Unit 2 A green life（期中知识清单）五年级英语上学期（外研版三起·新教材）

该小学英语知识清单聚焦外研版三起五年级上学期Unit 2“A green life”单元，系统梳理Do型祈使句、Let型祈使句、should用法、环保主题特殊疑问句等核心语法点及相关语言知识，搭建从基础句型解析到写作应用的递进式学习支架。 清单以分类分级方式构建知识体系，每个考点含“核心结构+用法场景+专项练习”，如Do型祈使句明确肯定/否定式结构并配“大显身手”题，培养语言能力。写作指引采用“三步三要素法”，结合环保词汇句型表，提升思维品质。综合训练含生活常识判断等设计，便利学生自主复习，教师可据此精准教学，高效提升学习能力。

知识清单·外研版三起五年级上学期（新教材） Unit 2 A green life 知识梳理 知识点拨 【考点一】 Do型祈使句的用法 【考点二】询问用来做什么的句型 【考点三】 关于环保的Let型祈使句 【考点四】should的用法 【考点五】询问具体行动方式的特殊疑问句 考点一：Do型祈使句的用法 【课文原句】 Give those cans to me, please.请把那些罐子给我。 Don't throw it away.别把它扔掉。 Take it.拿着。 Wait and see！拭目以待！ 本单元中多次出现了肯定和否定祈使句，现在我们来总结一下！ Do 型祈使句是祈使句中最基础的类型，核心结构是直接用动词原形开头，用来向对方传达命令、请求、建议等，默认主语是 “你 / 你们” 且通常省略。 核心结构 肯定式：动词原形 + 其他. 例：Open the window.（打开窗户。） Pass me the book, please.（请把书递给我。） 否定式：Don’t + 动词原形 + 其他. 例：Don’t eat in class.（别在课堂上吃东西。） Don’t forget your umbrella.（别忘了你的伞。） 主要用法与场景 · 表达日常请求（加 “please” 显礼貌） 适用场景：朋友、同事、陌生人之间，日常沟通常用。 例句：Help me carry this bag, please.（请帮我拎一下这个包。）/ Wait for me at the door, please.（请在门口等我。） 注意事项 · 不能加主语：即使想明确指向某人，也不能说 “You open the door”，需省略 “You”，直接说 “Open the door”。 · 否定式只用 “Don’t”：不能用 “Not” 开头，比如 “Not touch it” 是错误的，正确表达是 “Don’t touch it”。 【大显身手】 选择题。 ( ) 1．______ move. He hurt his leg. A．Don’t B．don’t C．Do ( ) 2．Please ______ your homework first(首先). A．does B．do C．have ( ) 3．Please ______ down and listen to me. A．sit B．sits C．sitting 句型转换。 4．Take some medicine. (改为否定句) take medicine. 5．Please walk on the street. (变成否定句) 考点二：询问用来做什么的句型 【课文原句】But what for? 但是用来做什么呢？ 这是一个省略型特殊疑问句，完整结构可理解为 “But what is it for?”（但它是用来做什么的？）。 【重点解析】 · “what” 是特殊疑问词，在句中作介词 “for” 的宾语，用于询问目的、用途。 · “for” 是介词，意为 “为了；用于”，与 “what” 搭配构成 “what for” 这一固定表达，用于询问事物的用途或行为的目的。 I’m going to buy a new bike. 我打算买一辆新自行车。 But what for? You already have one. 但用来做什么呢？你已经有一辆了。 【大显身手】 选择题。 ( ) 1．当你向奶奶要用完的牛奶盒的时候，奶奶吃惊的问： A．What’s the matter? B．What for? C．What can you do? ( ) 2．—Please give the old clothes to me. —______ A．Don’t throw it away. B．Let's do it together. C．But what for? 考点三：关于环保的Let型祈使句 【课文原句】Let's start now for a green world!让我们现在就行动起来，为了一个绿色的世界！ 【句型结构】Let’s + 动词原形 + 时间状语 + 目的状语 【重点解析】 · Let’s是 Let us的缩写，意为 让我们”，用于提出建议、号召共同行动； · start是动词原形，作谓语； · now是时间状语。 知识总结：Let型祈使句 Let 型祈使句是祈使句的重要类别，核心是通过 “Let” 引导，表达 “让某人做某事” 的请求、建议或允许，语气比直接用动词原形的 Do 型祈使句更委婉。 核心句型结构 Let 型祈使句主要有两种基础结构，关键区别在于 “宾语” 的不同： 结构类型 公式 说明 第一人称 （包含说话者） Let + us（常缩写为 Let's） + 动词原形 + 其他 Let's play football after school.咱们放学后踢足球吧。 第三人称 / 第二人称 （不包含说话者） Let + 宾语（him/her/them/you 等） + 动词原形 + 其他 Let him finish his homework first.让他先完成作业。 否定式结构 Let's 的否定式：Let's not + 动词原形（不能说 “Don't let's”） 例：Let's not be late.（咱们别迟到了。） 第三人称 / 第二人称的否定式：Don't let + 宾语 + 动词原形 例：Don't let him go alone.（别让他一个人走。） 【大显身手】 选择题。 ( ) 1．Let’s ______ a kite. A．make B．tie C．collect ( ) 2．Let me ______ you how to make a kite. A．to show B．show C．showing ( ) 3．—Let’s ______ to the park this Sunday. —Good idea! A．go B．goes C．going ( ) 4．Let’s ______ a rest. A．have B．has C．had ( ) 5．Let ______play football in the street. A．them B．they C．their 考点四：should的用法 【课文原句】We should bring our own water bottles.我们应该自带水瓶。 【句型结构】主语 + should + 动词原形 + 宾语 【重点解析】 · 语义与功能该句通过情态动词 should 表达建议、义务或责任，语气比 “must”（必须）更温和，强调 “理应做某事”。 · “own” 的用法“own” 是形容词，意为 “自己的”，常与形容词性物主代词（如 our my your 等）搭配，强调所属关系的唯一性，例如 my own car（我自己的车）、their own house（他们自己的房子）。 · 语境适配此句常用于环保、生活习惯等场景，建议人们践行可持续行为，类似表达如 “We should recycle waste.”（我们应该回收垃圾）。 知识拓展：should 的用法 should 是情态动词，无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形，主要有以下用法： 用法 例句 表示 建议、劝告 You should exercise three times a week.你应该一周锻炼三次。 表示义务、责任 We should respect the elderly.我们应该尊重老人。 表示 推测、可能性 It’s 10 o’clock. He should be at home.现在 10 点了，他应该在家。 【大显身手】 用should或shouldn’t填空。​ 1．You go to bed early when you are tired.​ 2．He has a headache. He watch too much TV.​ 3．We drink more water every day.​ 4．She is ill. She go to school today.​ 5．You wash your hands before meals. 考点五：询问具体行动方式的特殊疑问句 【课文原句】What can you do to make your life greener?你能做些什么来让你的生活更环保？ 【句型结构】特殊疑问词 + 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 目的状语（to do 结构） 【重点解析】 · 这是一个用于询问 “具体行动方式” 的特殊疑问句，常用于环保、生活方式类话题的讨论。 · “make + 宾语 + 形容词” 结构“make” 在此处是使役动词，意为 “使；让”，后接宾语（your life）和形容词（greener）作宾语补足语，用来描述 “使宾语处于某种状态”。类似结构如：We should make our city cleaner.（我们应该让我们的城市更干净。） · “greener” 的双关含义“green” 本义是 “绿色的”，在环保语境中引申为 “环保的、可持续的”，“greener” 是其比较级，强调 “更环保的程度”。 【大显身手】 选择题。 ( ) 1．—What can you do to help her? —______ A．I can help her with her Chinese. B．I can go back to school soon. ( ) 2．What can you do to make your life greener? A．We can use more plastic bags. B．We can plant more trees in spring. 写作指引 写作主题：环境保护 方法步骤： 写环境保护类作文，可按 “三步三要素法” 写作。第一步引出话题，简要说明环保的重要性及当前环境面临的问题（如污染、资源短缺等）。第二步具体阐述，从个人行动、社会措施、科技助力三个方面展开。第三步总结呼吁，强调人人参与环保的必要性，提出倡议。 素材积累： 分类 必备词汇 必备句型 引出话题 关键词：environment, pollution, resource, protect 场景：river, forest, city, earth It's important to protect our earth. 具体阐述 个人行动：recycle, reuse, reduce, save water/energy, plant trees 社会措施：make laws, set up organizations, promote green travel科技助力：develop new energy, invent environmental-friendly products We can recycle plastic bottles and paper in our daily life. We should save water by turning off the tap when brushing teeth. The government should make laws to stop pollution. We can go to school by bike or on foot to reduce air pollution. 总结呼吁 关键词：everyone, duty, future, take action Let's take action to make the world a better place for future generations. Everyone can do something to help protect the environment. 小试身手： 杭州是一座美丽的城市。现在杭州正在创建全国文明城市。作为一名小学生，我们更应该积极参与，保护好环境。请以“Keep our city clean”为题，写一篇文章，告诉全体同学要如何保持我们的城市的干净整洁，争创文明城。 要求：语句通顺，前后连贯。 _______________________ Hang Zhou is our home. It is a beautiful city. It is often clean. But sometimes there is _____________ in the street or on the grass. It makes our city dirty. What can we do to keep our city clean? We can __________________________. We can __________________________. We can __________________________. I hope our city can be more beautiful. 范文： Keep our city clean Hang Zhou is our home. It is a beautiful city. It is often clean. But sometimes there is (some) rubbish in the street or on the grass. It makes our city dirty. What can we do to keep our city clean? We can put rubbish in the bin. We can walk to school. We can plant more trees. I hope our city can be more beautiful. 综合训练 一、读一读，选出每组中单词画线部分发音不同的一项。 (     ) 1．A．see B．sea C．set (     ) 2．A．feed B．red C．feet (     ) 3．A．eat B．ready C．meat (     ) 4．A．bread B．read(原形) C．reach (     ) 5．A．deed B．cheek C．check 二、单选题。 (     ) 1．【习语】The proverb “Think today and speak tomorrow.” means “_____” in Chinese. A．知人善任 B．三思而后言 C．生活是自己创造出来的 (     ) 2．______ throw waste paper on the floor. A．Don’t B．Not C．No (     ) 3．—What can you ________? —I can draw and I can make a cake. A．see B．do C．draw (     ) 4．____ write on the book. A．Don’t B．Not C．No (     ) 5．________ learn about animals in Science class. A．Let B．Let’s C．Let we (     ) 6．Don’t _____ on the Great Wall. A．writing B．write C．writes (     ) 7．________ the city clean and tidy, we shouldn’t put shared bikes (共享单车) everywhere. A．Keeps B．To keep C．Keep (     ) 8．Trees help _______ the air clean. A．keep B．keeps C．keeping (     ) 9．You can ______ to school. A．ride your bike B．by bike C．on foot (     ) 10．My father ______ very day. A．walks home B．walks to home C．goes to home 三、【生活常识】判断下列句子是(T)否(F)属于环保行为。 (     ) 1．Use more plastic bags. (     ) 2．Litter in public places. (     ) 3．Keep the river clean and tidy. (     ) 4．Plant more trees and flowers. (     ) 5．We go to school or work by car. (     ) 6．Turn off the TV when we aren't watching. (     ) 7．We print on both sides of the paper. (     ) 8．Leave the water running when we are brushing teeth. 四、环境保护是当下的热门话题。请你阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容选择恰当的词语填空。(其中plant和go用适当形式) plant healthy go Tomorrow clean beautiful Animals more hills great 1. is Tree Planting Day. Many people will go up to the 2. and plant trees. Trees can make the air 3. . 4. and people can get food from them, too. But people are cutting down too many trees, it’s not good. It will bring 5. changes in the weather. It will be too cold or too wet in some places. It will be too hot or too dry in other places. So we must plant 6. trees. They will make the people 7. , and make our country more 8. . Do you want 9. trees? My family 10. up to the hill and planted many trees last year. Now the trees look nice. 五、【新语篇·环保】Sam和他的朋友们昨天参加了主题为“倡导环保，变废为宝”的手工活动，他们在活动中都制作了什么呢？阅读材料，选择正确答案。 Yesterday I used a water bottle to make a vase(花瓶). I cleaned the water bottle and dried it. I coloured it with crayons and put some flowers in it. It was funny! I used some waste paper to make a pen holder(笔筒). I painted some yellow stars on it. It’s bigger than my old pen holder. I like it very much! Yesterday I took a broken chair from my home. My teacher helped me make a nest(鸟窝). My pet bird has its new house now. I’m really happy! (     ) 1．Sam used ______ to make a vase. A．old clothes B．a water bottle C．waste paper (     ) 2．Sam’s old pen holder is ______ than her new one. A．smaller B．longer C．bigger (     ) 3．Who helped Daming make a nest? A．Daming’s teacher. B．Daming’s father. C．Daming’s mother. (     ) 4．How does Daming feel? A．He feels happy. B．He feels sad. C．Sorry, I don’t know. (     ) 5．What can we learn from the text? A．Each bird needs a new nest. B．We can draw pictures on the desk at school. C．Some old things can become useful things. 六、【新语篇·绘本】看图，读关于地球日的文章，完成相关任务。 World Earth Day   April 22nd is World Earth Day. What can we do for the environment? I think each of us can do a little to help.   (1) ________ It helps to protect the environment. We can use more cloth bags.   The second thing we can do is to reuse old textbooks. (2)________   (3) ________ We can save energy in this way.   What’s more, it would be better if we take less cars. (4) ________   (5) ________ We should try our best to reduce pollution and waste. What ELSE can YOU do to help the world? 1．选择适当的句子将文章补充完整，将其字母标号填写在相应的横线上。 A．We can give those books to lower grade students. B．The first thing we can do is to use less plastic bags when we go shopping. C．Then we shouldn’t forget to turn off lights when we leave rooms. D．We can walk or take a bus to school. E．And we can use both sides of the paper when we write. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 2．请根据实际情况回答问题。 What else can you do to help the world? 参考答案 【考点一】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．Don’t any 5．Please don’t walk on the street. 【考点二】 1．B 2．C 【考点三】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．A 【考点四】 1．should 2．shouldn’t 3．should 4．shouldn’t 5．should 【考点五】 1．A 2．B 【综合训练】 一、读一读，选出每组中单词画线部分发音不同的一项。 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．C 二、单选题。 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．A 三、【生活常识】判断下列句子是(T)否(F)属于环保行为。 1．F 2．F 3．T 4．T 5．F 6．T 7．T 8．F 四、环境保护是当下的热门话题。请你阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容选择恰当的词语填空。(其中plant和go用适当形式) 1．Tomorrow 2．hills 3．clean 4．Animals 5．great 6．more 7．healthy 8．beautiful 9．to plant 10．went 五、【新语篇·环保】Sam和他的朋友们昨天参加了主题为“倡导环保，变废为宝”的手工活动，他们在活动中都制作了什么呢？阅读材料，选择正确答案。 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．C 六、【新语篇·绘本】看图，读关于地球日的文章，完成相关任务。 1．B A C D E 2．I can use the water to wash the food first. Then I can use the water to water the plants and clean the floor. 第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $