专题03 单元语法之宾语与表语从句复习（期中复习讲义） 高二英语上学期上海通用

专题03 单元语法之宾语/表语从句复习（期中复习讲义） 考点要求 考察形式 近年考题 （1）考查引导词选择：that / whether / what / how / why； （2）考查it 作形式主语/宾语：It is…that…、find/feel it+adj.+that… 等固定结构； （3）特殊先行词：抽象地点（situation, point, case 等）后接 where；way 后接 that/in which/省略；时间名词后选 when；the same…as/such…as 结构 （4）在具体语境中尤其句子翻译对名词性从句从句理解和运用。 语法填空题 句子翻译题 【2023上海秋考】King Mosi continued , “Just as you cannot tell me the number of seeds in the baobab fruit ,you cannot prove ( 25 )__________this land belongs to. His story is a reminder of ( 29 )_______wisdom can bring( 30 )_______ peace and harmony. 【答案】 25.who/whom 29.how 【2023上海春考】Young Enterprise makes (28)__________ a rule that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations. 【答案】 28. it 【2022年秋考】An entrepreneur can determine (26) __________ other businesses in the area are doing and how they succeed by conducting a competitive analysis. 【答案】26.what 【2022年春考】People travel thousands of kilometers to see the aurora , and they can never be sure ( 29)_______it will happen .But (30)_______do see it say that they will never forget it. 【答案】29.that 30.whoever 考情分析： · 题型：语法填空 1-2 空；翻译题中也会嵌入名词性从句。 · 高频角度： ① what 引导的主语从句（2022 翻译题 What … conveys is that …）； ② 抽象名词后同位语从句 that 不省； ③ it 作形式主语/宾语结构复现。 复习目标： 1.识别从句类型（主/宾/表/同位语）搞定引导词； 2.it 作形式主语/宾语：It is said/reported… that… ; find/feel it + adj. + that…。 3.同位语从句：抽象名词 fact, idea, news, promise 等后接 that/whether，常出现“先行词与从句被其他成分隔开”的间隔式结构； 4.wh-ever 与 no matter wh- 的从句类型区分：wh-ever 可引导名词性从句或让步状语从句，no matter wh- 只能引导让步状语从句 。 名词性从句复习 知识点01 宾语从句 1．宾语从句的引导词 连接词 that，whether，if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when，where，how，why 在从句中作状语 She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library，and I admitted that I hadn't. 她问我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。 Our teacher always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。 (1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略；②宾语从句前有插入语时；③that引导的从句位于句首时。 (2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh­类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句，连接词表示“是否”时，只用whether，不用if。 2．形式宾语 宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后，但是，在下列情况下，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(常为不定式/从句)后置。 (1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/从句 (2)动词hate/ like/ dislike/ appreciate/enjoy＋it＋从句 (3)短语动词see to/ depend on/rely on＋it＋从句 (4)固定搭配take it for granted that/owe it to sb.that＋从句 No matter where he is，he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. 无论他在哪里，他都定了一个规矩——早餐前散步。 I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent. 你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。 I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。 3．宾语从句的时态 一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即当主句是一般现在时时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；当主句为过去的某种时态时，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。 知识点02 表语从句 1．表语从句的引导词 连接词 that，whether 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when，where，how，why 在从句中作状语 The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended. 对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。 This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up. 这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。 易错警示 if不能引导表语从句；that引导表语从句时不能省略。 2．as if/as though引导表语从句 as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel，smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。 The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it. 厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面。 3．其他常考的表语从句 (1)This/ That/ It is why＋表语从句(表结果)“这/那就是……的原因” (2)This/ That/ It is because＋表语从句(表原因)“这/那是因为……” (3)The reason why...is that＋表语从句“……的原因是……” From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy­one percent of its surface is covered by water. 从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。 注意：主句主语是reason时，表语从句一般由that引导，而不用because或why。 The accident that happened yesterday was because the driver had been drunk. The reason for yesterday’s accident is that the driver was drunk. 【即时检测】 一、单项选择 1．I know Jonathan quite well and never doubt ________ he can do a good job of it. A．whether B．when C．that D．how 2．The headmaster made it clear ________ the school would not tolerate any form of cheating. A．what B．whether C．that D．how 3．Make sure that ________ for the accident learns a good lesson. A．whoever to be blamed B．no matter who is to blame C．anyone who is to blame D．those who are to be blamed 4．The keynote speaker emphasized ________ the approach adopted by their institution had significantly accelerated the pace of scientific discovery. A．that B．whether C．why D．what 5．You should first explore your talents and get to know yourself so as to make a list of ______ you think your real interests lie. A．where B．what C．that D．how 6．The place at which the bridge is supposed to be built should be ____________ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. A．which B．where C．that D．on which 7．The budget for the project ended up being twice ______, causing unexpected financial strain on the company. A．how it intended to B．that it had intended to C．as it intended to D．what it was intended to 8．The reason ______ she gave for her resignation was ______ she wanted to pursue her passion for travel and exploration. A．that, that B．why, that C．why, because D．/, because 9．He spends a lot of time on Tik Tok. That’s ______ his sight get worse and worse. A．because B．why C．how D．what 10．It was widely confirmed by scientists that that was exactly ________ global greenhouse gas emission needs to be addressed as soon as possible. A．why B．how C．when D．whether 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单选 1．What made the school proud was ________ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A．because B．why C．whether D．that 2．The detective didn’t discover until he accidentally entered the small cabin ______ someone had tried to destroy the evidence. A．which B．where C．that D．when 3．They didn’t discover until they happened to enter the back room ___________ someone had stolen the painting. A．which B．when C．where D．that 4．Although I have been working here for ten years, I still remember ________ it was like to be a trainee. A．how B．what C．when D．that 5．The New York Stock Exchange is no longer the general public thinks it is. A．which B．as C．where D．what 二、语法填空 16．She’s driven to a forested area near she was found. (用适当的词填空) 17．The only thing that kept those successful people going was that they loved they did. (用适当的词填空) 18．The chairman of the union made it clear at the meeting he would not step down from his position as chairman. (用适当的词填空) 19．Most of us are well aware good technology can help companies achieve competitive advantage and long-term financial success. （用适当的词填空） 20．The 4G cell-phone must be of great use to wants to get the information through the Internet quickly. 21．Now, the world’s focus is all on it is that the global economy will come back to normal. 22．Our bad living habits will destroy the earth. Only by changing we live can we save the earth. 23．Life is like a cup, and it’s up to you to decide it’s a drinking cup or a toothbrush cup. 24．What he really means is he disagrees with us. (用适当的词填空) 25．Ten percent of life is what happens to you and ninety percent is you respond to it. (用适当的词填空) 26．What worries the patient is the medical treatment might have side effects on his digestive system. (用适当的词填空) 27．What I want to know is you plan to dress in to attend the Christmas party. （用适当的词填空） 28．Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s the best jobs are. (用适当的词填空) 29．I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is he never finishes anything. (用适当的词填空) 30．However dark the road ahead is, always keep your head up to the sky because that’s your dreams lie.（用适当的词填空） 31．Richard swims three times a week after work.This is he keeps fit. （用适当的词填空） 32．One of the main reasons for this is teachers work too hard but get too little.（用适当的词填空） 33．The shocking news made me realize terrible problems we would face. 34．Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please? 35．I doubt the player will set a world record or not. 三、翻译 36．尽管这个科学家没有把实验的失败怪在她身上，但大家都意识到性别歧视导致了这一切。（Despite）(汉译英) 37．多亏了可靠的资源，这信息才有可能为大众所用，这意味着语言塑造了我们的思维方式。（available）(汉译英) 38．为确保他们的本土文化保持完好无损，长辈们建议年轻一代遵循传统仪式的固定模式。(sound) (汉译英) 39．她认为通过不断学习新技能，就能够应对工作中的复杂任务，从而更好地实现职业发展。（attain）（汉译英） 40．被称作购物者天堂是这座旅游城市的吸引力之一。(refer) (汉译英) 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 1．让科学家们忧心忡忡的是可再生能源虽被看好，但开发和运用速度尚未跟上需求。（concern）（汉译英） 2．令她忧心忡忡的是，不久后她将独面世事，再无家荫庇护。（before）（汉译英） 3．这个游戏的独特之处在于它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题。 （what）（汉译英） 4．评委们为他的成绩鼓掌，不是因为他解题耗时最短，而是他的方法精妙绝伦。(reason) (汉译英) 5．研究人员得出结论这种疾病源自病人不良的饮食习惯。(originate) (汉译英) 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1．The scientist suggested we need to establish a committee of experts as soon as possible to preserve the cultural heritage and prevent it from being harmed. (用适当的词填空) 2．My dad read a brochure about holidaying in the countryside, so he decided to call and see we could book a farmhouse. (用适当的词填空) 3．Learn as much as possible so that you can judge is right from what is wrong. （用适当的词填空） 4．We can watch some movies and study people communicate. It can improve our English. (用适当的词填空) 5．An increasing number of individuals are wondering has invested several million yuan into the research and protection of human dialects. (用适当的词填空) 6．What took the dog a single weekend to learn is it can sit on the back of the bike in a dog carrier to travel the world. （用适当的词填空） 7．What I love best about Sichuan hot pots is they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends. (用适当的词填空) 8．You should send handwritten letters. It is these letters have surprising benefits for helping your health and enriching your relationships. （用适当的词填空） 9．When George got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as he could “see” the beauty of the world around him. （用适当的词填空） 10．About seventy-one percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water. That’s it looks blue from space. (用适当的词填空) 链接高考（测试时间：15分钟） 【2023上海秋考】King Mosi continued , “Just as you cannot tell me the number of seeds in the baobab fruit ,you cannot prove ( 25 )__________this land belongs to. His story is a reminder of ( 29 )_______wisdom can bring( 30 )_______ peace and harmony. 【2023上海春考】(25)__________counts for Advisers is an ability to get on with young people and to put across the subject. Young Enterprise makes (28)__________ a rule that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations. 【2022年秋考】An entrepreneur can determine (26) __________ other businesses in the area are doing and how they succeed by conducting a competitive analysis. 【2022年春考】People travel thousands of kilometers to see the aurora , and they can never be sure ( 29)_______it will happen .But (30)_______do see it say that they will never forget it. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 单元语法之宾语/表语从句复习（期中复习讲义） 考点要求 考察形式 近年考题 （1）考查引导词选择：that / whether / what / how / why； （2）考查it 作形式主语/宾语：It is…that…、find/feel it+adj.+that… 等固定结构； （3）特殊先行词：抽象地点（situation, point, case 等）后接 where；way 后接 that/in which/省略；时间名词后选 when；the same…as/such…as 结构 （4）在具体语境中尤其句子翻译对名词性从句从句理解和运用。 语法填空题 句子翻译题 【2023上海秋考】King Mosi continued , “Just as you cannot tell me the number of seeds in the baobab fruit ,you cannot prove ( 25 )__________this land belongs to. His story is a reminder of ( 29 )_______wisdom can bring( 30 )_______ peace and harmony. 【答案】 25.who/whom 29.how 【2023上海春考】Young Enterprise makes (28)__________ a rule that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations. 【答案】 28. it 【2022年秋考】An entrepreneur can determine (26) __________ other businesses in the area are doing and how they succeed by conducting a competitive analysis. 【答案】26.what 【2022年春考】People travel thousands of kilometers to see the aurora , and they can never be sure ( 29)_______it will happen .But (30)_______do see it say that they will never forget it. 【答案】29.that 30.whoever 考情分析： · 题型：语法填空 1-2 空；翻译题中也会嵌入名词性从句。 · 高频角度： ① what 引导的主语从句（2022 翻译题 What … conveys is that …）； ② 抽象名词后同位语从句 that 不省； ③ it 作形式主语/宾语结构复现。 复习目标： 1.识别从句类型（主/宾/表/同位语）搞定引导词； 2.it 作形式主语/宾语：It is said/reported… that… ; find/feel it + adj. + that…。 3.同位语从句：抽象名词 fact, idea, news, promise 等后接 that/whether，常出现“先行词与从句被其他成分隔开”的间隔式结构； 4.wh-ever 与 no matter wh- 的从句类型区分：wh-ever 可引导名词性从句或让步状语从句，no matter wh- 只能引导让步状语从句 。 名词性从句复习 知识点01 宾语从句 1．宾语从句的引导词 连接词 that，whether，if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when，where，how，why 在从句中作状语 She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library，and I admitted that I hadn't. 她问我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。 Our teacher always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。 易错警示 (1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略；②宾语从句前有插入语时；③that引导的从句位于句首时。 (2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh­类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句，连接词表示“是否”时，只用whether，不用if。 2．形式宾语 宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后，但是，在下列情况下，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(常为不定式/从句)后置。 (1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/从句 (2)动词hate/ like/ dislike/ appreciate/enjoy＋it＋从句 (3)短语动词see to/ depend on/rely on＋it＋从句 (4)固定搭配take it for granted that/owe it to sb.that＋从句 No matter where he is，he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. 无论他在哪里，他都定了一个规矩——早餐前散步。 I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent. 你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。 I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。 3．宾语从句的时态 一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即当主句是一般现在时时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；当主句为过去的某种时态时，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。 知识点02 表语从句 1．表语从句的引导词 连接词 that，whether 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分 连接代词 what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when，where，how，why 在从句中作状语 The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended. 对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。 This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up. 这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。 易错警示 if不能引导表语从句；that引导表语从句时不能省略。 2．as if/as though引导表语从句 as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel，smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。 The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it. 厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面。 3．其他常考的表语从句 (1)This/ That/ It is why＋表语从句(表结果)“这/那就是……的原因” (2)This/ That/ It is because＋表语从句(表原因)“这/那是因为……” (3)The reason why...is that＋表语从句“……的原因是……” From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy­one percent of its surface is covered by water. 从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。 注意：主句主语是reason时，表语从句一般由that引导，而不用because或why。 The accident that happened yesterday was because the driver had been drunk. The reason for yesterday’s accident is that the driver was drunk. 【即时检测】 一、单项选择 1．I know Jonathan quite well and never doubt ________ he can do a good job of it. A．whether B．when C．that D．how 【答案】C 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我很了解乔纳森，并且从不怀疑他能把这件事做好。A. whether是否；B. when当……时；C. that(无意义)；D. how如何。根据前文never doubt可知，需用that引导肯定性宾语从句，以表达不怀疑的具体内容（即“他能做好”）。故选C。 2．The headmaster made it clear ________ the school would not tolerate any form of cheating. A．what B．whether C．that D．how 【答案】C 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：校长明确表示，学校不会容忍任何形式的作弊行为。该句为固定句型“make it +宾语补足语+ 宾语从句”，其中“it”是形式宾语，代替后面真正的宾语从句，从句内部主谓宾结构完整，不缺少核心成分，也无需表达疑问或指代意义，因此需用无实义、仅起连接作用的连接词that引导。故选C项。 3．Make sure that ________ for the accident learns a good lesson. A．whoever to be blamed B．no matter who is to blame C．anyone who is to blame D．those who are to be blamed 【答案】C 【详解】考查宾语从句和定语从句。句意：确保所有对这起事故负有责任的人都能吸取深刻的教训。分析句子可知，空格处需要填入一个能作主语的成分（从句或名词短语），在that引导的宾语从句中作主语，且谓语动词“learns”为第三人称单数，说明主语是单数概念。“anyone”是单数名词，作主语；“who is to blame”是定语从句，修饰“anyone”，整体构成单数主语，与谓语“learns”一致。“be to blame”是固定搭配，意为“对……负有责任，该受责备”，整个结构在“Make sure that...”的宾语从句中作主语，表示“任何应对这次事故负责的人”，符合句子结构和语义要求。A选项“whoever”引导名词性从句时需接谓语动词，“to be blamed”为非谓语形式，无法构成完整结构。B选项“no matter who”只能引导让步状语从句（意为“无论谁”），不能作主语，不符合句子结构要求。D选项“those”作宾语从句的主语是复数概念，其后定语从句的谓语“are”，与宾语从句谓语 “learns”（单数）不一致，语法错误；且应为“be to blame”。故选C项。 4．The keynote speaker emphasized ________ the approach adopted by their institution had significantly accelerated the pace of scientific discovery. A．that B．whether C．why D．what 【答案】A 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这位主旨演讲者强调，他们机构所采用的方法极大地加快了科学发现的速度。引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分和句意，故用that。故选A。 5．You should first explore your talents and get to know yourself so as to make a list of ______ you think your real interests lie. A．where B．what C．that D．how 【答案】A 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：你应当首先开发你的天赋，了解自己，以便于列出一个你认为你真正的兴趣所在的名单。空处引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语，引导词在从句中作地点状语，应用连接副词where引导。故选A。 6．The place at which the bridge is supposed to be built should be ____________ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. A．which B．where C．that D．on which 【答案】B 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：建造桥梁的地方应该是横跨河流交通量最大的地方。本空引导表语从句，从句缺少地点状语，需要用连接副词where引导。故选B。 7．The budget for the project ended up being twice ______, causing unexpected financial strain on the company. A．how it intended to B．that it had intended to C．as it intended to D．what it was intended to 【答案】D 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这个项目的预算最终是原计划的两倍，给公司带来了意想不到的财政压力。分析句子可知，be动词后面是一个表语从句，从句中intended是谓语动词，后面缺少宾语，所以用what来引导，在从句中作宾语，表示“……的东西”或“……的事情”，相当于“the thing that”，此处指的是“原本计划好的预算”，故选D。 8．The reason ______ she gave for her resignation was ______ she wanted to pursue her passion for travel and exploration. A．that, that B．why, that C．why, because D．/, because 【答案】A 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：她给出的辞职理由是，她想追求自己对旅行和探索的热情。分析句子可知，第一个空处所在句是定语从句，先行词是reason，在定语从句中作宾语，因此使用连接词that或which引导定语从句。第二个空处所在句是表语从句，表语从句中不缺任何成分且意义完整，因此使用that引导表语从句。故选A项。 9．He spends a lot of time on Tik Tok. That’s ______ his sight get worse and worse. A．because B．why C．how D．what 【答案】B 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他在Tik Tok上花费了很多时间。这就是为什么他的视力越来越差的原因。空处需要引导表语从句。根据“He spends a lot of time on Tik Tok.”可知，表语从句需要连接副词why引导，表示“这就是为什么视力越来越差的原因”。而because引导表语从句时表示原因，how引导表语从句时表示方式，what引导表语从句时在从句中作主语或宾语等，所以A，C，D均不正确。故选B。 10．It was widely confirmed by scientists that that was exactly ________ global greenhouse gas emission needs to be addressed as soon as possible. A．why B．how C．when D．whether 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：科学家们普遍认为，这正是需要尽快解决全球温室气体排放问题的原因。A. why为什么，……的原因；B. how如何，怎样；C. when什么时候；D. whether是否。句子分析可知，“________ global greenhouse gas emission needs to be addressed as soon as possible”在that引导的主语从句中作表语，设空处在表语从句中作状语，根据句中“It was widely confirmed by scientists”以及空后“global greenhouse gas emission needs to be addressed as soon as possible”可知设空处表示“……的原因”用连接副词why。故选A。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单选 1．What made the school proud was ________ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A．because B．why C．whether D．that 【答案】D 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：让学校感到骄傲的是90%以上的学生都被重点大学录取了。空处引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that引导从句。故选D项。 2．The detective didn’t discover until he accidentally entered the small cabin ______ someone had tried to destroy the evidence. A．which B．where C．that D．when 【答案】C 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：侦探直到偶然进入小木屋才发现有人试图销毁证据。discover是及物动词，空处引导名词性从句作其宾语，宾语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故选C。 3．They didn’t discover until they happened to enter the back room ___________ someone had stolen the painting. A．which B．when C．where D．that 【答案】D 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：直到他们碰巧走进里屋才发现有人偷了那幅画。设空处连接宾语从句作discover的宾语，从句中不缺少成分，也不缺少意思，用that连接，故选D。 4．Although I have been working here for ten years, I still remember ________ it was like to be a trainee. A．how B．what C．when D．that 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：虽然我在这里工作了十年，但我仍然记得当实习生的感觉。分析句子可知，这里考查宾语从句，从句中介词like后缺宾语，所以应用连接代词what，表“什么”。故选B项。 5．The New York Stock Exchange is no longer the general public thinks it is. A．which B．as C．where D．what 【答案】D 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：纽约证券交易所不再是公众所认为的那样了。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少表语，该表语指事物，故用what。故选D。 二、语法填空 16．She’s driven to a forested area near she was found. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：她被驱赶到她被发现的附近一片森林所在的区域。空处引导宾语从句，作介词near的宾语，从句缺少地点状语，故填where。 17．The only thing that kept those successful people going was that they loved they did. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：让这些成功人士坚持下去的唯一原因是他们热爱自己所做的事情。空白处及之后的内容在句中作loved的宾语从句，空白处在宾语从句中作did的宾语，表示“所……的事情”，所以用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。 18．The chairman of the union made it clear at the meeting he would not step down from his position as chairman. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：工会主席在会议上明确表示，他不会辞去主席职务。根据句意和句子结构可知，it作形式宾语，空后宾语从句结构完整、不缺意义，用从属连词that。故填that。 19．Most of us are well aware good technology can help companies achieve competitive advantage and long-term financial success. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】that 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：我们大多数人都清楚地知道，良好的技术可以帮助企业获得竞争优势和长期的财务成功。分析句子结构可知，are aware后缺少宾语，此处引导宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，应用that引导。故填that。 20．The 4G cell-phone must be of great use to wants to get the information through the Internet quickly. 【答案】whoever 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：4G手机对于任何想要通过互联网快速获取信息的人来说都是非常有用的。分析句子结构可知，空处填宾语从句连接词，to后缺宾语（人），wants to get the information这一从句缺主语，故用whoever相当于anyone who，综上，故填whoever。 21．Now, the world’s focus is all on it is that the global economy will come back to normal. 【答案】when 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：现在，世界的焦点都集中在全球经济何时会恢复正常。分析句子结构可知，空处填宾语从句连接词，on后加宾语从句，再根据句意可知，when是连接副词在从句中做时间状语，意为“何时”，故填when。 22．Our bad living habits will destroy the earth. Only by changing we live can we save the earth. 【答案】how 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：我们的不良生活习惯将毁灭地球。只有改变我们的生活方式，我们才能拯救地球。分析句子结构可知，空处填宾语从句连词，changing后加宾语从句，从句中we live是主谓结构，空处填状语，再根据句意可知，how意为“怎样”，可做方式状语，故填how。 23．Life is like a cup, and it’s up to you to decide it’s a drinking cup or a toothbrush cup. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：生活就像一个杯子，你可以决定它是一个水杯还是一个牙刷杯。分析句子结构可知，空处填宾语从句连词，再根据句意可知，whether用来以引导宾语从句，通常与从句中的or搭配，意为“是……还是……”，故填whether。 24．What he really means is he disagrees with us. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他真正的意思是他不同意我们的观点。分析句子结构可知，这里考查表语从句，从句句意完整且不缺成分，应用连接词that引导。故填that。 25．Ten percent of life is what happens to you and ninety percent is you respond to it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】how 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：生活的百分之十是发生在你身上的事，百分之九十是你如何应对它。空处引导名词性从句作表语，结合句意可知，从句中缺少方式状语，空处需表达“如何，怎样”，应用连接副词how作引导词。故填how。 26．What worries the patient is the medical treatment might have side effects on his digestive system. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：让病人担心的是，这种治疗可能会对他的消化系统产生副作用。横线前面有is，说明这是一个表语从句。从句中句子成分完整，且意思完整，应该填入that。故填that。 27．What I want to know is you plan to dress in to attend the Christmas party. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我想知道的是你打算穿什么去参加圣诞晚会。引导表语从句，从句中的dress in缺少宾语，指事物应用what。故填what。 28．Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s the best jobs are. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：为什么不去市中心碰碰运气呢，鲍勃？那是最好的工作所在地。空格处引导表语从句，从句缺少表语，结合句意“所在地”可知，应用连接副词where。故填where。 29．I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is he never finishes anything. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：恐怕他只是个空谈而不是实干家，这就是他做事从不完成的原因。分析句子可知，空处引导表语从句，结合句意，填连接副词why，在从句中作原因状语。故填why。 30．However dark the road ahead is, always keep your head up to the sky because that’s your dreams lie.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：不管前面的路多么黑暗，永远要仰望天空，因为那是你的梦想所在。根据句意和句意和句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句缺少地点状语，所以此处应用连接副词where引导表语从句，表示“……的地方”。故填where。 31．Richard swims three times a week after work.This is he keeps fit. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】how 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：理查德每周下班后游泳三次。这就是他保持健康的方式。分析句子结构可知，“____he keeps fit”为表语从句，表语从句中缺少方式状语。故填how。 32．One of the main reasons for this is teachers work too hard but get too little.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句引导词。句意：造成这种情况的主要原因之一是教师工作太辛苦，但得到的太少。根据句意和句子结构可知，系动词is后为表语从句，从句中句子成分齐全，故用没有实际意义的连接词that引导。故填that。 33．The shocking news made me realize terrible problems we would face. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：这个令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题。分析句子结构可知，空处填宾语从句连词，再根据句意可知，how引导的宾语从句其后通常修饰形容词，意为“多么”，故填what。 34．Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please? 【答案】whoever 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：我可以和负责国际销售的人通话吗? 分析句子结构可知，空处填宾语从句连词，to后缺宾语（人），is in charge of International Sales please这一从句缺主语，故用whoever相当于anyone who，综上，故填whoever。 35．I doubt the player will set a world record or not. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我怀疑那个运动员是否能创造一项世界纪录。这是个宾语从句，结合句意及后面的or not可知，用whether引导。故填whether。 三、翻译 36．尽管这个科学家没有把实验的失败怪在她身上，但大家都意识到性别歧视导致了这一切。（Despite）(汉译英) 【答案】Despite the fact that the scientist didn’t blame her for the failure of the experiment, everyone was aware that gender discrimination led to all this. 【详解】考查同位语从句、宾语从句和时态。句子陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；表示“尽管”用despite，后接名词the fact，that引导同位语从句，解释说明the fact的具体内容；blame sb. for sth. (因某事责备某人)，the failure of the experiment (实验的失败)，表示“这个科学家没有把实验的失败怪在她身上”用the scientist didn’t blame her for the failure of the experiment；be aware that... (意识到)，表示“大家都意识到”用everyone was aware，后接that引导的宾语从句；gender discrimination (性别歧视)，lead to (导致)，表示“性别歧视导致了这一切”用gender discrimination led to all this。故翻译为Despite the fact that the scientist didn’t blame her for the failure of the experiment, everyone was aware that gender discrimination led to all this. 37．多亏了可靠的资源，这信息才有可能为大众所用，这意味着语言塑造了我们的思维方式。（available）(汉译英) 【答案】Thanks to reliable resources, this information has been made available to the public, which means that language shapes the way we think. 【详解】考查形容词、介词短语和定语从句。表示“多亏了”应用thanks to，为介词短语；表示“可靠的资源”应用reliable resources，作介词后宾语；表示“这信息才有可能为大众所用”中“信息”是information，“有可能为大众所用”即“使大众能获取到信息”，用make sth. available to sb.结构，因information和make是被动关系，结合语境强调信息现在处于能为大众所用的状态，强调对现在的影响，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，即has been made available to，“大众”the public；“这意味着语言塑造了我们的思维方式”用非限制性定语从句which means that...，which指代前面整个句子，means是谓语动词，后接that引导的宾语从句，从句主语“语言”language，谓语“塑造”shape，从句使用一般现在时表示客观事实，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，后接宾语“方式”the way，the way后接省略that引导的定语从句“我们思考的”we think。故翻译为Thanks to reliable resources, this information has been made available to the public, which means that language shapes the way we think. 38．为确保他们的本土文化保持完好无损，长辈们建议年轻一代遵循传统仪式的固定模式。(sound) (汉译英) 【答案】To ensure their indigenous culture remains sound, the elders advise the younger generation to adhere to the established patterns of traditional rituals. 【详解】考查宾语从句、非谓语动词、动词（短语）、形容词和名词。“为确保他们的本土文化保持完好无损”为目的状语，可用不定式表示，“确保”可用动词ensure，“他们的本土文化保持完好无损”是ensure的内容，可用that引导名词性从句，作其宾语，that可省略，从句应该是描述当前的情况，时态宜用一般现在时，主语“他们的本土文化”可用名词短语their indigenous culture，系动词“保持”可用remain，表语“完好无损”可用形容词sound；主句应该也是描述当前的情况，时态宜用一般现在时，主语“长辈们”可用名词the elders，“建议某人做某事”可用动词短语advise sb. to do，“年轻一代”可用名词短语the younger generation，“遵循”可用动词短语adhere to，“传统仪式的固定模式”可用名词短语the established patterns of traditional rituals。故可译为：To ensure their indigenous culture remains sound, the elders advise the younger generation to adhere to the established patterns of traditional rituals. 39．她认为通过不断学习新技能，就能够应对工作中的复杂任务，从而更好地实现职业发展。（attain）（汉译英） 【答案】She believes that by constantly learning new skills, she can tackle complex tasks at work so that she can better attain professional growth. 【详解】考查宾语从句和动词短语。根据句意，“认为”和“能够应对”为现在的状态和能力，主句及从句使用一般现在时； “她”为she作主语，位于句首首字母大写，“认为”为believes（第三人称单数），表示“她认为”为主句She believes；表示“通过不断学习新技能，就能够应对工作中的复杂任务，从而更好地实现职业发展”为宾语从句作believes的宾语，从句中不缺句子成分，且句意完整，所以使用连词that引导；表示“通过不断学习新技能”为by constantly learning new skills作方式状语，表示“能够应对”为can tackle，“复杂任务”为complex tasks，“在工作中”为at work，所以，“她就能够应对工作中的复杂任务”为she can tackle complex tasks at work；表示“从而更好地实现职业发展”为so that引导目的状语从句，表示“更好地实现”为better attain，“职业发展”为professional growth作宾语，所以目的状语从句为so that she can better attain professional growth。故翻译为She believes that by constantly learning new skills, she can tackle complex tasks at work so that she can better attain professional growth. 40．被称作购物者天堂是这座旅游城市的吸引力之一。(refer) (汉译英) 【答案】One of the attractions of this tourist city is that it is referred to as a paradise for shoppers. 【详解】考查表语从句，被动语态和固定搭配。本句描述一般事实，用一般现在时。表示“……之一”介词短语为one of…；表示“吸引力”名词短语为the attractions，one of后接名词复数，作宾语；表示“的”应用介词of;表示“这座旅游城市”名词短语为this tourist city，作宾语；主语为单数，表示“是”应用is；表示“被称作”应用被动语态it is referred to as，it指代前文的this tourist city，主语和固定搭配refer to as之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态；表示“购物者天堂”名词短语a paradise for shoppers，作宾语。因为表语从句中不缺少成分，应用只起连接作用的连接词that引导。句首字母大写，故翻译为One of the attractions of this tourist city is that it is referred to as a paradise for shoppers。 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 1．让科学家们忧心忡忡的是可再生能源虽被看好，但开发和运用速度尚未跟上需求。（concern）（汉译英） 【答案】What concerns scientists is that although renewable energy is promising, its development and application have not kept up with demand. 【详解】考查主语从句、表语从句、让步状语从句和动词短语。根据句意，“让科学家们忧心忡忡”是现在的状态，主句使用一般现在时；“开发和运用速度尚未跟上”是从过去持续到现在的情况，从句使用现在完成时。表示“让科学家们忧心忡忡的”为主语从句作主语，从句中缺少主语，指事情，所以使用连接代词what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写，表示“忧心忡忡”为concern，主语What视为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，“科学家们”为scientists作宾语，所以主语从句可译为What concerns scientists；表示“是”为be动词，用单数形式，所以be动词为is作主句的谓语；表示“可再生能源虽被看好，但开发和运用速度尚未跟上需求”为表语从句，表语从句中不缺句子成分，且句意完整，所以使用连接词that引导表语从句，无实义；表语从句中包含although引导的让步状语从句，表示“可再生能源”为renewable energy作主语，“被看好”为is promising作谓语，所以，状语从句可译为although renewable energy is promising；表示“开发和运用”为development and application作表语从句中主句的主语，表示“尚未跟上”为现在完成时的否定形式have not kept up with作谓语，表示“需求”为demand作宾语，所以表语从句中的主句可译为its development and application have not kept up with demand。故翻译为What concerns scientists is that although renewable energy is promising, its development and application have not kept up with demand. 2．令她忧心忡忡的是，不久后她将独面世事，再无家荫庇护。（before）（汉译英） 【答案】What concerns her a lot is that it won’t be long before she has to face the world on her own / alone without the shelter / protection of her family. 【详解】考查固定句型和名词性从句。“令她忧心忡忡的”可以用what引导的主语从句表示，翻译为what concerns her a lot，作主语，“是”用be动词is，后面跟that引导的表语从句；“不久后将……”用固定句型it won’t be long before表示；“她将独面世事”翻译为she has to face the world on her own / alone；“无”用介词without；“家荫庇护”翻译为the shelter / protection of her family。故整句翻译为What concerns her a lot is that it won’t be long before she has to face the world on her own / alone without the shelter / protection of her family. 3．这个游戏的独特之处在于它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题。 （what）（汉译英） 【答案】What makes the game unique is that it helps children learn how to deal /cope with problems in real life. 【详解】考查主语从句和固定短语。根据句意，此处描述的是客观事实，所以使用全句使用一般现在时；结合句意，主语为what引导的主语从句；表示“游戏的独特之处”翻译为he game unique；本句为主系表结构，is后接表语从句，句意和句子结构完整，连接词为that。“处理”为deal /cope with；“帮助某人做某事”为help sb do sth；表示“它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题”翻译为it helps children learn how to deal /cope with problems in real life。故翻译为What makes the game unique is that it helps children learn how to deal /cope with problems in real life. 4．评委们为他的成绩鼓掌，不是因为他解题耗时最短，而是他的方法精妙绝伦。(reason) (汉译英) 【答案】The reason why the judges applauded his achievement was not that he solved the problem in the shortest time, but that his method was brilliant. 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。根据提示词reason和“不是因为……而是……”可知，要用The reason why… is/was not that…, but that…，why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。“为他的成绩鼓掌”译为applaud his achievement；“解题耗时最短”译为solve the problem in the shortest time；“方法”译为method；“精妙绝伦”译为brilliant。本句陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故答案为：The reason why the judges applauded his achievement was not that he solved the problem in the shortest time, but that his method was brilliant. 5．研究人员得出结论这种疾病源自病人不良的饮食习惯。(originate) (汉译英) 【答案】Researchers concluded that/drew the conclusion that the disease originated from patients’ bad eating habits. 【详解】考查短语和时态。主语“研究人员”为复数名词researchers；表示“得出结论”可用动词conclude that…，that引导宾语从句；或用draw the conclusion that…，that引导同位语从句；从句主语“这种疾病”为the disease；表示“源自”用originate from；表示“病人不良的饮食习惯”为patients’ bad eating habits。发生在过去用一般过去时。故翻译为Researchers concluded that/drew the conclusion that the disease originated from patients’ bad eating habits. 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1．The scientist suggested we need to establish a committee of experts as soon as possible to preserve the cultural heritage and prevent it from being harmed. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：这位科学家建议我们需要尽快成立一个专家委员会来保护文化遗产，防止其受到损害。分析句子可知，设空处引导宾语从句，作及物动词suggested的宾语，从句中不缺少成分且句意完整，因此应用that引导该宾语从句，that在从句中无实际意义，只起连接作用。故填that。 2．My dad read a brochure about holidaying in the countryside, so he decided to call and see we could book a farmhouse. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】if/whether 【详解】考查连词。句意：我爸爸读了一本关于在乡村度假的宣传册，所以他决定打电话问问我们是否可以预订一个农舍。此处为连词引导的宾语从句，作see的宾语，从句中不缺少成分，结合语意，此处表达“是否”的含义，应用连词if或whether引导该宾语从句。故填if/whether。 3．Learn as much as possible so that you can judge is right from what is wrong. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：尽可能多地学习，这样你就能分辨出什么是正确的，什么是错误的。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处表示“判断什么是对的，什么是错的”，意为“什么”应用词what。故填what。 4．We can watch some movies and study people communicate. It can improve our English. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】how 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们可以看一些电影，学习人们是如何交流的。这能提高我们的英语水平。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句，从句成分齐全，根据句意，“我们研究人们如何交流”可知，设空处在从句中作方式状语，应用连接副词how引导。故填how。 5．An increasing number of individuals are wondering has invested several million yuan into the research and protection of human dialects. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：越来越多的人想知道是谁投入了数百万元用于人类方言的研究和保护。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作wondering的宾语，从句中缺少主语，且指代“投入资金的人”，应用连接代词“who”引导该宾语从句。故填who。 6．What took the dog a single weekend to learn is it can sit on the back of the bike in a dog carrier to travel the world. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】how 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这只狗只用了一个周末就学会的是，它可以如何坐在自行车后座的狗笼里环游世界。is后为表语从句，结合语意，此处表示的是狗学会如何坐在自行车后座的狗笼里环游世界，所以空处应用how引导表语从句。故填how。 7．What I love best about Sichuan hot pots is they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：关于四川火锅，我最喜欢的是它们提供了一个与朋友社交的好机会。“What I love best about Sichuan hot pots”是主语从句，is是系动词，其后接表语从句。在表语从句“they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends”中，句子结构完整，不缺少任何成分，语义也完整，这种情况下需要用that引导表语从句，that在从句中不充当任何成分，无实际意义，只起连接作用。故填that。 8．You should send handwritten letters. It is these letters have surprising benefits for helping your health and enriching your relationships. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：你应该寄手写的信。这是因为这些信件在有益健康和增进人际关系方面有着惊人的好处。空处引导表语从句，解释说明前文“You should send handwritten letters”的原因，应用连接词because“因为”。故填because。 9．When George got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as he could “see” the beauty of the world around him. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】if/though 【详解】考查连词短语。句意：当乔治沉浸在他的音乐世界中时，他觉得仿佛能“看到”周围世界的美好。as if和as though都有“仿佛，好像”的意思，引导表语从句。故填if/though。 10．About seventy-one percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water. That’s it looks blue from space. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：大约71%的地球表面被水覆盖。这就是为什么从太空看它是蓝色的。空处引导名词性从句作表语，前一句是“从太空看地球是蓝色的”的原因，空处需表达“为什么，为何”，应用连接副词why作引导词。故填why。 链接高考（测试时间：15分钟） 【2023上海秋考】King Mosi continued , “Just as you cannot tell me the number of seeds in the baobab fruit ,you cannot prove ( 25 )__________this land belongs to. His story is a reminder of ( 29 )_______wisdom can bring( 30 )_______ peace and harmony. 【答案】 25.who/whom 29.how 25.考查宾语从句。分析句子结构，该空引导的宾语从句作prove 的宾语且该宾语从句中缺少宾语,结合上下文内容,这里需要填入一个指代人的关系代词,表示“土地属于谁”，故此处填入 who/whom。 29.考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空处需要填入一个可以引导宾语从句的连词，且从句中不缺少主干成分，又根据相关句意推知，此处想要表述的是“他的故事给了我们一个关于智慧是如何带来和平与和谐的提醒”，how 有“如何”之意，故此处填入 how。 【2023上海春考】(25)__________counts for Advisers is an ability to get on with young people and to put across the subject. Young Enterprise makes (28)__________ a rule that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations. 【答案】25. What 28. it 25. What 考查名词从句。这里使用名词从句"What counts for Advisers"引导一个主语从句，意为"对于顾问来说，重要的是……"。根据原文句子结构和语境判断。 28.it 考查代词。 "it"是代词，作为形式宾语代替后面that从句。真正宾语是"that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations"。 【2022年秋考】An entrepreneur can determine (26) __________ other businesses in the area are doing and how they succeed by conducting a competitive analysis. 【答案】26.what 【解析】考查宾语从句。该段回答的问题是“企业家如何识别商业前景”，根据后面的"how they succeed(他们是如何成功的)”可以推测出这里要表达的意思是“其他企业在做什么"，故填入what。句意:企业家可以通过进行竞争分析来确定该地区的其他企业在做什么以及他们是如何成功的。 【2022年春考】People travel thousands of kilometers to see the aurora , and they can never be sure ( 29)_______it will happen .But (30)_______do see it say that they will never forget it. 【答案】29.that 30.whoever 29.考查宾语从句。根据 be sure 后面的 it will happen，判定从句作的是宾语的成分，故此处用 that 引导宾语从句，填入 that。句意:人们千里迢迢去看极光,却永远无法确定它是否会发生。 30.考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知此句缺主语，而后面宾语从句的主语为 they，再结合前面提到的“人们千里迅通去看极光”，说明极光很受欢迎，可以推测出这里的句意为“但是看到它的人都说他们永远不会忘记它”，也就是“无论是谁看到了它都说永远不会忘记它”，故填入 whoever。句意:但是看到它的人都说他们永远不会忘记它。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $