专题05 七选五（期中真题汇编，陕晋青宁专用） 高二英语上学期

专题05 七选五 主题01 人与社会—— 社会生活与文化 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·甘肃省兰州市·期中） It is comforting to tell yourself that self-control simply isn’t your strong point when your New Year’s resolutions (决心) start to fall apart. But, according to a scientific research, willpower is not a talent that few lucky people are born with. 1 . Everybody can learn to use their willpower more effectively. Here are a few ways to increase your chances. Know yourself 2 , we should identify our willpower. Some people tend to be interested in their own thoughts and ideas, so it is easier for them to get motivated by an inner vision than some others who get fired up by social approval. Whether to schedule time to reflect on your progress such as keeping a diary or sign up for a group where everyone has a common goal, it all depends. Make a plan A study found that 91% of participants who wrote down a plan of when and where to exercise successfully met their goals. Planning is important because the brain builds a frame. 3 . Our brains are lazy and like to conserve energy, so regular reminders and visual clues can be helpful. Find your motivation It seems we all hold some willpower back in reserve. Participants suddenly discovered extra self-control to do a task after they were told they would be paid for their effort, or that their effort would benefit others. 4 . Don’t be discouraged Be kind to yourself. Don’t blame yourself. Reward yourself for effort, not results. 5 . Negative moods are the enemy of willpower, and self-blame is the main cause. A．It is a skill to be practiced B．When faced with taking action on your goal C．To increase chances of sticking to resolutions D．It also likes accepting orders and the felling of being in control E．Intentions are most effective when you work on only one goal at a time F．So knowing your “why” can help you get out of bed for a cold morning run G．If you’re feeling negative and self-critical, that actually reduces your willpower 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．F 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当你闪亮的新年决心开始土崩瓦解时，告诉自己自我控制并不是你的强项，这是令人欣慰的。但是，根据一项科学研究，意志力并不是少数幸运儿与生俱来的天赋，这是一种需要练习的技能。 1．根据前文“It is comforting to tell yourself that self-control simply isn’t your strong point when your New Year’s resolutions (决心) start to fall apart. But, according to a scientific research, willpower is not a talent that few lucky people are born with.(当你的新年计划开始瓦解时，你可以安慰自己，自我控制根本不是你的强项。但是，根据一项科学研究，意志力并不是少数幸运儿与生俱来的才能)”可知，上文提到意志力并不是少数幸运儿与生俱来的天赋，可知本句承接上文说明意志力需要练习。故A选项“这是一种需要练习的技能”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据下文“we should identify our willpower(我们应该认清自己的意志力)”可知，后文提到了应该认清自己的意志力，可知本句是在说明这么做的目的：为了增加坚持决心的机会。C选项“为了增加坚持决心的机会”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据前文“Planning is important because the brain builds a frame.(计划很重要，因为大脑会建立一个框架)”以及后文“Our brains are lazy and like to conserve energy, so regular reminders and visual clues can be helpful.(我们的大脑是懒惰的，喜欢保存能量，所以定期提醒和视觉线索会有所帮助)”可知，上文提到了大脑喜欢计划，后文提到了大脑需要提醒和线索，说明大脑喜欢秩序和被控制，故D选项“它也喜欢秩序和被控制的感觉”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据前文“It seems we all hold some willpower back in reserve. Participants suddenly discovered extra self-control to do a task after they were told they would be paid for their effort, or that their effort would benefit others.(似乎我们都保留了一些意志力。在被告知他们的努力会得到报酬，或者他们的努力会使他人受益后，参与者突然发现自己在完成任务时具有更强的自制力)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，总结上文发现自己有了更强自制力的原因：知道你的‘为什么’，故F选项“所以，知道你的‘为什么’可以帮助你起床去跑步”符合语境。故选F。 5．根据前文“Be kind to yourself. Don’t blame yourself. Reward yourself for effort, not results.(善待自己。不要责怪自己。奖励自己的努力，而不是结果)”可知，上文建议善待自己，本句说明原因：感到消极和自我批评，实际上会降低你的意志力。故G选项“如果你感到消极和自我批评，实际上会降低你的意志力”符合语境。故选G。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·青海省西宁市·期中） When did we start walking for leisure? “Going for a walk” is a popular pastime among older and younger generations alike because of its well-known benefits for our physical and mental health. But you may be surprised to hear that wandering through pretty streets or hiking in mountainous have not always been considered leisure activities, according to Daniel Gale, a researcher of pedestrianism (步行运动). 1 Before that, it was just something people did out of necessity, some of whom even associated it with criminal activity. But for Charles Dickens, the famous English 19th Century author, marching through London streets and tramping around the countryside was a big part of the creative process. 2 He walked at an impressive pace of four miles per hour, according to his biography by Peter Ackroyd. 3 Perhaps you can take inspiration from another big-thinking wanderer. 19th Century American writer Henry David Thoreau took a slower approach, preferring to stroll over hills and fields and through the woods. He said that he could not preserve his health and spirits without walking at least four hours a day. This idea of taking a stroll to clear your head has survived through to the 21st Century. But have pedestrian manners remained the same? A 1780 article for the London Magazine advised pedestrians to avoid things such as hanging around in conversation and obstructing people behind you. 4 In this modern age, when many of us are tied to our desks and to our screens, try the simple act of stepping out onto the city pavements, or getting lost in nature. 5 Whether you see yourself more as a casual stroller or a purposeful strider (阔步者), why not build a habit out of it? A．What if speed-walking isn’t your thing? B．This may make all the difference to our wellbeing. C．Nowadays, we could add distracted phone-users. D．He brought the recreation of walking into fashion. E．Going on an urban walk is much more pleasant now. F．It was a time to absorb what was going on around him. G．In Britain, walking for fun wasn’t really a thing until the 1780s. 【答案】1．G 2．F 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了散步的历史以及好处。 1．根据后文“Before that, it was just something people did out of necessity, some of whom even associated it with criminal activity.(在此之前，这只是人们出于需要而做的事情，有些人甚至把它与犯罪活动联系在一起)”可知，本句主要在说明散步流行起来的时间。故G选项“在英国，直到18世纪80年代，以散步为乐趣才真正成为一件事”符合语境，故选G。 2．根据上文“But for Charles Dickens, the famous English 19th Century author, marching through London streets and tramping around the countryside was a big part of the creative process. (但对19世纪英国著名作家查尔斯·狄更斯来说，在伦敦街头游行、在乡间漫步是创作过程的重要组成部分)”可知，上文提到著名作家查尔斯·狄更斯喜欢创作的时候散步，故本句承接上文，说明这么做的原因。故F选项“这是一个吸收周围发生的事情的时候”符合语境，故选F。 3．根据后文“Perhaps you can take inspiration from another big-thinking wanderer. 19th Century American writer Henry David Thoreau took a slower approach, preferring to stroll over hills and fields and through the woods. He said that he could not preserve his health and spirits without walking at least four hours a day.(也许你可以从另一个胸怀大志的流浪者身上得到启发。19世纪的美国作家亨利·大卫·梭罗采取了一种较慢的方式，他更喜欢在山丘、田野和树林里漫步。他说，如果每天不走至少四个小时，他就无法保持健康和精神)”可知，后文主要说明了漫步的放松方式，结合上一段“He walked at an impressive pace of four miles per hour, according to his biography by Peter Ackroyd.(根据彼得·阿克罗伊德的传记，他以每小时4英里的惊人速度行走)”提到了快速行走，故A选项“如果你不喜欢快走呢？”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据上文“This idea of taking a stroll to clear your head has survived through to the 21st Century. But have pedestrian manners remained the same? A 1780 article for the London Magazine advised pedestrians to avoid things such as hanging around in conversation and obstructing people behind you.(通过散步来清醒头脑的想法一直延续到21世纪。但是，行人的举止还保持不变吗？1780年《伦敦杂志》上的一篇文章建议行人避免在谈话中徘徊或妨碍身后的人)”可知，本句与上文并列，都是在说明导致行人散步行为发生改变的情况，故C选项“现在，我们可以加上分心的电话用户”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据上文“In this modern age, when many of us are tied to our desks and to our screens, try the simple act of stepping out onto the city pavements, or getting lost in nature.(在这个现代时代，当我们中的许多人都被束缚在办公桌和屏幕前时，试着走到城市的人行道上，或者迷失在大自然中)”以及后文“Whether you see yourself more as a casual stroller or a purposeful strider (阔步者), why not build a habit out of it?(无论你把自己看成是一个随意的漫步者还是一个有目的的步行者，为什么不养成一种习惯呢？)”可知，后文建议出去散步，可知本句是在说明散步的好处。故B选项“这可能会对我们的健康产生很大的影响”符合语境，故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二上·陕西省西安市·期中） Much meaning can be conveyed clearly with our eyes, so it is often said that eyes can speak. 1 In a bus you may look at a stranger but not far too long. And if he sensed that you are staring at him, he may feel uncomfortable. The same is true in our daily life. If you are stared at for more than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down to see if there is anything wrong with you. 2 Eyes do speak, right? Looking too long at someone may seem to be side and aggressive 3 If a man stares at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to look away from her, his intentions are obvious. He wishes to attract her attention, and let her know that he is admiring her. However, when two persons are engaged in a conversation, the speaker will only look into the listener’s eyes from time to time to make sure that the listener does pay attention to what the former is speaking. 4 If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking as if trying to control you, you will feel awkward. A poor liar usually exposes himself by looking too long at the victim. He wrongly believes that looking straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication. 5 Actually, eye contact should be made based on specific relationship and situation. A．On the contrary, it will give him away. B．Do you have such a kind of experience? C．That’s what normal eye contact is all about. D．Actually, continuous eye contact is limited to lovers only. E．After all, everybody likes to be stared at for quite a long time. F．But things are different when it comes to staring at the opposite sex. G．If nothing goes wrong, you will feel annoyed at being stared at that way. 【答案】1．B 2．G 3．F 4．C 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了眼神交流的目的和意义，说明了适当的眼神交流的好处，同时应避免长时间盯着对方看。 1．上文“so it is often said that eyes can speak.(所以人们常说眼睛会说话)”提到，人们常说眼睛会说话，下文“In a bus you may look at a stranger but not far too long. And if he sensed that you are staring at him, he may feel uncomfortable.(在公共汽车上，你可能会看一个陌生人，但不会看太久)”以实际生活的例子进行说明，空处是段首，应是引出下文描述的经历，B项“你有这样的经历吗？”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据上文“If you are stared at for more than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down to see if there is anything wrong with you.(如果别人盯着你看的时间太长了，你就会上下打量自己，看看是否有什么问题)”可知，如果别人盯着你看太长时间，你就会上下打量自己，看看是否有什么问题，G项“如果没什么问题，你会对别人那样盯着你看感到恼火”承接上文，描述自己上下打量自己之后的结果，如果自己没什么问题，你会对别人感到恼火，故选G。 3．根据下文“If a man stares at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to look away from her(如果一个男人盯着一个女人超过10秒钟，并且拒绝把目光从她身上移开)”可知，此处是描述盯着异性看的情况，F项“但当凝视异性时，情况就不同了”符合语境，故选F。 4．上文“However, when two persons are engaged in a conversation, the speaker will only look into the listener’s eyes from time to time to make sure that the listener does pay attention to what the former is speaking.(然而，当两个人在交谈时，说话者只会时不时地看着听者的眼睛，以确保听者确实注意到前者在说什么)”描述了一种交流方式，下文“If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking as if trying to control you, you will feel awkward.(如果说话的人在说话的时候一直看着你，好像在试图控制你，你会感到尴尬)”描述了一种与上文不同的、会让人尴尬的眼神交流方式，由此推知上文描述的是正常的眼神交流，C项“这就是正常的眼神交流”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据上文“He wrongly believes that looking straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication.(他错误地认为直视对方的眼睛是诚实交流的标志)”可知，说谎者错误地认为直视对方的眼睛是诚实交流的标志，事实并非如此，A项“相反，这会暴露他的身份”符合语境，呼应上文“A poor liar usually exposes himself by looking too long at the victim.(一个差劲的说谎者通常会因为盯着对方看太久而暴露自己)”，故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二上·陕西省咸阳市·期中） How to Improve Communication in the Workplace Communicating effectively with coworkers is key to having a positive experience at work. Are you trying to improve your communication skills as a manager? 1 . You should understand which method to use. Not every issue deserves its own meeting. When you have something to communicate, consider its importance, urgency, and pick the right channel (渠道) accordingly. Have a simple team reminder? A quick group message or email can get the point across. 2 ? A face-to-face meeting might be the better method. 3 . Meetings that happen regularly can give space for employees to bring up concerns they otherwise wouldn’t know when to bring up. If they aren’t ready, suggest setting up one-to-one meetings with your direct supervisor. Team meetings can also allow team members to share concerns more widely with others. You should make meetings efficient. Research shows that only 50 percent of time spent in meetings is considered a good use of time by attendees. Here are some best practices to make meetings efficient and effective: Try to avoid recycling agendas. Send out the agenda and other materials that will be discussed. 4 . You should create an open culture. Creating a trusting environment is key to good communication in a workplace. 5 . Though remote working has become increasingly common, people still need and want personal human interaction. Chat platforms can allow informal conversations that connect in-person and remote workers. A．Here are a few things to keep in mind B．Do you want a chance to attend meetings C．So people have the chance to preview them D．You should improve your communication skills E．Need you to learn or teach somebody how to use a tool F．You should schedule regular one-to-one and team meetings G．It’s a place where people feel comfortable voicing concerns and asking questions 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．F 4．C 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。与同事有效沟通是获得积极工作体验的关键。文章提供了一些方法以提高管理者的沟通技巧。 1．根据空前“Communicating effectively with coworkers is key to having a positive experience at work. Are you trying to improve your communication skills as a manager?(与同事有效沟通是获得积极工作体验的关键。作为管理者，你在努力提高你的沟通技巧吗？)”结合后文提供了一些方法以提高管理者的沟通技巧。故A项“以下是需要记住的几点”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据本段主题句“You should understand which method to use.(你应该知道该使用哪种方法)”；上文“A quick group message or email can get the point across.(一个快速的群组信息或电子邮件可以让你明白你的意思)”及空后“A face-to-face meeting might be the better method.(面对面的会谈可能是更好的方法)”可知，本句主要针对是否如何进行更好地沟通所采用的方法进行举例设问。故E项“你需要学习或教别人如何使用工具吗”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据后文“If they aren’t ready, suggest setting up one-to-one meetings with your direct supervisor. Team meetings can also allow team members to share concerns more widely with others.(如果他们还没有准备好，建议和你的直接主管安排一对一的会议。团队会议还可以让团队成员更广泛地与其他人分享关注的问题)”可知，本段的主旨是定期进行团队会议。故F项“你应该安排定期的一对一会议和团队会议”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据空前“You should make meetings efficient. Research shows that only 50 percent of time spent in meetings is considered a good use of time by attendees. Here are some best practices to make meetings efficient and effective: Try to avoid recycling agendas. Send out the agenda and other materials that will be discussed.(你应该让会议更有效率。研究表明，与会者认为只有50%的会议时间是合理利用的。这里有一些使会议高效和有效的最佳做法：尽量避免重复的议程。发送议程和其他将要讨论的材料)”可知，上文建议发送议程和其他将要讨论的材料，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明这么做的好处。C项“这样与会者就有机会预览了”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据空前“Creating a trusting environment is key to good communication in a workplace.(创造一个信任的环境是工作场所良好沟通的关键)”可知，本句承接上文，说明创造一个信任的环境的意义或作用。G项“人们会很自在地表达自己的担忧并提出问题”符合语境。故选G。 主题02 人与自我—— 自我成长 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·山西省晋城市·期中） How to Be Hopeful About the Future It can be tough to believe that good things are coming your way when your hopes and dreams haven’t yet been realized. However, staying hopeful about your future can help you remain positive, even when things don’t go as planned. Here are some strategies to help you stay hopeful. Have a positive attitude 1 . “Positive energy leads positive experiences, and negative energy leads negative experiences,” says life coach Alionka Polanco. By keeping a positive attitude, you can attract great things, even if you’re unsure of what your future holds. Imagine what your future will look like You’re most likely to achieve something great if you can already imagine yourself in that situation. Every morning, you can take a few minutes to intentionally daydream about what your life will look like in 10 years. 2 . Once a week, try to imagine where you want your life to be by writing it down in a journal or talking about it with someone you care about. Connect with a life coach Sometimes it can be hard to determine what you want out of life when you might not be aware of where exactly you want your life to be in the next few years. A life coach can help guide you in the right direction. 3 . Working with a coach can help you stay hopeful about your future. Remove any negative thought about the present Your future won’t look great if you’re negative about the present. 4 . The quote “this too shall pass” comes to mind. Remove any shame about the present. Negative energy leads to negative experiences. 5 . A．Life never really goes as planned B．Maintaining a positive mindset is important C．This practice can create excitement and inspiration D．How you handle current problems affects your future E．They can help you figure out what you truly want out of life F．They should take actions in the direction of their ideal vision G．Therefore, by removing negative thoughts, you open doors for change 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．E 4．D 5．G 【导语】本篇是说明文。本文主要阐述乐观的重要性，即使希望和梦想还没有实现，但依然要保持积极乐观，并介绍了一些对未来保持乐观积极的策略。 1．设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据本段小标题“Have a positive attitude(有积极的态度)”可知，本段主要强调保持积极乐观的重要性，所以B项“Maintaining a positive mindset is important(保持积极的心态很重要)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选B项。 2．根据前文“You’re most likely to achieve something great if you can already imagine yourself in that situation. Every morning, you can take a few minutes to intentionally daydream about what your life will look like in 10 years.(如果你能想象自己在那种情况下，你最有可能完成一些伟大的事情。每天早上，你都可以花几分钟有意识地遐想一下10年后你的生活会是什么样子)”可知，本段保持积极乐观的策略是想象未来，所以C项“This practice can create excitement and inspiration(这种做法可以创造兴奋和灵感)”是对前文的说明，其中This practice与前文相呼应。故选C项。 3．根据前文“Sometimes it can be hard to determine what you want out of life when you might not be aware of where exactly you want your life to be in the next few years. A life coach can help guide you in the right direction.(有时候，当你不知道未来几年你想要什么样的生活时，很难确定你想要什么。人生导师可以指引你走向正确的方向)”可知，你要确定自己想要什么，就需要得到生活导师的指导，所以E项“They can help you figure out what you truly want out of life(他们可以帮助你弄清楚你真正想要的生活)”是对前文的具体说明，符合文意。故选E项。 4．根据前文“Your future won’t look great if you’re negative about the present.(如果你对现在持消极态度，你的未来就不会看起来很美好)”可知，现在的想法消极会导致对未来的生活也不乐观，所以D项“How you handle current problems affects your future(你处理当前问题的方式会影响你的未来)”是对前句的解释，符合文意。故选D项。 5．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“The quote “this too shall pass” comes to mind. Remove any shame about the present. Negative energy leads to negative experiences.(“这一切都会过去的”这句话浮现在我的脑海中。不要对现在感到羞耻。消极的能量导致消极的经历)”可知，G项“Therefore, by removing negative thoughts, you open doors for change(因此，通过消除消极的想法，你打开了改变的大门)”和前文构成因果关系，为前文的总结。故选G项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·山西省太原市·期中） Making decisions is a complex skill. There are always things to consider and the consequences might not be obvious for weeks, months, or years. So you might feel too worried about your choices and experience a constant sense of indecision. 1 . Narrow the options Imagine yourself looking through a streaming platform. Should you watch this action comedy or that romantic drama? 2 ? The first step is to narrow your options. When you reduce your choices, you are more able to look deeply into them and find a better solution, be it for what show you will be watching next or what you are going to study. Take time but set a deadline 3 . When someone won’t give you time, they might be too interested in you making a bad choice. So, it’s important to defend your time to make a decision. On the other hand, some people will feel upset endlessly over a decision if not limited in some way. So if you know yourself to be the type to think and overthink, set a deadline for yourself. Talk things through A good rule for decisions is to try and talk things through with other people. 4 . After all, you don’t want to go to people who always discourage you or those who cheer blindly on every option. Remember that nothing is everlasting Something that keeps you indecisive is the feeling that whatever decision you make, it will apply forever! This mindset can make you afraid of making decisions. Remember you can always change your mind and go after something else. 5 . But usually it’s not impossible. So give yourself permission to change your mind later if what you chose doesn’t work out. A．Should you do your homework at once B．Sure, it can be difficult to change course C．Should you start with a show or just a movie D．Being pressured into a decision is often a red flag E．However, it’s important to find someone you can trust F．This will help you identify how you feel with a particular option G．Let’s explore a set of guidelines that help you simplify the process 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．D 4．E 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可以帮助到犹豫不决的人们下决心的方法。 1．根据上文“So you might feel too worried about your choices and experience a constant sense of indecision.( 因此，你可能会对自己的选择感到过于担忧，并经常感到优柔寡断)”及下文给出了四个帮助解决做决定困难问题的建议可知，该空应该是指出对于此种担忧有解决办法的。由此可知，G. Let’s explore a set of guidelines that help you simplify the process(让我们探索一组帮助您简化该过程的指导方针)承上启下，guidelines呼应下面小标题，simplify呼应上文段首的complex。故选G项。 2．根据上文“Imagine yourself looking through a streaming platform. Should you watch this action comedy or that romantic drama?(想象一下你正在看一个流媒体平台。你应该看这部动作喜剧还是那部爱情剧？)”可知，该空应该是一个选择疑问句，是对于平台播放节目的选择。由此可知，C. Should you start with a show or just a movie(你应该从一场演出开始，还是只看一部电影)符合语境。故选C项。 3．根据小标题Take time but set a deadline及下文“When someone won’t give you time, they might be too interested in you making a bad choice. So, it’s important to defend your time to make a decision.(当有人不给你充足时间时，他们可能希望你做出错误的选择。所以，保护你的时间来做决定是很重要的)”可知，本段主要讲做决定前必须有足够的时间去思考，不能仓促。由此可知，D. Being pressured into a decision is often a red flag(在外界压力下做出决定通常是一个危险信号)符合语境，劝诫不要在别人催促情况下仓促决定。故选D项。 4．根据上文“A good rule for decisions is to try and talk things through with other people.(做决定的一个好规则是试着和其他人讨论事情)”及下文“After all, you don’t want to go to people who always discourage you or those who cheer blindly on every option.(毕竟，你不会想去找那些总是让你泄气的人，或者那些对每个选择都盲目欢呼的人)”可知，此处表达做决定前可以找人商量，但是人选要慎重，应该选择可靠的人。由此可知，E. However, it’s important to find someone you can trust(然而，找到一个你可以信任的人是很重要的)符合语境。故选E项。 5．根据上文“Remember you can always change your mind and go after something else.(记住，你可以随时改变主意，去追求别的东西)”及下文“But usually it’s not impossible. So give yourself permission to change your mind later if what you chose doesn’t work out.(但通常也不是不可能。所以，如果你的选择不成功，允许自己稍后改变主意)”可知，上一句说做决定时要知道，什么都不是永恒的，做了决定，不合适就可以改；下一句说改变即使很难但也不是不可能，允许自己对效果不好的决定作出改变，那么做决定时就不会太艰难。由此可知，B. Sure, it can be difficult to change course(当然，改变航向可能很难)承上启下，呼应上文的change，呼应however后面的not impossible，很难但却不是不可能。故选B项。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二上·陕西省安康市·期中） Have you ever looked in your food-waste bin? 1 It’s predicted that families in the U.K. create more than six million tonnes of food waste each year. “Food waste” means food that could have been eaten but instead is thrown away. Apples, bananas, bread, potatoes and salad are the most common things that are binned. With food prices rising, it’s a good time to become a “food-waste warrior”. Not only will it save money, it is good for the environment. After all, growing, packaging and transporting food use a lot of Earth’s resources such as energy and water. 2 First, it’s a good idea to find out just how much food goes into your bin. Keep a diary and note down the foods that get thrown away most often — and why. Planning meals for the week with your family can save time and money. For example, meat from a Sunday roast could go into sandwiches on Monday. 3 Weigh out pasta or rice you need before you cook it, and before you fill your plate, check how hungry you are so you don’t end up leaving food because you’re too full. Your freezer (冰箱) is a good way to save food. You can freeze leftovers in a container for another day. 4 It’s hard to keep track of food that’s gone to the back of the freezer. You could mark a shelf an “Eat me first” area for anything that has been there for a while. Finally, use your senses. Some U.K. supermarkets have taken “best before” dates off fruit and vegetables. 5 Ask an adult to help. Don’t forget to update your diary to see how much change you can make. A．Cooking the correct portion size helps too. B．However, heat any leftovers thoroughly before eating. C．Potatoes, carrots and turnips however, last a long time if kept in a cool, dark place. D．Here are some simple tips that can help you and your family become food-waste warriors. E．It may sound unpleasant but in fact it gives you a clue as to how much food your family throws out. F．This is done in order to encourage people to use their noses and eyes to work out if something is actually still fine to eat. G．Fruit that looks a bit sad can be made into a juice for a Friday treat. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。为减少食品浪费，文章提出了一些方法和技巧来帮助人们节约食物。 1．根据上文的“Have you ever looked in your food-waste bin?(你看过你的食物垃圾桶吗？)”和下文的“It’s estimated that families in the U.K. create more than six million tonnes of food waste each year.(据估计，英国家庭每年制造的食物垃圾超过600万吨)”可知，E项It may sound unpleasant but in fact it gives you a clue as to how much food your family throws out.(这可能听起来令人不快，但实际上它告诉你你的家庭扔掉了多少食物)承接上文，告诉人们通过查看家里的垃垃圾桶可以知道一家人浪费了多少食物，下文给出了英国全国家庭浪费食物的大体数字。故选E项。 2．根据上文的“With food prices rising, it’s a good time to become a “food-waste warrior”. Not only will it save money, but it is good for the environment. After all, growing, packaging and transporting food use a lot of Earth’s resources such as energy and water.(随着食品价格的上涨，这是一个成为“与食物浪费作斗争的斗士”的好时机。它不仅会省钱，而且对环境有好处。毕竟，种植、包装和运输食物要消耗大量的地球资源，比如能源和水)”可知，做一名“与食物浪费作斗争的斗士”有很多好处；根据下文的“First, it’s a good idea to find out just how much food goes into your bin. Keep a diary and note down the foods that get chucked out most often — and why. Planning meals for the week with your family can save time and money. For instance, meat from a Sunday roast could go into sandwiches on Monday.(首先，弄清楚有多少食物进了你的垃圾桶是个好主意。记日记，记下最常被扔掉的食物以及原因。和家人一起计划一周的膳食可以节省时间和金钱。例如，周日烤的肉可以放在周一的三明治里)”可知，这里指出了做一名“与食物浪费作斗争的斗士”的具体做法。D项Here are some simple tips that can help you and your family become food-waste warriors.(这里有一些简单的建议，可以帮助你的家人成为一名“与食物浪费作斗争的斗士”)承接上文，既然做一名“与食物浪费作斗争的斗士”有很多好处，那就要去做，引出下文的具体做法，故选D项。 3．根据下文的“Weigh out pasta or rice you need before you cook it(there are portion sizes on the packet but they are for adults, so adjust them), and before you pile your plate, check how hungry you are so you don’t end up leaving food because you’re too full.(在烹饪之前称一下你需要的意大利面或米饭，包装上有分量说明，但这是给成年人的，所以要调整一下，在盘子上摞一堆食物之前，确认一下你有多饿，这样你就不会因为吃得太饱而把食物扔掉)”可知，控制好要使用的食材的量是重要的，A项Cooking the correct portion size helps too.(烹饪正确份量的食物也有帮助)能够概括本段内容，可以作为主题句，这是节约食物的做法，故选A项。 4．根据上文的“You can freeze leftovers in a sealed container for another day. (你可以把剩饭剩菜放在密封的容器里再冷冻一天)”和下文的“It’s hard to keep track of food that’s gone to the back of the fridge. You could label a shelf an “Eat me first” spot for anything that has been there for a while.(很难追踪那些被放到冰箱后面的食物。任何东西已经放在架子上一段时间了，你可以在架子上贴上“先吃我”的标签)”可知，B项However, heat any leftovers thoroughly before eating.(然而，在吃之前，要彻底加热解冻剩菜)承接上文，指出冷冻食物要先充分解冻后再食用，这是冰箱储存食物的第一个问题，下文接着谈论冰箱储存食物的第二个问题，即容易遗忘，故选B项。 5．据上文的“Finally, use your senses. Some U. K. supermarkets have taken “best before” dates off fruit and vegetables.(最后，运用你的感官。一些英国超市已经取消了水果和蔬菜的“最佳食用日期”)”可知，使用感官来判断食物是否还能食用是重要的；根据下文的“Ask an adult to help. (找个成年人帮忙)”可知，通过感官来判断食物是否还能食用需要有经验的成年人帮忙。F项This is done in order to encourage people to use their noses and eyes to work out if something is actually still fine to eat.(这样做是为了鼓励用鼻子和眼睛来判断某些东西是否可以吃)承接上文，通过鼻子和眼睛来判断食物是否还能食用，若做不到应该找成年人帮忙，因此与下文连接通顺，故选F项。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二上·山西省太原市·期中） Few people get excited about meetings. Meetings often become long-winded affairs where many people are not really contributing, and, sometimes, that happens because the people have no real reason to be there. Meetings can feel like a way to waste time. 1 . Let’s find out what makes for a good meeting agenda (议程) that will leave employees satisfied and ready to get to work. 2 Meetings can be unavoidable, but they can become useful tools rather than terrible experiences. One of the best ways to ensure this is to respect people’s time. Try to make meetings quick and focused. Note the key points and follow them 3 . Make sure that everyone has access to the plan and also keep watch to ensure that the conversations keep to the plan. If other people are trying to take the dialogue in another direction, don’t be afraid to stop them and to offer to discuss the other points another time. Keep a separate section for questions Questions and comments can be valuable if focused on the topic. However, a good tip is to offer a special section that focuses on members’ additional contributions. 4 . Take time before and after the meeting It’s necessary to communicate before the meeting. 5 . Some groups need to be reminded to participate, while others should be reminded to keep their comments short and to the point. After the meeting, examine what went right and offer positive observations. But also note what can be improved and where the problem lies. Work better to improve the situation the next time. A．Respect people’s time. B．Focus on the essentials. C．It’s important to keep the main points in writing. D．Set ground rules depending on your particular group. E．Instead, perform the tasks of a meeting through an email. F．However, when done correctly, they can also be powerful tools. G．For new questions, matters, and more, set time aside at the end. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．C 4．G 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了让会议变得有用且高效的小贴士。 1．上文“Meetings can feel like a way to waste time. (会议可能是一种浪费时间的方式。)”指出会议浪费时间，下文“Let’s find out what makes for a good meeting agenda that will leave employees satisfied and ready to get to work. (让我们找出什么样的会议议程能让员工满意，并准备好开始工作。)”指出要找出好的会议议程，让员工满意，准备好工作。可知，空处承上启下，指出会议也有好的一方面，F项“However, when done correctly, they can also be powerful tools. (然而，如果做得正确，它们也可以是强大的工具)”符合语境。故选F。 2．根据本段内容“Meetings can be unavoidable, but they can become useful tools rather than terrible experiences. One of the best ways to ensure this is to respect people’s time. Try to make meetings quick and focused. (会议是不可避免的，但它们可以成为有用的工具，而不是可怕的经历。确保这一点的最好方法之一就是尊重人们的时间。尽量让会议简短而专注。)”可知，本段主要是关于尊重人们的时间，让会议简短而专注。A项“Respect people’s time. (尊重人们的时间)”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据本段小标题“Note the key points and follow them. (记下要点并遵循它们。)”以及下文“Make sure that everyone has access to the plan and also keep watch to ensure that the conversations keep to the plan. (确保每个人都能接触到这个计划，并且也要保持警惕，以确保对话符合计划。)”可知，本段主要是关于记下会议要点，并且遵循它们，C项中“keep the main points”与本段主题一致。C项“It’s important to keep the main points in writing. (把要点写下来很重要)”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据上文“However, a good tip is to offer a special section that focuses on members’ additional contributions. (然而，一个好的建议是提供一个专门的部分，专注于成员的额外贡献。)”可知，上文提到要设置专门的部分，关注成员的额外贡献，G项中“set time aside at the end”与上文承接，指出为新的问题，事项等留出时间。G项“For new questions, matters, and more, set time aside at the end. (对于新的问题、事项等，在最后留出时间)”符合语境。故选G。 5．根据上文“It’s necessary to communicate before the meeting. (会前沟通是必要的。)”以及下文“Some groups need to be reminded to participate, while others should be reminded to keep their comments short and to the point. (有些团队需要被提醒参与，而有些团队则需要被提醒保持评论简短且切题。)”可知，上文指出会前沟通是必要的，下文则指出不同的团队需要不同的提醒，由此可知，空处承上启下，指出要根据团队情况设定基本规则，D项中“Set ground rules”与此相符。D项“Set ground rules depending on your particular group. (根据你的特定团队设定基本规则)”符合语境。故选D。 Passage 5 （24-25学年高二上·山西省吕梁市·期中） How to slow down Are you one of those people who just cannot sit still? If you are, you’re not alone. 1 . Here are three tips for you. Meditate (冥想) or sit still Spend five minutes focusing on your breathing. If five minutes feels too long, try two minutes! When you notice your mind wandering (开小差), return your attention to your breathing. If you’ve never been great at meditation, 2 .This brings your focus back to being present in the moment. 3 I love coffee and I appreciate my coffee so much. Instead of checking your phone or drinking your coffee or tea while doing something else, try to be present and truly experience drinking your favorite drink. Really taste it. 4 . Anytime you can add small moments of mindfulness into your day, you’re practicing slowing down. Practice gratitude Practicing gratitude is a great way to slow down and find more enjoyment in life. Not only does it help bring you back to the present moment, but it also changes your mindset in a positive way. The great thing about practicing gratitude is it’s something you can do anywhere, anytime. 5 . Sometimes they are big things, like your health. Sometimes they are small things, like a beautiful sunrise. A．Enjoy your coffee or tea. B．Notice and pay attention to the color, the smell and the taste. C．Check your phone or drink your coffee or tea. D．I’m learning how to slow down and enjoy life right now. E．try to just simply sit still and pay attention to the things you can see for a while. F．All you need to do is take a few minutes and think of a few things you’re grateful for. G．you can enjoy your great time and you can also do a favor for others. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．A 4．B 5．F 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要围绕“如何放慢生活节奏并享受当下”这一主题，给出了三个具体的建议或方法，即冥想或静坐、享受咖啡或茶的过程以及练习感恩，从而帮助读者更好地理解并实践如何放慢生活，从而更加享受生活。 1．根据空前内容“Are you one of those people who just cannot sit still? If you are, you’re not alone.(你是那种坐不住的人吗？如果是，那你并不孤单。)”可知，有很多人都属于坐不住的人。选项D“I’m learning how to slow down and enjoy life right now.(我目前正在学习如何放慢脚步，享受生活。)”延续上文内容，既符合文章的主题“如何放慢脚步”，又能自然地引出下文的三个建议。故选D。 2．根据上文内容“Spend five minutes focusing on your breathing. If five minutes feels too long, try two minutes! When you notice your mind wandering (开小差), return your attention to your breathing.(花五分钟专注于呼吸。如果五分钟感觉太长，试试两分钟！当你发现思绪飘忽不定时，把注意力重新放在呼吸上。)”可知，上文提出我们可以试试专注于呼吸。选项E“try to just simply sit still and pay attention to the things you can see for a while.(试着简单地坐下来，花点时间关注你能看到的事物。)”与空前的从句内容“If you’ve never been great at meditation(如果你从未擅长过冥想)”保持一致，指的是如果不擅长冥想，可以先从简单的呼吸练习开始。故选E。 3．空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“I love coffee and I appreciate my coffee so much. Instead of checking your phone or drinking your coffee or tea while doing something else, try to be present and truly experience drinking your favorite drink.(我喜欢咖啡，非常欣赏我的咖啡。不要在做其他事情的同时查看手机、喝咖啡或茶，试着全神贯注地真正体验喝你最喜欢的饮料。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是享受咖啡或者茶。选项A“Enjoy your coffee or tea.(好好享受你的咖啡或茶。)”与本段内容相符，是本段内容的总结。故选A。 4．根据空前内容“Instead of checking your phone or drinking your coffee or tea while doing something else, try to be present and truly experience drinking your favorite drink. Really taste it.(不要在做其他事情的同时查看手机、喝咖啡或茶，试着全神贯注地真正体验喝你最喜欢的饮料。好好品味它。)”可知，上文讲述的是我们要好好享受喝咖啡或茶。选项B“Notice and pay attention to the color, the smell and the taste.(注意咖啡或茶的颜色、气味和味道。)”延续上文内容，详细描述了享受咖啡或茶的方式。故选B。 5．根据空前内容“The great thing about practicing gratitude is it’s something you can do anywhere, anytime.(练习感恩的美妙之处在于，你可以随时随地进行。)”可知，上文提到了练习感恩的优势。选项F“All you need to do is take a few minutes and think of a few things you’re grateful for.(你需要做的就是花几分钟想想你感激的几件事。)”既总结了感恩实践的重要性，又给出了具体的做法。故选F。 Passage 6 （24-25学年高二上·山西省太原市·期中） The use of spanking (打屁股) to punish children has greatly reduced. But yelling (大喊大叫)? 1 Yelling may be the most widespread parental stupidity around today. How many times in your parenting life have you said to yourself, after yelling at your kids, “Well, that was a good decision⋯”? Yelling doesn’t make you look authoritative (权威的). 2 It makes you look weak. And you’re yelling, let’s be honest, because you are weak. Yelling, even more than spanking, is the response of a person who doesn’t know what else to do. But most parents find it hard to imagine how to get through the day without yelling. The new research on yelling presents parents with two problems: What do I do instead? 3 Yelling to stop your kids from running into traffic is not what we’ re talking about here. 4 Yelling for correction is ineffective as a tool. We yell at our kids over the same stuff every day, and we yell at them some more because the original yelling doesn’t work. “Only knowing that yelling is bad, in itself, won’t help.” said Alan Kazdin, a professor at Yale. 5 “If the goal of the parent is catharsis (宣泄), I want to get this out of my system and show you how mad I am. Well, yelling is probably perfect.” Dr. Kazdin said. “If the goal here is to change something in the child or develop a positive habit in the child, yelling is not the way to do that. There are other strategies, and they don’t include yelling.” A．And how do I stop? B．But when should I stop doing that? C．We’ re talking about yelling as a form of correction. D．In fact, it makes you look out of control to your kids. E．Yelling is not a strategy; it’s a form of emotional expression. F．Yelling, obviously, does great harm to children than you imagine. G．Almost everybody still yells at their kids sometimes, even those who know it doesn’t work. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家长对孩子吼叫这种教育方式是不明智的。 1．根据下文的“Yelling may be the most widespread parental stupidity around today.(大喊大叫可能是当今父母最普遍的愚蠢行为)”可知，通过吼叫的方式教育孩子是如今父母普遍最愚蠢的做法。G项“几乎每个人都会时不时对自己的孩子大喊大叫，即使那些知道吼叫的方式不起作用的人也会如此”表示客观现象，符合语境。故选G。 2．根据该空上下句“Yelling doesn’t make you look authoritative (权威的).(大喊大叫不会让你看起来很权威)”和“It makes you look weak.(这会让你看起来很软弱)”可知，吼叫的方式不会帮助你树立权威。这实际上只会让孩子觉得你失控，让你看起来软弱无能。D项“事实上，这会让你的孩子觉得你不受控制”可承接上下文，符合语境。故选D。 3．此处为前一句“But most parents find it hard to imagine how to get through the day without yelling. The new research on yelling presents parents with two problems: What do I do instead?(但大多数父母发现很难想象如何度过一天而不大喊大叫。这项关于吼叫的新研究给父母们提出了两个问题：我该怎么办？)”指出的并列的两个问题。本段陈述了大多数家长发现不用吼叫的方式难以度过一天。关于吼叫的最新研究向父母提出了两个问题：我应该怎么做？要怎么改掉这个习惯？A项“我该如何停止？”符合语境。故选A。 4．此空和前一句“Yelling to stop your kids from running into traffic is not what we’ re talking about here.(大喊大叫让你的孩子不要冲进车流不是我们在这里讨论的问题)”是对比转折关系。上文提到这里讨论的，不是你大声吼叫提醒孩子小心汽车。C项“我们说的是把吼叫作为一种纠正方式”承接上文，下文的“Yelling for correction is ineffective as a tool.(作为一种工具，大喊大叫要求纠正是无效的)”也是提示。故选C。 5．根据上文““Only knowing that yelling is bad, in itself, won’t help.” said Alan Kazdin, a professor at Yale.(“只知道大喊大叫本身是不好的，并没有帮助。”耶鲁大学教授Alan Kazdin说)”可知，从耶鲁大学的教授说的话可知， 仅仅知道大吼大叫本身不好是没有用的。大吼大叫其实并非是一种管教孩子的策略，而是一种情感表达方式。根据最后一句中的关键词strategies可推知此空答案。E项“大喊大叫不是一种策略；它是情感表达的一种形式”符合语境，故选E。 主题01 人与社会—— 社会文化与人际 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·山西省太原市·期中） Five Ways to Practice Ecotourism Ecotourism, at its heart, is about travelling mindfully, seeking a balance between exploration and conservation. Ready to give it a try? Your next adventure will be truly eco-friendly. Think local and spend local. Spend that vacation money on locally-owned businesses. 1 You will also get opportunities to make personal connections with the local people. 2 Waste is a global problem, not just a local one. Though it can be challenging to remember, try to bring a water bottle, a coffee cup and a shopping bag. It’s a small effort that makes a big difference in the global fight against waste. Find local and sustainable accommodations. Choose accommodations that are owned and operated by locals. 3 This supports both local economy and eco-friendly practices. Visit and contribute to local organizations. Look for activities run by organizations that focus on eco-friendly methods. Then, see how you can participate—booking a tour is a great option! For example: ·Walk at a conservation center to see animals, plants and birds. ·Visit national parks—they contribute to conservation efforts. · 4 Book directly. It’s convenient to book travel arrangements through travel sites. 5 Therefore, book directly with the local company when possible. When in doubt, follow these three ecotourism rules: conservation, communities and education. If your travel plans check these boxes, congrats! Your adventure as an ecotourist awaits. A．Bring your reusables. B．Respect natural habitats. C．This will benefit the local economy. D．But it might also mean locals can’t make as much money. E．Take a surfing class that supports beach clean-up projects. F．Ridesharing is a sustainable travel option whenever possible. G．Take it a step further by looking for hotels that care for the environment. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．G 4．E 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了五种生态旅游的实践方式，向读者传达了生态旅游的核心理念和具体操作方法。 1．根据空前内容“Spend that vacation money on locally-owned businesses.(把度假钱花在当地企业上。)”可知，上文建议我们把钱花在当地企业上。选项C“This will benefit the local economy.(这将有利于当地经济。)”承接上文，进一步解释了在当地消费对当地经济的好处，且与下文“You will also get opportunities to make personal connections with the local people.(你也会有机会与当地人建立个人联系。)”构成并列关系。故选C。 2．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Waste is a global problem, not just a local one. Though it can be challenging to remember, try to bring a water bottle, a coffee cup and a shopping bag. It’s a small effort that makes a big difference in the global fight against waste.(浪费是一个全球性问题，而不仅仅是一个局部问题。尽管要记住这一点可能具有挑战性，但请尽量带上一个水瓶、一个咖啡杯和一个购物袋。这是在全球对抗浪费的斗争中，一个虽小但能产生巨大影响的行为。)”可知，本段主要讲述了在旅行中带上可重复使用的物品来减少浪费。选项A“Bring your reusables. (带上你的可重复使用的物品。)”能够概括本段主题。故选A。 3．根据空前内容“Choose accommodations that are owned and operated by locals.(选择由当地人拥有和经营的住宿。)”可知，上文建议选择由当地人拥有和经营的住宿。而根据空后“This supports both local economy and eco-friendly practices.(这既支持当地经济，又支持环保做法。)”可推测，空处应该是讲述了一种更加环保的住宿选择。选项G“Take it a step further by looking for hotels that care for the environment.(更进一步，寻找关心环境的酒店。)”与上文构成递进关系，且与下文构成逻辑上的连贯。故选G。 4．根据上文内容“Walk at a conservation center to see animals, plants and birds.(在保护中心散步，观赏动物、植物和鸟类。)”以及“Visit national parks—they contribute to conservation efforts.(参观国家公园——它们有助于保护工作。)”可知，上文列举了一些支持当地环保活动的例子。由此可知，空处应该再举一个类似的例子。选项E“Take a surfing class that supports beach clean-up projects.(参加一个支持海滩清洁项目的冲浪课程。)”符合这一要求，且与前文所列举的例子结构相似。故选E。 5．根据空前内容“It’s convenient to book travel arrangements through travel sites.(通过旅游网站预订旅行安排很方便。)”可知，通过旅游网站预订旅行安排很方便。而根据空后“Therefore, book directly with the local company when possible.(因此，尽可能直接预订当地公司的服务。)”可知，下文提到了直接预订的好处，并建议尽可能直接预订当地公司的服务。选项D“But it might also mean locals can’t make as much money.(但这也可能意味着当地人不能赚那么多钱。)”与前一句“通过旅游网站预订旅行安排很方便”形成转折，并引出后一句“因此，尽可能直接预订当地公司的服务”，起到了承上启下的作用。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·陕西省榆林市·期中） It’s easy to let things slide in midlife. But our 40s to 60s is actually the best time to increase activity levels. Indeed, a study found that people aged 40 — 61, who increased their fitness routine with activities such as walking and cycling, to a few hours a week, were 16. To 43 per cent less likely to die from cancer and heart disease. Therefore, exercise is necessary for this group of people. 1 . ·Walk faster The best way to get fit is also the easiest: head out for a quick walk. 2 . “You’ll have more energy and be much less likely to need the doctor,” says Professor Tom Yates. ·Play racquet (球拍) sports 3 . People playing tennis or badminton for at least two and a half hours a week had a16 per cent lower risk of dying from any cause. 4 , including swimming, cycling and walking. The researchers say this is because racquets sports work all your body’s muscles at once and require good hand-eye coordination (协调) while running around the court strengthens your heart and lungs. · 5 We tend to forget about our balance until we lose it but research shows that practising balance skills improves our fitness, strengthens brain health and leads to a longer life. In a 12-year study of 1,702 people, the ability to stand for 10 seconds was associated with longevity and health. Or simply practise standing on one leg. If you can manage 10 seconds, your balance is good. A．Balance on one leg B．Keep a balanced diet C．Here are the tips for midlife fitness D．We ought to move more and sit less E．Tennis or badminton offers more health benefits than other sports F．Fast-paced walkers live longer and are less likely to get heart disease G．If you want to stay sharp and lively into old age, take up tennis or badminton 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．G 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。中老年人每天适当的锻炼会更加长寿。本文介绍了几项适合中老年人的运动。 1．根据上文“Therefore, exercise is necessary for this group of people.”（因此，锻炼对这群人来说是必要的。）以及下文的各个小标题可知，选项总起下文。故C选项“以下是中年人保健小贴士”切题，tips呼应各个小标题。故选C项。 2．根据上文“The best way to get fit is also the easiest: head out for a quick walk.”（最好的健身方式也是最简单的：出去快速步行。）可知，设空处承接上文，说明快速步行的益处。故F选项“快节奏的步行者寿命更长，患心脏病的可能性更小”切题。故选F项。 3．根据下文“People playing tennis or badminton for at least two and a half hours a week had a16 per cent lower risk of dying from any cause.”（每周至少打两个半小时网球或羽毛球的人死于任何原因的风险都要低16%。）可知，下文说的是打网球或者羽毛球的益处；所以选项引领下文，故G选项“如果你想在年老时保持敏锐和活力，那就去打网球或羽毛球”切题；选项中的“tennis or badminton”属于小标题中的“racquet (球拍) sports”。故选G项。 4．根据上文“People playing tennis or badminton for at least two and a half hours a week had a16 per cent lower risk of dying from any cause.”（每周至少打两个半小时网球或羽毛球的人死于任何原因的风险都要低16%。）可知，选项承接上文，继续说明网球或羽毛球比其它运动的优势。故E选项“网球或羽毛球比其他运动更有益于健康”切题。故选E项。 5．根据下文“We tend to forget about our balance until we lose it but research shows that practising balance skills improves our fitness, strengthens brain health and leads to a longer life. In a 12-year study of 1,702 people, the ability to stand for 10 seconds was associated with longevity and health. Or simply practise standing on one leg.”（我们往往会忘记我们的平衡，直到我们失去它，但研究表明，练习平衡技能可以提高我们的健康，加强大脑健康，并导致更长的寿命。在一项对1702人进行的为期12年的研究中，站立10秒钟的能力与长寿和健康有关。或者只是练习单腿站立。）可知，本段主要介绍练习平衡技能。故A选项“单腿平衡”适合作该段的小标题。故选A项。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二上·山西省吕梁市·期中） Negative Effects of Social Media Social media is, arguably, one of the most exciting developments in recent history. It helps families and friends stay connected, offers a useful tool to look back on positive memories, and even helps those who are struggling find support among strangers. Despite so many benefits, it has negative effects that you need to be aware of. • Reduce Face-to-Face Interaction When you are on social media more often, not only do you spend less quality time with people who are physically present in your life, but they will quickly get annoyed when you’re mindlessly browsing social media websites instead of paying attention to them. 1 Even best friends may face similar situation at times. • Lead to depression According to recent studies, the more people use social media, the more negative feelings they experience, including depression. 2 It has been suggested that these negative feelings and depressive symptoms come from increased social comparisons and a lack of social interaction caused by spending more time on social media. • Distract From Life Goals 3 Social media allows an easy way out to distract us when we don’t feel like putting in the hard work, and we can end up going down a path where we simply don’t get things done because it becomes too easy to find a distraction. • 4 Social media is the easiest way to block the creative process. Surfing social media sites has a negative effect on the mind. Creativity often requires intense focus or a relatively clear, relaxed mind. Social media gets in the way of both. All in all, when used wisely, social media can be a great way to connect with others when face-to-face interactions are impossible. 5 A．Kill Creativity. B．Decrease sleep time. C．Achieving goals takes hard work and motivation. D．However, it also counts to avoid its negative effects. E．Also, it’s very clear that privacy and the Internet don’t mix well. F．This makes communication more complicated and causes misunderstanding. G．This could be particularly harmful to people suffering anxiety and depression. 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社交媒体的危害。 1．上文“When you are on social media more often, not only do you spend less quality time with people who are physically present in your life, but they will quickly get annoyed when you’re mindlessly browsing social media websites instead of paying attention to them.(当你更频繁地使用社交媒体时，你不仅会花更少的时间与生活中的人相处，而且当你无意识地浏览社交媒体网站而不是关注它们时，他们会很快感到恼火)”说明当人们过度使用社交媒体时，会减少面对面的交流，并且会让身边的人感到恼火。空处承接上文，进一步说明频繁地使用社交媒体时产生的后果。F项中的This指代前文中的“当你更频繁地使用社交媒体时，你不仅会花更少的时间与生活中的人相处”这件事，说明F项“这使得沟通更加复杂，并导致误解。”符合语境。故选F。 2．标题“Lead to depression(导致抑郁)”以及上文“According to recent studies, the more people use social media, the more negative feelings they experience, including depression. (根据最近的研究，使用社交媒体的人越多，他们经历的负面情绪就越多，包括抑郁)”说明近期研究表明，社交媒体的使用与更多负面情绪体验，包括抑郁之间存在关联。空处承接上文，进一步说明负面情绪多所造成的后果，G项中的This指代上文中的“the more negative feelings they experience, including depression”，“anxiety and depression”和标题相呼应，说明“这可能对患有焦虑和抑郁的人特别有害。”符合语境。故选G。 3．下文“Social media allows an easy way out to distract us when we don’t feel like putting in the hard work, and we can end up going down a path where we simply don’t get things done because it becomes too easy to find a distraction.(当我们不想投入艰苦的工作时，社交媒体提供了一种简单的方法来分散我们的注意力，我们最终可能会走上一条根本无法完成任务的道路，因为很容易找到分散注意力的方法)”说明社交媒体会分散我们对生活目标的注意力。空处承接标题，引出下文。C项中的“Achieving goals”和标题中的“Life Goals”相呼应，“akes hard work and motivation”和下文“when we don’t feel like putting in the hard work”相呼应，实现目标需要努力和动力，而社交媒体提供了一种简单的方法来分散我们的注意力。C项“实现目标需要努力和动力。”符合语境。故选C。 4．下文“Social media is the easiest way to block the creative process. Surfing social media sites has a negative effect on the mind. Creativity often requires intense focus or a relatively clear, relaxed mind.(社交媒体是阻止创作过程的最简单方法。浏览社交媒体网站会对大脑产生负面影响。创造力通常需要集中注意力或相对清晰、放松的心态)”说明本段主要是关于社交媒体能够阻止创造力的产生。A项“扼杀创造力”适合作本段的标题。故选A。 5．上文“All in all, when used wisely, social media can be a great way to connect with others when face-to-face interactions are impossible.(总而言之，如果使用得当，当无法进行面对面的互动时，社交媒体可以成为与他人联系的好方法)”说明当无法进行面对面交流时，合理使用社交媒体可以成为连接他人的有效工具。空处和前文形成转折关系，提醒我们在享受社交媒体带来的好处的同时，也要注意规避它的负面影响。D项“然而，这也有助于避免其负面影响。”符合语境。故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二上·青海省西宁市·期中） Benefits of Sports Camps in Summer When you sign up for sports camps for your children, you may have the intention of helping them improve their skills. Although it is a goal in sports camps, there are deeper benefits of taking part in sports camps, 1 . Perseverance(坚持不懈) Sports camps focus on developing a sense of desire to continue to grow by setting reasonable (合理的) goals for children. 2 In this process,the quality of perseverance is developed. With perseverance, children can further overcome the difficulties of learning skills and discouragement from their inner heart. Problem-solving Abilities 3 . Whether children are on the field or court, they will face challenging problems they will need to solve for themselves and their team. By solving these problems, their abilities are improved. Self-confidence The best way for children to achieve self-confidence is to have positive coaches. With coaches who provide instructions in sports camps, children can apply their strengths and improve their weaknesses. 4 . When children achieve things, their confidence grows. Strategic Thinking Sports camps introduce different ways to carry out strategic thinking. For example, your children will learn how to shoot the ball perfectly and how to kick the ball at the exact force needed to pass it across the field or a short distance. 5 . Instead, they’re learned through trial and error(试错). By practising tricky skills, strategic thinking is encouraged. A．The life of summer camp is wonderful B．The following are four benefits for you to refer to C．Problem-solving doesn't only occur in the classroom D．That includes helping children develop problem-solving skills E．But these physical strategies cannot be taught with a paper and pencil F．Children can see the progress they make when they perform different skills G．Besides,coaches also provide a healthy amount of pressure for your children to perform well 【答案】1．B 2．F 3．C 4．G 5．E 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了夏季运动营对孩子身心发展的四个好处。 1．根据空前“Although it is a goal in sports camps，there are deeper benefits of taking part in sports camps, (虽然这是运动营的一个目标，但参加运动营还有更深层次的好处，)”，及下文的小标题“Perseverance (坚持不懈)”，“Problem-solving Abilities (问题解决能力)”，“Self-confidence (自信)”，“Strategic Thinking (战略思维)”可知，设空处承上启下，表明下文将陈述参加运动营的好处，B项“The following are four benefits for you to refer to (以下是四个好处，供大家参考)”符合语境，故选B项。 2．根据空前“Sports camps focus on developing a sense of desire to continue to grow by setting reasonable (合理的) goals for children. (运动训练营通过为孩子们设定合理的目标，专注于培养他们不断成长的愿望。)”，F项“Children can see the progress they make when they perform different skills (当孩子们表演不同的技能时，他们可以看到自己的进步)”，F项顺接上文，句中的see the progress they make与上文的“continue to grow”相呼应，空后“In this process, the quality of perseverance is developed. (在这个过程中，毅力的品质得到了培养。)”，句中的In this process指代上文“设定目标——表演技能——看见进步”的过程，上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选F项。 3．根据本段的小标题 Problem-solving Abilities，及空后“Whether children are on the field or court，they will face challenging problems they will need to solve for themselves and their team. (无论孩子们是在球场上还是在球场上，他们都将面临挑战，他们需要为自己和团队解决问题。)”可知，此段话题为“解决问题的能力”，C项“Problem-solving doesn’t only occur in the classroom (解决问题不仅仅发生在课堂上)”，与下文为并列关系，上下文衔接连贯。故选C项。 4．根据空前“With coaches who provide instructions in sports camps, children can apply their strengths and improve their weaknesses. (有教练在运动营中提供指导，孩子们可以发挥自己的长处，改进自己的弱点。)”，G项“Besides, coaches also provide a healthy amount of pressure for your children to perform well (此外，教练也为你的孩子提供了一个健康的压力，让他们表现得更好)”，G项与上文为并列关系，陈述了运动营中的孩子在教练指导下对自身的认知，空后“When children achieve things, their confidence grows. (当孩子们有所成就时，他们的信心就会增长。)”，空后承接上文，为结果。上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选G项。 5．根据本段小标题Strategic Thinking，以及空前“For example，your children will learn how to shoot the ball perfectly and how to kick the ball at the exact force needed to pass it across the field or a short distance. (例如，您的孩子将学习如何完美地射门，以及如何以准确的力量将球踢过场地或短距离。)”，E项“But these physical strategies cannot be taught with a paper and pencil (但是这些物理策略不能用纸和笔来教)”，上文与E项为转折关系，及空后“Instead, they’re learned through trial and error(试错). (相反，它们是通过尝试和错误来学习的)”，句中的they指代上文的these physical strategies，下文承接E项。上下文衔接连贯，故选E项。 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·青海省西宁市·期中） The Rise of “China-chic” Over past years, guochao, or “China-chic" has been gaining popularity among Chinese consumers. Guochao conveys the cultural heritage and values of China. 1 “China-chic” is rising, but what is it? The idea of guochao was first borrowed from some international brands, and began to win over Chinese consumers in 2015. 2 In 2018, Chinese sportswear band Li-Ning presented its Wu Dao (the principles of Taoism) collection at the New York Fashion Week. It featured bright red color and Chinese characters. More brands have since followed, heralding (预示) the early period of guochao. 3 This was a period when applications of big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and 5G technology hit the market one after another. Domestic tech companies such as Huawei, Xiaomi, and DJI made headlines. In its third stage, guochao became more common in everyday life. Over the past decade, guochao has expanded from consumer goods to experiential products. As consumers are showing greater interest in cultural identity and creativity, productions like the TV program National Treasure, and the dance show Night Banquet in Tang Dynasty Palace combine cultural and historical elements with the latest audio-visual technologies. 4 Nowadays, guochao is moving to the next stage. No matter how the trend evolves, Chinese people’s positive attitude toward the country’s development and their growing confidence in national culture won’t change. 5 Seen from a broader perspective, guochao mirrors the rise of China, a country eager to make its presence felt globally. Guochao is a style, but more importantly, it conveys culture and values. A．The trend grew in the following years. B．They give the viewers a totally new experience. C．The next stage saw the rise of China’s native fashion trends. D．It also expresses national pride and confidence. E．The second period of guochao mainly features hi-tech sectors. F．Its success will rely mostly on gaining cultural confidence. G．The concept of “Made in China” was recognized as the representation of Chinese culture. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．B 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍“中国时尚”——国潮的兴起。 1．根据上文“Over past years, guochao, or “China-chic” has been gaining popularity among Chinese consumers. Guochao conveys the cultural heritage and values of China. (在过去的几年里，国潮在中国消费者中越来越受欢迎。国潮传达了中国的文化遗产和价值观。)”可知，这里提到国潮的受欢迎以及国潮蕴含的内涵。选项D“它也表达了民族自豪感和对新时代的信心”承接上文，其中的expresses和上文的conveys呼应。故选D。 2．根据上文“The idea of guochao was first borrowed from some international brands, and began to win over Chinese consumers in 2015. (国潮的理念最早是借鉴了一些国际品牌，并于2015年开始赢得中国消费者的青睐。)”和下文“In 2018, Chinese sportswear band Li-Ning presented its Wu Dao(the principles of Taoism) collection at the New York Fashion Week. It featured bright red color and Chinese characters. More brands have since followed, heralding(预示) the early period of guochao. (2018年，中国运动品牌李宁在纽约时装周上展示了其“悟道”系列。它以鲜艳的红色和汉字为特色。此后，更多的品牌紧随其后，预示着国潮的早期。)”可知，这里介绍国潮早期的发展历程。选项A“这一趋势在接下来的几年里不断发展”和承上启下，其中的the following years呼应上下文的年份2015和2018。故选A。 3．空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，应统领下文内容。根据下文“This was a period when applications of big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and 5G technology hit the market one after another. Domestic tech companies such as Huawei, Xiaomi, and DJI made headlines. (这是一个大数据、云计算、物联网和5G技术应用相继进入市场的时期。华为、小米和大疆等国内科技公司成为头条新闻。)”可知，这里介绍与高科技相关的国潮品牌。选项E“国潮的第二个时期以高科技产业为主”契合段落内容，且和上一段落的第一阶段和下一段落的第三阶段呼应。故选E。 4．根据上文“As consumers are showing greater interest in cultural identity and creativity, productions like the TV program National Treasure, and the dance show Night Banquet in Tang Dynasty Palace integrate cultural and historical elements with the latest audio-visual technologies. (随着消费者对文化认同和创意表现出更大的兴趣，电视节目《国家宝藏》和舞蹈节目《大唐夜宴》等作品将文化和历史元素与最新的视听技术相结合。)”可知，这里介绍融入国潮的电视文化节目。选项B“它们给观众一种全新的体验”承接上文，其中的They指代上文的productions。故选B。 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·山西省太原市·期中） It’s the start of the new school year, and most college students now know what’s expected for their classes. But one rule troubles some students — the laptop rule, which limits or stops the use of laptops for note-taking in class. How students take notes, whether typing on a laptop or writing by hand, is a topic of debate among students. 1 , and they prefer to use their laptops. However, I personally support the laptop rule. 2 . Psychologists Pam Mueller and Daniel Oppenheimer have found that taking notes on laptops is less effective than taking notes by hand. Compared to typing on a keyboard, writing by hand increases our memory, and makes for better understanding in our brains and better understanding when our brains read our handwritten notes again for test preparation. Plus, laptops are also distracting (令人分心的). 3 . In many classes, I’ve seen students using laptops to go on social media, play games, or read news. The back-and-forth between taking notes and looking at Twitter on bright computer screens nearby steals my attention away from the lecture, which is not fair to me. There are some situations where laptops are allowed. Students with learning or physical disabilities should have the choice to use their laptops to take notes. It might be easier for them to take notes on a keyboard. 4 , they should not be given the same choice. During class time, students should focus on their teacher and the lesson. 5 , it’s best to take notes with pen and paper. A．Since students who use laptops take more notes B．If they want to learn something from a class or lecture C．However, since most students don’t have such problems D．Using a laptop influences others, not just the person using it E．Some students say they have the right to choose how to take notes F．It is a popular belief that taking notes on a laptop is quick and easy G．If learning is students’ goal, using a laptop during class is a terrible idea 【答案】1．E 2．G 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了关于课堂上是否应该使用笔记本电脑记笔记的争议，作者支持限制或禁止使用笔记本电脑记笔记的规定。 1．上文“How students take notes, whether typing on a laptop or writing by hand, is a topic of debate among students.(学生如何记笔记，是用笔记本电脑打字还是手写，是学生之间争论的话题)”说明学生之间对于记笔记的方式存在争议。E选项“Some students say they have the right to choose how to take notes(一些学生表示，他们有权选择如何记笔记)”承接上文，提出了一部分学生的观点，即他们认为自己有选择记笔记方式的权利，这与上文提到的争议话题相呼应，同时句中“Some students”是下文“they”指代对象。故选E项。 2．下文“Psychologists Pam Mueller and Daniel Oppenheimer have found that taking notes on laptops is less effective than taking notes by hand.(心理学家Pam Mueller和Daniel Oppenheimer发现，用笔记本电脑记笔记的效果不如手写记笔记)”提出了心理学家发现笔记本电脑记笔记的效果不如手写记笔记，引用研究结论解释了G选项“If learning is students’ goal, using a laptop during class is a terrible idea(如果学习是学生的目标，那么在课堂上使用笔记本电脑是一个糟糕的主意)”中提出的观点，证明了为什么在课堂上使用笔记本电脑是一个糟糕的主意。故选G项。 3．下文“In many classes, I’ve seen students using laptops to go on social media, play games, or read news. The back-and-forth between taking notes and looking at Twitter on bright computer screens nearby steals my attention away from the lecture, which is not fair to me.(在很多课堂上，我看到学生们用笔记本电脑浏览社交媒体、玩游戏或者看新闻。在明亮的电脑屏幕上，一会儿记笔记一会儿看推特这种来回切换的行为把我的注意力从课堂上吸引走了，这对我不公平)”作者描述了自己在课堂上因其他人使用笔记本电脑而分散注意力的现象。是对D选项“Using a laptop influences others, not just the person using it(使用笔记本电脑会影响他人，而不仅仅是使用者本身)”中观点的举例说明，即使用笔记本电脑记笔记不仅影响自己，还会影响其他人。故选D项。 4．上文“Students with learning or physical disabilities should have the choice to use their laptops to take notes. It might be easier for them to take notes on a keyboard.(有学习障碍或身体残疾的学生应该可以选择使用笔记本电脑记笔记。对他们来说，用键盘记笔记可能更容易)”提出了特殊情况下的例外，即允许有学习障碍或身体残疾的学生使用笔记本电脑记笔记。C选项“However, since most students don’t have such problems(然而，由于大多数学生没有这样的问题)”转折上文，提出了大多数学生并不属于特殊情况，因此不应该享有同样的选择权，这与上文形成对比，使论证更加严密，句中“such problems”指代上文中“learning or physical disabilities”。故选C项。 5．下文“it’s best to take notes with pen and paper.(最好用钢笔和纸记笔记)”提出了建议，即使用传统的记笔记方式。B选项“If they want to learn something from a class or lecture(如果他们想从课堂或讲座中学到东西)”引出下文，提出了学习是记笔记的目的，因此选择最有效的记笔记方式是很重要的，这与下文的建议相呼应。故选B项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·山西省太原市·期中） Research has shown that loneliness is a major threat to longevity (长寿). People who are lonely or socially isolated (孤立的) have a higher risk of damaged immune function and depression. On the other side, healthy friendships can help us cope with stress and live happier, longer lives. 1 A Harvard study found that when a person gets happy, their friends living within one mile have a 25% higher chance of feeling happier too. Here are tips from relationship experts for making and deepening friendships. Be active 2 And if they do, they might not be sustainable. A study found that the belief that friendships were based on external or uncontrollable factors — luck, basically — predicted greater loneliness five years later. Be optimistic Researchers found that receivers of an unexpected communication, such as a short note or a small gift, appreciated the gesture a lot more than the sender thought they would. 3 But not just in the obvious way. We often underestimate how much people like us. If we assume we’re going to be liked, we become more likable — warmer, friendlier and more open. Make a list Write down the names of several people you know but would like to be closer to. Then reach out to each of them: Send a text message or an invitation to meet for a coffee. 4 Practice 5 Social skills are like muscles — we can work them. In a 2022 study, participants were required to talk to strangers every day for a week. By the end, people were less worried about being rejected and more confident they could keep the conversation going. A．Friendships don’t just happen. B．Plus, happiness spreads easily. C．Friends can’t come to you in all the ways you need. D．See if this small gesture might contribute to a deeper connection. E．In contemporary society, many of us forget how to socialize. F．Not surprisingly, a positive attitude can help us make friends. G．Repeated activities come with a built-in get-to-know-you schedule. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．F 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何建立和加深友谊的重要性以及具体的方法。 1．空后“A Harvard study found that when a person gets happy, their friends living within one mile have a 25% higher chance of feeling happier too.(哈佛大学的一项研究发现，当一个人快乐时，他一英里内的朋友也有25%的机会感到快乐)”说明了当一个人快乐时，他一英里内的朋友也有25%的机会感到快乐，说明快乐是可以传播的，B选项“Plus, happiness spreads easily.(另外，快乐很容易传播)”说明了快乐很容易传播，引起下文，符合语境，故选B。 2．空后“And if they do, they might not be sustainable.(如果它们这样做，它们可能是不可持续的)”说明了如果友谊像空前那样发生的话，它们是不可持续的，A选项“Friendships don’t just happen.(友谊不是凭空产生的)”说明了友谊不是凭空产生的，和后文如果凭空产生的话，它们就不会持久相一致，因此A选项引起下文，符合语境，故选A。 3．本段小标题是“Be optimistic(保持乐观的心态)”，说明本段主要讲的是要有积极的心态，空格处应该和积极的态度有关，后文“If we assume we’re going to be liked, we become more likable — warmer, friendlier and more open.(如果我们假设自己会被喜欢，我们就会变得更讨人喜欢——更温暖、更友好、更开放)”讲的就是一种积极的态度，说明如果我们有这样的态度，我们就会变得更友好，这有助于交朋友，F选项“Not surprisingly, a positive attitude can help us make friends.(毫不奇怪，积极的态度可以帮助我们交朋友)”说明了积极的态度的好处是可以帮我们交朋友，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 4．空前“Write down the names of several people you know but would like to be closer to. Then reach out to each of them: Send a text message or an invitation to meet for a coffee.(写下几个你认识但想要亲近的人的名字。然后主动联系他们每个人：发个短信或者邀请他们一起喝杯咖啡)”说明的是具体的一种做法，空格处应该说这种做法会引起什么结果，D选项“See if this small gesture might contribute to a deeper connection.(看看这个小小的举动是否有助于更深层次的联系)”承接上文，说明在列完想要亲近的人的单子之后看看这个事情会带来什么结果，因此符合语境，故选D。 5．本段小标题是“Practice(练习)”，说明本段要讲的是社交是需要练习的，空后“Social skills are like muscles — we can work them. In a 2022 study, participants were required to talk to strangers every day for a week. By the end, people were less worried about being rejected and more confident they could keep the conversation going.(社交技能就像肌肉，我们可以锻炼它们。在2022年的一项研究中，参与者被要求在一周内每天与陌生人交谈。到最后，人们不再那么担心被拒绝，而是更有信心让谈话继续下去)”说明了通过练习，人们变得更会社交了，空格处应该和人们社交的现状有关，应该是人们不太会社交，这才需要练习，E选项“In contemporary society, many of us forget how to socialize.(在当代社会，我们中的许多人忘记了如何社交)”说明了我们很多人忘了如何社交，是一种现状，所以就需要练习，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二上·山西省吕梁市·期中） When we are kids, we laugh a lot. But as we become adults, it is much more difficult to laugh so easily. Do you laugh too little in your life? Do you remember how you used to laugh before, as a child? 1 . It’s a great way to relax, not just on a purely emotional level, but also physically. It can reduce our blood pressure. It also contributes to the release of hormones (荷尔蒙) that are good for our health. 2 . It helps us feel more at ease around new people and also connects us with others. Sometimes, you might feel like there is not much cause to laugh. Life can be tough. But laughter is, if not the best medicine, a good support to have for tough times and for good times as well. So you should allow yourself to laugh as you used to. A good idea is to give yourself permission to play. Play is a natural activity that promotes a lot of laughter, whether it's through video games, outdoor games, or board games. 3 . Laughter comes from being with others. 4 . Hang out with family members that are nice to be around, with whom you can have fun, laugh, and enjoy yourself. Give your time to those who can share your laughter. More than anything, learn to develop humor. 5 . Laugh at your mistakes and learn to laugh at yourself. Then you will be surprised by the changes you will see in your life. A．You don’t have to be mean B．Laughter has a lot of benefits C．Don’t take yourself too seriously D．Try to see your friends more often E．Watch videos to help you correct your mistakes F．In addition to these, laughing has a social function G．Just discover what you like to play and have fun with it 【答案】1．B 2．F 3．G 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了笑的好处和如何制造让我们笑的场合。 1．根据空后“It’s a great way to relax, not just on a purely emotional level, but also physically. It can reduce our blood pressure. It also contributes to the release of hormones (荷尔蒙) that are good for our health.(这是一种很好的放松方式，不仅在纯粹的情感层面上，而且在身体上。它可以降低我们的血压。它还有助于荷尔蒙的释放，这对我们的健康有益)”可知，本段是说笑的好处，B项“笑有很多好处”适合作本段的主题句。故选B。 2．根据空前“It can reduce our blood pressure. It also contributes to the release of hormones (荷尔蒙) that are good for our health.(它可以降低我们的血压。它还有助于荷尔蒙的释放，这对我们的健康有益)”及空后“It helps us feel more at ease around new people and also connects us with others.(它帮助我们在陌生人面前感到更自在，也让我们与他人联系起来)”可知，F项“除了这些以外，笑还有社交功能”符合语境。故选F。 3．根据空前“A good idea is to give yourself permission to play. Play is a natural activity that promotes a lot of laughter, whether it's through video games, outdoor games, or board games.(一个好主意是允许自己去玩。玩耍是一种自然的活动，可以带来很多笑声，无论是通过电子游戏、户外游戏还是棋盘游戏)”可知，本段是说允许自己玩，并列举了几种游戏，G项“发现你喜欢玩的游戏，并从中获得乐趣”符合语境。故选G。 4．根据空前“Laughter comes from being with others.(笑声来自和别人在一起)”及空后“Hang out with family members that are nice to be around, with whom you can have fun, laugh, and enjoy yourself.(和你喜欢的家人一起出去玩，和他们在一起你可以玩得开心，开怀大笑，享受自己)”可知，本段是关于和别人在一起，下文提到了家人，D项“尽量多见见你的朋友”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据空前“More than anything, learn to develop humor.(最重要的是，学会培养幽默感)”及空后“Laugh at your mistakes and learn to laugh at yourself.(对自己的错误笑一笑，学会自嘲)”可知，本段是说学会幽默，对自己的错误一笑置之，不要太认真，C项“别太把自己当回事”符合语境。故选C。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二上·山西省长治市·期中） Overcoming Procrastination: Strategies for Taking Action Procrastination (拖延症) is like a thief, stealing time and opportunities from us. 1 , often accompanied by the pain of last-minute stress. But fear not, for there are ways to conquer this common challenge .● Identify the Causes The first step in overcoming procrastination is understanding why you do it. Is it fear of failure, perfectionism, or simply a lack of interest in the task? 2 , you can address it directly. For example, if perfectionism is to blame, remind yourself that done is better than perfect. ● Break Tasks into Smaller Parts Large tasks can seem challenging, leading us to procrastinate. 3 This not only makes the task seem less demanding but also provides a series of quick wins that raise motivation. By celebrating these mini-victories, you can transform a huge task into a series of manageable challenges. ● Set Specific Goals and Deadlines 4 . Instead, set specific, achievable goals with clear deadlines. For instance, instead of saying “I need to start a project,” say “I will complete the project outline by Friday.” Having a clear deadline can create a sense of urgency that drives you into action. ● Create a Supportive Environment Your environment can significantly influence your productivity. Remove distractions by creating a supportive workspace. This could mean tidying up your desk, turning off notifications, or using noise-cancelling headphones. 5 By applying on these strategies, you can create a comprehensive plan to fight procrastination. With persistence and practice, you can transform your relationship with time and achieve your goals with greater efficiency and less stress. A．If you really lack interest B．Cut them into more effortless bits C．Once you’ve identified the root cause D．It’s the art of postponing tasks to later E．A clean and organized space aids focused work F．General goals are an invitation to procrastinate G．Specific goals enhance focus and boost achievement 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．F 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几条关于如何克服拖延症的建议。 1．根据上文“Procrastination (拖延症) is like a thief, stealing time and opportunities from us.(拖延症就像一个小偷，从我们身边偷走时间和机会)”可知，本句紧接着介绍拖延症的比喻，说明拖延症本质是推迟任务的行为。故D选项“这是把任务推迟到以后的艺术”符合语境，故选D。 2．根据上文“The first step in overcoming procrastination is understanding why you do it. Is it fear of failure, perfectionism, or simply a lack of interest in the task?(克服拖延症的第一步是理解你为什么这样做。是害怕失败、追求完美，还是只是对任务缺乏兴趣？)”以及后文“you can address it directly(你可以直接解决它)”可知，本句指出一旦识别出拖延的根源，就可以直接解决它。故C选项“一旦你确定了根本原因”符合语境，故选C。 3．根据上文“Large tasks can seem challenging, leading us to procrastinate.(大任务看起来具有挑战性，导致我们拖延)”以及后文“This not only makes the task seem less demanding but also provides a series of quick wins that raise motivation. By celebrating these mini-victories, you can transform a huge task into a series of manageable challenges.(这不仅使任务看起来不那么苛刻，而且还提供了一系列快速的胜利，提高了动力。通过庆祝这些小小的胜利，你可以把一个巨大的任务变成一系列可管理的挑战)”可知，后文提到了小小的胜利，推测是建议将大任务分解为容易处理的小部分。B选项与标题“Break Tasks into Smaller Parts(把任务分成更小的部分)”相呼应，effortless bits与smaller parts含义相近，故B选项“把它们分解成更容易的小块”符合语境，故选B。 4．根据后文“Instead, set specific, achievable goals with clear deadlines. For instance, instead of saying “I need to start a project,” say “I will complete the project outline by Friday.” Having a clear deadline can create a sense of urgency that drives you into action.(相反，你应该设定具体的、可实现的目标，并设定明确的截止日期。例如，与其说“我需要开始一个项目”，不如说“我将在周五之前完成项目大纲。”有一个明确的截止日期可以创造一种紧迫感，促使你采取行动)”可知，后文与本句构成转折，后文建议设定具体的、可实现的目标，可知本句是在说明模糊的目标会导致拖延。故F选项“笼统的目标是拖延的诱因”符合语境，故选F。 5．根据上文“Your environment can significantly influence your productivity. Remove distractions by creating a supportive workspace. This could mean tidying up your desk, turning off notifications, or using noise-cancelling headphones.(你的环境会极大地影响你的工作效率。通过创造一个支持性的工作空间来消除干扰。这可能意味着整理你的办公桌，关闭通知，或者使用降噪耳机)”可知，本段主要强调了整洁有序的环境有助于集中注意力进行工作。故E选项“清洁和有组织的空间有助于重点工作”符合语境，故选E。 Passage 5 （24-25高二上·陕西省西安市·期中） When gardeners grow varieties of plants in their beautiful gardens, they are happy to see beneficial insects like bees and butterflies surrounding the flowers. But as they take a closer look, they may find some plants are covered in black dots and filled with harmful insects or pests. Some gardeners may immediately reach for chemicals. 1 Although it may stop the insect problem, it will also threaten bees and butterflies which help the plants reproduce. If you are wise gardeners, you should first take preventive measures to control the harmful insects. 2 Only when there are too many harmful insects, should pest control be considered. The first defense should always be the safest method available. Prevention As a rule, prevention is the best treatment. Inspect plants closely, including their leaves, before buying them from the store. 3 When planting, space plants out to permit them to grow to their full size. Plants too close together can breed harmful organisms, like bacteria. 4 They invite pests if permitted to remain on the ground. When you do see pests, wash them away. Use rubbing alcohol to remove some insects, or pick them off the plants. Pesticides If you decide a pesticide is necessary, choose it carefully and follow the directions and warnings on the product. Avoid using pesticides in extreme heat, on windy days, or when the plants are wet. 5 At the time, beneficial insects are inactive. You can consider removing flowers from the plants to lessen the risk that beneficial insects will come in contact with the pesticides. A．But this is not wise. B．In most cases, chemicals don’t help. C．Treat the plants early in the morning or at night. D．Also do remember the plants need nutrition and care. E．Keep your garden free of fallen leaves, fruits and other wastes. F．Do not bring any plants home that show signs of disease or pests. G．The process starts with the idea that having some pests is acceptable. 【答案】1．A 2．G 3．F 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。当园丁在美丽的花园里种植各种各样的植物时，他们很高兴看到蜜蜂和蝴蝶等有益的昆虫围绕在花周围。但是当他们仔细观察时，他们可能会发现一些植物被黑点覆盖，并且充满了有害的昆虫或害虫。文章介绍如何预防害虫和使用农药。 1．根据上文提示“Some gardeners may immediately reach for chemicals.（一些园丁可能会立即使用化学药品。）”，再根据下文提示“Although it may stop the insect problem, it will also threaten bees and butterflies which help the plants reproduce.（虽然它可以解决昆虫问题，但它也会威胁到帮助植物繁殖的蜜蜂和蝴蝶。）”可知，设空处与上文构成转折关系。所以A项But this is not wise.（但这是不明智的。）切题。故选A。 2．根据下文提示“Only when there are too many harmful insects, should pest control be considered.（只有当有害昆虫太多的时候，才应该考虑害虫防治。）”可知，要接受有害虫。所以G项The process starts with the idea that having some pests is acceptable.（这个过程始于有一些害虫是可以接受的想法。）切题。故选G。 3．根据上文提示“As a rule, prevention is the best treatment. Inspect plants closely, including their leaves, before buying them from the store.（一般来说，预防是最好的治疗。在从商店购买之前，仔细检查植物，包括它们的叶子。）”可知，有病虫害的植物不能带回家。所以F项Do not bring any plants home that show signs of disease or pests.（不要带任何有病虫害迹象的植物回家。）切题，其中选项中的also顺承了上文。故选F。 4．根据下文提示“They invite pests if permitted to remain on the ground. When you do see pests, wash them away. Use rubbing alcohol to remove some insects, or pick them off the plants.（如果允许害虫留在地面上，它们会招来害虫。当你看到害虫时，把它们洗掉。用外用酒精去除一些昆虫，或者把它们从植物上摘下来。）”可知，要保持花园远离落叶和其他废物。所以E项Keep your garden free of fallen leaves, fruits and other wastes.（让你的花园远离落叶、水果和其他废物。）切题。故选E。 5．根据上文提示“Avoid using pesticides in extreme heat, on windy days, or when the plants are wet.（避免在极端高温、大风天或植物潮湿时使用农药。）”可知，设空处应该是在说使用农药的时间。所以C项Treat the plants early in the morning or at night.（在清晨或晚上治疗植物。）切题。故选C。 Passage 6 （24-25高二上·陕西省西安市·期中） Once upon a time, sewing and mending clothes was common. 1 Why have people stopped mending their clothing? Schools stopped offering home economics classes, technology boomed and fast fashion became increasingly popular. All of a sudden, it’s more inconvenient to fix something than it is to buy something new. 2 In the past few years, it seems there’s been growing interest in slow fashion—not only saving, but also sewing and mending. On one of the most pleasant corners of the internet, you’ll find lots of videos showcasing everything from visible mending to beginner sewing journeys. Why should you learn to mend? 3 As any eco expert will tell you, the best thing you can do is buy less to begin with. That means shopping for quality items that will stand the test of time, but also learning a few key skills so you can repair those items as needed rather than sentencing them to life in an already-overflowing landfill. It’s also helpful to customize (改制) secondhand items which might not be exactly the right size or a little out of date. 4 Beyond the functional benefits, mending is about using what you have, embracing imperfections, fixing what’s broken, and rejecting the idea that new er is better. The other aspect of mending is mindfulness. 5 It’s meditative (冥想的), slow work. It’s productive, and deeply satisfying. And an added bonus: It’s sustainable. If you are interested in sewing and mending, it is the perfect time to learn the new skill. which can especially have a positive impact on the world. A．But all hope is not lost. B．Because it is a means of making a living. C．Mending is a great way to reject consumerism. D．Buying secondhand goods makes it possible to be sustainable. E．This way, you may find yourself upcycling pieces into ones that suit you. F．At some point in the last few decades, though, it became something of a lost art. G．You focus on the task at hand and use your creativity to make your clothes unique. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．C 4．E 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了修补和缝纫衣服的好处。 1．根据上文“Once upon a time, sewing and mending clothes was common.(曾几何时，缝纫和缝补衣服是很常见的)”以及后文“Why have people stopped mending their clothing?(为什么人们不再缝补衣服了？)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出人们不再缝补衣服了。故F选项“然而，在过去几十年的某个时候，它成了一门失传的艺术”符合语境，故选F。 2．根据上文“All of a sudden, it’s more inconvenient to fix something than it is to buy something new.(突然之间，修理东西比买新东西更不方便)”以及后文“In the past few years, it seems there’s been growing interest in slow fashion—not only saving, but also sewing and mending. On one of the most pleasant corners of the internet, you’ll find lots of videos showcasing everything from visible mending to beginner sewing journeys.(在过去的几年里，人们对慢时尚的兴趣似乎越来越大——不仅是省钱，还有缝纫和修补。在互联网最令人愉快的角落之一，你会发现很多视频，展示从可见的修补到初学者的缝纫之旅)”可知，本句与上一段最后一句构成转折，指出在过去几年，人们又开始进行缝纫了，故A选项“但并不是所有的希望都破灭了”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据上文“Why should you learn to mend?(你为什么要学会缝补？)”以及后文“As any eco expert will tell you, the best thing you can do is buy less to begin with.(正如任何一位生态专家都会告诉你的那样，你能做的最好的事情就是开始时少买)”可知，本句回答上文为什么要学会缝补的问题，结合后文提到少买，可知缝补可以避免太多消费。故C选项“缝补是拒绝消费主义的好方法”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据上文“It’s also helpful to customize (改制) secondhand items which might not be exactly the right size or a little out of date.(定制尺寸不合适或有点过时的二手物品也很有帮助)”可知，上文提到了修改尺寸或二手物品，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明这么做的好处。故E选项“这样，你可能会发现自己把旧衣服升级成适合自己的衣服”符合语境，故选E。 5．根据上文“The other aspect of mending is mindfulness.(修补的另一个方面是正念)”以及后文“It’s meditative (冥想的), slow work. It’s productive, and deeply satisfying.(这是一项沉思的、缓慢的工作。这是富有成效的，而且非常令人满意)”可知，本句承接上文，具体说明修补可以产生正念的具体内涵，故G选项“你专注于手头的工作，用你的创造力让你的衣服与众不同”符合语境，故选G。 Passage 7 （24-25高二上·甘肃兰州市·期中） Making decisions when shopping is often a tough call. Even if you're satisfied with the first dress you try on, would you go on looking for alternatives, comparing styles and prices ,until dropped dead? Psychology researchers have studied how people make decisions and concluded there are two basic styles. " Maximizers" like to take their time and weigh a wide range of choices, sometimes every possible one —before  choosing." Satisficers" would rather be fast than thorough 1 So even if they see what would seem to meet their requirements, they can't make a decision until after they've examined every option to make sure that they're making the best possible choice. Researchers followed 548 job-seeking college seniors at 11 schools from October through their graduation in June. They found that the maximizers landed better jobs. 2 "The maximizers is kicking himself because he can't examine every choice and at some point had to just pick something, " they say." Maximizers make best decisions and end up feeling bad about hem. 3 " Satisficers also have high standards, but they are happier than maximizers. Maximizers tend to be more depressed and to report a lower satisfaction with life, his research found. Faced with so many choices in our lives, we need to learn how not to waste time and energy on our decision- making. 4 For instance, if you're picking a restaurant for lunch meeting, first deciding on a certain part of town or type of cuisine can narrow your choices. Once you've arrived at a decision,stick with it. 5 To limit the number of choices you can set a time for decision-making. Say you are buying a new bag, you could spend an amount of time studying features, price and value but if you give yourself only five minutes to make a decision,and there are only bags you can consider, you'll save time.You'll be happier with your decision, too. A．Firstly, decrease your range of choices. B．Maximizers are people who want the best. C．Just accept no decision is ever completely perfect. D．Comparing is often a must when you make a decision. E．Satisficers make good decisions and end up feeling good. F．The other is to make decisions more accurately at the beginning. G．Their starting salaries were 20 percent higher but they felt worse about their jobs. 【答案】1．B 2．G 3．E 4．A 5．C 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。购物时做决定通常是一个艰难的决定。文章介绍了购物的两类人" Maximizers" 和" Satisficers" 。 1．此空位于段落首句。需关注上一段内容和本段下文。上一段将做决定的人分为两类，" Maximizers" 和" Satisficers" 。根据本段后一句的they，说明所填句子必须包含某类人群，符合的选项有B/E；再根据后一句中的making the best possible choice.可知与B项中的 want the best.语义相符。故选B。 2．此空是段尾空。需关注本段上文和下一段内容。根据重点名词一致原则，前一句重点提到jobs，选项中名词一致的只有G（salaries， jobs）且选项中代词their指代前一句中的Maximizers，下一段开头也在探讨Maximizers。故选G。 3．此空是段尾空。需关注本段上文和下一段内容，可知两段在进行Maximizers和 Satisficers的对比；且根据空前一句：Maximizers做出最佳选择，但不开心；以及下一段段首句：Satisficers也有高标准，但比Maximizers更开心，应选择E——Satisficers做出好的选择，并且最终感觉很好。故选E。 4．段首空，需关注上一段内容和本段下文。上一段说我们在面对选择时，如何避免浪费时间精力，因此此处需要具体做法，A/C是祈使句，再根据下文For instance,可知本段为总分结构，且该句中的narrow your choices.与A中的decrease your range of choices.语义一致。故选A。 5．此空位于段中，需关注本段上下文。前一句“一旦做出决定，就要坚持不变”；后一句“为了限制选项数目，可以设定一个抉择的时间”。Say所在句为举例，but之后是重点，强调在限定的时间内迅速做出选择，而非最合适或最完美的选择。故选C。 【点睛】做七选五阅读题时，有部分题出现在每一段的开始位置，若问题在段首 1.通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。 2.与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找 相关特征词。一般来说正确答案与它后面的一句话的在意思上是衔接的，所以通常情况下，这两句话中会 有某种的衔接手段。3.段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找到启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。本题第4小题，段首空，选关注上一段内容和本段下文。上一段说我们在面对选择时，如何避免浪费时间精力，因此此处需要具体做法，A/C是祈使句，再根据下文For instance,可知本段为总分结构，且该句中的narrow your choices.与A中的decrease your range of choices.语义一致。故选A。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 七选五 主题01 人与社会—— 社会生活与文化 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·甘肃省兰州市·期中） It is comforting to tell yourself that self-control simply isn’t your strong point when your New Year’s resolutions (决心) start to fall apart. But, according to a scientific research, willpower is not a talent that few lucky people are born with. 1 . Everybody can learn to use their willpower more effectively. Here are a few ways to increase your chances. Know yourself 2 , we should identify our willpower. Some people tend to be interested in their own thoughts and ideas, so it is easier for them to get motivated by an inner vision than some others who get fired up by social approval. Whether to schedule time to reflect on your progress such as keeping a diary or sign up for a group where everyone has a common goal, it all depends. Make a plan A study found that 91% of participants who wrote down a plan of when and where to exercise successfully met their goals. Planning is important because the brain builds a frame. 3 . Our brains are lazy and like to conserve energy, so regular reminders and visual clues can be helpful. Find your motivation It seems we all hold some willpower back in reserve. Participants suddenly discovered extra self-control to do a task after they were told they would be paid for their effort, or that their effort would benefit others. 4 . Don’t be discouraged Be kind to yourself. Don’t blame yourself. Reward yourself for effort, not results. 5 . Negative moods are the enemy of willpower, and self-blame is the main cause. A．It is a skill to be practiced B．When faced with taking action on your goal C．To increase chances of sticking to resolutions D．It also likes accepting orders and the felling of being in control E．Intentions are most effective when you work on only one goal at a time F．So knowing your “why” can help you get out of bed for a cold morning run G．If you’re feeling negative and self-critical, that actually reduces your willpower Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·青海省西宁市·期中） When did we start walking for leisure? “Going for a walk” is a popular pastime among older and younger generations alike because of its well-known benefits for our physical and mental health. But you may be surprised to hear that wandering through pretty streets or hiking in mountainous have not always been considered leisure activities, according to Daniel Gale, a researcher of pedestrianism (步行运动). 1 Before that, it was just something people did out of necessity, some of whom even associated it with criminal activity. But for Charles Dickens, the famous English 19th Century author, marching through London streets and tramping around the countryside was a big part of the creative process. 2 He walked at an impressive pace of four miles per hour, according to his biography by Peter Ackroyd. 3 Perhaps you can take inspiration from another big-thinking wanderer. 19th Century American writer Henry David Thoreau took a slower approach, preferring to stroll over hills and fields and through the woods. He said that he could not preserve his health and spirits without walking at least four hours a day. This idea of taking a stroll to clear your head has survived through to the 21st Century. But have pedestrian manners remained the same? A 1780 article for the London Magazine advised pedestrians to avoid things such as hanging around in conversation and obstructing people behind you. 4 In this modern age, when many of us are tied to our desks and to our screens, try the simple act of stepping out onto the city pavements, or getting lost in nature. 5 Whether you see yourself more as a casual stroller or a purposeful strider (阔步者), why not build a habit out of it? A．What if speed-walking isn’t your thing? B．This may make all the difference to our wellbeing. C．Nowadays, we could add distracted phone-users. D．He brought the recreation of walking into fashion. E．Going on an urban walk is much more pleasant now. F．It was a time to absorb what was going on around him. G．In Britain, walking for fun wasn’t really a thing until the 1780s. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二上·陕西省西安市·期中） Much meaning can be conveyed clearly with our eyes, so it is often said that eyes can speak. 1 In a bus you may look at a stranger but not far too long. And if he sensed that you are staring at him, he may feel uncomfortable. The same is true in our daily life. If you are stared at for more than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down to see if there is anything wrong with you. 2 Eyes do speak, right? Looking too long at someone may seem to be side and aggressive 3 If a man stares at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to look away from her, his intentions are obvious. He wishes to attract her attention, and let her know that he is admiring her. However, when two persons are engaged in a conversation, the speaker will only look into the listener’s eyes from time to time to make sure that the listener does pay attention to what the former is speaking. 4 If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking as if trying to control you, you will feel awkward. A poor liar usually exposes himself by looking too long at the victim. He wrongly believes that looking straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication. 5 Actually, eye contact should be made based on specific relationship and situation. A．On the contrary, it will give him away. B．Do you have such a kind of experience? C．That’s what normal eye contact is all about. D．Actually, continuous eye contact is limited to lovers only. E．After all, everybody likes to be stared at for quite a long time. F．But things are different when it comes to staring at the opposite sex. G．If nothing goes wrong, you will feel annoyed at being stared at that way. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二上·陕西省咸阳市·期中） How to Improve Communication in the Workplace Communicating effectively with coworkers is key to having a positive experience at work. Are you trying to improve your communication skills as a manager? 1 . You should understand which method to use. Not every issue deserves its own meeting. When you have something to communicate, consider its importance, urgency, and pick the right channel (渠道) accordingly. Have a simple team reminder? A quick group message or email can get the point across. 2 ? A face-to-face meeting might be the better method. 3 . Meetings that happen regularly can give space for employees to bring up concerns they otherwise wouldn’t know when to bring up. If they aren’t ready, suggest setting up one-to-one meetings with your direct supervisor. Team meetings can also allow team members to share concerns more widely with others. You should make meetings efficient. Research shows that only 50 percent of time spent in meetings is considered a good use of time by attendees. Here are some best practices to make meetings efficient and effective: Try to avoid recycling agendas. Send out the agenda and other materials that will be discussed. 4 . You should create an open culture. Creating a trusting environment is key to good communication in a workplace. 5 . Though remote working has become increasingly common, people still need and want personal human interaction. Chat platforms can allow informal conversations that connect in-person and remote workers. A．Here are a few things to keep in mind B．Do you want a chance to attend meetings C．So people have the chance to preview them D．You should improve your communication skills E．Need you to learn or teach somebody how to use a tool F．You should schedule regular one-to-one and team meetings G．It’s a place where people feel comfortable voicing concerns and asking questions 主题02 人与自我—— 自我成长 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·山西省晋城市·期中） How to Be Hopeful About the Future It can be tough to believe that good things are coming your way when your hopes and dreams haven’t yet been realized. However, staying hopeful about your future can help you remain positive, even when things don’t go as planned. Here are some strategies to help you stay hopeful. Have a positive attitude 1 . “Positive energy leads positive experiences, and negative energy leads negative experiences,” says life coach Alionka Polanco. By keeping a positive attitude, you can attract great things, even if you’re unsure of what your future holds. Imagine what your future will look like You’re most likely to achieve something great if you can already imagine yourself in that situation. Every morning, you can take a few minutes to intentionally daydream about what your life will look like in 10 years. 2 . Once a week, try to imagine where you want your life to be by writing it down in a journal or talking about it with someone you care about. Connect with a life coach Sometimes it can be hard to determine what you want out of life when you might not be aware of where exactly you want your life to be in the next few years. A life coach can help guide you in the right direction. 3 . Working with a coach can help you stay hopeful about your future. Remove any negative thought about the present Your future won’t look great if you’re negative about the present. 4 . The quote “this too shall pass” comes to mind. Remove any shame about the present. Negative energy leads to negative experiences. 5 . A．Life never really goes as planned B．Maintaining a positive mindset is important C．This practice can create excitement and inspiration D．How you handle current problems affects your future E．They can help you figure out what you truly want out of life F．They should take actions in the direction of their ideal vision G．Therefore, by removing negative thoughts, you open doors for change Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·山西省太原市·期中） Making decisions is a complex skill. There are always things to consider and the consequences might not be obvious for weeks, months, or years. So you might feel too worried about your choices and experience a constant sense of indecision. 1 . Narrow the options Imagine yourself looking through a streaming platform. Should you watch this action comedy or that romantic drama? 2 ? The first step is to narrow your options. When you reduce your choices, you are more able to look deeply into them and find a better solution, be it for what show you will be watching next or what you are going to study. Take time but set a deadline 3 . When someone won’t give you time, they might be too interested in you making a bad choice. So, it’s important to defend your time to make a decision. On the other hand, some people will feel upset endlessly over a decision if not limited in some way. So if you know yourself to be the type to think and overthink, set a deadline for yourself. Talk things through A good rule for decisions is to try and talk things through with other people. 4 . After all, you don’t want to go to people who always discourage you or those who cheer blindly on every option. Remember that nothing is everlasting Something that keeps you indecisive is the feeling that whatever decision you make, it will apply forever! This mindset can make you afraid of making decisions. Remember you can always change your mind and go after something else. 5 . But usually it’s not impossible. So give yourself permission to change your mind later if what you chose doesn’t work out. A．Should you do your homework at once B．Sure, it can be difficult to change course C．Should you start with a show or just a movie D．Being pressured into a decision is often a red flag E．However, it’s important to find someone you can trust F．This will help you identify how you feel with a particular option G．Let’s explore a set of guidelines that help you simplify the process Passage 3 （24-25学年高二上·陕西省安康市·期中） Have you ever looked in your food-waste bin? 1 It’s predicted that families in the U.K. create more than six million tonnes of food waste each year. “Food waste” means food that could have been eaten but instead is thrown away. Apples, bananas, bread, potatoes and salad are the most common things that are binned. With food prices rising, it’s a good time to become a “food-waste warrior”. Not only will it save money, it is good for the environment. After all, growing, packaging and transporting food use a lot of Earth’s resources such as energy and water. 2 First, it’s a good idea to find out just how much food goes into your bin. Keep a diary and note down the foods that get thrown away most often — and why. Planning meals for the week with your family can save time and money. For example, meat from a Sunday roast could go into sandwiches on Monday. 3 Weigh out pasta or rice you need before you cook it, and before you fill your plate, check how hungry you are so you don’t end up leaving food because you’re too full. Your freezer (冰箱) is a good way to save food. You can freeze leftovers in a container for another day. 4 It’s hard to keep track of food that’s gone to the back of the freezer. You could mark a shelf an “Eat me first” area for anything that has been there for a while. Finally, use your senses. Some U.K. supermarkets have taken “best before” dates off fruit and vegetables. 5 Ask an adult to help. Don’t forget to update your diary to see how much change you can make. A．Cooking the correct portion size helps too. B．However, heat any leftovers thoroughly before eating. C．Potatoes, carrots and turnips however, last a long time if kept in a cool, dark place. D．Here are some simple tips that can help you and your family become food-waste warriors. E．It may sound unpleasant but in fact it gives you a clue as to how much food your family throws out. F．This is done in order to encourage people to use their noses and eyes to work out if something is actually still fine to eat. G．Fruit that looks a bit sad can be made into a juice for a Friday treat. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二上·山西省太原市·期中） Few people get excited about meetings. Meetings often become long-winded affairs where many people are not really contributing, and, sometimes, that happens because the people have no real reason to be there. Meetings can feel like a way to waste time. 1 . Let’s find out what makes for a good meeting agenda (议程) that will leave employees satisfied and ready to get to work. 2 Meetings can be unavoidable, but they can become useful tools rather than terrible experiences. One of the best ways to ensure this is to respect people’s time. Try to make meetings quick and focused. Note the key points and follow them 3 . Make sure that everyone has access to the plan and also keep watch to ensure that the conversations keep to the plan. If other people are trying to take the dialogue in another direction, don’t be afraid to stop them and to offer to discuss the other points another time. Keep a separate section for questions Questions and comments can be valuable if focused on the topic. However, a good tip is to offer a special section that focuses on members’ additional contributions. 4 . Take time before and after the meeting It’s necessary to communicate before the meeting. 5 . Some groups need to be reminded to participate, while others should be reminded to keep their comments short and to the point. After the meeting, examine what went right and offer positive observations. But also note what can be improved and where the problem lies. Work better to improve the situation the next time. A．Respect people’s time. B．Focus on the essentials. C．It’s important to keep the main points in writing. D．Set ground rules depending on your particular group. E．Instead, perform the tasks of a meeting through an email. F．However, when done correctly, they can also be powerful tools. G．For new questions, matters, and more, set time aside at the end. Passage 5 （24-25学年高二上·山西省吕梁市·期中） How to slow down Are you one of those people who just cannot sit still? If you are, you’re not alone. 1 . Here are three tips for you. Meditate (冥想) or sit still Spend five minutes focusing on your breathing. If five minutes feels too long, try two minutes! When you notice your mind wandering (开小差), return your attention to your breathing. If you’ve never been great at meditation, 2 .This brings your focus back to being present in the moment. 3 I love coffee and I appreciate my coffee so much. Instead of checking your phone or drinking your coffee or tea while doing something else, try to be present and truly experience drinking your favorite drink. Really taste it. 4 . Anytime you can add small moments of mindfulness into your day, you’re practicing slowing down. Practice gratitude Practicing gratitude is a great way to slow down and find more enjoyment in life. Not only does it help bring you back to the present moment, but it also changes your mindset in a positive way. The great thing about practicing gratitude is it’s something you can do anywhere, anytime. 5 . Sometimes they are big things, like your health. Sometimes they are small things, like a beautiful sunrise. A．Enjoy your coffee or tea. B．Notice and pay attention to the color, the smell and the taste. C．Check your phone or drink your coffee or tea. D．I’m learning how to slow down and enjoy life right now. E．try to just simply sit still and pay attention to the things you can see for a while. F．All you need to do is take a few minutes and think of a few things you’re grateful for. G．you can enjoy your great time and you can also do a favor for others. Passage 6 （24-25学年高二上·山西省太原市·期中） The use of spanking (打屁股) to punish children has greatly reduced. But yelling (大喊大叫)? 1 Yelling may be the most widespread parental stupidity around today. How many times in your parenting life have you said to yourself, after yelling at your kids, “Well, that was a good decision⋯”? Yelling doesn’t make you look authoritative (权威的). 2 It makes you look weak. And you’re yelling, let’s be honest, because you are weak. Yelling, even more than spanking, is the response of a person who doesn’t know what else to do. But most parents find it hard to imagine how to get through the day without yelling. The new research on yelling presents parents with two problems: What do I do instead? 3 Yelling to stop your kids from running into traffic is not what we’ re talking about here. 4 Yelling for correction is ineffective as a tool. We yell at our kids over the same stuff every day, and we yell at them some more because the original yelling doesn’t work. “Only knowing that yelling is bad, in itself, won’t help.” said Alan Kazdin, a professor at Yale. 5 “If the goal of the parent is catharsis (宣泄), I want to get this out of my system and show you how mad I am. Well, yelling is probably perfect.” Dr. Kazdin said. “If the goal here is to change something in the child or develop a positive habit in the child, yelling is not the way to do that. There are other strategies, and they don’t include yelling.” A．And how do I stop? B．But when should I stop doing that? C．We’ re talking about yelling as a form of correction. D．In fact, it makes you look out of control to your kids. E．Yelling is not a strategy; it’s a form of emotional expression. F．Yelling, obviously, does great harm to children than you imagine. G．Almost everybody still yells at their kids sometimes, even those who know it doesn’t work. 主题01 人与社会—— 社会文化与人际 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·山西省太原市·期中） Five Ways to Practice Ecotourism Ecotourism, at its heart, is about travelling mindfully, seeking a balance between exploration and conservation. Ready to give it a try? Your next adventure will be truly eco-friendly. Think local and spend local. Spend that vacation money on locally-owned businesses. 1 You will also get opportunities to make personal connections with the local people. 2 Waste is a global problem, not just a local one. Though it can be challenging to remember, try to bring a water bottle, a coffee cup and a shopping bag. It’s a small effort that makes a big difference in the global fight against waste. Find local and sustainable accommodations. Choose accommodations that are owned and operated by locals. 3 This supports both local economy and eco-friendly practices. Visit and contribute to local organizations. Look for activities run by organizations that focus on eco-friendly methods. Then, see how you can participate—booking a tour is a great option! For example: ·Walk at a conservation center to see animals, plants and birds. ·Visit national parks—they contribute to conservation efforts. · 4 Book directly. It’s convenient to book travel arrangements through travel sites. 5 Therefore, book directly with the local company when possible. When in doubt, follow these three ecotourism rules: conservation, communities and education. If your travel plans check these boxes, congrats! Your adventure as an ecotourist awaits. A．Bring your reusables. B．Respect natural habitats. C．This will benefit the local economy. D．But it might also mean locals can’t make as much money. E．Take a surfing class that supports beach clean-up projects. F．Ridesharing is a sustainable travel option whenever possible. G．Take it a step further by looking for hotels that care for the environment. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·陕西省榆林市·期中） It’s easy to let things slide in midlife. But our 40s to 60s is actually the best time to increase activity levels. Indeed, a study found that people aged 40 — 61, who increased their fitness routine with activities such as walking and cycling, to a few hours a week, were 16. To 43 per cent less likely to die from cancer and heart disease. Therefore, exercise is necessary for this group of people. 1 . ·Walk faster The best way to get fit is also the easiest: head out for a quick walk. 2 . “You’ll have more energy and be much less likely to need the doctor,” says Professor Tom Yates. ·Play racquet (球拍) sports 3 . People playing tennis or badminton for at least two and a half hours a week had a16 per cent lower risk of dying from any cause. 4 , including swimming, cycling and walking. The researchers say this is because racquets sports work all your body’s muscles at once and require good hand-eye coordination (协调) while running around the court strengthens your heart and lungs. · 5 We tend to forget about our balance until we lose it but research shows that practising balance skills improves our fitness, strengthens brain health and leads to a longer life. In a 12-year study of 1,702 people, the ability to stand for 10 seconds was associated with longevity and health. Or simply practise standing on one leg. If you can manage 10 seconds, your balance is good. A．Balance on one leg B．Keep a balanced diet C．Here are the tips for midlife fitness D．We ought to move more and sit less E．Tennis or badminton offers more health benefits than other sports F．Fast-paced walkers live longer and are less likely to get heart disease G．If you want to stay sharp and lively into old age, take up tennis or badminton Passage 3 （24-25学年高二上·山西省吕梁市·期中） Negative Effects of Social Media Social media is, arguably, one of the most exciting developments in recent history. It helps families and friends stay connected, offers a useful tool to look back on positive memories, and even helps those who are struggling find support among strangers. Despite so many benefits, it has negative effects that you need to be aware of. • Reduce Face-to-Face Interaction When you are on social media more often, not only do you spend less quality time with people who are physically present in your life, but they will quickly get annoyed when you’re mindlessly browsing social media websites instead of paying attention to them. 1 Even best friends may face similar situation at times. • Lead to depression According to recent studies, the more people use social media, the more negative feelings they experience, including depression. 2 It has been suggested that these negative feelings and depressive symptoms come from increased social comparisons and a lack of social interaction caused by spending more time on social media. • Distract From Life Goals 3 Social media allows an easy way out to distract us when we don’t feel like putting in the hard work, and we can end up going down a path where we simply don’t get things done because it becomes too easy to find a distraction. • 4 Social media is the easiest way to block the creative process. Surfing social media sites has a negative effect on the mind. Creativity often requires intense focus or a relatively clear, relaxed mind. Social media gets in the way of both. All in all, when used wisely, social media can be a great way to connect with others when face-to-face interactions are impossible. 5 A．Kill Creativity. B．Decrease sleep time. C．Achieving goals takes hard work and motivation. D．However, it also counts to avoid its negative effects. E．Also, it’s very clear that privacy and the Internet don’t mix well. F．This makes communication more complicated and causes misunderstanding. G．This could be particularly harmful to people suffering anxiety and depression. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二上·青海省西宁市·期中） Benefits of Sports Camps in Summer When you sign up for sports camps for your children, you may have the intention of helping them improve their skills. Although it is a goal in sports camps, there are deeper benefits of taking part in sports camps, 1 . Perseverance(坚持不懈) Sports camps focus on developing a sense of desire to continue to grow by setting reasonable (合理的) goals for children. 2 In this process,the quality of perseverance is developed. With perseverance, children can further overcome the difficulties of learning skills and discouragement from their inner heart. Problem-solving Abilities 3 . Whether children are on the field or court, they will face challenging problems they will need to solve for themselves and their team. By solving these problems, their abilities are improved. Self-confidence The best way for children to achieve self-confidence is to have positive coaches. With coaches who provide instructions in sports camps, children can apply their strengths and improve their weaknesses. 4 . When children achieve things, their confidence grows. Strategic Thinking Sports camps introduce different ways to carry out strategic thinking. For example, your children will learn how to shoot the ball perfectly and how to kick the ball at the exact force needed to pass it across the field or a short distance. 5 . Instead, they’re learned through trial and error(试错). By practising tricky skills, strategic thinking is encouraged. A．The life of summer camp is wonderful B．The following are four benefits for you to refer to C．Problem-solving doesn't only occur in the classroom D．That includes helping children develop problem-solving skills E．But these physical strategies cannot be taught with a paper and pencil F．Children can see the progress they make when they perform different skills G．Besides,coaches also provide a healthy amount of pressure for your children to perform well Passage 1 （24-25高二上·青海省西宁市·期中） The Rise of “China-chic” Over past years, guochao, or “China-chic" has been gaining popularity among Chinese consumers. Guochao conveys the cultural heritage and values of China. 1 “China-chic” is rising, but what is it? The idea of guochao was first borrowed from some international brands, and began to win over Chinese consumers in 2015. 2 In 2018, Chinese sportswear band Li-Ning presented its Wu Dao (the principles of Taoism) collection at the New York Fashion Week. It featured bright red color and Chinese characters. More brands have since followed, heralding (预示) the early period of guochao. 3 This was a period when applications of big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and 5G technology hit the market one after another. Domestic tech companies such as Huawei, Xiaomi, and DJI made headlines. In its third stage, guochao became more common in everyday life. Over the past decade, guochao has expanded from consumer goods to experiential products. As consumers are showing greater interest in cultural identity and creativity, productions like the TV program National Treasure, and the dance show Night Banquet in Tang Dynasty Palace combine cultural and historical elements with the latest audio-visual technologies. 4 Nowadays, guochao is moving to the next stage. No matter how the trend evolves, Chinese people’s positive attitude toward the country’s development and their growing confidence in national culture won’t change. 5 Seen from a broader perspective, guochao mirrors the rise of China, a country eager to make its presence felt globally. Guochao is a style, but more importantly, it conveys culture and values. A．The trend grew in the following years. B．They give the viewers a totally new experience. C．The next stage saw the rise of China’s native fashion trends. D．It also expresses national pride and confidence. E．The second period of guochao mainly features hi-tech sectors. F．Its success will rely mostly on gaining cultural confidence. G．The concept of “Made in China” was recognized as the representation of Chinese culture. 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·山西省太原市·期中） It’s the start of the new school year, and most college students now know what’s expected for their classes. But one rule troubles some students — the laptop rule, which limits or stops the use of laptops for note-taking in class. How students take notes, whether typing on a laptop or writing by hand, is a topic of debate among students. 1 , and they prefer to use their laptops. However, I personally support the laptop rule. 2 . Psychologists Pam Mueller and Daniel Oppenheimer have found that taking notes on laptops is less effective than taking notes by hand. Compared to typing on a keyboard, writing by hand increases our memory, and makes for better understanding in our brains and better understanding when our brains read our handwritten notes again for test preparation. Plus, laptops are also distracting (令人分心的). 3 . In many classes, I’ve seen students using laptops to go on social media, play games, or read news. The back-and-forth between taking notes and looking at Twitter on bright computer screens nearby steals my attention away from the lecture, which is not fair to me. There are some situations where laptops are allowed. Students with learning or physical disabilities should have the choice to use their laptops to take notes. It might be easier for them to take notes on a keyboard. 4 , they should not be given the same choice. During class time, students should focus on their teacher and the lesson. 5 , it’s best to take notes with pen and paper. A．Since students who use laptops take more notes B．If they want to learn something from a class or lecture C．However, since most students don’t have such problems D．Using a laptop influences others, not just the person using it E．Some students say they have the right to choose how to take notes F．It is a popular belief that taking notes on a laptop is quick and easy G．If learning is students’ goal, using a laptop during class is a terrible idea Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·山西省太原市·期中） Research has shown that loneliness is a major threat to longevity (长寿). People who are lonely or socially isolated (孤立的) have a higher risk of damaged immune function and depression. On the other side, healthy friendships can help us cope with stress and live happier, longer lives. 1 A Harvard study found that when a person gets happy, their friends living within one mile have a 25% higher chance of feeling happier too. Here are tips from relationship experts for making and deepening friendships. Be active 2 And if they do, they might not be sustainable. A study found that the belief that friendships were based on external or uncontrollable factors — luck, basically — predicted greater loneliness five years later. Be optimistic Researchers found that receivers of an unexpected communication, such as a short note or a small gift, appreciated the gesture a lot more than the sender thought they would. 3 But not just in the obvious way. We often underestimate how much people like us. If we assume we’re going to be liked, we become more likable — warmer, friendlier and more open. Make a list Write down the names of several people you know but would like to be closer to. Then reach out to each of them: Send a text message or an invitation to meet for a coffee. 4 Practice 5 Social skills are like muscles — we can work them. In a 2022 study, participants were required to talk to strangers every day for a week. By the end, people were less worried about being rejected and more confident they could keep the conversation going. A．Friendships don’t just happen. B．Plus, happiness spreads easily. C．Friends can’t come to you in all the ways you need. D．See if this small gesture might contribute to a deeper connection. E．In contemporary society, many of us forget how to socialize. F．Not surprisingly, a positive attitude can help us make friends. G．Repeated activities come with a built-in get-to-know-you schedule. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二上·山西省吕梁市·期中） When we are kids, we laugh a lot. But as we become adults, it is much more difficult to laugh so easily. Do you laugh too little in your life? Do you remember how you used to laugh before, as a child? 1 . It’s a great way to relax, not just on a purely emotional level, but also physically. It can reduce our blood pressure. It also contributes to the release of hormones (荷尔蒙) that are good for our health. 2 . It helps us feel more at ease around new people and also connects us with others. Sometimes, you might feel like there is not much cause to laugh. Life can be tough. But laughter is, if not the best medicine, a good support to have for tough times and for good times as well. So you should allow yourself to laugh as you used to. A good idea is to give yourself permission to play. Play is a natural activity that promotes a lot of laughter, whether it's through video games, outdoor games, or board games. 3 . Laughter comes from being with others. 4 . Hang out with family members that are nice to be around, with whom you can have fun, laugh, and enjoy yourself. Give your time to those who can share your laughter. More than anything, learn to develop humor. 5 . Laugh at your mistakes and learn to laugh at yourself. Then you will be surprised by the changes you will see in your life. A．You don’t have to be mean B．Laughter has a lot of benefits C．Don’t take yourself too seriously D．Try to see your friends more often E．Watch videos to help you correct your mistakes F．In addition to these, laughing has a social function G．Just discover what you like to play and have fun with it Passage 4 （24-25学年高二上·山西省长治市·期中） Overcoming Procrastination: Strategies for Taking Action Procrastination (拖延症) is like a thief, stealing time and opportunities from us. 1 , often accompanied by the pain of last-minute stress. But fear not, for there are ways to conquer this common challenge .● Identify the Causes The first step in overcoming procrastination is understanding why you do it. Is it fear of failure, perfectionism, or simply a lack of interest in the task? 2 , you can address it directly. For example, if perfectionism is to blame, remind yourself that done is better than perfect. ● Break Tasks into Smaller Parts Large tasks can seem challenging, leading us to procrastinate. 3 This not only makes the task seem less demanding but also provides a series of quick wins that raise motivation. By celebrating these mini-victories, you can transform a huge task into a series of manageable challenges. ● Set Specific Goals and Deadlines 4 . Instead, set specific, achievable goals with clear deadlines. For instance, instead of saying “I need to start a project,” say “I will complete the project outline by Friday.” Having a clear deadline can create a sense of urgency that drives you into action. ● Create a Supportive Environment Your environment can significantly influence your productivity. Remove distractions by creating a supportive workspace. This could mean tidying up your desk, turning off notifications, or using noise-cancelling headphones. 5 By applying on these strategies, you can create a comprehensive plan to fight procrastination. With persistence and practice, you can transform your relationship with time and achieve your goals with greater efficiency and less stress. A．If you really lack interest B．Cut them into more effortless bits C．Once you’ve identified the root cause D．It’s the art of postponing tasks to later E．A clean and organized space aids focused work F．General goals are an invitation to procrastinate G．Specific goals enhance focus and boost achievement Passage 5 （24-25高二上·陕西省西安市·期中） When gardeners grow varieties of plants in their beautiful gardens, they are happy to see beneficial insects like bees and butterflies surrounding the flowers. But as they take a closer look, they may find some plants are covered in black dots and filled with harmful insects or pests. Some gardeners may immediately reach for chemicals. 1 Although it may stop the insect problem, it will also threaten bees and butterflies which help the plants reproduce. If you are wise gardeners, you should first take preventive measures to control the harmful insects. 2 Only when there are too many harmful insects, should pest control be considered. The first defense should always be the safest method available. Prevention As a rule, prevention is the best treatment. Inspect plants closely, including their leaves, before buying them from the store. 3 When planting, space plants out to permit them to grow to their full size. Plants too close together can breed harmful organisms, like bacteria. 4 They invite pests if permitted to remain on the ground. When you do see pests, wash them away. Use rubbing alcohol to remove some insects, or pick them off the plants. Pesticides If you decide a pesticide is necessary, choose it carefully and follow the directions and warnings on the product. Avoid using pesticides in extreme heat, on windy days, or when the plants are wet. 5 At the time, beneficial insects are inactive. You can consider removing flowers from the plants to lessen the risk that beneficial insects will come in contact with the pesticides. A．But this is not wise. B．In most cases, chemicals don’t help. C．Treat the plants early in the morning or at night. D．Also do remember the plants need nutrition and care. E．Keep your garden free of fallen leaves, fruits and other wastes. F．Do not bring any plants home that show signs of disease or pests. G．The process starts with the idea that having some pests is acceptable. Passage 6 （24-25高二上·陕西省西安市·期中） Once upon a time, sewing and mending clothes was common. 1 Why have people stopped mending their clothing? Schools stopped offering home economics classes, technology boomed and fast fashion became increasingly popular. All of a sudden, it’s more inconvenient to fix something than it is to buy something new. 2 In the past few years, it seems there’s been growing interest in slow fashion—not only saving, but also sewing and mending. On one of the most pleasant corners of the internet, you’ll find lots of videos showcasing everything from visible mending to beginner sewing journeys. Why should you learn to mend? 3 As any eco expert will tell you, the best thing you can do is buy less to begin with. That means shopping for quality items that will stand the test of time, but also learning a few key skills so you can repair those items as needed rather than sentencing them to life in an already-overflowing landfill. It’s also helpful to customize (改制) secondhand items which might not be exactly the right size or a little out of date. 4 Beyond the functional benefits, mending is about using what you have, embracing imperfections, fixing what’s broken, and rejecting the idea that new er is better. The other aspect of mending is mindfulness. 5 It’s meditative (冥想的), slow work. It’s productive, and deeply satisfying. And an added bonus: It’s sustainable. If you are interested in sewing and mending, it is the perfect time to learn the new skill. which can especially have a positive impact on the world. A．But all hope is not lost. B．Because it is a means of making a living. C．Mending is a great way to reject consumerism. D．Buying secondhand goods makes it possible to be sustainable. E．This way, you may find yourself upcycling pieces into ones that suit you. F．At some point in the last few decades, though, it became something of a lost art. G．You focus on the task at hand and use your creativity to make your clothes unique. Passage 7 （24-25高二上·甘肃兰州市·期中） Making decisions when shopping is often a tough call. Even if you're satisfied with the first dress you try on, would you go on looking for alternatives, comparing styles and prices ,until dropped dead? Psychology researchers have studied how people make decisions and concluded there are two basic styles. " Maximizers" like to take their time and weigh a wide range of choices, sometimes every possible one —before  choosing." Satisficers" would rather be fast than thorough 1 So even if they see what would seem to meet their requirements, they can't make a decision until after they've examined every option to make sure that they're making the best possible choice. Researchers followed 548 job-seeking college seniors at 11 schools from October through their graduation in June. They found that the maximizers landed better jobs. 2 "The maximizers is kicking himself because he can't examine every choice and at some point had to just pick something, " they say." Maximizers make best decisions and end up feeling bad about hem. 3 " Satisficers also have high standards, but they are happier than maximizers. Maximizers tend to be more depressed and to report a lower satisfaction with life, his research found. Faced with so many choices in our lives, we need to learn how not to waste time and energy on our decision- making. 4 For instance, if you're picking a restaurant for lunch meeting, first deciding on a certain part of town or type of cuisine can narrow your choices. Once you've arrived at a decision,stick with it. 5 To limit the number of choices you can set a time for decision-making. Say you are buying a new bag, you could spend an amount of time studying features, price and value but if you give yourself only five minutes to make a decision,and there are only bags you can consider, you'll save time.You'll be happier with your decision, too. A．Firstly, decrease your range of choices. B．Maximizers are people who want the best. C．Just accept no decision is ever completely perfect. D．Comparing is often a must when you make a decision. E．Satisficers make good decisions and end up feeling good. F．The other is to make decisions more accurately at the beginning. G．Their starting salaries were 20 percent higher but they felt worse about their jobs. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $