精品解析：上海市风华中学2025-2026学年高二上学期9月月考英语试题

上海市风华中学2025学年度第一学期高二年级英语阶段性测试 1 (满分： 100分 考试时间：90 mins) Listening Comprehension 16% Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers in your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. He can’t wait any longer. B. He wants a glass of water. C. He’s looking for the waiter. D. He won’t do as the woman asks. 2. A. There’s no time to talk. B. It’s just past ten o’clock. C. She needs a little more time. D. She has more than ten cents. 3. A. She appreciates the man’s help. B. She gave a long presentation. C. She needed more time to prepare. D. She worked hard on her presentation. 4. A. It’s too hot to go running. B. She already went jogging. C. Her jogging suit isn’t warm enough. D. She wants to exercise before she runs. 5. A. To tell him they are busy. B. To cancel an appointment. C. To invite him to go to a film. D. To ask him about the homework. 6. A. Keep looking for his wallet. B. Be more careful with his wallet. C. Put his wallet in his jacket pocket. D. Report the wallet stolen right away. 7. A. She thinks the cafeteria is too expensive. B. She doesn’t like to walk to the cafeteria. C. She doesn’t eat lunch anymore. D. She is on a special diet. 8. A. What is causing the problem. B. When the roof started leaking. C. How to deal with the problem. D. How high the roof is. 9. A. In a locker room. B. In a department store. C. At a shoe-repair shop. D. On a running track. 10. A. It fell out of the car. B. Mary delivered it by herself. C. Susan took it to be delivered. D. The man gave it to Susan. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Marketing manager. B. Finance advisor. C. Chief accountant. D. Radio broadcaster. 12. A. There was no furniture in their flat. B. The appliances in their flat were out of order. C. It took them quite a long time to find a flat. D. They had just a little money for their moving. 13. A. The pleasant weather there. B. The location of his company. C. The weekend activities. D. The sports facilities. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. The origin of media literacy. B. The stages of media literacy. C. The importance of media literacy. D. The development of media literacy. 15. A. It needs to be taught in formal lessons. B. It requires an awareness of what makes a good performance. C. It involves considering what is deleted as well as what is included. D. It is more effectively learnt by making programmes than by watching them. 16. A. Attempts to challenge public policies. B. Producing the media that we experience. C. Reducing the time spent with electronic media. D. Inquiry-based classes or interactive group activities. II. Grammar and Vocabulary 20% Section A Directions: After reading the passage below. fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word. fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks. use one word that best fits each blank. Deposit-return Scheme to Fight Plastic Problem The UK Government has announced plans for a new recycling scheme in England: People who buy single-use bottles and cans should pay a small deposit (amount of money), ____1____ will be returned to them when they take the empty bottles and cans to specially set up recycling-collection points. The UK suffers from ____2____ is known as a throwaway culture, where many people consider everything to be disposable and don’t think about what happens to all the rubbish. Politicians hope that a deposit-return scheme will encourage more people ____3____ (recycle) and cut the amount of waste that ends up in landfill or dropped on the streets. Schemes like this have already been a big success in countries such as Germany, Israel, Sweden and the US ____4____ people receive the equivalent of between 8 and 22 percent per bottle or can that they return. A similar deposit-return scheme was announced in Scotland in September 2017. While recycling rates in Wales have been among the best in the world, Welsh ministers are considering ____5____ a deposit-return scheme could make a difference there further. There have already been a big shift in people’s perception of plastic waste. Last year, BBC One’s Blue Planet II series ____6____ (highlight) the huge problems that plastic pollution creates in the oceans. Not only are chemicals in plastics harmful to marine life, but animals can also get trapped in rubbish, ____7____ (cause) injuries and even death. ____8____ more people have become aware of the effect plastic has ____9____ the environment, reusable bottles and boxes have become popular. Since the 5p charge for carrier bags were introduced in England in October 2015, their use in the country has fallen by 83%. With luck, the ____10____ (propose) deposit-return scheme will also make a difference. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. promotes B. culturally C. desires D. extreme E. widening F. identity G. inequality H. rising I. impact J. dependency K. particularly Megatrends in Education We all know the importance of education. Everyone ____11____ to have a good one, but its quality and availability is not the same for all. This situation changes as social, economic and political conditions change and technological development provides new benefits and threats. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), which ____12____ policies that will improve the economic and social well-being of people around the world, has been looking at the future of global education. Its head of education, Andreas Schleicher, has been talking to the BBC about some major international trends affecting education systems around the world. One threat is the ____13____ gap between rich and poor, with more intense pockets of ____14____ privilege and deprivation. In OECD countries, the richest 10% have incomes 10 times greater than the poorest 10%. This ____15____ is a challenge for schools who want to offer equal and fair access to education for everyone. Another trend is the ____16____ affluence (富裕) in Asia. It’s suggested that a large rise in the middle-classes in China and India will increase demand for university places. Andreas Schleicher asks the question “What values will these newly wealthy consumers want from their schools?” Increasing migration will also have an ____17____ on education systems. Mobility results in more ____18____ diverse students eager to learn and develop a good life for themselves. But that can be a challenge, too, as Andreas Schleicher asks, “How should schools support pupils arriving from around the world? What questions does it raise about ____19____ and integration? Will schools have a bigger role in teaching about shared values?” Funding pressure is another issue: as our demand and expectation for education rises and more people go to university, who’s going to pay for it all? The rise in ____20____ on technology is another concern. What should students learn when many of their talents can be replicated by machines? And how reliant should we be on learning from the Internet? III. Reading Comprehension Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Section A 15% Studies have shown that when people’s mental health improves, they’re more likely to ____21____ in their relationships and careers — and adopt healthier habits. People become more productive, find meaning in everyday experiences and are more equipped to cope with changes and obstacles when they feel mentally well. Here are four New Year’s resolutions experts expect people to make ____22____ mental health. Rethink your social media use “Reflect on whether you’d like to continue with the same online habits in 2024”, says Nedra Glover Tawwab a therapist. “Do you want to set some ____23____ for yourself? Are there people you need to ____24____?” For example, you might limit yourself to 15 minutes on social media per day, delete the most ____25____ apps from your phone during the workweek, or challenge yourself not to check social media when you’ re feeling gloomy. Reconnect with a long-lost friend “Make new friends, but keep the old” is an adage (格言) for a reason. Loneliness affects physical and mental health while ____26____ social bonds are a salve. Resolve to reach out to “one person you lost touch with who used to be ____27____ to you.” Winch says. He recommends opening with a text like this: “I was thinking about you. It’s been so long. How are you? ” ____28____ the message with smiley face, he adds. “That’s important because when you say: ‘It’s been so long.’, it can sound accusing.” A smiley face, Winch says, can ensure the ____29____ meaning — “I miss you” — comes across. Plan four activities each week The “core four” help guard against life’s stressors. First, do something ____30____ like attending a football game or belting out (大声唱出) a Taylor Swift album. Having fun “____31____ the stress by helping you accumulate more positive events than negative ones.” says Calvin Fitch, a clinical health psychologist. Then check off a “mastery activity”, like cleaning or running errands (跑腿). Also important are being ____32____ — a sense of belonging facilitates better health — and doing physical activities that get your heart rate going. Do something to relieve climate anxiety If you’re ____33____ about the state of the planet — and more of us are — worrying won’t help. Instead, take a cue from Winch’s family: each year, they decide to do one thing to ____34____ their climate anxiety, like eliminating plastic bags, composting food scraps, or walking 15 minutes to nearby destinations instead of driving. “It’s overwhelming. I feel like I can’t get my arms around it.” he says. “But doing one small thing is a way of feeling like you’re ____35____ your goal.” 21. A. compete B. quit C. recall D. thrive 22. A. in memory of B. in the name of C. with the aid of D. with the exception of 23. A. boundaries B. standards C. records D. examples 24. A. uncover B. unlock C. unfollow D. unlike 25. A. time-consuming B. time-saving C. time-honored D. time-starved 26. A. deep B. new C. private D. safe 27. A. dear B. indifferent C. rare D. strange 28. A. Decorate B. End C. Lengthen D. Start 29. A. moral B. literature C. real D. inevitable 30. A. comfortable B. efficient C. pleasurable D. unusual 31. A. decreases B. enhances C. extends D. supplies 32. A. energetic B. healthy C. responsible D. social 33. A. ambitious B. cautious C. confident D. distressed 34. A. conceal B. ease C. measure D. track 35. A. emphasizing B. defeating C. underestimating D. approaching Section B 20% Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The First Tourist at Disneyland Dave MacPherson may have been the first paying guest at Disneyland when the theme park opened its gates 50 years ago, but he didn’t even have time for one ride. In a hurry to get back to campus for a college class, he instead visited a restroom after spending hours in line and left without as much as a souvenir. Still, the honor of being the first paid admission came with a special perk: a lifetime pass for four to Disneyland and other Disney parks as they opened. “I was the most popular guy at the college,” said MacPherson, a retired journalist living in Monticello, Utah, about 240 miles southeast of Salt Lake City. He’s taken full advantage of it scores of times, especially when he lived in California. Usage dwindled after he moved to Kansas City, Mo. , to work for newspapers and radio. But being closer to California has made it more useful, and he last made the trip a year ago with his wife, Wanda. He receives a VIP renewal every January. In 1955, MacPherson was watching televised coverage of the opening of Disneyland for the media and invited guests on July 17,1955, a day before the park opened to the public. “I said, ‘Boy, I would like to go out there’, ”said MacPherson, who figured he might draw a prize for standing first in line. He drove his Simplex motorbike to Anaheim, arriving shortly before 1 a.m. to take his place in line an hour before anyone else showed up. The crowd steadily grew overnight to about 6,000 people, and MacPherson made sure no one got in front of him. When the admission booth opened, a photographer for the Long Beach Press-Telegram captured him buying the first ticket. Looking at the photo years later, he realized he had his own camera but didn’t use it. “Why didn’t I shoot some pictures?” he wonders. “I even forgot to ask Walt (Disney) for his autograph. I must have been balmy or something after staying up all night.“ 36. What was Dave MacPherson when he first visited Disneyland? A. A journalist. B. A photographer. C. A student. D. A motorist. 37. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Disneyland was first opened in 1955. B. MacPherson enjoyed himself on his first visit to Disneyland. C. MacPherson did not sleep at all on the night before the opening of Disneyland. D. MacPherson arrived at Disneyland at midnight by motorbike. 38. Where can you most probably read this passage? A. In an advertisement. B. In a research paper. C. In a newspaper. D. In a travel brochure. (B) The Honors Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (HPBMB) is offered to mature high school seniors with strong academic ability and achievement who seek careers in biological or biomedical science. Students can earn both a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) and a Doctor of Philosophy Degree (Ph.D.) in approximately 6 years. Applicants for the Honors Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology must be in their last year of high school. Undergraduates will have the opportunity to work with top-level research scientists in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and also in clinical laboratories with scientists that are associated with the department. They will conduct intensive laboratory work in the areas of biochemistry, molecular biology or nutritional biochemistry starting in the summer before their first fall semester starts. By spring of their junior year, students will prepare an undergraduate thesis as preparation for their entry into graduate school. At that time they will start taking graduate courses and continue to do research with a graduate faculty member. To be considered, students must:  have a combined SAT I score of 1400 (combined Math and Critical Reading scores)  meet the SAT II score requirement of at least 600 in Math, and one science (Biology, Chemistry or Physics)  have completed eight semesters of English and mathematics and two semesters each of biology and chemistry by the time they graduate from high school  complete all components of your Common Application for undergraduate admission by November 1 of your senior year  complete a supplemental application form for the Honors Program in Biochemistry &Molecular Biology  include a counselor recommendation, three letters of recommendation from teachers in support of your application for the Honors Program and a personal statement Send all Dual Admission Honors Program application materials to: 39. We can learn from the passage that ________ . A. Grade one students in a high school can apply for the program. B. It’s possible for graduates to obtain both a bachelor’s degree and a doctor’s degree. C. Graduates are promised to have a chance to work with top biomedical scientists. D. A thesis is not necessary if an undergraduate wants to go to graduate school. 40. Which of the following is an unnecessary requirement for application? A. A combined SAT I score of 1400. B. A combined SAT II score of 600 in Math and one science. C. Three letters of recommendation from his teachers. D. A letter of recommendation from the principal. 41. What’s the purpose of this passage? A. To tell the students how to learn well in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology. B. To introduce a very famous university — “University of Miami”. C. To attract excellent high school graduates to apply for the Honors Program. D. To give information on how to contact Director of the Honors Program. (C) Picture perfect: Is there such thing as a classic? The “Mona Lisa” is probably the most recognizable female face in the world. Every day around 20.000 people visit and view Leonardo da Vinci’s painting in the Louvre. Yet it became famous not because of an engaging semi-smile, but a thief. Until a worker stole the masterpiece in 1911, it was still mostly unknown; viewers flooded in to see what a French newspaper called “an enormous, horrific, huge void”. Classics of art, literature and music are supposed to carry some mysterious appeal that endures across the ages. But as Rochelle Gurstein, a historian, writes in a new book Written in Water, the “timeless classic” is anything but. “What I believed was written in stone was actually written in water,” she argues. Classics come and go. The rise and fall of classics is not just a matter of changing tastes; art itself has changed. Artists used to strive to express ideal forms of beauty. Genius was the “child of imitation”, explained Joshua Reynolds, a British portraitist in the 18th century. Artists learned by studying and imitating classical masterpieces, often Roman copies of Greek sculptures. The writing of art history has also changed tastes. In the 16th century Giorgio Vasari, an Italian painter, advanced an influential expression of artistic progress that was achieved in the realism of Raphael and Michelangelo. But in the 19th century John Ruskin, a critic, called attention to the pre-Raphaelite movement when he argued that the real “Old Masters” were actually medieval Christian painters. Seeing today’s desirable contemporary “masterpieces” sold at auction (拍卖) for millions, you are bound to wonder how critics 100 years from now will feel about them. Much as in art, the “classics” of music and literature have not always been set in stone either. Today Johann Sebastian Bach is often regarded as the master of classical music. But after his death in 1750 Bach’s compositions fell out of fashion until Felix Mendelssohn, a German composer, rediscovered them in the 1820s. Ms Gurstein’s perspectives show that the “status of a classic” depends on critics, and is a test to the power of passionate writers to change the way people look at art. Taste evolves, and it should. But true culture lives on only as long as people continue to argue over what counts as a classic today. The true enemy of the classic is not relativism or controversy. It is silence. 42. By citing the example of “Mona Lisa” in Paragraph One, the author intends to? A. introduce her engaging smile in the perfect picture. B. recognize her as the most famous female in the world. C. disclose the unknown thief of the masterpiece in 1911. D. illustrate the fame of a classic can arise from unexpected events. 43. According to Paragraph Three, how did artists in the past view artistic creation? A. They prioritized originality over tradition. B. They rejected Roman and Greek influences. C. They aimed to express their personal emotions. D. They believed in learning by imitating classics. 44. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Relativism and controversy are the main threats to the classics. B. True culture will survive regardless of people’s discussions about classics. C. Silence helps in maintaining the status of classics as it preserves their mystery. D. Classics are shaped by ongoing debate and the influence of critics and passionate writers. 45. The passage is mainly about ______ . A. the rise and fall of classics and the causes. B. great minds and their representative works. C. world-famous art, literature and music classics. D. criticism of a book written by Rochelle Gurstein. Section C 4% Directions : Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once . Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Everybody knows the importance of drinking enough water. As we all know, drinking water benefits your skin, muscles and organs. It also helps prevent certain diseases and improve your mood. The major reason for that is related to human biological needs. When you’re a baby, you’re 75 percent water. Then, as the years get higher, you get drier.____46____It helps you lose weight, according to a study from the University of Birmingham. The researchers found that drinking 500 ml of water thirty minutes before a meal helped participants lose 10 more pounds than those who did not.____47____All participants were advised to improve their diet and physical activity levels. 84 overweight adults were involved. Among them 41 were told to “preload” with water, while 43 were told to control their water intake before eating. After 12 weeks, the participants instructed to “preload” with water lost 2.87 pounds more than those in the control group on average. In addition, the participants preloading with water before each of their three main meals every day lost 9.48 pounds over the 12 weeks.____48____ Dr Helen Parretti, a lecturer at the University of Birmingham, had this to say of the study： ____49____Just drinking 500 ml of water three times a day, before your main meals may help reduce your weight and this could be an easy way for weight loss. Furthermore, it can be significant for an individual to lose extra weight, making a potential contribution to public health. A. Another reason to drink water is right here. B. The study began with a weight management consultation. C. The beauty of these findings is that losing weight is simple. D. But not everyone can get access to tap water in some areas. E. In contrast, those preloading once a day or never, lost just 1.76 pounds. F. So kids should drink more water instead of coke to keep healthy. IV. Blank Filling 10% Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given words or conjunctions to make the sentences logical. 50. ________________ (drive) by a strong sense of responsibility, people explore and do not give up.(所给词的适当形式填空) 51. By the time he died at the age of 98, he ________________ (conduct) a great deal of research to explore the impact of this phenomenon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. We ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early, thus ________________ (catch) the early flight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. My suggestion is that the problem ________________ (discuss) at the meeting as soon as possible. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. It is said that David threatened ________________ (report) his neighbour if the damages were not paid. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. ________________ you turn a deaf ear to the criticism from the masses, you are sure to commit errors in the work. (用适当的词填空) 56. We should consider the students’ request ________ the school library provide more books on popular science. (用适当的词填空) 57. The manager decided to assign the job to __________ he believed had a strong sense of duty. (用适当的词填空) 58. ________________ has been described above, it’s a general rule that solids expand as the temperature increases and contract when they are cooled. (用适当的词填空) 59. It remains unknown ________________ he will be admitted to Fudan University. (用适当的词填空) V. Translation 15% Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 60. 众所周知，学习习惯因人而异。(It) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 61. 我从来没想到在网络上推广产品可以削减成本。(occur) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 62. 这些科学家坚持追寻真理，最终在各自的领域取得了巨大成就。（persist）（汉译英） 63. 很多人对他们的潜能一无所知，这在一定程度上限制了他们的发展。（ignorant）（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 64. 人们是否可以保护该地区的珍稀物种免遭灭绝和当地居民的环保意识有很大关系。(difference) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市风华中学2025学年度第一学期高二年级英语阶段性测试 1 (满分： 100分 考试时间：90 mins) Listening Comprehension 16% Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers in your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. He can’t wait any longer. B. He wants a glass of water. C. He’s looking for the waiter. D. He won’t do as the woman asks. 2. A. There’s no time to talk. B. It’s just past ten o’clock. C. She needs a little more time. D. She has more than ten cents. 3. A. She appreciates the man’s help. B. She gave a long presentation. C. She needed more time to prepare. D. She worked hard on her presentation. 4. A. It’s too hot to go running. B. She already went jogging. C. Her jogging suit isn’t warm enough. D. She wants to exercise before she runs. 5. A. To tell him they are busy. B. To cancel an appointment. C. To invite him to go to a film. D. To ask him about the homework. 6. A. Keep looking for his wallet. B. Be more careful with his wallet. C. Put his wallet in his jacket pocket. D. Report the wallet stolen right away. 7. A. She thinks the cafeteria is too expensive. B. She doesn’t like to walk to the cafeteria. C. She doesn’t eat lunch anymore. D. She is on a special diet. 8. A. What is causing the problem. B. When the roof started leaking. C. How to deal with the problem. D. How high the roof is. 9. A. In a locker room. B. In a department store. C. At a shoe-repair shop. D. On a running track. 10. A. It fell out of the car. B. Mary delivered it by herself. C. Susan took it to be delivered. D. The man gave it to Susan. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Marketing manager. B. Finance advisor. C. Chief accountant. D. Radio broadcaster. 12. A. There was no furniture in their flat. B. The appliances in their flat were out of order. C. It took them quite a long time to find a flat. D. They had just a little money for their moving. 13. A. The pleasant weather there. B. The location of his company. C. The weekend activities. D. The sports facilities. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. The origin of media literacy. B. The stages of media literacy. C. The importance of media literacy. D. The development of media literacy. 15. A. It needs to be taught in formal lessons. B. It requires an awareness of what makes a good performance. C. It involves considering what is deleted as well as what is included. D. It is more effectively learnt by making programmes than by watching them. 16. A. Attempts to challenge public policies. B. Producing the media that we experience. C. Reducing the time spent with electronic media. D. Inquiry-based classes or interactive group activities. II. Grammar and Vocabulary 20% Section A Directions: After reading the passage below. fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word. fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks. use one word that best fits each blank. Deposit-return Scheme to Fight Plastic Problem The UK Government has announced plans for a new recycling scheme in England: People who buy single-use bottles and cans should pay a small deposit (amount of money), ____1____ will be returned to them when they take the empty bottles and cans to specially set up recycling-collection points. The UK suffers from ____2____ is known as a throwaway culture, where many people consider everything to be disposable and don’t think about what happens to all the rubbish. Politicians hope that a deposit-return scheme will encourage more people ____3____ (recycle) and cut the amount of waste that ends up in landfill or dropped on the streets. Schemes like this have already been a big success in countries such as Germany, Israel, Sweden and the US ____4____ people receive the equivalent of between 8 and 22 percent per bottle or can that they return. A similar deposit-return scheme was announced in Scotland in September 2017. While recycling rates in Wales have been among the best in the world, Welsh ministers are considering ____5____ a deposit-return scheme could make a difference there further. There have already been a big shift in people’s perception of plastic waste. Last year, BBC One’s Blue Planet II series ____6____ (highlight) the huge problems that plastic pollution creates in the oceans. Not only are chemicals in plastics harmful to marine life, but animals can also get trapped in rubbish, ____7____ (cause) injuries and even death. ____8____ more people have become aware of the effect plastic has ____9____ the environment, reusable bottles and boxes have become popular. Since the 5p charge for carrier bags were introduced in England in October 2015, their use in the country has fallen by 83%. With luck, the ____10____ (propose) deposit-return scheme will also make a difference. 【答案】1. which 2. what 3. to recycle 4. where 5. whether##if 6. highlighted 7. causing 8. Because##As##Since 9. on 10. proposed 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国政府计划实施押金返还制度以应对塑料污染问题。 【1题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：英国政府已宣布在英格兰实施新的回收计划：购买一次性瓶子和罐子的人需要支付一笔小额押金，当他们将空瓶和空罐子送到专门设立的回收收集点时，这笔押金将退还给他们。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a small deposit，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 【2题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：英国深受所谓的 “一次性文化” 困扰，在这种文化中，许多人认为所有东西都是一次性的，而不考虑所有垃圾会发生什么。suffers from后为宾语从句，本空在从句中作主语，表示“……的事情”，应用连接代词what引导该从句。故填what。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：政治家们希望押金返还制度能鼓励更多的人回收利用，减少最终被填埋或丢弃在街道上的垃圾量。本句谓语为will encourage，此处为非谓语动词，encourage sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，本空用recycle“回收利用”的不定式作宾语补足语。故填to recycle。 【4题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在德国、以色列、瑞典和美国等国家，类似的计划已经取得了巨大成功，在这些国家，人们每归还一个瓶子或罐子，就能得到相当于8%到22%的回报。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词countries，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 【5题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：虽然威尔士的回收率一直是世界上最好的之一，但威尔士部长们正在考虑押金返还制度是否会进一步改变那里的状况。本空引导宾语从句，表示“是否”之意，应用whether或if引导该从句。故填whether或if。 【6题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：去年，英国广播公司的《蓝色星球 2》系列节目强调了塑料污染在海洋中造成的巨大问题。本空为主句谓语，根据句中时间状语Last year可知，本句描述过去发生的事情，时态应使用一般过去时，谓语用highlight“强调”的过去式。故填highlighted。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：塑料中的化学物质不仅对海洋生物有害，而且动物也可能被困在垃圾中，造成伤害甚至死亡。本句谓语为get，此处为非谓语动词，用cause“造成”的现在分词，作结果状语。故填causing。 【8题详解】 考查原因状语从句。句意：因为越来越多的人意识到塑料对环境的影响，可重复使用的瓶子和盒子变得流行起来。空格处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”，用because/as/since引导，句首单词，首字母大写。故填Because/As/Since。 【9题详解】 考查介词。句意同上。effect后为定语从句，省略了关系代词that/which，完整结构为“the effect that/which plastic has____ the environment”，have an effect on是固定短语，意为“对……有影响”。故填on。 【10题详解】 考查形容词。句意：幸运的是，这项拟议中的押金返还计划也将产生影响。本空修饰名词scheme，用形容词proposed“建议的，提出的，推荐的”，作定语。故填proposed。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. promotes B. culturally C. desires D. extreme E. widening F. identity G. inequality H. rising I. impact J. dependency K. particularly Megatrends in Education We all know the importance of education. Everyone ____11____ to have a good one, but its quality and availability is not the same for all. This situation changes as social, economic and political conditions change and technological development provides new benefits and threats. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), which ____12____ policies that will improve the economic and social well-being of people around the world, has been looking at the future of global education. Its head of education, Andreas Schleicher, has been talking to the BBC about some major international trends affecting education systems around the world. One threat is the ____13____ gap between rich and poor, with more intense pockets of ____14____ privilege and deprivation. In OECD countries, the richest 10% have incomes 10 times greater than the poorest 10%. This ____15____ is a challenge for schools who want to offer equal and fair access to education for everyone. Another trend is the ____16____ affluence (富裕) in Asia. It’s suggested that a large rise in the middle-classes in China and India will increase demand for university places. Andreas Schleicher asks the question “What values will these newly wealthy consumers want from their schools?” Increasing migration will also have an ____17____ on education systems. Mobility results in more ____18____ diverse students eager to learn and develop a good life for themselves. But that can be a challenge, too, as Andreas Schleicher asks, “How should schools support pupils arriving from around the world? What questions does it raise about ____19____ and integration? Will schools have a bigger role in teaching about shared values?” Funding pressure is another issue: as our demand and expectation for education rises and more people go to university, who’s going to pay for it all? The rise in ____20____ on technology is another concern. What should students learn when many of their talents can be replicated by machines? And how reliant should we be on learning from the Internet? 【答案】11. C 12. A 13. E 14. D 15. G 16. H 17. I 18. B 19. F 20. J 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了全球教育面临的未来趋势与挑战，结合经济合作与发展组织（OECD）的观点，分析了社会、经济、技术等因素对教育系统的影响。 【11题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每个人都希望有一个好的（教育），但它的质量和可用性是不一样的。由后面“have a good one”可知，句子表示“每个人都希望有一个好的教育”，空格处意为“希望，渴望”，是desire，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Everyone是不定代词，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故选C。 【12题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：经济合作与发展组织（OECD）一直在关注全球教育的未来，该组织致力于推动改善全球人民经济和社会福祉的政策。由下文“policies that will improve the economic and social well-being of people around the world”可知，句子表示“该组织致力于推动改善全球人民经济和社会福祉的政策”，空格处意为“推动，促进”，是promote，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，which指代的是OECD这个组织，是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故选A。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：一个威胁是贫富差距的扩大，极端特权和剥夺的现象更加严重。由“gap between rich and poor, with more intense pockets”可知，此处指扩大的贫富差距，空格处意为“正在扩大的”，是widening，故选E。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：一个威胁是贫富差距的扩大，极端特权和剥夺的现象更加严重。由“privilege”可知，此处表示“极端特权”，空格处意为“极端的”，是extreme，故选D。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：对于那些希望为每个人提供平等和公平的教育机会的学校来说，这种不平等是一个挑战。由上文“In OECD countries, the richest 10% have incomes 10 times greater than the poorest 10%”可知，空格处意为“不平等”，用名词作主语，是inequality，是不可数名词，故选G。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：另一个趋势是亚洲日益富裕。由下文“It’s suggested that a large rise in the middle-classes in China and India will increase demand for university places”可知，句子表示“另一个趋势是亚洲日益富裕”，空格处意为“日益增长的”，是rising，故选H。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：不断增加的移民也将对教育系统产生影响。由“Increasing migration”和“on education systems”可知，空格处意为“影响”，是impact，空前有an，空格处用单数，故选I。 【18题详解】 考查副词。句意：流动性导致更多的多元文化的学生渴望学习和发展自己的美好生活。由上文“Increasing migration”和下文“diverse students”可知，空格处意为“文化地”，用副词修饰形容词diverse，是culturally，故选B。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：它提出了什么关于身份和融合的问题？由上文“How should schools support pupils arriving from around the world”可知，空格处意为“身份”，是identity，此处用单数，故选F。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：对技术依赖程度的上升是另一个令人担忧的问题。由下文“on technology is another concern. What should students learn when many of their talents can be replicated by machines?”可知，空格处意为“依赖程度”，是dependency，是不可数名词，故选J。 III. Reading Comprehension Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Section A 15% Studies have shown that when people’s mental health improves, they’re more likely to ____21____ in their relationships and careers — and adopt healthier habits. People become more productive, find meaning in everyday experiences and are more equipped to cope with changes and obstacles when they feel mentally well. Here are four New Year’s resolutions experts expect people to make ____22____ mental health. Rethink your social media use “Reflect on whether you’d like to continue with the same online habits in 2024”, says Nedra Glover Tawwab a therapist. “Do you want to set some ____23____ for yourself? Are there people you need to ____24____?” For example, you might limit yourself to 15 minutes on social media per day, delete the most ____25____ apps from your phone during the workweek, or challenge yourself not to check social media when you’ re feeling gloomy. Reconnect with a long-lost friend “Make new friends, but keep the old” is an adage (格言) for a reason. Loneliness affects physical and mental health while ____26____ social bonds are a salve. Resolve to reach out to “one person you lost touch with who used to be ____27____ to you.” Winch says. He recommends opening with a text like this: “I was thinking about you. It’s been so long. How are you? ” ____28____ the message with smiley face, he adds. “That’s important because when you say: ‘It’s been so long.’, it can sound accusing.” A smiley face, Winch says, can ensure the ____29____ meaning — “I miss you” — comes across. Plan four activities each week The “core four” help guard against life’s stressors. First, do something ____30____ like attending a football game or belting out (大声唱出) a Taylor Swift album. Having fun “____31____ the stress by helping you accumulate more positive events than negative ones.” says Calvin Fitch, a clinical health psychologist. Then check off a “mastery activity”, like cleaning or running errands (跑腿). Also important are being ____32____ — a sense of belonging facilitates better health — and doing physical activities that get your heart rate going. Do something to relieve climate anxiety If you’re ____33____ about the state of the planet — and more of us are — worrying won’t help. Instead, take a cue from Winch’s family: each year, they decide to do one thing to ____34____ their climate anxiety, like eliminating plastic bags, composting food scraps, or walking 15 minutes to nearby destinations instead of driving. “It’s overwhelming. I feel like I can’t get my arms around it.” he says. “But doing one small thing is a way of feeling like you’re ____35____ your goal.” 21. A. compete B. quit C. recall D. thrive 22. A. in memory of B. in the name of C. with the aid of D. with the exception of 23. A. boundaries B. standards C. records D. examples 24. A. uncover B. unlock C. unfollow D. unlike 25. A. time-consuming B. time-saving C. time-honored D. time-starved 26. A. deep B. new C. private D. safe 27. A. dear B. indifferent C. rare D. strange 28. A. Decorate B. End C. Lengthen D. Start 29. A. moral B. literature C. real D. inevitable 30. A. comfortable B. efficient C. pleasurable D. unusual 31. A. decreases B. enhances C. extends D. supplies 32. A. energetic B. healthy C. responsible D. social 33. A. ambitious B. cautious C. confident D. distressed 34. A. conceal B. ease C. measure D. track 35. A. emphasizing B. defeating C. underestimating D. approaching 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍四项助力改善心理健康的新年计划及具体做法。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，当人们的心理健康状况改善时，他们更有可能在人际关系和职业生涯中茁壮成长，并养成更健康的习惯。A. compete竞争；B. quit退出；C. recall回忆；D. thrive繁荣，茁壮成长，蓬勃发展。根据下文“People become more productive, find meaning in everyday experiences and are more equipped to cope with changes and obstacles when they feel mentally well.”可知，心理健康改善会让人在各方面有积极表现，人们更有可能在人际关系和职业生涯中茁壮成长。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：以下是专家建议人们以心理健康的名义制定的四项新年计划。A. in memory of为了纪念；B. in the name of以……的名义；C. with the aid of在……的帮助下；D. with the exception of除了。根据上文“Here are four New Year’s resolutions experts expect people to make”和下文“mental health”可知，此处表示以心理健康的名义制定的新年计划。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你想为自己设定一些界限吗？A. boundaries界限；B. standards标准；C. records记录；D. examples例子。根据下文“For example, you might limit yourself to 15 minutes on social media per day”可知，此处表示设定界限。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词和介词词义辨析。句意：有没有你需要取消关注的人？A. uncover揭开；B. unlock解锁；C. unfollow取消关注；D. unlike不像。根据上文“Reflect on whether you’d like to continue with the same online habits in 2024”可知，话题围绕 “社交媒体使用”，unfollow是社交媒体语境中的常用词，意为“取消关注（某人）”，符合“调整社交媒体习惯”的逻辑，其他选项均与“社交媒体操作”无关。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，你可以限制自己每天只使用15分钟社交媒体，在工作日从手机上删除最耗时的应用程序，或者在自己情绪低落时挑战自己不去查看社交媒体。A. time-consuming耗时的；B. time-saving节省时间的；C. time-honored历史悠久的；D. time-starved时间匮乏的。根据上文“you might limit yourself to 15 minutes on social media per day”和下文“apps from your phone during the workweek”可知，此处表示删除耗时的应用程序。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孤独会影响身心健康，而深厚的社会联系则是一种慰藉。A. deep深的；B. new新的；C. private私人的；D. safe安全的。根据上文“Loneliness affects physical and mental health”以及下文“social bonds are a salve”可知，此处表示深厚的社会联系是一种慰藉。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下定决心联系一个曾经与你很亲近但失去联系的人。A. dear亲爱的，挚爱的；B. indifferent冷漠的；C. rare稀有的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文“Resolve to reach out to “one person you lost touch with who used to be”可知，此处表示重新联系曾经很亲近的人。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他补充说，在消息结尾加上一个笑脸。A. Decorate装饰；B. End结束；C. Lengthen延长；D. Start开始。根据下文“That’s important because when you say: ‘It’s been so long.’, it can sound accusing. A smiley face, Winch says, can ensure the ____ meaning — “I miss you” — comes across.”可知，一个笑脸可以确保真正的意思得到传达，此处强调在消息结尾加上一个笑脸。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：温奇说，一个笑脸可以确保真正的意思——“我想你”——得到传达。A. moral道德的；B. literature文学的；C. real真实的；D. inevitable不可避免的。根据上文“That’s important because when you say: ‘It’s been so long.’, it can sound accusing.”和下文“I miss you”可知，此处表示笑脸传达出真实的意思。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，做一些令人愉快的事情，比如参加足球比赛或大声唱出泰勒·斯威夫特的专辑。A. comfortable舒适的；B. efficient高效的；C. pleasurable令人愉快的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据下文“like attending a football game or belting out (大声唱出) a Taylor Swift album”和“Having fun”可知，此处表示做一些令人愉快的事情。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：玩得开心有助于减少压力，因为它让你积累的正能量多于负能量。A. decreases减少；B. enhances增强；C. extends扩展；D. supplies供应。根据下文“by helping you accumulate more positive events than negative ones”可知，正能量会“降低，减少”压力。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同样重要的是社交——归属感有助于促进更好的健康——以及进行让你的心率加快的体育活动。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. healthy健康的；C. responsible负责的；D. social社交的。根据下文“a sense of belonging facilitates better health”可知，归属感来自“社交互动”，此处表示社交。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你对地球的现状感到痛苦——我们中越来越多的人如此——担心是没有用的。A. ambitious有雄心的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. confident自信的；D. distressed痛苦的。根据下文“about the state of the planet — and more of us are — worrying won’t help”可知，此处表示对地球的现状感到痛苦。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，可以借鉴温奇一家的做法：每年，他们都会决定做一件事来缓解他们的气候焦虑，比如不用塑料袋、堆肥食物残渣，或者步行15分钟到附近的目的地而不是开车。A. conceal隐藏；B. ease缓解；C. measure测量；D. track追踪。根据下文“their climate anxiety, like eliminating plastic bags, composting food scraps, or walking 15 minutes to nearby destinations instead of driving”可知，这些行为是为了“减轻，缓解”气候焦虑。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但做一件小事，就能让你感觉自己正在接近目标。A. emphasizing强调；B. defeating打败；C. underestimating低估；D. approaching接近。根据上文“doing one small thing is a way of feeling like you’re”可知，小事会让人逐步“接近”目标。故选D。 Section B 20% Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The First Tourist at Disneyland Dave MacPherson may have been the first paying guest at Disneyland when the theme park opened its gates 50 years ago, but he didn’t even have time for one ride. In a hurry to get back to campus for a college class, he instead visited a restroom after spending hours in line and left without as much as a souvenir. Still, the honor of being the first paid admission came with a special perk: a lifetime pass for four to Disneyland and other Disney parks as they opened. “I was the most popular guy at the college,” said MacPherson, a retired journalist living in Monticello, Utah, about 240 miles southeast of Salt Lake City. He’s taken full advantage of it scores of times, especially when he lived in California. Usage dwindled after he moved to Kansas City, Mo. , to work for newspapers and radio. But being closer to California has made it more useful, and he last made the trip a year ago with his wife, Wanda. He receives a VIP renewal every January. In 1955, MacPherson was watching televised coverage of the opening of Disneyland for the media and invited guests on July 17,1955, a day before the park opened to the public. “I said, ‘Boy, I would like to go out there’, ”said MacPherson, who figured he might draw a prize for standing first in line. He drove his Simplex motorbike to Anaheim, arriving shortly before 1 a.m. to take his place in line an hour before anyone else showed up. The crowd steadily grew overnight to about 6,000 people, and MacPherson made sure no one got in front of him. When the admission booth opened, a photographer for the Long Beach Press-Telegram captured him buying the first ticket. Looking at the photo years later, he realized he had his own camera but didn’t use it. “Why didn’t I shoot some pictures?” he wonders. “I even forgot to ask Walt (Disney) for his autograph. I must have been balmy or something after staying up all night.“ 36. What was Dave MacPherson when he first visited Disneyland? A. A journalist. B. A photographer. C. A student. D. A motorist. 37. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Disneyland was first opened in 1955. B. MacPherson enjoyed himself on his first visit to Disneyland. C. MacPherson did not sleep at all on the night before the opening of Disneyland. D. MacPherson arrived at Disneyland at midnight by motorbike. 38. Where can you most probably read this passage? A. In an advertisement. B. In a research paper. C. In a newspaper. D. In a travel brochure. 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述戴夫・麦克弗森成为迪士尼乐园首位付费游客的经历及后续故事。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In a hurry to get back to campus for a college class, he instead visited a restroom after spending hours in line and left without as much as a souvenir.(他急着赶回校园去上课，在排了几个小时队后，他去了趟洗手间，然后没买任何纪念品就离开了)” 可知，Dave MacPherson第一次去迪士尼乐园时是一名学生。故选C项。 【37题详解】 根据第一段中的“Dave MacPherson may have been the first paying guest at Disneyland when the theme park opened its gates 50 years ago, but he didn’t even have time for one ride. In a hurry to get back to campus for a college class, he instead visited a restroom after spending hours in line and left without as much as a souvenir. (戴夫・麦克弗森或许是 50 年前迪士尼主题公园开园时的首位付费游客，但他甚至没来得及玩一个游乐项目。由于急于赶回校园上课，他在排队数小时后只去了趟洗手间，没带一件纪念品就离开了。)” 可知，他并未体验游乐项目，也未享受游玩过程，B项表述错误。故选B项。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。本文围绕“迪士尼乐园首位付费游客”这一具体人物的真实经历展开，包含明确的时间（1955 年、50 周年等）、地点（阿纳海姆、犹他州等）、事件细节（排队、买首张门票、获终身通行证等），语言平实客观，兼具故事性与新闻性，符合报纸人物报道的典型特征。故选C项。 (B) The Honors Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (HPBMB) is offered to mature high school seniors with strong academic ability and achievement who seek careers in biological or biomedical science. Students can earn both a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) and a Doctor of Philosophy Degree (Ph.D.) in approximately 6 years. Applicants for the Honors Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology must be in their last year of high school. Undergraduates will have the opportunity to work with top-level research scientists in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and also in clinical laboratories with scientists that are associated with the department. They will conduct intensive laboratory work in the areas of biochemistry, molecular biology or nutritional biochemistry starting in the summer before their first fall semester starts. By spring of their junior year, students will prepare an undergraduate thesis as preparation for their entry into graduate school. At that time they will start taking graduate courses and continue to do research with a graduate faculty member. To be considered, students must:  have a combined SAT I score of 1400 (combined Math and Critical Reading scores)  meet the SAT II score requirement of at least 600 in Math, and one science (Biology, Chemistry or Physics)  have completed eight semesters of English and mathematics and two semesters each of biology and chemistry by the time they graduate from high school  complete all components of your Common Application for undergraduate admission by November 1 of your senior year  complete a supplemental application form for the Honors Program in Biochemistry &Molecular Biology  include a counselor recommendation, three letters of recommendation from teachers in support of your application for the Honors Program and a personal statement Send all Dual Admission Honors Program application materials to: 39. We can learn from the passage that ________ . A. Grade one students in a high school can apply for the program. B. It’s possible for graduates to obtain both a bachelor’s degree and a doctor’s degree. C. Graduates are promised to have a chance to work with top biomedical scientists. D. A thesis is not necessary if an undergraduate wants to go to graduate school. 40. Which of the following is an unnecessary requirement for application? A. A combined SAT I score of 1400. B. A combined SAT II score of 600 in Math and one science. C. Three letters of recommendation from his teachers. D. A letter of recommendation from the principal. 41. What’s the purpose of this passage? A. To tell the students how to learn well in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology. B. To introduce a very famous university — “University of Miami”. C. To attract excellent high school graduates to apply for the Honors Program. D. To give information on how to contact Director of the Honors Program. 【答案】39. B 40. D 41. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了生物化学与分子生物学（HPBMB）荣誉课程面向具有较强学术能力和成就，寻求生物或生物医学领域职业发展的成熟高中高年级学生的招生计划。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Students can earn both a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) and a Doctor of Philosophy Degree (Ph. D.) in approximately 6 years. (学生可以在大约6年内获得理学学士（B.S.）学位和哲学博士（Ph.D.）学位)”可知，毕业生有可能同时获得学士学位和博士学位。故选B项。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中第一条“have a combined SAT I score of 1400 (combined Math and Critical Reading scores)(SAT I综合成绩为1400分（数学和批判性阅读综合成绩）)”、第二条“meet the SAT II score requirement of at least 600 in Math, and one science (Biology,Chemistry or Physics) (数学和一门科学（生物、化学或物理）达到SAT II至少600分的要求)”和第六条“include a counselor recommendation, three letters of recommendation from teachers in support of your application for the Honors Program and a personal statement (包括一份辅导员推荐信，三封来自支持老师的推荐信，荣誉项目的申请和一份个人陈述)”并结合选项可知，A、B、C选项内容都是申请的必须要求，而校长的推荐信是不必要的申请要求。故选D项。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段开头“The Honors Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (HPBMB) is offered to mature high school seniors with strong academic ability and achievement who seek careers in biological or biomedical science. (生物化学与分子生物学（HPBMB）荣誉课程面向具有较强学术能力和成就，寻求生物或生物医学领域职业发展的成熟高中高年级学生。)”可知，本文写作目的是为了吸引优秀的高中毕业生申请荣誉课程。故选C项。 (C) Picture perfect: Is there such thing as a classic? The “Mona Lisa” is probably the most recognizable female face in the world. Every day around 20.000 people visit and view Leonardo da Vinci’s painting in the Louvre. Yet it became famous not because of an engaging semi-smile, but a thief. Until a worker stole the masterpiece in 1911, it was still mostly unknown; viewers flooded in to see what a French newspaper called “an enormous, horrific, huge void”. Classics of art, literature and music are supposed to carry some mysterious appeal that endures across the ages. But as Rochelle Gurstein, a historian, writes in a new book Written in Water, the “timeless classic” is anything but. “What I believed was written in stone was actually written in water,” she argues. Classics come and go. The rise and fall of classics is not just a matter of changing tastes; art itself has changed. Artists used to strive to express ideal forms of beauty. Genius was the “child of imitation”, explained Joshua Reynolds, a British portraitist in the 18th century. Artists learned by studying and imitating classical masterpieces, often Roman copies of Greek sculptures. The writing of art history has also changed tastes. In the 16th century Giorgio Vasari, an Italian painter, advanced an influential expression of artistic progress that was achieved in the realism of Raphael and Michelangelo. But in the 19th century John Ruskin, a critic, called attention to the pre-Raphaelite movement when he argued that the real “Old Masters” were actually medieval Christian painters. Seeing today’s desirable contemporary “masterpieces” sold at auction (拍卖) for millions, you are bound to wonder how critics 100 years from now will feel about them. Much as in art, the “classics” of music and literature have not always been set in stone either. Today Johann Sebastian Bach is often regarded as the master of classical music. But after his death in 1750 Bach’s compositions fell out of fashion until Felix Mendelssohn, a German composer, rediscovered them in the 1820s. Ms Gurstein’s perspectives show that the “status of a classic” depends on critics, and is a test to the power of passionate writers to change the way people look at art. Taste evolves, and it should. But true culture lives on only as long as people continue to argue over what counts as a classic today. The true enemy of the classic is not relativism or controversy. It is silence. 42. By citing the example of “Mona Lisa” in Paragraph One, the author intends to? A. introduce her engaging smile in the perfect picture. B. recognize her as the most famous female in the world. C. disclose the unknown thief of the masterpiece in 1911. D. illustrate the fame of a classic can arise from unexpected events. 43. According to Paragraph Three, how did artists in the past view artistic creation? A. They prioritized originality over tradition. B. They rejected Roman and Greek influences. C. They aimed to express their personal emotions. D. They believed in learning by imitating classics. 44. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Relativism and controversy are the main threats to the classics. B. True culture will survive regardless of people’s discussions about classics. C. Silence helps in maintaining the status of classics as it preserves their mystery. D. Classics are shaped by ongoing debate and the influence of critics and passionate writers. 45. The passage is mainly about ______ . A. the rise and fall of classics and the causes. B. great minds and their representative works. C. world-famous art, literature and music classics. D. criticism of a book written by Rochelle Gurstein. 【答案】42. D 43. D 44. D 45. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章探讨经典作品的兴衰，指出其并非永恒不变，受艺术变化、批评家及人们争论等因素影响 。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The ‘Mona Lisa’ is probably the most recognizable female face in the world. Every day around 20,000 people visit and view Leonardo da Vinci’s painting in the Louvre. Yet it became famous not because of an engaging semi-smile, but a thief. Until a worker stole the masterpiece in 1911, it was still mostly unknown; viewers flooded in to see what a French newspaper called “an enormous, horrific, huge void”.(《蒙娜丽莎》可能是世界上最容易辨认的女性面孔。每天大约有两万人在卢浮宫参观列奥纳多・达・芬奇的这幅画。然而，它出名不是因为迷人的半微笑，而是因为一个小偷。直到1911年一名工人偷走了这幅杰作，它在很大程度上仍然不为人知；观众们涌入博物馆，想看看一家法国报纸所称的“一个巨大、可怕、巨大的空白处”。)”可知，《蒙娜丽莎》是因为被偷才出名的，这是一个意外事件。作者引用《蒙娜丽莎》的例子是为了说明经典作品的名声可能来自意想不到的事件。故选D项。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Artists used to strive to express ideal forms of beauty. Genius was the ‘child of imitation’, explained Joshua Reynolds, a British portraitist in the 18th century. Artists learned by studying and imitating classical masterpieces, often Roman copies of Greek sculptures.(艺术家过去常常努力表达理想的美。18世纪的英国肖像画家约书亚・雷诺兹解释说，天才是“模仿的产物”。艺术家们通过研究和模仿经典杰作来学习，这些杰作通常是希腊雕塑的罗马复制品。)”可知，过去的艺术家认为艺术创作要通过模仿经典来学习。故选D项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ms Gurstein’s perspectives show that the “status of a classic” depends on critics, and is a test to the power of passionate writers to change the way people look at art. Taste evolves, and it should. But true culture lives on only as long as people continue to argue over what counts as a classic today. The true enemy of the classic is not relativism or controversy. It is silence..(古斯坦女士的观点表明，“经典的地位” 取决于批评家，也是对热情的作家改变人们看待艺术方式的能力的一种考验。品味在演变，而且应该演变。但只有当人们继续争论今天什么才算经典时，真正的文化才会延续下去。经典的真正敌人不是相对主义或争议。而是沉默。)”可知，经典是由持续的争论以及批评家和热情的作家的影响所塑造的。故选D项。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段以《蒙娜丽莎》为例引出经典的名声可能来自意外事件；第二段指出经典不是永恒不变的；第三段说明艺术本身的变化对经典兴衰的影响；第四段提到艺术史的书写也改变了品味；第五段以巴赫的作品为例说明音乐和文学的经典也不是一成不变的；最后一段强调经典的地位取决于批评家以及持续的争论。所以整篇文章主要讲了经典的兴衰以及原因。故选A项。 Section C 4% Directions : Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once . Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Everybody knows the importance of drinking enough water. As we all know, drinking water benefits your skin, muscles and organs. It also helps prevent certain diseases and improve your mood. The major reason for that is related to human biological needs. When you’re a baby, you’re 75 percent water. Then, as the years get higher, you get drier.____46____It helps you lose weight, according to a study from the University of Birmingham. The researchers found that drinking 500 ml of water thirty minutes before a meal helped participants lose 10 more pounds than those who did not.____47____All participants were advised to improve their diet and physical activity levels. 84 overweight adults were involved. Among them 41 were told to “preload” with water, while 43 were told to control their water intake before eating. After 12 weeks, the participants instructed to “preload” with water lost 2.87 pounds more than those in the control group on average. In addition, the participants preloading with water before each of their three main meals every day lost 9.48 pounds over the 12 weeks.____48____ Dr Helen Parretti, a lecturer at the University of Birmingham, had this to say of the study： ____49____Just drinking 500 ml of water three times a day, before your main meals may help reduce your weight and this could be an easy way for weight loss. Furthermore, it can be significant for an individual to lose extra weight, making a potential contribution to public health. A. Another reason to drink water is right here. B. The study began with a weight management consultation. C. The beauty of these findings is that losing weight is simple. D. But not everyone can get access to tap water in some areas. E. In contrast, those preloading once a day or never, lost just 1.76 pounds. F. So kids should drink more water instead of coke to keep healthy. 【答案】46. A 47. B 48. E 49. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文先讲喝水对身体的益处，再介绍伯明翰大学研究，表明饭前喝水有助于减重，还提及不同喝水频率的减重差异，凸显其简便性。 【46题详解】 由上文“Everybody knows the importance of drinking enough water. (每个人都知道喝足够水的重要性)”、“The major reason for that is related to human biological needs.(主要原因与人类的生理需求有关)”和下文“It helps you lose weight, according to a study from the University of Birmingham.(伯明翰大学的一项研究表明，喝水有助于减肥)”可知，空格处需引出喝水的“另一个原因”。A项“Another reason to drink water is right here.(喝水的另一个原因就在这里)”符合语境，“Another reason”承接前文“major reason”，引出下文“喝水助减肥”的新理由，“right here”指代下文的研究结论，承上启下。故选A项。 【47题详解】 由上文“The researchers found that drinking 500 ml of water thirty minutes before a meal helped participants lose 10 more pounds than those who did not.(研究人员发现，饭前30分钟喝500毫升水的参与者比不喝的人多减重10磅)”和下文“All participants were advised to improve their diet and physical activity levels. 84 overweight adults were involved.(所有参与者都被建议改善饮食和体育活动水平。研究涉及84名超重成年人)”可知，空格处需补充研究的背景信息。B项“The study began with a weight management consultation.(该研究始于一次体重管理咨询)”符合语境，“The study”指代上文伯明翰大学的研究，“began with a weight management consultation”补充了研究的起始环节，衔接下文对参与者的要求和数量介绍，使研究描述更完整。故选B项。 【48题详解】 由上文“After 12 weeks, the participants instructed to “preload” with water lost 2.87 pounds more than those in the control group on average. In addition, the participants preloading with water before each of their three main meals every day lost 9.48 pounds over the 12 weeks.(12 周后，被要求“提前喝水”的参与者比对照组平均多减重2.87磅。此外，每天三顿正餐前都提前喝水的参与者在12周内减重9.48磅)”可知，空格处需通过对比体现“不同喝水频率”的减重差异。E项“In contrast, those preloading once a day or never, lost just 1.76 pounds.(相比之下，那些每天只提前喝一次水或从不提前喝水的人，只减重了1.76 磅)”符合语境，“In contrast”表对比，“those preloading once a day or never”与上文“preloading with water before each of their three main meals”形成频率对比，“lost just 1.76 pounds”突出“高频提前喝水”的减重效果更显著，逻辑连贯。故选E项。 【49题详解】 由下文“Just drinking 500 ml of water three times a day, before your main meals may help reduce your weight and this could be an easy way for weight loss.(每天三顿正餐前喝500毫升水，可能有助于减重，这是一种简单的减肥方法)”可知，空格处需总结研究发现的“简便性”。C项“The beauty of these findings is that losing weight is simple.(这些发现的美妙之处在于，减肥其实很简单)”符合语境，“these findings”指代上文研究结果，“losing weight is simple”直接呼应下文“an easy way for weight loss”，引出“饭前喝水减肥”的简便性，衔接自然。故选C项。 IV. Blank Filling 10% Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given words or conjunctions to make the sentences logical. 50. ________________ (drive) by a strong sense of responsibility, people explore and do not give up.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Driven 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在强烈责任感的驱使下，人们不断探索，永不放弃。句中谓语是explore and do，空格处用非谓语动词，由by以及句意可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Driven。 51. By the time he died at the age of 98, he ________________ (conduct) a great deal of research to explore the impact of this phenomenon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had conducted 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：到他98岁去世时，他已经进行了大量研究来探索这一现象的影响。主句动作conduct“实施”发生在died之前，表示“过去的过去”，时态需用过去完成时，故填had conducted。 52. We ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early, thus ________________ (catch) the early flight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】catching 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们提前订了出租车，还起得很早，因此赶上了早班飞机。分析句子结构可知，此空考查非谓语动词，catch与逻辑主语We之间是主动关系，再由语境可知，这里应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填catching。 53. My suggestion is that the problem ________________ (discuss) at the meeting as soon as possible. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 (should) be discussed 【解析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：我的建议是这个问题应该尽快在会议上讨论。分析句子结构可知，“suggestion(建议)”后接表语从句时，从句需用虚拟语气，其结构为“(should) + 动词原形”，其中should可省略。再结合语义，the problem与discuss之间是被动关系，因此需用被动语态(should) be discussed。故填 (should) be discussed。 54. It is said that David threatened ________________ (report) his neighbour if the damages were not paid. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to report 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式。句意：据说如果不赔偿损失，大卫威胁要举报他的邻居。“threaten to do sth.”是固定短语，意为“威胁要做某事”。 故填to report。 55. ________________ you turn a deaf ear to the criticism from the masses, you are sure to commit errors in the work. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】If 【解析】 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：如果你对群众的批评充耳不闻，你肯定会在工作中犯错误。根据句意可知，本句为if引导的条件状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。 故填If。 56. We should consider the students’ request ________ the school library provide more books on popular science. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们应该考虑学生们关于学校图书馆提供更多科普书籍的要求。设空处引导同位语从句，对request的内容进行解释说明，引导词在从句中不作成分，且句意完整，只起到引导作用，所以此处使用that。故填that。 57. The manager decided to assign the job to __________ he believed had a strong sense of duty. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whoever 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：经理决定把这项工作交给任何他认为有强烈责任感的人。“assign the job to...”中to是介词，其后是宾语从句，“___ he believed had a strong sense of duty”中“he believed”是插入语，从句缺少主语，且表示“无论是谁”，所以用whoever引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语。 故填whoever。 58. ________________ has been described above, it’s a general rule that solids expand as the temperature increases and contract when they are cooled. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】As 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如上文所描述的那样，固体受热膨胀、遇冷收缩是一个普遍规律。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填一个关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句“it’s a general rule that solids expand as the temperature increases and contract when they are cooled”的内容，且从句“has been described above”为被动语态，意为“正如上文所描述的”。符合此用法的关系代词是as，as引导此类从句时可译为“正如、就像”，常置于句首，且首字母需大写。故填As。 59. It remains unknown ________________ he will be admitted to Fudan University. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他是否会被复旦大学录取仍然未知。It为形式主语，本空引导主语从句，且表示“是否”，用whether引导。故填whether。 V. Translation 15% Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 60. 众所周知，学习习惯因人而异。(It) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is known to all that learning habits differ/vary from person to person. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。“It is known to all that...”为固定句式，意为“众所周知……” ，it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句 。“学习习惯”表达为“learning habits” ，“因人而异”表达为“differ/vary from person to person” ，本句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故译为It is known to all that learning habits differ/vary from person to person. 61. 我从来没想到在网络上推广产品可以削减成本。(occur) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It never occurred to me that promoting products on the Internet would cut down the cost. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。“It occurs to sb. that...”是固定句型，意为“某人想到……” ，这里表示“从来没想到”，用“never”，且事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，故“occur”变为“occurred” 。“在网络上推广产品”，“推广”用动名词“promoting”作主语，“在网络上”是“on the Internet” 。“削减成本”表达为“cut down the cost” ，根据语境，“削减成本”这件事在“没想到”之后，所以用过去将来时“would + 动词原形” 。故译为It never occurred to me that promoting products on the Internet would cut down the cost. 62. 这些科学家坚持追寻真理，最终在各自的领域取得了巨大成就。（persist）（汉译英） 【答案】These scientists persisted in pursuing the truth and eventually made great achievements in their respective/own fields. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。“这些科学家”是these scientists，“坚持做某事”是persist in doing sth.，“追寻真理”是pursue the truth，“最终”是eventually，“取得巨大成就”是make great achievements，“在各自的领域”是in their respective/own fields，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，persist和make都用过去式，两句话用and连接，因此整句话翻译为“These scientists persisted in pursuing the truth and eventually made great achievements in their respective/own fields”。故答案为These scientists persisted in pursuing the truth and eventually made great achievements in their respective/own fields. 63. 很多人对他们的潜能一无所知，这在一定程度上限制了他们的发展。（ignorant）（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Many people are ignorant of their potential, which limits their development to some/a certain extent /degree. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语、时态和定语从句。表示“很多人”用many people，作主语，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“对……一无所知”用be ignorant of，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，be动词用are；表示“他们的潜能”用their potential，作of的宾语。表示“这在一定程度上限制了他们的发展”可处理为非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句内容，关系词在从句中作主语，指代主句内容，用关系代词which引导该从句，从句中：表示“限制”用limit，主语which指代主句内容，视为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式limits；表示“他们的发展”用their development，作limits的宾语；表示“在一定程度上”用to some/a certain extent /degree，作状语。故翻译为Many people are ignorant of their potential, which limits their development to some/a certain extent /degree. 64. 人们是否可以保护该地区的珍稀物种免遭灭绝和当地居民的环保意识有很大关系。(difference) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The local residents’ environmental awareness makes a big/ great difference to whether people can protect the rare species in this area from extinction/ becoming extinct. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和从句。陈述客观事实，为一般现在时，“当地居民的环保意识”为“The local residents’ environmental awareness” 作主语。“……有很大关系”用“make a big/great difference to...”，其中to是介词 。“人们是否可以保护……免遭……”，“是否”用“whether”引导宾语从句，作to的宾语 ；“保护……免遭……”表达为“protect...from...”，“from”是介词，后可接名词“extinction（灭绝）”或动名词“becoming extinct”作宾语 ；“珍稀物种”是“rare species” ；故填The local residents’ environmental awareness makes a big/ great difference to whether people can protect the rare species in this area from extinction/ becoming extinct. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $