专题07 语法填空（期中真题汇编，安徽专用）高二英语上学期

专题07 语法填空 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·安庆二中·期中） My time in China was a(n) 1 (enjoy) experience. Every day was a new adventure. I worked out 2 (regular) and made 3 (prepare) for Chinese martial arts. While I was in Beijing, I climbed the Great Wall of China, and visited Tian’anmen Square, the Palace Museum and the Bird’s Nest Olympic stadium. I also had the opportunity of 4 (stick) in a Beijing thunderstorm, bargaining in the market, and riding the high-speed train. While I was in Tianjin, I 5 (study) at Nankai University. I was taking the Chinese language and culture courses. 6 I enjoyed most is that whatever I learned in class. I would use it outside to communicate with people. Having the opportunity 7 (speak) Mandarin every day really improved my learning. In the afternoon I would have culture classes 8 I would learn about Chinese calligraphy, Beijing opera, Chinese martial arts, Chinese cooking and many other subjects. The mix of learning about the language and culture made each day of class 9 (amaze). I believe that the key 10 studying abroad successfully is the attitude you carry. Going to China, I was open-minded and had a very positive attitude. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·合肥一六八中学·期中） Today is my son Matthew’s last day at home before college. I know that this is good news. I feel extremely proud that Matthew will go to a great school. But looking at the suitcases on his bed sends me out of the room to a hidden corner where I can’t stop crying 1 (bitter). Maybe it’s normal for most people. 2 (feel) rather depressed, I tell myself, “Pull yourself together!” There are parents sending their kids off to battle fields. One of the greatest gifts of my life is my boys, Matthew and John Owen. Through them, I have explored the mysterious and complicated bond between fathers and sons over the past years. By the time Saturday came around, I 3 (be) unable to enjoy the day’s activities. Now, standing among Matthew’s so many things including a collection of science magazines, all of a sudden, I realize it’s me who has become a boy again. All my sadness and longing 4 (hold) on to things are back. His bed, 5 position is in the corner of the room, is tidy and clean. It already has the feel of a guest bed. In my mind, I remember wrapping him in his favorite blanket. That was our nightly routine until one evening he said, “Daddy, I don’t think I need a blanket tonight.” I think of all the times when we lay among the covers, reading books or magazines, which is our real 6 (prefer). I look at the bed and think of all the times a couple of months ago when I was 7 (annoy) by how late he was sleeping. I’ll never have to worry about that again. For his part, Matthew, who is so 8 (ambition) a boy, has been a rock. He is treating the time to leave as just another day at home. After all, someone’s got to be strong. The reason why I’m proud is 9 he is charging into the first chapter of his adult life with such confidence. I myself am to blame 10 the feelings of sorrow. 主题02 人与社会——社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·皖豫名校·期中） Lying at a strategic point along the Silk Route, the 492 caves (洞穴) in Mogao are famous for their statues and wall paintings, presenting 1,000 years of Buddhist art. The Mogao Caves, 1 are in the southeast of Dunhuang, Gansu Province, consist 2 the largest, most richly endowed, and longest used treasure house of Buddhist art in the world. The Caves 3 (build) in 366 AD and represent the great achievement of Buddhist art from the 4th to the 14th century. The Caves are currently under national protection, 4 (house) about 45,000 square meters of wall paintings and more than 2,000 painted sculptures. The Mogao Caves are extremely 5 (value) in some way. These works provide a lot of materials displaying various 6 (aspect) of medieval (中世纪的) politics, economics, culture, arts, religion, ethnic relations, and daily dress in western China. The uniqueness of Dunhuang art is not only the combination of Han Chinese artistic tradition and styles from ancient Indian and Gandharan customs, but also an integration (融合) of the arts of the Turks, ancient Tibetans 7 other Chinese ethnic minorities (少数民族). Many of these masterpieces are creations of an unmatched aesthetic talent. The 8 (discover) of the Library Cave at the Mogao Caves in 1990, together with the tens of thousands of manuscripts and relics it contained, has been considered 9 (be) the world’s greatest one of ancient Oriental culture. This significant heritage provides a fine reference for studying 10 history of ancient China and Central Asia. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·宿州示范高中·期中） New research out of China suggests a link between cellphone use and an increased risk of heart disease, especially among smokers and diabetics (糖尿病患者). The study authors 1 (part) blame (归咎于) this association on poor sleep, psychological stress and neuroticism (神经质). However, it’s important to point out that this study is based on information 2 (collect) nearly 20 years ago. Between 2006 and 2010, researchers asked 444,000 middle-aged adults 3 (report) their cellphone usage. About 23% of the participants used their phones for an hour 4 more weekly. During the study, over 56,000 participants developed heart diseases. And those who regularly used cellphones, especially smokers and diabetics, had a much 5 (high) risk. Despite these findings, the study has limitations. The study 6 (carry) out before the widespread use of modern smartphones, 7 are now used for more activities like entertainment and social networking. Researchers from the University of Toronto stressed the 8 (important) of being careful when applying these findings to today’s cellphone use. Additionally, a recent World Health Organization review found no connection __ 9 cellphone radiation (辐射) and brain cancer, concluding that current evidence does not support the idea that cellphone use is 10 (harm) to health. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·安徽·期中） Mengding Mountain is located on the Tibetan Plateau in Sichuan Province. It 1 (consider) by tea historians to be the birthplace of planted tea in China. Mengding Mountain is situated northwest of Mt Eme. Huang Ya is 2 springtime phenomenon: they are ‘first-of-the-season’small, tender(嫩的), juicy shoots 3 (fill) with the vitality of tea bushes 4 are beginning their annual growth cycle. Yellow teas are 5 (increasing) uncommon in China because few tea makers specialize in 6 (make) them today. The extra work involved in making yellow tea is more labor-intensive than that for manufacturing green tea and the market for these teas is judged 7 (be) decreasing. Huang Ya begins when tea 8 (picker) gather delicate shoots and carefully place them into small silk bags to avoid any damage 9 the shoots. Two workers picking in this manner for one full day will gather only one kilo of fresh shoots. This is a very elegant tea. The overall taste sensation of this tea is mineral-stone tender & clean with an underlying layer of 10 (sweet). Mengding Mountain Snow Shoots has a cool quality that ensures its high altitude(海拔) environment and expresses the cool early spring weather. Passage 4 （24-25高二上·安徽池州·期中） Tian Guanxiang, 49, was very pleased to hear that the 1 (tradition) tea-making techniques of China had been listed as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage (非物质遗产). For Tian, tea making is not only a heritage, but is also what has made 2 better life possible for her and her family. The tea farmer’s family lives 3 the foot of the tea hill. 4 (look) back from a window, one can see tea trees colouring the mountain to lively green all year long. “In the past, we were a poor family of nine 5 made a living from tea gardens. In the early years, when I went to the town to sell tea, I could only carry them on my 6 (shoulder), with two heavy bags hung on each end of the pole,” Tian said. Thanks to local poverty reduction (脱贫) efforts, the village now has built roads and Internet access, with a road going straight to the door of Tian’s home, and tap water flowing 7 (direct) into her kitchen. In 2020, several experts 8 (invite) to the county to serve as chief scientists for the local tea. The experts told tea farmers 9 (stop) using pesticides (农药)， promising that they have better ways to kill the pests. “With good quality, our tea sells at a better price. Growing and selling tea makes our lives better and, moreover, 10 (attract) more tourists to the tea gardens. Now, our village has become a scenic spot,” Tian said. Passage 5 （23-24高二上·宿州示范高中·期中） Featuring a dynamic story of the legendary dragon’s descendants, the 2023 Dragon Festival returned to Toronto with culture, food and new lion dance 1 (competition) two years after the COVID-19 pandemic. The three-day festival from Sept 1 to 3 in Toronto’s Nathan Philips Square featured 2 range of activities. Dragon and lion dances, acrobatics, Chinese folk music, waist drum dances, tai chi, martial arts on water and ethnic music 3 (perform) by Canadian and Chinese artists. “We hope the festival 4 (far) demonstrates the important position of Chinese culture in Canada’s multiculturalism.” Zhang Jian, chairman of the CACPA, said. “This vivid and interesting picture highlights the cross-culture value of the festival beyond national borders, and 5 (encourage) people to deeply explore the connections 6 different countries and cultures.” As a symbol in traditional Chinese Culture, the dragon symbolizes happiness and luck, 7 reflects the creative talents, wisdom and perseverance of Chinese descendants. Visitors also tasted delicious Chinese and Asian street food, while 8 (watch) an improvised reflection water show presented by Chinese Canadian communities. “The performing and shows are 9 (amaze). I am impressed with the splendid 5,000 years history of China.” visitor James Taylor told China Daily. “From diverse culture presentations to delicious food, my family and I find all our favorites here,” Annie Kelly, 10 was accompanied by her husband and two children, said. Passage 6 （24-25高二上·江淮名校·期中） With a history of more than 2,000 years, Jingdezhen is now a small city in the northeast corner of China’s Jiangxi Province. But this ancient Chinese town gave the country not only centuries of great international influence, 1 its English name “China”. Jingdezhen set out 2 (produce) porcelain as early as the 6th century AD, and it witnessed 3 rapid increase in production during the Song Dynasty. However, because of excessive production during that period, soon the white clay in Jingdezhen was consumed. 4 (fortunate) , a new type of material 5 (call) Kaolin clay, which can stand temperatures as high as 1,300 degrees Celsius during firing, 6 (discover) in its surrounding areas in the early Yuan Dynasty. Also, this material contains high alumina (氧化铝), which result 7 much purer whiteness in Kaolin porcelain. Ever since the use of Kaolin clay, Jingdezhen porcelain 8 (come) to be known in the world for its unique 9 (characteristic) of “being as white and smooth as jade and as thin as a piece of paper, and able to produce a crisp sound as a chime”. During the Song Dynasty, Jingdezhen mainly produced Qingbai Ci, or bluish-white porcelain, and later it began to produce Qinghua Ci, 10 soon attracted great interest in China as well as many places around the world. Passage 7 （23-24高二上·阜阳三中·期中） Built around 605 in China’s Sui Dynasty (581-618), Zhaozhou Bridge is the oldest 1 (exist) bridge in China. It stretches across the Xiao River, 2500 meters from the southern gate of Zhao County (县), Hebei province. Li Chun, a Sui Dynasty architect, presided (主持) over its 2 (construct). In the Sui Dynasty, Zhaozhou Bridge connected north and south as 3 major transportation centre. With the Xiao River 4 (break) the south-north traffic, building a bridge was 5 (bad) needed. Given that the river dried up in spring and winter 6 flooded in summer and autumn, the bridge had to be designed to withstand severe hydrologic (水文的) conditions. The Zhaozhou Bridge bears two pairs of small arches (拱门) at each side of the central arch. All of the arches are circular and built of stone. 7 (compare) with a filled spandrel (拱肩) arch, this single-span open-spandrel arch minimized water blockage and increased the flow area by 16.5%, especially when the Xiao River was flooded. Besides, as the bridge was single span, the weight of the whole bridge and its traffic load 8 (shoulder) by two arch feet, causing great pressure on the abutments (桥墩) 9 help to transfer the load on the large arches by more than 500 tons and save more than 200 cubic meters of stone. Zhaozhou Bridge is the world’s earliest open-spandrel arched bridge, 700 years earlier 10 its European counterparts. 主题03 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·安庆七中·期中） Air pollution has largely gone under-reported by the media, yet despite 1 (it) silent nature, it’s a killer. According to the Royal Colleges of Physicians and Pediatrics and Child Health, air pollution leads to 40,000 early 2 (death) a year. The trouble is that it’s an indirect killer, which makes the issue hard to examine — meaning the actual figure could be much 3 (high). Then how can we measure and end such a problem? The answer is 4 (surprising) simple. Diesel (柴油) is the largest contributor of nitrogen oxides (氮氧化合物) and around 40 million people in the UK live in areas 5 (pollute) by diesel. We need to stop the production of diesel vehicles as soon as possible, and replace older diesel models 6 eco-friendly alternatives, such as electric vehicles. Apart from ammonia (氨) farming, pollution is actually decreasing globally — except for cities 7 it’s on the rise. In London, nearly 10,000 people died due to the capital’s harmful air, so 8 (create) clean air zones where high-polluting vehicles 9 (ban) would decrease these harmful gases. By moving towards more greenery on rooftops, parks and city centers, big cities could easily remove 10 problem. The answers are there; we just have to start. 主题01 人与社会——社会与文化 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·安庆二中·期中） On every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne leads two of France’s favorite pastimes: coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. There they learn to get 1 touch with their true feelings. Lehanne’s psychology cafe is trying to help the city’s troublesome neighborhood cafes. In the past few years, Parisian cafes 2 (become) victims due to changes in the French lifestyle-longer working hours, a fast-food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend 3 (they) time at home. Luckily, dozens of new theme cafes appear 4 (change) the situation. Cafes focusing on psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, 5 (fill) tables well into the evening. The city’s “psychology cafes”, 6 offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. Middle-aged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love, 7 (angry), and dreams with a psychologist. “There’s 8 strong need in Paris for communication,” says Maurice, a cafe regular who works as a religious instructor in a nearby church. “People have few real friends. What they 9 (real) need is to open up.” Lehanne says she’d like to see psychology cafes all over France. “If people 10 (have) normal lives, these cafes wouldn’t exist,” she says. Passage 2 （23-24高二上·六安新安中学·期中） Yang Liu, 25, who was born and raised in Zunyi, Guizhou, had many dreams as a child. While developing different interests, Yang grew up practicing duzhupiao, or “bamboo-drifting”, a skill which originated in the Chishui River area in Guizhou Province a long time ago. This involves navigating waterways standing on a bamboo raft. However, she didn’t expect it would become a lifelong dream for her 1 (pursue). When Yang was about 4 years old, her grandmother helped her learn swimming first, 2 (hope) Yang would stay healthy through the physical activity. When Yang was 7, she tried bamboo-rafting for 3 first time. When Yang turned 10, she 4 (repeated) lost her balance on the bamboo rafts and fell in the river. As a good 5 (swim), she was not scared but found 6 entertaining. “I can still remember the moment when I successfully drifted on the river for the first time. I was so excited 7 I didn’t want to stop,” recalls Yang. In 2018, she showed drifting with the help of bamboo poles to tourists at a scenic spot in Zunyi. One day, she posted her first short video on social media. The video, 8 showed the young woman’s control and balance, 9 (amaze) viewers. The video went viral and gained over 1 million views. Since then, Yang has been sharing her short videos of drifting by bamboo online. This has won her a large fan base abroad, 10 followers calling her “Kung fu master on water” or “dancing fairy on water.” Passage 3 （23-24高二上·安师大附中·期中） On September 23rd, at the opening ceremony of the 19th Asian Games 1 (hold) in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, torchbearers (火炬手) from both the virtual and real worlds lit the torch together, The torch used in the relay (接力) of the 19th Asian Games 2 (name) the “Eternal Flame”. The 73-centimeter-high torch weighs 1.2 kilograms, and 3 (it) surface features patterns from ancient Chinese culture combined 4 modern design principles. The design of the torch was inspired by jade cong from the Liangzhu Archaeological Ruins, 5 is located in today’s Hangzhou and has been written on the World Heritage List as a 6 (culture) site since July 2019. Jade cong, or yucong, is an ancient ritual article (礼器), proving the 7 (exist) of at least 5,000 years of Chinese civilization. “The 19th Asian Games will leave 8 (last) memories for people around the world,” said Li Yiqing, spokesperson for the 19th Asian Games opening and closing ceremonies operations center. The torch relay for the 19th Asian Games 9 (begin) in Hangzhou on September 8 and ended on September 20. It featured 2,022 torchbearers who passed the torch through 11 cities in Zhejiang Province, showcasing Chinese culture and heartwarming 10 (story) of ordinary people. Passage 4 （23-24高二上·滁州九校联考·期中） Recently, a poll(民意调查) finds that although almost three in four adults played sports when they 1 (be) younger, only one in four continue to play sports as adults. But that decline in interest doesn’t stop parents from encouraging their children to make sports a part of their lives. 2 fact, almost nine in ten parents 3 middle school or high school aged children play sports say that their children benefit 4 great deal or quite a bit from playing sports. And, while most adults no longer play sports 5 (they), the majority of parents say it is very likely or somewhat likely that their children will continue playing sports when they become adults. One in four parents also hope their children will become 6 (profession)athletes. “Sports are an important part of a healthy community. They help children and adults maintain a fit 7 (weigh), teach acceptance and teamwork, and expand opportunity for children 8 (live) in poverty(贫困),” said a researcher. “This poll 9 (indicate) that we must continue to encourage children to play sports, but just as important, we must find ways 10 (keep)adults engaged in sports in order to maintain health and well-being.” Passage 5 （23-24高二上·合肥一中·期中） While the key to success in both 1 (person) and professional relationships lies in your ability 2 (communicate) well, it’s not the words that you use 3 your body language that speaks the loudest. Whether you’re aware 4 it or not, when you interact with others, you’re continuously giving and receiving wordless signals. All of your nonverbal 5 (behavior) — the gestures you make, your tone of voice and how much eye contact you make — send strong messages. They can build trust and draw others towards you, or they can confuse 6 you’re trying to express. These messages don’t stop when you stop speaking, either. Even when you’re silent, you’re still communicating nonverbally. In some instances, what comes out of your mouth and what you communicate through your body language may be two 7 (total) different things. If you say one thing, but your body language says something else, your listener will likely feel that you’re being dishonest. When faced with such 8 (mix) signals, the listeners have to choose whether to believe your verbal or nonverbal messages. Since body language is a natural language that 9 (show) your true feelings and intentions, they’ll likely choose the nonverbal messages. However, by improving how you understand and use nonverbal communication, you can express what you really mean, connect better with others, and build stronger, more 10 (reward) relationships. Passage 6 （24-25高二上·安庆二中·期中） China has set up its 1 (one) deep space exploration laboratory with the purpose of carrying out deep space exploration as well as cutting-edge technology research in the field of spaceflight. The laboratory, 2 (locate) in Anhui province, is a new type of science and technology research and development institution that realizes the integration of science, technology and engineering. The laboratory is 3 (support) deep space exploration and carry out frontier, 4 (base) and strategic research in the field. It will also undertake research and demonstration. The laboratory is an open platform 5 international talents can come to work. After the 6 (complete) of the Tianwen Ⅰ mission, China will also plan a number of Tianwen series of planetary exploration missions to explore the vastness of space. 7 will be the Tianwen Ⅱ, Tianwen Ⅲ, Tianwen Ⅳ, etc. The main task of the follow-up is to explore the asteroids (小行星) in deep space. The asteroid samples 8 (collect) back. After that, China will be prepared to explore Jupiter and other planets in the solar system, 9 (hope) to complete the exploration of 100 astronomical units in 2049, to reach 15 billion kilometers from Earth, or even 10 the edge of the solar system. Passage 7 （24-25高二上·芜湖一中·期中） ChatGPT is best known as 1 AI program creating essays as well as answering questions, but now Microsoft is using the chatbot to control robots. The company’s researchers published a paper on how ChatGPT controls 2 (diversity) robots. “We rely 3 (temporary) on hand-written code (代码) to control robots,” the researchers wrote. Microsoft’s approach also teaches ChatGPT to write some of the computer code. ChatGPT has shown it can write programs in several languages 4 (base) on text requests. So Microsoft’s researchers decided to see if it could write code for robotics hard ware. 5 (help) ChatGPT write the computer code, the researchers first gave the AI program different 6 (instruct) to control a given robot. The team applied the approach 7 several tests, one of 8 included using ChatGPT to write computer code to control a drone. For example, researchers told the chatbot, “Take a selfie using a reflective surface.” ChatGPT then interpreted the request 9 wrote computer code for the drone to fly in front of a mirror taking a selfie. In another instance, ChatGPT 10 (order) to write code to direct a robot arm to build the Microsoft logo using several wooden blocks. 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·安徽无为·期中） Each year, we take more than 100 billion tons of natural materials from the earth 1 (make) the products we buy. However, about two-thirds of them 2 (eventual) becomes waste, including almost 3 billion plastic bottles 3 end up in the ocean every year. Since the 1860s, we 4 (follow) a common business model. Industries take natural materials, they make things, we use them, and then we throw them away. Environmentalists and economists warn that this model is not good for the environment, so they suggest 5 new choice: a circular economy (循环经济). A circular economy 6 (base) on the idea of reducing waste by keeping the natural, materials and products in use for much 7 (long). It works in a circle, very much the way nature does. The circular economy uses a range of 8 (strategy), such as recycling and reusing. In a circular economy, products are designed to be long-lasting and easy to repair from the 9 (begin). In this way, we can keep the balance 10 human and nature. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 语法填空 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·安庆二中·期中） My time in China was a(n) 1 (enjoy) experience. Every day was a new adventure. I worked out 2 (regular) and made 3 (prepare) for Chinese martial arts. While I was in Beijing, I climbed the Great Wall of China, and visited Tian’anmen Square, the Palace Museum and the Bird’s Nest Olympic stadium. I also had the opportunity of 4 (stick) in a Beijing thunderstorm, bargaining in the market, and riding the high-speed train. While I was in Tianjin, I 5 (study) at Nankai University. I was taking the Chinese language and culture courses. 6 I enjoyed most is that whatever I learned in class. I would use it outside to communicate with people. Having the opportunity 7 (speak) Mandarin every day really improved my learning. In the afternoon I would have culture classes 8 I would learn about Chinese calligraphy, Beijing opera, Chinese martial arts, Chinese cooking and many other subjects. The mix of learning about the language and culture made each day of class 9 (amaze). I believe that the key 10 studying abroad successfully is the attitude you carry. Going to China, I was open-minded and had a very positive attitude. 【答案】 1．enjoyable 2．regularly 3．preparations 4．being stuck 5．studied 6．What 7．to speak 8．where 9．amazing 10．to 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中国留学期间的愉快经历。 1．考查形容词。句意：我在中国的那段时间是一段令人愉快的经历。此处应用形容词enjoyable作定语，修饰名词experience，表示“令人愉快的”，故填enjoyable。 2．考查副词。句意：我经常锻炼身体，为中国的材料艺术做准备。空格处用副词修饰动词短语worked out，regular的副词是regularly，意为“有规律地”，故填regularly。 3．考查名词。句意：我经常锻炼身体，为中国的材料艺术做准备。made后用名词作宾语，prepare的名词是preparation，前面无冠词，需用复数，make preparations for是固定短语，意为“为......做准备”，故填preparations。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：我也被困在北京的雷雨中，在市场上讨价还价，坐上高铁。of 是介词，其后用动名词作宾语，我是被困，因此空格处用动名词的被动语态，即being done，stick的过去分词是stuck，故填being stuck。 5．考查动词时态。句意：当我在天津时，我在南开大学学习。由前面的While I was in Tianjin可知，句子时态用一般过去时，描述过去的事情，因此空格处用过去式，故填studied。 6．考查主语从句。句意：我最喜欢的是，无论我在课堂上学到什么，我都会把它用到外面与人交流。空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少enjoyed的宾语，因此空格处用引导词what，指代“我最喜欢的事情”，位于句首，首字母大写，故填What。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：每天有机会说普通话真的提高了我的学习水平。the opportunity后用不定式作后置定语，因此空格处用不定式，故填to speak。 8．考查定语从句的引导词。句意：下午我要上文化课，学习中国书法、京剧、中国武术、中国烹饪和许多其他科目。空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词classes是抽象地点，因此引导词用关系副词where，故填where。 9．考查形容词。句意：学习语言和文化的结合让每一天的课堂都很精彩。“make sth.+形容词”是固定短语，意为“使某物……”，因此空格处用形容词，修饰each day of class应用ing形容词，即amazing，意为“令人惊异的”，故填amazing。 10．考查固定短语和介词。句意：我相信成功留学的关键是你的态度。 the key to doing是固定短语，意为“做某事的关键”，因此空格处是介词to，故填to。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·合肥一六八中学·期中） Today is my son Matthew’s last day at home before college. I know that this is good news. I feel extremely proud that Matthew will go to a great school. But looking at the suitcases on his bed sends me out of the room to a hidden corner where I can’t stop crying 1 (bitter). Maybe it’s normal for most people. 2 (feel) rather depressed, I tell myself, “Pull yourself together!” There are parents sending their kids off to battle fields. One of the greatest gifts of my life is my boys, Matthew and John Owen. Through them, I have explored the mysterious and complicated bond between fathers and sons over the past years. By the time Saturday came around, I 3 (be) unable to enjoy the day’s activities. Now, standing among Matthew’s so many things including a collection of science magazines, all of a sudden, I realize it’s me who has become a boy again. All my sadness and longing 4 (hold) on to things are back. His bed, 5 position is in the corner of the room, is tidy and clean. It already has the feel of a guest bed. In my mind, I remember wrapping him in his favorite blanket. That was our nightly routine until one evening he said, “Daddy, I don’t think I need a blanket tonight.” I think of all the times when we lay among the covers, reading books or magazines, which is our real 6 (prefer). I look at the bed and think of all the times a couple of months ago when I was 7 (annoy) by how late he was sleeping. I’ll never have to worry about that again. For his part, Matthew, who is so 8 (ambition) a boy, has been a rock. He is treating the time to leave as just another day at home. After all, someone’s got to be strong. The reason why I’m proud is 9 he is charging into the first chapter of his adult life with such confidence. I myself am to blame 10 the feelings of sorrow. 【答案】 1．bitterly 2．Feeling 3．was 4．to hold 5．whose 6．preference 7．annoyed 8．ambitious 9．that 10．for 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章描述了作者的儿子马修就要离开家去上大学了，作者依恋难舍的心情。 1．考查副词。句意：但看着他床上的手提箱，我走出房间，躲到一个隐蔽的角落里，在那里我止不住痛苦地哭泣。修饰动词crying用副词。故填bitterly。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：我感到很沮丧，我告诉自己：“振作起来！”有些父母把他们的孩子送到战场上。此处为非谓语，动词和主语之间是主动关系，用其现在分词作状语，表原因。句首单词首字母大写，故填Feeling。 3．考查时态。句意：到了星期六的时候，我已经无法享受这一天的活动了。根据时间状语By the time Saturday came around可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。主谓一致，故填was。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：我所有的悲伤和留恋都回来了。此处用动词不定式是作后置定语修饰名词longing，有将来含义。故填to hold。 5．考查定语从句。句意：他的床在房间的角落里，整洁干净。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为His bed，作定语，应用whose引导。故填whose。 6．考查名词。句意：我想起了我们躺在封面上看书或杂志的所有时光，这是我们真正的偏好。根据前文is our可知，物主代词修饰名词作表语。故填preference。 7．考查形容词。句意：我看着床，想起了几个月前我为他睡得太晚而烦恼的所有时刻。根据前文I was可知，应用ed结尾的形容词作表语，修饰人。故填annoyed。 8．考查形容词。句意：对于马修来说，他是一个如此有抱负的男孩，一直是一个坚如磐石。根据前后文可知，应用形容词作表语，结构为：so+形容词+名词。故填ambitious。 9．考查表语从句。句意：我感到骄傲的原因是他正满怀信心地进入他成年生活的第一章。此处引导表语从句，从句意义完整，用that引导。故填that。 10．考查介词。句意：这种悲伤的感觉应该怪我自己。be to blame for sth“对……负有责任”是固定搭配。故填for。 主题02 人与社会——社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·皖豫名校·期中） Lying at a strategic point along the Silk Route, the 492 caves (洞穴) in Mogao are famous for their statues and wall paintings, presenting 1,000 years of Buddhist art. The Mogao Caves, 1 are in the southeast of Dunhuang, Gansu Province, consist 2 the largest, most richly endowed, and longest used treasure house of Buddhist art in the world. The Caves 3 (build) in 366 AD and represent the great achievement of Buddhist art from the 4th to the 14th century. The Caves are currently under national protection, 4 (house) about 45,000 square meters of wall paintings and more than 2,000 painted sculptures. The Mogao Caves are extremely 5 (value) in some way. These works provide a lot of materials displaying various 6 (aspect) of medieval (中世纪的) politics, economics, culture, arts, religion, ethnic relations, and daily dress in western China. The uniqueness of Dunhuang art is not only the combination of Han Chinese artistic tradition and styles from ancient Indian and Gandharan customs, but also an integration (融合) of the arts of the Turks, ancient Tibetans 7 other Chinese ethnic minorities (少数民族). Many of these masterpieces are creations of an unmatched aesthetic talent. The 8 (discover) of the Library Cave at the Mogao Caves in 1990, together with the tens of thousands of manuscripts and relics it contained, has been considered 9 (be) the world’s greatest one of ancient Oriental culture. This significant heritage provides a fine reference for studying 10 history of ancient China and Central Asia. 【答案】 1．which 2．of 3．were built 4．housing 5．valuable 6．aspects 7．and 8．discovery 9．to be 10．the 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于甘肃省的莫高窟的相关情况。 1．考查定语从句。句意：莫高窟位于甘肃省敦煌东南部，是世界上规模最大、物源最丰富、使用时间最长的佛教艺术宝库。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The Mogao Caves，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 2．考查固定短语。句意：莫高窟位于甘肃省敦煌东南部，是世界上规模最大、物源最丰富、使用时间最长的佛教艺术宝库。本空用介词of，consist of表示“由……组成”。故填of。 3．考查动词语态。句意：这些石窟建于公元366年，代表了从4世纪到14世纪佛教艺术的伟大成就。根据时间状语in 366 AD可知，时态用一般过去时，且build“修建”与其主语the caves之间是被动关系，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were built。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些石窟目前受到国家保护，拥有约45,000平方米的壁画和2,000多件彩绘雕塑。本句谓语为are，此处为非谓语动词，且The Caves与house“容纳”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填housing。 5．考查形容词。句意：莫高窟在某些方面极具价值。本空用形容词valuable“有价值的”，作表语。故填valuable。 6．考查名词的数。句意：这些作品提供了大量材料，展示了中世纪中国西部政治、经济、文化、艺术、宗教、民族关系和日常服饰的各个方面。根据various可知，本空用aspect的复数。故填aspects。 7．考查连词。句意：敦煌艺术的独特性不仅在于汉族艺术传统与古代印度和犍陀罗风俗风格的结合，还在于突厥、古代藏族和其他中国少数民族艺术的融合。此处other Chinese ethnic minorities与前文的the Turks, ancient Tibetans是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 8．考查名词。句意：1990年莫高窟藏经洞的发现，以及其中所含的数万件手稿和文物，一直被认为是古代东方文化中最伟大的遗产之一。本空用名词discovery“发现”，作主语。故填discovery。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：1990年莫高窟藏经洞的发现，以及其中所含的数万件手稿和文物，一直被认为是古代东方文化中最伟大的遗产之一。本句谓语为has been considered，此处为非谓语动词，be considered to be表示“被认为是”，本空用be的不定式。故填to be。 10．考查冠词。句意：这一重要遗产为研究中国古代和中亚历史提供了很好的参考。history是名词，且此处表示特指“中国古代和中亚的历史”，所以用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·宿州示范高中·期中） New research out of China suggests a link between cellphone use and an increased risk of heart disease, especially among smokers and diabetics (糖尿病患者). The study authors 1 (part) blame (归咎于) this association on poor sleep, psychological stress and neuroticism (神经质). However, it’s important to point out that this study is based on information 2 (collect) nearly 20 years ago. Between 2006 and 2010, researchers asked 444,000 middle-aged adults 3 (report) their cellphone usage. About 23% of the participants used their phones for an hour 4 more weekly. During the study, over 56,000 participants developed heart diseases. And those who regularly used cellphones, especially smokers and diabetics, had a much 5 (high) risk. Despite these findings, the study has limitations. The study 6 (carry) out before the widespread use of modern smartphones, 7 are now used for more activities like entertainment and social networking. Researchers from the University of Toronto stressed the 8 (important) of being careful when applying these findings to today’s cellphone use. Additionally, a recent World Health Organization review found no connection __ 9 cellphone radiation (辐射) and brain cancer, concluding that current evidence does not support the idea that cellphone use is 10 (harm) to health. 【答案】 1．partly 2．collected 3．to report 4．or 5．higher 6．was carried 7．which 8．importance 9．between 10．harmful 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现手机使用与心脏病风险增加相关，尤其在吸烟者和糖尿病患者中。 1．考查副词。句意：该研究的作者将这种关联部分归咎于睡眠不足、心理压力和神经质。空处应用副词，修饰动词“blame”，作状语；partly为副词，表示“部分地”，符合句意。故填partly。 2．考查过去分词。句意：然而，重要的是要指出这项研究是基于近20年前收集的信息。根据谓语“is based on”可知，空处应用动词collect的非谓语动词形式，作定语修饰名词“information”，并与其之间为逻辑被动关系，表示“被收集的信息”，故应用过去分词。故填collected。 3．考查动词不定式。句意：2006年至2010年间，研究人员要求444000名中年人报告他们的手机使用情况。根据谓语动词“asked”可知，空处应用动词report的非谓语动词形式；动词短语ask sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，符合句意。故填to report。 4．考查并列连词。句意：约23%的参与者每周使用手机一小时或更长时间。“an hour”与“more”为并列宾语，表示“一小时或更长时间”，应用并列连词or连接，表示选择关系。故填or。 5．考查形容词比较级。句意：而那些经常使用手机的人，尤其是吸烟者和糖尿病患者，风险要高得多。空处应为形容词，修饰名词“risk”，作定语；much后应接形容词比较级，故应用higher，表示“高得多”。故填higher。 6．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这项研究是在现代智能手机广泛使用之前进行的，现在智能手机更多地用于娱乐和社交网络等活动。空处为谓语动词，根据“before the widespread use of modern smartphones”可知，应用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作；动词短语carry out表示“进行、实施”，与主语“The study”之间为被动关系，表示“研究被进行”，谓语为单数形式。故填was carried。 7．考查定语从句。句意：这项研究是在现代智能手机广泛使用之前进行的，现在智能手机更多地用于娱乐和社交网络等活动。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词modern smartphones，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which。故填which。 8．考查名词。句意：多伦多大学的研究人员强调了在将这些发现应用于今天的手机使用时小心谨慎的重要性。空处应用名词，作宾语；importance为名词，表示“重要性”，符合句意。故填importance。 9．考查介词。句意：此外，世界卫生组织最近的一项审查发现手机辐射与脑癌之间没有联系，结论是目前的证据不支持使用手机有害健康的观点。空处应用介词，后接名词短语cellphone radiation作宾语；由and可知，介词短语between...and...表示“在……和……之间”，符合句意。故填between。 10．考查形容词。句意：此外，世界卫生组织最近的一项审查发现手机辐射与脑癌之间没有联系，结论是目前的证据不支持使用手机有害健康的观点。固定短语be harmful to表示“对……有害处”，符合句意，harmful为形容词，作表语。故填harmful。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·安徽·期中） Mengding Mountain is located on the Tibetan Plateau in Sichuan Province. It 1 (consider) by tea historians to be the birthplace of planted tea in China. Mengding Mountain is situated northwest of Mt Eme. Huang Ya is 2 springtime phenomenon: they are ‘first-of-the-season’small, tender(嫩的), juicy shoots 3 (fill) with the vitality of tea bushes 4 are beginning their annual growth cycle. Yellow teas are 5 (increasing) uncommon in China because few tea makers specialize in 6 (make) them today. The extra work involved in making yellow tea is more labor-intensive than that for manufacturing green tea and the market for these teas is judged 7 (be) decreasing. Huang Ya begins when tea 8 (picker) gather delicate shoots and carefully place them into small silk bags to avoid any damage 9 the shoots. Two workers picking in this manner for one full day will gather only one kilo of fresh shoots. This is a very elegant tea. The overall taste sensation of this tea is mineral-stone tender & clean with an underlying layer of 10 (sweet). Mengding Mountain Snow Shoots has a cool quality that ensures its high altitude(海拔) environment and expresses the cool early spring weather. 【答案】 1．is considered 2．a 3．filled 4．that/which 5．increasingly 6．making 7．to be 8．pickers 9．to 10．sweetness 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四川省蒙顶山的黄芽茶的特点和制作过程。 1．考查时态语态。句意：它被茶叶历史学家认为是中国种植茶的发源地。主语It与谓语consider构成被动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is considered。 2．考查冠词。句意：黄芽是一种春天的现象：它们是‘季节之初’的小而嫩的多汁芽，充满了茶树开始其年度生长周期的活力。phenomenon为可数名词，表示泛指一种春天的现象且springtime发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：黄芽是一种春天的现象：它们是‘季节之初’的小而嫩的多汁芽，充满了茶树开始其年度生长周期的活力。空处为非谓语动词，shoots与fill构成被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填filled。 4．考查定语从句。句意：黄芽是一种春天的现象：它们是‘季节之初’的小而嫩的多汁芽，充满了茶树开始其年度生长周期的活力。先行词为tea bushes，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 5．考查副词。句意：黄茶在中国越来越少见，因为今天很少有制茶师专门制作黄茶。修饰形容词uncommon应用副词increasingly，作状语。故填increasingly。 6．考查动名词。句意：黄茶在中国越来越少见，因为今天很少有制茶师专门制作黄茶。介词in后接动名词形式。故填making。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：制作黄茶所涉及的额外工作比制造绿茶更劳动密集型，并且这些茶的市场被认为正在减少。be judged to be doing sth被认为正在做某事。故填to be。 8．考查名词复数。句意：黄芽茶的制作始于采茶者采集嫩芽，并小心地将它们放入小丝袋中以避免任何损坏。根据“gather”可知picker为可数名词，表示复数概念，应用复数形式。故填pickers。 9．考查介词。句意：黄芽茶的制作始于采茶者采集嫩芽，并小心地将它们放入小丝袋中以避免任何损坏。damage to为固定搭配，表示“对……的损害”。故填to。 10．考查名词。句意：这种茶的整体味觉感受是矿物石的嫩滑和清爽，带有一层潜在的甜味。作介词of的宾语，应用名词sweetness，且为不可数名词。故填sweetness。 Passage 4 （24-25高二上·安徽池州·期中） Tian Guanxiang, 49, was very pleased to hear that the 1 (tradition) tea-making techniques of China had been listed as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage (非物质遗产). For Tian, tea making is not only a heritage, but is also what has made 2 better life possible for her and her family. The tea farmer’s family lives 3 the foot of the tea hill. 4 (look) back from a window, one can see tea trees colouring the mountain to lively green all year long. “In the past, we were a poor family of nine 5 made a living from tea gardens. In the early years, when I went to the town to sell tea, I could only carry them on my 6 (shoulder), with two heavy bags hung on each end of the pole,” Tian said. Thanks to local poverty reduction (脱贫) efforts, the village now has built roads and Internet access, with a road going straight to the door of Tian’s home, and tap water flowing 7 (direct) into her kitchen. In 2020, several experts 8 (invite) to the county to serve as chief scientists for the local tea. The experts told tea farmers 9 (stop) using pesticides (农药)， promising that they have better ways to kill the pests. “With good quality, our tea sells at a better price. Growing and selling tea makes our lives better and, moreover, 10 (attract) more tourists to the tea gardens. Now, our village has become a scenic spot,” Tian said. 【答案】 1．traditional 2．a 3．at 4．Looking 5． who/that 6．shoulders 7．directly 8．were invited 9．to stop 10．attracts 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。听说中国的传统制茶技术被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产，49岁的田冠祥女士感到很高兴，对她来说，泡茶不仅是一种遗产，也是她和她的家人过上更好生活的原因。 1．考查形容词。句意：49岁的田冠祥听说中国传统的制茶技术被联合国教科文组织列为非物质文化遗产时非常高兴。此处为形容词traditional作定语，意为“传统的”，修饰名词短语tea-making techniques of China。故填traditional。 2．考查冠词。句意：对田来说，制茶不仅是一种传统，也是让她和她的家人过上更好生活的原因。此处是固定搭配make a better life意为“创造一个更美好的生活”，不定冠词表泛指。故填a 3．考查介词。句意：茶农一家住在茶山脚下。at the foot of为固定短语，含义为“在……脚下”，与句子表达的含义一致。故填 at。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：从窗户向后看，可以看到茶树一年四季都把山染成了生机勃勃的绿色。空白处在句子中作状语，应使用非谓语动词，因look与其逻辑主语 one之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，首字母大写。故填 Looking。 5．考查定语从句。句意：过去，我们是一个贫穷的九口之家，靠茶园为生。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为a poor family of nine，为人，用who或者that在从句中作主语。故填who或者that。 6．考查名词。句意：早些年，当我去镇上卖茶的时候，我只能把它们扛在肩上，竹竿的两端各挂着两个沉重的袋子。根据常识，人的肩膀有两个，所以空白处应填名词shoulder的复数形式。故填 shoulders。 7．考查副词。句意：多亏了当地的扶贫努力，村子里现在修通了公路和互联网，有一条路直接通到田家门口，自来水直接流入她的厨房。空白处在句子中作状语，使用副词，修饰动词flowing。故填 directly。 8．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2020年，几位专家被邀请到该县担任当地茶叶的首席科学家。空白处在句子中作谓语，与主语 several experts之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，结合时间状语In 2020可知，句子表达的是发生在过去的动作，使用一般过去时的被动语态，因主语为复数。故填 were invited。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：专家们告诉茶农停止使用杀虫剂，并承诺他们有更好的方法来杀死害虫。空白处在句子中作宾补，应使用非谓语动词，根据tell sb. to do sth.意为“告诉某人做某事”可知，此处使用动词不定式形式作宾补。故填 to stop。 10．考查动词。句意：种植和销售茶叶使我们的生活更美好，而且，吸引更多的游客到茶园。空白处在句子中作谓语，结合并列谓语 makes可知句子表达的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，动名词短语“Growing and selling tea”作主语，谓语单数形式。故填 attracts。 Passage 5 （23-24高二上·宿州示范高中·期中） Featuring a dynamic story of the legendary dragon’s descendants, the 2023 Dragon Festival returned to Toronto with culture, food and new lion dance 1 (competition) two years after the COVID-19 pandemic. The three-day festival from Sept 1 to 3 in Toronto’s Nathan Philips Square featured 2 range of activities. Dragon and lion dances, acrobatics, Chinese folk music, waist drum dances, tai chi, martial arts on water and ethnic music 3 (perform) by Canadian and Chinese artists. “We hope the festival 4 (far) demonstrates the important position of Chinese culture in Canada’s multiculturalism.” Zhang Jian, chairman of the CACPA, said. “This vivid and interesting picture highlights the cross-culture value of the festival beyond national borders, and 5 (encourage) people to deeply explore the connections 6 different countries and cultures.” As a symbol in traditional Chinese Culture, the dragon symbolizes happiness and luck, 7 reflects the creative talents, wisdom and perseverance of Chinese descendants. Visitors also tasted delicious Chinese and Asian street food, while 8 (watch) an improvised reflection water show presented by Chinese Canadian communities. “The performing and shows are 9 (amaze). I am impressed with the splendid 5,000 years history of China.” visitor James Taylor told China Daily. “From diverse culture presentations to delicious food, my family and I find all our favorites here,” Annie Kelly, 10 was accompanied by her husband and two children, said. 【答案】 1．competitions 2．a 3．were performed 4．further 5．encourages 6．between 7．and 8．watching 9．amazing 10．who 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了2023年以传说中的龙的后裔的动态故事为特色，带着文化、美食和新的舞狮在多伦多举办的端午节比赛，进一步展示中国文化在加拿大多元文化中的重要地位。 1．考查名词。句意：在2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行两年后，2023年端午节以传说中的龙的后裔的动态故事为特色，带着文化、美食和新的舞狮比赛重返多伦多。设空处作介词的宾语，应用名词的形式，空前无限定词修饰，应用名词复数。故填competitions。 2．考查冠词。句意：9月1日至3日，为期三天的节日在多伦多内森飞利浦广场举行，活动丰富多彩。a range of“一系列；一批”是固定短语。故填a。 3．考查谓语动词和时态。句意：舞龙舞狮、杂技、中国民乐、腰鼓舞、太极、水上武术和民族音乐由中加两国艺术家表演。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语之间为被动关系，根据时间状语“from Sept 1 to 3 (9月1日至3日)”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时，设空处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Chinese folk music, waist drum dances, tai chi, martial arts on water and ethnic music为复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故填were performed。 4．考查形容词的比较级。句意：我们希望这个节日能进一步展示中国文化在加拿大多元文化中的重要地位。根据““This vivid and interesting picture highlights the cross-culture value of the festival beyond national borders, and ______5________ (encourage) people to deeply explore the connections ______6________different countries and cultures.”(这幅生动有趣的图片突出了节日超越国界的跨文化价值，并鼓励人们深入探索不同国家和文化之间的联系。)”可知，这个节日能进一步展示中国文化在加拿大多元文化中的重要地位，设空处应用比较级，此处为“进一步”应用further。故填further。 5．考查谓语动词。句意：这幅生动有趣的图片突出了节日超越国界的跨文化价值，并鼓励人们深入探索不同国家和文化之间的联系。设空处和空前的highlights并列作谓语，句子的时态为一般现在时，主语为This vivid and interesting picture，结合主谓一致，故填encourages。 6．考查介词。句意见上题解析。between…and…在……和……之间。故填between。 7．考查连词。句意：龙是中国传统文化中的一种象征，象征着幸福和幸运，体现了中国子孙的创造才能、智慧和毅力。设空处并列谓语动词symbolizes和reflects，表示“和，又，且”应用and。故填and。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：游客们还品尝了美味的中国和亚洲街头小吃，同时观看了加拿大华人社区即兴表演的倒影表演。设空处为状语从句的省略，原句为：while they are watching an improvised reflection water show presented by Chinese Canadian communities，当从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有动词be时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。故填watching。 9．考查形容词。句意：表演和节目令人惊叹。设空处应用形容词作表语，表示事物的特征，应用-ing的形式。故填amazing。 10．考查定语从句的引导词。句意：“从多样的文化展示到美味的食物，我和我的家人都在这里找到了我们最喜欢的东西，”安妮·凯利(Annie Kelly)说，她的丈夫和两个孩子也在她的陪同下。设空处引导非限制性的定语从句，先行词为Annie Kelly，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 Passage 6 （24-25高二上·江淮名校·期中） With a history of more than 2,000 years, Jingdezhen is now a small city in the northeast corner of China’s Jiangxi Province. But this ancient Chinese town gave the country not only centuries of great international influence, 1 its English name “China”. Jingdezhen set out 2 (produce) porcelain as early as the 6th century AD, and it witnessed 3 rapid increase in production during the Song Dynasty. However, because of excessive production during that period, soon the white clay in Jingdezhen was consumed. 4 (fortunate) , a new type of material 5 (call) Kaolin clay, which can stand temperatures as high as 1,300 degrees Celsius during firing, 6 (discover) in its surrounding areas in the early Yuan Dynasty. Also, this material contains high alumina (氧化铝), which result 7 much purer whiteness in Kaolin porcelain. Ever since the use of Kaolin clay, Jingdezhen porcelain 8 (come) to be known in the world for its unique 9 (characteristic) of “being as white and smooth as jade and as thin as a piece of paper, and able to produce a crisp sound as a chime”. During the Song Dynasty, Jingdezhen mainly produced Qingbai Ci, or bluish-white porcelain, and later it began to produce Qinghua Ci, 10 soon attracted great interest in China as well as many places around the world. 【答案】 1．but 2．to produce 3．a 4．Fortunately 5．called 6．was discovered 7．in 8．has come 9．characteristics 10．which 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国瓷器的历史以及发展。 1．考查固定句型。句意：但这个古老的中国小镇不仅给这个国家带来了几个世纪的巨大国际影响力，而且还给了它的英文名字“China”。句型not only…but (also)…表示“不仅……而且……”。故填but。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：景德镇早在公元6世纪就开始生产瓷器，并在宋朝期间见证了产量的快速增长。短语set out to do sth.表示“开始做某事”。故填to produce。 3．考查冠词。句意：景德镇早在公元6世纪就开始生产瓷器，并在宋朝期间见证了产量的快速增长。increase为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且rapid发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰，短语a rapid increase表示“快速增长”。故填a。 4．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，元朝早期在其周边地区发现了一种名为高岭土的新型材料，这种材料在烧制过程中可以承受高达1300摄氏度的高温。修饰后文句子应用副词fortunately，首字母大写。故填Fortunately。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，元朝早期在其周边地区发现了一种名为高岭土的新型材料，这种材料在烧制过程中可以承受高达1300摄氏度的高温。此处call与a new type of material构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填called。 6．考查时态语态。句意：幸运的是，元朝早期在其周边地区发现了一种名为高岭土的新型材料，这种材料在烧制过程中可以承受高达1300摄氏度的高温。主语a new type of material与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文in the early Yuan Dynasty可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was discovered。 7．考查介词。句意：此外，这种材料含有高氧化铝，这使得高岭土瓷器的白度更纯。短语result in表示“导致”。故填in。 8．考查时态。句意：自从使用高岭土以来，景德镇瓷器以其“白如玉、明如镜、薄如纸、声如磬”的独特特性而闻名于世。根据上文Ever since the use of Kaolin clay可知为现在完成时，主语为，助动词用has。故填has come。 9．考查名词的数。句意：自从使用高岭土以来，景德镇瓷器以其“白如玉、明如镜、薄如纸、声如磬”的独特特性而闻名于世。前文没有冠词表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填characteristics。 10．考查定语从句。句意：宋朝时，景德镇主要生产青白瓷，后来开始生产青花瓷，很快在中国和世界许多地方引起了极大的兴趣。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Qinghua Ci，在从句作主语，指物，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 Passage 7 （23-24高二上·阜阳三中·期中） Built around 605 in China’s Sui Dynasty (581-618), Zhaozhou Bridge is the oldest 1 (exist) bridge in China. It stretches across the Xiao River, 2500 meters from the southern gate of Zhao County (县), Hebei province. Li Chun, a Sui Dynasty architect, presided (主持) over its 2 (construct). In the Sui Dynasty, Zhaozhou Bridge connected north and south as 3 major transportation centre. With the Xiao River 4 (break) the south-north traffic, building a bridge was 5 (bad) needed. Given that the river dried up in spring and winter 6 flooded in summer and autumn, the bridge had to be designed to withstand severe hydrologic (水文的) conditions. The Zhaozhou Bridge bears two pairs of small arches (拱门) at each side of the central arch. All of the arches are circular and built of stone. 7 (compare) with a filled spandrel (拱肩) arch, this single-span open-spandrel arch minimized water blockage and increased the flow area by 16.5%, especially when the Xiao River was flooded. Besides, as the bridge was single span, the weight of the whole bridge and its traffic load 8 (shoulder) by two arch feet, causing great pressure on the abutments (桥墩) 9 help to transfer the load on the large arches by more than 500 tons and save more than 200 cubic meters of stone. Zhaozhou Bridge is the world’s earliest open-spandrel arched bridge, 700 years earlier 10 its European counterparts. 【答案】 1．existing 2．construction 3．a 4．breaking 5．badly 6．but 7．Compared 8．was shouldered 9．which/that 10．than 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了中国著名的桥梁——赵州桥。 1．考查形容词。句意：建于隋朝605年的赵州桥是中国现存最古老的桥。此处作定语，修饰名词bridge，故应用形容词“existing现存的，现有的”，故填existing。 2．考查名词。句意：隋朝的建筑师李春主持它的修建。此处作宾语，故应用名词“construction修建，建设”，不可数。故填construction。 3．考查冠词。句意：在隋朝，赵州桥连接南北，作为主要的交通中心。此处“centre中心”为可数名词，且此处泛指“一个中心”，故应用不定冠词，且major以辅音音素开头，故填a。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：洨河阻断了南北交通，因此急需修建一座桥。此处为with的复合结构，宾语the Xiao River与break之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作宾补，故填breaking。 5．考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰动词was needed，故应用副词“badly十分地”作状语，故填badly。 6．考查连词。句意：考虑到洨河在冬天和春天会干涸，然而在夏天和秋天会涨水，因此这座桥必须设计得能经受得住恶劣的水文条件。此处空前“the river dried up in spring and winter”与空后“flooded in summer and autumn”为转折关系，故应用连词but，故填but。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：与填充拱肩相比，这种单弧敞肩石拱桥最大限度地减少了水的堵塞，使过流面积增加了16.5%，尤其是在洨河泛滥时。此处意为“与……相比较”，主语this single-span open-spandrel与compare之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作状语，故填Compared。 8．考查时态和语态。句意：由于该桥单跨，整座桥的重量和交通荷载由两个拱脚承担，给桥墩造成了很大的压力。桥墩有助于大拱转移500多吨的荷载，节省200多立方米的石头。此处为谓语动词，主语为the weight of the whole bridge and its traffic load，且与shoulder之间为被动关系，且根据前文的was可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填was shouldered。 9．考查定语从句。句意同上。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the abutments，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用which/that引导，故填which/that。 10．考查介词。句意：赵州桥是最早的单弧敞肩石拱桥，比欧洲同类桥梁早了700多年。根据空前的比较级earlier可知，此处应用介词than，故填than。 主题03 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·安庆七中·期中） Air pollution has largely gone under-reported by the media, yet despite 1 (it) silent nature, it’s a killer. According to the Royal Colleges of Physicians and Pediatrics and Child Health, air pollution leads to 40,000 early 2 (death) a year. The trouble is that it’s an indirect killer, which makes the issue hard to examine — meaning the actual figure could be much 3 (high). Then how can we measure and end such a problem? The answer is 4 (surprising) simple. Diesel (柴油) is the largest contributor of nitrogen oxides (氮氧化合物) and around 40 million people in the UK live in areas 5 (pollute) by diesel. We need to stop the production of diesel vehicles as soon as possible, and replace older diesel models 6 eco-friendly alternatives, such as electric vehicles. Apart from ammonia (氨) farming, pollution is actually decreasing globally — except for cities 7 it’s on the rise. In London, nearly 10,000 people died due to the capital’s harmful air, so 8 (create) clean air zones where high-polluting vehicles 9 (ban) would decrease these harmful gases. By moving towards more greenery on rooftops, parks and city centers, big cities could easily remove 10 problem. The answers are there; we just have to start. 【答案】 1．its 2．deaths 3．higher 4．surprisingly 5．polluted 6．with 7．where 8．creating 9．are banned 10．the 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了无声的杀手——空气污染的危害。 1．考查代词。句意：空气污染在很大程度上没有被媒体报道，尽管它本质上是无声无息的，但它却是一个杀手。此处应用形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰名词nature，故填its。 2．考查名词的数。句意：根据皇家内科医学院、儿科和儿童健康学院的数据，空气污染每年导致40000 人过早死亡。此处应用名词death作宾语，由40,000可知，应用复数，故填deaths。 3．考查形容词比较级。句意：问题在于它是一个间接杀手，这使得这个问题很难检查——这意味着实际数字可能要高得多。此处表示“实际数字可能更高”，应用形容词higher作表语，故填higher。 4．考查副词。句意：他的答案出奇的简单。此处应用副词surprisingly作状语，修饰形容词simple，故填surprisingly。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：柴油是氮氧化物的最大来源，英国约有 4000 万人生活在受到柴油污染的地区。此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰areas，动词pollute和areas是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语，故填polluted。 6．考查固定搭配。句意：我们需要尽快停止生产柴油车，并用电动汽车等环保替代品取代旧的柴油车型。replace...with...固定搭配，意为“用……取代……”，故填with。 7．考查定语从句。句意：除了氨农业之外，全球污染实际上正在减少——除了城市的污染正在上升。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词cities，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导定语从句，故填where。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：在伦敦，近万人因首都的有害空气而死亡，因此建立禁止高污染车辆通行的清洁空气区将减少这些有害气体。作主语，应用动名词creating，故填creating。 9．考查时态和语态。句意：在伦敦，近万人因首都的有害空气而死亡，因此建立禁止高污染车辆通行的清洁空气区将减少这些有害气体。此处在where引导的定语从句中作谓语，主语high-polluting vehicles和动词ban是被动关系，且句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词应用are。故填are banned。 10．考查冠词。句意：通过在屋顶、公园和市中心增加绿化，大城市可以轻松解决这个问题。此处特指城市污染这一问题，应用定冠词the来修饰，故填the。 主题01 人与社会——社会与文化 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·安庆二中·期中） On every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne leads two of France’s favorite pastimes: coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. There they learn to get 1 touch with their true feelings. Lehanne’s psychology cafe is trying to help the city’s troublesome neighborhood cafes. In the past few years, Parisian cafes 2 (become) victims due to changes in the French lifestyle-longer working hours, a fast-food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend 3 (they) time at home. Luckily, dozens of new theme cafes appear 4 (change) the situation. Cafes focusing on psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, 5 (fill) tables well into the evening. The city’s “psychology cafes”, 6 offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. Middle-aged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love, 7 (angry), and dreams with a psychologist. “There’s 8 strong need in Paris for communication,” says Maurice, a cafe regular who works as a religious instructor in a nearby church. “People have few real friends. What they 9 (real) need is to open up.” Lehanne says she’d like to see psychology cafes all over France. “If people 10 (have) normal lives, these cafes wouldn’t exist,” she says. 【答案】 1．in 2．have become 3．their 4．to change 5．filling 6．which 7．anger 8．a 9．really 10．had 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴黎的心理咖啡馆的变化情况。 1．考查介词。句意：在那里，他们学会接触自己的真实感受。此处是固定搭配：get in touch with意为“和…接触”。故填in。 2．考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几年里，由于法国人生活方式的变化——工作时间的延长、快餐的兴起以及年轻一代希望呆在家里——巴黎的咖啡馆成了受害者。分析知空处为谓语动词，时间状语In the past few years意为“在过去的几年里”经常和现在完成时连用，句子主语Parisian cafes为复数，所以空处应填have become。故填have become。 3．考查代词。句意：在过去的几年里，由于法国人生活方式的变化——工作时间的延长、快餐的兴起以及年轻一代希望呆在家里——巴黎的咖啡馆成了受害者。结合句意及空后的名词time可知应填形容词性物主代词，作定语。故填their。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，几十家新的主题咖啡馆似乎改变了这种状况。此处是固定搭配：appear to do意为“似乎做了某事”。故填to change。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：专注于心理学、历史和工程学的咖啡馆也开始流行起来，一直到晚上都座无虚席。分析句子结构及句意可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，句子主语Cafes与fill之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表主动，作状语。故填filling。 6．考查定语从句。句意：这座城市的“心理咖啡馆”提供了极大的舒适，是最受欢迎的地方之一。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为The city’s “psychology cafes”，从句缺主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 7．考查名词。句意：中年家庭主妇、退休人员和失业者来到这里，与心理学家讨论爱、愤怒和梦想。结合句意空处应填名词形式anger，与空前的love以及空后的dream并列作宾语。故填anger。 8．考查冠词。句意：“在巴黎，人们对交流有着强烈的需求，”莫里斯说，他是一家咖啡馆的常客，在附近的一座教堂担任宗教导师。表示“一种需求”应用不定冠词，且strong的发音是辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 9．考查副词。句意：他们真正需要的是开放。分析知，空处修饰空后的动词，应该用副词修饰。故填really。 10．考查虚拟语气。句意：“如果人们过着正常的生活，这些咖啡馆就不会存在了，”她说。分析知，本句是if引导的虚拟语气，描述的是和现在事实相反，if从句中动词用过去式。故填had。 Passage 2 （23-24高二上·六安新安中学·期中） Yang Liu, 25, who was born and raised in Zunyi, Guizhou, had many dreams as a child. While developing different interests, Yang grew up practicing duzhupiao, or “bamboo-drifting”, a skill which originated in the Chishui River area in Guizhou Province a long time ago. This involves navigating waterways standing on a bamboo raft. However, she didn’t expect it would become a lifelong dream for her 1 (pursue). When Yang was about 4 years old, her grandmother helped her learn swimming first, 2 (hope) Yang would stay healthy through the physical activity. When Yang was 7, she tried bamboo-rafting for 3 first time. When Yang turned 10, she 4 (repeated) lost her balance on the bamboo rafts and fell in the river. As a good 5 (swim), she was not scared but found 6 entertaining. “I can still remember the moment when I successfully drifted on the river for the first time. I was so excited 7 I didn’t want to stop,” recalls Yang. In 2018, she showed drifting with the help of bamboo poles to tourists at a scenic spot in Zunyi. One day, she posted her first short video on social media. The video, 8 showed the young woman’s control and balance, 9 (amaze) viewers. The video went viral and gained over 1 million views. Since then, Yang has been sharing her short videos of drifting by bamboo online. This has won her a large fan base abroad, 10 followers calling her “Kung fu master on water” or “dancing fairy on water.” 【答案】 1．to pursue 2．hoping 3．the 4．repeatedly 5．swimmer 6．it 7．that 8．which 9．amazed 10．with 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了非遗绝技“独竹漂”的传承人杨柳追寻自己梦想的经历，她还通过发布自己独竹漂的视频让更多的人了解这一文化。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，她没想到这会成为她毕生追求的梦想。dream等表达目的、梦想、愿望的名词后常跟不定式作后置定语，所以这里用动词不定式。故填to pursue。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：杨大约4岁的时候，她的奶奶先帮她学游泳，希望杨能通过体育运动保持健康。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语her grandmother和hope之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词，作状语。故填hoping。 3．考查冠词。句意：杨7岁时，她第一次尝试独竹漂。for the first time意为“第一次”，为介词短语，在句中作时间状语。故填the。 4．考查副词。句意：杨10岁时，她多次在竹筏上失去平衡，掉进河里。分析句子可知，空处应用副词，作状语，修饰动词lost。repeatedly意为“反复地，再三地”。故填repeatedly。 5．考查名词。句意：作为一个游泳好手，她并不害怕，反而觉得很有趣。根据空前的a good可知，空处应用名词单数。swimmer意为“游泳者”，为可数名词。故填swimmer。 6．考查代词。句意参考上题。分析句子结构，这里是“find+宾语+宾补”结构。宾语指代的是上文“she　　4　　(repeated) lost her balance on the bamboo rafts and fell in the river”这件事，所以应用it。故填it。 7．考查结果状语从句。句意：我激动得不想停下来。分析句子结构，这里是so...that...结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。 8．考查定语从句。句意：这段视频显示了这位年轻女子的控制能力和平衡能力，令观众大为惊讶。分析可知，“___8___ showed the young woman’s control and balance”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The video，指物，且在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。 9．考查动词时态。句意参考上题。分析句子可知，所填动词为主句的谓语动词，结合前文“One day, she posted her first short video on social media.(有一天，她在社交媒体上发布了自己的第一个短视频。)”可知，这里陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填amazed。 10．考查介词。句意：这为她在国外赢得了大量粉丝，粉丝们称她为“水上功夫大师”或“水上舞蹈仙女”。分析句子结构可知，“___10___ followers calling her…”为伴随状语，这里是with复合结构中的“with+名词+v.-ing”形式。故填with。 Passage 3 （23-24高二上·安师大附中·期中） On September 23rd, at the opening ceremony of the 19th Asian Games 1 (hold) in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, torchbearers (火炬手) from both the virtual and real worlds lit the torch together, The torch used in the relay (接力) of the 19th Asian Games 2 (name) the “Eternal Flame”. The 73-centimeter-high torch weighs 1.2 kilograms, and 3 (it) surface features patterns from ancient Chinese culture combined 4 modern design principles. The design of the torch was inspired by jade cong from the Liangzhu Archaeological Ruins, 5 is located in today’s Hangzhou and has been written on the World Heritage List as a 6 (culture) site since July 2019. Jade cong, or yucong, is an ancient ritual article (礼器), proving the 7 (exist) of at least 5,000 years of Chinese civilization. “The 19th Asian Games will leave 8 (last) memories for people around the world,” said Li Yiqing, spokesperson for the 19th Asian Games opening and closing ceremonies operations center. The torch relay for the 19th Asian Games 9 (begin) in Hangzhou on September 8 and ended on September 20. It featured 2,022 torchbearers who passed the torch through 11 cities in Zhejiang Province, showcasing Chinese culture and heartwarming 10 (story) of ordinary people. 【答案】 1．held 2．is named/was named 3．its 4．with 5．which 6．cultural 7．existence 8．lasting 9．began 10．stories 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了杭州亚运会火炬的设计灵感来源以及亚运会火炬传递情况。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：9月23日，在中国浙江省杭州市举行的第19届亚运会开幕式上，来自虚拟世界和现实世界的火炬手们共同点燃了火炬。分析句子结构可知hold与逻辑主语the opening ceremony of the 19th Asian Games构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填held。 2．考查时态语态。句意：在第19届亚运会传递中使用的火炬被命名为“永恒之火”。主语与谓语构成被动关系，此处可用一般现在时的被动语态或用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为The torch，谓语用单数。故填is named/was named。 3．考查代词。句意：火炬高73厘米，重1.2公斤，火炬表面的图案结合了中国古代文化和现代设计原则。修饰名词surface应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 4．考查介词。句意：火炬高73厘米，重1.2公斤，火炬表面的图案结合了中国古代文化和现代设计原则。表示“结合”短语为combine with。故填with。 5．考查定语从句。句意：火炬的设计灵感来自良渚考古遗址的玉雕，良渚考古遗址位于今天的杭州，于2019年7月被列入世界文化遗产名录。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Liangzhu Archaeological Ruins，在从句中作主语，指物。故填which。 6．考查形容词。句意：火炬的设计灵感来自良渚考古遗址的玉雕，良渚考古遗址位于今天的杭州，于2019年7月被列入世界文化遗产名录。修饰名词site应用形容词cultural，故填cultural。 7．考查名词。句意：玉琮是一种古老的仪式用品，证明了中国文明至少有5000年的历史。作prove的宾语，应用名词existence，不可数。故填existence。 8．考查形容词。句意：第19届亚运会开闭幕式运营中心发言人李毅清表示：“第19届亚运会将给全世界人民留下永久的回忆。”修饰名词memories，表示“永久的”应用形容词lasting。故填lasting。 9．考查时态。句意：第19届亚运会火炬传递于9月8日在杭州开始，于9月20日结束。根据后文on September 20可知为一般过去时。故填began。 10．考查名词的数。句意：2022名火炬手在浙江省的11个城市传递火炬，展示了中国文化和普通人的感人故事。story为可数名词，前文没有冠词表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填stories。 Passage 4 （23-24高二上·滁州九校联考·期中） Recently, a poll(民意调查) finds that although almost three in four adults played sports when they 1 (be) younger, only one in four continue to play sports as adults. But that decline in interest doesn’t stop parents from encouraging their children to make sports a part of their lives. 2 fact, almost nine in ten parents 3 middle school or high school aged children play sports say that their children benefit 4 great deal or quite a bit from playing sports. And, while most adults no longer play sports 5 (they), the majority of parents say it is very likely or somewhat likely that their children will continue playing sports when they become adults. One in four parents also hope their children will become 6 (profession)athletes. “Sports are an important part of a healthy community. They help children and adults maintain a fit 7 (weigh), teach acceptance and teamwork, and expand opportunity for children 8 (live) in poverty(贫困),” said a researcher. “This poll 9 (indicate) that we must continue to encourage children to play sports, but just as important, we must find ways 10 (keep)adults engaged in sports in order to maintain health and well-being.” 【答案】 1．were 2．In 3．whose 4．a 5．themselves 6．professional 7．weight 8．living 9．indicates 10．to keep 【导语】这是一篇说明文。民意调查显示几乎四分之三的成年人在年轻时参加过体育运动，但只有四分之一的人成年后继续参加体育运动。体育运动不仅能帮助小孩健康成长，同时也能让成年人保持健康和幸福。 1．考查时态。句意：最近，一项民意调查发现，尽管几乎四分之三的成年人在年轻时参加过体育运动，但只有四分之一的人成年后继续参加体育运动。分析句子结构可知，成年人小的时候应该是过去事实，应使用一般过去时，且从句中主语they（他们）是复数概念，空处应使用be动词过去式were。故填were。 2．考查介词。句意：事实上，近十分之九的初高中孩子参加体育运动的父母说，他们的孩子从体育运动中受益匪浅。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语in fact，意为“事实上”。位于句首时首字母大写。故填In。 3．考查定语从句。事实上，近十分之九的初高中孩子参加体育运动的父母说，他们的孩子从体育运动中受益匪浅。分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词parents（家长）指人，且从句中缺少定语，可使用关系代词whose在从句中作定语。故填whose。 4．考查冠词。句意：事实上，近十分之九的初高中孩子参加体育运动的父母说，他们的孩子从体育运动中受益匪浅。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语a great deal，意为“很多”。故填a。 5．考查代词。句意：而且，虽然大多数成年人自己不再参加体育运动，但大多数父母说，他们的孩子长大后很可能或有可能继续参加体育运动。分析句子结构可知，句中主语adults（成人）与宾语为同一对象时，应使用其反身代词。故填themselves。 6．考查形容词。句意：四分之一的父母也希望自己的孩子成为职业运动员。分析句子结构可知，空处可使用形容词professional（职业的；专业的）在句中作定语修饰名词athletes（运动员）。故填professional。 7．考查名词。句意：它们帮助儿童和成人保持合适的体重，教导接受和团队合作，并为生活在贫困中的儿童扩大机会。分析句子结构和不定冠词a可知，空处可使用单数名词weight（体重）在句中作宾语。故填weight。 8．考查非谓语。句意：它们帮助儿童和成人保持合适的体重，教导接受和团队合作，并为生活在贫困中的儿童扩大机会。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语expand，空处应使用非谓语。children和live之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用现在分词，作后置定语，故填living。 9．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“这项调查表明，我们必须继续鼓励孩子们参加体育运动，但同样重要的是，我们必须找到让成年人参与体育运动的方法，以保持健康和幸福。”分析句子结构可知，此处陈述一般事实，且主语this poll为单数形式，空处应使用一般现在时。故填indicates。 10．考查非谓语。句意：“这项调查表明，我们必须继续鼓励孩子们参加体育运动，但同样重要的是，我们必须找到让成年人参与体育运动的方法，以保持健康和幸福。”名词way后常接不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的方法”，故填to keep。 Passage 5 （23-24高二上·合肥一中·期中） While the key to success in both 1 (person) and professional relationships lies in your ability 2 (communicate) well, it’s not the words that you use 3 your body language that speaks the loudest. Whether you’re aware 4 it or not, when you interact with others, you’re continuously giving and receiving wordless signals. All of your nonverbal 5 (behavior) — the gestures you make, your tone of voice and how much eye contact you make — send strong messages. They can build trust and draw others towards you, or they can confuse 6 you’re trying to express. These messages don’t stop when you stop speaking, either. Even when you’re silent, you’re still communicating nonverbally. In some instances, what comes out of your mouth and what you communicate through your body language may be two 7 (total) different things. If you say one thing, but your body language says something else, your listener will likely feel that you’re being dishonest. When faced with such 8 (mix) signals, the listeners have to choose whether to believe your verbal or nonverbal messages. Since body language is a natural language that 9 (show) your true feelings and intentions, they’ll likely choose the nonverbal messages. However, by improving how you understand and use nonverbal communication, you can express what you really mean, connect better with others, and build stronger, more 10 (reward) relationships. 【答案】 1．personal 2．to communicate 3．but 4．of 5．behaviors 6．what 7．totally 8．mixed 9．shows 10．rewarding 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了肢体语言在沟通交流中的重要性。 1．考查形容词。句意：虽然在个人和职业关系中取得成功的关键在于你的沟通能力，但最响亮的不是你说的话，而是你的肢体语言。修饰后文名词relationships应用形容词personal，作定语。故填personal。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然在个人和职业关系中取得成功的关键在于你的沟通能力，但最响亮的不是你说的话，而是你的肢体语言。名词ability后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to communicate。 3．考查固定短语。句意：虽然在个人和职业关系中取得成功的关键在于你的沟通能力，但最响亮的不是你说的话，而是你的肢体语言。表示“不是……而是……”句型为not…but…。故填but。 4．考查介词。句意：不管你是否意识到，当你与他人互动时，你在不断地发出和接收无言的信号。表示“意识到”短语为be aware of。故填of。 5．考查名词的数。句意：你所有的非语言行为——你做的手势，你说话的语气和你眼神交流的次数——都传递了强烈的信息。根据上文All of your nonverbal可知behavior应用复数形式。故填behaviors。 6．考查宾语从句。句意：他们可以建立信任，吸引别人向你靠近，或者他们会混淆你想表达的东西。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，应用what引导。故填what。 7．考查副词。句意：在某些情况下，从你嘴里说出来的和你通过肢体语言传达的可能是两件完全不同的事情。修饰形容词different应用副词totally，故填totally。 8．考查形容词。句意：当面对这种混杂的信号时，听者必须选择是相信你的口头信息还是非口头信息。修饰名词signals应用形容词mixed，作定语。故填mixed。 9．考查主谓一致。句意：因为肢体语言是一种自然的语言，可以表达你的真实感受和意图，他们很可能会选择非语言信息。定语从句修饰先行词language，根据上文is可知为一般现在时，谓语与先行词保持一致，用三单形式。故填shows。 10．考查形容词。句意：然而，通过提高你对非语言交流的理解和使用，你可以表达你真正的意思，更好地与他人交流，建立更牢固、更有益的关系。修饰名词relationships应用形容词rewarding，作定语。故填rewarding。 Passage 6 （24-25高二上·安庆二中·期中） China has set up its 1 (one) deep space exploration laboratory with the purpose of carrying out deep space exploration as well as cutting-edge technology research in the field of spaceflight. The laboratory, 2 (locate) in Anhui province, is a new type of science and technology research and development institution that realizes the integration of science, technology and engineering. The laboratory is 3 (support) deep space exploration and carry out frontier, 4 (base) and strategic research in the field. It will also undertake research and demonstration. The laboratory is an open platform 5 international talents can come to work. After the 6 (complete) of the Tianwen Ⅰ mission, China will also plan a number of Tianwen series of planetary exploration missions to explore the vastness of space. 7 will be the Tianwen Ⅱ, Tianwen Ⅲ, Tianwen Ⅳ, etc. The main task of the follow-up is to explore the asteroids (小行星) in deep space. The asteroid samples 8 (collect) back. After that, China will be prepared to explore Jupiter and other planets in the solar system, 9 (hope) to complete the exploration of 100 astronomical units in 2049, to reach 15 billion kilometers from Earth, or even 10 the edge of the solar system. 【答案】 1．first 2．located 3．to support 4．basic 5．where 6．completion 7．There 8．will be collected 9．hoping 10．to 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国设立首个深空探测实验室的情况，该实验室旨在开展深空探测和航天领域的尖端技术研究。 1．考查序数词。句意：中国成立了第一个深空探测实验室，旨在开展深空探测和航天领域的前沿技术研究。提示词作定语，表示“第一个”，用序数词first。故填first。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：实验室位于安徽省境内，是实现科学、技术、工程一体化的新型科技研发机构。“(locate) in Anhui province,”作后置定语，locate(把……建在)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语laboratory之间是被动关系，用过去分词。故填located。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：深空实验室支持深空探测，开展深空前沿、基础和战略研究。分析句子可知，“(support) deep space exploration”作表语，support是非谓语动词，用不定式表示深空实验室未来的用途。故填to support。 4．考查形容词。句意：深空实验室支持深空探测，开展深空前沿、基础和战略研究。提示词作定语修饰名词research，用形容词basic，意为“基础的，基本的”，与形容词strategic构成并列关系。故填basic。 5．考查定语从句。句意：实验室是一个开放的平台，国际人才可以来这里工作。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词platform，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这个平台上”，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 6．考查名词。句意：在完成天问一号任务后，中国还将规划多个“天问”系列行星探测任务，探索浩瀚的太空。提示词作宾语，用名词completion，意为“完成”，不可数名词。故填completion。 7．考查there be句型。句意：会有天问二号、天问三号、天问四号等。表示“有；存在”，用there be句型，句首单词首字母大写。故填There。 8．考查动词时态和语态。句意：小行星的样本将被收集回来。分析句子可知，collect(收集)是句中谓语动词，与主语samples(样本)之间是被动关系，根据语境可知，描述未来的太空探测任务，应使用一般将来时态。综上，谓语应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be collected。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：之后，中国将准备探索木星等太阳系行星，希望在2049年完成100个天文单位的探测，到达距离地球150亿公里，甚至到达太阳系边缘。“(hope) to complete the exploration of 100 astronomical units in 2049, to reach 15 billion kilometers from Earth, or even 10 the edge of the solar system.”作伴随状语，hope(希望)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语China之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动，作伴随状语。故填hoping。 10．考查介词。句意：之后，中国将准备探索木星等太阳系行星，希望在2049年完成100个天文单位的探测，到达距离地球150亿公里，甚至到达太阳系边缘。结合上文“to reach 15 billion kilometers from Earth”可推知，这里表示“甚至到达太阳系边缘”，用to the edge of...。故填to。 Passage 7 （24-25高二上·芜湖一中·期中） ChatGPT is best known as 1 AI program creating essays as well as answering questions, but now Microsoft is using the chatbot to control robots. The company’s researchers published a paper on how ChatGPT controls 2 (diversity) robots. “We rely 3 (temporary) on hand-written code (代码) to control robots,” the researchers wrote. Microsoft’s approach also teaches ChatGPT to write some of the computer code. ChatGPT has shown it can write programs in several languages 4 (base) on text requests. So Microsoft’s researchers decided to see if it could write code for robotics hard ware. 5 (help) ChatGPT write the computer code, the researchers first gave the AI program different 6 (instruct) to control a given robot. The team applied the approach 7 several tests, one of 8 included using ChatGPT to write computer code to control a drone. For example, researchers told the chatbot, “Take a selfie using a reflective surface.” ChatGPT then interpreted the request 9 wrote computer code for the drone to fly in front of a mirror taking a selfie. In another instance, ChatGPT 10 (order) to write code to direct a robot arm to build the Microsoft logo using several wooden blocks. 【答案】 1．an 2．diverse 3．temporarily 4．based 5．To help 6．instructions 7．to 8．which 9．and 10．was ordered 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微软发表了一篇论文，公布了他们把ChatGPT应用于控制机器人上的研究成果。 1．考查冠词。句意：ChatGPT最出名的是作为一个人工智能程序，它可以写文章，也可以回答问题，但现在微软正在用这个聊天机器人来控制机器人。program为可数名词，此处表示泛指，AI发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。 2．考查形容词。句意：该公司的研究人员发表了一篇关于ChatGPT如何控制各种机器人的论文。修饰名词robots作定语，应用形容词diverse。故填diverse。 3．考查副词。句意：研究人员写道：“我们暂时依靠手写代码来控制机器人。”微软的方法还教ChatGPT编写一些计算机代码。修饰动词rely作状语，应用副词temporarily。故填temporarily。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：ChatGPT已经证明，它可以根据文本请求用几种语言编写程序。动词base在句中应用非谓语动词形式，be based on是固定搭配，应用其过去分词作后置定语based。故填based。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助ChatGPT编写计算机代码，研究人员首先给人工智能程序不同的指令来控制给定的机器人。动词help在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处在句中作目的状语应用不定式。故填To help。 6．考查名词复数。句意：同上。根据修饰词different可知，此处应用名词复数作宾语。故填instructions。 7．考查介词。句意：该团队将这种方法应用于几项测试，其中一项测试包括使用ChatGPT编写计算机代码来控制无人机。apply…to“应用于”是固定搭配。故填to。 8．考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是tests，指代事物，作of的宾语。故填which。 9．考查连词。句意：然后，ChatGPT解释了请求，并编写了计算机代码，让无人机在镜子前自拍。动词wrote和前文interpreted the request并列。故填and。 10．考查动词时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：在另一个例子中，ChatGPT被命令编写代码来指导机器人手臂使用几个木块构建微软的标志。分析句子结构可知，ChatGPT是主语和动词order之间是被动关系，描述过去事例用一般过去时。主语是单数，故填was ordered。 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·安徽无为·期中） Each year, we take more than 100 billion tons of natural materials from the earth 1 (make) the products we buy. However, about two-thirds of them 2 (eventual) becomes waste, including almost 3 billion plastic bottles 3 end up in the ocean every year. Since the 1860s, we 4 (follow) a common business model. Industries take natural materials, they make things, we use them, and then we throw them away. Environmentalists and economists warn that this model is not good for the environment, so they suggest 5 new choice: a circular economy (循环经济). A circular economy 6 (base) on the idea of reducing waste by keeping the natural, materials and products in use for much 7 (long). It works in a circle, very much the way nature does. The circular economy uses a range of 8 (strategy), such as recycling and reusing. In a circular economy, products are designed to be long-lasting and easy to repair from the 9 (begin). In this way, we can keep the balance 10 human and nature. 【答案】 1．to make 2．eventually 3．that/which 4．have followed 5．a 6．is based 7．longer 8．strategies 9．beginning 10．between 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要描述了现如今我们自然资源利用率不高，造成严重的资源浪费现象，环保主义者和经济学家就此提出了一种新模式：循环经济。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：每年，我们从地球上获取超过1000亿吨的天然材料来制造我们所购买的产品。分析句子结构，该句子谓语动词是take，所以该空填非谓语动词。由句意可知，此处要用不定式to make，作目的状语。故答案为to make。 2．考查副词。句意：然而，大约三分之二的塑料最终变成了垃圾，包括每年近30亿个塑料瓶最终进入海洋。分析句子结构，该空在句中作状语，所以要用副词，eventual的副词是eventually，表示“最终；终于”。故答案为eventually。 3．考查定语从句关系词。句意：然而，大约三分之二的塑料最终变成了垃圾，包括每年近30亿个塑料瓶最终进入海洋。分析句子结构，此处考查限制性定语从句，修饰先行词3 billion plastic bottles，指物，从句缺少主语，所以填关系代词that或which。故答案为that/which。 4．考查时态。句意：自19世纪60年代以来，我们一直遵循一种共同的商业模式。由时间状语Since the 1860s可知，时态为现在完成时，表示该动作从过去一直持续到现在，主语是we，助动词用have。故答案为have followed。 5．考查冠词。句意：环保主义者和经济学家警告说，这种模式对环境不利，因此他们提出了一种新的选择：循环经济。分析句子结构，choice是可数名词单数，此处表泛指且是第一次在文中出现，所以填不定冠词，new的发音以辅音音素开头，所以填a。故答案为a。 6．考查时态和语态。句意：循环经济的理念是通过延长自然、材料和产品的使用时间来减少浪费。分析句子结构，该空是句子的谓语动词，be based on表示“基于……”，主语A circular economy是单数，此处是客观事实， 时态为一般现在时，故答案为is based。 7．考查比较级。句意：循环经济的理念是通过延长自然、材料和产品的使用时间来减少浪费。空前的much常常修饰比较级，所以空处填longer。故答案为longer。 8．考查名词的数。句意：循环经济采用了一系列的策略，例如回收和再利用。空前是a range of，所以空处要使用可数名词复数，即strategies。故填strategies。 9．考查名词和固定短语。句意：在循环经济中，产品从一开始就设计得经久耐用，易于维修。空前是定冠词，所以空处填其名词形式，即beginning，构成短语from the beginning，表示“从一开始”。故答案为beginning。 10．考查介词。句意：这样，我们可以保持人与自然之间的平衡。根据空前关键词keep the balance和空后关键词and，空处填介词between，构成短语keep the balance between…and…，表示“保持……和……之间的平衡”。故答案为between。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $