Unit6语法:时间表达法 & 特殊疑问句(重难点、易错点+真题+强训)-2025-2026学年人教版(2024)七年级上册

2025-09-23
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语人教版七年级上册
年级 七年级
章节 Unit 6 A Day in the Life
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
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地区(区县) -
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发布时间 2025-09-23
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作者 皮皮的老师
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审核时间 2025-09-23
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新七上U6语法: 时间表达法 & 特殊疑问句 (重难点、易错点+中考真题+强化训练) 一、核心定义:明确两大语法模块的本质 (一)时间表达法(Time Expression) 时间表达法是用于描述 “时刻、日期、时间段” 的规范语言形式。 核心涵盖三大维度: ①时刻(如 8:00、3:15); ②日期(如 2024 年 5 月 20 日、星期一); ③时间段(如 3 小时、2 天)。 核心特征是 “形式固定、搭配精准”,需结合介词(in/on/at)和数词(基数词 / 序数词)使用,确保时间信息清晰无歧义。 例:We have class at 8:00 a.m.(时刻); My birthday is on May 20th(日期); He stayed in Beijing for three days(时间段)。 (二)特殊疑问句(Wh-Questions) 特殊疑问句是用特殊疑问词(what/when/where/why/how 等)引导,用于询问具体信息的疑问句。 核心特征: ①必须包含特殊疑问词,明确询问方向; ②语序为 “特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序”(主语为疑问词时除外); ③回答需针对疑问词提供具体内容,不可用 yes/no。 例:-When do you get up every morning?(询问时刻) -At 6:30 a.m -How do you usually go to school?(询问方式) -By bike. 二、重点知识:系统拆解规则(附实例) (一)时间表达法:三大维度的精准规则 1. 时刻表达:“顺读法” 与 “逆读法” 双轨并行 时刻表达核心是 “描述具体几点几分”,分顺读法和逆读法两种: 表达方法 规则 示例(时刻) 注意事项 顺读法 “小时(基数词)+ 分钟(基数词)”,直接按数字顺序读 1 8:00 → eight o'clock/ eight); 2 3:15 → three fifteen; ③ 9:40 → nine forty 分钟数小于 10 时,可加 “0” 占位(如 7:05 → seven zero five),口语中也可直接读 seven five 逆读法 分 “分钟≤30” 和 “分钟>30” 两种情况:① 分钟≤30:“分钟(基数词)+past + 小时(基数词)”(表 “几点过几分”); ② 分钟>30:“(60 - 分钟)(基数词)+to+(小时 + 1)(基数词)”(表 “几点差几分”) ① 3:15 → a quarter past three(15 分钟 = quarter,更简洁); ② 2:30 → half past two(30 分钟 = half,无需加 a); ③ 9:40 → twenty to ten; ④ 11:50 → ten to twelve ① 15 分钟用 “a quarter”,30 分钟用 “half”,避免重复读 fifteen/thirty; ② 分钟 = 0 时,只能用顺读法(如 5:00 → five o'clock,不可说 zero past five) 2. 日期表达:“序数词 + 介词” 的固定搭配 日期表达涵盖 “年、月、日、星期”,核心规则是 “序数词表日、介词定范围”,具体如下: 日期类型 表达规则 示例 介词搭配 年月日 两种规范形式:① 月 + 日(序数词)+ 年(如 May 20th, 2024);② 日(序数词)+of + 月 + 年(如 the 20th of May, 2024) 2024 年 5 月 20 日 → May 20th, 2024 /the 20th of May, 2024 1 年份前不加介词; 2 ② 具体日期前用 on(如 on May 20th) 星期 直接用星期名词(首字母大写),如 Monday, Tuesday 星期一 → Monday;星期日 → Sunday 星期前用 on(如 on Monday),表 “在星期几” 季节 用季节名词(spring/summer/autumn/winter,首字母小写) 夏天 → summer;冬天 → winter 季节前用 in(如 in summer),表 “在某个季节” 3. 时间段表达:“基数词 + 时间单位” 的清晰描述 时间段是 “从开始到结束的时间长度”,表达规则为 “基数词 + 时间单位(单数 / 复数)”,结合介词 for/since 使用,具体如下: 时间单位 单数/复数规则 示例 介词搭配 小时(hour) 1 小时:one hour;≥2 小时:two hours(hour 首字母发元音,前用 an) 1 小时 → an hour;3 小时 → three hours 表 “持续多久” 用 for(如 for three hours);表 “从过去到现在多久” 用 since(如 since two hours ago) 天(day) 1 天:one day;≥2 天:two days 5 天 → five days;10 天 → ten days 同 hour,如 for five days(持续 5 天) 周(week)/ 月(month)/ 年(year) 1 个单位:单数;≥2 个单位:复数 2 周 → two weeks;4 个月 → four months;1 年 → one year 如 for two weeks(持续 2 周),since last year(从去年到现在) 4. 时间介词(in/on/at)的精准搭配 时间介词是时间表达的 “纽带”,需根据时间范围选择,核心规则 “大时间用 in,小时间用 at,具体某天用 on”: 介词 适用时间范围 示例 易错提醒 in 年、月、季节、上午 / 下午 / 晚上(无具体日期) in 2024;in May;in summer;in the morning 不可用于具体日期(如 in May 20th×,应为 on May 20th) on 具体日期(日、星期)、带修饰的上午 / 下午 / 晚上 on May 20th;on Monday;on the morning of May 20th 不可用于 “无修饰的上午”(如 on morning×,应为 in the morning) at 具体时刻、固定时间点(如黎明、正午) at 8:00 a.m.;at noon;at dawn 不可用于时间段(如 at three hours×,应为 for three hours) (二)特殊疑问句:疑问词分类与语序规则 1. 特殊疑问词分类:按 “询问内容” 划分 特殊疑问词决定了提问方向,初中阶段核心疑问词及用法如下: 疑问词 询问内容 常见搭配场景 示例(结合时间表达法) what 事物、职业、时间(表 “日期 / 时刻” 时需加 time/date) 询问 “是什么”“做什么”“具体时间” ① What time is it now?(现在几点?回答:It's 3:15 p.m.);② What date is today?(今天几号?回答:It's May 20th.) when 时间(时刻、日期、时间段均可) 询问 “什么时候”,无需加 time/date ① When do you go to school?(你什么时候上学?回答:At 7:30 a.m.);② When is your birthday?(你生日什么时候?回答:On May 20th.) where 地点 询问 “在哪里” Where do you have lunch?(你在哪里吃午饭?回答:In the school canteen.) why 原因 询问 “为什么”,回答用 because Why do you get up early?(你为什么早起?回答:Because I need to read English.) how 方式、程度、数量(需加 many/much/old/long 等) 询问 “如何做”“多少”“多大”“多久” ① How do you go to school?(你怎么上学?回答:By bike.);② How many hours do you study every day?(你每天学几小时?回答:Three hours.) who 人(主语 / 宾语) 询问 “谁” Who teaches you English?(谁教你英语?回答:Miss Wang.) whose 所属关系 询问 “谁的” Whose book is this?(这是谁的书?回答:It's Tom's.) 2. 特殊疑问句语序:“疑问词 + 一般疑问句” 的核心逻辑 语序是特殊疑问句的核心难点,分两种情况: 语序类型 适用场景 规则 示例 疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语 + 谓语 主语是 “人 / 事物”(非疑问词) 特殊疑问词后接一般疑问句,需加助动词(do/does/did/will 等) ① When do you get up?(主语是 you,加助动词 do);② How does she go to work?(主语是 she,加助动词 does) 疑问词 + 谓语 + 其他 主语是 “疑问词”(如 who/what/which) 疑问词直接作主语,无需加助动词,语序为 “主语(疑问词)+ 谓语” ① Who teaches you English?(who 作主语,直接接谓语 teaches);② What happened yesterday?(what 作主语,直接接谓语 happened) 三、重点练习(分模块) (一)时间表达法练习(10 题) 1. 时刻表达(3 题) 1. 用顺读法和逆读法表达下列时刻: ① 9:30 _______________________ ② 4:15_________________________ ③ 7:45________________________ 2. 翻译句子:他每天下午 4 点 10 分放学。(提示:“4 点 10 分” 用顺读法或逆读法,“放学” 用 finish school) _____________________________________________________________ 3. 改正错误:We will meet at 3:30 p.m. in the park. _____________________________________________________________ 2. 日期与介词搭配(4 题) 4.用规范英文表达下列日期: ① 2024 年 6 月 1 日 _________________________ ② 2023 年 10 月 15 日_________________________ ③ 星期三 ______________________④ 夏天_________________________ 5. 选择:My father was born ______ 1985, and his birthday is ______ June 10th. ( ) A. in; in B. in; on C. on; in D. on; on 6. 翻译句子:我们将在 2024 年 5 月 20 日上午举办英语派对。 _______________________________________________________________ 7. 改正错误:She usually goes for a walk on the evening. ________________________________________________________________ 3. 时间段表达(3 题) 8. 翻译句子:他在上海待了五天。 _______________________________________________________________ 9. 填空:We have studied English ______ three years. 10. 选择:— How long have you lived here? — ______ 2020. ( ) A. For B. Since C. In D. On (二)特殊疑问句练习(10 题) 1. 疑问词选择(5 题) 1. 对划线部分提问:They usually have dinner at 6:30 p.m. 2. 对划线部分提问:She goes to school by bike every day. 3. 选择:— ______ is your favorite subject? — English. ( ) A. What B. When C. Where D. Why 4. 对划线部分提问:He didn't go to school yesterday because he was ill. 5. 选择:— ______ book is this? — It's Lucy's. ( ) A. Who B. Whose C. Which D. What 2. 语序判断与改正(5 题) 6. 改正错误:What time you get up every morning? 7. 判断句子是否正确,若错误改正:Who teach you math? 8. 改正错误:How many books you have? 9. 判断句子是否正确,若错误改正:When will they arrive here? 10. 改正错误:Why he didn't come to the party? 四、难点知识:突破复杂场景(附实例) (一)时间表达法难点:“模糊时间” 与 “特殊时间段” 的表达 1. 模糊时间表达:不精确但常用的时间描述 模糊时间需结合 “介词 + 名词” 或 “副词”,常见形式: 示例:① “不久之后”→ soon /in a short time; ② “很久以前”→ long ago /a long time ago; ③ “最近”→ recently /these days; ④ “偶尔”→ sometimes /from time to time 难点练习:翻译句子 “他不久之后会回来”(提示:用 soon 或 in a short time) 2. “since” 与 “for” 的区分:时间段的 “起点” 与 “长度” · since:后接 “过去时间点”(如 2020 年、last Monday、three years ago),表 “从该时间点到现在”,主句常用现在完成时; 示例:He has lived here since 2020.(从 2020 年到现在,他一直住在这里) · for:后接 “时间段”(如 three years、five days),表 “持续的时长”,主句可用于多种时态; 示例:He lived here for three years.(他在这里住了三年,现在可能不住了) 难点练习:填空 Tom ______ (learn) English ______ six years ago. He ______ (learn) English ______ six years. (二)特殊疑问句难点:“复杂主语” 与 “多疑问词” 的语序 1. 复杂主语的语序:主语含定语时仍需加助动词 示例:What does the girl in red want to eat?(主语是 “the girl in red”,含定语 “in red”,仍需加助动词 does,不可说 What the girl in red wants to eat?) 难点练习:改正错误 “What the boy with glasses usually do after school?”(提示:加助动词 does) 2. 多疑问词的提问:明确核心疑问词,语序不变 示例:When and where will you meet?(同时询问时间和地点,核心疑问词是 when/where,语序仍为 “疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语”) 难点练习:对划线部分提问 “We will meet ______ at the school gate ______ tomorrow morning.”(提示:同时询问地点和时间,用 where and when) 五、易错点分析:高频错误与规避方法 (一)时间表达法易错点 1. 介词混用:in/on/at 的范围混淆 错误示例:① at May(×,月份用 in,应为 in May); ② in Monday(×,星期用 on,应为 on Monday); ③ on 8:00(×,时刻用 at,应为 at 8:00) 规避方法:记口诀 “年年月月季节里,上午下午和晚上,in 来相伴没问 题;具体日期和星期,还有修饰早中晚,on 来帮忙准没错;时刻节日和黎明,at 来搭配最清晰”。 2. 时刻逆读法错误:“past” 与 “to” 的范围混淆 错误示例: ① 9:40 → forty past nine(×,分钟>30,应用 to,应为 twenty to ten); ② 2:15 → fifteen past two(虽正确,但常用 a quarter past two,更简洁) 规避方法:明确 “≤30 用 past,>30用 to”,且牢记 “15 分钟 = a quarter,30 分钟 = half”,避免冗余表达。 3. 日期表达中序数词遗漏:“日” 未用序数词 错误示例: May 5(×,“5 日” 需用序数词 5th,应为 May 5th); the 5 of May(×,“5 日” 需用序数词 5th,应为 the 5th of May) · 规避方法:书写日期时,“日” 的部分必须用序数词(阿拉伯数字加 - st/-nd/-rd/-th,或全拼序数词),可在草稿纸上先标注 “第几天”,再转化为序数词。 (二)特殊疑问句易错点 1. 助动词遗漏:主语非疑问词时未加助动词 错误示例:What you do on weekends?(×,主语是 you,谓语是 do,需加助动词 do,应为 What do you do on weekends?);Why he is late?(×,主语是 he,谓语是 is late,虽含 be 动词,但语序应为 Why is he late?) 规避方法:①判断主语是否为疑问词(who/what/which):若不是,必须加助动词(实义动词用 do/does/did,be 动词 / 情态动词提前);②造句时先写 “疑问词 + 助动词”,再接主语和谓语。 2. 语序颠倒:将 “疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语” 误用于非疑问词主语 错误示例:What time he gets up?(×,主语是 he,非疑问词,需加助动词 does,语序为 What time does he get up?);How many books she has?(×,主语是 she,非疑问词,需加助动词 does,语序为 How many books does she have?) 规避方法:牢记 “非疑问词主语→疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语 + 谓语”,“疑问词主语→疑问词 + 谓语 + 其他”,可通过 “找主语” 来判断语序:主语在前则无需助动词,主语在后则需加助动词。 3. 疑问词误用:混淆 “how many” 与 “how much” 错误示例:How much students are there in your class?(×,students 是可数名词复数,需用 how many,应为 How many students are there in your class?);How many water do you need?(×,water 是不可数名词,需用 how much,应为 How much water do you need?) 规避方法:先判断名词是否可数(能数出具体个数为可数,反之则不可数),再选择疑问词:可数名词复数用 how many,不可数名词用 how much,询问价格无论名词可数与否均用 how much。 六、难点练习(10 题) (一)时间表达法难点练习(5 题) 1. 翻译句子:他从 2020 年起就住在这个城市了,已经住了四年。 _____________________________________________________________ 2. 填空:We ______ (know) each other ______ we were in primary school. That was ______ ten years ago. We ______ (know) each other ______ ten years. 3. 用模糊时间表达翻译:最近他总是很早起床。 _____________________________________________________________ 4. 改正错误:I will finish the work after two hours. _____________________________________________________________ 5. 选择:— How long ______ you ______ this book? — For three weeks. ( ) A. have; borrowed B. have; kept C. did; borrow D. do; keep (二)特殊疑问句难点练习(5 题) 6. 改正错误:What the girl with long hair usually eat for breakfast? _____________________________________________________________ 7. 对划线部分提问: They will go to the museum by bus next Sunday. _____________________________________________________________ 8. 选择:— ______ did you stay in Beijing last year? — For a month. ( ) A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How many 9. 改正错误:How much apples do you want to buy? They are very cheap. _____________________________________________________________ 10. 对划线部分提问:The boy in blue is my brother. _____________________________________________________________ 七、3 年内真题训练(10 题,模拟中考难度) 1. (2023・江苏苏州中考)— ______ is it now? I need to catch the train at 3:00 p.m. — It's 2:30 p.m. Hurry up! ( ) A. What time B. What date C. What day D. What season 2. (2024・浙江杭州中考)We usually have a school trip ______ spring. This year we will go in April. ( ) A. in B. on C. at D. for 3. (2023・广东广州中考)— ______ do you visit your grandparents? — Once a month. I usually go to see them on weekends. ( ) A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How much 4. (2024・山东济南中考)My father has worked in this factory ______ 2015. He has been here for about 9 years. ( ) A. since B. for C. in D. on 5. (2023・湖北武汉中考)— When is your mother's birthday? — It's on ______ (June 12)(用英文日期表达填空) 6. (2024・四川成都中考)— ______ did you pay for this new bike? — 800 yuan. It's a good gift for my birthday. ( ) A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How old 7. (2023・湖南长沙中考)— Who ______ you English last term? — Miss Li. She taught very well. ( ) A. teach B. teaches C. taught D. will teach 8. (2024・安徽合肥中考)We will have a picnic ______ the morning of May 1st. Would you like to join us? ( ) A. in B. on C. at D. for 9. (2023・河北石家庄中考)— ______ is the library from your home? — It's about 10 minutes' walk. ( ) A. How far B. How long C. How often D. How soon 10. (2024・河南郑州中考)— What time is it now? — It's ______ (9:45)(用逆读法表达填空) 八、强化训练(满分 100 分) (一)单项选择题(每题 4 分,共 40 分) 1. — ______ is your birthday? — It's on July 15th. ( ) A. What time B. What date C. When D. What season 2. We usually have breakfast ______ 7:00 a.m. and go to bed ______ 10:00 p.m. ( ) A. in; in B. at; at C. on; on D. in; at 3. — ______ books do you have in your schoolbag? — About ten. They are all textbooks. ( ) A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How often 4. My uncle has lived in Shanghai ______ five years. He will stay there for another two years. ( ) A. since B. for C. in D. on 5. — ______ do you go to the cinema? — Once a month. I like watching English movies. ( ) A. How long B. How soon C. How often D. How much 6. The meeting will start ______ the afternoon of June 20th. Please be on time. ( ) A. in B. on C. at D. for 7. — ______ is this red sweater? — It's 120 yuan. You can buy it for your sister. ( ) A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How old 8. — Who ______ with you to the park yesterday? — My best friend, Tom. ( ) A. go B. goes C. went D. will go 9. — How long ______ you ______ this pen? — For three months. It writes very well. ( ) A. have; bought B. have; had C. did; buy D. do; have( 10. — What time is it now? — It's ______ , so we need to hurry to class. ( ) A. ten to eight B. eight to ten C. ten past eight D. eight past ten (二)填空题(每空 3 分,共 30 分) 11. Today is ______ (Monday, May 6)(用规范英文日期表达). We will have a math test this afternoon. 12. My grandfather has worked in this school ______ 1980. He has been a teacher for 44 years. 13. — ______ do you usually go to bed? — At 9:30 p.m. I need to get enough sleep. 14. There are ______ (twelve) months in a year. The ______ (twelve) month is December. 15. — ______ is the river in your hometown? — It's about 500 meters long. 16. We will finish the project ______ two weeks. Please work hard. 17. — ______ apples do you need to make the pie? — About five. That's enough. 18. It's ______ (3:15)(用逆读法表达)now. We still have 45 minutes to the train. 19. — ______ did you spend on your homework last night? — About two hours. It was a little difficult. 20. My parents got married ______ 2000. They have been married for 24 years. (三)句型转换与翻译(每题 5 分,共 30 分) 21. 翻译句子:他每天早上 6 点 45 分起床,然后去公园跑步。 _______________________________________________________________ 22. 对划线部分提问:They usually go to the supermarket once a week. _____________________________________________________________ 23. 改正错误:How much hours do you spend on reading every day? You should read more. _______________________________________________________________ 24. 翻译句子:我从去年九月就开始学习弹钢琴了,已经学了八个月。 _______________________________________________________________ 25. 对划线部分提问:We will have a picnic in the park next Sunday. _______________________________________________________________ 26. 改正错误:I have bought this new phone for three months. It works very well. _______________________________________________________________ 九、所有练习答案与解析 一、重点练习答案与解析 (一)时间表达法练习(10 题) 1. 答案:① 顺读法:nine thirty;逆读法:half past nine ② 顺读法:four fifteen;逆读法:a quarter past four ③ 顺读法:seven forty-five;逆读法:a quarter to eight 解析:① 9:30 分钟 = 30,用 half past nine;② 4:15 分钟 = 15,用 a quarter past four;③ 7:45 分钟 = 45>30,60-45=15,7+1=8,用 a quarter to eight。 2. 答案:He finishes school at four ten p.m./ten past four p.m. every day. 解析:“4 点 10 分” 顺读法为 four ten,逆读法为 ten past four;“放学” 用 finish school,主语是 he,谓语用第三人称单数 finishes;“每天” 用 every day,时态为一般现在时。 3. 答案:句子正确。 解析:“3:30 p.m.” 是具体时刻,前用介词 at,“在公园” 用 in the park,介词搭配正确,语序无误。 4. 答案:① 2024 年 6 月 1 日:June 1st, 2024 /the 1st of June, 2024 ② 2023 年 10 月 15 日:October 15th, 2023 /the 15th of October, 2023 ③ 星期三:Wednesday ④ 夏天:summer 解析:日期表达用 “月 + 日(序数词)+ 年” 或 “日(序数词)+of + 月 + 年”;星期首字母大写;季节首字母小写。 5. 答案:B 解析:“1985 年” 是年份,前用 in;“6 月 10 日” 是具体日期,前用 on,故选 B。 6. 答案:We will hold an English party on the morning of May 20th, 2024. 解析:“举办英语派对” 用 hold an English party;“2024 年 5 月 20 日上午” 是带具体日期的上午,前用 on the morning of,日期表达为 May 20th, 2024。 7. 答案:She usually goes for a walk in the evening. 解析:无修饰的 “晚上” 前用 in,故将 on 改为 in。 8. 答案:He stayed in Shanghai for five days. 解析:“待在上海” 用 stay in Shanghai,时态为一般过去时(stayed);“五天” 是时间段,前用 for,表达为 for five days。 9. 答案:for 解析:“持续三年” 是时间段,前用 for,故填 for。 10. 答案:B 解析:回答 “从 2020 年到现在”,后接过去时间点 2020,用 since;for 后接时间段,in 后接年份 / 月份,on 后接具体日期,均不符合语境,故选 B。 (二)特殊疑问句练习(10 题) 1. 答案:When do they usually have dinner? / What time do they usually have dinner? 解析:对 “at 6:30 p.m.”(时刻)提问,用 when 或 what time,主语是 they,谓语是 have,加助动词 do,语序为 “疑问词 + do + 主语 + 谓语”。 2. 答案:How does she go to school every day? 解析:对 “by bike”(方式)提问,用 how,主语是 she,谓语是 goes,加助动词 does,语序为 “how+does + 主语 + 谓语”。 3. 答案:A 解析:对 “English”(事物,学科)提问,用 what;when 询问时间,where 询问地点,why 询问原因,均不符合语境,故选 A。 4. 答案:Why didn't he go to school yesterday? 解析:对 “because he was ill”(原因)提问,用 why,原句时态是一般过去时(didn't go),语序为 “why+didn't + 主语 + 谓语”。 5. 答案:B 解析:对 “Lucy's”(所属关系)提问,用 whose;who 询问人,which 询问选择,what 询问事物,均不符合语境 ,故选 B。 6. 答案:What time do you get up every morning? 解析:主语是 you,谓语是 get up,缺助动词 do,需在 what time 后加 do,调整为 “what time+do + 主语 + 谓语” 语序。 7. 答案:句子错误,改正为:Who teaches you math? 解析:主语 who 是第三人称单数,谓语动词 teach 需用第三人称单数形式 teaches,故将 teach 改为 teaches。 8. 答案:How many books do you have? 解析:主语是 you,谓语是 have,缺助动词 do,需在 how many books 后加 do,调整为 “how many books+do + 主语 + 谓语” 语序。 9. 答案:句子正确。 解析:疑问词是 when,主语是 they,谓语是 will arrive,语序为 “when+will + 主语 + 谓语”,符合 “疑问词 + 一般疑问句” 规则,无误。 10. 答案:Why didn't he come to the party? 解析:主语是 he,谓语是 come,原句时态是一般过去时,缺助动词 did,需在 why 后加 did,调整为 “why+didn't + 主语 + 谓语” 语序。 二、难点练习答案与解析(10 题) (一)时间表达法难点练习(5 题) 1. 答案:He has lived in this city since 2020, and he has lived here for four years. 解析:“从 2020 年起” 用 since 2020,主句用现在完成时 has lived;“四年” 用 for four years,同样搭配现在完成时,保持时态一致。 2. 答案:knew;since;about;have known;for 解析:前两空:“小学时认识” 是过去时间点,用一般过去时 knew,“从小学起” 用 since;后两空:“到现在认识十年” 用现在完成时 have known,“十年” 用 for。 3. 答案:He always gets up early recently. / He always gets up early these days. 解析:“最近” 用 recently 或 these days,时态为一般现在时(表当前习惯),“早起” 用 gets up early。 4. 答案:I will finish the work in two hours. 解析:“两小时后” 表未来时间,用 in two hours;after 用于 “过去时间点之后”(如 He finished the work after two hours yesterday),故将 after 改为 in。 5. 答案:B 解析:borrow 是短暂性动词,不可与 for three weeks(时间段)连用,需用延续性动词 keep;时态为现在完成时,故填 have; kept,选 B。 (二)特殊疑问句难点练习(5 题) 6. 答案:What does the girl with long hair usually eat for breakfast? 解析:主语是 the girl with long hair(第三人称单数),谓语是 eat,缺助动词 does,需在 what 后加 does,调整为 “what+does + 主语 + 谓语” 语序。 7. 答案:How and when will they go to the museum? 解析:同时询问 “方式(by bus)” 和 “时间(next Sunday)”,用 how and when,语序为 “how and when+will + 主语 + 谓语”,保持一般疑问句结构。 8. 答案:C 解析:回答 “For a month” 是时间段长度,询问 “待多久” 用 how long;how often 询问频率,how soon 询问未来间隔,how many 询问数量,均不符合语境,故选 C。 9. 答案:How many apples do you want to buy? They are very cheap. 解析:apples 是可数名词复数,询问数量需用 how many,故将 how much 改为 how many。 10. 答案:Who is your brother? 解析:划线部分 “the boy in blue” 是主语(指人),用 who 提问,who 直接作主语,语序为 “who+be 动词 + 表语”,无需加助动词。 三、3 年内真题训练答案与解析(10 题) 1. 答案:A 解析:回答 “It's 2:30 p.m.” 是时刻,询问时刻用 what time;what date 询问日期,what day 询问星期,what season 询问季节,均不符合语境,故选 A。 2. 答案:A 解析:“spring” 是季节,季节前用介词 in;on 用于具体日期,at 用于时刻,for 用于时间段,均不符合语境,故选 A。 3. 答案:B 解析:回答 “Once a month” 是频率,询问频率用 how often;how long 询问时间段,how soon 询问未来间隔,how much 询问数量或价格,均不符合语境,故选 B。 4. 答案:A 解析:“2015” 是过去时间点,后接过去时间点用 since;for 后接时间段,in 后接年份(表 “在 2015 年”,时态为一般过去时),on 后接具体日期,均不符合 “has worked”(现在完成时)的语境,故选 A。 5. 答案:June 12th /the 12th of June 解析:日期表达需用 “月 + 日(序数词)” 或 “the + 日(序数词)+of + 月”,“12 日” 的序数词是 12th,故填 June 12th 或 the 12th of June。 6. 答案:B 解析:回答 “800 yuan” 是价格,询问价格用 how much;how many 询问可数名词数量,how long 询问时间段,how old 询问年龄,均不符合语境,故选 B。 7. 答案:C 解析:“last term”(上学期)是过去时间,时态为一般过去时,teach 的过去式是 taught;A 是原形,B 是第三人称单数,D 是一般将来时,均不符合时态,故选 C。 8. 答案:B 解析:“the morning of May 1st” 是带具体日期的上午,前用介词 on;in 用于无修饰的上午,at 用于时刻,for 用于时间段,均不符合语境,故选 B。 9. 答案:A 解析:回答 “10 minutes' walk”(10 分钟步行路程)是距离,询问距离用 how far;how long 询问时间段或长度,how often 询问频率,how soon 询问未来间隔,均不符合语境,故选 A。 10. 答案:a quarter to ten 解析:“9:45” 分钟 = 45>30,逆读法为 “(60-45)+to+(9+1)”,即 fifteen to ten,也可简化为 a quarter to ten(15 分钟 = a quarter),故填 a quarter to ten。 四、强化训练答案与解析(满分 100 分) (一)单项选择题(每题 4 分,共 40 分) 1. 答案:C 解析:询问日期可用 when(涵盖时间范围广,可直接回答具体日期);what time 询问时刻,what date 需搭配 “is today”(如 What date is today?),what season 询问季节,均不符合语境,故选 C。 2. 答案:B 解析:“7:00 a.m.” 和 “10:00 p.m.” 均是具体时刻,时刻前用介词 at;in 用于年 / 月 / 季节,on 用于具体日期,均不符合语境,故选 B。 3. 答案:A 解析:“books” 是可数名词复数,询问数量用 how many;how much 询问不可数名词数量或价格,how long 询问时间段,how often 询问频率,均不符合语境,故选 A。 4. 答案:B 解析:“five years” 是时间段,后接时间段用 for;since 后接过去时间点,in 后接年份 / 月份,on 后接具体日期,均不符合 “has lived”(现在完成时,表持续时长)的语境,故选 B。 5. 答案:C 解析:回答 “Once a month” 是频率,询问频率用 how often;how long 询问时间段,how soon 询问未来间隔,how much 询问数量或价格,均不符合语境,故选 C。 6. 答案:B 解析:“the afternoon of June 20th” 是带具体日期的下午,前用介词 on;in 用于无修饰的下午,at 用于时刻,for 用于时间段,均不符合语境,故选 B。 7. 答案:B 解析:回答 “120 yuan” 是价格,询问价格用 how much;how many 询问可数名词数量,how long 询问时间段,how old 询问年龄,均不符合语境,故选 B。 8. 答案:C 解析:“yesterday”(昨天)是过去时间,时态为一般过去时,go 的过去式是 went;A 是原形,B 是第三人称单数,D 是一般将来时,均不符合时态,故选 C。 9. 答案:B 解析:“for three months” 是时间段,buy 是短暂性动词,不可与时间段连用,需用延续性动词 have;时态为现在完成时,故填 have; had,选 B。 10. 答案:A 解析:“赶去上课” 说明时刻接近上课时间(通常为 8:00),A 选项 “ten to eight”(7:50)符合语境;B 是 9:52,C 是 8:10(已过上课时间),D 是 10:08,均不符合,故选 A。 (二)填空题(每空 3 分,共 30 分) 11. 答案:Monday, May 6th / Monday, the 6th of May 解析:星期与日期结合的规范表达为 “星期 +,+ 月 + 日(序数词)” 或 “星期 +,+the + 日(序数词)+of + 月”,“6 日” 的序数词是 6th,故填 Monday, May 6th 或 Monday, the 6th of May。 12. 答案:since 解析:“1980” 是过去时间点,现在完成时(has worked)后接过去时间点用 since,故填 since。 13. 答案:What time / When 解析:回答 “At 9:30 p.m.” 是时刻,询问时刻用 what time 或 when,故填 What time / When。 14. 答案:twelve;twelfth 解析:第一空表 “12 个月份”,用基数词 twelve;第二空表 “第十二个月份”,用序数词 twelfth,故填 twelve;twelfth。 15. 答案:How long 解析:回答 “about 500 meters long” 是长度,询问长度用 how long,故填 How long。 16. 答案:in 解析:“two weeks” 表 “两周后”(未来时间),未来时间段前用 in,故填 in。 17. 答案:How many 解析:“apples” 是可数名词复数,询问数量用 how many,故填 How many。 18. 答案:a quarter past three 解析:“3:15” 分钟 = 15≤30,逆读法为 “fifteen past three”,可简化为 a quarter past three,故填 a quarter past three。 19. 答案:How long 解析:回答 “about two hours” 是时间段,询问 “花费多久” 用 how long,故填 How long。 20. 答案:in 解析:“2000” 是年份,年份前用介词 in,故填 in。 (三)句型转换与翻译(每题 5 分,共 30 分) 21. 答案:He gets up at a quarter to seven every morning, and then he goes to the park to run. 解析:“6 点 45 分” 逆读法为 a quarter to seven;“起床” 用 gets up(主语 he,第三人称单数);“去公园跑步” 用 goes to the park to run,时态为一般现在时(表日常习惯)。 22. 答案:How often do they usually go to the supermarket? 解析:对 “once a week”(频率)提问用 how often,主语是 they,谓语是 go,加助动词 do,语序为 “how often+do + 主语 + 谓语”,故填 How often do they usually go to the supermarket? 23. 答案:How many hours do you spend on reading every day? You should read more. 解析:“hours” 是可数名词复数,询问数量需用 how many,故将 how much 改为 how many。 24. 答案:I have been learning to play the piano since last September, and I have been learning it for eight months. 解析:“从去年九月” 用 since last September,“学习弹钢琴” 是持续的动作,用现在完成进行时 have been learning to play the piano;“八个月” 用 for eight months,保持时态一致。 25. 答案:Where will you have a picnic next Sunday? 解析:对 “in the park”(地点)提问用 where,主语是 we,改为 you(疑问句礼貌转换),谓语是 will have,语序为 “where+will + 主语 + 谓语”,故填 Where will you have a picnic next Sunday? 26. 答案:I have had this new phone for three months. It works very well. 解析:buy 是短暂性动词,不可与 for three months(时间段)连用,需改为延续性动词 have,现在完成时为 have had,故将 bought 改为 had。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit6语法:时间表达法 & 特殊疑问句(重难点、易错点+真题+强训)-2025-2026学年人教版(2024)七年级上册
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Unit6语法:时间表达法 & 特殊疑问句(重难点、易错点+真题+强训)-2025-2026学年人教版(2024)七年级上册
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Unit6语法:时间表达法 & 特殊疑问句(重难点、易错点+真题+强训)-2025-2026学年人教版(2024)七年级上册
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