专题04 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，吉林专用）九年级英语上学期

专题04 阅读理解—说明文 主题01 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·吉林四平·期中）The Romans developed the first water bed. Rich Romans rested in the “bed” which could be pushed gently from side to side, and later it was used for making babies sleep. It is said that the Romans first used gold or stones to make their beds beautiful. It is recorded that the first mattresses (床垫) were quite simple. They were simply some leaves or dry grass around 9,500 BC． Around 3,500 BC, the Egyptian kings were told to sleep on a “bed” with a mattress, which kept the body off the ground during sleeping. The Greeks made the mattresses with animal skins. Soon this kind of mattresses became popular, but of course these belonged to rich people. In the 18th century, mattresses were of good quality. Not long after that, the spring (弹簧) mattresses came into being after the spring was invented in 1865. There were usually either springs or foams (泡沫) in modern mattresses. Some mattresses made of rubber may also be filled with air or water. Some modern mattresses can make you feel more comfortable and fall asleep faster. It’s hard to imagine what kind of mattresses will be invented in the future. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．People got the idea of pushing beds from side to side to make babies sleep in ________. A．Egypt B．Greece C．Rome D．Britain 2．The first mattresses were made of ________. A．animal skins B．leaves or dry grass C．rubber and water D．springs and rubber 3．The spring mattresses might be invented ________. A．after 1865 B．before 1865 C．in the 18th century D．around 9,500 BC 4．Some modern mattresses can make people feel ________. A．very tired B．very nervous C．much safer D．more comfortable 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The Greeks made the mattresses with dry grass. B．The mattresses were of poor quality in the 18th century. C．Romans used gold to make their beds beautiful. D．There are only foams in modern mattresses. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·吉林松原·期中）Tea and coffee are two of the most popular drinks in the world. However, people usually like one more than the other. These drinks also have very different uses. Tea drinking started in China over 4,000 years ago. Tea is made of leaves. These days, some people drink tea for health, using it to help with stress or losing weight. However, most people in tea-drinking countries think of tea as more than just a healthy drink. In fact, tea drinking in some countries is a part of the culture. In the UK, homes and offices usually have tea time. Tea and other dishes are served at tea time in the afternoon. It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers (同事). Coffee came much later than tea, just over 1,000 years ago. Coffee is made from beans (豆). Something in the coffee beans makes a person feel active. Most people do not drink coffee to relax. Instead, they drink coffee to get going. Many people drink coffee in the morning to help them wake up. Others will also drink coffee during short breaks in the afternoon to keep going through the working day. Some people may visit coffee shops just to meet and talk with friends. However, many people in coffee shops drink coffee while working on their computers. Is tea or coffee more common in your country? Between the two, which do you like to drink more? 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．Where did tea drinking start? A．In Japan. B．In China. C．In Turkey. D．In the UK. 2．We can learn from Paragraph 2 that people in the UK ________. A．drink tea to get fat B．offer tea to say goodbye C．think of tea as a bad drink D．have tea to relax themselves 3．What is coffee made from? A．Leaves. B．Sugar. C．Dishes. D．Beans. 4．Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 3? A．Coffee came much earlier than tea. B．Many people drink coffee to wake up. C．Many people work on their computers in coffee shops. D．Some people meet and talk with friends in coffee shops. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．The Smells of Tea and Coffee. B．The Prices of Tea and Coffee. C．The Different Cultures of Tea and Coffee. D．The Different Ways of Making Tea and Coffee. Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）Nowadays, you may feel tired when spending time with friends or other people. It is called social exhaustion (疲劳). This may have a bad influence on your life. So what can you do when you have social exhaustion? You don’t have to join in every social activity. Pick and choose the ones that excite you. Saying yes to every invitation all the time can make you feel worried. Also, although you can’t evade some social activities, such as a family member’s wedding (婚礼) or birthday party, you can usually decide who you would like to spend time with during the activity. Find out what makes you feel worried and which situations make you feel the most exhausted. Knowing what really tires you in social situations can help you find out how to solve it better. Having family or friends to depend on is helpful. Talk to them about how you are feeling and listen to their advice. They might have ideas to help you feel less worried in social situations. Taking some time alone can help you feel better. It can help you understand yourself and how you feel in social situations. Then you can plan your day according to what you need and how much time you can spend with others. These methods can help you solve social exhaustion. Remember, it is good to find a balance (平衡) between looking after yourself and joining in social activities. 根据文章内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What is social exhaustion? A．Feeling lonely when being alone. B．Feeling nervous about making friends. C．Feeling excited about social situations. D．Feeling tired after joining in social activities. 2．What does the underlined word “evade” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Change. B．Organize. C．Avoid. D．Create. 3．How can family and friends help you solve social exhaustion? A．By spending more time with you. B．By providing advice and help. C．By creating friendly situations for you. D．By helping you plan some meaningful activities. 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1②= Paragraph2,...) A． B． C． D． 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Steps to Explain Social Exhaustion B．Advice on Solving Social Exhaustion C．Ways to Solve Problems of Friendship D．Importance of Getting on Better with Your Friends Passage 4 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）①Trees are one of the oldest “citizens (市民)” of our earth. They keep our air clean, reduce noise pollution, improve water quality and provide food and building materials. ②Just like us, trees change a lot as they grow. At one to three years old, young trees learn how to protect themselves. For example, many trees grow thorns (刺) to warn animals not to go near. ③When trees are four years old, they begin to grow very quickly and become strong enough to face challenges later in life. At the age of 15, trees become young adults. They grow more slowly and begin to produce flowers and fruit. ④A tree doesn’t become a real adult until it is 20 to 25 years old. The adult tree reaches its largest size. Not only does the adult tree give us shade (荫凉), oxygen and natural beauty, it is also a great place for a tree house, or a place for us to nap (打盹) , read a book, listen to music or enjoy tea. If the adult tree receives proper care, it will continue to live healthily for many years. ⑤Gradually, trees begin to grow older and older and even die. At this time, they still have their important place in nature. When a tree has been dead and becomes hollow, it provides a hole as a home for small animals to live in. When it is dead, it will be a source (来源) of food for many other animals. ⑥In many ways, the life of a tree is similar to our own life experience. When looking at the life of a tree, we learn that each period of life brings its own form of joy and challenge. Enjoy every minute of it and take care of the trees! 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．According to the passage, when do trees learn to protect themselves? A．At one to three years old. B．At four years old. C．At 15 years old. D．At 20 to 25 years old. 2．Which of the following about trees is NOT true? A．Older trees could do nothing for nature. B．Many young trees grow-thorns to warn animals. C．An adult tree can make a great place for us to nap. D．An adult tree gives us shade, oxygen and natural beauty. 3．What does the underlined word “hollow” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Dead. B．Empty. C．Old. D．Large. 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage?\ (①=Paragraph 1  ②=Paragraph2, …) A．B．C． D． 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．The Life of Trees B．The Love of Nature C．Trees in Our Life D．Loving Trees 主题02 人与社会——社会生活 Passage 1 （23-24九年级上·吉林·期中）Parents can be very important teachers in our lives. However, they are not always the best teachers. Parents may be too close to their children emotionally (感情上) . Sometimes they can only see their children through the eyes of a protector. For example, a teacher might see a trip to a big city as a valuable experience. However, it might seem too dangerous to a parent. Another problem is that parents may expect their children’s interests to be similar to their own. If they love science, they may try to force (强迫) their child to love science, too. Parents usually want to pass on their values to their children. But should children always believe what their parents do? When children are young, they believe that their parents are always right. But when they get older, they will have different ways of thinking. The most important thing to realize is that we all have many teachers in our lives. Our parents teach us, our teachers teach us, and our friends teach us. Books, newspapers and televisions also teach us. All of them are valuable. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．_________ might see a trip to a big city as a valuable experience. A．A parent B．A teacher C．Either a teacher or a parent D．Neither a teacher nor a parent 2．Parents may hope that their children have the same _________ as their own. A．looks B．interests C．habits D．jobs in the future 3．The underlined phrase “pass on” in the third paragraph means “_________”. A．路过 B．继续 C．传递 D．领悟 4．When children get older, they _________. A．don't believe their parents anymore B．should always believe what their parents do C．believe that their parents are always right D．begin to have their own ways of thinking 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．Never Grow up B．Believe Your Parents Forever C．Are Parents Always the Best Teachers D．How Many Teachers Can We Have in Our Lives Passage 2 （23-24九年级上·吉林松原·期中）As you grow older, you’ll be faced with some challenging decisions—like whether to cut class or try cigarettes (香烟). Making decisions on your own is hard enough, but when other people take part in and try to pressure you one way or another, it can be even harder. People who are at your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they try to influence how you act, to get you to do something, it’s called peer pressure. Peers can have a positive (正面的) influence on each other. Maybe another student in your science class taught you an easy way to remember the planets in the solar system (太阳系). Maybe you got others excited about your new favorite book, and now everyone’s reading it. These are examples of how peers positively influence each other. Sometimes peers influence each other in negative (负面的) ways. For example, a few kids in school might try to get you to cut class with them. Your soccer friend might try to convince (使信服) you to be mean to another player and never pass him the ball. It is tough to be the only one who says “no” to peer pressure, but you can do it. Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do. You’ve probably had a parent or teacher advising you to “choose your friends wisely”. Peer pressure is a big reason why they say this. If you choose friends who don’t cut class, smoke cigarettes, or lie to their parents, then you probably won’t do these things either, even if other kids do. If you continue to face peer pressure and you’re finding it difficult to deal with, talk to someone you trust. Don’t feel guilty (内疚) if you’ve made a mistake or two. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What does the underlined word “him” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Another player. B．Your soccer friend. C．Your father. D．Your teacher. 2．The underlined word “tough” in Paragraph 4 is the closest in meaning to “________”. A．difficult B．wise C．helpful D．impolite 3．Which of the following may help deal with peer pressure? A．Spending more time with classmates. B．Taking up more relaxing hobbies. C．Choosing friends with no bad habits. D．Helping others who are in trouble. 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (P= Paragraph) A．B． C． D． 5．For whom is the passage most probably written? A．Students. B．Parents. C．Teachers. D．Doctors. Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）Over one billion tons of food is wasted each year. Take bread, one of the most wasted products, as an example. In France, tons of bread has to be thrown away each year because of a short shelf life. What should we do? Six years ago, Franck Wallet thought up a solution. He created the Crumbler, a machine that turns old bread into fine crumbs (面包屑), which can be used to make bread. More than a hundred bakeries have begun using the machine. The resulting bread is darker than the white French bread that most customers are used to. Also, this kind of bread which is made from the Crumbler’s crumbs lasts longer than the bread that is made from common flour. People have come up with several other ways to reduce bread waste. For example, Toast Ale is a kind of popular beer that is made from wasted bread. In the Netherlands, companies in several cities have used containers (容器) to collect unused bread. The bread that is collected is turned into natural gas or fertilizer (肥料). This practice reduces food waste and also cuts off a food source for mice. There is still much to do to solve the problem of food waste. But creative solutions like the Crumbler and Toast Ale can go a long way towards making our planet a better place to live. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．When a kind of food has a short shelf life, what might happen? A．It is easier to be eaten by mice. B．It tastes better than other foods. C．It may be eaten up in months. D．People have to eat it in a short time. 2．The underlined word “flour” here means “________” in English. A．a piece of equipment that is used to do a particular job B．a particular way of doing something C．white or brown powder that is made by grinding (磨碎) grain D．a person whose job is to keep a particular type of equipment in good condition 3．What’s the main idea of the third and fourth paragraphs? A．People are making a kind of popular beer out of bread. B．People reduce bread waste by turning it into useful things. C．People have tried to cut down bread waste for a long time. D．People in the Netherlands are cutting off a food source for mice. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．B． C． D． 5．Why did the writer write the passage? A．Because the writer wanted to introduce how to reduce bread waste. B．Because the writer wanted to describe the problem of wasting food. C．Because the writer wanted to explain why we should stop wasting. D．Because the writer wanted to discuss how to use old bread. Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）How do we know the time? A clock, a watch or a mobile phone can help us. However, many years ago there were no clocks and knowing the time was not so easy. Over the centuries, people have developed different ways of telling the time. About 5,500 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock. This was a tall stone building. Its shadow (影子) showed the movement of the sun. So people were able to know midday. The Egyptians made a sundial about 3,500 years ago. It was smaller than the sun clock and could let people know the time for half a day. On cloudy days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial. Water clocks were the first clocks not to use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flows (流动) from one bottle to another. When the water reaches a certain level, it shows the hours. The Egyptians used water clocks about 3,400 years ago. These clocks were popular in the Middle East and China. But they failed to make people know the exact time. In the 13th century, the mechanical clock was invented. This was more exact, but it was expensive to make one. Over the next few centuries it was developed. For example, spring (发条) were added around 1500. This enabled people to get the correct time and allowed clocks to be smaller. In 1927, the first quartz clock was developed. Clocks became cheaper to build. It’s also cheaper for ordinary people to own a clock. People began depending on them more and more to run business, markets and so on. More recently, in 1956, came the digital clock. And nowadays satellites send our mobile phones the time to the exact second. There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping. Clocks are always changing but some things never change. Many of us still have trouble getting out of bed on time and not being late for school or work. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．According to the passage, we can’t use the ________ to tell the time on a rainy day. A．water clock B．sun clock C．digital clock D．mechanical clock 2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “ordinary” in the third paragraph? A．modern B．special C．rich D．common 3．How many kinds of clocks are mentioned in the passage? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? （①—paragraph 1,  ②—paragraph 2, …） A．B．C． D． 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The importance of time. B．The development of timekeeping. C．The inventions of clocks. D．The history of a digital clock. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）①Do you know DogTV, the first television channel (频道) for dogs? It appeared in America in 2012. Now, it is available in 14 countries, including Australia, China, France, the UK, etc. ②Believe it or not, DogTV didn’t start as a TV channel for dogs. The idea for Pet TV came from Ron Levi. To let his cat Charlie have fun while he was out, Ron did some research and began to work with scientists and pet experts to bring his idea to life. To their surprise, dogs showed more interest in different kinds of programs than cats. Pet TV finally became DogTV. ③DogTV was developed to make stay-at-home dogs comfortable and happy. It provides relaxing videos and music for dogs. Each program is for about 3 to 6 minutes. In the morning, programs are to get dogs out of bed and keep moving for the day. In the middle of the day, programs are to calm dogs while they are worried at home alone. Scared programs with pictures and sounds can help them get used to the things for dogs. The channel even has educational programs on health and training. ④A lot of thought goes into the making of every DogTV program. DogTV turned to animal experts to create suitable (合适的) shows for dogs’ seeing and hearing. Dogs are color-blind (色盲的). They can only see blue and yellow, and they can’t see red or green. So the DogTV shows might sound and look a little different to people’s ears and eyes. But don’t worry, DogTV also has programs for pet parents. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．When did DogTV appear in America? A．In 2012. B．Before 14 days. C．After 6 minutes. D．In the morning. 2．Who does the idea for DogTV come from? A．Pet experts. B．Ron Levi. C．A stay-home dog. D．Pet parents. 3．What can DogTV do for dogs? ①Provide relaxing videos and music.    ②Help them see red and green. ③Help them get used to the scaring things.    ④ Get them out of bed and keep moving. A．②③④ B．①②③ C．①②④ D．①③④ 4．What does the underlined word “calm” mean? A．Be slow. B．Be easy. C．Be not worried. D．Be not busy. 5．Which structure (结构) of the following is RIGHT from the passage? A． B． C． D． 主题02 人与社会——社会生活 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）①Have you ever thought about what’s more important, looking fashionable (时尚的) or feeling comfortable? You might have noticed many people choosing style over comfort and some even go to extremes (极端) to follow fashion. But we should remember: being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy. ②Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So they start extreme diets (极端饮食) that are not good for their health. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live? ③Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels. They might think high heels make them look taller. But these shoes can actually hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably, and it can increase risks of falls. Some even wear tight clothes that influence blood circulation (循环), making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health? ④Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair color. The material they use is usually bad for their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair. But using these tools too often or at very high temperatures can make the hair dry or even burned. Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money? ⑤So, let’s rethink what’s really important. Is it fashion or is it our well-being? Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character (性格). Instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use that time to do fun things with friends. And instead of following extreme diets, let’s eat properly and exercise regularly (规律地). Remember, your worth is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Why do some people go on extreme diets according to the passage? A．Because the diets are healthy. B．Because they just want to look good. C．Because they want to save time. D．Because they want to save money. 2．What is the writer’s purpose (目的) of using a question in each paragraph (段落)? A．To ask for help from readers. B．To tell how to spend time and money. C．To describe the newest fashion. D．To lead readers to think about the topic (主题). 3．What does the underlined word “well-being” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Growth. B．Health. C．Warmth. D．Truth. 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (① = Paragraph 1 ② = Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．Trying to tell readers how to look fashionable. B．Trying to tell readers health is more important than good look. C．Trying to tell readers clothes or hairstyles decide a person’s character. D．Trying to tell readers to do fun things with friends. 主题03 其他 Passage 1 （23-24九年级上·河北石家庄·期中）Imagine you need to send an important document (文件) far away as soon as possible. How would you do it? Chances are that you would use email or a smartphone app. However, for many people, the answer to that question is the fax machine. The first fax machine was invented in 1843 by Alexander Bain. Then in 1964, modem fax machines became widely available. In the 1980s and 1990s, they were considered the fastest and safest way to send information. With the development of technology, you might think email would have made the fax machine a thing of the past, but you’d be wrong. Fax use continues to grow by more than 12% every year. One explanation is that fax machines are still easier to use for documents that are written by hand. But the real reason for their continued use has to do with security (安全). Email is convenient, but it can be hacked. This is a danger for governments, hospitals and other organizations. Using a fax machine allows information to go directly from one place to another without needing to be saved on a computer. It can then be kept in a physical location where it’s more difficult to steal. Fax machine technology grew quickly throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and it continues to develop today! 1．When was the first fax machine invented? A．In 1843. B．In 1964. C．In 1980. D．In 1990. 2．What is the real reason people keep using the fax machine? A．Because it is fast. B．Because it is convenient. C．Because it is safe. D．Because it has a long history. 3．What does the underlined word “hack” probably mean? A．Turn into B．Check out C．Find out D．Break into 4．What can we know about the fax machine? A．It is only used in the hospital. B．It is hardly developing today. C．It makes email a thing of the past. D．It can send documents written by hand. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．The style of the fax machine. B．The history and advantages of the fax machine. C．The way of using fax machine. D．The future of fax machine. Passage 2 （23-24九年级上·吉林·期中）With the development of Chinese and Western culture, more and more people go to different countries to study. As learners, we need to know the cultural differences. In this way, it can help learners learn the second language well. At the same time, it can help learners make fewer mistakes, too. First, Western people say their opinions directly, while Chinese act oppositely. So if you are not satisfied with a foreigner, you just need to speak it out. Don’t hide your feelings, because he or she can’t understand your thoughts. Second, the opinion about things is different between Chinese and Western people. We Chinese seem to be more worried about tomorrow and like to save money, while Western people like to spend tomorrow’s money. Western people believe that they should enjoy life today and tomorrow is another thing. But remember, there is no judgement about which one is better. We just need to know the differences and learn to understand each other. Every country’s culture has its own special meaning. What we need to do is respecting (尊重) each other’s culture and getting along with each other peacefully. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．Learners need to know the cultural differences because it can help learners ________. A．make no mistakes B．make more friends C．learn worse in the school D．learn the second language well 2．What should you do when you are not satisfied with a foreigner? A．Speak out our thoughts. B．Say nothing to him. C．Try to understand him. D．Get away from him. 3．What is the difference between Chinese and Western values? A．Chinese don’t care about tomorrow at all. B．Chinese like spending tomorrow’s money. C．Western people worry about the future. D．Western people don’t save money for the future. 4．What does the underlined word “judgement” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese? A．规则 B．评判 C．标准 D．等级 5．Which shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1……) A．①-②③-④ B．①-②③④ C．①-②-③④ D．①②③-④ Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）When you are learning English, you find it not clever to put an English sentence, word for word, into your own language. Take the sentence “How do you do?” as an example. If you look up each word in the dictionary, once at a time, what is your translation(翻译)? It must be a wrong sentence in your own language. Languages do not just have different sounds. They are different in many ways. It’s important to master(掌握)the rules for word order(顺序)in the study of English, too. If the speakers put words in a wrong order, the listener can’t understand the speakers’ sentences easily. Sometimes when the order of words in an English sentence is changed, the meaning of the sentence changes. But            sometimes when the order is changed, the meaning of the sentence doesn’t change. Let’s see the difference between the two pairs of sentences. “She only likes apples.” “Only she likes apples.” “I’ve seen the film already.” “I have already seen the film.” When you are learning English, you must do your best to get the spirit(精神实质)of the language and use it as the English speakers do. 1．From the passage we know that ________when we are learning English. A．we shouldn’t put every word into our own language B．we should look up every word in the dictionary C．we need to put every word into our own language D．we must read word by word 2．The writer thinks it is _______ in learning English. A．difficult to understand different sounds B．possible to remember the word order C．important to master the rules in different ways D．easy to master the rules for word order 3．We can learn from the passage that ________. A．the meaning of an English sentence always changes with the order of the words B．the order of words can never change the meaning of an English sentence C．sometimes different order of words has a different meaning D．if the order of words is different, the meaning of the sentence must be different 4．“She only likes apples.” ________. A．is the same as “Only she likes apples.” B．is different from “Only she likes apples.” C．means “She likes fruit except apples.” D．means “She doesn’t like apples.” 5．Which is the best title for this passage? A．Different Orders, Different Meanings B．How to Speak English? C．How to Put English into Our Own Language? D．How to Learn English? Passage 4 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）①Yundang Lake is in Xiamen, Fujian. The lake has been a popular place for people to have a good time. However, it was quite different forty years ago. ②In the early 1980s, the economy (经济) developed rapidly. With more factories appearing, much waste water went into Yundang Lake. That caused serious pollution in the area. To improve the situation, the government came up with several ideas. ③The first one was to stop pollution by closing the factories or asking them to move. Later, the government cleared up sea dikes (堤坝). The dikes could prevent the seawater pouring into the city. However, the dikes also caused pollution problems. The Xiamen government decided to open up the sea walls and clear out the rubbish inside. Since 1988, Xiamen has opened seven sea dikes. The Xiamen government’s hard work has improved the environment. ④The Xiamen government also built “forest-friendly” areas along Yundang Lake. Until last year, the forests had increased to 1.74 km2 from around 0.33 km2 in 2000. ⑤“We are not only making the environment better, but also trying to save the city’s culture,” a worker from the government said. “For example, our sailing sports (帆船运动) lead the way in China. People in Xiamen no longer just watch the sea from far away. They can now see dolphins (海豚) in the sea.” 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What can we know from Paragraph 1? A．The park has a history of 40 years. B．Yundang Lake has changed a lot. C．Few people would like to visit Yundang Lake. D．Yundang Lake is better than other lakes in Xiamen. 2．What caused serious pollution to Yundang Lake in the early 1980s? A．The sea animals. B．The visitors. C．The waste water. D．The sea dikes. 3．What does the underlined word “prevent” probably mean? A．Stop. B．Report. C．Discover. D．Keep. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Dolphins are now common in Xiamen. B．Xiamen is famous for its sailing sports. C．People in Xiamen have changed the way they live and work. D．The government is trying to protect the city’s culture. 5．What lead the way in China in Xiamen? A．City’s culture B．dolphins C．sailing sports D．sea dikes Passage 5 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）If you ask me to tell how to get along in the United States, I think the following “dos” and “don’ts” would be helpful. Generally speaking, it isn’t easy to find someone to talk to in a busy city, so you should try to do the following. First, get or borrow a dog! Walk it several times a day! Americans love dogs and cats and usually stop to talk to anyone with a dog. Then, try to eat in a restaurant. People generally share the same table and will sometimes talk to you if they see you are new there. Next, take your dirty clothes to a laundry (洗衣店)! It takes about an hour to wash and dry them and people there often spend the time talking with each other. Always ask for information from a woman if you are a man, and from a man, if you are a woman! Learn to say “Please”, “Thank you” and “You are welcome” and use them all the time. There are some things you shouldn’t do. Don’t tell the truth when people ask, “How are you?” The only answer they want is “Fine”. Never ask people their age-especially women! Everyone wants to be young. Don’t tell heavy people they are fat. Tell them they are losing weight. Everyone wants to be thin. Don’t be late when meeting people! When someone says six o’ clock, be sure to be there before six. Americans respect (尊重) time and want everyone to be on time. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．It isn’t easy to find someone to talk to in the USA because ________. A．the streets are empty B．you are new there C．people there are busy D．you don’t have time 2．Americans like talking to ________. A．dogs and cats B．women C．men D．those who are walking a dog 3．When talking to people there, you may say ________. A．“How are you?” B．“How old are you?” C．“What is your weight?” D．“You seem to be fat.” 4．The phrase “heavy people” means ________. A．people who do heavy work B．people who are important C．people who are thin D．people who are weighing too much 5．If you visit a friend, you ________. A．can be there at any time B．may be there a little late C．had better arrive very early D．should be there at the right time / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解—说明文 主题01 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·吉林四平·期中）The Romans developed the first water bed. Rich Romans rested in the “bed” which could be pushed gently from side to side, and later it was used for making babies sleep. It is said that the Romans first used gold or stones to make their beds beautiful. It is recorded that the first mattresses (床垫) were quite simple. They were simply some leaves or dry grass around 9,500 BC． Around 3,500 BC, the Egyptian kings were told to sleep on a “bed” with a mattress, which kept the body off the ground during sleeping. The Greeks made the mattresses with animal skins. Soon this kind of mattresses became popular, but of course these belonged to rich people. In the 18th century, mattresses were of good quality. Not long after that, the spring (弹簧) mattresses came into being after the spring was invented in 1865. There were usually either springs or foams (泡沫) in modern mattresses. Some mattresses made of rubber may also be filled with air or water. Some modern mattresses can make you feel more comfortable and fall asleep faster. It’s hard to imagine what kind of mattresses will be invented in the future. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．People got the idea of pushing beds from side to side to make babies sleep in ________. A．Egypt B．Greece C．Rome D．Britain 2．The first mattresses were made of ________. A．animal skins B．leaves or dry grass C．rubber and water D．springs and rubber 3．The spring mattresses might be invented ________. A．after 1865 B．before 1865 C．in the 18th century D．around 9,500 BC 4．Some modern mattresses can make people feel ________. A．very tired B．very nervous C．much safer D．more comfortable 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The Greeks made the mattresses with dry grass. B．The mattresses were of poor quality in the 18th century. C．Romans used gold to make their beds beautiful. D．There are only foams in modern mattresses. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了床垫的发展。 1．细节理解题。根据文章“Rich Romans rested in the ‘bed’ which could be pushed gently from side to side, and later it was used for making babies sleep.”可知，是在罗马起源了这个想法，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章“It is recorded that the first mattresses (床垫) were quite simple. They were simply some leaves or dry grass around 9,500 BC.”可知，最早的床垫是用树叶或干草做的，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章“Not long after that, the spring mattresses came into being after the spring was invented in 1865.”可知，弹簧床垫是在1865年后出现的，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据文章“Some modern mattresses can make you feel more comfortable and fall asleep faster.”可知，一些现代床垫可以让人感觉更舒适，故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据文章“It is said that the Romans first used gold or stones to make their beds beautiful.”可知，罗马人用金子来使床更美观，故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·吉林松原·期中）Tea and coffee are two of the most popular drinks in the world. However, people usually like one more than the other. These drinks also have very different uses. Tea drinking started in China over 4,000 years ago. Tea is made of leaves. These days, some people drink tea for health, using it to help with stress or losing weight. However, most people in tea-drinking countries think of tea as more than just a healthy drink. In fact, tea drinking in some countries is a part of the culture. In the UK, homes and offices usually have tea time. Tea and other dishes are served at tea time in the afternoon. It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers (同事). Coffee came much later than tea, just over 1,000 years ago. Coffee is made from beans (豆). Something in the coffee beans makes a person feel active. Most people do not drink coffee to relax. Instead, they drink coffee to get going. Many people drink coffee in the morning to help them wake up. Others will also drink coffee during short breaks in the afternoon to keep going through the working day. Some people may visit coffee shops just to meet and talk with friends. However, many people in coffee shops drink coffee while working on their computers. Is tea or coffee more common in your country? Between the two, which do you like to drink more? 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．Where did tea drinking start? A．In Japan. B．In China. C．In Turkey. D．In the UK. 2．We can learn from Paragraph 2 that people in the UK ________. A．drink tea to get fat B．offer tea to say goodbye C．think of tea as a bad drink D．have tea to relax themselves 3．What is coffee made from? A．Leaves. B．Sugar. C．Dishes. D．Beans. 4．Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 3? A．Coffee came much earlier than tea. B．Many people drink coffee to wake up. C．Many people work on their computers in coffee shops. D．Some people meet and talk with friends in coffee shops. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．The Smells of Tea and Coffee. B．The Prices of Tea and Coffee. C．The Different Cultures of Tea and Coffee. D．The Different Ways of Making Tea and Coffee. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了茶和咖啡是世界上最受欢迎的两种饮料，以及这两种饮料不同的用途。 1．细节理解题。根据“Tea drinking started in China over 4,000 years ago.”可知，饮茶起源于中国。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“In the UK, homes and offices usually have tea time. Tea and other dishes are served at tea time in the afternoon. It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers (同事).”可知，英国人喝茶是为了放松。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Coffee is made from beans (豆).”可知，咖啡是由豆子制成的。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Coffee came much later than tea, just over 1,000 years ago.”可知，咖啡的出现比茶晚得多，因此选项A表述错误。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是茶和咖啡及其所承载的不同文化，选项C最符合文章主题。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）Nowadays, you may feel tired when spending time with friends or other people. It is called social exhaustion (疲劳). This may have a bad influence on your life. So what can you do when you have social exhaustion? You don’t have to join in every social activity. Pick and choose the ones that excite you. Saying yes to every invitation all the time can make you feel worried. Also, although you can’t evade some social activities, such as a family member’s wedding (婚礼) or birthday party, you can usually decide who you would like to spend time with during the activity. Find out what makes you feel worried and which situations make you feel the most exhausted. Knowing what really tires you in social situations can help you find out how to solve it better. Having family or friends to depend on is helpful. Talk to them about how you are feeling and listen to their advice. They might have ideas to help you feel less worried in social situations. Taking some time alone can help you feel better. It can help you understand yourself and how you feel in social situations. Then you can plan your day according to what you need and how much time you can spend with others. These methods can help you solve social exhaustion. Remember, it is good to find a balance (平衡) between looking after yourself and joining in social activities. 根据文章内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What is social exhaustion? A．Feeling lonely when being alone. B．Feeling nervous about making friends. C．Feeling excited about social situations. D．Feeling tired after joining in social activities. 2．What does the underlined word “evade” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Change. B．Organize. C．Avoid. D．Create. 3．How can family and friends help you solve social exhaustion? A．By spending more time with you. B．By providing advice and help. C．By creating friendly situations for you. D．By helping you plan some meaningful activities. 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1②= Paragraph2,...) A． B． C． D． 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Steps to Explain Social Exhaustion B．Advice on Solving Social Exhaustion C．Ways to Solve Problems of Friendship D．Importance of Getting on Better with Your Friends 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了几种应对“社交疲劳”的方法，强调在照顾自己和参与社交活动之间找到平衡的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据“Nowadays, you may feel tired when spending time with friends or other people. It is called social exhaustion (疲劳).”可知，“社交疲劳”指的是和朋友或其他人在一起的时候，可能会感到疲倦，即参加社会活动后感到疲劳。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“such as a family member’s wedding (婚礼) or birthday party”可知，家庭成员的婚礼或生日聚会是无法避免的社交活动；“evade”表示“避免”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Talk to them about how you are feeling and listen to their advice. They might have ideas to help you feel less worried in social situations.”可知，家人和朋友可以提供一些建议或帮助，来帮助你解决“社交疲劳”这个问题。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段点明了文章的主旨，即遇到“社交疲劳”这个问题时，应该如何做；第二、三、四、五段是可采用的方法；第六段是总结全文。因此本文是总-分-总结构。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了几种应对“社交疲劳”的方法，强调在照顾自己和参与社交活动之间找到平衡的重要性。B选项“解决社交疲劳的建议”符合文意。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）①Trees are one of the oldest “citizens (市民)” of our earth. They keep our air clean, reduce noise pollution, improve water quality and provide food and building materials. ②Just like us, trees change a lot as they grow. At one to three years old, young trees learn how to protect themselves. For example, many trees grow thorns (刺) to warn animals not to go near. ③When trees are four years old, they begin to grow very quickly and become strong enough to face challenges later in life. At the age of 15, trees become young adults. They grow more slowly and begin to produce flowers and fruit. ④A tree doesn’t become a real adult until it is 20 to 25 years old. The adult tree reaches its largest size. Not only does the adult tree give us shade (荫凉), oxygen and natural beauty, it is also a great place for a tree house, or a place for us to nap (打盹) , read a book, listen to music or enjoy tea. If the adult tree receives proper care, it will continue to live healthily for many years. ⑤Gradually, trees begin to grow older and older and even die. At this time, they still have their important place in nature. When a tree has been dead and becomes hollow, it provides a hole as a home for small animals to live in. When it is dead, it will be a source (来源) of food for many other animals. ⑥In many ways, the life of a tree is similar to our own life experience. When looking at the life of a tree, we learn that each period of life brings its own form of joy and challenge. Enjoy every minute of it and take care of the trees! 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．According to the passage, when do trees learn to protect themselves? A．At one to three years old. B．At four years old. C．At 15 years old. D．At 20 to 25 years old. 2．Which of the following about trees is NOT true? A．Older trees could do nothing for nature. B．Many young trees grow-thorns to warn animals. C．An adult tree can make a great place for us to nap. D．An adult tree gives us shade, oxygen and natural beauty. 3．What does the underlined word “hollow” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Dead. B．Empty. C．Old. D．Large. 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage?\ (①=Paragraph 1  ②=Paragraph2, …) A．B．C． D． 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．The Life of Trees B．The Love of Nature C．Trees in Our Life D．Loving Trees 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍的是树木的成长周期及其每个阶段的作用。 1．细节理解题。根据“At one to three years old, young trees learn how to protect themselves.”可知，树在一到三岁时学会保护自己。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Gradually, trees begin to grow older and older and even die. At this time, they still have their important place in nature.”可知，老树仍然对自然有重要作用，因此A选项不正确。故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据“When a tree has been dead and becomes hollow, it provides a hole as a home for small animals to live in.”可知，后文提到了会为小动物提供一个洞作为栖息地，因此“hollow”在第五段中指“空的”，即“Empty”。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段讲述了树是地球上最年长的公民，为地球做出了很多贡献；第2~5段介绍了树生长的进程；最后一段是总结全文，说明树和人类一样，有着自己的一生，因此本文是总分总结构。故选C。 5．标题归纳题。根据“Just like us, trees change a lot as they grow.”以及“In many ways, the life of a tree is similar to our own life experience.”及全文可知，本文介绍了树和人一样，有着完整的一生。选项A“树的一生”适合作为文章标题。故选A。 主题02 人与社会——社会生活 Passage 1 （23-24九年级上·吉林·期中）Parents can be very important teachers in our lives. However, they are not always the best teachers. Parents may be too close to their children emotionally (感情上) . Sometimes they can only see their children through the eyes of a protector. For example, a teacher might see a trip to a big city as a valuable experience. However, it might seem too dangerous to a parent. Another problem is that parents may expect their children’s interests to be similar to their own. If they love science, they may try to force (强迫) their child to love science, too. Parents usually want to pass on their values to their children. But should children always believe what their parents do? When children are young, they believe that their parents are always right. But when they get older, they will have different ways of thinking. The most important thing to realize is that we all have many teachers in our lives. Our parents teach us, our teachers teach us, and our friends teach us. Books, newspapers and televisions also teach us. All of them are valuable. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．_________ might see a trip to a big city as a valuable experience. A．A parent B．A teacher C．Either a teacher or a parent D．Neither a teacher nor a parent 2．Parents may hope that their children have the same _________ as their own. A．looks B．interests C．habits D．jobs in the future 3．The underlined phrase “pass on” in the third paragraph means “_________”. A．路过 B．继续 C．传递 D．领悟 4．When children get older, they _________. A．don't believe their parents anymore B．should always believe what their parents do C．believe that their parents are always right D．begin to have their own ways of thinking 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．Never Grow up B．Believe Your Parents Forever C．Are Parents Always the Best Teachers D．How Many Teachers Can We Have in Our Lives 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作为孩子很重要的老师之一，父母对孩子的教育方式带来的影响不一定都是正面的。孩子一生中应该有许多老师，他们可以通过身边人和各种不同的信息渠道受到教育。 1．细节理解题。根据“For example, a teacher might see a trip to a big city as a valuable experience”可知，老师可能会认为去大城市旅行是一次宝贵的经历。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Another problem is that parents may expect their children’s interests to be similar to their own”可知，父母可能希望孩子的兴趣与自己的相似。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“But should children always believe what their parents do?”可推测，此处是在说父母向孩子传递自己的价值观。pass on有“传递”之意，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“But when they get older, they will have different ways of thinking”可知，当孩子长大之后，他们会有自己的想法。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，父母作为孩子的老师并不一定总是优秀的，他们会将自己的兴趣及价值观灌输给孩子，而不考虑孩子的实际情况，但孩子长大后，也会慢慢有不同的思考方法。C选项“父母总是最好的老师吗”符合题意，故选C。 Passage 2 （23-24九年级上·吉林松原·期中）As you grow older, you’ll be faced with some challenging decisions—like whether to cut class or try cigarettes (香烟). Making decisions on your own is hard enough, but when other people take part in and try to pressure you one way or another, it can be even harder. People who are at your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they try to influence how you act, to get you to do something, it’s called peer pressure. Peers can have a positive (正面的) influence on each other. Maybe another student in your science class taught you an easy way to remember the planets in the solar system (太阳系). Maybe you got others excited about your new favorite book, and now everyone’s reading it. These are examples of how peers positively influence each other. Sometimes peers influence each other in negative (负面的) ways. For example, a few kids in school might try to get you to cut class with them. Your soccer friend might try to convince (使信服) you to be mean to another player and never pass him the ball. It is tough to be the only one who says “no” to peer pressure, but you can do it. Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do. You’ve probably had a parent or teacher advising you to “choose your friends wisely”. Peer pressure is a big reason why they say this. If you choose friends who don’t cut class, smoke cigarettes, or lie to their parents, then you probably won’t do these things either, even if other kids do. If you continue to face peer pressure and you’re finding it difficult to deal with, talk to someone you trust. Don’t feel guilty (内疚) if you’ve made a mistake or two. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What does the underlined word “him” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Another player. B．Your soccer friend. C．Your father. D．Your teacher. 2．The underlined word “tough” in Paragraph 4 is the closest in meaning to “________”. A．difficult B．wise C．helpful D．impolite 3．Which of the following may help deal with peer pressure? A．Spending more time with classmates. B．Taking up more relaxing hobbies. C．Choosing friends with no bad habits. D．Helping others who are in trouble. 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (P= Paragraph) A．B． C． D． 5．For whom is the passage most probably written? A．Students. B．Parents. C．Teachers. D．Doctors. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了什么是同辈压力，同时指出同龄人彼此之间会产生积极或消极的影响，并给出缓解同辈压力的建议。 1．词义猜测题。根据“Your soccer friend might try to convince (使信服) you to be mean to another player and never pass him the ball.”可知你的足球朋友可能会试图说服你对另一个球员刻薄，永远不要把球传给他，故此处him指代“另一个球员”。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“It is tough to be the only one who says ‘no’ to peer pressure, but you can do it.”可知成为唯一一个对同伴压力说“不”的人是很难的，故此处划线部分和difficult意义相近。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“If you choose friends who don’t cut class, smoke cigarettes, or lie to their parents, then you probably won’t do these things either, even if other kids do.”可知如果你选择的朋友不旷课、不抽烟或不骗父母，那么你可能也不会做这些事情，即使其他孩子做了，所以选择没有坏习惯的朋友可以帮助处理同辈压力。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。第一段主要解释了什么是同辈压力；第二和第三段介绍了同龄人可以对彼此产生积极或消极的影响；第四、五、六段给出了缓解同辈压力的建议。故选项A符合文章结构。故选A。 5．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了什么是同辈压力，同时指出同龄人彼此之间会产生积极或消极的影响，并给出缓解同辈压力的建议，可推知文章是写给学生的。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）Over one billion tons of food is wasted each year. Take bread, one of the most wasted products, as an example. In France, tons of bread has to be thrown away each year because of a short shelf life. What should we do? Six years ago, Franck Wallet thought up a solution. He created the Crumbler, a machine that turns old bread into fine crumbs (面包屑), which can be used to make bread. More than a hundred bakeries have begun using the machine. The resulting bread is darker than the white French bread that most customers are used to. Also, this kind of bread which is made from the Crumbler’s crumbs lasts longer than the bread that is made from common flour. People have come up with several other ways to reduce bread waste. For example, Toast Ale is a kind of popular beer that is made from wasted bread. In the Netherlands, companies in several cities have used containers (容器) to collect unused bread. The bread that is collected is turned into natural gas or fertilizer (肥料). This practice reduces food waste and also cuts off a food source for mice. There is still much to do to solve the problem of food waste. But creative solutions like the Crumbler and Toast Ale can go a long way towards making our planet a better place to live. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．When a kind of food has a short shelf life, what might happen? A．It is easier to be eaten by mice. B．It tastes better than other foods. C．It may be eaten up in months. D．People have to eat it in a short time. 2．The underlined word “flour” here means “________” in English. A．a piece of equipment that is used to do a particular job B．a particular way of doing something C．white or brown powder that is made by grinding (磨碎) grain D．a person whose job is to keep a particular type of equipment in good condition 3．What’s the main idea of the third and fourth paragraphs? A．People are making a kind of popular beer out of bread. B．People reduce bread waste by turning it into useful things. C．People have tried to cut down bread waste for a long time. D．People in the Netherlands are cutting off a food source for mice. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．B． C． D． 5．Why did the writer write the passage? A．Because the writer wanted to introduce how to reduce bread waste. B．Because the writer wanted to describe the problem of wasting food. C．Because the writer wanted to explain why we should stop wasting. D．Because the writer wanted to discuss how to use old bread. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲的是食物浪费现象很严重，以面包为例，介绍了几种减少面包浪费的方法。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“In France, tons of bread has to be thrown away each year because of a short shelf life.”可知，在法国，每年有成吨的面包因为保质期短而被扔掉；可推断出当一种食物的保质期很短时，人们不得不在短时间内吃掉它。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Also, this kind of bread which is made from the Crumbler’s crumbs lasts longer than the bread that is made from common flour.”可知，这种由面包屑制成的面包比普通面粉制成的面包保质期长；可推断出“flour”意为“面粉”，与C选项“white or brown powder that is made by grinding grain”意思相近。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据“People have come up with several other ways to reduce bread waste.”以及通读第四段可知，第三段和第四段主要讲的是人们通过把面包变成有用的东西来减少面包浪费。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段总起全文，以面包为例，介绍食物浪费的现象；第二段、第三段和第四段主要介绍了几种减少面包浪费的方法；第五段总结全文，主要讲的是解决食物浪费问题还有很多工作要做。文章结构为“总分总”，C选项图符合题意。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“In France, tons of bread has to be thrown away each year because of a short shelf life. What should we do?”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是食物浪费现象很严重，以面包为例，介绍了几种减少面包浪费的方法；作者写这篇文章，是因为作者想介绍如何减少面包浪费。故选A。 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）How do we know the time? A clock, a watch or a mobile phone can help us. However, many years ago there were no clocks and knowing the time was not so easy. Over the centuries, people have developed different ways of telling the time. About 5,500 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock. This was a tall stone building. Its shadow (影子) showed the movement of the sun. So people were able to know midday. The Egyptians made a sundial about 3,500 years ago. It was smaller than the sun clock and could let people know the time for half a day. On cloudy days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial. Water clocks were the first clocks not to use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flows (流动) from one bottle to another. When the water reaches a certain level, it shows the hours. The Egyptians used water clocks about 3,400 years ago. These clocks were popular in the Middle East and China. But they failed to make people know the exact time. In the 13th century, the mechanical clock was invented. This was more exact, but it was expensive to make one. Over the next few centuries it was developed. For example, spring (发条) were added around 1500. This enabled people to get the correct time and allowed clocks to be smaller. In 1927, the first quartz clock was developed. Clocks became cheaper to build. It’s also cheaper for ordinary people to own a clock. People began depending on them more and more to run business, markets and so on. More recently, in 1956, came the digital clock. And nowadays satellites send our mobile phones the time to the exact second. There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping. Clocks are always changing but some things never change. Many of us still have trouble getting out of bed on time and not being late for school or work. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．According to the passage, we can’t use the ________ to tell the time on a rainy day. A．water clock B．sun clock C．digital clock D．mechanical clock 2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “ordinary” in the third paragraph? A．modern B．special C．rich D．common 3．How many kinds of clocks are mentioned in the passage? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? （①—paragraph 1,  ②—paragraph 2, …） A．B． C． D． 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The importance of time. B．The development of timekeeping. C．The inventions of clocks. D．The history of a digital clock. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类历史上计时工具的发展，从古埃及的太阳钟和水钟，到机械钟、石英钟，再到现代的数字钟和卫星时间同步，强调了时间测量技术的进步以及它对人类生活的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“On cloudy days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial.”可知，在阴天或晚上，不可能用太阳钟或日晷来报时。由于雨天通常也是阴天，因此日晷在雨天也无法使用。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Clocks became cheaper to build. It’s also cheaper for ordinary people to own a clock.”可知，钟表制造变得便宜了，普通人拥有一块钟表也便宜了。因此，“ordinary”在这里的意思是“普通的”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“About 5,500 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock.”，“ The Egyptians made a sundial about 3,500 years ago.”，“In the 13th century, the mechanical clock was invented. ”，“In 1927, the first quartz clock was developed.”，“More recently, in 1956, came the digital clock. ”可知大约5500年前，埃及人发明了太阳钟；埃及人在3500年前制造了日晷；水钟是第一个不使用太阳的钟；在13世纪，机械钟被发明；1927年，第一个石英钟被发明；1956年，出现了数字钟。总共六种钟。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。根据文章内容，文章第一段介绍了我们如何知道时间，第二段和第三段介绍了古代人们计时的方法现代计时工具的发展，第四段总结了计时技术的进步和一些不变的事情。因此，文章的结构是①—②③—④。选项A中的结构与此相符。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping. Clocks are always changing but some things never change.”可知，文章主要讲述了计时技术的进步和变化。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）①Do you know DogTV, the first television channel (频道) for dogs? It appeared in America in 2012. Now, it is available in 14 countries, including Australia, China, France, the UK, etc. ②Believe it or not, DogTV didn’t start as a TV channel for dogs. The idea for Pet TV came from Ron Levi. To let his cat Charlie have fun while he was out, Ron did some research and began to work with scientists and pet experts to bring his idea to life. To their surprise, dogs showed more interest in different kinds of programs than cats. Pet TV finally became DogTV. ③DogTV was developed to make stay-at-home dogs comfortable and happy. It provides relaxing videos and music for dogs. Each program is for about 3 to 6 minutes. In the morning, programs are to get dogs out of bed and keep moving for the day. In the middle of the day, programs are to calm dogs while they are worried at home alone. Scared programs with pictures and sounds can help them get used to the things for dogs. The channel even has educational programs on health and training. ④A lot of thought goes into the making of every DogTV program. DogTV turned to animal experts to create suitable (合适的) shows for dogs’ seeing and hearing. Dogs are color-blind (色盲的). They can only see blue and yellow, and they can’t see red or green. So the DogTV shows might sound and look a little different to people’s ears and eyes. But don’t worry, DogTV also has programs for pet parents. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．When did DogTV appear in America? A．In 2012. B．Before 14 days. C．After 6 minutes. D．In the morning. 2．Who does the idea for DogTV come from? A．Pet experts. B．Ron Levi. C．A stay-home dog. D．Pet parents. 3．What can DogTV do for dogs? ①Provide relaxing videos and music.    ②Help them see red and green. ③Help them get used to the scaring things.    ④ Get them out of bed and keep moving. A．②③④ B．①②③ C．①②④ D．①③④ 4．What does the underlined word “calm” mean? A．Be slow. B．Be easy. C．Be not worried. D．Be not busy. 5．Which structure (结构) of the following is RIGHT from the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了第一个狗狗电视频道DogTV。 1．细节理解题。根据“It appeared in America in 2012.”可知出现于2012年。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The idea for Pet TV came from Ron Levi. ”可知灵感源自Ron Levi。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“It provides relaxing videos and music for dogs. ... In the morning, programs are to get dogs out of bed and keep moving for the day. ... In the middle of the day, programs are to calm dogs while they are worried at home alone. Scared programs with pictures and sounds can help them get used to the things for dogs.”可知为狗狗提供轻松的视频和音乐、帮助它们习惯可怕的事情且让它们起床并保持移动。故选D。 4．词义猜测题。根据“while they are worried at home alone”可知对于独自在家很焦虑的狗狗，节目能安抚它们，calm与be not worried意思相近。故选C。 5．篇章结构题。本文第①段引出DogTV，其他几段具体介绍DogTV。故选B。 主题02 人与社会——社会生活 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）①Have you ever thought about what’s more important, looking fashionable (时尚的) or feeling comfortable? You might have noticed many people choosing style over comfort and some even go to extremes (极端) to follow fashion. But we should remember: being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy. ②Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So they start extreme diets (极端饮食) that are not good for their health. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live? ③Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels. They might think high heels make them look taller. But these shoes can actually hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably, and it can increase risks of falls. Some even wear tight clothes that influence blood circulation (循环), making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health? ④Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair color. The material they use is usually bad for their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair. But using these tools too often or at very high temperatures can make the hair dry or even burned. Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money? ⑤So, let’s rethink what’s really important. Is it fashion or is it our well-being? Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character (性格). Instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use that time to do fun things with friends. And instead of following extreme diets, let’s eat properly and exercise regularly (规律地). Remember, your worth is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Why do some people go on extreme diets according to the passage? A．Because the diets are healthy. B．Because they just want to look good. C．Because they want to save time. D．Because they want to save money. 2．What is the writer’s purpose (目的) of using a question in each paragraph (段落)? A．To ask for help from readers. B．To tell how to spend time and money. C．To describe the newest fashion. D．To lead readers to think about the topic (主题). 3．What does the underlined word “well-being” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Growth. B．Health. C．Warmth. D．Truth. 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (① = Paragraph 1 ② = Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．Trying to tell readers how to look fashionable. B．Trying to tell readers health is more important than good look. C．Trying to tell readers clothes or hairstyles decide a person’s character. D．Trying to tell readers to do fun things with friends. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了当今人们为了追求时尚过一种不健康的生活方式，个人的价值不是由你的外表决定的，而是由你这个人决定的，健康的生活才是最重要的。 1．细节理解题。根据“Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So they start extreme diets (极端饮食) that are not good for their health.”可知，一些人极端饮食是为了想让自己好看。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“It’s more important to be healthy”以及每一段的问题可知，作者提出这些问题是为了引导读者思考“健康更重要”这个主题。故选D。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Is it a healthy way to live?”、“Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health?”及“Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money”可知，作者提出的每个观点都是围绕“健康”和“时尚”哪一个更重要，所以划线单词与health意思相近。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出本文的主题，第二段到第四段介绍人们为了追求时尚的一些不健康的生活方式；第五段是总结。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了当今人们为了追求时尚过一种不健康的生活方式，个人的价值不是由你的外表决定的，而是由你这个人决定的，健康的生活才是最重要的。因此文章旨在告诉读者健康比好的外貌更重要。故选B。 主题03 其他 Passage 1 （23-24九年级上·河北石家庄·期中）Imagine you need to send an important document (文件) far away as soon as possible. How would you do it? Chances are that you would use email or a smartphone app. However, for many people, the answer to that question is the fax machine. The first fax machine was invented in 1843 by Alexander Bain. Then in 1964, modem fax machines became widely available. In the 1980s and 1990s, they were considered the fastest and safest way to send information. With the development of technology, you might think email would have made the fax machine a thing of the past, but you’d be wrong. Fax use continues to grow by more than 12% every year. One explanation is that fax machines are still easier to use for documents that are written by hand. But the real reason for their continued use has to do with security (安全). Email is convenient, but it can be hacked. This is a danger for governments, hospitals and other organizations. Using a fax machine allows information to go directly from one place to another without needing to be saved on a computer. It can then be kept in a physical location where it’s more difficult to steal. Fax machine technology grew quickly throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and it continues to develop today! 1．When was the first fax machine invented? A．In 1843. B．In 1964. C．In 1980. D．In 1990. 2．What is the real reason people keep using the fax machine? A．Because it is fast. B．Because it is convenient. C．Because it is safe. D．Because it has a long history. 3．What does the underlined word “hack” probably mean? A．Turn into B．Check out C．Find out D．Break into 4．What can we know about the fax machine? A．It is only used in the hospital. B．It is hardly developing today. C．It makes email a thing of the past. D．It can send documents written by hand. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．The style of the fax machine. B．The history and advantages of the fax machine. C．The way of using fax machine. D．The future of fax machine. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了传真机的历史，以及它优于电子邮件的地方。 1．细节理解题。根据“The first fax machine was invented in 1843”可知，第一台传真机发明于1843年。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“But the real reason for their continued use has to do with security”可知，人们一直使用传真机的真正原因是因为它是安全的。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Email is convenient, but it can be hacked. This is a danger for governments, hospitals and other organizations.”可知，电子邮件很方便，但也可能被黑客入侵。这对政府、医院和其他组织来说是一个危险。因此“hack”与“Break out”词义相近。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“One explanation is that fax machines are still easier to use for documents that are written by hand.”可知，传真机可以发送手写的文件。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文内容可知，本文介绍了传真机的历史，以及它优于电子邮件的地方。故选项B“传真机的历史和优点”适合作为本文的标题。故选B。 Passage 2 （23-24九年级上·吉林·期中）With the development of Chinese and Western culture, more and more people go to different countries to study. As learners, we need to know the cultural differences. In this way, it can help learners learn the second language well. At the same time, it can help learners make fewer mistakes, too. First, Western people say their opinions directly, while Chinese act oppositely. So if you are not satisfied with a foreigner, you just need to speak it out. Don’t hide your feelings, because he or she can’t understand your thoughts. Second, the opinion about things is different between Chinese and Western people. We Chinese seem to be more worried about tomorrow and like to save money, while Western people like to spend tomorrow’s money. Western people believe that they should enjoy life today and tomorrow is another thing. But remember, there is no judgement about which one is better. We just need to know the differences and learn to understand each other. Every country’s culture has its own special meaning. What we need to do is respecting (尊重) each other’s culture and getting along with each other peacefully. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．Learners need to know the cultural differences because it can help learners ________. A．make no mistakes B．make more friends C．learn worse in the school D．learn the second language well 2．What should you do when you are not satisfied with a foreigner? A．Speak out our thoughts. B．Say nothing to him. C．Try to understand him. D．Get away from him. 3．What is the difference between Chinese and Western values? A．Chinese don’t care about tomorrow at all. B．Chinese like spending tomorrow’s money. C．Western people worry about the future. D．Western people don’t save money for the future. 4．What does the underlined word “judgement” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese? A．规则 B．评判 C．标准 D．等级 5．Which shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1……) A．①-②③-④ B．①-②③④ C．①-②-③④ D．①②③-④ 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了中西方的文化差异。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“As learners, we need to know the cultural differences. In this way, it can help learners learn the second language well. At the same time, it can help learners make fewer mistakes, too.”可知，学习者需要了解文化差异，因为可以帮助学习者更好地学习第二种语言，也可以帮助学习者减少错误。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Western people say their opinions directly, while Chinese act oppositely. So if you are not satisfied with a foreigner, because he or she can’t understand your thoughts.”可知，如果你对外国人不满意，应该直接说出你的想法。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“while Western people like to spend tomorrow’s money. Western people believe that they should enjoy life today and tomorrow is another thing.”可知，西方人不会为未来存钱。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。根据第四段“But remember, there is no judgement about which one is better. We just need to know the differences and learn to understand each other.”可知，没有哪一种更好这样的评判，我们只需要知道差异并学会相互理解，因此“judgement”是指“评判”。故选B。 5．篇章结构题。第一段引出主题；第二、三段具体介绍中西方的文化差异；第四段总结。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）When you are learning English, you find it not clever to put an English sentence, word for word, into your own language. Take the sentence “How do you do?” as an example. If you look up each word in the dictionary, once at a time, what is your translation(翻译)? It must be a wrong sentence in your own language. Languages do not just have different sounds. They are different in many ways. It’s important to master(掌握)the rules for word order(顺序)in the study of English, too. If the speakers put words in a wrong order, the listener can’t understand the speakers’ sentences easily. Sometimes when the order of words in an English sentence is changed, the meaning of the sentence changes. But            sometimes when the order is changed, the meaning of the sentence doesn’t change. Let’s see the difference between the two pairs of sentences. “She only likes apples.” “Only she likes apples.” “I’ve seen the film already.” “I have already seen the film.” When you are learning English, you must do your best to get the spirit(精神实质)of the language and use it as the English speakers do. 1．From the passage we know that ________when we are learning English. A．we shouldn’t put every word into our own language B．we should look up every word in the dictionary C．we need to put every word into our own language D．we must read word by word 2．The writer thinks it is _______ in learning English. A．difficult to understand different sounds B．possible to remember the word order C．important to master the rules in different ways D．easy to master the rules for word order 3．We can learn from the passage that ________. A．the meaning of an English sentence always changes with the order of the words B．the order of words can never change the meaning of an English sentence C．sometimes different order of words has a different meaning D．if the order of words is different, the meaning of the sentence must be different 4．“She only likes apples.” ________. A．is the same as “Only she likes apples.” B．is different from “Only she likes apples.” C．means “She likes fruit except apples.” D．means “She doesn’t like apples.” 5．Which is the best title for this passage? A．Different Orders, Different Meanings B．How to Speak English? C．How to Put English into Our Own Language? D．How to Learn English? 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．D 【分析】本文主要讲述了在学习英语时会遇到的一些问题，告诉我们不应该仅仅从词义上理解英语单词，还要注意语境及词语搭配等问题。 1．细节理解题。根据“When you are learning English, you find it not clever to put an English sentence, word for word, into your own language”可知，当你学习英语的时候，你发现把英语单词逐字的翻译成自己的语言是不明智的，所以学习英语时不应该逐字翻译。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“It’s important to master(掌握)the rules for word order(顺序)in the study of English, too”及上下文描述可知，在英语学习中学习各种不同的规则是很重要的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Sometimes when the order of words in an English sentence is changed, the meaning of the sentence changes”可知，不同的词序有时可能会有不同的含义，故选C。 4．词句猜测题。“she only like apples”意思是“她只喜欢苹果”，“Only she likes apples”意思是“只有她喜欢苹果”，这两句所表达的意思不同。故选B。 5．最佳标题。通读全文可知，作者主要提出学习英语时应注意学习不同的规则以及根据最后一句话“When you are learning English, …use it as the English speakers do”当你学英语时，你必须尽力抓住它的精神实质可知，本文主要阐述了怎样学英语这个主旨，所以最佳标题是“How to Learn English”。故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）①Yundang Lake is in Xiamen, Fujian. The lake has been a popular place for people to have a good time. However, it was quite different forty years ago. ②In the early 1980s, the economy (经济) developed rapidly. With more factories appearing, much waste water went into Yundang Lake. That caused serious pollution in the area. To improve the situation, the government came up with several ideas. ③The first one was to stop pollution by closing the factories or asking them to move. Later, the government cleared up sea dikes (堤坝). The dikes could prevent the seawater pouring into the city. However, the dikes also caused pollution problems. The Xiamen government decided to open up the sea walls and clear out the rubbish inside. Since 1988, Xiamen has opened seven sea dikes. The Xiamen government’s hard work has improved the environment. ④The Xiamen government also built “forest-friendly” areas along Yundang Lake. Until last year, the forests had increased to 1.74 km2 from around 0.33 km2 in 2000. ⑤“We are not only making the environment better, but also trying to save the city’s culture,” a worker from the government said. “For example, our sailing sports (帆船运动) lead the way in China. People in Xiamen no longer just watch the sea from far away. They can now see dolphins (海豚) in the sea.” 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What can we know from Paragraph 1? A．The park has a history of 40 years. B．Yundang Lake has changed a lot. C．Few people would like to visit Yundang Lake. D．Yundang Lake is better than other lakes in Xiamen. 2．What caused serious pollution to Yundang Lake in the early 1980s? A．The sea animals. B．The visitors. C．The waste water. D．The sea dikes. 3．What does the underlined word “prevent” probably mean? A．Stop. B．Report. C．Discover. D．Keep. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Dolphins are now common in Xiamen. B．Xiamen is famous for its sailing sports. C．People in Xiamen have changed the way they live and work. D．The government is trying to protect the city’s culture. 5．What lead the way in China in Xiamen? A．City’s culture B．dolphins C．sailing sports D．sea dikes 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文简述了厦门筼筜湖的环境变化及政府的改善措施。 1．细节理解题。根据“However, it was quite different forty years ago.”可知，筼筜湖四十年前是不同的，说明它改变了很多。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“In the early 1980s, the economy (经济) developed rapidly. With more factories appearing, much waste water went into Yundang Lake. That caused serious pollution in the area.”可知，20世纪80年代初，经济发展迅速。随着越来越多的工厂出现，许多废水流入了筼筜湖。这在该地区造成了严重的污染。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Later, the government cleared up sea dikes (堤坝). The dikes could prevent the seawater pouring into the city.”可知，后来，政府清理了海堤。堤坝可以防止海水涌入城市。划线词的意思是“防止，阻止”，与stop意思相近。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据“We are not only making the environment better, but also trying to save the city’s culture,”可知，最后一段主要介绍了政府努力拯救城市的文化。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“For example, our sailing sports (帆船运动) lead the way in China.”可知，厦门的帆船运动在中国处于领先地位。故选C。 Passage 5 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期中）If you ask me to tell how to get along in the United States, I think the following “dos” and “don’ts” would be helpful. Generally speaking, it isn’t easy to find someone to talk to in a busy city, so you should try to do the following. First, get or borrow a dog! Walk it several times a day! Americans love dogs and cats and usually stop to talk to anyone with a dog. Then, try to eat in a restaurant. People generally share the same table and will sometimes talk to you if they see you are new there. Next, take your dirty clothes to a laundry (洗衣店)! It takes about an hour to wash and dry them and people there often spend the time talking with each other. Always ask for information from a woman if you are a man, and from a man, if you are a woman! Learn to say “Please”, “Thank you” and “You are welcome” and use them all the time. There are some things you shouldn’t do. Don’t tell the truth when people ask, “How are you?” The only answer they want is “Fine”. Never ask people their age-especially women! Everyone wants to be young. Don’t tell heavy people they are fat. Tell them they are losing weight. Everyone wants to be thin. Don’t be late when meeting people! When someone says six o’ clock, be sure to be there before six. Americans respect (尊重) time and want everyone to be on time. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．It isn’t easy to find someone to talk to in the USA because ________. A．the streets are empty B．you are new there C．people there are busy D．you don’t have time 2．Americans like talking to ________. A．dogs and cats B．women C．men D．those who are walking a dog 3．When talking to people there, you may say ________. A．“How are you?” B．“How old are you?” C．“What is your weight?” D．“You seem to be fat.” 4．The phrase “heavy people” means ________. A．people who do heavy work B．people who are important C．people who are thin D．people who are weighing too much 5．If you visit a friend, you ________. A．can be there at any time B．may be there a little late C．had better arrive very early D．should be there at the right time 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文主要提供了一些在美国生活的“应该做”和“不应该做”的建议，以帮助人们更好地融入美国社会和文化。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“it isn’t easy to find someone to talk to in a busy city,”可知，生活在城市中的人们都很忙，所以很难找到聊天的人。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Americans love dogs and cats and usually stop to talk to anyone with a dog.”可知，美国人比较喜欢与带狗散步的人交流。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Never ask people their age-especially women! Everyone wants to be young. Don’t tell heavy people they are fat.”可知，在美国，不要问别人的年龄，不要说别人胖，也不要问别人的体重，但是可以问候对方。故选A。 4．词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Don’t tell heavy people they are fat.”可知，“heavy people”就是指“fat people”。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Americans respect time and want everyone to be on time.”可知，美国人约会喜欢守时，也就是说如果你去拜访朋友，你应该在合适的时间去，不要迟到。故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $