Unit 2 词汇讲解课件-高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

该高中英语课件聚焦persuade、switch、distant等核心词汇，从释义、搭配、词源到拓展系统讲解，通过“看图猜词”“词汇科普”“诗句引用”等导入方式，结合语义网络图、词根分析搭建学习支架，衔接基础用法与深层拓展。 其亮点在于融合语言能力（即学即练巩固搭配）、思维品质（语义网络构建联系）、学习能力（词根词缀培养方法），如persuade多结构练习、distant同根词拓展，助力学生系统掌握词汇，教师可高效开展教学提升课堂质量。

词 汇 讲 解 选择性必修一 Unit 2 Looking into the future 1 重难点词 精讲 distant & constant & instant 词根 一词多义 secure & security 一词多义 形容词动词化 persuade 一词多义 搭配义 switch 英语释义 搭配义 critical 一词多义 potential & potentially 熟词生义 available 英语释义 command 一词多义 nov词根 1. persuade 生活中有的时候我们不得不试图说服别人。比如，你可能要说服朋友一起去看你最喜欢的电影，或是说服父母给你买某样东西。劝说是一门艺术，需要的不仅仅是口若悬河。你认为应该如何劝说别人呢？ We can’t force someone to do what they don’t want. The art of persuasion is to get them to want what you want.  说服；劝服 (talk into)： As a consumer, she is always easily persuaded by limited-time offers. persuade sb to do sth: The saleswoman persuaded me to buy the more expensive model. persuade sb into (doing) sth: He persuaded me into applying for the job at his company. persuade sb out of (doing) sth: The police persuaded the man out of jumping off the building. persuade vt 注：表示“劝说”，但不一定“劝服”时，用 try to persuade。 She would try to persuade local business leaders to contribute money to the cause. 2017 北京改  使相信；使信服 (convince)： persuade sb of sth: He became persuaded of her sincerity after their long conversation. persuade sb + that 从句: We persuaded the client that our approach was the most cost-effective. persuade sb 后接that从句，sb不能省略 persuade vt 【词汇拓展】 persuasion n [U] 说服 It took a lot of persuasion to get him to change his mind. persuasive adj 有说服力的 She has a warm and persuasive manner that puts people at ease. 1. I persuaded my sister __________ (study) abroad next year. 2. She tried _____________ (persuade) me out of my decision to quit the job. 3. He tried to persuade his parents _________ (buy) him a new bike, but he failed. 4. She tried to persuade me into ________ (make) my decision to accept the job. 5. The lawyer’s closing argument was so ____________ (persuade) that the jury reached a verdict in under an hour. 6. As a sales manager, she is incredibly ____________ (persuade); she can convince anyone to buy her products. 7. After much ____________ (persuade), I finally talked my friend into joining the gym with me. 即学即练 to study to persuade to buy making persuasive persuasive persuasion persuade talk into convince 说服；劝服 使相信；使信服 程度递进 persuade 语义网络图 开灯、关灯你会表达吗？ 开灯 __________________ the light 关灯 __________________ the light turn on turn off 开、关电视如何表达？ 开电视 __________________ the TV 关电视 __________________ the TV turn on turn off 词汇科普：早期的电器的开关钮其实是旋转开关,多用turn,而现在都是平面开关，多用switch。 2. switch / switch on / switch off / switch on / switch off n [C]  开关；电闸： The child is old enough to turn on / off the light switch himself.  骤变；突变 vt & vi  改变；转变 to change from one thing to another： He switched the conversation from one subject to another.  交换；调换 to exchange one thing for another： The twins often switch places with each other to play tricks on their teachers. 强调“变”，重在change，常和 from, to 搭配 强调“换”，重在exchange sth for sth else switch 名词动词化 switch off 关上（电灯、电视等）；[非正式用语] 不听；不理睬： Have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer? 人教新选必① – 2 The device will automatically switch off after 10 minutes of inactivity. The lecture was so boring that I just switched off (走神) after the first ten minutes. switch on 打开（电灯、电视等）： It’s getting dark. Could you switch on the light, please? switch over 改变；转换： We’ve switched over to streaming (流媒体) services; we don’t have cable TV anymore. 同义异构：turn on 同义异构：turn off switch 语义网络图 n 开关 （基本义） 强调“变” v 扳动开关 名词动化 由开到关，由关到开，状态瞬间发生彻底改变 由具象到抽象 switch 强调“换” 骤变；突变 改变；转变 交换；调换 3. distant adj. So the furthest distance in the world is not in two distant trees. It is the same rooted branches but can’t depend on each other in the wind. 所以世界上最远的距离 不是树与树的距离 而是同根生长的树枝 却无法在风中相依 ——出自《世界上最遥远的距离》 拉宾德拉纳特·泰戈尔(Rabindranath Tagore，1861 — 1941)，印度诗人、文学家。代表作有《飞鸟集》(Stray Birds)、《新月集》(The Crescent Moon) 等。 di-（= dis-, apart 分离）+ st（to stand 站立）+ -ant（形容词后缀）→ 分开站立的 → 遥远的（基本义） 同根词：  constant: con-（表示强调）+ st（to stand 站立）+ -ant（形容词后缀）→ 始终站立的 → 不变的  instant: in-（into 进入）+ st（to stand 站立）+ -ant（形容词后缀）→ 站在附近的，紧急待命的 → 立即的 ➊ 遥远的；远处的；久远的： The pain of that failure is now a distant memory, and I’m ready to try again. These rocks proved that at one time in the distant past the Antarctic was covered by plants. ❷ 疏远的；冷淡的： There was a cold and distant look in his eyes that I had never seen before. ❸ [只用于名词前] 远亲的 反 close： She’s not my sister; she’s just a distant cousin / relative from my mother’s side. distant adj distant 语义网络图 distant “遥远的” 基本义 人和人之间关系“遥远的” 亲戚关系 / 血缘关系“遥远的” 距离、时间 “遥远的” 远亲的 遥远的；远处的；久远的 疏远的；冷淡的 4. secure 我们平时坐地铁或火车时，都需要过安检。那么“安检”一词怎么表达呢？  安心的；有把握的： She felt secure when she was with her family.  安全的 (safe)；稳妥的；可靠的： a secure job / income  牢固的；坚固的；稳固的： Check that all windows and doors are secure. Keep your passport in a secure place. secure adj se- (without 没有) + cure (to care 关心) → 不需要关心的 → 安心的 安心的 secure （基本义） 安心的；有把握的 事情使人感到“安心的” 人对境况感到“安心的” 牢固的；坚固的；稳固的 secure语义网络图 物体处于固定状态让人感到“安心的” 安全的；稳妥的；可靠的  使安全；保卫；获得： Worrying about community safety, I prefer to secure my house with new technology. 2013 广东  使……固定： He secured the rope firmly between two trees to hang wet towels and clothes after swimming. Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s down with a rock. 2017 全国 vt 形容词动词化 secure 动词释义来源于形容词，其词源义及基本义为 “to make safe”，即“使安全”。 太阳能蒸馏器 冷凝 植物(总称) security n  [U] 安全： A strong family bond provides children with an essential sense of security.  [U] 安全工作；保安措施： There is an ongoing debate about the use of facial recognition technology in public security cameras. You have to stay away from the painting for security reasons. 2012 重庆改  [U] 担保；保障；[U] & [C] 抵押品： Losing his job suddenly threatened his family’s financial security. 看图 猜词 security check 安检 security guard 保安人员 adj［常用于名词前］立刻的；马上的 (immediate)；即食的： WeChat is an indispensable instant messenger for daily life and work in China. In a crisis, people need an instant reply. Which do you want to have, instant coffee or noodles? n [C]［常用单数］瞬间；片刻 (moment)： She hesitated for an instant before answering the difficult question. With modern food delivery apps, a hot meal can be at your door in an instant. the instant (that) 一……就： The instant (= As soon as) she stopped asking questions, I got up and went out of the room. instantly adv 立即；马上 (immediately) 5. instant 6. command com- (completely 完全) + mand (命令) → 命令 command vt  指挥；命令： In the chaotic meeting, the chairwoman pounded the gavel and commanded silence. ① command sb to do sth: The judge commanded the witness to answer the question. ② command + that ... (should) do sth: My boss commanded that I (should) prepare a report immediately.  获得；赢得： Large football clubs benefit financially from TV income and the top players can command very large salaries. 2011 江西 command n  [C] 命令 an order that should be obeyed： Without question, a soldier should obey commands from superior officers.  [U] 指挥；控制 the control of a group of people or a situation： The meeting was going nowhere until Sarah took command of the conversation. The captain and the entire crew under his command faced the storm bravely.  [U]［常用单数］（尤指对语言的）掌握；运用能力 the knowledge of sth or ability to use sth, especially a language： I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher. 2015 陕西书面表达  [C]（计算机的）指令 【词汇拓展】 commander n [C] 司令官；指挥官；海军中校 7. constant adj  固定的；不变的： This smart thermostat is designed to keep your home at a constant temperature. The chemical reaction must be maintained at a constant temperature. ［常用于名词前］不停的；连续不断的；持续的： A constant dropping wears away a stone. (水滴石穿) The victims of the severe car crash all needed constant medical attention due to their critical injuries. 【词汇拓展】 constantly adv 经常地；不断地 My neighbor’s dog constantly barks, which drives me crazy. crit (to judge 判断) + -ic (名词后缀) + -al (形容词后缀) → 爱作判断的 → 批判的；挑剔的 critical adj  批判的； 挑剔的： Students are encouraged to develop critical thinking instead of accepting everything they are told without questioning it.  严重的；危急的： Smart toilets will warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical illness. 人教新选必① – 2  紧要的；关键的 extremely important： The first 24 hours after the operation are the most critical. These peaceful talks are critical to the future of the dispute process. 8. critical 【温故知新】 criticize v. 批评、指责 Many people criticize the government’s new policy as being unfair. criticism n. 批评、指责 I hope you can take this as constructive criticism meant to help you improve. critic n. 批评家、评论员 He has been a vocal critic of the government’s education policy for years. critically adv. 严重地、很大程度上 The earthquake victim was critically injured and rushed into emergency surgery. 你不能选择你的潜能，但你可以选择去发挥潜能。 ——西奥多·罗斯福 9. potential 西奥多·罗斯福（Theodore Roosevelt，1858—1919），人称老罗斯福，荷兰裔美国军事家、政治家、外交家 ，第 26任美国总统，是美国历史上最年轻的在任总统。罗斯福因成功地调停了日俄战争，获得1906年的诺贝尔和平奖。他是第一个获得此奖项的美国人。 adj［只用于名词前］可能的 (possible)；潜在的 likely to become a particular type of person or thing in the future： The coastal city faces a potential disaster if the hurricane changes course. We use social media to reach a broader audience of potential resources / customers. n [U] 潜能；可能性： Have you achieved / fulfilled / reached your (full) potential? Without more funding, the project does not have the potential to succeed. potentially adv 潜在地；可能地 The dark clouds potentially indicate a coming storm. potential 10. available 看图 猜释义 available adj  可用的；可得到的 able to be used or can easily be bought or found：  [不用于名词前]（人）有空的 (of a person) free to be seen, talked to, etc.： There are no rooms available for tonight; the hotel is fully booked. With all the information available, we decided to invest in the new project. In the 1940s, electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States. 2011 安徽改 There will be four basketball courts available for our use with one teacher watching over each game. 2010 福建 I would have gone to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available. 2013 安徽 availability n [U] 可获得性；可用 / 得到的人或物 词汇拓展 汉语中很难找到精准的词对应，需借助英语释义来理解 重难点词 精讲 occupation 辨析义 emphasis 搭配义 absence 搭配义 resist & resistance predict & prediction 搭配义 combine 一词多义 一词多义 正式用语与非正式用语 nov词根 prospect 一词多义 combine v  vi & vt（使）结合；（使）组合： The success of our new product proves that theory must be combined with practice. The idea of garden city was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement. 2011 江西改 11. combine词源解读 com- (together 一起) + bine (two by two 二) 基本义是“使两者合在一起”。  vi & vt（使）化合；（使）混合： As we all know, steel is produced by combining iron with carbon. combine既可以指物理属性发生变化的化合又可指物理属性未发生变化的混合。 combine语义网络图 combine 合在一起 （基本义） （使）化合； （使）混合 （使）结合； （使）组合 （使）抽象的事物“合在一起” （使）具体的物质“合在一起” 兼备 把两件或以上的事“合在一起” 把两个或多个特点“合在一起” 兼顾  vt 兼备；兼顾： His teaching method combines traditional techniques and modern technology. Like her mother Marie Curie, Irene combined family and career. 【词汇拓展】 combination n [C] 结合（体）；联合（体）；混合 12. predict pre-（before 前、先）+ dict（to say 说）→ 事先说 → 预言 同根词：  indicate: in-（towards 对）+ dic（to say 说）+ -ate（动词后缀）→ 针对某事说清楚 → 指示；指出  dictionary: dict（to say 说）+ -ion（名词后缀：表示行为） + -ary（名词后缀：……之物）→ 说话或措辞用书 → 词典 vt & 预言；预计 (forecast)： It’s hard to predict tomorrow’s weather exactly. ① predict + (that) / wh- 从句: Population experts predict a significant aging of the population in many countries. It’s hard to predict the long-term effects of this new policy on society. ② it is predicted + that 从句: It was predicted that AI will transform many industries in the next decade. predictable adj 可预见的；可预料的 prediction n [C] & [U] 预言；预测： It’s difficult to make accurate predictions about the effects on the environment. 人教新选必① – 2 13. occupation (n.) 提到职业，你能想到哪些单词？job,work,career, occupation … 都有什么区别？  [U] 占领；居住： a country under occupation the wildlife in occupation of the island  [C] 工作；职业： What do you imagine will be your future occupation? occupation 指某人通常从事的“工作”“职业”，是正式用语，常用于正式文体或表格中。 The applicant is required to state his name, age, and occupation on the form. work 尤指目的是挣钱的工作、职业。 Though I had a lot of experience, I could not find satisfying work. career 指生涯、职业。 She fully intends to continue her sporting career once she has recovered from her injuries. profession指需要专门技能（尤其是较高教育水平）的职业、专业。 When he graduated from college, he wanted to enter the medical profession. trade指行业，尤指手工职业、工艺、行当。 A skilled trade can offer secure（稳定的）employment, even in the worst economic times. job指工作、职位，是可数名词。 In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well. 析 辨 14. absence 缺课 absence of school 看图猜词 心不在焉 absence of mind absence n 反义词 presence  [C] & [U] 缺席；不在： He was eager to be back after more than a week’s absence from school.  [U] 缺乏： Her absence of mind during driving nearly caused an accident. in / during sb’s absence 在某人不在时： In his absence I looked to see what was on his desk. in the absence of 在缺乏……的情况下： In the absence of gray wolves, the deer population grew quickly. 2017 全国改 15. emphasis n [C] & [U] (pl emphases) (stress)  强调；重视： They put emphasis on quality rather than on quantity.  重读；重音；加重语气： The emphasis should be on the first syllable. She said with emphasis that he was innocent. emphasize / emphasise vt 强调；着重；重读 (stress)： I’d just like to emphasize how important it is for people to learn foreign languages. emphasize the third word prospect n  [U] 可能性；预期；设想： She was overjoyed at the prospect of visiting Paris.  [C]［用复数］前景；前途： job / career prospects  [C] ［正式用语］视野；景色： a delightful prospect of the lake pro- (forward 向前) + spect (look at 看) → 向前看到的事物（基本义） 词源解读 16. prospect 向前看到的事物 （基本义） prospect 可能性；预期；设想 前景；前途 向前看到的未来成就 向前看到的某事发生的可能性 prospect 语义网络图 视野；景色 向前看到的景色 spect 词根记词汇 expect v 预料；期望 ex- 向外 + (s)pect → 向外看 → 预料；期望 respect v 尊重；尊敬 re- 回 + spect → 回头再看 → 尊重；尊敬 suspect v 怀疑 sus- 由下往上 + spect → 由下往上看 → 怀疑 inspect v 仔细检查；视察；检阅 in- 入 + spect → 进入仔细看 → 仔细检查；视察；检阅 prospect n 可能性；前景；景色 pro- 向前 + spect → 向前看到的事物 → 可能性；前景；景色 aspect n 方面；外观 a- 去 + spect → 去看（到的事物）→ 方面；外观 spect 看 (look at) resist vt & vi  抵抗： resist an enemy attack  抗拒 (oppose)： I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it. 人教新选必① – 2 resist doing sth: The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates. re- (against 反对) + sist (to stand 站) → 站在反方向上 → 抵抗 “抵抗”人 “抵抗”物 17. resist 词源解读 ［常用于否定句］忍住；抵制： I can’t resist the temptation. I finished the cake. I couldn’t resist it. resist doing sth: He found it hard to resist buying these books. 词汇拓展 resistance n [U] 反抗；抵制： There has been a lot of resistance to tax increases. “抵抗”诱惑等 正式用语与非正式用语 Informal / Neutral（中性的） Formal / Written 获得学位 get a degree _________ a degree 承认错误 admit / accept mistakes _________ errors 许多女性 many women _________ females 停止生产 stop production _________ production 因此 for this reason / thus _________ 然而 however _________ 支持……的使用 support the use of _________ the use of 作为……的结果 as a result of _________ 根据所给提示完成表格。 obtain acknowledge numerous cease therefore / hence nevertheless advocate as a consequence of / in consequence of 词根 前缀 / 后缀 单词 派生词   nov   in-（向里）; -ate（使成为） innovate v innovative adj innovation n innovator n -el novel n novelist（小说家）n novel adj novelty n re-; -ate renovate v renovation n 词根 nov 词根nov意为“新的”，由该词根构成的词大多含有此义。 谢 谢 观 赏 $