内容正文:
UNIT 1 Food matters- Reading 词汇同步笔记
序号
单词
派生词
核心考点
单词速记
例句
1
mood /muːd/ n. 情绪,心情;气氛,氛围
moody /ˈmuːdi/ adj. 情绪多变的
1. in a good/bad mood(心情好/坏)2. change one's mood(改变情绪)
日常场景联想:“心情”是日常高频词,结合“情绪好坏”记忆
She is in a good mood today because she got an A in the exam.(她今天心情好,因为考试得了A。)
2
combination /ˌkɒmbɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 结合体,联合体;联合,混合
combine /kəmˈbaɪn/ v. 结合;联合
1. in combination with(与……结合)2. a combination of(……的结合体)
词根联想:“combine(结合,动词)+ -ation(名词后缀)”,即“结合的结果”
The combination of hard work and talent led to his success.(努力与天赋的结合让他取得了成功。)
3
do the trick 奏效,起作用,达到目的
无(短语)
do the trick for sb/sth(对某人/某物起作用)
比喻记忆:“trick”有“窍门”义,“找到窍门”即“达到目的”
A few drops of lemon juice should do the trick to remove the stain.(几滴柠檬汁应该能去除污渍。)
4
creamy /ˈkriːmi/ adj. 含奶油的;像奶油的,光滑细腻的
cream /kriːm/ n. 奶油;adj. 奶油色的
1. creamy soup(奶油汤)2. creamy skin(光滑细腻的皮肤)
词根联想:“cream(奶油)+ -y(形容词后缀)”,表“有奶油特质的”
This creamy chocolate cake is my favorite dessert.(这款奶油巧克力蛋糕是我最爱的甜点。)
5
flavour /ˈfleɪvə(r)/ (AmE flavor) n. 味,味道;特点 vt. 给…调味
flavoured /ˈfleɪvəd/ adj. 调味的
1. a strong flavour(浓烈的味道)2. flavour sth with sth(用某物给某物调味)
饮食场景联想:“味道”是饮食相关核心词,区分名词“味道”和动词“调味”
She flavoured the noodles with some soy sauce.(她用酱油给面条调味。)
6
greedily /ˈɡriːdɪli/ adv. 贪婪地,贪心地
greedy /ˈɡriːdi/ adj. 贪婪的
1. eat greedily(贪婪地吃)2. stare greedily(贪婪地盯着)
后缀联想:“greedy(贪婪的,形容词)+ -ly(副词后缀)”,表“贪婪的状态”
The little boy ate the candies greedily as soon as he got them.(小男孩一拿到糖果就贪婪地吃了起来。)
7
gently /ˈdʒentli/ adv. 轻柔地,温和地
gentle /ˈdʒentl/ adj. 轻柔的;温和的
1. touch gently(轻柔地触摸)2. speak gently(温和地说话)
后缀联想:“gentle(轻柔的,形容词)+ -ly(副词后缀)”,表“轻柔的方式”
She gently brushed the hair off the baby's forehead.(她轻柔地拂去宝宝额头上的头发。)
8
dessert /dɪˈzɜːt/ n. (饭后)甜点,甜食
无
1. after-dinner dessert(饭后甜点)2. sweet dessert(甜甜点)
易混区分:与“desert(/ˈdezət/ n. 沙漠)”区分,“dessert”双s表“甜点”
We had ice cream and fruit for dessert last night.(昨晚我们的甜点是冰淇淋和水果。)
9
association /əˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃn/ n. 联想,联系;协会,社团
associate /əˈsəʊsieɪt/ v. 联系;联想
1. in association with(与……合作/关联)2. association between A and B(A与B的联系)
词根联想:“associate(联系,动词)+ -ion(名词后缀)”,即“联系的行为或组织”
She has a strong association between the song and her childhood memories.(她把这首歌和童年回忆紧密联系在一起。)
10
vary /ˈveəri/ vi. (根据情况)变化,变更;相异 vt. 变更
various /ˈveəriəs/ adj. 各种各样的
1. vary from...to...(从……到……变化)2. vary in sth(在某方面不同)
同义联想:“vary=change”,侧重“因情况不同而变化”
The prices of vegetables vary from season to season.(蔬菜价格随季节变化。)
11
link /lɪŋk/ vt. 联系,连接 n. 联系,纽带
无
1. link A to B(把A和B联系/连接起来)2. a link between A and B(A与B的联系)
场景联想:“链接”“纽带”是常见义,结合“网络链接”“人际关系纽带”记忆
Scientists have linked smoking to several serious diseases.(科学家已将吸烟与多种严重疾病联系起来。)
12
emotion /ɪˈməʊʃn/ n. 情感,强烈的感情,情绪
emotional /ɪˈməʊʃənl/ adj. 情感的;情绪的
1. strong emotions(强烈的情感)2. control one's emotions(控制情绪)
日常联想:“情绪”“情感”是心理活动核心词,如“开心、悲伤”等
She couldn't hold back her emotions when she heard the good news.(听到好消息时,她忍不住激动的情绪。)
13
saucer /ˈsɔːsə(r)/ n. 碟状物,茶碟,茶托
无
1. a cup and saucer(一套杯碟)2. put the cup on the saucer(把杯子放在茶碟上)
物品联想:“茶碟”是杯子的配套用品,结合“茶具”场景记忆
She placed the coffee cup carefully on the saucer to avoid spilling.(她把咖啡杯小心地放在茶碟上,以防洒出来。)
14
vinegar /ˈvɪnɪɡə(r)/ n. 醋
无
1. soy sauce and vinegar(酱油和醋)2. add a little vinegar(加一点醋)
饮食联想:“醋”是烹饪常用调料,结合“凉拌菜、调味”场景记忆
Add a little vinegar to the salad to make it more refreshing.(往沙拉里加一点醋,会更爽口。)
15
native /ˈneɪtɪv/ n. 本地人;出生于某地的人 adj. 本地的;土著的
无
1. native language(母语)2. a native of sth(某地人)
身份/地域联想:“本地人”“母语”是核心搭配,如“他是北京人”即“a native of Beijing”
He is a native of Shanghai, so he speaks Shanghai dialect fluently.(他是上海人,上海话说得很流利。)
16
salty /ˈsɔːlti/ adj. 咸的,含盐的
salt /sɔːlt/ n. 盐;v. 加盐
1. salty food(咸的食物)2. too salty(太咸)
后缀联想:“salt(盐,名词)+ -y(形容词后缀)”,表“有盐味的”
The soup is too salty; can you add some water to it?(汤太咸了,能加点水吗?)
17
sour /ˈsaʊə(r)/ adj. 酸的;馊的 vi. & vt. (使)变味
无
1. sour taste(酸味)2. sour milk(酸牛奶,变质的牛奶)
食物联想:“柠檬是酸的”“牛奶变质会变酸”,结合具体食物记忆
The orange is a bit sour, but it's rich in vitamin C.(这个橘子有点酸,但富含维生素C。)
18
cry out for 迫切需要
无(短语)
sth cries out for sth(某物迫切需要某物)
比喻记忆:“哭喊着要”即“迫切需要”,形象表“需求紧急”
The old building is in bad condition and cries out for repair.(这栋老楼状况很差,迫切需要修缮。)
19
relieve /rɪˈliːv/ vt. 解除,减轻;缓和,缓解
relief /rɪˈliːf/ n. 缓解;减轻
1. relieve pain(减轻疼痛)2. relieve stress(缓解压力)
场景联想:“缓解疼痛、压力”是常见搭配,如“药物缓解头痛”
This medicine can relieve your headache in 15 minutes.(这种药15分钟内就能缓解你的头痛。)
20
bond /bɒnd/ n. 纽带,联系;连接,结合
无
1. the bond between A and B(A与B间的纽带)2. form a strong bond(形成牢固的联系)
关系联想:“母子纽带”“朋友间的联系”是核心场景,表“紧密的关联”
Shared hobbies have formed a strong bond between the two friends.(共同的爱好让这两位朋友形成了牢固的联系。)
21
security /sɪˈkjʊərəti/ n. 安全;保护措施;保安部门
secure /sɪˈkjʊə(r)/ adj. 安全的;v. 保护
1. national security(国家安全)2. security measures(安全措施)
词根联想:“secure(安全的,形容词)+ -ity(名词后缀)”,即“安全的状态或措施”
The school has taken strict security measures to protect students.(学校采取了严格的安全措施保护学生。)
22
generate /ˈdʒenəreɪt/ vt. 产生,引起
generation /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/ n. 一代;产生
1. generate electricity(发电)2. generate interest(引起兴趣)
场景联想:“发电”“引起兴趣”是常见搭配,表“创造、引发某物”
The new solar power plant can generate enough electricity for 10,000 homes.(这座新太阳能电站能为1万户家庭供电。)
23
calorie /ˈkæləri/ n. 卡,卡路里;千卡
无
1. low-calorie food(低卡路里食物)2. calorie intake(卡路里摄入)
健康联想:“减肥、健康饮食”中常提“卡路里”,表“能量单位”
This apple has about 50 calories, so it's good for dieters.(这个苹果约含50卡路里,适合减肥的人吃。)
24
digest /daɪˈdʒest/ vt. & vi. 消化;领会 /ˈdaɪdʒest/ n. 摘要
digestion /daɪˈdʒestʃən/ n. 消化;消化能力
1. digest food(消化食物)2. reading digest(读者文摘)
多音多义区分:动词“消化”(/daɪˈdʒest/)、名词“摘要”(/ˈdaɪdʒest/),结合场景记忆
It takes about 4 hours to digest a heavy meal like steak.(像牛排这样的丰盛食物大约需要4小时消化。)
25
lower /ˈləʊə(r)/ vt. 降低,减少;放低 adj. 下面的;低洼的
无
1. lower the price(降价)2. lower one's voice(压低声音)
动作/方位联想:“降低价格、声音”是动词义,“下面的楼层”是形容词义
The store decided to lower the price of this jacket by 30%.(商店决定将这件夹克的价格降低30%。)
26
cycle /ˈsaɪkl/ n. 循环;自行车,摩托车 vi. 骑自行车
cyclist /ˈsaɪklɪst/ n. 骑自行车的人
1. the cycle of life(生命周期)2. cycle to work(骑自行车上班)
多义联想:“循环”是抽象义,“自行车”是具体义,结合“日常通勤、自然循环”记忆
He cycles to work every day to save money and keep fit.(他每天骑自行车上班,既省钱又健身。)
27
enhance /ɪnˈhɑːns/ vt. 提高,增强
enhancement /ɪnˈhɑːnsmənt/ n. 提高;增强
1. enhance one's confidence(增强信心)2. enhance the quality(提高质量)
场景联想:“提升能力、质量”是核心搭配,如“学习提升词汇量”
Reading English novels regularly can enhance your vocabulary.(定期读英语小说能提升你的词汇量。)
28
throw oneself into 投身于,热衷于
无(短语)
throw oneself into sth(投身于某事,如工作、爱好)
动作比喻:“把自己投入到某事中”,形象表“全身心专注”
After retiring, she threw herself into volunteer work at the community.(退休后,她全身心投入社区的志愿工作。)
29
boil /bɔɪl/ vt. & vi. 用沸水煮; (使)沸腾
boiling /ˈbɔɪlɪŋ/ adj. 沸腾的;炎热的
1. boil water(烧水)2. boiling point(沸点)
饮食/物理联想:“烧水沸腾”是日常场景,“沸点”是物理概念
Boil the water for 5 minutes before using it to make tea.(泡茶前先把水烧开5分钟。)
30
fry /fraɪ/ vt. & vi. 油炸,油煎
fried /fraɪd/ adj. 油炸的
1. fry eggs(煎蛋)2. fried chicken(炸鸡)
饮食联想:“煎、炸”是常见烹饪方式,结合“早餐煎蛋、快餐炸鸡”记忆
My mom usually fries some potatoes for breakfast.(我妈妈早餐通常会煎一些土豆。)
31
steak /steɪk/ n. 牛排;肉排,肉块
无
1. beef steak(牛排)2. medium-rare steak(三分熟牛排)
饮食联想:“牛排”是西餐常见食物,结合“烹饪熟度”记忆
He ordered a medium-rare beef steak in the western restaurant.(他在西餐厅点了一份三分熟的牛排。)
32
pan /pæn/ n. 平锅,平底锅
无
1. frying pan(煎锅)2. cook in a pan(用平底锅烹饪)
厨具联想:“平底锅”是厨房常用工具,搭配“煎、炒”等烹饪动作
She cooked the vegetables in a small pan over low heat.(她用小平底锅小火炒蔬菜。)
33
impress /ɪmˈpres/ vt. & vi. 使钦佩,留下深刻印象;使意识到
impression /ɪmˈpreʃn/ n. 印象;感想
1. impress sb with sth(用某事给某人留下印象)2. make a good impression(留下好印象)
社交联想:“给人留下印象”是社交场景核心,如“面试留下好印象”
Her clear speech and confident manner impressed all the interviewers.(她清晰的表达和自信的态度给所有面试官留下了深刻印象。)
34
buffet /ˈbʊfeɪ/ n. 自助餐
无
1. a buffet dinner(自助晚餐)2. hotel buffet(酒店自助餐)
饮食场景联想:“自助餐”是常见餐饮形式,结合“聚会、酒店”场景记忆
We had a buffet at the hotel for the company's anniversary party.(公司周年庆派对在酒店吃自助餐。)
35
bay /beɪ/ n. (海或湖的)湾
无
1. Hangzhou Bay(杭州湾)2. by the bay(在海湾边)
地理联想:“海湾”是地理概念,结合“知名海湾(如杭州湾、渤海湾)”记忆
The small village by the bay is famous for its fresh seafood.(海湾边的小村庄以新鲜海鲜闻名。)
36
scenery /ˈsiːnəri/ n. 风景,景色;舞台布景
无
1. beautiful scenery(美丽的风景)2. natural scenery(自然风光)
不可数名词注意:“scenery”表“整体风景”,不可数,不能加s
We stopped several times to enjoy the beautiful natural scenery during the trip.(旅行途中我们停了好几次,欣赏美丽的自然风光。)
37
bet /bet/ n. 打赌,赌注;预计 vi. & vt. (bet, bet) 打赌;敢说
无
1. make a bet(打赌)2. I bet...(我敢说……,表推测)
口语联想:“打赌”或口语中表“肯定推测”,如“我敢说他会来”
I bet he will win the game because he has been practicing hard.(我敢说他会赢这场比赛,因为他一直在刻苦练习。)
38
atmosphere /ˈætməsfɪə(r)/ n. 气氛,氛围;大气;空气
atmospheric /ˌætməsˈferɪk/ adj. 大气的;氛围的
1. friendly atmosphere(友好的气氛)2. atmospheric pressure(大气压力)
多义联想:“氛围”是抽象义(如聚会氛围),“大气”是科学义(如大气压)
The warm and lively atmosphere at the party made everyone feel happy.(派对上温暖热闹的氛围让每个人都很开心。)
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