精品解析：上海交通大学附属中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题

交大附中2024-2025学年度第一学期高二英语期中考试卷 (满分150分，130分钟完成，答案一律写在网上阅卷答题纸上) Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension (25’) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a hospital. B. At a sports shop. C. At a gym. D. At a cafe. 2. A. No train going to her village is in operation now. B. A car crash caused the cancellation of all trains. C. It is her turn to be on night shift in the office. D. She failed to catch the train back to the village in time. 3. A. Jason’s view on global warming was of great importance. B. Jason’s article on global warming was well-written. C. Jason shouldn’t have been so critical of global warming. D. Jason’s article leaves no room for further discussion. 4. A. Give up on the project. B. Book a weekend trip to a resort. C. Go for an outdoor activity. D. Work on something less stressful. 5. A. Puzzled. B. Annoyed. C. Excited. D. Scared. 6. A. Customer and server. B. Manager and employee. C. Chef and assistant. D. Accountant and cashier. 7. A. A meeting of two friends has been arranged. B. A most surprising coincidence has occurred. C. A small neighborhood has seen great changes. D. The unbelievable incident happened a long time ago. 8. A. Dan’s office is holding a late-night party. B. Dan often goes to the pub after late shift. C. Dan is unhappy about having to work tonight. D. Dan doesn’t mind doing the late shift. 9. A. Bob’s is the wrong place to taste real Greek food. B. Salt & Pepper is designed to trick tourists. C. It is difficult to cook tasty Greek food. D. Food tasting is an important part of the tour. 10. A. He regretted not preparing well for the interview. B. He didn’t have the right qualifications for the job. C. He was angry about being insulted at the job interview. D. He should have been considered for the job. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one conversation. You will be asked three questions on each of the passages and four questions for the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A.24,000. B. 2500. C. 35,000. D. 49,000. 12. A. iTrash is capable of recycling half of household waste in Taiwan. B. iTrash is aimed to take waste treatment in Taiwan to a new level. C. Household garbage is banned from being thrown into the iTrash. D. iTrash is a smart machine that recycles garbage automatically. 13. A. People are awarded money as stimulus for recyclable items. B. People are given a free public transportation smartcard. C. People are encouraged to recycle around the clock. D. People are entitled to credits which can later be cashed in. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Recording how long the snow lasts. B. Spotting where the snow is the thickest. C. Hunting the snow that hasn’t melted yet. D. Tracking the snow that remains unpolluted. 15. A. He earns extra money by snow hunting. B. He wants to help battle climate change. C. He considers it a good form of exercise. D. He is fascinated at the sight of snow melting. 16. A. Since 2000, snow melting has occurred three times faster than since 1840. B. Snow first disappeared from the whole of Scotland’s mountains in 1840. C. Half of the recorded snow melting has happened in the past 20 years or so. D. Records of snow-hunting didn’t come into being until the end of 20th century. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. It contains rare minerals and salts. B. It boasts certain health benefits. C. The brand is most advertised on TV. D. It has a wide range of prices. 18. A. Taste tests run by the manufacturers. B. A campaign launched by Green Life. C. Advertisements paid for by the manufacturers. D. Advertisers who prefer top brands of bottled water. 19. A. It is beneficial to health. B. It is more popular than Cola. C. It is enriched with minerals. D. It is safer to drink than bottled water. 20. A. Jack is convinced that bottled water is not necessarily better. B. Jack refuses to believe that bottled water is less superior in taste. C. Jack is still doubtful whether he should stop buying bottled water. D. Jack is concerned that the bottled water will cause plastic pollution. Ⅱ. Vocabulary Section A (15’) Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 1. The Carteret Islands consist of low-lying islands, in a horseshoe shape ______ 30 km in the north-south direction. A. steaking B. sticking C. stretching D. striking 2. *The appropriation of resources is simultaneously ______ and political because it can be discharged only when each takes it upon herself or himself and only when it is accomplished together with others. A. ethical B. ethnic C. existential D. exponential 3. *Pets may be able to help ______ off this destructive effect by dampening stress through companionship and the facilitation of social connection with others. A. wake B. wane C. ward D. wear 4. Most businesses pay great attention to customers’ shopping experience as they want to maintain the ______ value of a good reputation. A. intangible B. intellectual C. intelligible D. interchangeable 5. This concept does not imply that business is benevolent or that consumer satisfaction is given ______ over profit in a company. A. praise B. preoccupation C. priority D. procedure 6. He decided to ______ himself to the music, letting the rhythm guide his every move on the dance floor. A. abandon B. engage C. indulge D. overflow 7. When referring to the rescue, one survivor of the flood mentioned the kindness from the total strangers, emphasizing that people were helping each other without ______. A. conservation B. observation C. preservation D. reservation 8. At the press conference, the medalist admitted: “The biggest challenge was overcoming the ______ to give up after losing a match. I had to constantly convince myself to keep going.” A. depression B. frustration C. motivation D. urge 9. Each of the products showcases the number of bottles or wastes reused in its creation, and consumers can scan a code to ______ the carbon footprint reduction enabled by their purchase. A. appreciate B. predict C. spot D. visualize 10. Tens of millions of viewers ______ in for a livestream on JD. com on Tuesday to see whether they could tell the artificial intelligence avatar from the real CEO Liu Qiangdong. A checked B. switched C. tuned D. turned 11. The muscles in her left leg ______ after she applied the ice, which helped to reduce the swelling. A. contacted B. contented C. contracted D. contrasted 12. The judge noted that minors, senior citizens, and full-time mothers were the three types of people most likely to ______ victim to such crimes, adding that more attention should be paid to educating people in these three categories. A. be B. fall C. suffer D. turn 13. The shopping mall has collaborated with Shanghai Roots and Shoots to launch waste ______ workshops, themed markets, and color therapy workshops for special needs children. Part of the market proceeds were donated to special needs education institutions. A. transformation B. transition C. translation D. transportation 14. As a ______ product, the arrival of Xiaomi SU7, on the one hand, proves that there is a huge consumer potential in the market; on the other hand, it also made the EV market more intensified, said analysts. A genuine B. miserable C. optimistic D. phenomenal 15. After the argument, he was ______ with guilt for having spoken so harshly to his friend. A. consumed B. rewarded C. threatened D. tricked Section B (20’) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. (A) Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. boasts B. domestic C. dreams D. emerging E. entry F. established G. generating H. marketing I. overseas J. representative K. well-developed Promoting Chinese styles in Italy NANJING-As a Chinese businessman living in Italy, Xu Xudong has become a fashionista (时尚达人). But, the 42-year-old ___16___ bigger. He wants to act as a bridge between China and Italy. Xu is the chairman of an Italy-based Chinese entrepreneur association. His firm is mainly involved in brand ___17___ and management in the fields of fashion clothing. It helps Chinese fashion brands go global and facilitates ___18___ of brands from Europe into China. Xu went to Italy with his parents 25 years ago, when many locals were taking advantage of China’s reform and opening-up to go abroad and start businesses. He was deeply amazed by Italy’s ___19___ clothing market. “I made up my mind to help Chinese clothing brands enter the Italian market,” he says. When Xu returned to China in 2006, looking to start a business, he found that the ___20___ clothing brands were innovating and new ones were appearing, ready to make their mark on the international stage. Years later, Xu set up his company in Changshu, home to more than 5,000 clothing enterprises. The city ___21___ a huge clothing market and a complete production and supply chain. In 2013, he cooperated with Changshu’s local brand Bosideng for promotion ___22___. His company used commercial strategies, like advertising and runway shows, to build a reputation for the Chinese brand’s cost-effectiveness in the high-end market of countries such as Italy. Today, Bosideng sells to more than 70 countries and regions. “You can see more Chinese elements ___23___ in the Italian fashion industry.” says Xu. In 2019, Xu was invited as a(an) ___24___ to a governmental negotiation during which a sister city relationship was first ___25___ between Changshu and Italy’s Taranto. “It is my mission to take more Chinese styles to Italy and meanwhile increase the charm of Italian fashion in China.” Xu says. *(B) Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. backed B. challenge C. hinted D. implement E. influenced F. plague G. pushes H. side I. singles J. substantial K. universal The fifth largest city in the US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy 1.5 cents per liquid ounce on distributors. Philadelphia’s new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the county. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win ___26___ support outside super-liberal areas. Until now, the only city to successfully pass and ___27___ a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in 2014. The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with added sugar, such as Gatorade and iced teas. It is expected to raise $410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding a ___28___ pre-kindergarten program for the city. While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure, including soda lobbyists made sharp criticisms and a promise to ___29___ the tax in court. “The tax passed today unfairly ___30___ out beverages — including low and no-calorie choices,” said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage Association. “But most importantly, it is against the law. So we will ___31___ with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it.” An industry ___32___ anti-tax campaign has spent at least $4 million on advertisements. The ads criticized the measure, characterizing it as a “grocery tax”. Public health groups applauded the approved tax as a step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that ___33___ Americans. “The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that ___34___ a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure be inspirational to many other places,” said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food America. “Indeed, we are already hearing from some of them. It’s not just Berkeley anymore.” Similar measures in California’s Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado’s Boulder are becoming hot-button issues. Health advocacy groups have ___35___ that even more might be coming. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Cloze (15’) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Are Screens Bad for Our Bodies? “You’ll get square eyes!” my mother used to say as I sat for hour after hour glued to the TV. I ____36____ her, of course. It was just something parents said. Fast-forward a few decades and now I’m the parent. My 5-year-old lives in a world where screens aren’t ____37____ pieces of furniture, but lie around on the kitchen table, on the sofa, by the bed, constantly accessible. You can’t even avoid them by going outside. “Screens are not only in our pockets, they’re on billboards, buses and bins,” says Tim Smith, a psychologist at Birkbeck, University of London. The concerns have ____38____ with the screens. In the past decade, we have heard that they will rewire our brains, ____39____ us of cognitive abilities and damage our mental health. Many of us feel more distracted by them, feeling grumpier, guiltier and more tired as a result. The list of ills makes square eyes sound ____40____. So should we take these concerns more seriously? Given the amount of time so many of us spend with our lit-up devices, it is a(n) ____41____ question. The trouble is, many of the most emphatic answers are the least ____42____. As the fears grow and the debate becomes ever more heated, it’s time to separate the proven health advice from the hyperbole. Smartphone pinky, tech neck, bone spurs at the back of our skulls: the ailments we are meant to have inflicted on ourselves through excessive phone use all sound terrifying. Hence the headlines ____43____, there is no good evidence that such alarming conditions are caused by our tech habit. Any harm is likely to be far less ____44____. The World Health Organization, for example, recommends limiting screentime as a way of tackling obesity, voicing _____45_____ health concerns related to screens in particular. What about the effect of staring at small, bright screens on our eyesight? In the past few years, more children in the UK have been _____46_____ glasses, says Max Davie at the Royal College of Pediatrics and Child Health in London. This has led some to claim that phones and tablets are to blame. But Davie thinks the _____47_____ has more to do with aggressive management of existing conditions. “At the moment, we don’t have sufficient evidence for a causal link,” he says. One thing that does appear to be _____48_____ is sleep. Studies have shown that people who are given a book to read in bed find it harder to go to sleep if they read it on a screen rather than on paper. This is probably because of the blue light that most screens emit, which throws off our circadian rhythm and tricks us into thinking it is daytime. Of course, most of us who look at our phones last thing at night aren’t reading a book. Much sleep disruption is related to mental _____49_____: waiting for the next notification, say, or scrolling through _____50_____ news feeds. Insufficient or disrupted sleep has been linked to increased risk for all manner of health problems, including depression and other mental health concerns. “If there are any recommendations to be adopted, not using screens in the hour before bed seems to be the one with the greatest support,” says Smith. 36. A. followed B. wept C. ignored D. clarified 37. A. fixed B. wired C. plugged D. exposed 38. A. updated B. identified C. associated D. multiplied 39. A. comprise B. strip C. compromise D. destroy 40. A. intense B. nasty C. harmless D. inaccurate 41. A. important B. foggy C. objective D. constant 42. A. adorable B. consistent C. reliable D. subjective 43. A. In particular B. In truth C. In short D. In general 44. A. anxious B. sympathetic C. symphonic D. spectacular 45. A. no B. many C. prior D. fleeting 46. A. prescribed B. prospected C. presented D. provided 47. A. occurrence B. increase C. disease D. clue 48. A. playing a joke B. playing a role C. taking a hit D. taking a chance 49. A. depression B. concern C. status D. stimulation 50. A. current B. urgent C. endless D. fake Section B (22’) Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) On holiday, many will find themselves in places where they do not speak the language. Once upon a time, they might have carried a phrasebook. The rise of English has made that less necessary. But most people-at least seven of the world’s eight billion-still do not speak English. That leaves options like gestures, or, increasingly, technology. More and more people are using simple, free tools, not only to decode text but also to speak. With these apps’ conversation mode, you talk into a phone and a spoken translation is heard moments later; the app can also listen for another language and produce a translation in yours. You may still get a surprise or two. Google Translate may be the best-known name in machine translation, but it often makes mistakes. Take “my wife is gluten-free (不含谷蛋白的)”, the kind of thing you might say at a restaurant abroad. In French or Italian, Google Translate turns this into “my wife is without gluten”-true to the words rather than the meaning. DeepL, a rival, does better, offering various options, most of them along the correct lines. The best tool may not be a translation app at all. Though not marketed for the purpose, ChatGPT, an AI system that generates prose according to users’ prompts, is multilingual. Rather than entering an exact text to translate, users can tell ChatGPT to “write a message in Spanish to a waiter that we would like the tasting menu, but that my wife is gluten-free, so we want substitutions for anything that has gluten.” And out pops a perfect paragraph, including the way Spanish-speaking actually say “my wife is gluten-free”: mi esposa es celiacata. It is a paraphrase rather than a translation, more like having a native-speaking dinner companion than an automated interpreter. Travel has long been a motivator for study-unless people start to feel AI tools offer a good-enough service. Some are concerned that apps are turning language acquisition into a declining pursuit. Douglas Hofstadter, a multilingualist, has argued that something profound will vanish when people talk through machines. He describes giving a halting, difficult speech in Mandarin, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of accomplishment at the end. Who would boast of taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Everest? Others are less worried. Most people do not move abroad or have the kind of sustained contact with a foreign culture that requires them to put in the work to become fluent. Nor do most people learn languages for the purpose of humanizing themselves or training their brains. On their holiday, they just want a beer and pasta without incident (and sometimes without gluten). 51. What do most people do now if they can’t speak English in foreign places? A. Switch to their own mother languages. B. Refer to the phrasebooks they have carried. C. Turn to technology to get a spoken translation. D. Rely on free tools to communicate through gestures. 52. What advantage does ChatGPT have over translation apps? A. Including conversation mode. B. Providing more instant responses. C. Offering a wider range of languages. D. Producing more accurate translations. 53. The underlined word “halting” (in paragraph 5) most probably refers to ______. A. lasting a short time but containing many words B. showing strong emotions, especially by crying C. slow, stopping and starting repeatedly D. happening naturally, without planning 54. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Travel no longer motivates people to learn languages thanks to AI tools. B. People may lose interest in learning a new language due to translation apps. C. Not everyone has a real need to practice foreign languages while ordering food. D. A good command of Mandarin can give language learners a sense of accomplishment. (B) I guess I was a little bored. For the past hour, I’d been on the phone with Daniele, the head of my office in Italy, reviewing our latest purchases of Italian gold, Murano glass and Italian-made shoes and handbags. “Daniele,” I said, “What is the hottest jewelry in Italy right now?” His reply? Woven gold bracelets studded with gems. He texted me some photos and I knew immediately that this was jewelry that Raffinato just had to have. RAFFINATO IS ONE OF AMERICA’S LARGEST RETAILERS OF ITALIAN-MADE JEWELRY Presenting the Italiano Fantasia Bracelets, two designs that are prime examples of Italy’s finest artisanship. Each of these bracelets includes more than 20 brilliant cut gems of DiamondAura®, our Ultimate Diamond Alternative®, in a setting finished with 18 karat Italian gold. What is DiamondAura®? It’s a sparkling marvel that rivals even the finest diamonds (D Flawless) with its transparent color and clarity: Both are so hard they can cut glass. Don’t believe me? The book “Jewelry and Gems: The Buying Guide,” praised the technique used in our diamond alternative :“The best diamond simulation to date, and even some jewelers have mistaken these stones for mined diamonds,” it raved. The best part about these bracelets? The price. Because of our longstanding connections in Arezzo, the mecca of Italian goldsmithing, we can offer both bracelets together for just $99, a fraction of the price you’ll pay anywhere else for similar jewelry. Order today. These bracelets are one of our hottest sellers this year, and with disruptions in the supply chain, we can only guarantee that we have 1,279 861 of these bracelets on hand for this ad. Jewelry Specifications: • Made in Arezzo, Italy. 18k gold finish • DiamondAura®, the Ultimate Diamond Alternative® • Fit wrists up to 7 ¼" Italian Fantasia Bracelet Collection A. X Bracelet (¼ ctw) $399 $59* Save $340 B. Woven Bracelet (⅓ ctw) $299 $69* Save $230 *special price only for customers using the offer code *an extra $50 refund for any purchase exceeding 6 pieces. 55 Which of the descriptions is true about the advertised products? A. The bracelets boast original Italian design and craftsmanship. B. There is no restriction on wrist size due to its adjustable design. C. A supply chain disruption leads to products being out of stock. D. the jewelry is framed with real diamonds of the finest quality. 56. Raffinato is mainly in charge of _________. A. invention B. production C. distribution D. exhibition 57. If a local adolescent wants to buy 2 Woven Bracelets and 3 Sets of Both as souvenir for roommates, the minimum price he/she has to pay is ______. A. $295 B. $385 C. $415 D. $435 (C) Metaphor is for most people a device of the poetic imagination and the rhetorical flourish - a matter of extraordinary rather than ordinary language. Moreover, metaphor is typically viewed as characteristic of language alone, a matter of words rather than thought or action. For this reason, most people think they can get along perfectly well without metaphor. We have found, on the contrary, that metaphor is pervasive in everyday life, not just in language but in thought and action as well. Our ordinary conceptual system, in terms of which we both think and act, is fundamentally metaphorical in nature. The concepts that govern our thought are not just matters of the intellect. They also govern our everyday functioning, down to the most ordinary details. Our concepts structure what we perceive, how we get around in the world, and how we relate to other people. Our conceptual system thus plays a central role in defining our everyday realities. If we are right in suggesting that our conceptual system is largely metaphorical, then the way we think, what we experience, and what we do every day is very much a matter of metaphor. But our conceptual system is not something we are normally aware of. In most of the little things we do every day, we simply think and act more or less automatically along certain lines. Just what these lines are is by no means obvious. One way to find out is by looking at language. Since communication is based on the same conceptual system that we use in thinking and acting, language is an important source of evidence for what that system is like. To give some idea of what it could mean for a concept to be metaphorical and for such a concept to structure an everyday activity, let us start with the concept ARGUMENT and the conceptual metaphor ARGUMENT IS WAR. This metaphor is reflected in our everyday language by a wide variety of expressions: ARGUMENT IS WAR. Your claims are indefensible. He attacked every weak point in my argument. His criticisms were right on target. I demolished his argument. I've never won an argument with him. You disagree? Okay, shoot〜! If you use the strategy, he’ll wipe you out. He shot down all of my arguments. It is important to see that we don't just talk about arguments in terms of war. We can actually win or lose arguments. We see the person we are arguing with as an opponent. We attack his positions and defend our own. We gain and lose ground. We plan and use strategies. If we find a position indefensible, we can abandon it and take a new line of attack. Many of the things we do in arguing are partially structured by the concept of war. Though there is no physical battle, there is a verbal battle, and the structure of an argument - attack, defense, counterattack, etc. -reflects this. It is in this sense that the ARGUMENT IS WAR metaphor is one that we live by in this culture; it structures the actions we perform in arguing. 58. Which of the following statements will the author most probably agree with? A. Metaphor is primarily a literary tool that polishes our thoughts and expressions. B. The actions involved in argument is understood in terms of war conceptually. C. People's action is generally more dependent on metaphor than on concept. D. The concept of argument exists on the precondition that there is war. 59. According to paragraph 3, what is the relationship between language and our conceptual system? A. Language and the conceptual system are structured separately and automatically. B. The conceptual system remains inaccessible despite the revelation of language. C. The conceptual system provides various definitions for our language. D Language provides clues to what constitutes the conceptual system. 60. The underlined word “demolished” is closet in meaning to “________”. A. defeated B. dismissed C. justified D. favored 61. What can be inferred from the passage? A. War is non-verbal argument. B. Our communication is metaphorical. C. Concepts are internally constructed. D. Few people speak in metaphorical language. Section C (8’) Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Myth of Short-Term Memory Short-term memory contains the contents of your thoughts right now, including what you intend to do in the next few seconds. ___62___ You may think about what you’ll say next in a conversation or walk to the hall closet with the intention of getting a pair of gloves. Short-term memory is easily disturbed or disrupted. ___63___ You do this by thinking about them, perhaps repeating them over and over again (“I’m going to the closet to get gloves”). But any distraction-new thought, someone asking you a question, the telephone ringing-can disrupt your short-term memory. Our ability to automatically restore the contents of our short-term memory declines slightly with every decade after 30. ___64___ I’ve been teaching undergraduates for my entire career and I can say that even 20-year-olds make short-term memory errors-loads of them. They walk into the wrong classroom; they show up to exams without the prerequisite No.2 pencil; they forget something I had just said two minutes before. These are similar to the kinds of things 70-year-olds do. The relevant difference is not age but rather how we describe these events, the stories we tell ourselves about them. Twenty-year-olds don’t think, “Oh, dear, this must be early-onset brain damage.” They think, “I really need to get more than four hours of sleep.” The 70-year-old observes these same events and worries about her brain health. This is not to say that brain damage-related memory impairments (损伤) are fiction. ___65___ In the absence of brain disease, even the oldest adults show little or no memory or cognitive decline beyond age 85 and 90. A. Actually, it is doing some mental calculations. B. But age is not the major factor so commonly assumed. C. Some aspects of our memory actually get better with age. D. This is widely understood to be a basic problem of aging. E. It depends on your active attention to the items in the “next thing to do” file in your mind. F. Instead, every lapse (记错) of short-term memory doesn’t necessarily indicate a biological disorder. 第Ⅱ卷 Ⅳ. Grammar (20’) Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given verbs. *(A) Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given verbs. Every year, more books on happiness are published. And every year, more people feel depressed because they do not consider themselves to be happy. They don’t remember or know what it feels like, and instead, they feel guilty that they aren’t as happy as everyone says they ___66___ be. This is really a sad state of emotional affairs. The books, blogs, YouTube videos and advice columns will tell you that if you read, exercise, stay busy, help ___67___, and increase your intimacy every day, then you too can be happy. The simple truth is that no one can be happy all the time, which doesn’t mean you have to be sad, angry, or depressed the rest of the time but ___68___ you can find a middle ground called contentment. This middle ground is a good place mentally and emotionally, and ___69___ (spend) time there is a healthy choice. Contentment is somewhere ___70___ satisfaction and peace. When you are in that place, the stuff of life can be going on around you, but you don’t need ___71___ (allow) it to bother you. And that, my friends, is a very nice way to go through life. I find contentment in walks, in writing, and in talking with my partners and reminding each other that our life is good, ___72___ temporary setbacks or scary moments. Because I know about myself and I can respond differently. Doing this takes away stress and will keep you from losing your state of contentment. If there is even one thing ___73___ puts you in a state of contentment — you do it regularly and early enough each day — it will help you ___74___ (overcome) any challenges you may have to face later. Right at this moment, things around me are still a little out of control — such is life — but I am feeling pretty good ____75____ I am actively living my purpose. I am now content, and that feeling will last the whole day through. You can do the same. (B) Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given verbs. Several clever ways to save money on groceries Food prices are still high, but your grocery bill doesn’t have to be. Here are several tips on how to save money at the supermarket from our audience. We received a lot of clever tips on the matter, ____76____ (range) from the practical (check your receipt for errors) to the creative (use AI to create recipes with ingredients you have at home). Check your receipt Check the receipt ____77____ you leave the parking lot. If you find an error, ____78____ mostly happens on sale items, you can get a refund right away. If you don’t check until you get home, you’re more likely to let it go. Ask about senior discounts I’m a senior, so I try to shop on senior discount days and save 5%. The stores don’t advertise this, ____79____ if you Google it or ask about it at the customer service desk, you can find out what day of the week they do this. It varies ____80____ store. Buy inexpensive cuts of meat If your dish is going to cook for a long time, the exact cut of beef may be unimportant. So I use ____81____ (expensive) roast in the store. At the usual one-hour cooking time, it ____82____ be a little tough, but add an extra 40 minutes and it will turn out great. Make your own bread Learn how to make bread. This saves a ton of money, and you can occasionally supplement with store-bought bread if ____83____ (need). About $8 worth of ingredients makes about eight to ten loaves of basic sandwich-style bread. It doesn’t have preservatives, so freeze ____84____ you can’t use in a week. Get a little help from AI I told ChatGPT I wanted to make ____85____ for breakfast and dinner using certain ingredients. The tomato, peppers and onion went into egg cups and the potatoes and chicken became stuffed sweet potatoes for dinner. How delicious！ Ⅴ. Summary Writing(10’) Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 86. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Why Don’t We Use the Math We Learn in School? How much of the math you’ve learned in school is used in everyday life? For the majority of people, the answer is surprisingly little. Clearly, some people learn math very well and apply it in everyday problem-solving settings. The question is why most people don’t, in spite of spending many years practicing it. The first explanation blames the failure of education. One of the major barriers to using a skill in real life is automaticity. We tend to find the least-effort solution to our problem. If struggling through a math problem is hard for you, you’ll find a different way to solve it that doesn’t rely on math. The familiar model for teaching mathematics revolves around teachers telling students certain rules, applying those rules to examples and students then practicing problems similar to the examples seen in class. By teaching in this way, a lot of the work and deep thought that went into the creation of these mathematical rules is lost. In that sense, people were never taught math thoroughly enough to use it automatically in real life. The second explanation is a little different. It argues that people may develop competence in math classes, but they struggle to translate real-life problems into a format where they can use their mathematics knowledge. This seems most apparent in the case of applying algebra (代数). Students struggle with algebra, but they particularly struggle with word problems. Yet, the equivalent real-life problems are typically much harder than word problems. From this perspective, what people struggle with is not doing math, but recognizing where and how to apply math to real problems. Educational researchers now emphasize the importance of transfer and deep understanding. They believe we need to give students more training in noticing and converting everyday situations into the math problems they know how to solve. By using real-life math applications, students can make connections between math and everyday life. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅵ. Translation (3’+3’+4’+5’=15’) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 87. 既然已经发现了问题，必须采取适当措施来解决。(identify) (汉译英) 88. 公司对这个产品的未来发展相当乐观，因为消费者已经把这个产品和环保联系在一起了。(associate) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 89. 要不了多少年我们会再次经历今年的酷热，因此节能减排，人人有责。(before) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 90. 这位八十多岁的老教授把获得的奖金都捐给了他曾经工作的研究院来建立一个基金，旨在保证那些夜以继日地在实验室做实验、记数据、赶报告的年轻研究员的努力都能得到合理的回报。(reward) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 附加题：(10’) Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D and E. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. The following passages discuss This Side of Paradise. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s autobiographyical first novel, written when the author was in his early twenties. Both passages are excerpts from essays by literary critics. Passage 1 The defects of This Side of Paradise should not blind the reader to its importance in Fitzgerald’s career. It marked his movement, clumsy and pasted together as the novel often is, from a clever short-story writer and would-be poet to an ambitious novelist. All his life he was to think of himself primarily as a novelist, to save his best work for his novels, to plunder his published short stories for usable material for them. If he achieved nothing else in this first novel, he had at least taken his scattered literary effusions and his undesirable experiences, sifted them, shaped and reshaped them, often looked at them ironically, and fashioned them into a sustained narrative. Compared with the material he took directly from his Nassau Lit stories, the writing had improved greatly. In many rewritten passages, This Side of Paradise shows Fitzgerald moving to that freshness of language which became his identifying mark. The novel took the bold step that Fitzgerald needed: it confirmed his ideas about the importance of his feelings and about his ability to put them down. It helped Fitzgerald thrash out those “ideas still in riot” that he attributes to Amory (the novel’s main character) at the close of the book: his ideas about love and women, about the Church, about his past, about the importance of being as contrasted with doing. Though it borrowed heavily from the many writers to whom he was attracted, the book still has Fitzgerald’s own stamp: the naiveté and honesty that is part of “the stamp that goes into (each of) my books so that people can read it blind like Braille.” If Amory is not as honest with himself as Fitzgerald’s later characters can be, it is chiefly from a lack of perception rather than from a deliberate desire to deceptive. Finally, though Fitzgerald placed his twin hopes of money and the girl in the book’s great success, the book is not merely contrived to achieve these aims. The badness in it is not that of the professional who shrewdly calculates his effects; it is that of the ambitious amateur writer who produces what seems to him to be witty, fresh, and powerful prose. It is a much better book than The Romantic Egotist, the version he finished before he left Princeton. For Fitzgerald at twenty-three, it was the book he wanted to write, the book he could write, and the book that did get written. Before it even reached its audience, Fitzgerald had found his craft. Passage 2 It has been said by a celebrated person that to meet F. Scott Fitzgerald is to think of a stupid old woman with whom someone has left a diamond; she is extremely proud of the diamond and shows it to everyone who comes by, and everyone is surprised that such an ignorant old woman should possess so valuable a jewel; for in nothing does she appear so inept as in the remarks she makes about the diamond. The person who invented this simile did not know Fitzgerald very well and can only have seen him, I think, in his more diffident or uninspired moods. The reader must not suppose that there is any literal truth in the image. Scott Fitzgerald is, in fact, no old woman, but a very good-looking young man, nor is he in the least stupid, but, on the contrary, exhilaratingly clever. Yet there is a symbolic truth in the description quoted above; it is true that Fitzgerald has been left with a jewel which he doesn’t know quite what to do with. For he has been given imagination without intellectual control of it; he has been given the desire for beauty without an aesthetic ideal; and he has been given a gift for expression without very many ideas to express. Consider, for example, the novel — This Side of Paradise — with which he founded his reputation. It has almost every fault and deficiency that a novel can possibly have. It is not only highly imitative but it imitates an inferior model. Fitzgerald, when he wrote the book, was drunk with Compton Mackenzie, and it sounds like an American attempt to rewrite Sinister Street. Now, Mackenzie, in spite of his gift for picturesque and comic invention and the capacity for pretty writing that he says he learned from Keats, lacks both the intellectual force and the emotional imagination to give body and outline to the material which he secrets in such enormous abundance. With the seeds he took from Keats’s garden, one of the best-arranged gardens in England, he enfloreated (generated flowers) so profusely that he blotted out the path of his own. Michael Fane, the hero of Sinister Street, was swamped in the forest of descriptions; he was smothered by creepers and columbines. From the time he went up to Oxford, his personality began to grow dinner, and, when he last turned up (in Belgrade) he seemed quite to have lost his identity. As a consequence, Amory Blaine, the hero of This Side of Paradise, had a very poor chance of coherence: Fitzgerald did endow him, to be sure, with a certain emotional life which the ghost Michael Fane lacks; but he was quite as much a wavering quantity in a phantasmagoria of incident that had no dominating intention to endow it with unity and force. In short, one of the chief weaknesses of This Side of Paradise is that it is really not about anything: its intellectual and moral content amounts to little more than a gesture — a gesture of indefinite revolt. The story itself, furthermore, is very immaturely imagined: it is always just verging on the ridiculous. And finally, This Side of Paradise is one of the most illiterate books of any merit ever published (a fault which the publisher’s proofreader seems to have made no effort to remedy). Not only is it ornamented with false ideas and faked literary references, but it is full of literary words tossed about with the most reckless inaccuracy. 91. The author of Passage 1 thinks that This Side of Paradise demonstrates Fitzgerald’s ability to ______. A. compose both long stories and short novels B. write short stories C. include poetic language in his writing D. tell a long story E. edit his own writing 92. The author of Passage 1 believes that Fitzgerald’s reputation as a writer rests on ______. A. his original use of words B. his compelling narratives C. the suspensefulness of his plots D. his use of irony E. using bits and pieces to create coherent stories 93. Passage 1 suggests that Amory, the main character of This Side of Paradise,______. A. is a serious and responsible person B. is a thinly disguised version of Fitzgerald C. represents all that Fitzgerald admired D. symbolizes what Fitzgerald wanted to be E. is a composite of people that Fitzgerald knew 94. By hoping that people could read his books “blind like Braille”, Fitzgerald meant that his writing was ______. A. vivid and sensory B. deep and full of meaning C. sophisticated and subtle D. plain and direct E. truthful and innocent 95. Throughout Passage 1, the writing of Fitzgerald is characterized as ______. A. egotistical B. immature C. phony D. optimistic E. deceptively easy to read 96. According to the author of Passage 2, Sinister Street can best be described as ______. A. highly inferior to This Side of Paradise B. more engrossing than This Side of Paradise C. a pale imitation of This Side of Paradise D. an unfortunate model for This Side of Paradise E. more realistic than This Side of Paradise 97. The author of Passage 2 bases much of his criticism of Sinister Street on the grounds that ______. A. the book’s hero is sadly overemotional B. its flowery prose overshadow its hero’s story C. it deals with a conventional subject D. the book lacks wit and inventiveness E. the novel will fail to interest most readers 98. The authors of Passage 1 and Passage 2 agree that This Side of Paradise ______. A. suggests that Fitzgerald is a talented writer B. is the worst of Fitzgerald’s novels C. is a blot on Fitzgerald’s career D. should have been rewritten E. will have a wide audience despite its flaws 99. According to both Passage 1 and Passage 2, a major flaw of This Side of Paradise is its ______. A. one-dimensional characters B. long-winded descriptions C. moralizing D. excessive wordiness E. lack of artistic focus 100. Based on evidence found in Passage 1 and Passage 2, when were the two passages apparently written? A. Both passages were written at about the same time, immediately after the publication of This Side of Paradise. B. Both passages were written long after the publication of This Side of Paradise. C. Both passages were written sometime between the publication of This Side of Paradise and the publication of Fitzgerald’s next novel. D. Passage 1 was written long after the publication of This Side of Paradise; Passage 2 was written shortly afterward. E Passage 1 was written shortly after the publication of This Side of Paradise; Passage 2 was written long afterward. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 交大附中2024-2025学年度第一学期高二英语期中考试卷 (满分150分，130分钟完成，答案一律写在网上阅卷答题纸上) Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension (25’) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a hospital. B. At a sports shop. C. At a gym. D. At a cafe. 2. A. No train going to her village is in operation now. B. A car crash caused the cancellation of all trains. C. It is her turn to be on night shift in the office. D. She failed to catch the train back to the village in time. 3. A. Jason’s view on global warming was of great importance. B. Jason’s article on global warming was well-written. C. Jason shouldn’t have been so critical of global warming. D. Jason’s article leaves no room for further discussion. 4. A. Give up on the project. B. Book a weekend trip to a resort. C. Go for an outdoor activity. D. Work on something less stressful. 5. A. Puzzled. B. Annoyed. C. Excited. D. Scared. 6. A. Customer and server. B. Manager and employee. C. Chef and assistant. D. Accountant and cashier. 7. A. A meeting of two friends has been arranged. B. A most surprising coincidence has occurred. C. A small neighborhood has seen great changes. D. The unbelievable incident happened a long time ago. 8. A. Dan’s office is holding a late-night party. B. Dan often goes to the pub after late shift. C Dan is unhappy about having to work tonight. D. Dan doesn’t mind doing the late shift. 9. A. Bob’s is the wrong place to taste real Greek food. B. Salt & Pepper is designed to trick tourists. C. It is difficult to cook tasty Greek food. D. Food tasting is an important part of the tour. 10. A. He regretted not preparing well for the interview. B. He didn’t have the right qualifications for the job. C. He was angry about being insulted at the job interview. D. He should have been considered for the job. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one conversation. You will be asked three questions on each of the passages and four questions for the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A.24,000. B. 2500. C. 35,000. D. 49,000. 12. A. iTrash is capable of recycling half of household waste in Taiwan. B. iTrash is aimed to take waste treatment in Taiwan to a new level. C. Household garbage is banned from being thrown into the iTrash. D. iTrash is a smart machine that recycles garbage automatically. 13. A. People are awarded money as stimulus for recyclable items. B. People are given a free public transportation smartcard. C. People are encouraged to recycle around the clock. D. People are entitled to credits which can later be cashed in. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Recording how long the snow lasts. B. Spotting where the snow is the thickest. C. Hunting the snow that hasn’t melted yet. D. Tracking the snow that remains unpolluted. 15. A. He earns extra money by snow hunting. B. He wants to help battle climate change. C. He considers it a good form of exercise. D. He is fascinated at the sight of snow melting. 16. A. Since 2000, snow melting has occurred three times faster than since 1840. B. Snow first disappeared from the whole of Scotland’s mountains in 1840. C. Half of the recorded snow melting has happened in the past 20 years or so. D. Records of snow-hunting didn’t come into being until the end of 20th century. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. It contains rare minerals and salts. B. It boasts certain health benefits. C. The brand is most advertised on TV. D. It has a wide range of prices. 18. A. Taste tests run by the manufacturers. B. A campaign launched by Green Life. C. Advertisements paid for by the manufacturers. D Advertisers who prefer top brands of bottled water. 19. A. It is beneficial to health. B. It is more popular than Cola. C. It is enriched with minerals. D. It is safer to drink than bottled water. 20. A. Jack is convinced that bottled water is not necessarily better. B. Jack refuses to believe that bottled water is less superior in taste. C. Jack is still doubtful whether he should stop buying bottled water. D. Jack is concerned that the bottled water will cause plastic pollution. Ⅱ. Vocabulary Section A (15’) Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 1. The Carteret Islands consist of low-lying islands, in a horseshoe shape ______ 30 km in the north-south direction. A. steaking B. sticking C. stretching D. striking 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡特雷特群岛由低洼岛屿组成，呈马蹄形，在南北方向上延伸30公里。A. steaking（不存在该词）；B. sticking粘贴，坚持；C. stretching延伸，伸展；D. striking打击，打动。结合“30 km in north-south direction”可知，空格处应表达“延伸”之意，故用stretching。故选C。 2. *The appropriation of resources is simultaneously ______ and political because it can be discharged only when each takes it upon herself or himself and only when it is accomplished together with others. A. ethical B. ethnic C. existential D. exponential 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：资源的分配同时具有伦理性和政治性，因为只有当每个人都主动承担起责任，并且只有当与他人共同完成时，资源分配才能得以实现。A. ethical伦理的，道德的；B. ethnic种族的，民族的；C. existential存在的，生存的；D. exponential指数的，快速增长的。根据“each takes it upon herself or himself”体现的道德责任，以及与“political”并列的逻辑，此处需填入表示“伦理，道德”的形容词，ethical符合语境。故选A。 3. *Pets may be able to help ______ off this destructive effect by dampening stress through companionship and the facilitation of social connection with others. A. wake B. wane C. ward D. wear 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：宠物可能能够通过陪伴和促进与他人的社交联系来减轻压力，从而帮助抵御这种破坏性影响。A. wake唤醒，醒来；B. wane衰落，减弱（为不及物动词，不接宾语）；C. ward抵御，防范（常与off搭配，ward off表示“避开，抵御”）；D. wear穿着，磨损。结合“off this destructive effect”可知，空格处应表达“抵御”之意，ward off为固定短语，表示“抵御”，故用ward。故选C。 4. Most businesses pay great attention to customers’ shopping experience as they want to maintain the ______ value of a good reputation. A. intangible B. intellectual C. intelligible D. interchangeable 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数企业非常注重顾客的购物体验，因为它们希望维持良好声誉的无形价值。A. intangible无形的；B. intellectual智力的；C. intelligible可理解的；D. interchangeable可互换的。根据“value of a good reputation”可知，intangible“无形的”符合题意，可描述品牌声誉这样无法触摸但实际存在的价值。故选A。 5. This concept does not imply that business is benevolent or that consumer satisfaction is given ______ over profit in a company. A. praise B. preoccupation C. priority D. procedure 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一概念并不意味着企业是慈善性的，也不意味着客户满意度会优先于公司利润。A. praise赞扬；B. preoccupation全神贯注；C. priority优先；D. procedure流程。根据“consumer satisfaction is given”和“over profit in a company”可知，priority“优先”符合题意，构成固定搭配be given priority over“比……享有优先权”，表示“客户满意度会优先于公司利润”，描述商业语境下的权衡关系。故选C。 6. He decided to ______ himself to the music, letting the rhythm guide his every move on the dance floor. A. abandon B. engage C. indulge D. overflow 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定放任自己沉溺在音乐中，让节奏引导他在舞池中的每一个动作。A. abandon放任，沉溺于；B. engage使参与，从事；C. indulge纵容，沉溺于；D. overflow溢出，充满。结合“himself to the music, letting the rhythm guide his every move on the dance floor”可知，空格处应表达“放任自己沉溺在”音乐中，abandon常指全身心地投入某种情感或活动中，不受拘束；engage通常指参与某项活动或工作，与沉浸在音乐中的语境不符；indulge虽也有沉溺之意，但更多用于对欲望、嗜好的放纵，不如abandon在描述全身心投入音乐时常用，故用abandon。故选A。 7. When referring to the rescue, one survivor of the flood mentioned the kindness from the total strangers, emphasizing that people were helping each other without ______. A. conservation B. observation C. preservation D. reservation 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在谈到救援时，一位洪水幸存者提到了陌生人的善意，强调人们毫无保留地互相帮助。A. conservation保护，保存；B. observation观察；C. preservation保存，维护；D. reservation保留。根据“people were helping each other”可知，reservation“保留”符合题意，构成固定搭配without reservation“毫无保留地”，可描述人们无私互助的状态。故选D。 8. At the press conference, the medalist admitted: “The biggest challenge was overcoming the ______ to give up after losing a match. I had to constantly convince myself to keep going.” A. depression B. frustration C. motivation D. urge 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在新闻发布会上，这位奖牌得主坦言：“最大的挑战是在输掉比赛后克服放弃的冲动。我必须不断说服自己坚持下去。”A. depression抑郁；B. frustration挫败；C. motivation动力；D. urge强烈冲动。根据“to give up after losing a match”可知，urge“强烈冲动”符合题意，表示“放弃的冲动”，可描述运动员的心理。故选D。 9. Each of the products showcases the number of bottles or wastes reused in its creation, and consumers can scan a code to ______ the carbon footprint reduction enabled by their purchase. A. appreciate B. predict C. spot D. visualize 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每款产品都标注了其生产过程中重复利用的瓶子或废弃物数量，消费者可以扫描二维码来直观查看其购买行为所减少的碳足迹。A. appreciate欣赏，感激；B. predict预测；C. spot发现，认出；D. visualize使可视化，直观呈现。根据“scan a code”和“the carbon footprint reduction”可知，扫描二维码的目的是将抽象的碳足迹减少数据以直观形式呈现，“visualize”符合“通过扫码直观查看”的语境。故选D。 10. Tens of millions of viewers ______ in for a livestream on JD. com on Tuesday to see whether they could tell the artificial intelligence avatar from the real CEO Liu Qiangdong. A. checked B. switched C. tuned D. turned 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：周二，数以千万计的观众收看了京东的直播，看看他们是否能区分人工智能虚拟形象和真正的首席执行官刘强东。A. checked检查；B. switched转换；C. tuned调频道；D. turned转动。根据“for a livestream on JD. com”可知，这里表示观众收看京东的直播，tune in for是固定短语，意为“收看，收听（广播、电视等）”，符合语境，故用tuned。故选C。 11. The muscles in her left leg ______ after she applied the ice, which helped to reduce the swelling. A. contacted B. contented C. contracted D. contrasted 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：左腿肌肉在冰敷后收缩，帮助减轻肿胀。A. contacted联系；B. contented使满足；C. contracted收缩；D. contrasted对比。根据常识，冰敷会导致肌肉收缩（contract），从而减少肿胀。故选C。 12. The judge noted that minors, senior citizens, and full-time mothers were the three types of people most likely to ______ victim to such crimes, adding that more attention should be paid to educating people in these three categories. A be B. fall C. suffer D. turn 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：法官指出，未成年人、老年人和全职母亲是三类最有可能成为此类犯罪受害者的人，并补充说应更加关注对这三类人的教育。A. be有，存在；B. fall陷入，成为，陷入（某种状态）；C. suffer遭受；D. turn转动，变成。结合“victim to such crimes”可知，空格处应表达“成为”之意，故用fall。故选B。 13. The shopping mall has collaborated with Shanghai Roots and Shoots to launch waste ______ workshops, themed markets, and color therapy workshops for special needs children. Part of the market proceeds were donated to special needs education institutions. A. transformation B. transition C. translation D. transportation 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该商场与上海“根与芽”（组织）合作，推出了废物改造工作坊、主题市集以及面向特殊需求儿童的色彩治疗工作坊。部分市集收益捐赠给了特殊教育机构。A. transformation转变，改造，指物质或形态的根本改变；B. transition过渡，转换，指从一种状态到另一种状态的渐进变化；C. translation翻译，转化，主要指语言的翻译，或抽象概念的转化；D. transportation运输，指物品的物理搬运。根据“waste”可知，transformation“转变，改造”符合题意，waste transformation意为“废物改造/升级利用”，表示将废弃物品改造成新用途。故选A。 14. As a ______ product, the arrival of Xiaomi SU7, on the one hand, proves that there is a huge consumer potential in the market; on the other hand, it also made the EV market more intensified, said analysts. A. genuine B. miserable C. optimistic D. phenomenal 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：分析师表示，作为一款非凡的产品，小米SU7的推出一方面证明了市场的巨大消费潜力，另一方面也使电动汽车市场竞争更加激烈。A. genuine真正的；B. miserable悲惨的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. phenomenal非凡的。根据“proves that there is a huge consumer potential in the market”和“it also made the EV market more intensified”可知，小米SU7的市场表现亮眼，行业影响巨大，phenomenal“非凡的”符合题意，适合描述该产品。故选D。 15. After the argument, he was ______ with guilt for having spoken so harshly to his friend. A. consumed B. rewarded C. threatened D. tricked 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：争吵过后，他因对朋友说话如此刻薄而深感内疚。A. consumed使全神贯注，充满；B. rewarded奖励，奖赏；C. threatened威胁，恐吓；D. tricked欺骗，哄骗。根据“guilt for having spoken so harshly to his friend”可知，此处指内心“充满内疚”，be consumed with guilt“沉浸于，充满……情绪”，符合语境。故选A。 Section B (20’) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. (A) Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. boasts B. domestic C. dreams D. emerging E. entry F. established G. generating H. marketing I. overseas J. representative K. well-developed Promoting Chinese styles in Italy NANJING-As a Chinese businessman living in Italy, Xu Xudong has become a fashionista (时尚达人). But, the 42-year-old ___16___ bigger. He wants to act as a bridge between China and Italy. Xu is the chairman of an Italy-based Chinese entrepreneur association. His firm is mainly involved in brand ___17___ and management in the fields of fashion clothing. It helps Chinese fashion brands go global and facilitates ___18___ of brands from Europe into China. Xu went to Italy with his parents 25 years ago, when many locals were taking advantage of China’s reform and opening-up to go abroad and start businesses. He was deeply amazed by Italy’s ___19___ clothing market. “I made up my mind to help Chinese clothing brands enter the Italian market,” he says. When Xu returned to China in 2006, looking to start a business, he found that the ___20___ clothing brands were innovating and new ones were appearing, ready to make their mark on the international stage. Years later, Xu set up his company in Changshu, home to more than 5,000 clothing enterprises. The city ___21___ a huge clothing market and a complete production and supply chain. In 2013, he cooperated with Changshu’s local brand Bosideng for promotion ___22___. His company used commercial strategies, like advertising and runway shows, to build a reputation for the Chinese brand’s cost-effectiveness in the high-end market of countries such as Italy. Today, Bosideng sells to more than 70 countries and regions. “You can see more Chinese elements ___23___ in the Italian fashion industry.” says Xu. In 2019, Xu was invited as a(an) ___24___ to a governmental negotiation during which a sister city relationship was first ___25___ between Changshu and Italy’s Taranto. “It is my mission to take more Chinese styles to Italy and meanwhile increase the charm of Italian fashion in China.” Xu says. 【答案】16. C 17. H 18. E 19. K 20. B 21. A 22. I 23. D 24. J 25. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了旅居意大利的中国商人徐旭东致力于推动中国时尚品牌走向国际，促进中意时尚产业交流合作的事迹。 【16题详解】 考查动词。句意：但是，这位42岁的男士有更大的梦想。根据后文“He wants to act as a bridge between China and Italy.”可知，他有着更大的梦想，空处应用动词dream“梦想”，此处陈述一般事实，时态使用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式dreams。故选C。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：他的公司主要从事时尚服装领域的品牌营销和管理。根据后文“It helps Chinese fashion brands go global”可知，他的公司从事品牌营销，空处应用marketing“营销”，作in的宾语。故选H。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：它帮助中国时尚品牌走向全球，并促进欧洲品牌进入中国。根据后文“of brands from Europe into China”可知，此处指欧洲品牌进入中国，空处应用名词entry“进入”，作facilitates的宾语。故选E。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：意大利发达的服装市场让他惊叹不已。根据后文“clothing market”可知，此处修饰服装市场，应用形容词well-developed“发达的”，作定语。故选K。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：2006年，当徐回到中国创业时，他发现国内服装品牌正在创新，新品牌不断涌现，准备在国际舞台上崭露头角。根据后文“clothing brands were innovating and new ones were appearing”可知，此处指国内服装品牌，应用形容词domestic“国内的”，作定语，修饰clothing brands。故选B。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：这座城市拥有庞大的服装市场和完整的生产和供应链。根据后文“a huge clothing market and a complete production and supply chain”可知，此处指拥有庞大的服装市场和完整的生产和供应链，应用boast“拥有（值得自豪的东西）”，此处陈述客观事实，时态使用一般现在时，主语The city为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式boasts。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查副词。句意：2013年，他与常熟本土品牌波司登合作进行海外推广。根据后文“His company used commercial strategies, like advertising and runway shows, to build a reputation for the Chinese brand’s cost-effectiveness in the high-end market of countries such as Italy.”可知，此处指海外推广，应用副词overseas“海外”，作状语。故选I。 【23题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“你可以看到更多的中国元素在意大利时尚产业中崭露头角。”徐旭东说。根据后文“in the Italian fashion industry”可知，此处指中国元素在意大利时尚产业中崭露头角，应用emerge“出现，显露”。see sb./sth. doing“看到某人/某事正在”。emerge与Chinese elements构成主动关系，用现在分词，作宾语补足语。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：2019年，徐作为代表受邀参加了一次政府谈判，期间常熟与意大利塔兰托建立了友好城市关系。根据后文“to a governmental negotiation”可知，此处指作为代表参加政府谈判，应用representative“代表”，由a可知，应用单数形式，作as的宾语。故选J。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意同上。根据后文“a sister city relationship”可知，此处指建立友好城市关系，应用establish“建立”，与主语构成被动关系，空处应用过去分词，与空前的was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故选F。 *(B) Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. backed B. challenge C. hinted D. implement E. influenced F. plague G. pushes H. side I. singles J. substantial K. universal The fifth largest city in the US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy 1.5 cents per liquid ounce on distributors. Philadelphia’s new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the county. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win ___26___ support outside super-liberal areas. Until now, the only city to successfully pass and ___27___ a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in 2014. The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with added sugar, such as Gatorade and iced teas. It is expected to raise $410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding a ___28___ pre-kindergarten program for the city. While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure, including soda lobbyists made sharp criticisms and a promise to ___29___ the tax in court. “The tax passed today unfairly ___30___ out beverages — including low and no-calorie choices,” said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage Association. “But most importantly, it is against the law. So we will ___31___ with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it.” An industry ___32___ anti-tax campaign has spent at least $4 million on advertisements. The ads criticized the measure, characterizing it as a “grocery tax”. Public health groups applauded the approved tax as a step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that ___33___ Americans. “The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that ___34___ a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure be inspirational to many other places,” said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food America. “Indeed, we are already hearing from some of them. It’s not just Berkeley anymore.” Similar measures in California’s Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado’s Boulder are becoming hot-button issues. Health advocacy groups have ___35___ that even more might be coming. 【答案】26. J 27. D 28. K 29. B 30. I 31. H 32. A 33. F 34. G 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了美国费城通过含糖饮料税提案及各方反应 。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这证明，对含糖饮料征税可以在超级自由派地区之外赢得大量支持。根据“support outside super-liberal areas”可知，此处指获得“大量”支持，用形容词substantial“”，修饰support，作定语。故选J。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：到目前为止，唯一一个成功通过并实施苏打水税的城市是2014年的加利福尼亚州伯克利市。根据空前“pass and”和空后的“a soda tax”可知，此处指通过并实施苏打水税，应用implement“实施”，与pass并列，位于情态动词can后，用动词原形。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词。句意：预计未来五年将筹集4.1亿美元，其中大部分将用于为该市资助一项广泛的学前教育项目。根据“pre-kindergarten program”及筹集资金的规模，此处指“广泛的”教育项目，用形容词universal，作定语，修饰pre-kindergarten program。故选K。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：虽然市议会的投票在议会会议室里赢得了掌声，但反对该措施的人，包括苏打水游说者，提出了尖锐的批评，并承诺要在法庭上挑战这项税收。根据“opponents to the measure”和“the tax in court”可知，此处指在法庭上挑战这项税收，应用challenge“挑战”，位于不定式符号to后(不定式作后置定语)，用动词原形。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：“今天通过的税收不公平地挑出了饮料——包括低热量和无热量的选择，”美国饮料协会发言人劳伦·凯恩说。根据空后“including low and no-calorie choices”可知，此处指挑出了饮料，应用single“挑选”，此处陈述一般事实，时态使用一般现在时，主语The tax第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式singles。故选I。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：所以我们将与大多数反对这项税收的费城人站在一起，并采取法律行动阻止它。根据空后“with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it”可知，此处指与大多数反对这项税收的费城人站在一起，应用side“支持”的原形，与will构成一般将来时。故选H。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：一个由行业支持的反税运动已经在广告上花费了至少400万美元。根据空后“anti-tax campaign”可知，此处指由行业支持的反税运动，应用back“支持”，本句谓语为has spent，此处为非谓语动词，back与campaign构成被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：公共卫生组织对批准的税收表示赞赏，认为这是解决困扰美国人的某些长期健康问题的一步。根据空后“Americans”可知，此处指困扰美国人的健康问题，应用plague“困扰”，此处陈述客观事实，时态使用一般现在时，从句主语that代替先行词issues，谓语动词用原形plague。故选F。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：“从一个大力推销导致贫困社区糖尿病、肥胖症和心脏病的产品的行业中收回一小部分利润，再投资于这些社区，这一举措肯定会激励许多其他地方，”美国健康食品组织执行主任吉姆·克里格说。根据空后“a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer communities”可知，此处指该行业生产的产品导致贫困社区的糖尿病、肥胖和心脏病，应用push“促使，推进”，that引导的定语从句陈述客观事实，时态使用一般现在时，主语that代替先行词an industry，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式pushes。故选G。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：健康倡导组织暗示，可能会有更多的税收措施出台。根据空后“that even more might be coming”可知，此处指健康倡导组织暗示可能会有更多的税收措施出台，应用hint“暗示”，本空用过去分词，与空前的have构成现在完成时。故选C。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Cloze (15’) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Are Screens Bad for Our Bodies? “You’ll get square eyes!” my mother used to say as I sat for hour after hour glued to the TV. I ____36____ her, of course. It was just something parents said. Fast-forward a few decades and now I’m the parent. My 5-year-old lives in a world where screens aren’t ____37____ pieces of furniture, but lie around on the kitchen table, on the sofa, by the bed, constantly accessible. You can’t even avoid them by going outside. “Screens are not only in our pockets, they’re on billboards, buses and bins,” says Tim Smith, a psychologist at Birkbeck, University of London. The concerns have ____38____ with the screens. In the past decade, we have heard that they will rewire our brains, ____39____ us of cognitive abilities and damage our mental health. Many of us feel more distracted by them, feeling grumpier, guiltier and more tired as a result. The list of ills makes square eyes sound ____40____. So should we take these concerns more seriously? Given the amount of time so many of us spend with our lit-up devices, it is a(n) ____41____ question. The trouble is, many of the most emphatic answers are the least ____42____. As the fears grow and the debate becomes ever more heated, it’s time to separate the proven health advice from the hyperbole. Smartphone pinky, tech neck, bone spurs at the back of our skulls: the ailments we are meant to have inflicted on ourselves through excessive phone use all sound terrifying. Hence the headlines ____43____, there is no good evidence that such alarming conditions are caused by our tech habit. Any harm is likely to be far less ____44____. The World Health Organization, for example, recommends limiting screentime as a way of tackling obesity, voicing _____45_____ health concerns related to screens in particular. What about the effect of staring at small, bright screens on our eyesight? In the past few years, more children in the UK have been _____46_____ glasses, says Max Davie at the Royal College of Pediatrics and Child Health in London. This has led some to claim that phones and tablets are to blame. But Davie thinks the _____47_____ has more to do with aggressive management of existing conditions. “At the moment, we don’t have sufficient evidence for a causal link,” he says. One thing that does appear to be _____48_____ is sleep. Studies have shown that people who are given a book to read in bed find it harder to go to sleep if they read it on a screen rather than on paper. This is probably because of the blue light that most screens emit, which throws off our circadian rhythm and tricks us into thinking it is daytime. Of course, most of us who look at our phones last thing at night aren’t reading a book. Much sleep disruption is related to mental _____49_____: waiting for the next notification, say, or scrolling through _____50_____ news feeds. Insufficient or disrupted sleep has been linked to increased risk for all manner of health problems, including depression and other mental health concerns. “If there are any recommendations to be adopted, not using screens in the hour before bed seems to be the one with the greatest support,” says Smith. 36. A. followed B. wept C. ignored D. clarified 37. A. fixed B. wired C. plugged D. exposed 38. A. updated B. identified C. associated D. multiplied 39. A. comprise B. strip C. compromise D. destroy 40. A. intense B. nasty C. harmless D. inaccurate 41. A. important B. foggy C. objective D. constant 42. A. adorable B. consistent C. reliable D. subjective 43. A. In particular B. In truth C. In short D. In general 44. A. anxious B. sympathetic C. symphonic D. spectacular 45. A. no B. many C. prior D. fleeting 46. A. prescribed B. prospected C. presented D. provided 47. A. occurrence B. increase C. disease D. clue 48. A. playing a joke B. playing a role C. taking a hit D. taking a chance 49. A. depression B. concern C. status D. stimulation 50. A. current B. urgent C. endless D. fake 【答案】36. C 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了屏幕使用对健康的影响，分析了各种关于屏幕危害的说法，并指出许多担忧缺乏科学证据支持，但屏幕使用对睡眠的负面影响确实存在。 【36题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我当然忽略了她的话。A. followed 跟随；B. wept 哭泣；C. ignored 忽略；D. clarified 澄清。根据后文“It was just something parents said”可知，作者认为这只是父母常说的话，因此没有在意，即忽略了。故选C。 【37题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我5岁孩子所处的环境中，电子屏幕并非固定不动的家具，而是随意摆放在厨房的餐桌上、沙发上、床边，触手可及。A. fixed 固定的；B. wired 接线的；C. plugged 插入的；D. exposed 暴露的。根据后文“but lie around on the kitchen table, on the sofa, by the bed”可知，屏幕不再固定在某处，而是随处可放。故选A。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：担忧随着屏幕的增多而增加。A. updated 更新；B. identified 识别；C. associated 关联；D. multiplied 增加。根据后文“In the past decade, we have heard that they will rewire our brains, ____4____ us of cognitive abilities and damage our mental health.”可知，随着屏幕普及，担忧也在增多。故选D。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去十年间，我们一直听到这样的说法：它们会改变我们大脑的神经连接，剥夺我们的认知能力，还会损害我们的心理健康。A. comprise 包含；B. strip 剥夺；C. compromise 妥协；D. destroy 破坏。根据后文“damage our mental health”可知，屏幕被认为有负面影响，因此“剥夺认知能力”符合语境。故选B。 【40题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一系列问题让“方眼睛”听起来无害。A. intense 强烈的；B. nasty 令人不快的；C. harmless 无害的；D. inaccurate 不准确的。根据前文“In the past decade, we have heard that they will rewire our brains, ____4____ us of cognitive abilities and damage our mental health.”列举了屏幕的多种危害，与之相比，“方眼睛”的警告显得无害。故选C。 【41题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我们花在发光设备上的时间，这是一个重要的问题。A. important 重要的；B. foggy 模糊的；C. objective 客观的；D. constant 持续的。根据前文“So should we take these concerns more seriously?”可知，作者认为这是一个需要认真对待的重要问题。故选A。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：麻烦的是，许多最强调的答案是最不可靠的。A. adorable 可爱的；B. consistent 一致的；C. reliable 可靠的；D. subjective 主观的。根据后文“separate the proven health advice from the hyperbole”可知，许多说法夸大其词，缺乏可靠性。故选C。 【43题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：然而，事实上，没有好证据表明这些可怕的情况是由我们的科技习惯引起的。A. In particular 尤其；B. In truth 事实上；C. In short 简而言之；D. In general 总的来说。根据后文“there is no good evidence”可知，作者指出事实并非如此。故选B。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：任何危害可能远没有那么惊人。A. anxious 焦虑的；B. sympathetic 同情的；C. symphonic 交响乐的；D. spectacular 惊人的。根据前文“such alarming conditions”和“Any harm is likely to be far less”可知，实际危害可能不如声称的那么惊人。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：世界卫生组织建议限制屏幕时间作为解决肥胖的一种方式，但没有提出与屏幕特别相关的健康担忧。A. no 没有；B. many 许多；C. prior 先前的；D. fleeting 短暂的。根据前文“recommends limiting screentime as a way of tackling obesity”可知，WHO关注的是肥胖，而非屏幕本身的具体健康问题，因此没有提出与屏幕特别相关的健康担忧。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：伦敦皇家儿科与儿童健康学院的Max Davie表示，在过去几年里，英国越来越多的儿童被开具了配镜处方。A. prescribed 开处方；B. prospected 勘探；C. presented 呈现；D. provided 提供。根据后文“  says Max Davie at the Royal College of Pediatrics and Child Health in London”推知，这里指医生开具眼镜处方。故选A。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Davie认为这种增加更多与对现有状况的积极管理有关。A. occurrence 发生；B. increase 增加；C. disease 疾病；D. clue 线索。根据“more children in the UK have been ____11____ glasses”可知，这里指配眼镜人数的增加。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一件事似乎确实受到了影响，那就是睡眠。A. playing a joke 开玩笑；B. playing a role 发挥作用；C. taking a hit 受到影响；D. taking a chance 冒险。根据后文“find it harder to go to sleep”可知，屏幕使用对睡眠有负面影响，即影响了睡眠。故选C。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多睡眠紊乱都与精神兴奋有关：比如，等待下一条消息通知，或是不停滑动浏览没完没了的新闻推送。A. depression 抑郁；B. concern 担忧；C. status 状态；D. stimulation 刺激。根据后文“waiting for the next notification”可知，手机通知等带来精神刺激，影响睡眠。故选D。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多睡眠紊乱都与精神兴奋有关：比如，等待下一条消息通知，或是不停滑动浏览没完没了的新闻推送。A. current 当前的；B. urgent 紧急的；C. endless 无尽的；D. fake 虚假的。根据前文“waiting for the next notification, say, or scrolling through”可知，新闻推送源源不断。故选C。 Section B (22’) Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) On holiday, many will find themselves in places where they do not speak the language. Once upon a time, they might have carried a phrasebook. The rise of English has made that less necessary. But most people-at least seven of the world’s eight billion-still do not speak English. That leaves options like gestures, or, increasingly, technology. More and more people are using simple, free tools, not only to decode text but also to speak. With these apps’ conversation mode, you talk into a phone and a spoken translation is heard moments later; the app can also listen for another language and produce a translation in yours. You may still get a surprise or two. Google Translate may be the best-known name in machine translation, but it often makes mistakes. Take “my wife is gluten-free (不含谷蛋白的)”, the kind of thing you might say at a restaurant abroad. In French or Italian, Google Translate turns this into “my wife is without gluten”-true to the words rather than the meaning. DeepL, a rival, does better, offering various options, most of them along the correct lines. The best tool may not be a translation app at all. Though not marketed for the purpose, ChatGPT, an AI system that generates prose according to users’ prompts, is multilingual. Rather than entering an exact text to translate, users can tell ChatGPT to “write a message in Spanish to a waiter that we would like the tasting menu, but that my wife is gluten-free, so we want substitutions for anything that has gluten.” And out pops a perfect paragraph, including the way Spanish-speaking actually say “my wife is gluten-free”: mi esposa es celiacata. It is a paraphrase rather than a translation, more like having a native-speaking dinner companion than an automated interpreter. Travel has long been a motivator for study-unless people start to feel AI tools offer a good-enough service. Some are concerned that apps are turning language acquisition into a declining pursuit. Douglas Hofstadter, a multilingualist, has argued that something profound will vanish when people talk through machines. He describes giving a halting, difficult speech in Mandarin, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of accomplishment at the end. Who would boast of taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Everest? Others are less worried. Most people do not move abroad or have the kind of sustained contact with a foreign culture that requires them to put in the work to become fluent. Nor do most people learn languages for the purpose of humanizing themselves or training their brains. On their holiday, they just want a beer and pasta without incident (and sometimes without gluten). 51. What do most people do now if they can’t speak English in foreign places? A. Switch to their own mother languages. B. Refer to the phrasebooks they have carried. C. Turn to technology to get a spoken translation. D. Rely on free tools to communicate through gestures. 52. What advantage does ChatGPT have over translation apps? A Including conversation mode. B. Providing more instant responses. C. Offering a wider range of languages. D. Producing more accurate translations. 53. The underlined word “halting” (in paragraph 5) most probably refers to ______. A. lasting a short time but containing many words B. showing strong emotions, especially by crying C. slow, stopping and starting repeatedly D. happening naturally, without planning 54. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Travel no longer motivates people to learn languages thanks to AI tools. B. People may lose interest in learning a new language due to translation apps. C. Not everyone has a real need to practice foreign languages while ordering food. D. A good command of Mandarin can give language learners a sense of accomplishment. 【答案】51. C 52. D 53. C 54. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在外国不会说英语时人们借助技术工具进行翻译以及由此引发的对语言学习的思考。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“More and more people are using simple, free tools, not only to decode text but also to speak.(越来越多的人开始使用简单、免费的工具，不仅用来翻译文本，还用于口语交流。)”可知，现在大多数人在国外不会说英语时会求助于技术来获得语音翻译。故选C。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Rather than entering an exact text to translate, users can tell ChatGPT to “write a message in Spanish to a waiter that we would like the tasting menu, but that my wife is gluten-free, so we want substitutions for anything that has gluten.” And out pops a perfect paragraph, including the way Spanish-speaking actually say “my wife is gluten-free”: mi esposa es celiacata. It is a paraphrase rather than a translation, more like having a native-speaking dinner companion than an automated interpreter.(用户不需要输入要翻译的确切文本，而是可以告诉ChatGPT“用西班牙语给服务员写一条信息，我们想要品尝菜单，但我妻子不吃谷蛋白，所以任何含谷蛋白的东西我们都要替换。”接着就会弹出一个完美的段落，包括说西班牙语的人实际上是怎么说“我妻子不吃谷蛋白”的：mi esposa es celiacata。这是一种意译，而不是翻译，更像是有一个说母语的晚餐伙伴，而不是一个自动翻译。)”可知，ChatGPT与翻译应用程序相比，它能产生更准确的翻译。故选D。 【53题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段中“He describes giving a halting, difficult speech in Mandarin, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of accomplishment at the end.(他描述了自己用普通话发表演讲时的艰难与halting，虽然这需要付出很多努力，但完成后却带来了一种成就感。谁会吹嘘自己乘坐直升机登上了珠穆朗玛峰之巅呢？)”可知，此处描述的是说中文的过程很艰难，需要付出很多努力，halting最可能的意思是“缓慢的，反复停顿和开始的”。故选C。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Travel has long been a motivator for study-unless people start to feel AI tools offer a good-enough service. Some are concerned that apps are turning language acquisition into a declining pursuit.(长期以来，旅行一直是人们学习语言的动力——除非人们开始觉得人工智能工具提供的服务已经足够好。有些人担心，这些应用程序正在让语言学习逐渐走向衰落。)”可知，人们可能会因为翻译应用程序而对学习一门新语言失去兴趣 。故选B。 (B) I guess I was a little bored. For the past hour, I’d been on the phone with Daniele, the head of my office in Italy, reviewing our latest purchases of Italian gold, Murano glass and Italian-made shoes and handbags. “Daniele,” I said, “What is the hottest jewelry in Italy right now?” His reply? Woven gold bracelets studded with gems. He texted me some photos and I knew immediately that this was jewelry that Raffinato just had to have. RAFFINATO IS ONE OF AMERICA’S LARGEST RETAILERS OF ITALIAN-MADE JEWELRY Presenting the Italiano Fantasia Bracelets, two designs that are prime examples of Italy’s finest artisanship. Each of these bracelets includes more than 20 brilliant cut gems of DiamondAura®, our Ultimate Diamond Alternative®, in a setting finished with 18 karat Italian gold. What is DiamondAura®? It’s a sparkling marvel that rivals even the finest diamonds (D Flawless) with its transparent color and clarity: Both are so hard they can cut glass. Don’t believe me? The book “Jewelry and Gems: The Buying Guide,” praised the technique used in our diamond alternative :“The best diamond simulation to date, and even some jewelers have mistaken these stones for mined diamonds,” it raved. The best part about these bracelets? The price. Because of our longstanding connections in Arezzo, the mecca of Italian goldsmithing, we can offer both bracelets together for just $99, a fraction of the price you’ll pay anywhere else for similar jewelry. Order today. These bracelets are one of our hottest sellers this year, and with disruptions in the supply chain, we can only guarantee that we have 1,279 861 of these bracelets on hand for this ad. Jewelry Specifications: • Made in Arezzo, Italy. 18k gold finish • DiamondAura®, the Ultimate Diamond Alternative® • Fit wrists up to 7 ¼" Italian Fantasia Bracelet Collection A. X Bracelet (¼ ctw) $399 $59* Save $340 B. Woven Bracelet (⅓ ctw) $299 $69* Save $230 *special price only for customers using the offer code *an extra $50 refund for any purchase exceeding 6 pieces. 55. Which of the descriptions is true about the advertised products? A. The bracelets boast original Italian design and craftsmanship. B. There is no restriction on wrist size due to its adjustable design. C. A supply chain disruption leads to products being out of stock. D. the jewelry is framed with real diamonds of the finest quality. 56. Raffinato is mainly in charge of _________. A. invention B. production C. distribution D. exhibition 57. If a local adolescent wants to buy 2 Woven Bracelets and 3 Sets of Both as souvenir for roommates, the minimum price he/she has to pay is ______. A. $295 B. $385 C. $415 D. $435 【答案】55. A 56. C 57. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍两款意大利Fantasia手镯。 【55题详解】 细节理解题。由文章中第三段“Presenting the Italiano Fantasia Bracelets, two designs that are prime examples of Italy’s finest artisanship. (展示意大利Fantasia手镯，这两种设计是意大利最优秀手工艺品的典范。)”可知，手镯采用意大利独创设计和工艺。故选A项。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。由文章中黑体字“RAFFINATO IS ONE OF AMERICA’S LARGEST RETAILERS OF ITALIAN-MADE JEWELRY (RAFFINATO是美国最大的意大利珠宝零售商之一)”可知，Raffinato主要负责分销。故选C项。 【57题详解】 细节理解题。由文章黑体字下的第三段中“Because of our longstanding connections in Arezzo, the mecca of Italian goldsmithing, we can offer both bracelets together for just $99, a fraction of the price you’ll pay anywhere else for similar jewelry. (由于我们在意大利金匠圣地阿雷佐有着长期的联系，我们只需99美元就可以同时提供两款手镯，这只是你在其他地方购买类似珠宝的价格的一小部分。)”、和下文中“B. Woven Bracelet (⅓ ctw) $299 $69* Save $230 (.编织手镯（1/3克拉）$299$69*节省$230)”以及“*an extra $50 refund for any purchase exceeding 6 pieces.(*购买超过6件可额外退款50美元。)”可知，购买2个编织手镯和3套需要花费99*3+69*2-50=385，所以最低需要支付$385。故选B项。 (C) Metaphor is for most people a device of the poetic imagination and the rhetorical flourish - a matter of extraordinary rather than ordinary language. Moreover, metaphor is typically viewed as characteristic of language alone, a matter of words rather than thought or action. For this reason, most people think they can get along perfectly well without metaphor. We have found, on the contrary, that metaphor is pervasive in everyday life, not just in language but in thought and action as well. Our ordinary conceptual system, in terms of which we both think and act, is fundamentally metaphorical in nature. The concepts that govern our thought are not just matters of the intellect. They also govern our everyday functioning, down to the most ordinary details. Our concepts structure what we perceive, how we get around in the world, and how we relate to other people. Our conceptual system thus plays a central role in defining our everyday realities. If we are right in suggesting that our conceptual system is largely metaphorical, then the way we think, what we experience, and what we do every day is very much a matter of metaphor. But our conceptual system is not something we are normally aware of. In most of the little things we do every day, we simply think and act more or less automatically along certain lines. Just what these lines are is by no means obvious. One way to find out is by looking at language. Since communication is based on the same conceptual system that we use in thinking and acting, language is an important source of evidence for what that system is like. To give some idea of what it could mean for a concept to be metaphorical and for such a concept to structure an everyday activity, let us start with the concept ARGUMENT and the conceptual metaphor ARGUMENT IS WAR. This metaphor is reflected in our everyday language by a wide variety of expressions: ARGUMENT IS WAR. Your claims are indefensible. He attacked every weak point in my argument. His criticisms were right on target. I demolished his argument. I've never won an argument with him. You disagree? Okay, shoot〜! If you use the strategy, he’ll wipe you out. He shot down all of my arguments. It is important to see that we don't just talk about arguments in terms of war. We can actually win or lose arguments. We see the person we are arguing with as an opponent. We attack his positions and defend our own. We gain and lose ground. We plan and use strategies. If we find a position indefensible, we can abandon it and take a new line of attack. Many of the things we do in arguing are partially structured by the concept of war. Though there is no physical battle, there is a verbal battle, and the structure of an argument - attack, defense, counterattack, etc. -reflects this. It is in this sense that the ARGUMENT IS WAR metaphor is one that we live by in this culture; it structures the actions we perform in arguing. 58. Which of the following statements will the author most probably agree with? A. Metaphor is primarily a literary tool that polishes our thoughts and expressions. B. The actions involved in argument is understood in terms of war conceptually. C. People's action is generally more dependent on metaphor than on concept. D. The concept of argument exists on the precondition that there is war. 59. According to paragraph 3, what is the relationship between language and our conceptual system? A. Language and the conceptual system are structured separately and automatically. B. The conceptual system remains inaccessible despite the revelation of language. C. The conceptual system provides various definitions for our language. D. Language provides clues to what constitutes the conceptual system. 60. The underlined word “demolished” is closet in meaning to “________”. A. defeated B. dismissed C. justified D. favored 61. What can be inferred from the passage? A. War is non-verbal argument. B. Our communication is metaphorical. C. Concepts are internally constructed. D. Few people speak in metaphorical language. 【答案】58. B 59. D 60. A 61. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是隐喻及其在日常生活中的体现和应用。 【58题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“To give some idea of what it could mean for a concept to be metaphorical and for such a concept to structure an everyday activity, let us start with the concept ARGUMENT and the conceptual metaphor ARGUMENT IS WAR. This metaphor is reflected in our everyday language by a wide variety of expressions: ARGUMENT IS WAR.(为了让大家了解一个概念的隐喻性以及这个概念如何组织日常活动，让我们从概念论证和概念隐喻论证即战争开始。 这个比喻反映在我们的日常语言中，有各种各样的表达：争论就是战争)”可知，B选项“论辩中涉及的行动在概念上被理解为战争”的说法作者最可能同意。故选B。 【59题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“But our conceptual system is not something we are normally aware of. In most of the little things we do every day, we simply think and act more or less automatically along certain lines. Just what these lines are is by no means obvious. One way to find out is by looking at language. Since communication is based on the same conceptual system that we use in thinking and acting, language is an important source of evidence for what that system is like.(但是我们的概念系统不是我们通常意识到的东西。在我们每天做的大多数小事情中，我们只是简单地或多或少地按照某些特定的思路思考和行动。这些线条到底是什么并不明显。其中一个方法就是观察语言。由于交流是基于我们在思考和行动中使用的相同的概念系统，语言是证明这个系统是什么样的重要证据来源)”可知，语言和我们的概念系统之间的关系是语言提供了构成概念系统的线索。故选D。 【60题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Your claims are indefensible.”以及后文“his argument”可知，你的主张是站不住脚的，所以“我”击败了他的论点。故画线词意思是“击败”。A. defeated击败，破坏；B. dismissed解散；C. justified调整；D. favored支持。故选A。 【61题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“We have found, on the contrary, that metaphor is pervasive in everyday life, not just in language but in thought and action as well.(相反，我们发现隐喻在日常生活中无处不在，不仅存在于语言中，也存在于思想和行动中)”可推知，我们的交流是隐喻性的。故选B。 Section C (8’) Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Myth of Short-Term Memory Short-term memory contains the contents of your thoughts right now, including what you intend to do in the next few seconds. ___62___ You may think about what you’ll say next in a conversation or walk to the hall closet with the intention of getting a pair of gloves. Short-term memory is easily disturbed or disrupted. ___63___ You do this by thinking about them, perhaps repeating them over and over again (“I’m going to the closet to get gloves”). But any distraction-new thought, someone asking you a question, the telephone ringing-can disrupt your short-term memory. Our ability to automatically restore the contents of our short-term memory declines slightly with every decade after 30. ___64___ I’ve been teaching undergraduates for my entire career and I can say that even 20-year-olds make short-term memory errors-loads of them. They walk into the wrong classroom; they show up to exams without the prerequisite No.2 pencil; they forget something I had just said two minutes before. These are similar to the kinds of things 70-year-olds do. The relevant difference is not age but rather how we describe these events, the stories we tell ourselves about them. Twenty-year-olds don’t think, “Oh, dear, this must be early-onset brain damage.” They think, “I really need to get more than four hours of sleep.” The 70-year-old observes these same events and worries about her brain health. This is not to say that brain damage-related memory impairments (损伤) are fiction. ___65___ In the absence of brain disease, even the oldest adults show little or no memory or cognitive decline beyond age 85 and 90. A. Actually, it is doing some mental calculations. B. But age is not the major factor so commonly assumed. C. Some aspects of our memory actually get better with age. D. This is widely understood to be a basic problem of aging. E. It depends on your active attention to the items in the “next thing to do” file in your mind. F. Instead, every lapse (记错) of short-term memory doesn’t necessarily indicate a biological disorder. 【答案】62. A 63. E 64. B 65. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了短期记忆的误区，指出年龄并非导致短期记忆错误的主要因素，并探讨了人们对记忆错误的描述和看法。 【62题详解】 由上文“Short-term memory contains the contents of your thoughts right now, including what you intend to do in the next few seconds.(短时记忆包含你当下的想法，包括你接下来几秒钟打算做的事。)”及下文“You may think about what you’ll say next in a conversation or walk to the hall closet with the intention of getting a pair of gloves.(你可能会思考对话中接下来要说的话，或者走向门厅的壁橱，打算拿一副手套。)”可知，空格处需列举短时记忆的具体例子。A选项“Actually, it is doing some mental calculations.(实际上，它（短时记忆）还包括进行一些心算。)”能承上启下，符合逻辑。故选A。 【63题详解】 由上文“Short-term memory is easily disturbed or disrupted. (短时记忆很容易被干扰或打断。)”及下文“You do this by thinking about them, perhaps repeating them over and over again (“I’m going to the closet to get gloves”). (你可以通过思考它们来做到这一点，也许可以一遍又一遍地重复它们（“我要去壁橱里拿手套”）。)”可知，空格处应说明维持短时记忆的条件，以引出下文“如何维持”的方法。E选项“It depends on your active attention to the items in the “next thing to do” file in your mind. (它取决于你对大脑中“接下来要做的事”清单里内容的主动关注。)”解释了短时记忆的维持依赖“主动关注”，既承接上文“易被干扰”的特性，又引出下文“重复思考”的维持方式，符合语境。故选E。 【64题详解】 由下文“I’ve been teaching undergraduates for my entire career and I can say that even 20-year-olds make short-term memory errors-loads of them.(在我的整个职业生涯中，我一直在教本科生，我可以说，即使是20岁的人也会犯短期记忆错误——很多错误。)”以及“These are similar to the kinds of things 70-year-olds do.(这些和70岁老人所做的事情类似。)”可知，空格处需提出“年龄并非短时记忆问题的主因”这一观点，以统领下文的举例论证，B选项“But age is not the major factor so commonly assumed. (但年龄并不是人们通常认为的主要因素。)”说明年龄不是导致短期记忆错误的主要因素，引出下文对年轻人和老年人都会犯短期记忆错误的讨论，符合题意。故选B。 【65题详解】 由上文“The relevant difference is not age but rather how we describe these events, the stories we tell ourselves about them. Twenty-year-olds don’t think, “Oh, dear, this must be early-onset brain damage.” They think, “I really need to get more than four hours of sleep.” The 70-year-old observes these same events and worries about her brain health. This is not to say that brain damage-related memory impairments (损伤) are fiction.(相关的区别不在于年龄，而在于我们如何描述这些事件，以及我们对自己讲述的关于这些事件的故事。20岁的人不会想，“哦，天哪，这一定是早期脑损伤。”他们会想，“我真的需要睡四个多小时。”70岁的人观察到同样的事情，会担心自己的大脑健康。这并不是说与脑损伤相关的记忆障碍是虚构的。)”及下文“In the absence of brain disease, even the oldest adults show little or no memory or cognitive decline beyond age 85 and 90.(在没有脑部疾病的情况下，即使是最年长的成年人，在85岁和90岁以后也很少或根本没有记忆力或认知能力下降。)”可知，本空应强调短期记忆错误不一定意味着生物性紊乱。F选项“Instead, every lapse (记错) of short-term memory doesn’t necessarily indicate a biological disorder.(相反，每次短期记忆的失误并不一定表明有生物紊乱。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 第Ⅱ卷 Ⅳ. Grammar (20’) Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given verbs. *(A) Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given verbs. Every year, more books on happiness are published. And every year, more people feel depressed because they do not consider themselves to be happy. They don’t remember or know what it feels like, and instead, they feel guilty that they aren’t as happy as everyone says they ___66___ be. This is really a sad state of emotional affairs. The books, blogs, YouTube videos and advice columns will tell you that if you read, exercise, stay busy, help ___67___, and increase your intimacy every day, then you too can be happy. The simple truth is that no one can be happy all the time, which doesn’t mean you have to be sad, angry, or depressed the rest of the time but ___68___ you can find a middle ground called contentment. This middle ground is a good place mentally and emotionally, and ___69___ (spend) time there is a healthy choice. Contentment is somewhere ___70___ satisfaction and peace. When you are in that place, the stuff of life can be going on around you, but you don’t need ___71___ (allow) it to bother you. And that, my friends, is a very nice way to go through life. I find contentment in walks, in writing, and in talking with my partners and reminding each other that our life is good, ___72___ temporary setbacks or scary moments. Because I know about myself and I can respond differently. Doing this takes away stress and will keep you from losing your state of contentment. If there is even one thing ___73___ puts you in a state of contentment — you do it regularly and early enough each day — it will help you ___74___ (overcome) any challenges you may have to face later. Right at this moment, things around me are still a little out of control — such is life — but I am feeling pretty good ____75____ I am actively living my purpose. I am now content, and that feeling will last the whole day through. You can do the same. 【答案】66. should 67. others 68. that 69. spending 70. between 71. to allow 72. in spite of##despite 73. that##which 74. overcome##to overcome 75. because 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了人们对快乐的过度追求反而导致压力，并指出关键在于找到知足感——一种介于满意与平静之间的平衡状态，能让人不被生活琐事困扰，持久保持心理安宁。 【66题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：他们不记得或不知道快乐是什么感觉，反而因未能如他人所说般快乐而感到愧疚。空后为动词原形be，空处应用情态动词，结合“they aren’t as happy as everyone says”可知，此处表达社会对快乐的期望，用情态动词should“应该”体现“他人认为你应该快乐”的隐含压力。故填should。 【67题详解】 考查代词。句意：书籍、博客、YouTube视频和建议专栏会告诉你：若你每天阅读、锻炼、保持忙碌、帮助他人并增进亲密关系，你也能快乐。空处作help的宾语，结合“then you too can be happy”可知，应用代词others“其他人”，与前面的“read, exercise, stay busy”并列，构成快乐建议的常见做法。故填others。 【68题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：但真相是，没人能永远快乐——这并不意味着你其余时间必须悲伤、愤怒或抑郁，而是你可以找到一种名为“知足”的中间状态。空处引导名词性从句作mean的宾语，宾语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。 【69题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种中间状态是心理和情感上的佳境，在那里花时间是一个健康的选择。空处和空后的“time there”搭配作主语，是非谓语动词，且此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，因此应用spend“花费”的动名词形式。故填spending。 【70题详解】 考查介词。句意：知足介于满意与平静之间。结合“satisfaction and peace”可知，此处应用固定搭配between A and B“介于A和B之间”，表示“介于满意与平静之间”。故填between。 【71题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当你处于这种状态时，尽管生活琐事环绕，你也无需任其困扰。句中need为实义动词，固定短语need to do“需要做某事”符合题意，因此用allow“允许”的不定式形式，作宾语。故填to allow。 【72题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：我在散步、写作、与伴侣交谈并互相提醒“生活很美尽管偶有挫折或恐惧”时感到知足。空后为介词短语“temporary setbacks or scary moments”，结合“our life is good”可知，前后是让步关系，应用表示“尽管，虽然”的介词短语in spite of。故填in spite of/despite。 【73题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：哪怕只有一件事能让你知足——只要你每日及早且定期去做——它便能助你克服后续可能面临的挑战。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词one thing，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。 【74题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：哪怕只有一件事能让你满足——只要你每日及早且定期去做——它便能助你克服后续可能面临的挑战。help sb. (to) do是固定短语，意为“帮助某人做某事”，因此用overcome“克服”的不定式形式，作宾语补足语，且to可省略。故填(to) overcome。 【75题详解】 考查原因状语从句。句意：此时此刻，我周遭事物仍有些失控（生活本如此），但我感觉良好，因为我正积极践行人生目标。空处前后为完整的句子，空前的句子表示结果，空后的句子表示原因，且此处表示直接而明确的原因，因此用意为“因为”的从属连词because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 (B) Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given verbs. Several clever ways to save money on groceries Food prices are still high, but your grocery bill doesn’t have to be. Here are several tips on how to save money at the supermarket from our audience. We received a lot of clever tips on the matter, ____76____ (range) from the practical (check your receipt for errors) to the creative (use AI to create recipes with ingredients you have at home). Check your receipt Check the receipt ____77____ you leave the parking lot. If you find an error, ____78____ mostly happens on sale items, you can get a refund right away. If you don’t check until you get home, you’re more likely to let it go. Ask about senior discounts I’m a senior, so I try to shop on senior discount days and save 5%. The stores don’t advertise this, ____79____ if you Google it or ask about it at the customer service desk, you can find out what day of the week they do this. It varies ____80____ store. Buy inexpensive cuts of meat If your dish is going to cook for a long time, the exact cut of beef may be unimportant. So I use ____81____ (expensive) roast in the store. At the usual one-hour cooking time, it ____82____ be a little tough, but add an extra 40 minutes and it will turn out great. Make your own bread Learn how to make bread. This saves a ton of money, and you can occasionally supplement with store-bought bread if ____83____ (need). About $8 worth of ingredients makes about eight to ten loaves of basic sandwich-style bread. It doesn’t have preservatives, so freeze ____84____ you can’t use in a week. Get a little help from AI I told ChatGPT I wanted to make ____85____ for breakfast and dinner using certain ingredients. The tomato, peppers and onion went into egg cups and the potatoes and chicken became stuffed sweet potatoes for dinner. How delicious！ 【答案】76. ranging 77. before 78. which 79. but 80. by 81. the least expensive 82. may##might 83. needed 84. what 85. something 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了几种在超市购买食品时节省开支的聪明方法。 【76题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们收到了很多关于这个问题的巧妙建议，从实用的（检查收据是否有错误）到有创意的（用人工智能根据你家里现有的食材来创建食谱）。本句谓语为received，本空在句中作非谓语，逻辑主语tips和range“变化，变动”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式，作状语，故填ranging。 【77题详解】 考查时间状语从句。句意：在离开停车场前检查收据。此处强调在离开停车场之前检查收据，用连词before“在……之前”引导时间状语从句。故填before。 【78题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：如果你发现了一个错误，这通常发生在促销商品上，你可以马上得到退款。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词error，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which，故填which。 【79题详解】 考查连词。句意：商店不会宣传这个，但是如果你在谷歌上搜索或在客户服务台询问，你就可以知道他们一周中的哪一天会这样做。上下文为转折关系，用连词but连接。故填but。 【80题详解】 考查介词。句意：这因商店而异。vary by为固定短语，表示“因……而异”。故填by。 【81题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：所以我用了店里最便宜的烤肉。此处指“最便宜的烤肉”，用形容词最高级the least expensive，修饰名词roast。故填the least expensive。 【82题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：在通常一小时的烹饪时间里，它可能会有点硬，但多加40分钟，味道就会很好。此处表示一种可能性，用情态动词may/might“可能”。故填may/might。 【83题详解】 考查状语从句中的省略。句意：这能省很多钱，如果需要的话，你偶尔可以补充一些商店买的面包。此处为状语从句的省略，完整的句子为if it is needed，省略了无意义的主语it和is。故填needed。 【84题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：它不含防腐剂，所以如果你一周内用不完，就把它冷冻起来。本空引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，用连接代词what引导。故填what。 【85题详解】 考查代词。句意：我告诉ChatGPT我想用某些食材做早餐和晚餐。此处表示“一些东西”，作宾语，故填something。 Ⅴ. Summary Writing(10’) Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 86. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Why Don’t We Use the Math We Learn in School? How much of the math you’ve learned in school is used in everyday life? For the majority of people, the answer is surprisingly little. Clearly, some people learn math very well and apply it in everyday problem-solving settings. The question is why most people don’t, in spite of spending many years practicing it. The first explanation blames the failure of education. One of the major barriers to using a skill in real life is automaticity. We tend to find the least-effort solution to our problem. If struggling through a math problem is hard for you, you’ll find a different way to solve it that doesn’t rely on math. The familiar model for teaching mathematics revolves around teachers telling students certain rules, applying those rules to examples and students then practicing problems similar to the examples seen in class. By teaching in this way, a lot of the work and deep thought that went into the creation of these mathematical rules is lost. In that sense, people were never taught math thoroughly enough to use it automatically in real life. The second explanation is a little different. It argues that people may develop competence in math classes, but they struggle to translate real-life problems into a format where they can use their mathematics knowledge. This seems most apparent in the case of applying algebra (代数). Students struggle with algebra, but they particularly struggle with word problems. Yet, the equivalent real-life problems are typically much harder than word problems. From this perspective, what people struggle with is not doing math, but recognizing where and how to apply math to real problems. Educational researchers now emphasize the importance of transfer and deep understanding. They believe we need to give students more training in noticing and converting everyday situations into the math problems they know how to solve. By using real-life math applications, students can make connections between math and everyday life. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Most people don’t use math in life, though they have learned it for years. One explanation is that we do not learn math well enough to use it effortlessly. The other is that we fail to recognize where and how to apply math to real problems. Educational researchers suggest more training in turning real- life situations into math problems. (59 words) 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出，大多数人学习数学多年，仍不会在生活中使用数学。关于这个问题，有两种解释。一种解释是，我们学得不够好，无法毫不费力地使用数学。另一个是我们不知道在哪里以及如何将数学应用于实际问题。教育研究人员建议要多训练如何把现实生活情境转化为数学问题。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①The question is why most people don’t, in spite of spending many years practicing it. ②The first explanation blames the failure of education. In that sense, people were never taught math thoroughly enough to use it automatically in real life. ③The second explanation is a little different. From this perspective, what people struggle with is not doing math, but recognizing where and how to apply math to real problems. ④Educational researchers now emphasize the importance of transfer and deep understanding. They believe we need to give students more training in noticing and converting everyday situations into the math problems they know how to solve. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2、3等三个要点进行重组，将第4个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Although spending many years practicing math, most people don’t use it. One explanation says that the failure of teaching math well enough to use it automatically is to blame. Another explanation is that people struggle with recognizing where and how to apply math to real problems. Educational researchers recommend more training in turning everyday situations into math problems. 【点睛】[高分句型1]Most people don’t use math in life, though they have learned it for years. (运用一个主从复合句对第一段进行概括。其中包含though引导的让步状语从句，比较高级。) [高分句型2] One explanation is that we do not learn math well enough to use it effortlessly. (运用一个主从复合句对第二段进行概括。其中包含that引导的表语从句，比较高级。) Ⅵ. Translation (3’+3’+4’+5’=15’) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 87. 既然已经发现了问题，必须采取适当措施来解决。(identify) (汉译英) 【答案】Since the problem has been identified, appropriate measures must be taken to solve it. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句，语态和非谓语。根据所给中文句子，本句可用since引导的原因状语从句，“既然已经发现了问题”为从句，since意为“既然”，“问题”作主语，译为“the problem”，“已经发现了”作谓语，根据题干需用identify，和主语是被动关系，用被动语态，根据“已经”可知用现在完成时，主语是单数，译为“has been identified”，“必须采取适当措施来解决”作主句，“适当措施”作主语，译为“appropriate measures”，“必须采取”作谓语，和主语是被动关系，意为“must be taken”，“来解决”表目的，用不定式作目的状语，译为“to solve it”。故译为：Since the problem has been identified, appropriate measures must be taken to solve it. 88. 公司对这个产品的未来发展相当乐观，因为消费者已经把这个产品和环保联系在一起了。(associate) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The company is quite optimistic about the future development of the product, because the consumers have associated the product with environmental protection. 【解析】 【详解】考查原因状语从句、固定搭配。表示“公司”用the company，作主语，句首单词，首字母大写；表示“对……相当乐观”用be quite optimistic about，本句描述一般事实，时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is；表示“产品的未来发展”用the future development of the product，作about的宾语。表示“因为”用because，引导原因状语从句；从句中：表示“消费者”用the consumers，作从句主语；表示“把……和……联系在一起了”用associate...with...，强调已经完成的动作，从句时态为现在完成时，主语为复数，助动词用have；表示“这个产品”用the product，作have associated的宾语；表示“环保”用environmental protection，作with的宾语。故翻译为The company is quite optimistic about the future development of the product, because the consumers have associated the product with environmental protection. 89. 要不了多少年我们会再次经历今年的酷热，因此节能减排，人人有责。(before) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It won’t be many years before we experience this year’s intense heat again, so it is everyone’s duty/ responsibility to save/ conserve energy and reduce (carbon) emissions. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型、非谓语动词。表示“要不了多少年……就……”用固定句型“It won’t be + 时间段 + before...”。从句中：用we作主语；表示“经历”用experience，时间状语从句需用一般现在时表示将来，主语为we，谓语用动词原形；表示“今年的酷热”用this year’s intense heat，作experience的宾语；表示“再次”用again。表示“因此”用so，连接两个句子；表示“做某事是某人的责任”用it is everyone’s duty/ responsibility to do sth.，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语；表示“节能减排”用save/ conserve energy and reduce (carbon) emissions，用不定式作真正的主语；故翻译为It won’t be many years before we experience this year’s intense heat again, so it is everyone’s duty/ responsibility to save/ conserve energy and reduce (carbon) emissions. 90. 这位八十多岁的老教授把获得的奖金都捐给了他曾经工作的研究院来建立一个基金，旨在保证那些夜以继日地在实验室做实验、记数据、赶报告的年轻研究员的努力都能得到合理的回报。(reward) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This old professor in his 80s donated all his awards/prize money to the institute where he had worked to set up a fund, which aims to make sure that those young researchers who are busy doing experiments, recording data and writing reports in the lab day and night are properly rewarded for their efforts. 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句、宾语从句、非谓语动词、名词（短语）、动词（短语）、形容词短语和副词。整个句子可处理为主从复合句，“这位八十多岁的老教授把获得的奖金都捐给了研究院来建立一个基金”作为主句，“他曾经工作的”作为修饰“研究院”的成分，用限制性定语从句表示，“旨在保证……”作为主句行为的补充说明，用非限制性定语从句表示，“那些年轻研究员的努力都能得到合理的回报”为“保证”的具体内容，用宾语从句表示，“夜以继日地在实验室做实验、记数据、赶报告的”为修饰“研究员”的成分，用限制性定语从句表示。主句描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，主语“这位八十多岁的老教授”可用名词短语this old professor in his 80s，谓语“把……捐给……”可用动词短语donate… to…，donate的宾语“获得的奖金”可用名词短语all his awards或all his prize money，to的宾语“研究院”可用名词the institute，目的状语“来建立一个基金”应用不定式的形式，“建立一个基金”可用动词短语set up a fund。第一个定语从句描述过去的过去发生的事情，时态应用过去完成时，先行词是the institute，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词，主语“他”用代词he，谓语“工作”可用动词work。第二个定语从句描述当前的状况，时态宜用一般现在时，先行词是前面的句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词，谓语部分“旨在做某事”可用动词短语aim to do，aim需用三单形式，“保证”可用动词短语make sure。宾语从句描述当前的状况，时态宜用一般现在时，且该从句成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词，“那些年轻研究员的努力都能得到合理的回报”可理解为“那些年轻研究员因努力而得到合理的回报”，主语“那些年轻研究员”可用名词短语those young researchers，谓语部分“因………得到回报”可用动词短语be rewarded for，be动词应用are，“合理”可用副词properly，作状语，for的宾语“努力”可用名词短语their efforts。第三个定语从句描述当前的状况，时态宜用一般现在时，先行词是young researchers，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，可用关系代词who作引导词，可用be busy doing“忙于做某事”构成系表结构，突出年轻研究员的努力，be动词应用are，“做实验”可用动词短语do experiments，“记数据”可用动词短语record data，“赶报告”可用动词短语write reports，最后两个动词短语之间用并列连词and连接，状语“在实验室”可用介词短语in the lab，状语“日以继夜地”可用固定短语day and night。故可译为：This old professor in his 80s donated all his awards/prize money to the institute where he had worked to set up a fund, which aims to make sure that those young researchers who are busy doing experiments, recording data and writing reports in the lab day and night are properly rewarded for their efforts. 附加题：(10’) Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D and E. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. The following passages discuss This Side of Paradise. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s autobiographyical first novel, written when the author was in his early twenties. Both passages are excerpts from essays by literary critics. Passage 1 The defects of This Side of Paradise should not blind the reader to its importance in Fitzgerald’s career. It marked his movement, clumsy and pasted together as the novel often is, from a clever short-story writer and would-be poet to an ambitious novelist. All his life he was to think of himself primarily as a novelist, to save his best work for his novels, to plunder his published short stories for usable material for them. If he achieved nothing else in this first novel, he had at least taken his scattered literary effusions and his undesirable experiences, sifted them, shaped and reshaped them, often looked at them ironically, and fashioned them into a sustained narrative. Compared with the material he took directly from his Nassau Lit stories, the writing had improved greatly. In many rewritten passages, This Side of Paradise shows Fitzgerald moving to that freshness of language which became his identifying mark. The novel took the bold step that Fitzgerald needed: it confirmed his ideas about the importance of his feelings and about his ability to put them down. It helped Fitzgerald thrash out those “ideas still in riot” that he attributes to Amory (the novel’s main character) at the close of the book: his ideas about love and women, about the Church, about his past, about the importance of being as contrasted with doing. Though it borrowed heavily from the many writers to whom he was attracted, the book still has Fitzgerald’s own stamp: the naiveté and honesty that is part of “the stamp that goes into (each of) my books so that people can read it blind like Braille.” If Amory is not as honest with himself as Fitzgerald’s later characters can be, it is chiefly from a lack of perception rather than from a deliberate desire to deceptive. Finally, though Fitzgerald placed his twin hopes of money and the girl in the book’s great success, the book is not merely contrived to achieve these aims. The badness in it is not that of the professional who shrewdly calculates his effects; it is that of the ambitious amateur writer who produces what seems to him to be witty, fresh, and powerful prose. It is a much better book than The Romantic Egotist, the version he finished before he left Princeton. For Fitzgerald at twenty-three, it was the book he wanted to write, the book he could write, and the book that did get written. Before it even reached its audience, Fitzgerald had found his craft. Passage 2 It has been said by a celebrated person that to meet F. Scott Fitzgerald is to think of a stupid old woman with whom someone has left a diamond; she is extremely proud of the diamond and shows it to everyone who comes by, and everyone is surprised that such an ignorant old woman should possess so valuable a jewel; for in nothing does she appear so inept as in the remarks she makes about the diamond. The person who invented this simile did not know Fitzgerald very well and can only have seen him, I think, in his more diffident or uninspired moods. The reader must not suppose that there is any literal truth in the image. Scott Fitzgerald is, in fact, no old woman, but a very good-looking young man, nor is he in the least stupid, but, on the contrary, exhilaratingly clever. Yet there is a symbolic truth in the description quoted above; it is true that Fitzgerald has been left with a jewel which he doesn’t know quite what to do with. For he has been given imagination without intellectual control of it; he has been given the desire for beauty without an aesthetic ideal; and he has been given a gift for expression without very many ideas to express. Consider, for example, the novel — This Side of Paradise — with which he founded his reputation. It has almost every fault and deficiency that a novel can possibly have. It is not only highly imitative but it imitates an inferior model. Fitzgerald, when he wrote the book, was drunk with Compton Mackenzie, and it sounds like an American attempt to rewrite Sinister Street. Now, Mackenzie, in spite of his gift for picturesque and comic invention and the capacity for pretty writing that he says he learned from Keats, lacks both the intellectual force and the emotional imagination to give body and outline to the material which he secrets in such enormous abundance. With the seeds he took from Keats’s garden, one of the best-arranged gardens in England, he enfloreated (generated flowers) so profusely that he blotted out the path of his own. Michael Fane, the hero of Sinister Street, was swamped in the forest of descriptions; he was smothered by creepers and columbines. From the time he went up to Oxford, his personality began to grow dinner, and, when he last turned up (in Belgrade) he seemed quite to have lost his identity. As a consequence, Amory Blaine, the hero of This Side of Paradise, had a very poor chance of coherence: Fitzgerald did endow him, to be sure, with a certain emotional life which the ghost Michael Fane lacks; but he was quite as much a wavering quantity in a phantasmagoria of incident that had no dominating intention to endow it with unity and force. In short, one of the chief weaknesses of This Side of Paradise is that it is really not about anything: its intellectual and moral content amounts to little more than a gesture — a gesture of indefinite revolt. The story itself, furthermore, is very immaturely imagined: it is always just verging on the ridiculous. And finally, This Side of Paradise is one of the most illiterate books of any merit ever published (a fault which the publisher’s proofreader seems to have made no effort to remedy). Not only is it ornamented with false ideas and faked literary references, but it is full of literary words tossed about with the most reckless inaccuracy. 91. The author of Passage 1 thinks that This Side of Paradise demonstrates Fitzgerald’s ability to ______. A. compose both long stories and short novels B. write short stories C. include poetic language in his writing D. tell a long story E. edit his own writing 92. The author of Passage 1 believes that Fitzgerald’s reputation as a writer rests on ______. A. his original use of words B. his compelling narratives C. the suspensefulness of his plots D. his use of irony E. using bits and pieces to create coherent stories 93. Passage 1 suggests that Amory, the main character of This Side of Paradise,______. A. is a serious and responsible person B. is a thinly disguised version of Fitzgerald C. represents all that Fitzgerald admired D. symbolizes what Fitzgerald wanted to be E. is a composite of people that Fitzgerald knew 94. By hoping that people could read his books “blind like Braille”, Fitzgerald meant that his writing was ______. A. vivid and sensory B. deep and full of meaning C. sophisticated and subtle D. plain and direct E. truthful and innocent 95. Throughout Passage 1, the writing of Fitzgerald is characterized as ______. A. egotistical B. immature C. phony D. optimistic E. deceptively easy to read 96. According to the author of Passage 2, Sinister Street can best be described as ______. A. highly inferior to This Side of Paradise B. more engrossing than This Side of Paradise C. a pale imitation of This Side of Paradise D. an unfortunate model for This Side of Paradise E. more realistic than This Side of Paradise 97. The author of Passage 2 bases much of his criticism of Sinister Street on the grounds that ______. A. the book’s hero is sadly overemotional B. its flowery prose overshadow its hero’s story C. it deals with a conventional subject D. the book lacks wit and inventiveness E. the novel will fail to interest most readers 98. The authors of Passage 1 and Passage 2 agree that This Side of Paradise ______. A. suggests that Fitzgerald is a talented writer B. is the worst of Fitzgerald’s novels C. is a blot on Fitzgerald’s career D. should have been rewritten E. will have a wide audience despite its flaws 99. According to both Passage 1 and Passage 2, a major flaw of This Side of Paradise is its ______. A. one-dimensional characters B. long-winded descriptions C. moralizing D. excessive wordiness E. lack of artistic focus 100. Based on evidence found in Passage 1 and Passage 2, when were the two passages apparently written? A. Both passages were written at about the same time, immediately after the publication of This Side of Paradise. B. Both passages were written long after the publication of This Side of Paradise. C. Both passages were written sometime between the publication of This Side of Paradise and the publication of Fitzgerald’s next novel. D. Passage 1 was written long after the publication of This Side of Paradise; Passage 2 was written shortly afterward. E. Passage 1 was written shortly after the publication of This Side of Paradise; Passage 2 was written long afterward. 【答案】91. D 92. A 93. B 94. E 95. B 96. D 97. B 98. A 99. E 100. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章包含两篇关于菲茨杰拉德的小说《人间天堂》的评论，第一篇对小说持积极态度，第二篇则持批评态度。 【91题详解】 细节理解题。根据Passage 1第一段中“If he achieved nothing else in this first novel, he had at least taken his scattered literary effusions and his undesirable experiences, sifted them, shaped and reshaped them, often looked at them ironically, and fashioned them into a sustained narrative. Compared with the material he took directly from his Nassau Lit stories, the writing had improved greatly. (纵然在这部处女作中并无其他建树，他至少将那些零散的文学激情与不甚愉快的经历加以筛选，反复雕琢，时常以反讽的眼光审视，最终编织成一部连贯的叙事。相较于直接取材自拿骚文学杂志的那些故事，这部作品的笔法已有长足进步)”可知，作者认为菲茨杰拉德在《人间天堂》中展示了他将零散的经历和文学情感整合成一个连贯的长篇故事的能力。故选D项。 【92题详解】 推理判断题。根据Passage 1第一段中“Compared with the material he took directly from his Nassau Lit stories, the writing had improved greatly. In many rewritten passages, This Side of Paradise shows Fitzgerald moving to that freshness of language which became his identifying mark.(相较于直接取材自拿骚文学杂志的那些故事，这部作品的笔法已有长足进步。在诸多重写段落中，《人间天堂》展现了菲茨杰拉德正逐步形成那种清新独特的语言风格——这后来成为他作品的鲜明印记)”可知，菲茨杰拉德清新独特的语言风格是他作品的鲜明印记，由此推知，作者认为菲茨杰拉德对语言的原创性使用为他赢得了声誉。故选A项。 【93题详解】 推理判断题。根据Passage 1第二段中“Though it borrowed heavily from the many writers to whom he was attracted, the book still has Fitzgerald’s own stamp: the naiveté and honesty that is part of “the stamp that goes into (each of) my books so that people can read it blind like Braille.” If Amory is not as honest with himself as Fitzgerald’s later characters can be, it is chiefly from a lack of perception rather than from a deliberate desire to deceptive.(尽管这部小说深受多位菲茨杰拉德心仪作家的影响，但它依然带有其独特的烙印——那种贯穿于“每部作品中的印记，使人们能像阅读盲文般闭目可辨”的纯真与坦率。若说主人公阿莫里未能如作者后期塑造的角色那般直面自我，这主要源于认知的局限，而非蓄意欺瞒)”可知，作者认为阿莫里与菲茨杰拉德本人有相似之处，是稍微掩饰后的菲茨杰拉德。故选B项。 【94题详解】 推理判断题。根据Passage 1第二段中“Though it borrowed heavily from the many writers to whom he was attracted, the book still has Fitzgerald’s own stamp: the naiveté and honesty that is part of “the stamp that goes into (each of) my books so that people can read it blind like Braille.” (尽管这部小说深受多位菲茨杰拉德心仪作家的影响，但它依然带有其独特的烙印——那种贯穿于“每部作品中的印记，使人们能像阅读盲文般闭目可辨”的纯真与坦率)”可知，菲茨杰拉德希望他的作品能够像盲文一样，通过其真诚和天真直接触动读者，即他的写作是真实而天真的。故选E项。 【95题详解】 推理判断题。根据Passage 1第一段中“The defects of This Side of Paradise should not blind the reader to its importance in Fitzgerald’s career. It marked his movement, clumsy and pasted together as the novel often is, from a clever short-story writer and would-be poet to an ambitious novelist. All his life he was to think of himself primarily as a novelist, to save his best work for his novels, to plunder his published short stories for usable material for them. If he achieved nothing else in this first novel, he had at least taken his scattered literary effusions and his undesirable experiences, sifted them, shaped and reshaped them, often looked at them ironically, and fashioned them into a sustained narrative.(尽管《人间天堂》存在缺陷，但读者不应忽视它在菲茨杰拉德创作生涯中的重要地位。这部时常显得笨拙拼凑的小说，标志着他从一个机敏的短篇小说作者兼诗歌爱好者向野心勃勃的小说家转型的关键一步。终其一生，菲茨杰拉德都视自己为小说家，将最出色的创作留给长篇小说，并不断从已发表的短篇中汲取可用素材。纵然在这部处女作中并无其他建树，他至少将那些零散的文学激情与不甚愉快的经历加以筛选，反复雕琢，时常以反讽的眼光审视，最终编织成一部连贯的叙事。相较于直接取材自拿骚文学杂志的那些故事，这部作品的笔法已有长足进步)”可知，《人间天堂》存在缺陷，让人觉得是笨拙拼凑的小说，菲茨杰拉德表现出不成熟的特点。故选B项。 【96题详解】 推理判断题。根据Passage 2第三段中“It is not only highly imitative but it imitates an inferior model. Fitzgerald, when he wrote the book, was drunk with Compton Mackenzie, and it sounds like an American attempt to rewrite Sinister Street.(这不仅是一部高度模仿之作，而且模仿的是次等范本。菲茨杰拉德创作此书时，正沉醉于康普顿·麦肯齐的作品，读起来宛如一部美国版的《恶街》仿写之作)”可知，作者认为《恶街》是《人间天堂》的劣质范本，即《恶街》是《人间天堂》的一个劣质的模仿范本。故选D项。 【97题详解】 推理判断题。根据Passage 2第三段中“Now, Mackenzie, in spite of his gift for picturesque and comic invention and the capacity for pretty writing that he says he learned from Keats, lacks both the intellectual force and the emotional imagination to give body and outline to the material which he secrets in such enormous abundance. With the seeds he took from Keats’s garden, one of the best-arranged gardens in England, he enfloreated (generated flowers) so profusely that he blotted out the path of his own. Michael Fane, the hero of Sinister Street, was swamped in the forest of descriptions; he was smothered by creepers and columbines.(然而，麦肯齐尽管拥有生动诙谐的创作天赋以及自称从济慈那里习得的绮丽文笔，却既缺乏思想深度，又欠缺情感想象力，无法为他如此丰沛的创作素材赋予血肉与轮廓。他从济慈那座英国最精巧的文学花园中采撷种子，却让繁花过度疯长，以至湮没了自己的路径。《险恶街》的主人公迈克尔·范恩最终迷失在芜蔓的描写丛林中，被蔓藤与耧斗菜般的华丽辞藻所窒息)”可知，作者批评《恶街》是因为其华丽的文风掩盖了主人公的故事，即其华丽的散文掩盖了主人公的故事。故选B项。 【98题详解】 推理判断题。根据Passage 1第一段中“If he achieved nothing else in this first novel, he had at least taken his scattered literary effusions and his undesirable experiences, sifted them, shaped and reshaped them, often looked at them ironically, and fashioned them into a sustained narrative. Compared with the material he took directly from his Nassau Lit stories, the writing had improved greatly.(纵然在这部处女作中并无其他建树，他至少将那些零散的文学激情与不甚愉快的经历加以筛选，反复雕琢，时常以反讽的眼光审视，最终编织成一部连贯的叙事。相较于直接取材自拿骚文学杂志的那些故事，这部作品的笔法已有长足进步)”和Passage 1第二段中“Scott Fitzgerald is, in fact, no old woman, but a very good-looking young man, nor is he in the least stupid, but, on the contrary, exhilaratingly clever. (斯科特·菲茨杰拉德实际上并不是一个老妇人，而是一个非常英俊的年轻人，他一点也不笨，相反，非常聪明)”可知，两位作者都认为菲茨杰拉德是有才华的。故选A项。 【99题详解】 推理判断题。根据Passage 1第一段中“It marked his movement, clumsy and pasted together as the novel often is, from a clever short-story writer and would-be poet to an ambitious novelist. All his life he was to think of himself primarily as a novelist, to save his best work for his novels, to plunder his published short stories for usable material for them. If he achieved nothing else in this first novel, he had at least taken his scattered literary effusions and his undesirable experiences, sifted them, shaped and reshaped them, often looked at them ironically, and fashioned them into a sustained narrative.(这部时常显得笨拙拼凑的小说，标志着他从一个机敏的短篇小说作者兼诗歌爱好者向野心勃勃的小说家转型的关键一步。终其一生，菲茨杰拉德都视自己为小说家，将最出色的创作留给长篇小说，并不断从已发表的短篇中汲取可用素材。纵然在这部处女作中并无其他建树，他至少将那些零散的文学激情与不甚愉快的经历加以筛选，反复雕琢，时常以反讽的眼光审视，最终编织成一部连贯的叙事)”和Passage 2第三段中“As a consequence, Amory Blaine, the hero of This Side of Paradise, had a very poor chance of coherence: Fitzgerald did endow him, to be sure, with a certain emotional life which the ghost Michael Fane lacks; but he was quite as much a wavering quantity in a phantasmagoria of incident that had no dominating intention to endow it with unity and force.(因此，《人间天堂》的主人公艾默里·布莱恩几乎注定难以形成完整人格：诚然，菲茨杰拉德确实赋予了他某种情感生活——这是《险恶街》里幽灵般的迈克尔·范恩所缺乏的；但在这个缺乏主导意图来赋予统一性和力量的幻影般事件集里，艾默里同样只是个摇摆不定的存在)”可知，第一篇指出“笨拙拼凑”的结构问题，第二篇批评“缺乏主导意图赋予统一性”，共同指向艺术聚焦的缺失。故选E项。 【100题详解】 推理判断题。根据Passage 1第一段中“If he achieved nothing else in this first novel, he had at least taken his scattered literary effusions and his undesirable experiences, sifted them, shaped and reshaped them, often looked at them ironically, and fashioned them into a sustained narrative. Compared with the material he took directly from his Nassau Lit stories, the writing had improved greatly. (纵然在这部处女作中并无其他建树，他至少将那些零散的文学激情与不甚愉快的经历加以筛选，反复雕琢，时常以反讽的眼光审视，最终编织成一部连贯的叙事。相较于直接取材自拿骚文学杂志的那些故事，这部作品的笔法已有长足进步)”和Passage 2第三段中“Consider, for example, the novel — This Side of Paradise — with which he founded his reputation. It has almost every fault and deficiency that a novel can possibly have.(例如，考虑一下小说《人间天堂》，他凭借这部小说建立了自己的声誉。它几乎具有一部小说可能具有的所有缺点和不足)”可知，第一篇文章对菲茨杰拉德的作品持较为宽容和理解的立场，认为尽管有缺陷，但这部小说在他的创作生涯中具有重要意义，这表明作者在写作时已经能够从更广阔的视角看待菲茨杰拉德的早期作品，可能是在他创作了更多作品并经历了更多文学批评之后；第二篇文章则对菲茨杰拉德的作品持严厉批评态度，指出其缺乏原创性、文学技巧上的不足等问题，这种尖锐的批评可能出现在菲茨杰拉德早期作品刚刚获得关注时，当时评论界可能更倾向于严格审视新作家的作品。故选D项。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $