公司,如 work in an international company)2. 赛事搭配:international competition(国际比赛,如 take part in an international competition)
划音节记忆:in-ter-na-tio-nal /ˌɪn-tə-ˈnæ-ʃə-nəl/,“国际的”就是跨国家
1. This is an international school—students come from many different countries.(这是一所国际学校,学生来自很多不同的国家。)2. She won a prize in an international painting competition.(她在一场国际绘画比赛中获奖。)
70
chance /tʃɑːns/ n. 机会 p.28
复数:chances
无
1. 获得搭配:have a chance(有机会,如 have a chance to go abroad)2. 把握搭配:take a chance(冒险,如 take a chance to try)
联想记忆:“chance”像“opportunity(机会)”,“机会”要把握
1. You have a chance to meet the famous singer—don’t miss it!(你有机会见到这位著名歌手,别错过!)2. He took a chance and started his own business—it was successful.(他冒险创业,很成功。)
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improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ v. 改善,改进;变得更好 p.29
三单:improves;过去式/过去分词:improved
无
1. 能力搭配:improve English/skills(提高英语/技能)2. 状态搭配:improve health(改善健康)
联想记忆:“improve”像“make better(变好)”,“改善”就是变好
1. She practices speaking English every day to improve her pronunciation.(她每天练习说英语,改善发音。)2. His health improved a lot after he started exercising.(开始锻炼后,他的健康改善了很多。)
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create /kriˈeɪt/ v. 创造 p.29
三单:creates;过去式/过去分词:created
creation /kriˈeɪʃn/ n. 创造/作品
1. 作品搭配:create a story/painting(创作故事/绘画)2. 机会搭配:create opportunities(创造机会)
派生记忆:create(v.)去-e加-ion变creation(n.),“创造”是“创作”
1. The writer created many interesting characters in his novel.(这位作家在小说中创造了很多有趣的角色。)派生词例句:This new invention is an important creation in the field of science.(这项新发明是科学领域的重要创造。)
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wonder /ˈwʌndə/ v. 想要知道 p.29
三单:wonders;过去式/过去分词:wondered
无
1. 疑问结构:wonder + if/whether(想知道是否……,如 I wonder if he will come.)2. 疑问结构:wonder + wh-词(想知道……,如 I wonder where she lives.)
联想记忆:“wonder”像“want to know(想知道)”,直接对应含义
1. I wonder if we can finish the project on time—we have a lot of work to do.(我想知道我们能否按时完成项目,有很多工作要做。)2. She wondered why he didn’t call her back—she was worried.(她想知道他为什么没回电话,很担心。)
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success /səkˈses/ n. 成功,胜利,成就 p.29
不可数(泛指);可数(成功的人/事:a success)
successful /səkˈsesfl/ adj. 成功的
1. 获得搭配:achieve success(取得成功,如 achieve success through hard work)2. 评价搭配:a great success(巨大的成功,如 The party was a great success.)
派生记忆:success(n.)加-ful变successful(adj.),“成功的”是“成功”的形容词
1. Hard work is the key to achieving success in any field.(在任何领域,努力都是取得成功的关键。)派生词例句:She is a successful businesswoman who owns three companies.(她是成功的女商人,拥有三家公司。)
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explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ v. 解释,说明 p.29
三单:explains;过去式/过去分词:explained
explanation /ˌekspləˈneɪʃn/ n. 解释
1. 双宾语结构:explain sth. to sb.(向某人解释某事)2. 状态搭配:explain clearly(解释清楚)
派生记忆:explain(v.)去-in加-ation变explanation(n.),“解释”是“说明”
1. The teacher explained the difficult math problem to us again and again.(老师反复给我们解释这道难的数学题。)派生词例句:Can you give me a simple explanation of this theory?(你能简单解释一下这个理论吗?)
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simple /ˈsɪmpl/ adj. 单纯的,纯粹的,完全的 p.29
比较级:simpler;最高级:simplest
无
1. 事物搭配:simple question/life(简单的问题/生活)2. 程度搭配:simple and easy(简单易懂)
联想记忆:“simple”像“easy(容易的)”,“简单的”就是容易
1. The answer to this question is very simple—you just need to think carefully.(这道题的答案很简单,你只要认真想就行。)2. My grandparents live a simple life in the countryside—they are happy.(爷爷奶奶在乡下过着简单的生活,很开心。)
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same /seɪm/ adj. 相同的,同一个的 p.29
无(形容词,无比较级,必接the)
无
1. 比较搭配:the same as(和……一样,如 the same as yours)2. 时间搭配:the same day(同一天)
联想记忆:“same”和“different(不同的)”反义,“相同的”就是一样
1. My bag is the same as yours—we bought it in the same shop.(我的包和你的一样,我们在同一家店买的。)2. They arrived at the airport on the same day, but missed each other.(他们同一天到达机场,却错过了彼此。)
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courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ n. 勇气,胆量,勇敢 p.29
不可数名词(无复数)
无
1. 动作搭配:have the courage to do sth.(有勇气做某事,如 have the courage to speak)2. 状态搭配:lose courage(失去勇气,如 don’t lose courage)
联想记忆:“courage”像“bravery(勇敢)”,“勇气”就是勇敢的品质
1. She had the courage to stand up and tell the truth—everyone admired her.(她有勇气站起来说实话,所有人都敬佩她。)2. Don’t lose courage even if you fail—try again.(即使失败也别失去勇气,再试一次。)
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ahead /əˈhed/ adv. 在前面 p.29
无(副词,无词形变化)
无
1. 方位搭配:go ahead(前进/可以做,如 Go ahead—don’t wait for me.)2. 时间搭配:ahead of time(提前,如 finish ahead of time)
联想记忆:“ahead”像“in front(在前面)”,“在前面”就是ahead
1. Go ahead and open the door—I’ll be right there.(去开门吧,我马上就到。)2. We finished the work ahead of time.(我们提前完成了工作。)
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spirit /ˈspɪrɪt/ n. (特定时期/群体的)精神,风气 p.29
复数:spirits(表“情绪”时)
无
1. 群体搭配:team spirit(团队精神)2. 活动搭配:the spirit of sports(体育精神)
联想记忆:“spirit”像“soul(精神)”,“精神”是群体的灵魂
1. We need to learn the spirit of teamwork to win the game.(我们需要学习团队精神才能赢比赛。)2. The spirit of sports is “friendship first, competition second”.(体育精神是“友谊第一,比赛第二”。)
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