内容正文:
译林五上 知识讲义
Unit 4 Hobbies第一部分 知识梳理
语音
字母 y 在单词的最前面,y 发辅音 /j/:year your yellow yes you young yeah
【小试牛刀】
一、选出画线部分发音与其余不同的单词。
( ) 1. A. year B. yellow C. Family
( ) 2. A. put ` B. but C. sun
( ) 3. A. some B. mother C. box
( ) 4. A. use B. under C. excuse
( ) 5. A. yellow B. show C. flower
词汇
类别
序号
单词
音标
释义
四会单词
1
read
/ri:d/
读,阅读
2
story
/'stɔ:rɪ/
故事
3
dance
/dɑ:ns/
跳舞
4
sing
/sɪŋ/
唱歌
三会单词
1
hobby
/'hɒbɪ/
爱好
2
with
/wɪð/
和……一起
3
also
/'ɔ:lsəʊ/
也
4
both
/bəʊθ/
(两者)都
5
group
/gru:p/
组
6
about
/ə'baʊt/
关于
7
idea
/aɪ'dɪə/
主意
8
ice
/aɪs/
冰
9
hole
/həʊl/
洞
10
wet
/wet/
湿的
11
piano
/pi'ænəʊ/
钢琴
12
all
/ɔ:l/
全都
短语
类别
序号
词组
释义
四会词组
1
be good at
擅长
2
a lot of = many = lots of
许多
3
play basketball well
打篮球打得好
4
be good at playing football
擅长踢足球
5
with my brother
和我哥哥/弟弟一起
6
sing and dance
唱歌跳舞
7
like playing football
喜欢踢足球
8
like playing table tennis
喜欢打乒乓球
9
like dancing
喜欢跳舞
10
read stories
读故事
11
have a lot of books
有许多书
12
like reading books
喜欢读书
13
like singing
喜欢唱歌
14
both like swimming
(两者)都喜欢游泳
15
draw in the park
在公园里画画
16
skate very well
溜冰溜得很棒
三会词组
1
play the piano
弹钢琴
2
watch films
看电影
3
they both like
(他)她们都喜欢
4
also like
也喜欢
5
in our groups
在我们组里
6
like wearing yellow
喜欢穿黄色衣服
7
have yellow shoes
有黄色的鞋子
8
like climbing
喜欢爬山
9
talk about their hobbies
谈论他们的爱好
10
have an idea
有个主意
11
a great idea
一个很棒的主意
12
skate on the ice
在冰上溜冰
13
be really good at skating
真的擅长溜冰
14
a hole in the ice
冰里的一个洞
15
look out = be careful
小心
16
cold and wet
又冷又湿
17
your friends’ hobbies
你朋友们的爱好
18
like doing sth.
喜欢做某事
句型
类别
序号
句型
释义
四会句型
1
I like playing basketball and football.
我喜欢打篮球和踢足球。
2
I can play basketball well, but I am not good at football.
我篮球打得好,但是我不善于踢足球。
3
I usually draw in the park with my brother Tim.
我通常和我的弟弟蒂姆一起在公园里画画。
4
She likes reading stories.
她喜欢读故事。
5
She has a lot of books.
她有许多的书。
6
Su Hai likes dancing and drawing.
苏海喜欢跳舞和画画。
7
— What do you/ they like doing? — I(We)/ They like…
—你(你们)/ 他们喜欢干什么? —我(我们)/ 他们喜欢……
8
— What does he/ she like doing? — He/ she likes…
—他/ 她喜欢干什么? —他/ 她喜欢……
9
We all like swimming.
我们都喜欢游泳。
10
Helen likes reading too. = Helen also likes reading.
海伦也喜欢阅读。
11
You’re really good at skating.
你(你们)真的很擅长溜冰。
12
— What do you like doing in winter? — I like skating.
—你在冬天喜欢干什么? —我喜欢溜冰。
三会句型
1
I have many hobbies.
我有许多的爱好。
2
She also likes playing the piano.
她也喜欢弹钢琴。
3
Su Yang likes watching films.
苏阳喜欢看电影。
4
They both like swimming.
他们都喜欢游泳。
5
Do you like wearing yellow?
你喜欢穿黄色衣服吗?
6
We all like climbing very much.
我们都十分喜欢爬山。
7
Let’s go skating this afternoon.
我们下午去溜冰吧。
8
That’s a good idea.
那是一个好主意。
9
There is a hole in the ice.
在冰上有一个洞。
10
Look out!
小心!
11
Billy is cold and wet.
比利又冷又湿。
12
My mother and I both like going shopping.
我妈妈和我都喜欢去购物。
第二部分 语法精讲
语法1:一般现在时的用法
一、定义
表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作(有时间规律发生的事件)的一种时间状态。
二、时间状语
always 总是,often 经常,usually 通常,sometimes 有时,every day 每天,in the morning 在早上,on Sundays 在周日。
如:
- We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们周一到周五上学。
- He often does his homework in the evening. 他经常在晚上做家庭作业
三、基本用法
1. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
2. 表示客观真理、客观存在和科学事实。
3. 表示格言或警句。
4. 表示现在时刻的状态、能力、性格和个性。
5. 在时间和条件状语从句中代表一般将来时。
6. 在某些以 here,there 开头的句子中,用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。
四、一般现在时的句式结构
1. 当主语是第三人称单数时,动词变成相应的第三人称单数形式
- 肯定句:主语 + 动词三单 + 其它.
- 否定句:主语 + doesn’t + 动词原形 + 其它.
- 一般疑问句:Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它?
- 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + does. 否定回答:No, 主语 + doesn’t.
2. 当主语不是第三人称单数时,动词使用原形
- 肯定句:主语 + 动词原形 + 其它.
- 否定句:主语 + don’t + 动词原形 + 其它.
- 一般疑问句:Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它?
- 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + do. 否定回答:No, 主语 + don’t.
3. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句?
五、一般现在时中的行为动词
1. 定义:除 be 动词、情态动词、助动词以外的动词,也叫实义动词。
在一般现在时中,主语是第一、二人称或第三人称复数时,动词用原形;如果主语是第三人称单数,动词后面加小尾巴 s, es 等。
2. 动词第三人称单数变化规则
(1)一般在动词词尾直接加“s”;以元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)加“y”结尾的也加“s”。如:
play — plays, like — likes, ask — asks, work — works, get — gets, look — looks, wear — wears, take — takes, enjoy — enjoys, stay — stays
(2)以“s”,“x”,“sh”,“ch”结尾加“es”,部分以“o”结尾也加“es”。如:
wish — wishes, fix — fixes, guess — guesses, pass — passes, miss — misses, watch —watches, teach — teaches, catch — catches, wash — washes, push — pushes, finish — finishes, fix — fixes, mix — mixes, do — does, go — goes
(3)以辅音字母加“y”结尾时,把“y”改成“ies”。如:
try — tries, study — studies, cry — cries, fly — flies
(4)不规则变化。如:have — has
例题解析
1. We can buy some sweets after school.(改为一般疑问句)
解析:(1)找出 be 动词或者 can,将其提前;
(2)some 变为 any;
(3)第一人称变为第二人称,we 改为 you。
答案:Can you buy any sweets after school?
2. He always goes to school on foot every day.(改为一般疑问句)
解析:(1)没有 be 动词或者情态动词,第三人称单数借助助动词 does,非第三人称单数借助动词 do,助动词放句首;
(2)将动词改为原形;
(3)其余不变,句尾问号。
答案:Does he always go to school on foot every day?
3. We can make some cakes this afternoon.(改为否定句)
解析:(1)找出 be 动词或者 can,在后面加 not。
注意:is not = isn’t,are not = aren’t,can not = cannot/can’t
(2)some 变为 any;
(3)其余不变。
答案:We cannot make any cakes this afternoon.
4. He always goes to school on foot every day. (改为否定句)
解析:(1)没有 be 动词或者 can,第三人称单数借助助动词 doesn’t,其余人称借助 don’t;将动词变为原形;
(2)some 变 any;
(3)其余不变。
答案:He doesn’t always go to school on foot every day.
【小试牛刀】
1. They cannot speak English very well.(改为肯定句)
2. Lily and Lucy go to school by bus.(改为否定句)
3. He has some sweets in the bag.(改为一般疑问句,并做否定回答)
4. She can write stories at home.(改为一般疑问句,并做否定回答)
语法2:like 的用法
用法口诀:like 一词用法多,后加名词要注意,可数名词用复数,不可数名词直接加,碰上动词加 ing,前有 would 后加 to,别忘动词用原形。
(1)表示“喜欢某一类东西”:like + 可数名词的复数 如:
I like cakes very much. 我非常喜欢蛋糕。
(2)表示“喜欢某一类东西”:like + 不可数名词 如:
I like apple juice. 我喜欢苹果汁。
(3)表示“喜欢做某事”:like + 动词-ing(动名词) 如:
I like reading books in the evening. 我喜欢在晚上看书。
【小试牛刀】
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. What _______ she like _______ (do)?
2. She _______ (like) _______ (play) the piano.
3. What _______ you like _______ (do)?
4. Mrs. Green likes _______ (swim) and _______ (dance).
5. I like _______ (apple), but I don’t like _______ (banana).
6. My friends _______ (like) _______ (eat) ice creams in summer.
7. Su Hai and Yang Ling _______ (not like) _______ (sing).
8. — What are your _______ (hobby)? — I like _______ (watch) films.
9. I _______ (not like) reading stories. But she _______ (like) reading stories.
10. Do you like _______ (go) _______ (run)?
二、按要求改写句子。
1. The girls like dancing.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________________
肯定回答和否定回答:________________________________________________
2. Nancy likes reading.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________________
肯定回答和否定回答:________________________________________________
3. David can play the violin.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________________
肯定回答和否定回答:________________________________________________
4. We can draw some pictures.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________________
肯定回答和否定回答:________________________________________________
语法3:too, either 和 also 的用法
相同点:too, either 和 also 都表示“也”。
不同点:
(1)too 放在句末。如:
He likes playing football too. 他也喜欢踢足球。
(2)either 放在句末,只用于否定句。如:
You can’t play football. I can’t play football either. 你不会踢足球,我也不会。
(3)also 在句中,一般紧靠动词。如:
She also likes playing the piano. 她也喜欢弹钢琴。
【小试牛刀】
1. I like apples, and I ______ like bananas.
A. either
B. too
C. also
2. She is a teacher, and her sister is a teacher ______.
A. also
B. too
C. either
3. My brother likes football, and he ______ likes basketball.
A. too
B. either
C. also
4. She speaks English, and she speaks French ______.
A. either
B. too
C. Also
第三部分 课后练习
一、英汉互译。
1. 善于足球
2. 唱歌跳舞
3. 有许多书
4. 喜欢读书
5. 溜冰溜得好
6. 和我弟弟一起
7. 在公园里画画
8. 喜欢游泳
9. 喜欢打篮球
10. 读故事
11. have an idea
12. Look out!
13. cold and wet
14. skate on the ice
15. talk about their hobbies
16. watch films in the evening
二、单项选择题。
( ) 1. Su Hai likes ______ on Sundays.
A. dance
B. dancing
C. dances
( ) 2. Lucy ______ a lovely rabbit.
A. don’t have
B. doesn’t have
C. doesn’t has
( ) 3. Nancy’s hobby is ______ table tennis.
A. playing the
B. play
C. playing
( ) 4. Su Hai and Su Yang ______ like playing table tennis.
A. both
B. too
C. all
( ) 5. — ______ your uncle have a car? — Yes, he ______.
A. Do, does
B. Does, does
C. is, is
( ) 6. — Do you like cooking, Helen? — ______
A. Yes, she does.
B. No, I do.
C. No, I don’t.
( ) 7. There’s a hole ______ the ice. Don’t skate ______ it.
A. on, on
B. in, in
C. in, on
( ) 8. — Would you like ______ orange juice? — No, ______.
A. any, I wouldn’t
B. any, thanks
C. some, thanks
三、从II栏中选出I栏的答句,将序号填在题前括号内。
I II
( ) 1. What do you like doing? A. Yes, they do.
( ) 2. Does the girl like singing? B. Have a try.
( ) 3. What can the boys do? C. They can skate very well.
( ) 4. Do the boys like playing basketball? D. Yes. I like making cakes.
( ) 5. There is a hole behind you. E. Look out!
( ) 6. Is she good at dancing? F. Yes, she does.
( ) 7. I can’t play football well. G. No, she isn’t.
( ) 8. Do you have any hobbies? H. I like making cakes.
四、根据中文意思将句子补充完整。
1. 王兵的妈妈喜欢写故事。
Wang Bing’s mother ______ ______ ______.
2. —你擅长弹钢琴吗? —是的。我钢琴弹得好。
— Are you ______ ______ ______ ______ ______?
— Yes, I ______ ______ ______ ______.
3. 我的弟弟有很多书。他喜欢阅读。
My brother ______ a ______ ______ books. He ______ ______.
4. 小心!冰上有个洞。
______ ______! ______ ______ a hole ______ ______ ______.
5. 她的爸爸喜欢画画,他还擅长踢足球。
Her father ______ ______ pictures, and he is also ______ at ______ football.
6. 我们是双胞胎,我爱跳舞,但她爱游泳。
We are ______. I like ______, but she ______ swimming.
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译林五上 知识讲义
Unit 4 Hobbies第一部分 知识梳理
语音
字母 y 在单词的最前面,y 发辅音 /j/:year your yellow yes you young yeah
【小试牛刀】
一、选出画线部分发音与其余不同的单词。
( ) 1. A. year B. yellow C. Family
( ) 2. A. put ` B. but C. sun
( ) 3. A. some B. mother C. box
( ) 4. A. use B. under C. excuse
( ) 5. A. yellow B. show C. flower
1. C
解析:“year”和“yellow”中字母 y 发 /j/;“Family”中字母 y 发 /ɪ/,读音不同。
2. A
解析:“but”和“sun”中字母 u 发 /ʌ/;“put”中字母 u 发 /ʊ/,读音不同。
3. C
解析:“some”和“mother”中字母 o 发 /ʌ/;“box”中字母 o 发 /ɒ/,读音不同。
4. B
解析:“use”和“excuse”中字母 u 发 /juː/;“under”中字母 u 发 /ʌ/,读音不同。
5. C
解析:“yellow”和“show”中字母组合 ow 发 /əʊ/;“flower”中字母组合 ow 发 /aʊ/,读音不同。
词汇
类别
序号
单词
音标
释义
四会单词
1
read
/ri:d/
读,阅读
2
story
/'stɔ:rɪ/
故事
3
dance
/dɑ:ns/
跳舞
4
sing
/sɪŋ/
唱歌
三会单词
1
hobby
/'hɒbɪ/
爱好
2
with
/wɪð/
和……一起
3
also
/'ɔ:lsəʊ/
也
4
both
/bəʊθ/
(两者)都
5
group
/gru:p/
组
6
about
/ə'baʊt/
关于
7
idea
/aɪ'dɪə/
主意
8
ice
/aɪs/
冰
9
hole
/həʊl/
洞
10
wet
/wet/
湿的
11
piano
/pi'ænəʊ/
钢琴
12
all
/ɔ:l/
全都
短语
类别
序号
词组
释义
四会词组
1
be good at
擅长
2
a lot of = many = lots of
许多
3
play basketball well
打篮球打得好
4
be good at playing football
擅长踢足球
5
with my brother
和我哥哥/弟弟一起
6
sing and dance
唱歌跳舞
7
like playing football
喜欢踢足球
8
like playing table tennis
喜欢打乒乓球
9
like dancing
喜欢跳舞
10
read stories
读故事
11
have a lot of books
有许多书
12
like reading books
喜欢读书
13
like singing
喜欢唱歌
14
both like swimming
(两者)都喜欢游泳
15
draw in the park
在公园里画画
16
skate very well
溜冰溜得很棒
三会词组
1
play the piano
弹钢琴
2
watch films
看电影
3
they both like
(他)她们都喜欢
4
also like
也喜欢
5
in our groups
在我们组里
6
like wearing yellow
喜欢穿黄色衣服
7
have yellow shoes
有黄色的鞋子
8
like climbing
喜欢爬山
9
talk about their hobbies
谈论他们的爱好
10
have an idea
有个主意
11
a great idea
一个很棒的主意
12
skate on the ice
在冰上溜冰
13
be really good at skating
真的擅长溜冰
14
a hole in the ice
冰里的一个洞
15
look out = be careful
小心
16
cold and wet
又冷又湿
17
your friends’ hobbies
你朋友们的爱好
18
like doing sth.
喜欢做某事
句型
类别
序号
句型
释义
四会句型
1
I like playing basketball and football.
我喜欢打篮球和踢足球。
2
I can play basketball well, but I am not good at football.
我篮球打得好,但是我不善于踢足球。
3
I usually draw in the park with my brother Tim.
我通常和我的弟弟蒂姆一起在公园里画画。
4
She likes reading stories.
她喜欢读故事。
5
She has a lot of books.
她有许多的书。
6
Su Hai likes dancing and drawing.
苏海喜欢跳舞和画画。
7
— What do you/ they like doing? — I(We)/ They like…
—你(你们)/ 他们喜欢干什么? —我(我们)/ 他们喜欢……
8
— What does he/ she like doing? — He/ she likes…
—他/ 她喜欢干什么? —他/ 她喜欢……
9
We all like swimming.
我们都喜欢游泳。
10
Helen likes reading too. = Helen also likes reading.
海伦也喜欢阅读。
11
You’re really good at skating.
你(你们)真的很擅长溜冰。
12
— What do you like doing in winter? — I like skating.
—你在冬天喜欢干什么? —我喜欢溜冰。
三会句型
1
I have many hobbies.
我有许多的爱好。
2
She also likes playing the piano.
她也喜欢弹钢琴。
3
Su Yang likes watching films.
苏阳喜欢看电影。
4
They both like swimming.
他们都喜欢游泳。
5
Do you like wearing yellow?
你喜欢穿黄色衣服吗?
6
We all like climbing very much.
我们都十分喜欢爬山。
7
Let’s go skating this afternoon.
我们下午去溜冰吧。
8
That’s a good idea.
那是一个好主意。
9
There is a hole in the ice.
在冰上有一个洞。
10
Look out!
小心!
11
Billy is cold and wet.
比利又冷又湿。
12
My mother and I both like going shopping.
我妈妈和我都喜欢去购物。
第二部分 语法精讲
语法1:一般现在时的用法
一、定义
表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作(有时间规律发生的事件)的一种时间状态。
二、时间状语
always 总是,often 经常,usually 通常,sometimes 有时,every day 每天,in the morning 在早上,on Sundays 在周日。
如:
- We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们周一到周五上学。
- He often does his homework in the evening. 他经常在晚上做家庭作业
三、基本用法
1. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
2. 表示客观真理、客观存在和科学事实。
3. 表示格言或警句。
4. 表示现在时刻的状态、能力、性格和个性。
5. 在时间和条件状语从句中代表一般将来时。
6. 在某些以 here,there 开头的句子中,用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。
四、一般现在时的句式结构
1. 当主语是第三人称单数时,动词变成相应的第三人称单数形式
- 肯定句:主语 + 动词三单 + 其它.
- 否定句:主语 + doesn’t + 动词原形 + 其它.
- 一般疑问句:Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它?
- 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + does. 否定回答:No, 主语 + doesn’t.
2. 当主语不是第三人称单数时,动词使用原形
- 肯定句:主语 + 动词原形 + 其它.
- 否定句:主语 + don’t + 动词原形 + 其它.
- 一般疑问句:Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它?
- 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + do. 否定回答:No, 主语 + don’t.
3. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句?
五、一般现在时中的行为动词
1. 定义:除 be 动词、情态动词、助动词以外的动词,也叫实义动词。
在一般现在时中,主语是第一、二人称或第三人称复数时,动词用原形;如果主语是第三人称单数,动词后面加小尾巴 s, es 等。
2. 动词第三人称单数变化规则
(1)一般在动词词尾直接加“s”;以元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)加“y”结尾的也加“s”。如:
play — plays, like — likes, ask — asks, work — works, get — gets, look — looks, wear — wears, take — takes, enjoy — enjoys, stay — stays
(2)以“s”,“x”,“sh”,“ch”结尾加“es”,部分以“o”结尾也加“es”。如:
wish — wishes, fix — fixes, guess — guesses, pass — passes, miss — misses, watch —watches, teach — teaches, catch — catches, wash — washes, push — pushes, finish — finishes, fix — fixes, mix — mixes, do — does, go — goes
(3)以辅音字母加“y”结尾时,把“y”改成“ies”。如:
try — tries, study — studies, cry — cries, fly — flies
(4)不规则变化。如:have — has
例题解析
1. We can buy some sweets after school.(改为一般疑问句)
解析:(1)找出 be 动词或者 can,将其提前;
(2)some 变为 any;
(3)第一人称变为第二人称,we 改为 you。
答案:Can you buy any sweets after school?
2. He always goes to school on foot every day.(改为一般疑问句)
解析:(1)没有 be 动词或者情态动词,第三人称单数借助助动词 does,非第三人称单数借助动词 do,助动词放句首;
(2)将动词改为原形;
(3)其余不变,句尾问号。
答案:Does he always go to school on foot every day?
3. We can make some cakes this afternoon.(改为否定句)
解析:(1)找出 be 动词或者 can,在后面加 not。
注意:is not = isn’t,are not = aren’t,can not = cannot/can’t
(2)some 变为 any;
(3)其余不变。
答案:We cannot make any cakes this afternoon.
4. He always goes to school on foot every day. (改为否定句)
解析:(1)没有 be 动词或者 can,第三人称单数借助助动词 doesn’t,其余人称借助 don’t;将动词变为原形;
(2)some 变 any;
(3)其余不变。
答案:He doesn’t always go to school on foot every day.
【小试牛刀】
1. They cannot speak English very well.(改为肯定句)
2. Lily and Lucy go to school by bus.(改为否定句)
3. He has some sweets in the bag.(改为一般疑问句,并做否定回答)
4. She can write stories at home.(改为一般疑问句,并做否定回答)
1. They can speak English very well.
解析:将否定句“cannot”改为肯定形式“can”即可。
2. Lily and Lucy don't go to school by bus.
解析:主语“Lily and Lucy”是复数,否定句借助助动词“don't”,后接动词原形“go”。
3. —Does he have any sweets in the bag? —No, he doesn't.
解析:主语“He”是第三人称单数,一般疑问句借助助动词“Does”,动词“has”还原为“have”,“some”改为“any”;否定回答用“No, he doesn't.”。
4. —Can she write stories at home? —No, she can't.
解析:含情态动词“can”的句子,一般疑问句将“can”提前;否定回答用“No, she can't.”。
语法2:like 的用法
用法口诀:like 一词用法多,后加名词要注意,可数名词用复数,不可数名词直接加,碰上动词加 ing,前有 would 后加 to,别忘动词用原形。
(1)表示“喜欢某一类东西”:like + 可数名词的复数 如:
I like cakes very much. 我非常喜欢蛋糕。
(2)表示“喜欢某一类东西”:like + 不可数名词 如:
I like apple juice. 我喜欢苹果汁。
(3)表示“喜欢做某事”:like + 动词-ing(动名词) 如:
I like reading books in the evening. 我喜欢在晚上看书。
【小试牛刀】
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. What _______ she like _______ (do)?
2. She _______ (like) _______ (play) the piano.
3. What _______ you like _______ (do)?
4. Mrs. Green likes _______ (swim) and _______ (dance).
5. I like _______ (apple), but I don’t like _______ (banana).
6. My friends _______ (like) _______ (eat) ice creams in summer.
7. Su Hai and Yang Ling _______ (not like) _______ (sing).
8. — What are your _______ (hobby)? — I like _______ (watch) films.
9. I _______ (not like) reading stories. But she _______ (like) reading stories.
10. Do you like _______ (go) _______ (run)?
二、按要求改写句子。
1. The girls like dancing.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________________
肯定回答和否定回答:________________________________________________
2. Nancy likes reading.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________________
肯定回答和否定回答:________________________________________________
3. David can play the violin.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________________
肯定回答和否定回答:________________________________________________
4. We can draw some pictures.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________________
肯定回答和否定回答:________________________________________________
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. does; doing
解析:主语“she”是第三人称单数,特殊疑问句借助助动词“does”;“like doing sth.”表示喜欢做某事,故第二空填“doing”。
2. likes; playing
解析:主语“she”是第三人称单数,谓语动词用“likes”;“like doing sth.”结构中,“play”变为“playing”。
3. do; doing
解析:主语“you”是第二人称,特殊疑问句借助助动词“do”;“like doing sth.”,故第二空填“doing”。
4. swimming; dancing
解析:“like doing sth.”,“swim”变为“swimming”,“dance”变为“dancing”。
5. apples; bananas
解析:表示喜欢某类事物,可数名词用复数,“apple”变“apples”,“banana”变“bananas”。
6. like; eating
解析:主语“My friends”是复数,谓语动词用“like”;“like doing sth.”,“eat”变为“eating”。
7. don't like; singing
解析:主语“Su Hai and Yang Ling”是复数,否定句借助“don't”,后接动词原形“like”;“like doing sth.”,“sing”变为“singing”。
8. hobbies; watching
解析:“are”后接复数名词,“hobby”变“hobbies”;“like doing sth.”,“watch”变为“watching”。
9. don't like; likes
解析:主语“I”否定句借助“don't”,后接“like”;主语“she”是第三人称单数,谓语动词用“likes”。
10. going; running
解析:“like going running”是固定表达,意为“喜欢去跑步”。
二、按要求改写句子
1. 否定句:The girls don't like dancing.
一般疑问句:Do the girls like dancing?
肯定回答和否定回答:Yes, they do. / No, they don't.
解析:主语“The girls”是复数,否定句借助“don't”;一般疑问句借助“Do”;回答时用“they”指代“The girls”。
2. 否定句:Nancy doesn't like reading.
一般疑问句:Does Nancy like reading?
肯定回答和否定回答:Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
解析:主语“Nancy”是第三人称单数,否定句借助“doesn't”,动词“likes”还原为“like”;一般疑问句借助“Does”;回答时用“she”指代“Nancy”。
3. 否定句:David can't play the violin.
一般疑问句:Can David play the violin?
肯定回答和否定回答:Yes, he can. / No, he can't.
解析:含情态动词“can”的句子,否定句在“can”后加“not”(缩写为“can't”);一般疑问句将“can”提前;回答时用“he”指代“David”。
4. 否定句:We can't draw any pictures.
一般疑问句:Can we draw any pictures?
肯定回答和否定回答:Yes, we can. / No, we can't.
解析:含情态动词“can”的句子,否定句在“can”后加“not”(缩写为“can't”),“some”改为“any”;一般疑问句将“can”提前;回答时用“we”。
语法3:too, either 和 also 的用法
相同点:too, either 和 also 都表示“也”。
不同点:
(1)too 放在句末。如:
He likes playing football too. 他也喜欢踢足球。
(2)either 放在句末,只用于否定句。如:
You can’t play football. I can’t play football either. 你不会踢足球,我也不会。
(3)also 在句中,一般紧靠动词。如:
She also likes playing the piano. 她也喜欢弹钢琴。
【小试牛刀】
1. I like apples, and I ______ like bananas.
A. either
B. too
C. also
2. She is a teacher, and her sister is a teacher ______.
A. also
B. too
C. either
3. My brother likes football, and he ______ likes basketball.
A. too
B. either
C. also
4. She speaks English, and she speaks French ______.
A. either
B. too
C. Also
1. C
解析:“also”用于句中,“too”用于肯定句句末,“either”用于否定句句末。此句是肯定句且“like”前需填“also”。
2. B
解析:肯定句句末用“too”,“also”用于句中,“either”用于否定句,故选“too”。
3. C
解析:“also”用于句中,“too”用于句末,“either”用于否定句,此处位于句中,选“also”。
4. B
解析:肯定句句末用“too”,“either”用于否定句,“Also”首字母大写不符合句中位置要求,故选“too”。
第三部分 课后练习
一、英汉互译。
1. 善于足球
2. 唱歌跳舞
3. 有许多书
4. 喜欢读书
5. 溜冰溜得好
6. 和我弟弟一起
7. 在公园里画画
8. 喜欢游泳
9. 喜欢打篮球
10. 读故事
11. have an idea
12. Look out!
13. cold and wet
14. skate on the ice
15. talk about their hobbies
16. watch films in the evening
二、单项选择题。
( ) 1. Su Hai likes ______ on Sundays.
A. dance
B. dancing
C. dances
( ) 2. Lucy ______ a lovely rabbit.
A. don’t have
B. doesn’t have
C. doesn’t has
( ) 3. Nancy’s hobby is ______ table tennis.
A. playing the
B. play
C. playing
( ) 4. Su Hai and Su Yang ______ like playing table tennis.
A. both
B. too
C. all
( ) 5. — ______ your uncle have a car? — Yes, he ______.
A. Do, does
B. Does, does
C. is, is
( ) 6. — Do you like cooking, Helen? — ______
A. Yes, she does.
B. No, I do.
C. No, I don’t.
( ) 7. There’s a hole ______ the ice. Don’t skate ______ it.
A. on, on
B. in, in
C. in, on
( ) 8. — Would you like ______ orange juice? — No, ______.
A. any, I wouldn’t
B. any, thanks
C. some, thanks
三、从II栏中选出I栏的答句,将序号填在题前括号内。
I II
( ) 1. What do you like doing? A. Yes, they do.
( ) 2. Does the girl like singing? B. Have a try.
( ) 3. What can the boys do? C. They can skate very well.
( ) 4. Do the boys like playing basketball? D. Yes. I like making cakes.
( ) 5. There is a hole behind you. E. Look out!
( ) 6. Is she good at dancing? F. Yes, she does.
( ) 7. I can’t play football well. G. No, she isn’t.
( ) 8. Do you have any hobbies? H. I like making cakes.
四、根据中文意思将句子补充完整。
1. 王兵的妈妈喜欢写故事。
Wang Bing’s mother ______ ______ ______.
2. —你擅长弹钢琴吗? —是的。我钢琴弹得好。
— Are you ______ ______ ______ ______ ______?
— Yes, I ______ ______ ______ ______.
3. 我的弟弟有很多书。他喜欢阅读。
My brother ______ a ______ ______ books. He ______ ______.
4. 小心!冰上有个洞。
______ ______! ______ ______ a hole ______ ______ ______.
5. 她的爸爸喜欢画画,他还擅长踢足球。
Her father ______ ______ pictures, and he is also ______ at ______ football.
6. 我们是双胞胎,我爱跳舞,但她爱游泳。
We are ______. I like ______, but she ______ swimming.
一.英汉互译
1. be good at football 2. sing and dance
3. have a lot of books 4. like reading books
5. skate very well 6. with my brother
7. draw in the park 8. like swimming
9. like playing basketball 10. read stories
11. 有个主意 12. 小心!
13. 又冷又湿 14. 在冰上溜冰
15. 谈论他们的爱好 16. 晚上看电影
二、单项选择题
1. B
解析:“like doing sth.”表示喜欢做某事,“dance”的动名词形式是“dancing”。
2. B
解析:主语“Lucy”是第三人称单数,否定句借助助动词“doesn’t”,后接动词原形“have”。
3. C
解析:“is”后接动名词作表语,“play table tennis”中间不加“the”,故选“playing”。
4. A
解析:“both”表示“两者都”,用于苏海和苏阳两人;“too”用于句末,“all”用于三者及以上。
5. B
解析:主语“your uncle”是第三人称单数,一般疑问句借助助动词“Does”,肯定回答用“Yes, he does.”。
6. C
解析:“Do you…?”的否定回答是“No, I don’t.”,A选项人称错误,B选项逻辑矛盾。
7. C
解析:“洞在冰里”用“in the ice”,“在冰上滑冰”用“skate on the ice”。
8. C
解析:“Would you like some…?”用于请求或建议,否定回答用“No, thanks.”。
三、从II栏中选出I栏的答句
1. H
解析:询问喜欢做什么,回答“I like making cakes.”。
2. F
解析:“Does the girl…?”的肯定回答是“Yes, she does.”。
3. C
解析:询问男孩们能做什么,回答“They can skate very well.”。
4. A
解析:“Do the boys…?”的肯定回答是“Yes, they do.”。
5. E
解析:“There is a hole behind you.”提示“小心”,对应“Look out!”。
6. G
解析:“Is she…?”的否定回答是“No, she isn’t.”。
7. B
解析:“I can’t play football well.”可建议“Have a try.”。
8. D
解析:询问是否有爱好,回答“Yes. I like making cakes.”。
四、根据中文意思将句子补充完整
1. likes writing stories
2. good at playing the piano; play the piano well
3. has; lot of; likes reading
4. Look out; There is; on the ice
5. likes drawing; good; playing
6. twins; dancing; likes
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