专题05 七选五（期中真题汇编，浙江专用）高一英语上学期

send them bout t专题05 七选五 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 (23-24高一上•浙江杭州学军•期中) Guide for Teenagers The teenage years can be tough, and it’s normal to feel sad every now and then. But if these feelings don’t go away or become so intense that you can’t handle them, you may be suffering from depression. 1 Try not to isolate yourself When you’re depressed, you may not feel like seeing anybody or doing anything. If you just stay in bed all day and isolate yourself, you will feel more depressed. 2 . Thus, please spend more time with friends, especially those who are active. Keep your body healthy Making healthy lifestyle choices can do wonders for your mood. Ever heard of a “runnershigh”? Physical activity can be as effective as medications for depression, so get involved in sports, ride your bike, or take a dance class. Any activity helps! 3 . As for food, make sure you’re feeding your mind with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Avoid alcohol and drugs You maybe try drinking or use drugs in an effort to escape from your feelings and get a “mood boost”, even if just for a short time. However substance use can not only make depression worse, but can cause you to become more depressed. 4 . You will need special treatment for your substance problem. 5 Stress and worry can lead to depression. Talk to a teacher if exams or classes seem overwhelming. In addition, if you have a health concern you feel you can’t talk to your parents about, see a doctor. A health professional can help you approach your parents and guide you toward appropriate treatment. If you’re dealing with relationship, friendship, or family problems, talk to an adult you trust. A．Ask for help if you are stressed. B．Even a short walk can be beneficial. C．Turn to your parents for help. D．But as you get out into the world, you may find yourself feeling better. E．In short, drinking and taking drugs will make you feel worse-not better-in the long run. F．The more exercise you do, the healthier you will be. G．Help is available and you have more power than you think. Passage 2 (24-25高一上•浙江台金七校•期中) Without adult guidance, most teenagers would spend almost all of their waking hours behind a screen. Whether they’ re texting on their smartphones or watching videos on their laptops, their screen use can easily get out of control. And for parents, getting your teens to put away their smartphones and other electronics (电子产品) can really be a challenge. 1 Make screen time a privilege (特权). One of the ways that screen time has changed over time is that what was once considered a privilege is now considered more of a right. So, parents need to make it clear that screen time is a privilege that costs effort. This may be difficult at first, but the lessons from learning to put off the satisfaction of screen time and control their desires will likely stay with your child for a long time. 2 3 Schedule a family meeting to discuss the rules of screen time use and allow your teen to express his or her ideas. Most teens aren’t mature enough to deal with what they get from their electronics, so set up rules that will keep your teen safe and help them make good choices with video games, cell phones, TVs, and computers. Two helpful rules that you might consider are having a set time when screens need to be turned off at night and taking bedrooms as no-screen-zones. Form healthy habits together. It can be helpful to have screen time limits that everyone in your family is expected to follow. Telling your teen to turn off their electronics while you’re sitting in front of the TV is likely to be less effective than letting them know that it’s time for everyone to shut down their screens. 4 Be a good role model by limiting your own screen time. Encourage physical activity. Encourage your teen to get regular exercise. Going for a walk, playing a game of catch, or doing some yard work can support your teen in getting the physical activity they need. 5 Take a moment and think of some of the activities you enjoyed growing up and don’t let your child miss out on those opportunities. A．Set up clear rules. B．Encourage screen-free mealtimes. C．Teens will learn more from what you do than what you say. D．Here are some practical strategies you can use to limit your teen’s screen time. E．It’s a great way to ensure that everyone can still enjoy plenty of activities without electronics. F．Finding activities that you’re able to enjoy as a family can also help your teen to experience activities as more social and fun. G．Also, be sure that your teen is aware of what behavior can result in their privilege of screen time being taken away. Passage 3 (24-25高一上·浙江9+1联盟·期中) Cycling Many people enjoy cycling as a hobby. Cycling is an activity that can be enjoyed by people of all ages and it is one of the most popular forms of exercise in the world. 1 When you are cycling, every one of your muscles (肌肉) is doing something. This hobby can make your body do all the exercise to stay fit. Techniques Techniques for cycling vary greatly depending on the type of cycling involved. Sprint (冲刺) cycling is a lot like sprint running and a lot of the muscles activities are involved. 2 They give a large amount of pressure on the bicycle pedals to get them going at a fast speed. For distance cycling, the most important is endurance (耐力) and many top class distance cyclists spend many hours doing endurance leg exercises. Equipment 3 You don’t need expensive equipment to get started but, there is a minimum amount needed for your health: Helmet (头盔) — Don’t ever ride without one whether it is local law or not. Wearing a helmet can save your life, or at least make the difference between a bad headache and a severe head injury. Gloves — I have a pair of these, and you could consider them important. They absorb shock from the handles, but more importantly, if you crash, your hands are protected. Glasses — To some, these are a must. 4 Safety Always be safe on the road. Do not be daring, do not insist on the right of way, do not break traffic, and always be as visible as possible. 5 A．It is a sport that uses the whole body. B．These are a must if you ride after dark. C．For this, one needs to have strong leg muscles. D．It is important if you want to transport anything on your bike. E．They block bugs and other objects from hitting you in the eyes. F．Cycling, more than many other forms of sports, requires some necessary items. G．If you know the most common causes of accidents, you can be always careful. Passage 4 (24-25高一上·浙江宁波北仑·期中) Why is Chinese a Good Language to Learn If there’s one language in the world that’s worth learning, it’s the Chinese language. You must be wondering why. 1 Gain the job opportunities. With the steady development for decades, China has become the second largest economic power in the world while keeping closely connected with the west. 2 It helps a lot if you’re looking to work in a career that involves dealing with Chinese buyers or suppliers. Know about the history and culture. 3 In fact, China has had a significant say in the history of the world. It’s agreed that four great inventions — namely paper-making, printing, gunpowder and the compass — made their way from China to Europe via the famous Silk Road. To really understand the contribution of this part of the world and have a deep insight into the history of Asia, speaking the language can be beneficial. 4 Chinese literature, both ancient and modern, comes from an entirely different cultural background than literature written in the West. To really appreciate it, however, you have to read it in the original language. Many works of Chinese literature haven’t been translated into English, so you have no choice but to enjoy them as they stand. If you want to understand modern China, learning the Chinese language is vital. Enjoy the food. In Britain, we’re familiar with Chinese food — or at least, a Westernized version of it. By learning the Chinese language, you’ll start to understand exactly what all of those words on the menu mean. In time, you might feel more comfortable ordering something that’s a little bit less familiar. 5 A．Translate the literature. B．Appreciate the literature. C．Here come a few good reasons to learn the language. D．Therefore, the ability to speak Chinese language is pretty valuable. E．China is home to the history and culture that runs for thousands of years. F．You might even develop an appreciation for Chinese cuisine for its varieties. G．Chinese culture has had a great influence on the world for thousands of years. Passage 5 (23-24高一上·浙江9+1联盟·期中) Becoming a super learner is one of the most important skills you need to succeed in the 21st century. In the age of technological change, staying ahead depends on continual self-education - a lifelong mastery of new skills, and ideas. 1 Super learners read a lot. Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. It gives us the freedom to travel through space and time, and offers a deeper view of ideas and knowledge. In fact, many of the most successful people share this appreciation for reading. 2 Super learners view learning as a process. Learning is a journey, a discovery of new knowledge, not a destination. It's an enjoyable lifelong process that super learners value. 3 Instead, they keep mastering new principles, processes, worldviews, thinking models, etc. The “ongoing and self-motivated pursuit of knowledge is important for their growth. 4 Keeping your brain healthy keeps it sharp. What you do or don't do for your brain can significantly change how you record and process information. Everyone wants to live an active life for as long as possible, which depends on brain health. Fruit, vegetables and protein from fish can slow the decline and protect a healthy brain. Super learners take short breaks, early and often. According to recent research, taking short breaks, early and often, is likely to help you learn things better. 5 “Anything less than 30 is just not enough, but anything more than 50 is too much information for your brain to take in at one time,” they say. A．They don't have an end goal. B．Super learners have a growth mindset. C．Super learners take care of their brains. D．Experts recommend 30-50 minutes sessions. E．Better learning approaches can make the learning process enjoyable. F．If you aim to learn a new skill, some of these habits can be useful for you. G．Elon Musk grew up reading two books a day, and Bill Gates reads 50 books per year. Passage 6 (23-24高一上·浙江金华一中·期中) Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health. 1 It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases. 2 We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. 3 This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in. It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. 4 For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age. Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. 5 This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness. A．Fitness levels decide the quality of life. B．Health and fitness are interrelated to each other. C．It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind. D．For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily. E．If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner. F．There are some activities which everyone should do in our life. G．This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases. Passage 7 (23-24高一上·浙江杭四中·期中) Is your glass of milk half-full or half-empty? This saying is often used to test people’s outlook in a situation; do they focus on the positives(a half- full glass) or the negatives (a half- empty one)? 1 —and it’s known to boost your well-being. Why is thinking positively good for you? Research shows that people who are optimistic and think positively tend to experience less stress and cope well when faced with life’s challenges. People who are more pessimistic may find it hard to believe that these challenges will pass. Scientists have even found that thinking positively can make you live longer. According to Professor Tali Sharot, being optimistic about the future can make you happier and more successful. 2 Worrying is like a fire alarm. Everybody can worry from time to time. Worrying can help to keep you safe—if you were never worried and were overly positive about how things would turn out, you wouldn’t recognize risks.“ 3 It’s like a fire alarm,” says child psychotherapist RachelMelville-Thomas. “The trouble is that sometimes it goes off when there isn’t a huge danger to face.” When this happens, you can feel anxious and hopeless about what lies ahead. 4 Optimism is shaped by your genes, which carry characteristics inherited from your parents, and by what happens to you. 5 Research has shown that it can help to draw or write an outcome that’s positive —for example, an image of you playing guitar, having passed your next grade. Imagining this can motivate you to work to achieve it, such as practicing every day after school. A．Learn to think positively. B．Sometimes worrying can do harm to our health. C．The way you think positively or negatively largely depends on your genes. D．Worrying is our brain warning us that there might be something threatening. E．However, no matter your starting point, everyone can learn to become more optimistic. F．Thinking positively, with a belief that most things will turn out well, is called optimism. G．This’s because you believe your goals are achievable, which encourages you to work towards them. 主题02 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 (24-25高一上·浙江A9协作体·期中) Yard Sales The warm spring and summer weather means it’s time for yard sales. People will sort out old possessions they don’t need and spread out them across the yard or garage. Yard sales are a great way to make a little bit of money. 1 Should You Hold a Yard Sale? 2 However, there are a few qualifications for a good yard sale. First, do you have enough to sell? And second, is the quality high enough to sell? Nothing is more frustrating for someone tracking down a sale, only to find a few rugged pieces of clothing. 3 Like any business, visibility is key. If you don’t have a good location, see if a friend or family member will lend you their yard. 4 The most popular way to advertise a yard sale is through signs. To make them more effective, choosea neon or other bright color that grabs attention. And remember to only put critical information on the sign. Say, “Yard Sale”, the address, and time. Another way is to digitally advertise for your yard sale. Most communities have an online yard sale page where people sell individual objects. Dealing with Shoppers at Yard Sales You may set a certain price, but most yard sale shoppers believe that trying to talk you down is acceptable. Whether or not you agree doesn’t change the fact that they’ll do it. So what should you do? One trick may be to price all your goods a few dollars higher than you normally would. 5 A．The answer is likely yes. B．How to Advertise Yard Sales? C．How to Make Yard Sale Signs? D．Another qualification is the location. E．Be sure to get a permit before you begin. F．However, this discourages those who won’t bargain. G．It only takes a bit of planning to make the day a success. 主题03 人与自然——自然生态 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·浙江杭十四中·期中） Reading a dog’s body language requires experience and expert guidance. Zazie Todd, a dog trainer and founder of the blog Companion Animal Psychology, thinks about how to understand dogs’ behaviour. 1 They’re expecting punishment but don’t necessarily know their behavior is wrong. Alexandra Horowitz, a professor at Barnard College who researches dogs’ cognition(认知), points out the “guilty” look is linked to being scolded by the owner. If your dog licks their mouth They’re stressed. Recently, two European studies have highlighted the meaning of this licking. One found that it was a dog’s response to seeing an angry or aggressive human face on a computer screen. 2 If you spot this sign, try reducing your dog’s stress levels. It could be as simple as giving them more physical space. If there are fireworks and your dog is shaking 3 This is a common reaction, but a surprising number of people don’t realize that shaking and trembling are signs of fear. Whereas only a quarter of owners say their dog is afraid of loud noises, half report these behavioral signs. If you are at the vet and your dog’s tail is down They’re anxious. Obvious signs of an unhappy dog include hiding or trying to leave the exam room, but commonly missed triggers range from a tucked tail and lowered ears to trembling. 4 Many vets now use food to make the experience more fun. If your dog leans into you during a petting time They like it! If you’re unsure that a dog is enjoying being petted, stop, then watch their reaction. If they choose to wander off, the petting time is over. Other signs of discomfort include sniffing the floor, looking away and breathing heavily. However, if they lean on you or paw at you to get more hugs, continue! 5 A．This behavior means they like it. B．They are frightened by the noises. C．If your dog gets stressed at appointments, ask what can be done. D．If your dog looks guilty when you walk in the door and see a mess. E．Start to pet them and remain nearby so that your dog would be comforted. F．The other determined that dogs lick their mouths in response to a mild threat. G．Preferred parts on their bodies are to either side of the chest and under the chin. 主题04 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 (24-25高一上·浙江温州十校·期中) Studies continue to show how important strong friendships are to our overall health. Here’re the rules you are supposed to know to keep strong and healthy friendships. 1 Everyone needs a support network. When you consider yourself the friend of another, you’re implicitly offering to be a part of his or her support network. What’s more, without trust and honesty, there is no authenticity (真实性) to the friendship. Be all ears to your friends. Too often, we only “half hear” what others are telling us, and have a hard time making space for caring about others’ conditions. 2 If we don’t truly know what our friends need or can’t clearly express how we feel or what we need, friendships won’t survive or continue. Throw away the judgment. 3 Good friends are able to realize that everyone is human. Friends don’t have to necessarily “like” or “approve” of their friends’ choices, but good friends will accept their friends’ choices no matter what. Forgive (原谅) where you can — and seek forgiveness when you make a mess of something. No one promises to bring perfection to a relationship, so being willing to accept and forgive the weaknesses of others makes you more likely to build a lasting friendship. 4 Respect your friends and their boundaries. Everyone has a right to set up personal boundaries to feel safe and respected. Some friends may have a difficult time letting people get close to them for fear of being hurt. 5 Give them the space they need to feel comfortable, and let the relationship deepen over time. A．Don’t crowd your friends. B．Offer them what they need. C．Support, trust, and honesty are givens. D．But friendships don’t need to be perfect. E．True friends don’t judge each other’s choices. F．However, friendships require attention and care. G．It’s also important that we’re able to recognize when we make mistakes. 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 (23-24高一上·浙江杭州学军·期中) We all have to make decisions all the time, and we have many choices, ranging from tiny issues to important ones. 1 That means the skill of good decision-making counts a lot. If you would like to improve your skill of decision making, here are four suggestions for you. Don’t expect to have it all. Decisions force you to close the door on other possibilities. 2 And there will be paths not taken, careers not chosen, to name a few. You can imagine some “what if” situations if you must, but do not let them take up too much space in your brain. 3 It’s often good to think through your decisions. But don’t overdo it. Research can reach a point where returns begin to reduce, which makes it confusing more than clear. Many good decisions can be made based as much on intuition (直觉) as on careful analysis of endless data. Don’t delay making decisions. Yes, there is a time to put off making a decision. Perhaps you need more information. 4 Or it’s likely that you wait for a less stressful time. Just don’t wait so long that the decision is made by your own indecisiveness (犹豫不决). Don’t be hard on yourself. You decide to go on a voyage. You choose an expensive liner (邮轮). Everything should work out just right. Only you didn’t expect an insect that ran around on the ship, making you and your family sick for five days. 5 But please remember it is unavoidable sometimes. A．Don’t spend too much time thinking. B．Don’t rely on emotion to make decisions. C．It is an important source of information. D．You may regret making such a stupid decision. E．You can’t order every delicious dish on the menu. F．Maybe you wish to turn to your parents for advice. G．Unfortunately, people often find it hard to make decisions. Passage 2 (24-25高一上·浙江台州十校·期中) It is never too late to develop great study habits. However, starting to make some changes is hard. Even if you want to do well enough in school and improve your grades, you’re probably having trouble getting started in the first place! 1 . Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Make a schedule of your time. Then decide on good, regular time for studying. 2 , but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time. 3 . Choose one place for your regular study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable and quiet. When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate on the subject. Skim before you read. 4 . As you preview the material, you get some idea of the passage and how it is organized. Make good use of your time in class. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Taking notes helps you remember what the teacher says. Develop a good attitude to tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. 5 . Tests provide grades, but they also let you know that you need to spend more time studying. There are other skills that might help you with your study. Share with your classmates some of the skills you have found to be helpful. A．Study regularly B．Find a good place to study C．Here are several ways that can help you D．The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t worry too much about your grade E．This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems F．This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully G．Develop a positive lifestyle by setting realistic goals Passage 3 (24-25高一上·浙江宁波余姚·期中) Children experience the joy and wonder of new experiences almost daily. However, for many adults, these emotions get lost in the day to day repetition of everyday life and routine. 1 Trying new things is good for our brain. It helps us think more creatively and enhances confidence. It also helps us destress in that a new experience can help break harmful or negative routines. 2 We will consider things from new and different perspectives. It is obvious that trying new things is good for our mental health. 3 Participating in new physical activities can improve our physical fitness, boost our energy levels, and enhance our overall health. For example, trying a new sport or exercise routine can increase our flexibility and strength. Having new experiences can also have a positive impact on our social lives. 4 . When we step out of our comfort zones and engage in new activities, we· meet people with different backgrounds and perspectives, which can broaden our horizons and enrich our lives. Building new relationships can provide us with a sense of belonging. Still, it can be scary to break routine and try something totally different. 5 Start small by breaking a goal into smaller steps. And be very specific about the goal. For example, instead of aiming to work on arm strength, make a goal of doing twenty arm curls (弯曲) a day. In addition, be realistic and make sure the goal is practicable in terms of finances and free time. While it is easy to get caught up in the daily tiring activities of life, always keep in mind that doing something new can be the best thing we can do for ourselves. So we’d better make the wise choice. A．However, it is also good for our body. B．It can help us expand our social connections. C．Luckily there are practical tips to make a change. D．New experiences are critical for overcoming fears. E．Doing something new also promotes flexible thinking. F．Every new experience contributes to our personal growth. G．And yet, new experiences are vital for our overall wellbeing. Passage 4 (24-25高一上·浙江G5联盟·期中) Ever woken up from a nap feeling lost or more tired, as if you’ve forgotten which planet you’re on? 1 . It is a sign that you might go beyond your napping mark. It can slow you down in the short term and potentially affect your nighttime sleep in the long run. To avoid this and wake up refreshed, follow these principles for taking the perfect nap. Take regular naps You don’t want a casual napping schedule where you sleep “sometimes early, sometimes late, sometimes short.” So pick a time, like after lunch or in between your afternoon meetings and stick to it. 2 . If you’re napping in your car on your lunch break for example, consider bringing a pillow, an eye mask or earplugs to help boost your nap experience. 3 From the moment you wake up in the morning, sleep pressure builds in your body to push you to fall asleep again at the end of the day. Napping relieves some of that pressure, so it’s important that you nap early enough in the day for it to build back up by bedtime. If you follow a conventional nighttime sleep schedule, take a nap between noon and 3 p.m. 4 . Keep your nap brief 5 . It might be painful if you’re a fan of a long, leisurely afternoon snooze. However, the truth is that longer naps can lead to sleep inertia (睡眠惯性) more easily because you might enter deeper sleep, making it harder to wake up. If you find yourself falling asleep quickly and dipping into deep sleep with only 30 minutes of napping, that’s a sign you’re not getting enough sleep at night. If this is the case, take steps to raise the quality of your nighttime sleep. A．Nap early in the day B．Follow a nap schedule early C．A good, short nap can offer mental health benefits D．That sleepy, almost-drunk feeling is called sleep inertia E．Experts suggest keeping your naps from 10 minutes to an hour tops F．Use the same sleep environment each time and create a cosy nap space G．For people who work nights, take a nap at least 6 hours before you sleep Passage 5 (23-24高一上·浙江A9协作体·期中) Beyond Burnout(精力耗尽) America is seriously stressed out. More recently, the American Psychological Association reported that the country’s collective stress had reached worrying levels. 1 So before the stress in your life rises to that level, know there are steps you can take to prevent burnout. Look for meaning at work. You are more likely to experience burnout-causing stress when something seems out of your control, against your will, or completely meaningless. Try to find ways, even the smallest of your daily tasks improves the lives of others. 2 Then you can live with stress longer. Try to separate work and home. With the time for work and nonwork mixed up these days, research has recommended strategies you can use. 3 Use separate e-mail accounts for work and home, making a clear line between work and personal life, especially when you work from home. Don’t ignore yourself. Physical activity is necessary to remove stress hormones(荷尔蒙). Many people are less active in order to rest when under stress. 4 While you don’t have to run away from a mountain lion these days, even light activities help “complete” the stress cycle. 5 It’s very common for your boss to continue to increase tasks over time. Talk to him/her when you feel your job should be more manageable, meaningful and under your control. If you don’t communicate your needs or limits, they may be ignored. If you don’t expect things will improve, consider changing jobs. If you do feel burned out, proper treatment can help you deal with work-related stress and learn useful strategies and it can teach you to communicate with your boss and keep healthy both physically and mentally. A．It is very likely to cause burnout. B．Make an effort to find the work you like. C．Recognize when it has become too much. D．You should turn off work e-mail reminders. E．You must deal with burnout in a proper way. F．But movement is the most natural response to stress. G．It makes you believe your work has a good purpose. Passage 6 (23-24高一上·浙江杭二·期中) Why is Eating Colourful Food Good for You? Most of us are faced with the same choice numerous times a day: what to eat. Along with price, accessibility and preference, we'll often use a food's healthfulness to help us make a decision. 1 It's widely accepted by researchers that we need a varied diet. 2 Is colour the best guide to getting all the nutrients (营养)we need? The proof may be in the Mediterranean diet, which contains a lot of fruit, vegetables and healthy fats such as extra virgin olive oil, and is frequently rated the healthiest diet by scientists. Eating lots of colors may lower your risk of missing out on all important nutrients. If we’re missing a colour of the rainbow, we may be missing a function of that food, says Minich. 3 Blue and purple foods, including blueberries are linked to lowering the risk of heart disease and type 2diabetes (糖尿病).Yellow foods reduce the risk of heart disease. Tian-shin Yeh, research fellow at Harvard TH Chan School of Public: Health says eating a colourful diet can also help people avoid possible side effects of eating too much of one food.“ 4 For example, research has found that orange juice is associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline (认知衰退), but too much intake is associated with type 2 diabetes,” she says. Eating a rainbow diet may also be complex(复杂的). 5 We may find it hard to make choices. We also need to eat from other food groups to get all the nutrients we need, such as protein. A．Food is very complex. B．A varied diet is packed with different vegetables. C．It could be really tricky to get every colour every day. D．But how do we know we're getting enough nutrients? E．Different coloured foods come with different benefits. F．And one way to do this is by eating all the colors of the rainbow. G．Will a more colourful diet increase the risk of overeating unhealthy food? Passage 7 (23-24高一上·浙江宁波镇海·期中) How to Take Notes from a Textbook Be selective. You should not write down every piece of information in the book. 1 Finding the right balance of writing enough but not too much can be a challenge, but it is the key to taking effective notes. Paraphrase information from the text. 2 Paraphrasing information usually shows that you really understood what you read. It will likely be more meaningful to you later when you are reviewing your notes if you have written them in your own words. 3 Your notes may take on the form of a chart. You might draw yourself a timeline of events so that you can see the order that things happened and not just a list of events. The notes are your study aid, so it’s best to write them in a way that makes sense to you. Organize your notes in a meaningful way. Depending on the subject, you may want to organize your notes in a particular way. History notes maybe most logically taken in time order. Science notes, however, may need to be taken in a particular order that shows mastery of one concept before moving on to the next. 4 Add visual elements if it helps you. Visual learners are often helped by visual representations in their own notes. 5 You may want to draw a simple comic strip(连环漫画) to show a specific event or interaction between people. Don’t let adding visual elements distract you from the task at hand, but add visuals if it will help you remember the material more effectively. A．Use a format that works for you. B．Use tools to aid your understanding. C．You might want to write down a copy of a graph (图表) instead of writing information about it. D．Before you begin reading or taking notes, preview the chapter. E．You should write your notes in your own words. F．It’s also a good idea to separate your notes in different folders (文件夹) for each class, so they don’t get mixed up. G．Nor should you write down one fact per page, or you might end up wasting precious time. 主题02 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 (24-25高一上·浙江强基联盟·期中) How to Deal with Common Book Club Challenges Running a book club discussion can sometimes be tricky or stressful. Here are some common issues along with solutions that you can try: Challenge 1: Few members talk too much, with others participating little 1 To encourage participation from all members, you can use strategies such as inviting comments from quieter members, asking open-ended questions that draw out more than yes-or-no answers, and relating the book to personal or current issues. Challenge 2: Heated discussions or disagreements A book club discussion is not a debate or an argument. 2 Disagreements can be healthy and stimulating, but they need to be respectful and constructive. As a discussion leader, calm things down when people get upset. Just listen to what everyone thinks and find things you all can agree on. 3 Encourage people to agree to disagree (求同存异) and move on when necessary. Challenge 3: Low attendance When not everyone shows up for meetings, it can be disheartening and make discussions less lively. 4 First, use a tool like Bookclubs to remind club members about the meetings. If the meeting days aren’t good for everyone, you can survey your club members to find the best time(Bookclubs can help with this too). Or, you can set a fixed day each month, and ask members to arrange their schedules accordingly. 5 Ask the participating members of your book club to think through their acquaintances and have everyone come up with one person to invite. A．To get more people to come, consider these strategies. B．Keep the arguments focused on the book, not on each other. C．They say that preparation is the key to success, so prepare for the book club! D．If nothing seems to be working, it may be time to find a few new members. E．It’s an opportunity to learn from each other and open ourselves up to different views. F．A good book club discussion is one where everyone has a chance to share their thoughts. G．As the host, you feel responsible for making everyone feel comfortable in the conversation. Passage 2 (23-24高一上·浙江台金七校·期中) Beginning a new course, a new term, life in a new city or country, and a new household can be big adjustments, especially when your housemates may also be adjusting to many new changes too. Finding a balance of living with each other, being sociable, and respecting privacy (隐私) can make a new household even better. 1 . Respect (尊重) others’ space 2 . Respect their boundaries (边界) by giving them their breathing space when they are in their room, or trying to study. Other people may have different timetables to you, so make sure you follow the “quiet hours ”between 10 p. m. and 7 a. m.. 3 This especially applies to food! Don’t eat anything that you have not bought yourself. Decide on whether you share common household goods like milk, shampoo, and toilet paper. If you haven’t agreed to share, do not touch. Communicate Well Learn your housemates’ needs and preferences and respect them. Are they a clean freak, while you’re happy to let the dishes sit for a few days? 4 , and stick to it. It is important to remember that listening is a large part of communication. When it is your turn to talk, express your needs in a clear and kind way. We’re All In This Together Sharing houses comes with a lot of benefits. You can share great memories, the stories of your day, maybe share a monthly housemate dinner or share the load of cleaning. 5 . A．Never touch others’  food B．Never borrow without asking C．Everyone has their own privacy D．Therefore, you can start a new life E．It’s important to reach an agreement early F．The following advice is useful if you have a new household G．Shared living is best when all housemates can think of each other Passage 3 (24-25高一上·浙江杭州学军·期中) How to Become a More Social Person Socializing is generally considered a pleasant and leisurely activity. 1 Here are some ways to help you become a more social person over all. Smile. Everybody wants to be around people who are happy and excited about life. 2 Not only will it instantly make you feel better, but it will also make other people want to be around you, talk to you, and get to know you. A study shows that smiling can help improve your mood and make it easier for you to interact with others. 3 If you are at a party or other social gatherings, make sure your body language says that you want to be approached. Make eye contact with people, give them a nod, and look straight ahead instead of at your feet or the floor, which will make other people more likely to come up to you. Be genuine. 4 Being fully engaged not only shows that you are friendly, but it also makes for more stimulating and fulfilling interactions with others. Avoid texting or talking on the phone when you are in the middle of a conversation, especially if the subject matter is important. Ask people questions about themselves. Let’s face it. People love talking about themselves. And if you want to be more social and start talking to people more, then show your interest in people by asking how their day is going, how they’re feeling, and what they have coming up. 5 A．Say something nice. B．Don’t ask private questions. C．Have welcoming body language. D．However, various anxieties can make it hard to interact with others. E．Even if you don’t always feel happy, force yourself to smile now and then. F．When talking with somebody, always show a sincere interest in the conversation. G．They will show you want to open up and are waiting for people to get you talking. 试卷第14页，共33页 24 / 39 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ send them bout t专题05 七选五 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 (23-24高一上•浙江杭州学军•期中) Guide for Teenagers The teenage years can be tough, and it’s normal to feel sad every now and then. But if these feelings don’t go away or become so intense that you can’t handle them, you may be suffering from depression. 1 Try not to isolate yourself When you’re depressed, you may not feel like seeing anybody or doing anything. If you just stay in bed all day and isolate yourself, you will feel more depressed. 2 . Thus, please spend more time with friends, especially those who are active. Keep your body healthy Making healthy lifestyle choices can do wonders for your mood. Ever heard of a “runnershigh”? Physical activity can be as effective as medications for depression, so get involved in sports, ride your bike, or take a dance class. Any activity helps! 3 . As for food, make sure you’re feeding your mind with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Avoid alcohol and drugs You maybe try drinking or use drugs in an effort to escape from your feelings and get a “mood boost”, even if just for a short time. However substance use can not only make depression worse, but can cause you to become more depressed. 4 . You will need special treatment for your substance problem. 5 Stress and worry can lead to depression. Talk to a teacher if exams or classes seem overwhelming. In addition, if you have a health concern you feel you can’t talk to your parents about, see a doctor. A health professional can help you approach your parents and guide you toward appropriate treatment. If you’re dealing with relationship, friendship, or family problems, talk to an adult you trust. A．Ask for help if you are stressed. B．Even a short walk can be beneficial. C．Turn to your parents for help. D．But as you get out into the world, you may find yourself feeling better. E．In short, drinking and taking drugs will make you feel worse-not better-in the long run. F．The more exercise you do, the healthier you will be. G．Help is available and you have more power than you think. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．B 4．E 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青少年如何应对生活中的抑郁情绪。 1．根据前文“But if these feelings don’t go away or become so intense that you can’t handle them, you may be suffering from depression.(但如果这些感觉没有消失，或者变得如此强烈，以至于你无法处理它们，你可能患有抑郁症)”及下文的几个方法可知，G选项“你可以得到帮助，而且你拥有比你想象得要多的力量（去解决沮丧情绪）”表明是可以通过帮助让自己好起来的，承上启下。故选G项。 2．前文“If you just stay in bed all day and isolate yourself, you will feel more depressed.(如果你只是整天躺在床上，孤立自己，你会感到更抑郁)”表明孤立自己会让自己更抑郁，D选项“当你走进周围的世界，你也许会感觉更好些”表明外出会让自己好起来，与前文构成转折，且与下文“与朋友待在一起”意思一致。故选D项。 3．前文“Physical activity can be as effective as medications for depression, so get involved in sports, ride your bike, or take a dance class. Any activity helps! (体育活动可以像治疗抑郁症的药物一样有效，所以参加体育运动，骑自行车，或者参加舞蹈课。任何活动都有帮助)”表明体育活动对抑郁的好处，B选项“即使是短时间的散步也是有益的”同样表明体育活动的作用，且even与前一句Any activity呼应。故选B项。 4．前文“However, substance use can not only make depression worse, but can cause you to become more depressed.(然而，物质使用不仅会使抑郁症恶化，还会使你变得更加抑郁)”可知，物质使用不能解决抑郁的问题，还有可能更糟糕，E选项“简而言之，从长远来看，喝酒和使用药物会让你感觉更糟，而不是更好”为前文总结，符合本段语境。故选E项。 5．空处为小标题，后文“Stress and worry can lead to depression. Talk to a teacher if exams or classes seem overwhelming. In addition, if you have a health concern you feel you can’t talk to your parents about, see a doctor. (压力和担忧会导致抑郁。如果考试或课程让你觉得难以应付，可以和老师谈谈。此外，如果你有健康问题，你觉得你不能告诉你的父母，去看医生)”可知，本段表示压力太大要向他人求助，A选项“如果你有压力，寻求帮助”符合主旨。故选A项。 Passage 2 (24-25高一上•浙江台金七校•期中) Without adult guidance, most teenagers would spend almost all of their waking hours behind a screen. Whether they’ re texting on their smartphones or watching videos on their laptops, their screen use can easily get out of control. And for parents, getting your teens to put away their smartphones and other electronics (电子产品) can really be a challenge. 1 Make screen time a privilege (特权). One of the ways that screen time has changed over time is that what was once considered a privilege is now considered more of a right. So, parents need to make it clear that screen time is a privilege that costs effort. This may be difficult at first, but the lessons from learning to put off the satisfaction of screen time and control their desires will likely stay with your child for a long time. 2 3 Schedule a family meeting to discuss the rules of screen time use and allow your teen to express his or her ideas. Most teens aren’t mature enough to deal with what they get from their electronics, so set up rules that will keep your teen safe and help them make good choices with video games, cell phones, TVs, and computers. Two helpful rules that you might consider are having a set time when screens need to be turned off at night and taking bedrooms as no-screen-zones. Form healthy habits together. It can be helpful to have screen time limits that everyone in your family is expected to follow. Telling your teen to turn off their electronics while you’re sitting in front of the TV is likely to be less effective than letting them know that it’s time for everyone to shut down their screens. 4 Be a good role model by limiting your own screen time. Encourage physical activity. Encourage your teen to get regular exercise. Going for a walk, playing a game of catch, or doing some yard work can support your teen in getting the physical activity they need. 5 Take a moment and think of some of the activities you enjoyed growing up and don’t let your child miss out on those opportunities. A．Set up clear rules. B．Encourage screen-free mealtimes. C．Teens will learn more from what you do than what you say. D．Here are some practical strategies you can use to limit your teen’s screen time. E．It’s a great way to ensure that everyone can still enjoy plenty of activities without electronics. F．Finding activities that you’re able to enjoy as a family can also help your teen to experience activities as more social and fun. G．Also, be sure that your teen is aware of what behavior can result in their privilege of screen time being taken away. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．A 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了限制青少年屏幕时间的必要性及家长可以采取的具体措施。 1．由上文“Without adult guidance, most teenagers would spend almost all of their waking hours behind a screen. Whether they’ re texting on their smartphones or watching videos on their laptops, their screen use can easily get out of control. And for parents, getting your teens to put away their smartphones and other electronics (电子产品) can really be a challenge. (如果没有成年人的指导，大多数青少年几乎所有醒着的时间都在屏幕后面。无论他们是在智能手机上发短信还是在笔记本电脑上看视频，他们对屏幕的使用都很容易失控。对于父母来说，让你的孩子放下他们的智能手机和其他电子产品确实是一个挑战)”及下文“Make screen time a privilege (特权). (让屏幕时间成为一种特权)”可知，上文说明青少年使用屏幕设备的情况以及父母面临的挑战，下文提出解决方案，本空应该引出问题的解决方案，D选项“Here are some practical strategies you can use to limit your teen’s screen time. (这里有一些实用的策略，你可以用来限制孩子的屏幕时间)”能承上启下，引出了具体的策略，符合语境。故选D。 2．由上文“So, parents need to make it clear that screen time is a privilege that costs effort. This may be difficult at first, but the lessons from learning to put off the satisfaction of screen time and control their desires will likely stay with your child for a long time. (所以，父母需要明确屏幕时间是一种需要付出努力的特权。一开始这可能很难，但是学会推迟对屏幕时间的满足和控制他们的欲望的教训可能会伴随你的孩子很长一段时间)”可知，父母需要让孩子明白屏幕时间是有代价的，本空应进一步说明要让孩子知道哪些行为会导致失去屏幕时间的特权，G选项“Also, be sure that your teen is aware of what behavior can result in their privilege of screen time being taken away. (此外，确保你的孩子知道什么行为会导致他们的屏幕时间特权被剥夺)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 3．由下文“Schedule a family meeting to discuss the rules of screen time use and allow your teen to express his or her ideas. (安排一次家庭会议，讨论使用屏幕时间的规则，让你的孩子表达他或她的想法)”可知，下文提出了与孩子讨论屏幕时间规则的建议，本空应强调家中应制定明确的规则。A选项“Set up clear rules. (制定明确的规则)”概述了本段的核心内容，符合语境。故选A。 4．由上文“Form healthy habits together. It can be helpful to have screen time limits that everyone in your family is expected to follow. (共同养成健康的习惯。限制看屏幕的时间是有帮助的，你的家人都应该遵守)”及下文“Be a good role model by limiting your own screen time. (限制自己看屏幕的时间，做一个好榜样)”可知，本段强调家庭成员共同养成健康习惯的重要性，本空应强调父母的榜样作用，C选项“Teens will learn more from what you do than what you say. (青少年会从你做的事情中学到比你说的更多的东西)”强调了榜样的作用，能承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 5．由上文“Encourage physical activity. Encourage your teen to get regular exercise. Going for a walk, playing a game of catch, or doing some yard work can support your teen in getting the physical activity they need. (鼓励体育锻炼。鼓励你的孩子经常锻炼。出去散步，玩接球游戏，或者在院子里干点活，都可以帮助你的孩子得到他们需要的身体活动)”及下文“Take a moment and think of some of the activities you enjoyed growing up and don’t let your child miss out on those opportunities. (花点时间，想想你在成长过程中喜欢的一些活动，不要让你的孩子错过这些机会)”可知，本段鼓励家长让孩子体验体育活动的乐趣，本空应强调父母为孩子找到合适体育活动，F选项“Finding activities that you’re able to enjoy as a family can also help your teen to experience activities as more social and fun. (找到你能够作为一个家庭享受的活动也可以帮助你的孩子体验到更多的社交和乐趣)”建议寻找全家人都能享受的活动，能承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 Passage 3 (24-25高一上·浙江9+1联盟·期中) Cycling Many people enjoy cycling as a hobby. Cycling is an activity that can be enjoyed by people of all ages and it is one of the most popular forms of exercise in the world. 1 When you are cycling, every one of your muscles (肌肉) is doing something. This hobby can make your body do all the exercise to stay fit. Techniques Techniques for cycling vary greatly depending on the type of cycling involved. Sprint (冲刺) cycling is a lot like sprint running and a lot of the muscles activities are involved. 2 They give a large amount of pressure on the bicycle pedals to get them going at a fast speed. For distance cycling, the most important is endurance (耐力) and many top class distance cyclists spend many hours doing endurance leg exercises. Equipment 3 You don’t need expensive equipment to get started but, there is a minimum amount needed for your health: Helmet (头盔) — Don’t ever ride without one whether it is local law or not. Wearing a helmet can save your life, or at least make the difference between a bad headache and a severe head injury. Gloves — I have a pair of these, and you could consider them important. They absorb shock from the handles, but more importantly, if you crash, your hands are protected. Glasses — To some, these are a must. 4 Safety Always be safe on the road. Do not be daring, do not insist on the right of way, do not break traffic, and always be as visible as possible. 5 A．It is a sport that uses the whole body. B．These are a must if you ride after dark. C．For this, one needs to have strong leg muscles. D．It is important if you want to transport anything on your bike. E．They block bugs and other objects from hitting you in the eyes. F．Cycling, more than many other forms of sports, requires some necessary items. G．If you know the most common causes of accidents, you can be always careful. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．F 4．E 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文，骑自行车是一项所有年龄段的人都喜欢的活动，它是世界上最受欢迎的锻炼形式之一，本文介绍了骑行技巧、装备以及安全事项。 1．根据空后“When you are cycling, every one of your muscles (肌肉) is doing something. This hobby can make your body do all the exercise to stay fit.(当你骑自行车时，你的每一块肌肉都在做一些事情。这个爱好可以让你的身体做所有的运动来保持健康)”可知，骑自行车是一项全身运动，A项“这是一项动用全身的运动”符合语境，故选A。 2．根据上文“Sprint (冲刺) cycling is a lot like sprint running and a lot of the muscles activities are involved.(冲刺式自行车和短跑式跑步很像，都涉及到很多肌肉活动)”和下文“They give a large amount of pressure on the bicycle pedals to get them going at a fast speed.(他们在自行车踏板上施加很大的压力，使自行车以较快的速度行驶)”可知，骑自行车涉及很多肌肉活动，需要再自行车踏板上施加很大的压力，进而推知，骑自行车需要强健的腿部肌肉，C项“为此，一个人需要强壮的腿部肌肉”符合语境，故选C。 3．根据本段标题“Equipment(设备)”和本段中“Helmet(头盔)”、“Gloves(手套)”和“Glasses(眼镜)”可知，本段是关于骑行装备，F项“与许多其他运动形式相比，骑自行车需要一些必需品”符合语境，故选F。 4．上文“Glasses — To some, these are a must.(眼镜——对某些人来说，这是必需品)”提到骑行装备——眼镜，空处应是描述它们的作用，E项“它们可以防止虫子和其他物体击中你的眼睛”符合语境，故选E。 5．根据本段标题“Safety(安全)”和上文“Do not be daring, do not insist on the right of way, do not break traffic, and always be as visible as possible.(不要胆大妄为，不要坚持路权，不要破坏交通，总是尽可能显眼)”可知，本段是关于交通安全，G项“如果你知道事故最常见的原因，你就可以一直小心”与本段主题一致，总结上文，故选G。 Passage 4 (24-25高一上·浙江宁波北仑·期中) Why is Chinese a Good Language to Learn If there’s one language in the world that’s worth learning, it’s the Chinese language. You must be wondering why. 1 Gain the job opportunities. With the steady development for decades, China has become the second largest economic power in the world while keeping closely connected with the west. 2 It helps a lot if you’re looking to work in a career that involves dealing with Chinese buyers or suppliers. Know about the history and culture. 3 In fact, China has had a significant say in the history of the world. It’s agreed that four great inventions — namely paper-making, printing, gunpowder and the compass — made their way from China to Europe via the famous Silk Road. To really understand the contribution of this part of the world and have a deep insight into the history of Asia, speaking the language can be beneficial. 4 Chinese literature, both ancient and modern, comes from an entirely different cultural background than literature written in the West. To really appreciate it, however, you have to read it in the original language. Many works of Chinese literature haven’t been translated into English, so you have no choice but to enjoy them as they stand. If you want to understand modern China, learning the Chinese language is vital. Enjoy the food. In Britain, we’re familiar with Chinese food — or at least, a Westernized version of it. By learning the Chinese language, you’ll start to understand exactly what all of those words on the menu mean. In time, you might feel more comfortable ordering something that’s a little bit less familiar. 5 A．Translate the literature. B．Appreciate the literature. C．Here come a few good reasons to learn the language. D．Therefore, the ability to speak Chinese language is pretty valuable. E．China is home to the history and culture that runs for thousands of years. F．You might even develop an appreciation for Chinese cuisine for its varieties. G．Chinese culture has had a great influence on the world for thousands of years. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．E 4．B 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了学习汉语的原因及其好处。 1．前文“If there’s one language in the world that’s worth learning, it’s the Chinese language. You must be wondering why.(如果说世界上有一种语言值得学习，那就是汉语。你一定想知道为什么)”讲述了你要明白为什么汉语值得学习，后文分段讲述了学习汉语的好处，由此可知，空处应承上启下，引出学习汉语的好理由，C项“以下是学习这门语言的几个好理由。”符合题意。故选C。 2．前文“With the steady development for decades, China has become the second largest economic power in the world while keeping closely connected with the west.(经过几十年的稳步发展，中国已成为世界第二大经济体，同时与西方保持着密切联系)”讲述了中国经济发展迅速，与西方有着密切联系，空处应指出会说汉语所具有的价值，D项“因此，说中文的能力是很有价值的。”符合题意，且与下文“It helps a lot if you’re looking to work in a career that involves dealing with Chinese buyers or suppliers.(如果你想从事与中国买家或供应商打交道的事业，这会有很大帮助)”衔接顺畅，It指代选项中的“the ability to speak Chinese language”。故选D。 3．本段主旨句“Know about the history and culture.(了解历史和文化)”指出学习汉语可以帮助了解历史和文化，后文“In fact, China has had a significant say in the history of the world.(事实上，中国在世界历史上有着重要的发言权)”讲述了中国对世界历史有着重要作用，由此可知，空处应是说中国有着丰厚的历史和文化，E项“中国拥有数千年的历史和文化。”符合题意。故选E。 4．空处是本段主旨句。根据下文“To really appreciate it, however, you have to read it in the original language. Many works of Chinese literature haven’t been translated into English, so you have no choice but to enjoy them as they stand. If you want to understand modern China, learning the Chinese language is vital.(然而，要真正欣赏它，你必须用原文阅读。许多中国文学作品还没有翻译成英文，所以你别无选择，只能按原样欣赏它们。如果你想了解现代中国，学习中文至关重要)”可知，本段主要讲述了学习汉语对于欣赏中国文学作品的重要性，B项“鉴赏文学。”符合题意。故选B。 5．根据本段主旨句“Enjoy the food.(享受食物)”可知，本段主要讲述了学习汉语对享受美食的重要性。前文“In time, you might feel more comfortable ordering something that’s a little bit less familiar.(随着时间的推移，你可能会觉得点一些不太熟悉的东西会更舒服)”讲述了学习汉语后你可以慢慢点一些不太熟悉的食物，空处应进一步说学习汉语对尝试中国美食的影响，F项“你甚至可能会开始欣赏中国菜的不同品种。”符合题意，even表示递进。故选F。 Passage 5 (23-24高一上·浙江9+1联盟·期中) Becoming a super learner is one of the most important skills you need to succeed in the 21st century. In the age of technological change, staying ahead depends on continual self-education - a lifelong mastery of new skills, and ideas. 1 Super learners read a lot. Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. It gives us the freedom to travel through space and time, and offers a deeper view of ideas and knowledge. In fact, many of the most successful people share this appreciation for reading. 2 Super learners view learning as a process. Learning is a journey, a discovery of new knowledge, not a destination. It's an enjoyable lifelong process that super learners value. 3 Instead, they keep mastering new principles, processes, worldviews, thinking models, etc. The “ongoing and self-motivated pursuit of knowledge is important for their growth. 4 Keeping your brain healthy keeps it sharp. What you do or don't do for your brain can significantly change how you record and process information. Everyone wants to live an active life for as long as possible, which depends on brain health. Fruit, vegetables and protein from fish can slow the decline and protect a healthy brain. Super learners take short breaks, early and often. According to recent research, taking short breaks, early and often, is likely to help you learn things better. 5 “Anything less than 30 is just not enough, but anything more than 50 is too much information for your brain to take in at one time,” they say. A．They don't have an end goal. B．Super learners have a growth mindset. C．Super learners take care of their brains. D．Experts recommend 30-50 minutes sessions. E．Better learning approaches can make the learning process enjoyable. F．If you aim to learn a new skill, some of these habits can be useful for you. G．Elon Musk grew up reading two books a day, and Bill Gates reads 50 books per year. 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助我们成为一个超级学习者。 1．根据上文“Becoming a super learner is one of the most important skills you need to succeed in the 21st century. In the age of technological change, staying ahead depends on continual self-education - a lifelong mastery of new skills, and ideas.(要想在21世纪取得成功，成为一个超级学习者是最重要的技能之一。在技术变革的时代，保持领先取决于持续的自我教育——终身掌握新技能和新思想。)”可知，上文讲述的是成为一个超级学习者是很有必要的。而下文则介绍了如何成为一名超级学习者。选项F“If you aim to learn a new skill, some of these habits can be useful for you.(如果你的目标是学习一项新技能，其中一些习惯可能对你有用。)”承上启下，自然引出下文的好习惯。故选F。 2．根据空前内容“In fact, many of the most successful people share this appreciation for reading.(事实上，许多最成功的人都喜欢阅读。)”可知，许多成功人士都喜欢阅读。选项G“Elon Musk grew up reading two books a day, and Bill Gates reads 50 books per year.(伊隆·马斯克从小每天读两本书，比尔·盖茨每年读50本书。)”则举了两个名人的例子说明名人喜欢阅读。故选G。 3．根据下文“Instead, they keep mastering new principles, processes, worldviews, thinking models, etc. The “ongoing and self-motivated pursuit of knowledge is important for their growth. (相反，他们不断掌握新的原则、流程、世界观、思维模式等。对知识的持续和自我激励的追求对他们的成长很重要。)”中的“instead”可推断，空处内容和下文内容有转折关系。下文讲述的是超级学习者不断学习，不断成长。选项A“They don't have an end goal.(他们没有最终目标。)”与下文内容一致，指的是他们会不断进步，不断学习，不断成长。故选A。 4．空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Keeping your brain healthy keeps it sharp. What you do or don't do for your brain can significantly change how you record and process information. Everyone wants to live an active life for as long as possible, which depends on brain health. Fruit, vegetables and protein from fish can slow the decline and protect a healthy brain.(保持大脑健康能让它保持敏锐。你为大脑做什么或不做什么会显著改变你记录和处理信息的方式。每个人都希望尽可能长时间地活跃，这取决于大脑的健康。水果、蔬菜和鱼类中的蛋白质可以减缓衰退，保护健康的大脑。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是要保持大脑健康。选项C“Super learners take care of their brains.(超级学习者照顾他们的大脑。)”与下文内容一致，指的是要照顾好大脑，保持大脑健康。故选C。 5．根据上文“According to recent research, taking short breaks, early and often, is likely to help you learn things better.(根据最近的研究，尽早和经常休息一会儿，可能会帮助你更好地学习。)”可知，作者建议要尽早，经常休息。选项D“Experts recommend 30-50 minutes sessions.(专家建议每次30-50分钟。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是学习的时候要注意休息，同时内容上“30-50分钟”与下文““Anything less than 30 is just not enough, but anything more than 50 is too much information for your brain to take in at one time,” they say.(他们说：“任何少于30的学习都是不够的，但超过50的学习对你的大脑来说一次吸收的信息太多了。”)”保持一致。故选D。 Passage 6 (23-24高一上·浙江金华一中·期中) Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health. 1 It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases. 2 We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. 3 This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in. It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. 4 For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age. Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. 5 This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness. A．Fitness levels decide the quality of life. B．Health and fitness are interrelated to each other. C．It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind. D．For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily. E．If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner. F．There are some activities which everyone should do in our life. G．This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases. 【答案】1．G 2．B 3．D 4．F 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。 1．根据空前“Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，我们往往会忽视自己的健康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些疾病。)”可知身体的健康可以让我们应对各种疾病，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响。G项“This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.(这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的other diseases与空后的these diseases相互照应，符合上下文语境。故选G项。 2．根据空后“We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康。同样，如果我们是健康的，我们自然会被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，B项“Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.(健康和健身是相互关联的。)”概括全段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。 3．根据空前“Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能没有任何疾病，但身体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很虚弱，随时会生病，根据空后“This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy.(这并不一定意味着我们不健康。)”可知生病并不一定表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况下会生病这样一种状况，D项“For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感冒。)”举例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的This指代D项的we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily这种情况，符合上下文语境。故选D项。 4．根据空前“It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.(对每个人来说，花些时间在健康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方式。)”可知我们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼，F项“There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.(在我们的生活中有一些活动是每个人都应该做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。 5．根据空前“We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases.(我们每天至少应该有6到8个小时的睡眠。它有助于改善我们的免疫系统，保护我们抵抗疾病。)”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后“This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.(这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新目标。)”可知充足的睡眠会对我们的健康和健身目标很有好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足的睡眠的好处，C项“It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.(它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑。)”进一步讲了充足的睡眠对于我们的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C项。 Passage 7 (23-24高一上·浙江杭四中·期中) Is your glass of milk half-full or half-empty? This saying is often used to test people’s outlook in a situation; do they focus on the positives(a half- full glass) or the negatives (a half- empty one)? 1 —and it’s known to boost your well-being. Why is thinking positively good for you? Research shows that people who are optimistic and think positively tend to experience less stress and cope well when faced with life’s challenges. People who are more pessimistic may find it hard to believe that these challenges will pass. Scientists have even found that thinking positively can make you live longer. According to Professor Tali Sharot, being optimistic about the future can make you happier and more successful. 2 Worrying is like a fire alarm. Everybody can worry from time to time. Worrying can help to keep you safe—if you were never worried and were overly positive about how things would turn out, you wouldn’t recognize risks.“ 3 It’s like a fire alarm,” says child psychotherapist RachelMelville-Thomas. “The trouble is that sometimes it goes off when there isn’t a huge danger to face.” When this happens, you can feel anxious and hopeless about what lies ahead. 4 Optimism is shaped by your genes, which carry characteristics inherited from your parents, and by what happens to you. 5 Research has shown that it can help to draw or write an outcome that’s positive —for example, an image of you playing guitar, having passed your next grade. Imagining this can motivate you to work to achieve it, such as practicing every day after school. A．Learn to think positively. B．Sometimes worrying can do harm to our health. C．The way you think positively or negatively largely depends on your genes. D．Worrying is our brain warning us that there might be something threatening. E．However, no matter your starting point, everyone can learn to become more optimistic. F．Thinking positively, with a belief that most things will turn out well, is called optimism. G．This’s because you believe your goals are achievable, which encourages you to work towards them. 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．D 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了积极的思考带来的好处，以及怎么样学会积极的思考。 1．根据前文“This saying is often used to test people’s outlook in a situation;  do they focus on the positives(a half- full glass) or the negatives (a half- empty one)?(这句话经常被用来测试人们在某种情况下的看法；他们关注的是积极的一面(半满的杯子)还是消极的一面(半空的杯子)?)”以及后文“and it’s known to boost your well-being.(众所周知，它能促进你的健康)”可知，空处应是讲述积极的影响，所以F项“Thinking positively, with a belief that most things will turn out well, is called optimism.(积极地思考，相信大多数事情都会有好的结果，这叫做乐观主义)”符合文意。故选F项。 2．分析设空，位于段尾，应是对前文的总结，根据前文“Research shows that people who are optimistic and think positively tend to experience less stress and cope well when faced with life’s challenges.   People who are more pessimistic may find it hard to believe that these challenges will pass.   Scientists have even found that thinking positively can make you live longer.   According to Professor Tali Sharot, being optimistic about the future can make you happier and more successful.(研究表明，乐观和积极思考的人在面对生活挑战时往往会经历更少的压力，并能很好地应对。更悲观的人可能很难相信这些挑战会过去。科学家们甚至发现，积极思考可以让你活得更久。根据Tali Sharot教授的说法，对未来持乐观态度可以让你更快乐，更成功)”可知，G项“This’s because you believe your goals are achievable, which encourages you to work towards them.(这是因为你相信你的目标是可以实现的，这鼓励你朝着目标努力)”符合文意，是对前文的总结。故选G项。 3．根据前文“Everybody can worry from time to time. Worrying can help to keep you safe—if you were never worried and were overly positive about how things would turn out, you wouldn’t recognize risks.(每个人都会时不时地担心。担心可以帮助你保持安全——如果你从不担心，对事情的结果过于乐观，你就不会意识到风险)”可知，本段主要讲述了担心的好处，在根据本段小标题“Worrying is like a fire alarm.(忧虑就像火警)”，可知D项“Worrying is our brain warning us that there might be something threatening.(担心是我们的大脑警告我们可能会有威胁)”符合本段主题，其中Worrying为同词复现。故选D项。 4．分析设空，是本段的小标题，是对本段的高度概括，根据下文“Research has shown that it can help to draw or write an outcome that’s positive —for example, an image of you playing guitar, having passed your next grade.   Imagining this can motivate you to work to achieve it, such as practicing every day after school.(研究表明，画或写一个积极的结果会有所帮助——例如，你弹吉他的画面，已经通过了下一次考试。想象一下可以激励你去实现它，比如每天放学后练习)”可知，本句主要讲述了，要学会积极的想象一些事情，也就是积极地思考，所以A项“Learn to think positively.(学会积极思考)”符合文意。故选A项。 5．根据前文“Optimism is shaped by your genes, which carry characteristics inherited from your parents, and by what happens to you.(乐观是由你的基因塑造的，它带有从你父母那里遗传来的特征，也由你身上发生的事情决定)”以及后文“Research has shown that it can help to draw or write an outcome that’s positive —for example, an image of you playing guitar, having passed your next grade.   Imagining this can motivate you to work to achieve it, such as practicing every day after school.(研究表明，画或写一个积极的结果会有所帮助——例如，你弹吉他的画面，已经通过了下一次考试。想象一下可以激励你去实现它，比如每天放学后练习)”可知，E项“However, no matter your starting point, everyone can learn to become more optimistic.(然而，无论你的出发点是什么，每个人都可以学会变得更加乐观)”和前文构成转折关系，且和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。 主题02 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 (24-25高一上·浙江A9协作体·期中) Yard Sales The warm spring and summer weather means it’s time for yard sales. People will sort out old possessions they don’t need and spread out them across the yard or garage. Yard sales are a great way to make a little bit of money. 1 Should You Hold a Yard Sale? 2 However, there are a few qualifications for a good yard sale. First, do you have enough to sell? And second, is the quality high enough to sell? Nothing is more frustrating for someone tracking down a sale, only to find a few rugged pieces of clothing. 3 Like any business, visibility is key. If you don’t have a good location, see if a friend or family member will lend you their yard. 4 The most popular way to advertise a yard sale is through signs. To make them more effective, choosea neon or other bright color that grabs attention. And remember to only put critical information on the sign. Say, “Yard Sale”, the address, and time. Another way is to digitally advertise for your yard sale. Most communities have an online yard sale page where people sell individual objects. Dealing with Shoppers at Yard Sales You may set a certain price, but most yard sale shoppers believe that trying to talk you down is acceptable. Whether or not you agree doesn’t change the fact that they’ll do it. So what should you do? One trick may be to price all your goods a few dollars higher than you normally would. 5 A．The answer is likely yes. B．How to Advertise Yard Sales? C．How to Make Yard Sale Signs? D．Another qualification is the location. E．Be sure to get a permit before you begin. F．However, this discourages those who won’t bargain. G．It only takes a bit of planning to make the day a success. 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了庭院销售的相关信息，包括其定义、举办条件、广告方式以及应对购物者的策略等。 1．根据上文内容“Yard sales are a great way to make a little bit of money.(庭院销售是赚点小钱的好方法。)”可知，上文提到了庭院销售可以帮我们赚点小钱。选项G“It only takes a bit of planning to make the day a success.(只需稍作计划，就能让这一天大获成功。)”承接了上文关于庭院销售的好处，又提出了成功的关键——计划。故选G。 2．根据本段小标题“Should You Hold a Yard Sale?(你应该举办庭院销售吗？)”可推测，空处应该是对这个问题进行回答。再根据空后“However, there are a few qualifications for a good yard sale.(然而，好的庭院销售需要满足一些条件。)”可推测，空处是给出了肯定的回答。选项A“The answer is likely yes.(答案很可能是肯定的)”回答了上文问题，给出了肯定的回复，符合下文内容。故选A。 3．根据上文内容“However, there are a few qualifications for a good yard sale. First, do you have enough to sell? And second, is the quality high enough to sell? Nothing is more frustrating for someone tracking down a sale, only to find a few rugged pieces of clothing.(然而，好的庭院销售需要满足一些条件。首先，你有足够的东西出售吗？其次，物品的质量足够高吗？对于寻找销售的人来说，最沮丧的事情莫过于只发现几件破旧的衣服。)”可知，上文提到了好的庭院销售需要满足一些条件。并且还指出了两个条件。选项D“Another qualification is the location.(另一个条件是位置。)”符合这一逻辑，既承接了上文关于条件的描述，又提出了另一个重要的条件。故选D。 4．空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据本段内容“The most popular way to advertise a yard sale is through signs. To make them more effective, choose a neon or other bright color that grabs attention. And remember to only put critical information on the sign. Say, “Yard Sale”, the address, and time. Another way is to digitally advertise for your yard sale. Most communities have an online yard sale page where people sell individual objects.(为庭院销售做广告的最流行方式是通过招牌。为了使它们更有效，选择霓虹灯或其他能吸引注意力的鲜艳颜色。并且记住，招牌上只放关键信息。写上“庭院销售”、地址和时间。另一种方式是数字化地为你的庭院销售做广告。大多数社区都有一个在线庭院销售页面，人们可以在上面出售个人物品。)”可知，该段落主要讲述了如何为庭院销售做广告。选项B“How to Advertise Yard Sales?(如何为庭院销售做广告？)”准确地概括了段落的主题。故选B。 5．根据空前内容“You may set a certain price, but most yard sale shoppers believe that trying to talk you down is acceptable. Whether or not you agree doesn’t change the fact that they’ll do it. So what should you do? One trick may be to price all your goods a few dollars higher than you normally would.(你可能会设定一个价格，但大多数庭院销售购物者认为尝试压低价格是可以接受的。你是否同意并不会改变他们会这样做的事实。那么你应该怎么做呢？一个技巧可能是将所有商品的价格定得比你通常会定的价格高出几美元)”可知，上文内容和如何应对庭院销售中购物者的议价行为相关。因此空处需要解释这种策略的效果或后果。选项F“However, this discourages those who won’t bargain.(然而，这会吓退那些不愿意讨价还价的人)”既承接了上文关于定价策略的描述，又解释了这种策略可能带来的负面影响。故选F。 主题03 人与自然——自然生态 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·浙江杭十四中·期中） Reading a dog’s body language requires experience and expert guidance. Zazie Todd, a dog trainer and founder of the blog Companion Animal Psychology, thinks about how to understand dogs’ behaviour. 1 They’re expecting punishment but don’t necessarily know their behavior is wrong. Alexandra Horowitz, a professor at Barnard College who researches dogs’ cognition(认知), points out the “guilty” look is linked to being scolded by the owner. If your dog licks their mouth They’re stressed. Recently, two European studies have highlighted the meaning of this licking. One found that it was a dog’s response to seeing an angry or aggressive human face on a computer screen. 2 If you spot this sign, try reducing your dog’s stress levels. It could be as simple as giving them more physical space. If there are fireworks and your dog is shaking 3 This is a common reaction, but a surprising number of people don’t realize that shaking and trembling are signs of fear. Whereas only a quarter of owners say their dog is afraid of loud noises, half report these behavioral signs. If you are at the vet and your dog’s tail is down They’re anxious. Obvious signs of an unhappy dog include hiding or trying to leave the exam room, but commonly missed triggers range from a tucked tail and lowered ears to trembling. 4 Many vets now use food to make the experience more fun. If your dog leans into you during a petting time They like it! If you’re unsure that a dog is enjoying being petted, stop, then watch their reaction. If they choose to wander off, the petting time is over. Other signs of discomfort include sniffing the floor, looking away and breathing heavily. However, if they lean on you or paw at you to get more hugs, continue! 5 A．This behavior means they like it. B．They are frightened by the noises. C．If your dog gets stressed at appointments, ask what can be done. D．If your dog looks guilty when you walk in the door and see a mess. E．Start to pet them and remain nearby so that your dog would be comforted. F．The other determined that dogs lick their mouths in response to a mild threat. G．Preferred parts on their bodies are to either side of the chest and under the chin. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．B 4．C 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就狗的一些常见肢体语言进行解释说明。 1．根据本段内容“They’re expecting punishment but don’t necessarily know their behavior is wrong. Alexandra Horowitz, a professor at Barnard College who researches dogs’ cognition(认知), points out the “guilty” look is linked to being scolded by the owner.(他们知道会有惩罚，但不一定知道自己的行为是错误的。巴纳德学院研究狗的认知的教授Alexandra Horowitz指出，“内疚”的表情与被主人责骂有关)”可知，本段主要是关于狗看起来内疚的情况，D选项中guilty对应后文guilty。故D选项“当你走进门看到乱七八糟的东西时，如果你的狗看起来很内疚”符合语境，故选D。 2．根据标题“If your dog licks their mouth(如果你的狗舔他们的嘴)”以及前文“One found that it was a dog’s response to seeing an angry or aggressive human face on a computer screen.(其中一项研究发现，这是狗在电脑屏幕上看到愤怒或咄咄逼人的人脸时的反应)”可知，本段主要是关于狗舔嘴的解释，F选项lick their mouths对应标题lick their mouths。故F选项“另一项研究认为，狗舔嘴是对轻微威胁的反应”符合语境，故选F。 3．根据后文“This is a common reaction, but a surprising number of people don’t realize that shaking and trembling are signs of fear. Whereas only a quarter of owners say their dog is afraid of loud noises, half report these behavioral signs.(这是一种常见的反应，但令人惊讶的是，很多人没有意识到震动和颤抖是恐惧的迹象。虽然只有四分之一的主人说他们的狗害怕大的噪音，但有一半的人报告了这些行为迹象)”可知，本段主要说明了狗害怕大的噪音，B选项noises对应后文loud noises。故B选项“它们害怕噪音”符合语境，故选B。 4．根据上文“They’re anxious. Obvious signs of an unhappy dog include hiding or trying to leave the exam room, but commonly missed triggers range from a tucked tail and lowered ears to trembling.(他们焦虑。狗不开心的明显迹象包括躲起来或试图离开检查室，但通常错过的触发因素包括夹起尾巴、垂下耳朵、颤抖)”以及后文“Many vets now use food to make the experience more fun.(许多兽医现在用食物来增加体验的乐趣)”可知，后文提到了减轻狗压力的办法，可知本句主要是针对感到压力应该怎么办进行提问。故C选项“如果你的狗在检查时感到压力，问问能做些什么”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据上文“However, if they lean on you or paw at you to get more hugs, continue!(然而，如果它们靠在你身上或用爪子抓你来得到更多的拥抱，继续！)”可知，上文提到了继续抚摸自己的宠物，本句为本段最后一句，G选项“它们喜欢的（被抚摸的）身体部位是胸部两侧和下巴下面”符合语境，就抚摸的部位进行进一步说明。故选G。 主题04 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 (24-25高一上·浙江温州十校·期中) Studies continue to show how important strong friendships are to our overall health. Here’re the rules you are supposed to know to keep strong and healthy friendships. 1 Everyone needs a support network. When you consider yourself the friend of another, you’re implicitly offering to be a part of his or her support network. What’s more, without trust and honesty, there is no authenticity (真实性) to the friendship. Be all ears to your friends. Too often, we only “half hear” what others are telling us, and have a hard time making space for caring about others’ conditions. 2 If we don’t truly know what our friends need or can’t clearly express how we feel or what we need, friendships won’t survive or continue. Throw away the judgment. 3 Good friends are able to realize that everyone is human. Friends don’t have to necessarily “like” or “approve” of their friends’ choices, but good friends will accept their friends’ choices no matter what. Forgive (原谅) where you can — and seek forgiveness when you make a mess of something. No one promises to bring perfection to a relationship, so being willing to accept and forgive the weaknesses of others makes you more likely to build a lasting friendship. 4 Respect your friends and their boundaries. Everyone has a right to set up personal boundaries to feel safe and respected. Some friends may have a difficult time letting people get close to them for fear of being hurt. 5 Give them the space they need to feel comfortable, and let the relationship deepen over time. A．Don’t crowd your friends. B．Offer them what they need. C．Support, trust, and honesty are givens. D．But friendships don’t need to be perfect. E．True friends don’t judge each other’s choices. F．However, friendships require attention and care. G．It’s also important that we’re able to recognize when we make mistakes. 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．E 4．G 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些保持牢固且健康的友谊的规则。 1．空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容，且需和其他段落标题一样使用祈使句的形式。根据后文“Everyone needs a support network. (每个人都需要一个支持网络)”和“What’s more, without trust and honesty, there is no authenticity (真实性) to the friendship. (更重要的是，没有信任和诚实，友谊就没有真实性)”可知，本段主要建议给朋友支持、信任和诚实，因此C项“Support, trust, and honesty are givens. (给予支持、信任和诚实)”符合语境，契合段落内容，其中的Support、trust和honesty在后文有同词复现。故选C。 2．前文“Too often, we only “half hear” what others are telling us, and have a hard time making space for caring about others’ conditions. (很多时候，我们只“半听”别人对我们说的话，很难腾出空间去关心别人的情况)”指出存在不认真倾听和缺乏关心的问题，因此F项“However, friendships require attention and care. (然而，友谊需要关注和关心)”符合语境，点明需要提供关注和关心，承接前文的问题，其中的care和前文的caring呼应。故选F。 3．前文“Throw away the judgment. (把评判抛诸脑后)”建议不要评判，因此E项“True friends don’t judge each other’s choices. (真正的朋友不会评判对方的选择)”符合语境，说明真正的友谊中不会有对对方选择的评判，承接前文，其中的judge呼应前文的judgment。故选E。 4．前文“Forgive (原谅) where you can — and seek forgiveness when you make a mess of something. No one promises to bring perfection to a relationship, so being willing to accept and forgive the weaknesses of others makes you more likely to build a lasting friendship. (在你能原谅的地方原谅——当你把事情搞得一团糟的时候寻求原谅。没有人能保证让一段关系变得完美，所以愿意接受和原谅别人的缺点会让你更有可能建立一段持久的友谊)”建议原谅朋友和请求原谅，并解释原谅朋友的原因，因此G项“It’s also important that we’re able to recognize when we make mistakes. (同样重要的是，我们能够意识到自己犯了错误)”符合语境，说明要意识到自己犯错，承接段首句中的请求原谅。故选G。 5．前文“Some friends may have a difficult time letting people get close to them for fear of being hurt. (有些朋友可能因为害怕受到伤害而很难让别人接近他们)”描述有些朋友不易让人接近的情况，后文“Give them the space they need to feel comfortable, and let the relationship deepen over time. (给他们足够的空间，让他们感到舒适，让这种关系随着时间的推移而加深)”建议给予这些朋友舒适的空间，因此A项“Don’t crowd your friends. (不要逼迫你的朋友)”符合语境，劝诫不要逼迫他们，承上启下。故选A。 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 (23-24高一上·浙江杭州学军·期中) We all have to make decisions all the time, and we have many choices, ranging from tiny issues to important ones. 1 That means the skill of good decision-making counts a lot. If you would like to improve your skill of decision making, here are four suggestions for you. Don’t expect to have it all. Decisions force you to close the door on other possibilities. 2 And there will be paths not taken, careers not chosen, to name a few. You can imagine some “what if” situations if you must, but do not let them take up too much space in your brain. 3 It’s often good to think through your decisions. But don’t overdo it. Research can reach a point where returns begin to reduce, which makes it confusing more than clear. Many good decisions can be made based as much on intuition (直觉) as on careful analysis of endless data. Don’t delay making decisions. Yes, there is a time to put off making a decision. Perhaps you need more information. 4 Or it’s likely that you wait for a less stressful time. Just don’t wait so long that the decision is made by your own indecisiveness (犹豫不决). Don’t be hard on yourself. You decide to go on a voyage. You choose an expensive liner (邮轮). Everything should work out just right. Only you didn’t expect an insect that ran around on the ship, making you and your family sick for five days. 5 But please remember it is unavoidable sometimes. A．Don’t spend too much time thinking. B．Don’t rely on emotion to make decisions. C．It is an important source of information. D．You may regret making such a stupid decision. E．You can’t order every delicious dish on the menu. F．Maybe you wish to turn to your parents for advice. G．Unfortunately, people often find it hard to make decisions. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些提高做出决定的能力的建议。 1．空前“We all have to make decisions all the time, and we have many choices, ranging from tiny issues to important ones. (我们每时每刻都要做决定，我们有很多选择，从微小的问题到重要的问题。)”说明我们要做很多决定，空后“That means the skill of good decision-making counts a lot. If you would like to improve your skill of decision making, here are four suggestions for you. (这意味着良好的决策能力非常重要。如果你想提高你的决策能力，这里有四条建议给你。)”说明有四条提高决策能力的建议，说明人的决策能力需要提高，G选项“Unfortunately, people often find it hard to make decisions. (不幸的是，人们常常发现很难做决定。)”说明人们决策能力不足，需要提高，承上启下，符合语境，故选G。 2．空前“Decisions force you to close the door on other possibilities. (决定迫使你关闭其他可能性的大门。)”说明做决定意味着不考虑其他的可能性，也就是你不能一次性考虑所有的可能性，E选项“You can’t order every delicious dish on the menu. (你不可能点菜单上所有美味的菜。)”说明的是你不能点所有的菜，和前面不能考虑所有的可能性表达的意思一致，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。 3．空格处是本段小标题，由空后的“It’s often good to think through your decisions. But don’t overdo it. (深思熟虑你的决定通常是好的。但是不要过度。)”和“Many good decisions can be made based as much on intuition (直觉) as on careful analysis of endless data. (许多好的决策既可以基于直觉，也可以基于对无尽数据的仔细分析。)”可知，本段主要讲的是不要过度深思熟虑，A选项“Don’t spend too much time thinking. (不要花太多时间思考。)”说明了不要花太多时间去做决定，也就是不要过于深思熟虑，因此概括了本段内容，可作为小标题，故选A。 4．空前“Yes, there is a time to put off making a decision. Perhaps you need more information. (是的，有时候需要推迟做决定。也许你需要更多的信息。)”说明有时需要推迟做决定，并愿意可能是需要更多的信息，空后“Or it’s likely that you wait for a less stressful time. (或者你可能会等待一个压力较小的时间。)”也是对推迟做决定的原因的猜测，空格处也应该是猜测推迟做决定的原因，F选项“Maybe you wish to turn to your parents for advice. (也许你希望向你的父母寻求建议。)”是对推迟做决定的原因的猜测，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 5．空前“You decide to go on a voyage. You choose an expensive liner (邮轮). Everything should work out just right. Only you didn’t expect an insect that ran around on the ship, making you and your family sick for five days. (你决定去航海。你选择了昂贵的邮轮。一切都应该顺利进行的。只是你没想到会有一只昆虫在船上跑来跑去，让你和你的家人恶心了五天。)”说明了你选择的很贵的邮轮上有昆虫，这让你恶心，空格处应该说对此你会有什么反应，D选项“You may regret making such a stupid decision. (你可能会后悔做了这么愚蠢的决定。)”说明了你会后悔你选择了这个邮轮，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 Passage 2 (24-25高一上·浙江台州十校·期中) It is never too late to develop great study habits. However, starting to make some changes is hard. Even if you want to do well enough in school and improve your grades, you’re probably having trouble getting started in the first place! 1 . Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Make a schedule of your time. Then decide on good, regular time for studying. 2 , but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time. 3 . Choose one place for your regular study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable and quiet. When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate on the subject. Skim before you read. 4 . As you preview the material, you get some idea of the passage and how it is organized. Make good use of your time in class. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Taking notes helps you remember what the teacher says. Develop a good attitude to tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. 5 . Tests provide grades, but they also let you know that you need to spend more time studying. There are other skills that might help you with your study. Share with your classmates some of the skills you have found to be helpful. A．Study regularly B．Find a good place to study C．Here are several ways that can help you D．The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t worry too much about your grade E．This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems F．This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully G．Develop a positive lifestyle by setting realistic goals 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．B 4．F 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在学校里养成好的学习习惯。 1．根据上文“Even if you want to do well enough in school and improve your grades, you’re probably having trouble getting started in the first place! (即使你想在学校做得足够好，提高你的成绩，你可能在开始的时候就有困难！)”可知，想要提高成绩是困难的，后文各段首句给出了具体方法，让你形成良好的学习习惯，空白处承上启下，只要通过正确方法养成良好习惯，就能提高成绩，即以下是具体方法，C项“这有几种方法可以帮助你”引起了下文的具体方法，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。 2．上文“Make a list of your weekly tasks. (列一个每周任务清单)”说到要列一周任务清单，后文“but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time. (但它会让你更加意识到你是如何度过你的时间的)”讲这样做的好处，空白处要承接上文，又要与后文是转折关系，所以应该填的是周计划存在的缺点，E项“这个每周计划可能不能解决你所有的问题”符合语境。故选E。 3．空处是主题句，根据下文“Choose one place for your regular study area. (选择一个地方作为你经常学习的地方)”可知，本段是关于选择一个学习的地方，B项“找到一个学习的好地方”符合语境，故选B。 4．根据本段主题句“Skim before you read. (阅读前先略读)”可知，本段是关于在阅读前先略读，F项“这意味着在你开始更仔细地阅读一篇文章之前，要快速浏览一遍”进一步解释上文，符合语境，故选F。 5．根据上文“Develop a good attitude to tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. (培养良好的考试态度。考试的目的是显示你对某门学科的了解程度)”可知，本段是说对考试应有的正确态度，即不要太担心考试，D项“考试不及格并不是世界末日，所以不要太担心你的成绩”承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 Passage 3 (24-25高一上·浙江宁波余姚·期中) Children experience the joy and wonder of new experiences almost daily. However, for many adults, these emotions get lost in the day to day repetition of everyday life and routine. 1 Trying new things is good for our brain. It helps us think more creatively and enhances confidence. It also helps us destress in that a new experience can help break harmful or negative routines. 2 We will consider things from new and different perspectives. It is obvious that trying new things is good for our mental health. 3 Participating in new physical activities can improve our physical fitness, boost our energy levels, and enhance our overall health. For example, trying a new sport or exercise routine can increase our flexibility and strength. Having new experiences can also have a positive impact on our social lives. 4 . When we step out of our comfort zones and engage in new activities, we· meet people with different backgrounds and perspectives, which can broaden our horizons and enrich our lives. Building new relationships can provide us with a sense of belonging. Still, it can be scary to break routine and try something totally different. 5 Start small by breaking a goal into smaller steps. And be very specific about the goal. For example, instead of aiming to work on arm strength, make a goal of doing twenty arm curls (弯曲) a day. In addition, be realistic and make sure the goal is practicable in terms of finances and free time. While it is easy to get caught up in the daily tiring activities of life, always keep in mind that doing something new can be the best thing we can do for ourselves. So we’d better make the wise choice. A．However, it is also good for our body. B．It can help us expand our social connections. C．Luckily there are practical tips to make a change. D．New experiences are critical for overcoming fears. E．Doing something new also promotes flexible thinking. F．Every new experience contributes to our personal growth. G．And yet, new experiences are vital for our overall wellbeing. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了尝试新事物对人们的好处以及如何开始尝试新事物。 1．上文“Children experience the joy and wonder of new experiences almost daily. However, for many adults, these emotions get lost in the day to day repetition of everyday life and routine.(孩子们几乎每天都能体验到新经历带来的快乐和惊奇。然而，对于许多成年人来说，这些情感在日常生活的重复和例行公事中消失了)”提出因为重复和例行公事，能带来快乐和惊奇的新体验从成年人的世界消失了，G选项“And yet, new experiences are vital for our overall wellbeing.(然而，新体验对我们的整体福祉至关重要)”与上文构成转折有关系，强调了这些新的体验对整体福祉的重要性，同时引出下文关于尝试新事物的好处的讨论，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 2．上文“Trying new things is good for our brain. It helps us think more creatively and enhances confidence. It also helps us destress in that a new experience can help break harmful or negative routines.(尝试新事物对我们的大脑有好处。它帮助我们更有创造性地思考，增强自信。它还能帮助我们减压，因为新体验有助于打破有害或负面的习惯)”说明尝试新事物对大脑的好处。E选项“Doing something new also promotes flexible thinking.(做新的事情也能促进灵活的思维)”承接上文，进一步说明了尝试新事物对思维的好处，与上文构成并列关系。同时，下文“We will consider things from new and different perspectives.(我们会从新的和不同的角度来考虑问题)”对E选项观点进行了具体阐述，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 3．上文“It is obvious that trying new things is good for our mental health.(显而易见，尝试新事物对我们的心理健康有好处)”是对第二段内容和总结，说明尝试新事物对心理健康有益是显而易见的。A选项“However, it is also good for our body.(然而，它对我们的身体也有好处)”通过转折词“However”引出下文关于尝试新事物对身体好处的讨论，与上文形成对比。同时，下文“Participating in new physical activities can improve our physical fitness, boost our energy levels, and enhance our overall health.(参与新的体育活动可以提高我们的身体素质，增强我们的能量水平，并提升我们的整体健康)”是对A选项观点具体论述，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。 4．上文“Having new experiences can also have a positive impact on our social lives.(拥有新体验也可以对我们的社交生活产生积极影响)”提出新体验对社交生活有益。B选项“It can help us expand our social connections.(它可以帮助我们扩大社交联系)”对上文观点进行举例论证，同时引出下文“When we step out of our comfort zones and engage in new activities, we meet people with different backgrounds and perspectives, which can broaden our horizons and enrich our lives.(当我们走出舒适区，参与新的活动时，我们会遇到不同背景和观点的人，这可以拓宽我们的视野，丰富我们的生活)”对扩大社交联系益处的具体阐述，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 5．上文“Still, it can be scary to break routine and try something totally different.(然而，打破常规，尝试一些完全不同的东西可能会很可怕)”指出尝试新事物可能会让人感到害怕。C选项“Luckily there are practical tips to make a change.(幸运的是，有一些实用的技巧可以帮助我们做出改变)”通过“Luckily”引出下文关于如何开始尝试新事物的具体建议，下文“Start small by breaking a goal into smaller steps.(从小事开始，把目标分解成更小的步骤)”建议尝试新事物要从小事开始，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 Passage 4 (24-25高一上·浙江G5联盟·期中) Ever woken up from a nap feeling lost or more tired, as if you’ve forgotten which planet you’re on? 1 . It is a sign that you might go beyond your napping mark. It can slow you down in the short term and potentially affect your nighttime sleep in the long run. To avoid this and wake up refreshed, follow these principles for taking the perfect nap. Take regular naps You don’t want a casual napping schedule where you sleep “sometimes early, sometimes late, sometimes short.” So pick a time, like after lunch or in between your afternoon meetings and stick to it. 2 . If you’re napping in your car on your lunch break for example, consider bringing a pillow, an eye mask or earplugs to help boost your nap experience. 3 From the moment you wake up in the morning, sleep pressure builds in your body to push you to fall asleep again at the end of the day. Napping relieves some of that pressure, so it’s important that you nap early enough in the day for it to build back up by bedtime. If you follow a conventional nighttime sleep schedule, take a nap between noon and 3 p.m. 4 . Keep your nap brief 5 . It might be painful if you’re a fan of a long, leisurely afternoon snooze. However, the truth is that longer naps can lead to sleep inertia (睡眠惯性) more easily because you might enter deeper sleep, making it harder to wake up. If you find yourself falling asleep quickly and dipping into deep sleep with only 30 minutes of napping, that’s a sign you’re not getting enough sleep at night. If this is the case, take steps to raise the quality of your nighttime sleep. A．Nap early in the day B．Follow a nap schedule early C．A good, short nap can offer mental health benefits D．That sleepy, almost-drunk feeling is called sleep inertia E．Experts suggest keeping your naps from 10 minutes to an hour tops F．Use the same sleep environment each time and create a cosy nap space G．For people who work nights, take a nap at least 6 hours before you sleep 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．A 4．G 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何通过遵循一定的原则来避免午睡后的疲惫感，从而达到理想的午睡效果。 1．上文“Ever woken up from a nap feeling lost or more tired, as if you’ve forgotten which planet you’re on?(有没有过午睡醒来后感到迷茫或者更累，好像忘了自己在哪个星球上？)”及下文“It is a sign that you might go beyond your napping mark.(这是一个信号，表明你可能已经超过了你的午睡时间)”描述了午睡醒来后的不适感受，空处需要对这种感觉进行解释说明，应该为概念sleep inertia (睡眠惯性)的引出，即解释说明了上文的现象，也回应了下文的It is a sign. 。D选项“那种昏昏欲睡，几乎像喝醉了一样的感觉被称为睡眠惯性”直接解释了这种感觉的专业术语，符合上下文的逻辑。故选D。 2．上文“So pick a time, like after lunch or in between your afternoon meetings and stick to it.(所以选择一个时间，比如午饭后或下午会议之间，并坚持下去)”说明了建议选择一个固定的午睡时间，空处应进一步说明如何保证午睡的质量。F选项“每次使用相同的睡眠环境，创造一个舒适的午睡空间”提供了具体的做法，并引出下文对睡眠环境和助眠物品的举例“If you’re napping in your car on your lunch break for example, consider bringing a pillow, an eye mask or earplugs to help boost your nap experience.(例如，如果你在午餐时间选择在车里小憩，可以考虑带一个枕头、眼罩或耳塞来提升你的小睡体验)”，符合语境。故选F。 3．下文“From the moment you wake up in the morning, sleep pressure builds in your body to push you to fall asleep again at the end of the day. Napping relieves some of that pressure, so it’s important that you nap early enough in the day for it to build back up by bedtime.(从你早上醒来的那一刻起，你的身体就会产生睡眠压力，迫使你在一天结束时再次入睡。小睡可以缓解一些压力，所以重要的是你要在一天中早点小睡，以便在睡前恢复)”说明白天早点午睡的重要性，空处应概括本段的主题，即白天早点午睡。A选项“白天早点午睡”直接点明主题，符合语境。故选A。 4．上文“If you follow a conventional nighttime sleep schedule, take a nap between noon and 3 p.m.(如果你遵循传统的夜间睡眠规律，那么在中午到下午3点之间午睡)”说明了一个午睡的时间范围，空处应进一步说明其他情况，针对不同人群的睡眠习惯进行举例。G选项“对于上夜班的人来说，在睡觉至少六小时前进行午睡。”补充了另一种情况，即上夜班的人的午睡时间，符合语境。故选G。 5．下文“It might be painful if you’re a fan of a long, leisurely afternoon snooze. However, the truth is that longer naps can lead to sleep inertia (睡眠惯性) more easily because you might enter deeper sleep, making it harder to wake up.(如果你喜欢长时间的、悠闲的午后小憩，那可能会很痛苦。然而，事实是，午睡时间过长更容易导致睡眠惯性，因为你可能会进入深度睡眠，更难醒来)”说明午睡时间过长的不利影响，空处应概括本段的主题，即午睡时间不宜过长。E选项“专家建议将午睡时间控制在10分钟到最多一小时”点明主题，符合语境。故选E。 Passage 5 (23-24高一上·浙江A9协作体·期中) Beyond Burnout(精力耗尽) America is seriously stressed out. More recently, the American Psychological Association reported that the country’s collective stress had reached worrying levels. 1 So before the stress in your life rises to that level, know there are steps you can take to prevent burnout. Look for meaning at work. You are more likely to experience burnout-causing stress when something seems out of your control, against your will, or completely meaningless. Try to find ways, even the smallest of your daily tasks improves the lives of others. 2 Then you can live with stress longer. Try to separate work and home. With the time for work and nonwork mixed up these days, research has recommended strategies you can use. 3 Use separate e-mail accounts for work and home, making a clear line between work and personal life, especially when you work from home. Don’t ignore yourself. Physical activity is necessary to remove stress hormones(荷尔蒙). Many people are less active in order to rest when under stress. 4 While you don’t have to run away from a mountain lion these days, even light activities help “complete” the stress cycle. 5 It’s very common for your boss to continue to increase tasks over time. Talk to him/her when you feel your job should be more manageable, meaningful and under your control. If you don’t communicate your needs or limits, they may be ignored. If you don’t expect things will improve, consider changing jobs. If you do feel burned out, proper treatment can help you deal with work-related stress and learn useful strategies and it can teach you to communicate with your boss and keep healthy both physically and mentally. A．It is very likely to cause burnout. B．Make an effort to find the work you like. C．Recognize when it has become too much. D．You should turn off work e-mail reminders. E．You must deal with burnout in a proper way. F．But movement is the most natural response to stress. G．It makes you believe your work has a good purpose. 【答案】1．A 2．G 3．D 4．F 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是关于防止精力耗尽的一些建议。 1．根据上文“More recently, the American Psychological Association reported that the country’s collective stress had reached worrying levels.(最近，美国心理协会(American Psychological Association)报告称，美国的集体压力已达到令人担忧的水平。)”和下文“So before the stress in your life rises to that level, know there are steps you can take to prevent burnout.(因此，在你生活中的压力上升到那个水平之前，你要知道你可以采取一些步骤来防止精力耗尽。)”可知，上文提到美国的集体压力很大，下文提到需要采取一些步骤来防止精力耗尽，空处应该提及压力过大会导致精力耗尽，和下文形成因果关系。A项：It is very likely to cause burnout.(这很可能导致精力耗尽。)符合语境。故选A。 2．根据上文“Try to find ways, even the smallest of your daily tasks improves the lives of others.(试着找到方法，即使是你日常生活中最小的事情也能改善别人的生活。)”可知，生活中的小事会让人做事有目标，从而帮助防止精力耗尽。G项：It makes you believe your work has a good purpose.(它使你相信你的工作有一个好的目的。)符合语境。故选G。 3．根据下文“Use separate e-mail accounts for work and home, making a clear line between work and personal life, especially when you work from home.(工作和家庭使用不同的电子邮件账户，明确工作和个人生活之间的界限，特别是当你在家工作的时候。)”可知，空处提到的是关于工作电子邮箱的建议。D项中的“work e-mail”和下文中的“Use separate e-mail accounts for work and home”对应。D项：You should turn off work e-mail reminders.(你应该关掉工作电子邮件提醒。)符合语境。故选D。 4．根据上文“Many people are less active in order to rest when under stress.(许多人在压力下为了休息而减少活动。)”和下文“While you don’t have to run away from a mountain lion these days, even light activities help “complete” the stress cycle.(虽然现在你不必躲避美洲狮，但即使是轻微的活动也有助于“完成”压力循环。)”可知，上文提到许多人为了休息减少活动，下文提到即使是轻微的运动也是有好处的，空处和上文形成转折关系，说明了运动的好处。F项：But movement is the most natural response to stress.(但是运动是对压力最自然的反应。)符合语境。故选F。 5．根据下文“It’s very common for your boss to continue to increase tasks over time.(随着时间的推移，你的老板不断增加任务是很常见的。)”可知，本段建议在任务变得越来越多时要意识到。C项：Recognize when it has become too much.(意识到什么时候它变得太多了。)符合语境。故选C。 Passage 6 (23-24高一上·浙江杭二·期中) Why is Eating Colourful Food Good for You? Most of us are faced with the same choice numerous times a day: what to eat. Along with price, accessibility and preference, we'll often use a food's healthfulness to help us make a decision. 1 It's widely accepted by researchers that we need a varied diet. 2 Is colour the best guide to getting all the nutrients (营养)we need? The proof may be in the Mediterranean diet, which contains a lot of fruit, vegetables and healthy fats such as extra virgin olive oil, and is frequently rated the healthiest diet by scientists. Eating lots of colors may lower your risk of missing out on all important nutrients. If we’re missing a colour of the rainbow, we may be missing a function of that food, says Minich. 3 Blue and purple foods, including blueberries are linked to lowering the risk of heart disease and type 2diabetes (糖尿病).Yellow foods reduce the risk of heart disease. Tian-shin Yeh, research fellow at Harvard TH Chan School of Public: Health says eating a colourful diet can also help people avoid possible side effects of eating too much of one food.“ 4 For example, research has found that orange juice is associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline (认知衰退), but too much intake is associated with type 2 diabetes,” she says. Eating a rainbow diet may also be complex(复杂的). 5 We may find it hard to make choices. We also need to eat from other food groups to get all the nutrients we need, such as protein. A．Food is very complex. B．A varied diet is packed with different vegetables. C．It could be really tricky to get every colour every day. D．But how do we know we're getting enough nutrients? E．Different coloured foods come with different benefits. F．And one way to do this is by eating all the colors of the rainbow. G．Will a more colourful diet increase the risk of overeating unhealthy food? 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．E 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了吃色彩丰富的食物对我们的健康有益。 1．根据上文“Most of us are faced with the same choice numerous times a day: what to eat. Along with price, accessibility and preference, we’ll often use a food’s healthfulness to help us make a decision. (我们大多数人每天都会多次面临同样的选择：吃什么。除了价格、可及性和偏好，我们经常会用食物的健康程度来帮助我们做出决定。)”可知，接下来作者要谈论如何选择食物的健康程度。选项D“But how do we know we’re getting enough nutrients?(但是，我们如何知道我们获取了足够的营养呢？)”和上文意思一致。故选D。 2．根据上文“It’s widely accepted by researchers that we need a varied diet. (研究者们认为我们需要各种各样的饮食。)”可知，这一段指出，我们需要丰富多元的饮食。选项F“And one way to do this is by eating all the colors of the rainbow. (做到这的一个方法是通过吃色彩丰富的食物。)”和上文意思一致。F项中的this指代了本段第一句中的a varied diet，实现了照应，而空后句中的proof也照应了本空中提出的一种方案。故选F。 3．根据下文“Blue and purple foods, including blueberries are linked to lowering the risk of heart disease and type 2diabetes (糖尿病).Yellow foods reduce the risk of heart disease. (包括蓝莓在内的蓝色和紫色食物可以降低患心脏病和2型糖尿病的风险。黄色食物可以降低心脏病的风险。)”可知，本段列举了蓝色、紫色和黄色食物如何对人体有益的例子，故本段的主题句应该陈述不同颜色的食物对人体有不同的好处。选项E“Different coloured foods come with different benefits. (不同颜色的食物有不同的好处。)”和下文意思一致。故选E。 4．根据下文“For example, research has found that orange juice is associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline(认知衰退), but too much intake is associated with type 2 diabetes,” she says. (例如，研究发现橙汁与认知能力下降的风险较低有关，但摄入过多与2型糖尿病有关，”她说。)”可知，研究发现，橙汁可以降低认知能力下降的风险，但是摄入太多会导致二型糖尿病。这说明我们不能用一个标准来衡量食物。选项A“Food is very complex.(食物是非常复杂的。)”和下文意思一致。故选A。 5．根据上文“Eating a rainbow diet may also be complex (复杂的). (色彩丰富的饮食是复杂的。)”和下文“We also need to eat from other food groups to get all the nutrients we need, such as protein. (我们还需要从其他食物类别中摄取所需的营养素，比如蛋白质。)”可知，每天吃遍每一种颜色的食物也是很难办到的，而且要摄取其他食物中的营养。选项C“It could be really tricky to get every colour every day. (要每天都弄到每一种颜色的食物可能很困难。)”承上启下，符合题意。故选C。 Passage 7 (23-24高一上·浙江宁波镇海·期中) How to Take Notes from a Textbook Be selective. You should not write down every piece of information in the book. 1 Finding the right balance of writing enough but not too much can be a challenge, but it is the key to taking effective notes. Paraphrase information from the text. 2 Paraphrasing information usually shows that you really understood what you read. It will likely be more meaningful to you later when you are reviewing your notes if you have written them in your own words. 3 Your notes may take on the form of a chart. You might draw yourself a timeline of events so that you can see the order that things happened and not just a list of events. The notes are your study aid, so it’s best to write them in a way that makes sense to you. Organize your notes in a meaningful way. Depending on the subject, you may want to organize your notes in a particular way. History notes maybe most logically taken in time order. Science notes, however, may need to be taken in a particular order that shows mastery of one concept before moving on to the next. 4 Add visual elements if it helps you. Visual learners are often helped by visual representations in their own notes. 5 You may want to draw a simple comic strip(连环漫画) to show a specific event or interaction between people. Don’t let adding visual elements distract you from the task at hand, but add visuals if it will help you remember the material more effectively. A．Use a format that works for you. B．Use tools to aid your understanding. C．You might want to write down a copy of a graph (图表) instead of writing information about it. D．Before you begin reading or taking notes, preview the chapter. E．You should write your notes in your own words. F．It’s also a good idea to separate your notes in different folders (文件夹) for each class, so they don’t get mixed up. G．Nor should you write down one fact per page, or you might end up wasting precious time. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。记好笔记是一种节省时间的技巧，文章主要介绍了一些记笔记的方法。 1．上文“You should not write down every piece of information in the book.(你不应该把书里的每一条信息都写下来)”说明不要记下所有的信息，G项“你也不应该每页写一个事实，否则你可能会浪费宝贵的时间。”与上文意思一致，说明记笔记需要注意有选择性，呼应主题。故选G。 2．根据段落主题Paraphrase information from the text.可知，本段讲述改写文本中的信息。也就是说不要照抄照搬文本中的东西，要用自己的话写笔记，因此推断E项“你应该用自己的话记笔记”符合语境，故选E。 3．空处为段落标题。根据下文“Your notes may take on the form of a chart. You might draw yourself a timeline of events so that you can see the order that things happened and not just a list of events. The notes are your study aid, so it’s best to write them in a way that makes sense to you.(你的笔记可以采用图表的形式。你可以给自己画一个事件的时间轴，这样你就可以看到事情发生的顺序，而不仅仅是一个事件列表。这些笔记是你学习的辅助工具，所以最好用一种对你有意义的方式来写)”可知，本段建议使用一些适合自己的格式记笔记，因此推断A项“使用适合自己的格式”概况主题。故选A。 4．根据标题Organize your notes in a meaningful way.可知，本段建议使用有意义的方式记笔记，上文“History notes maybe most logically taken in time order. Science notes, however, may need to be taken in a particular order that shows mastery of one concept before moving on to the next.( 历史笔记按时间顺序可能是最有逻辑的。然而，科学笔记可能需要以特定的顺序进行记录，以显示掌握了一个概念，然后再进行下一个概念。)”举例说明了有意义的管理笔记的方式，F项“把每节课的笔记放在不同的文件夹里也是个好主意，这样就不会混淆了。”承接上文，列举了管理笔记的另一种有意义的方式。故选F。 5．上文“Visual learners are often helped by visual representations in their own notes.(视觉学习者经常通过自己笔记中的视觉表现得到帮助)”讲述了视觉记忆对于视觉学习者的益处，C项“您可能想要用图标记录，而不是写下有关它的信息”列举了视觉记忆的一种方式，符合语境。故选C。 主题02 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 (24-25高一上·浙江强基联盟·期中) How to Deal with Common Book Club Challenges Running a book club discussion can sometimes be tricky or stressful. Here are some common issues along with solutions that you can try: Challenge 1: Few members talk too much, with others participating little 1 To encourage participation from all members, you can use strategies such as inviting comments from quieter members, asking open-ended questions that draw out more than yes-or-no answers, and relating the book to personal or current issues. Challenge 2: Heated discussions or disagreements A book club discussion is not a debate or an argument. 2 Disagreements can be healthy and stimulating, but they need to be respectful and constructive. As a discussion leader, calm things down when people get upset. Just listen to what everyone thinks and find things you all can agree on. 3 Encourage people to agree to disagree (求同存异) and move on when necessary. Challenge 3: Low attendance When not everyone shows up for meetings, it can be disheartening and make discussions less lively. 4 First, use a tool like Bookclubs to remind club members about the meetings. If the meeting days aren’t good for everyone, you can survey your club members to find the best time(Bookclubs can help with this too). Or, you can set a fixed day each month, and ask members to arrange their schedules accordingly. 5 Ask the participating members of your book club to think through their acquaintances and have everyone come up with one person to invite. A．To get more people to come, consider these strategies. B．Keep the arguments focused on the book, not on each other. C．They say that preparation is the key to success, so prepare for the book club! D．If nothing seems to be working, it may be time to find a few new members. E．It’s an opportunity to learn from each other and open ourselves up to different views. F．A good book club discussion is one where everyone has a chance to share their thoughts. G．As the host, you feel responsible for making everyone feel comfortable in the conversation. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了如何应对读书会的常见挑战。 1．根据后文“To encourage participation from all members, you can use strategies such as inviting comments from quieter members, asking open-ended questions that draw out more than yes-or-no answers, and relating the book to personal or current issues.(为了鼓励所有成员的参与，你可以使用一些策略，比如邀请安静的成员发表评论，问一些开放式的问题，而不是给出“是”或“否”的答案，以及把这本书与个人或当前的问题联系起来)”可知，后文提到鼓励所有成员参加，推测是让每个人都参加进来，分享读书想法。故F选项“一个好的读书俱乐部讨论是每个人都有机会分享他们的想法”符合语境，故选F。 2．根据上文“A book club discussion is not a debate or an argument.(读书俱乐部的讨论不是辩论或争论)”可知，本句进一步解释前文什么是读书俱乐部。故E选项“这是一个相互学习和接受不同观点的机会”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据后文“Encourage people to agree to disagree (求同存异) and move on when necessary.(鼓励人们求同存异，并在必要时继续前进)”可知，后文与本句为并列关系，都是在说明如何处理分歧。故B选项“让争论集中在书上，而不是在对方身上”符合语境，故选B。 4．根据上文“When not everyone shows up for meetings, it can be disheartening and make discussions less lively.(当不是每个人都出席会议时，可能会令人沮丧，使讨论不那么活跃)”可知，本句针对上文，提出吸引人来读书俱乐部的策略。故A选项“为了吸引更多的人来，考虑一下这些策略”符合语境，且下文引出这些策略。故选A。 5．根据后文“Ask the participating members of your book club to think through their acquaintances and have everyone come up with one person to invite.(让参加读书俱乐部的成员考虑一下他们的熟人，让每个人都想出一个邀请的人)”可知，后文主要提出了如何找到新成员的办法。故D选项“如果什么都不起作用，也许是时候找一些新成员了”引出下文，故选D。 Passage 2 (23-24高一上·浙江台金七校·期中) Beginning a new course, a new term, life in a new city or country, and a new household can be big adjustments, especially when your housemates may also be adjusting to many new changes too. Finding a balance of living with each other, being sociable, and respecting privacy (隐私) can make a new household even better. 1 . Respect (尊重) others’ space 2 . Respect their boundaries (边界) by giving them their breathing space when they are in their room, or trying to study. Other people may have different timetables to you, so make sure you follow the “quiet hours ”between 10 p. m. and 7 a. m.. 3 This especially applies to food! Don’t eat anything that you have not bought yourself. Decide on whether you share common household goods like milk, shampoo, and toilet paper. If you haven’t agreed to share, do not touch. Communicate Well Learn your housemates’ needs and preferences and respect them. Are they a clean freak, while you’re happy to let the dishes sit for a few days? 4 , and stick to it. It is important to remember that listening is a large part of communication. When it is your turn to talk, express your needs in a clear and kind way. We’re All In This Together Sharing houses comes with a lot of benefits. You can share great memories, the stories of your day, maybe share a monthly housemate dinner or share the load of cleaning. 5 . A．Never touch others’  food B．Never borrow without asking C．Everyone has their own privacy D．Therefore, you can start a new life E．It’s important to reach an agreement early F．The following advice is useful if you have a new household G．Shared living is best when all housemates can think of each other 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．B 4．E 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了合租的注意事项，要尊重他人的空间、不要不问自取、好好沟通。 1．根据上文“Finding a balance of living with each other, being sociable, and respecting privacy can make a new household even better.(找到彼此生活、社交和尊重隐私的平衡可以让新家变得更好)”可知，如果有了新家，应该找到生活、社交和尊重隐私的平衡，F项“如果你有了新家，以下建议很有用”承接上文，引出下文各段落的内容，符合题意。故选F。 2．根据上文“Respect others’ space(尊重他人的空间)”以及下文“Respect their boundaries by giving them their breathing space when they are in their room, or trying to study. (尊重他们的界限，当他们在房间里或试图学习时，给他们喘息的空间)”可知，要尊重其他人的空间，尊重他们的界限，C项“每个人都有自己的隐私”说明尊重他人空间的原因，承上启下，符合题意。故选C。 3．根据下文“Don’t eat anything that you have not bought yourself. Decide on whether you share common household goods like milk, shampoo, and toilet paper. If you haven’t agreed to share, do not touch. (不要吃你自己没有买的东西。决定是否共享牛奶、洗发水和卫生纸等常见家居用品。如果你们还没有同意共享，就不要碰)”可知，如果还没有同意分享物品，就不要随便动别人的东西，B项“不要不问自取”概括本段内容，可以作为段落标题句。故选B。 4．根据上文“Communicate Well(好好沟通)”可知，要与室友好好沟通，以及下文“and stick to it.(并且坚持它)”说明要坚持和室友沟通之后达成的协议，E项中agreement是关键词，E项“尽早达成协议很重要”承上启下，符合题意。故选E。 5．根据上文“Sharing houses comes with a lot of benefits. You can share great memories, the stories of your day, maybe share a monthly housemate dinner or share the load of cleaning.(共享房屋有很多好处。你可以分享美好的回忆，你一天的故事，也许可以每月与室友共进晚餐，或者分担清洁工作)”可知，共享房屋是有很多好处的，G项“当所有室友都能为彼此着想时，共享生活是最好的”进一步说明共享生活很好，符合题意。故选G。 Passage 3 (24-25高一上·浙江杭州学军·期中) How to Become a More Social Person Socializing is generally considered a pleasant and leisurely activity. 1 Here are some ways to help you become a more social person over all. Smile. Everybody wants to be around people who are happy and excited about life. 2 Not only will it instantly make you feel better, but it will also make other people want to be around you, talk to you, and get to know you. A study shows that smiling can help improve your mood and make it easier for you to interact with others. 3 If you are at a party or other social gatherings, make sure your body language says that you want to be approached. Make eye contact with people, give them a nod, and look straight ahead instead of at your feet or the floor, which will make other people more likely to come up to you. Be genuine. 4 Being fully engaged not only shows that you are friendly, but it also makes for more stimulating and fulfilling interactions with others. Avoid texting or talking on the phone when you are in the middle of a conversation, especially if the subject matter is important. Ask people questions about themselves. Let’s face it. People love talking about themselves. And if you want to be more social and start talking to people more, then show your interest in people by asking how their day is going, how they’re feeling, and what they have coming up. 5 A．Say something nice. B．Don’t ask private questions. C．Have welcoming body language. D．However, various anxieties can make it hard to interact with others. E．Even if you don’t always feel happy, force yourself to smile now and then. F．When talking with somebody, always show a sincere interest in the conversation. G．They will show you want to open up and are waiting for people to get you talking. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．C 4．F 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于如何成为一个更善于社交的人的方法。 1．前文“Socializing is generally considered a pleasant and leisurely activity.（社交通常被认为是一种愉快而悠闲的活动。）”引出社交的话题，说明社交是愉悦而悠闲的活动，后文“Here are some ways to help you become a more social person over all.（这里有一些方法可以帮助你成为一个更善于社交的人。）”引出后文成为更善于社交的人的方法，D项“However, various anxieties can make it hard to interact with others.（然而，各种各样的焦虑会使他们难以与他人互动。）”符合语境，说明社交中会遇到问题，其中的“it”指代前文的“Socializing”，和前文内容构成转折，自然引出后文的方法。故选D。 2．前文“Smile. Everybody wants to be around people who are happy and excited about life.（微笑。每个人都希望身边的人对生活充满快乐和兴奋。）”建议去微笑，带来快乐和兴奋，后文“Not only will it instantly make you feel better, but it will also make other people want to be around you, talk to you, and get to know you.（这不仅会让你感觉更好，还会让其他人想要和你在一起，和你说话，了解你。）”说明微笑对于社交的好处，E项“Even if you don’t always feel happy, force yourself to smile now and then.（即使你并不总是感到快乐，也要时不时地强迫自己微笑。）”符合语境，说明即使不快乐也要微笑，呼应前文内容，后文的“it”指代其中的“smile”。故选E。 3．空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需概括段落内容，且需和其他段落首句一样是祈使句的形式。后文“If you are at a party or other social gatherings, make sure your body language says that you want to be approached. Make eye contact with people, give them a nod, and look straight ahead instead of at your feet or the floor, which will make other people more likely to come up to you.（如果你参加聚会或其他社交聚会，确保你的肢体语言表明你希望被接近。与人进行眼神交流，向他们点头，直视前方而不是看着你的脚或地板，这会让其他人更有可能走向你。）”具体说明了如何运用肢体语言进行社交，C项“Have welcoming body language.（拥有欢迎的肢体语言。）”符合语境，建议肢体语言要表现出欢迎的态度，可以统领段落内容。故选C。 4．前文“Be genuine.（真诚。）”建议要真诚，后文“Being fully engaged not only shows that you are friendly, but it also makes for more stimulating and fulfilling interactions with others.（全身心投入不仅能表现出你的友好，还能让你与他人的互动更刺激、更充实。）”说明全身心投入对社交的好处，F项“When talking with somebody, always show a sincere interest in the conversation.（与人交谈时，总是表现出真诚的兴趣。）”符合语境，提出要表现出真诚的兴趣，其中的“sincere”与前文的“genuine”呼应，呼应后文的好处。故选F。 5．前文“And if you want to be more social and start talking to people more, then show your interest in people by asking how their day is going, how they’re feeling, and what they have coming up.（如果你想更善于社交，开始和别人多说话，那就问问他们今天过得怎么样，感觉怎么样，有什么事要做，以此来表达你对他们的兴趣。）”具体介绍如何问关于他人的问题，G项“They will show you want to open up and are waiting for people to get you talking.（它们会表现出你想要敞开心扉，等待别人和你说话。）”符合语境，说明问这些问题带来的好处，其中的“They”指前文的各种问题。故选G。 试卷第14页，共33页 24 / 39 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $